Questions On Ratio and Proportion

QUESTIONS ON RATIO AND
PROPORTION
by :
DR. T.K. JAIN
AFTERSCHO☺OL
centre for social entrepreneurship
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5 DECEMBER 09 www.afterschool.tk 1
My word.....
My purpose here is to give an introductory lesson on ratio

& proportion .it will help you in your analytical skills. Let
us change the society, change the world. Go with positive
spirit. Please pass this presentation to all those who might
need it. Let us spread knowledge as widely as possible. I
welcome your suggestions. I also request you to help me in
spreading social entrepreneurship across the globe – for
which I need support of you people – not of any VIP. With
your help, I can spread the ideas – for which we stand....
The ratio of the present ages of Lata and her mother is
2:9, mother's age at the time of Lata's birth was 28
years , what is saritha's present age?
Let us assume that their ages are 2X and 9X

9X-2X = 28
7X = 28
x=4
thus their ages are : 2X = 8 and 9 X = 36
so Lata is 8 years old and her mother is 36
years old. Answer
The incomes of A and B are in the ratio of 4:3 and
their expenditure are in the ratio of 2:1 . if each one
saves Rs 1000,what are their incomes?
Let us assume that their incomes are 4X and 3X

their expenditure are : 2Y and 1 Y
4X – 2Y = 1000 -- - 1
3X-1Y = 1000 - - - -2
solving it we get : 2X = 1000 or X = 500
by putting this value in 1st equation we get Y = 1000. thus their
incomes are (4*500) = 2000 and (3*500) = 1500 respectively .
A certain number of one rupee,fifty parse and
twenty five paise coins are in the ratio of 2.5:3:4,
add up to Rs 210. How many 50 paise coins were
there?
The numbers are in the ratio 5:6:8
let us assume that they are in this number
only : so their value is : 5*1 = 5, 6 * .5 =3 and
8 *.25 = 2
thus their value is : 5+3+2
value of 50 paise coins : 3/10 * 210 = 63
total number of 50 paise coins : 63*2 = 126
answer
Three containers A,B and C are having mixtures of
milk and water in the ratio of 1:5 and 3:5 and 5:7
respectively. If the capacities of the containers are in
the ratio of 5:4:5, find the ratio of milk to water, if the
mixtures of all the three containers are mixed together.
The total of 1:5 is 6 and total of 3:5 is 8 and total of 5:7 is 12
their LCM is 24. Let us assume that the quantities are : (24*5)
(24* 4) (24*5) respectively. Thus milk from first container is :
1/(1+5) * (24*5) = 20
milk from 2nd container : 3/(3+5) *(24* 4)=36
milk from 3rd container=5/(5+7) *(24* 5)=50
total milk =106 total water = 230
thus their ratio is : 53:115 answer
A sum of Rs 1162 is divided among A,B and C. Such
that 4 times A's share share is equal to 5 times B's
share and is also equal to 7 times C's share . What is
the share of C?
4A=5B=7C = X
Let X be LCM of 4,5,7 = 140
4A = 140 or A = 35,
5B = 140 or B = 28
7C=140 or C = 20
A gets : 35/(35+28+20) *1162
=35/83 * 1162 = 490 answer
Two cylindrical jars have their diameters
in the ratio 3:1, their heights are in the
ratio 1:3 the ratio of their capacities are ?
Volume of cylinder : = pi * radius * radius *
height
volume of 1st =pi * 3r*3r*1h
nd
volume of 2 = pi * 1r*1r*3h
let us remove common elements from both
these : (remove Pi, r^2, & h )
9: 3 or 3:1 answer
If a:b =5:9 and b:c=4:7 Find
a:b:c?
We can see that B is common in both the ratios. So take is
for our calculations.
B is 9 in first ratio and 4 in second ratio. We shall
multiply the first ratios by 4 and second ratios by 9
(reverse method)
thus new ratio is available : A:B = 20: 36
B:C : 36: 63
now we notice that B has same value in both the ratios.
A:B:C = 20:36:63 answer
Find the fourth proportion to
4,9,12
We can write it as : 4:9:12:X

as per the rule, we can multiple the outer two
terms and the inner two terms and they will be
equal.
So : 4X = 9 *12
OR 4X = 108 or X = 27 answer
Find third proportion to 16,36?
We can write it as : 16: 36 :: 36:X
(as the third proportion has the same ratio to 36
as 36 has to 16)
apply the rule : we can multiple the outer two
terms and the inner two terms and they will be
equal.outer terms are 16 & X and inner terms
are 36 & 36.
16X = 36*36
X = 1296/16 = 81 answer
Find mean proportion between
0.08 and 0.18 ?
We can write it as : .08:X :: X:.18 (as we want to find

