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410

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

1. Introduccin
2. Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones
2.1. Introduccin
2.2. Fundamentos tericos del Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones
2.3. Tipos de auto-instrucciones y funcin
2.4. Procedimiento de aplicacin del Entrenamiento en
Autoinstrucciones
2.5. Estudios de eficacia del Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones
2.6. Mapa Conceptual del Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones
3. Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de Estrs
3.1. Introduccin
3.2. Fundamentos tericos del Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de
Estrs
3.3. La prctica del Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de Estrs
3.4. Estudios de eficacia del Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de
Estrs
3.5. Mapa Conceptual del Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de Estrs
4. Terapia de Solucin de Problemas
4.1. Introduccin
4.2. Fundamentos tericos de la Terapia de Solucin de Problemas
4.3. La prctica de la Terapia de Solucin de Problemas
4.4. Estudios de eficacia de la Terapia de Solucin de Problemas
4.5. Mapa conceptual de la Terapia de Solucin de Problemas
5. Conclusiones y consideraciones finales
6. Resumen
7. Bibliografa recomendada
8. Referencias bibliogrficas

411

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

Palabras clave
Estrategias de afrontamiento
Coping

Estrs
Modelo Transaccional de Estrs

Autoinstrucciones

Modelo de Determinismo Recproco

Objetivos
Este captulo ha sido escrito con el objetivo de que el lector o lectora...
Conozca las principales tcnicas cognitivo conductuales para incrementar las estrategias de afrontamiento frente a situaciones vitales negativas
Conozca las principales tcnicas que se utilizan en el proceso de solucin
de problemas
Conozca, de cada una de ellas, los conceptos bsicos, las bases tericas y
modelos en los que se fundamentan
Conozca los procedimientos de aplicacin: sus fases, estructura y componentes

413

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XH Autoinstrucciones encubiertasU*/-%4(O'%5'*'(*%-c>*0'4(-.474*(4*540'4*O-'%504)*
)'*2474*4*)9*O-)O>3*-%5'0%4O'%5'3*(4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*>@>05,%4)H
h>O4%2>*;>O>*0'P'0'%;-4*')5>)*@0-O'0>)*50474_>)*2'*"'-;d'%74,O*\*:>>2O4%*
bCNVCf3*'(*`<*)'*d4*((']42>*4*;47>*'%*,%*]4)5>*04%&>*2'*@0>7('O4)*54%5>*'%*%-c>)*
;>O>*'%*42,(5>)H*`%*&'%'04(*'(*`<*),'('*,5-(-.40)'*;>O>*@405'*2'*,%*@0>&04O4*2'*
-%5'0]'%;-R%*O,(5-;>O@>%'%5'3*'%*;>O7-%4;-R%*;>%*5D;%-;4)*2'*O>2'(42>3*5D;%-K
;4)* 2'* 4,5>;>%50>(* b4,5>K>7)'0]4;-R%3* 4,5>']4(,4;-R%* \* 4,5>K0'P,'0.>f3* @0>;'2-K
O-'%5>)*2'*4@0>^-O4;->%')*),;')-]4)3*5D;%-;4)*>@'04%5')3*'%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*d47-(-K

416

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

2.3. Tipos de autoinstrucciones y funcin

Y4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*@,'2'%*42>@540*2-P'0'%5')*P>0O4)U*4f*%>O-%4( b'H&H Mara,
prate un momento y respira profundamentef3*7f*'%*@0-O'04*@'0)>%4*b'H&H*me voy a
parar un momento y voy a respirar profundamentef3* ;f* '%* )'&,%24* @'0)>%4* b'H&H*
ser mejor que pares un momento y respires profundamente3*\*;f*-O@'045-]4*b'H&H*
para un momento y respira profundamentefH
Y4)*P,%;->%')*Z,'*2')'O@'c4%*(4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*'%*'(*;>%50>(*2'(*;>O@>0K
54O-'%5>*)'*@,'2'%*0'),O-0*'%*(>)*)-&,-'%5')*@,%5>)U
K
;4)*Z,'3*)'&[%*'(*O>O'%5>*>*)-5,4;-R%3*)'4%*O1)*42';,424)*b'H&H*recuerda
utilizar las autoinstrucciones entrenadas cuando ests entrando al coche para
aprender a conducirfH
/>;4(-.40*(4*45'%;-R%*b'H&H*concntrate en lo que vas a hacer, no pienses en
nada msf*'%*(4*540'4*Z,'*')*>7_'5-]>*2'*(4*'_';,;-R%H
:,-40*(4*;>%2,;54*b'H&H*antes de comenzar a conducir tengo que comprobar
que el coche est en punto muerto, despus pisar el embrague, poner primera, mirar por los espejos retrovisores y poner el intermitente para incorporarme a la calzadafH
k0>@>0;->%40*0'P,'0.>*\*0'50>4(-O'%54;-R%*)>70'*(4*'_';,;-R%*b'H&H*por ahora
todo va bien, sigue as, lo vas a conseguirfH
`]4(,40*(>)*0'),(542>)*(4*'_';,;-R%*b'H&H*de momento voy bien, slo me he
olvidado de poner el intermitente una vezfH
+'2,;-0*(4*4%)-'242*b'H&H*mantn la calma, tranquilo, respira. Lo estoy haciendo bienfH

