Marking Scheme for Sec 2 Express End of Year Exams 2008

Section A
1
2
3
4
5

B
B
A
B
D

6
7
8
9
10

A
C
D
A
B

11
12
13
14
15

B
D
B
C
C

16
17
18
19
20

B
A
B
B
D

Section B
Question 1
(a)

Atom/Ion Nucleon Number

Mg

24

Number of
protons
12

Number of
neutrons
12

Number of
electrons
12

Ca2+

40

32

30

H+

Fe

56

26

30

26

[1/2m for each correct answer]

(b)
Mg

[Absence of symbol: -1/2m]

Ca2+

[Wrong charge / absence of charge: -1/2m]

[New electron not drawn in different pattern: -1/2m]

Question 2
(a) Isotopes are different atoms of the same element with the same number of protons/proton
number but different number of neutrons / nucleon number. [1m]

(b) Percentage of

39

K atoms = (940 / 1000) x 100%

= 94% [1m]

Percentage of 41K atoms = (60/1000) x 100%

= 6% [1m]
(c)

Similar Chemical Property

Differing Physical Property

Melting point
Boiling point
Density

Reacts with the same substances

to produce the same products
[1m]

[1m for any 1 point]

Question 3
(a) P4 or Br2
(b) C6H12O6 or H2SO4
(c) CO2 or BeO or r H2O
(d) CO2 or H2O
(e) MgCO3 or BeO
[1m for each correct answer]

Question 4

(a) Cu + 4 HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO2 + 2 H2O

(b) 4 FeSO4

2 Fe2O3 + 4 SO2 + O2

(c) 2 H2O + 4 NO2 + O2 4 HNO3

(d) 2 CH3OH + 3 O2 2 CO2 + 4 H2O
[1m for each correct answer]

Question 5

Label

Name
Fallopian Tube

Function

[1/2m]

Moves the egg from the ovary to the uterus OR

Region where fertilization takes place [1/2m]

Ovary [1/2m]

Produces eggs and female sex hormones [1/2m]

Uterus / Uterine
Lining [1/2m]

Region where fetus develops during pregnancy

Cervix [1/2m]

Narrow neck of the uterus which widens during

childbirth [1/2m]

B
C
D

[1/2m]

Question 6
(a) Distillation
(b) Liquid X [1m] will be distilled off first
because it has a lower boiling point than Liquid Y [1m]
(c) No. [1m]
Because water and oil are immiscible / are unable to mix with each other completely. [1m]
(d) No. [1m]
Because the boiling points are too close to each other [1/2m] and the liquids will distill at about
the same time, / causing the vapours of both substances to mix with each other [1/2m].
(e) (i) Water out [1m]
(ii) Water in [1m]

Question 7
(a) There has been a gradual increase in the number of AIDS cases from 1996 to 2006 [1m] with
a slight decrease in 2002.
(b)

Increased numbers of cases of casual sex / unprotected sex

Increased number drug users using contaminated needles
ANY acceptable answers
[1m for each suitable answer]

AIDS awareness / Anti-AIDS campaign

Encourage having only 1 sexual partner / discourage casual sex
Encourage protected sex / use of contraceptive
Discourage premarital sex
ANY acceptable answers
[1m for each suitable answer]

Human Immune deficiency Virus

[1m]
HIV attacks the white blood cells and gradually kills them [1/2m]
Bodys immune system breaksdown and body becomes susceptible to infections and
cancers. [1/2m]

(c)

(d)

Section C
Question 1
(f)
Mass of salt
added (g)
Total mass of
solution
Density of
solution (g/cm3)

15

21

24

27

60

63

69

75

81

84

87

1.0

1.05

1.15

1.25

1.35

1.4

1.45

[All correct for Total Mass - [1m]]

[All correct for Density - [1m]]
(g) Refer to graph paper

Correctly drawn and labeled X and Y-axis [1m]

Appropriate scale [1m]
Correctly plotted points [1m]
Best Fit line drawn [1m]

(h) Gradient = (1.45-1.00) / (27-0)

[1/2m]
= 0.0537 (3 sig. fig.)
[1m]
Indication on the graph
[1/2m]
(i) 1.30 g/cm3
[1/2m]
Indication on the graph

[1/2m]

(j) 12 g [1m]
Indication on the graph

[1/2m]

Question 2
(a) (i)

At - 25oC [1m]

At 30oC [1m]

(ii)

Temperature / oC

Gas
-5

Time / min

Liquid

Mark Allocation: Graph placed at the correct position - [1/2m]

Trend of graph [1/2m]
Correct labelling of states - [1/2m]
Labeling of -5oC - [1/2m]
(b) (i)

(ii)

soup particles lose heat / heat energy and start to move/vibrate slower.
At freezing point, the attractive forces are strong enough [1/2m]
to pull the particles closer to each other into their fixed position [1/2m]
liquid particles freeze to a solid.
[1m]

water molecules on the surface of the puddle absorbs heat energy from the
surrounding [1/2m]
water molecules start to move/vibrate faster [1/2m]
water molecules gain sufficient energy to overcome the attractive forces [1/2m]

[1m]

Question 3

and leave the surface of the water. [1/2m]

water molecules has turned into gas/water vapour [1m]

[For Parts (a)(i) to (a)(iii), minus 1/2m for each absent or wrong unit]
(a) (i)
gMars = 0.38 x 10N/kg
= 3.80 N/kg
[1m]
(ii)
Mass on Neptune = MNeptune = 2100 kg [1m]
Weight on Neptune = WNeptune = m x g
= 2100 x 10 x 1.13
= 23730
[1m]

[1m]

(iii)
gR = 15N/kg
WR = m x g
Mass on Planet R = MR = WR / gR
= 1179 / 15
= 78.6 kg
[1m]
Weight on Earth = WR = 78.6 x 10
= 786 N

[1m]
[1m]

(b) Method 1: Breaking the rock sugar into smaller pieces

Reason: Larger surface area in contact with the solvent

[1/2m]
[1/2m]

Method 2: Increase the temperature of the solvent. [1/2m]

Reason: Increased temperature will increase the movement of solvent particles which will
increase the rate of collision with the solute particles
[1/2m]
Method 3: Stirring the mixture
[1/2m]
Reason: Physically helping solute and solvent particles to mix evenly with each other.

[1/2m]

Question 4
(a) The child inherits 23 chromosomes from each parent [1m] when the nucleus of the sperm
fuses with the nucleus of the egg during fertilisation. [1m]
(b) (i) Period A:
Menstruation occurs. [1/2m] The lining of the uterus is broken down and discharged through
the vagina. [1/2m]
(ii) Period B:
The uterine lining starts to grow again. [1m]
(iii) Period C:
Ovulation occurs. [1/2m] The ovary releases a mature egg on a day during this period.
[1/2m]
(iv) Period D:
The uterine lining continues to thicken. [1/2m] The egg disintegrates if fertilisation does not
happen. [1/2m]
(c) (i) 27th August
(ii) 9th August 16th August
(d)

Fertilisation at the fallopian tube when the nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus
of the egg to form a zygote. [1/2m]
As the zygote moves down the fallopian tube into the uterus,
[1/2m]
it divides into a ball of cells called the embryo
[1/2m]
embryo attaches/ implants itself into the uterine line / uterus wall. [1/2m]