a mean proportion – say X - s it has the same ratio to .
08 as .18 has to it.)
apply the rule : we can multiple the outer two terms
and the inner two terms and they will be equal.outer
terms are .08 & .18 and inner terms are X & X
X^2 = .0144
X = .12 answer
If a:b=2:3 b:c=4:5, c:d=6:7 then
a:b:c:d is
We can see that B is common in the first 2 ratios. So take is for our
calculations.
B is 3 in first ratio and 4 in second ratio. We shall multiply the first
ratios by 4 (the value of B in 2nd ratio) and second ratios by 3 (the
value of B in 1st ratio) (reverse method) = A:B = 8:12 and B:C =
12:15
the new A:B:C = 8:12:15 Now we compare it to 3rd ratio : C:D. C is
common in both these ratio, it is : 15 & 6 respectively. So mulitply in
reverse : by 6 to (8:12:15) and by 15 to (6:7) = A:B:C = 48:72:90
AND C:D=90:105
ANSWER = A:B:C:D =48:72:90:105
but all the values are divisible by 3, so reduce them :
16:24:30:35 answer
2A=3B=4C then A:B:C?
Let us assume that 2A=3B=4C= X

let us take LCM of 2,3,4
LCM of 2,3,4 = 12 , let us assume X=12
so : 2A=3B=4C = 12
2A=12 or A = 6, 3B=12 or B=4, 4C=12 or C =
3
we can write as : A:B:C = 6:4:3 answer
15% of x=20% of y then x:y is
Here we can start by assuming any value for X
or Y. Let us assume Y = (15 * 100/20) = 75
we have assumed Y = 75, (you can also start
from X, if you wish, the answer will be same)
so what is 20% of Y = 15
so what is X = 15 * 100/15 = 100
So we get X = 100
The ratio of X :Y = 100:75 or 4:3 answer
a/3=b/4=c/7 then (a+b+c)/c=?
Let us assume that .a/3=b/4=c/7 =1

thus A= 3, B = 4, C = 7
now put the values of A,B,C in the formula
and get the answer :
(3+4+7) / 7
= 14/7 = 2 answer
Rs 3650 is divided among 4 engineers, 3 MBAs and 5
CAs such that 3 CAs get as much as 2 MBAs and 3
Engineers as much as 2 CAs .Find the share of an
Let us assume CA=x,MBA = Y, ENG=Z
MBA.
3X= 2 Y and 3 Z= 2 X
here X is common. Let us make them equal. LCM of 3 and 2 is 6.
Let us multiply the first ratios by 2(from 2nd ratio) and let us multiply
the 2nd ratio by 3( from the first ratio).
We get : 6X=4Y & 9Z=6X
or 6X=4Y=9Z let us assume that it is equal to (LCM of 6,4,9 = 36)
so 6X=36 or X=6, 4Y=36, Y=9, 9Z=36 or Z=4.
Share of all engineers : (4*4=16), share of all MBAs (3*9=27), share
of all Cas(5*6=30)
total for MBA = 27/73 * 3650 = 1350 or 1MBA=450
total for all Eng : 16/73 * 3650 = 800 or 1 eng=200
share of all Cas : 30/73*3650 =1500 or 1CA=300
What is log 100000?
10
= 5 answer
What is natural log ?
Here the base is e, which is 2.71828 (not 10,

which we had discussed earlier).
What is log 8? 2
=3
(here base is 2, and we know that 2^3 = 8)
What is log 1982 1?
Answer = 0
We know that in any base b, the logarithm of 1
is 0.
What is log b^x = ? b
Answer = x
it is a rule that : logbb^x = x
What is : 5 = log2n ( what is n?)
32 (answer )
2^5 = 32
What is log10 .001
= -3
Find log of 1728 to the base
2*sqrt(3) ?
Let us take factors of 1728 :

2*2*2*2*2*2*3*3*3
thus we know that 2*sqrt(3) ^ 6 = 1728
so answer is 6.
Change the base of log 200 to 2?
= log 2 200 / log 2 10
Given: log 2 = .3010 log 3 = .
4771 log 5 = .6990,
what is log 6?
We know that log 6 = log 2 * 3

we know that log 2*3 = .3010+.4771
=.7781
Given: log 2 = .3010, log 3 = .
4771 Evaluate log 18.
Log 2 * log 3*log 3

=.3010+.4771+.4771
=1.2552
Given: log 6 = .7781 Use the
laws of logarithms to evaluate
log 600
=log 6 * 100
= .7781 + 2
= 2.7781 answer
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QUESTIONS ON RATIO AND

My purpose here is to give an introductory lesson on ratio

Let us assume that their ages are 2X and 9X

Let us assume that their incomes are 4X and 3X

We can write it as : 4:9:12:X

We can write it as : .08:X :: X:.18 (as we want to find

Let us assume that 2A=3B=4C= X

Let us assume that .a/3=b/4=c/7 =1

Here the base is e, which is 2.71828 (not 10,

Let us take factors of 1728 :

= log 2 200 / log 2 10

We know that log 6 = log 2 * 3

Log 2 * log 3*log 3

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