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Volume-5, Issue-4, August-2015
International Journal of Engineering and Management Research
Page Number: 405-408

A Geographical Study on the Change Detection of Komaghatta Lake,

Bangalore City using Remote Sensing and GIS
1,2

Mahesh.R1, Rajamanickam.M2, Shanmugavel.T3, Jiyavudeen.K.M4

Center for Research and Development, Trichy-Thanjavur Highway, Vallam, Thanjavur, INDIA
3,4
PG Scholar, Prist University, Trichy-Thanjavur Highway, Vallam, Thanjavur, INDIA

ABSTRACT
Bangalore city being the city of thousand lakes
now being in the state of losing a major portion of the water
bodies due to various reasons. The titles such as city of
lakes, Garden city, Pensioners Paradise, Air condition
city of the South India (Mani 1985:2) have lost the glory and
purposes due to the rapid growth of population, urbanisation,
developments and other factors. This paper will highlight the
significant discovery of the change detection & shrinking of
Komaghatta lake in & around the lake with the help of space
borne technologies of Remote sensing and Geographical
Information system (GIS)

Keywords Lakes, Urbanization, Komaghatta, Remote

Sensing, GIS

I.

INTRODUCTION

Kempe Gowda the founder of Bangalore & his

successors had constructed more than 100 lakes in &
around the city.In 1791, Lord Cornwallis sent commanderin-chief to Bangalore and the commander looking at the
climate exclaimed, Land of Thousand Lakes. Past 20th
century the city include 262 lakes, Ponds, marshy
wetlands. Now due to the Industrialisation & fast
Urbanisation, the lakes have come to 127 and out of which
only 81 are said to be live lakes. Kempe Gowda the
founder of Bangalore & his successors had constructed
more than 100 lakes in & around the city.
Fast disappearing There persist 262 lakes in Bangalore city
in 1961, of that only 33 are visible on satellite images now
pollution and encroachment being the primary reasons
LDA was established in 2002, which leased out lakes to
private parties to 'develop' them Late environmentalist
Zafar Futehally was the pioneer to file a PIL to save water
bodies. Some Case study of other lakes The 270-acre

405

Madiwala lake is vanished with weeds, thanks to sewage

water let out from BTM Layout.The threat of a road on the
lake area linking Electronics City to the layout looms
large. The sewage treatment plant (STP) there is nonfunctional. This is the status of one of the voluminous
water bodies of Bangalore, the erstwhile city of
lakes.Elsewhere, extensive spread of weeds have breach
the Bellandur lake that is covering the threat of an SEZ
getting operational soon. The Horamavu, Arekere, Ulsoor
and Hebbal lakes have same tales of unconcerned to
share.[1][2].Unless the flow of sewage water into these is
stopped, weeds will continue to grow.

II.

STUDY AREA

It is situated in the Bangalore southern Taluk of

the Bangalore Urban District at an absolute site of 12o 92
99 latitude and 77o 46 44 longitude. (Fig.1). The
region various climatic parameters are shown in figures
(Fig2,3,4,} The lake Survey of India topo No. 169 areal
extent of 5.09 acres and Survey of India topo No. 2
extent of 2.05 acres as data digitized from the Cadastral
Map which was collected from the Revenue Department.
Circumference 2 km. Komaghatta Lake where all the six
bodies with its drainage system connected drains finally
into the down depression area called as Komaghatta. It is
situated in an undulating terrain of the foothills of an
intermingling valley and hills having a height of 812 m
contour according to the Toposheet map of Bangalore
urban 57H/5, 1973.The area of the lake is around 2 km. It
is managed and developed by the Bangalore Development
Authority for the past two years and has been fenced and
conserved for various reasons and purposes[3]. It is given
for the lease by the Gram Panchayat for the fisheries for
five years costing Rs 6,00,005.Towards the north, the lake
faces Ramasandra and Ramasandra lake and in the south
Komaghatta village. In the east there is Hosakerehalli and

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Far East leading to Kengeri. Towards the far North west

located Sulikere

Fig.4.Precipitation of Maragondanahalli
Fig.1 Komaghatta Lake, Bangalore
It is an interface of study between WATER &
LAND which teaches us many aspects of Human life and
interactions.The purpose of the study is to find change
detection of the Komaghatta lake and the importance of
lakes in Bangalore city by using Remotely sensed data &
GIS.It is an interface of study between WATER & LAND
which teaches us many aspects of Human life and
interactions.[4][5][6]. The purpose of the study is to find
change detection of the Komaghatta lake and the
importance of lakes in Bangalore city by using Remotely
sensed data & GIS.[7][8] and [9]

