Classification

Example

Description

Treatment

Restrictions

Paracetamol is often taken for headaches,

non- nerve pain and the symptoms of colds
or flu.
Paracetamol

Ibuprofen

General
Sale List
Medicines

Paracetamol is a common type of painkiller

which is widely available in tablets, caplets and
as age-appropriate liquid suitable for children.

This treatment is unlikely to cause side

effects in recommended doses but even a
small overdose can cause serious
problems.

Seek medical advice if taking paracetamol for longer

than three days.

Ibuprofen is another common painkiller and

part of a group of medicines called NSAIDs or
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

These are used to treat pain and

inflammation. They should not be taken
for long periods of time, unless advised by
a healthcare professional.

Capsules 200 mg
- Tablets 200 mg
- Tablets 400 mg
- Tablets 600 mg
- Tablets 800 mg
- Tablets, chewable 100 mg

Aspirin is another type of NSAID

often recommended for headaches,

toothache or period pain.

It should never be given to under 16s.

Codeine is often used in combination with

paracetamol in a single medicine as tablets or to
be dissolved in water.

Paracetamol and low-dose codeine is

known as co-codamol and is available over
the counter from pharmacies. Higher doses
of codeine are available on prescription

Codeine-containing medicines should not be given to

children under 12 years old. Codeine should only be
given to children over 12 for short term moderate pain,
at the lowest possible dose and only if it cannot be
relieved by other painkillers such as paracetamol or
ibuprofen.

Amitriptyline is a depression
treatment and gabapentin is an epilepsy drug
which may be prescribed for nerve pain.

For pain caused by damaged nerves or

sensitivity linked to nerve problems, such
as shingles or neuropathy, medication
that's also used for epilepsy and depression
may be recommended.

Using amitriptyline together with gabapentin may

increase side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness,
confusion, and difficulty concentrating. Some people,
especially the elderly, may also experience impairment
in thinking, judgment, and motor coordination.

Aspirin

Codeine

Amitriptyline and
gabapentin

Classifica
tion

Example

Description

Treatment

Pharmacy
Medicines
AMOXICILLIN
Amoxicillin is a penicillin
antibiotic that fights bacteria.

Amoxicillin is used to treat many different types

of infection caused by bacteria, such as tonsillitis,
bronchitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea, and infections of
the ear, nose, throat, skin, or urinary tract.

FLUCLOXACILLIN (FLOXAPEN)
Flucloxacillin or floxacillin is a
narrow-spectrum beta-lactam
antibiotic of the penicillin class.

It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible

Gram-positive bacteria.

Restrictions
Amoxicillin should be used with caution
in: patients who have any allergies, those
with kidney problems, glandular fever (a
virus infection which causes asore
throat, high temperature above 39C or
102.2F, tiredness, muscle pains
and headache), or those who are not well
hydrated (not passing water regularly).
It should not be used in: patients who are
described as hypersensitive (allergic) to
penicillin (amoxicillin belongs to the
class of antibiotics called penicillins).
Flucloxacillin should be used
with caution in:
liver disease
kidney problems
patients
on sodium restricted diets
patients aged 50 years or
older
patients with serious
underlying diseases.
It should not be used in:
hypersensitivity (allergy)
to penicillins

Classifica
tion

Example

Cephalexin (cefalexin

Classification
Pharmacy
PrescriptionOnly
Medicines
Medicines

Example

Description

. Cephalexin (cefalexin) is a
cephalosporin antibiotic

Description

Treatment

used to treat bacterial infections of the upper

respiratory tract, the middle ear, the bones, the
skin, and the reproductive and urinary
systems. Cephalexin (cefalexin) works by
interfering with the bacteria's cell wall
formation.

Treatment

Restrictions

Do not take cephalexin if you have

ever had an allergic reaction to
another cephalosporin or to a
penicillin unless your doctor is
aware of the allergy and monitors
your therapy.