Objectives of the study

To identify the water bodies which are a lung
spaces of urban area especially in the kommaghatta
village.
To study and assess the Kommaghatta lake from a
geographical point inclusive of various parameters
To understand the change detection of the lake
over the years in the catchment areas specially with regard
to the shrinking and other environmental hazards.
To
suggest
an
inclusive
method
of
restoration,conservation and management.

III.

METHODOLOGY

Topomap No.57H/5, 1973, scale 1:50,000, Satellite

imagery IRS-1C ID imagery,Cadastral Maps (Land
Records) GPS ground points of the lake and Field survey.
Data that is collected from these above sources
are processesed in the Remote Sensing ERDAS Imagine
and ArcGIS and brought the evaluations and results.

IV.

Fig.2 Komaghatta Lake, Bangalore

Fig.3.Temperature of Ramasandra

406

RESULTS & FINDINGS

In general the spatial mapping of water bodies in

the district revealed the number of water bodies to have
decreased from 379 (138 in north and 241 in south) in
1973 to 246 (96-north and 150-south) in 1996.The built-up
area in the metropolitan area was 16 % of total in 2000 and
is currently roughly estimated to be around range of 23-24
%. Official figures for the current number of lakes and
tanks varies from 117 to 81, but current remote sensing
satellite data provide a different picture altogether,
showing only 33 lakes visible, out of which only about 18
are clearly delineated while another 15 show only faint
signs of their former existence. The current study
demonstrated that the area is an environmentally suitable
in terms of climatic factors such as annual Rainfall,
temperature, soil moisture content, habitat to number of
species there is a problem yet to be addressed in that area.

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Fig.5.Komaghatta Lake catchment Area

The Komaghatta lake is not just an independent
water body but rather its a network of water bodies which
are connected to the rest of the above small
tanks/lakes.The catchment area extends in large scale from
the bottom of the big lake Komaghatta till the top
Maragondanahalli and adjoining from the east and west as
well. The Komaghatta lake is not single entity but a
network of water bodies which flow into

Fig.7.Contour map of Komaghatta Lake

This big depression area.[11][12] and [13]
Ground water perspective needs to be addressed as the
settlements are depending on the ground water adjacent to
the lake which pressurises the ground water perspective
and this will decline in water table in future cause
flooding, changes in micro climate etc.( Figures.5,6 and
7)Though Komaghatta lake is fenced by the BDA and
developed in 2013 and given it for urban usages such as
jogging and waking for the people in the morning and
evening still lot of issues unanswered which can cause
shrinking of lake in the near future due to the
contamination and the depletion of ground water and
emitting foul smell in the buffer zone of the lake.27 High
species diversities & 13 low species which are home to
this lake is very important aspect for the conservation and
preservation of species along with fisheries which is
practised in the water body.

V.

Fig.6.Supervised Classification of Komaghatta Lake

407

CONCLUSION

Lake management in India needs a revolutionary

change in the approach as they influence the local/ regional
ecology, climate, agriculture and economy. The
governmental agencies that are supposed to maintain the
lake are unable to bring major revolution due to a complex
governance structure, with overlapping administration,
compounded by an ongoing lawsuit. Similar trends are
observed in other metropolitan centres in India as well
[14[15].While the authorities in charge of maintaining the
lakes of Bangalore (predominantly, Some of the main
agencies involved in real estate include the LDA, BDA
and BBMP) are contracted in lake protection and
rejuvenation efforts, these appear largely concentrate on
surveying, spatial mapping and fencing these lakes, and on
engineering and ecology oriented designs for rejuvenation
which are obviously a need of the hour but little attention
to other aspects. Creation of Mandatory Regulation Zone

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maps, Buffer zone maps for restricting human activities

that can pollute the interlinked water bodies. This will
create a better urbanisation and an urban ecosystem with
eco-green-healthy living for the people at large. Since the
Revenue bodies and developmental bodies of the region
are curtailed from entering into the buffer zone of the
water bodies and changing it into residential sites. This
will bring down lot of problems of the lakes in the
metropolitan regions.

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