Restrictions

Celebrex is used to reduce inflammation and

Do notCelebrex
use gentamicin
you
pain in the following conditions:
Celebrex capsules contain the active ingredient
capsules if
can
be are
taken once
pregnant.
It
could
harm
the
unborn
celecoxib, which is a type of medicine known as a nonor twice a day. The dose prescribed
baby. Use
birth
steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Celecoxib
Rheumatoid arthritis.
byeffective
your doctor
willcontrol
dependtoon the
prevent pregnancy
during
treatment.
capsules are also available without a brand name, ie as
condition being
treated
and how bad
. Gentamicin is an antibiotic
Gentamicin is used to treat severe or serious
the generic medicine.
your pain is. It is important to follow
Gentamicin
Osteoarthritis.
that fights bacteria.
bacterial infections.
the instructions given by your doctor.
These will also be printed on the
A form of arthritis affecting the joints of the
dispensing
label that your pharmacist
spine (ankylosing spondylitis).
has put on the packet of medicine.
Do not exceed the dose prescribed
Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic
Applies to the following
strength(s):
by your doctor.
Ciprofloxacin is used to treat different types
in a group of drugs called
100 mg Brexidol
; 250 mgtablets
; 500should
mg ; 750
mg with
Relief
of pain and
inflammation
the following
be taken
of bacterial
infections.
It is
also used tointreat
Ciprofloxacin
fluoroquinolones
(flor-o;
200
mg/100
mL-5%
;
400
mg/200
conditions
or after food.
Brexidol (piroxicam)
rexidol tablets contain the active ingredient piroxicam,
people who have been
exposedintoadults:
anthrax.
KWIN-o-lones).
Ciprofloxac
mL-5%
;
250
mg/5
mL ; 500 mg/5
which is a type of medicine called a non-steroidal antiImportant information...
in fights
bacteria NSAIDs
in the body.
mL ;This
10 mg/mL
mg the signs
inflammatory
drug (NSAID).
are used to
rheumatoid arthritis
medicine; 1000
may mask
relieve pain and inflammation. (NB. Piroxicam is also
and symptoms of infection, such as
available without a brand name, ie as the generic
fever and inflammation. This may
osteoarthritis
medicine.)
make you think mistakenly that an
infection is getting better when it
a form of arthritis affecting the joints of the
isn't, or that an infection is less
spine (ankylosing spondylitis).
serious than it is. For this reason you
Celebrex (celecoxib)

should tell your doctor if you get an

infection while you are taking this
medicine.

Flamrase SR
(diclofenac)

Classification

Example

amrase SR tablets contain the active ingredient

diclofenac sodium, which is a type of medicine called a
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
NSAIDs are used to relieve pain and inflammation.
(NB. Diclofenac is also available without a brand name,
ie as the generic medicine.)

Description

Flamrase SR tablets are used to relieve pain and

inflammation in a wide range of conditions in
adults

Treatment

The dose prescribed and how often

to take the medicine depends on your
level of pain and inflammation and
the strength of tablet you have been
prescribed. It is important to follow
the instructions given by your doctor.
These will also be printed on the
dispensing label that your pharmacist
has put on the packet of medicine. If
you are unsure about anything, talk
to your pharmacist.

Restrictions

Relpax (eletriptan)

Relpax tablets contain the active ingredient eletriptan,

which is a type of medicine called a serotonin (or 5HT)
agonist. This type of medicine is also commonly known
as a 'triptan'. It is a painkiller specifically used to relieve
migraine attacks.

Rwelieving migraine attacks.

PrescriptionOnly
Medicines

Indolar SR (indometacin)

Indolar SR modified release capsules contain the active

ingredient indometacin (previously spelt indomethacin
in the UK), which is a type of medicine called a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). (NB.
Indometacin is also available without a brand name, ie
as the generic medicine.)

In adults, relief of pain and inflammation in a

wide range of conditions.

f the first dose of this medicine

doesn't relieve your migraine
headache within two hours then you
should not take another dose for the
same attack, as trials have not
proved this to be effective. If the
first dose does relieve your migraine
headache, but it returns within 24
hours, a second dose can be
effective. If you need a second dose
because your migraine has returned,
you should not take it within two
hours of your first dose. Do not
exceed the recommended dose.

This medicine may cause dizziness

and so may affect your ability to
drive or operate machinery safely.
Do not drive or operate machinery
until you know how this medicine
affects you and you are sure it won't
affect your performance.

Project
In
Consumer Chemistry
Ronnel M. Vasquez
Grade 9 STE CMT (PLATINUM)