2.4. Procedimiento de aplicacin del Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones

<%5')*2'*;>O'%.40*'(*`%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*<,5>-%)50,;;->%')*')*%';')40->*']4(,40*'(*
5-@>*2'*2-1(>&>*Z,'*'(*-%2-]-2,>*O4%5-'%'*;>%)-&>*O-)O>*2,04%5'*'(*47>024_'*2'*(4)*
540'4)*\*0')@>%)47-(-242')*;>5-2-4%4)3*O'2-4%5'*5D;%-;4)*2'*4,5>K0'&-)50>3*)'*('*-%2-;4*
Z,'*>7)'0]'*\*0'&-)50'*'(*2-1(>&>*-%5'0%>*Z,'*O4%5-'%'*O-'%504)*0'4(-.4*,%4*2'5'0O-%4K
4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*;>%P>0O4%*'(*0'@'05>0->*%45,04(*2'(*-%2-]-2,>3*\*2'*'((4)3*;,1(')*)>%*
42';,424)*\*2'7'%*O4%5'%'0)'3*\*;,1(')*0'),(54%*2')4_,)5424)3*-%5'0P'0'%5')*>*-00'('K
]4%5')*\*2'7'%*'(-O-%40)'*>*)'0*,5-(-.424)*[%-;4O'%5'*'%*(4)*P4)')*>*)-5,4;->%')*@'05-K
%'%5')H*`)*%';')40->3*@>0*54%5>3*'%)'c40*4(*-%2-]-2,>*4*4%4(-.40*(4)*)';,'%;-4)*2'*4;;-R%*
Z,'*((']4%*4*>75'%'0*,%4*O'54*2'5'0O-%4243*\*Z,D*5-@>*2'*4,5>K]'074(-.4;->%')*\*4,5>K
-%)50,;;->%')*@,'2'%*)'0*(4)*O1)*42';,424)*'%*;424*,%4*2'*')4)*)';,'%;-4)H
417

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

S%*4)@';5>*P,%24O'%54(*4*(4*d>04*2'*((']40*4*;47>*,%*`<*')*P4]>0';'0*Z,'*)'4*'(*
O-)O>*-%2-]-2,>*'(*Z,'*&'%'0'*'(*O4\>0*%[O'0>*2'*4,5>K]'074(-.4;->%')*\*4,5>-%)K
50,;;->%')* Z,'* ('* @'0O-54%* &,-40* ;>%* D^-5>* ),* @0>@-4* ;>%2,;543* 5'%-'%2>* @0')'%5')*
4Z,'((4)*;>%)-&%4)*Z,'*'%*>504)*>;4)->%')3*>*;-0;,%)54%;-4)*@40';-24)3*)'*d4*2-;d>*4*)9*
O-)O>*\*('*d4%*)-2>*2'*,5-(-242H*k>)5'0->0O'%5'3*;>%*(4*4\,24*2'(*5'04@',54*)'*)'(';K
;->%401%*(4)*Z,'*)'*;>%)-2'0'%*O1)*42';,424)3*'%*P,%;-R%*2'(*@0>7('O43*'(*O>O'%5>*
\*(4)*;-0;,%)54%;-4)*'%*(4)*Z,'*)'*]4%*4*,5-(-.40H*`%*(4*P>0O,(4;-R%*2'*(4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->K
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7,(40->*>*'(*5-@>*2'*'^@0')->%')*Z,'*(4*@'0)>%4*,5-(-.4*d47-5,4(O'%5'*@404*Z,'*)'*)-'%54*
;RO>24*;>%*'((4)*\*(4)*@,'24*-%5'&040*\*d4;'0*),\4)*;>%*O4\>0*P4;-(-242H*
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-%)50,;;->%')* O1)* &'%'04(')* >* 47)504;54)* Z,'3* '%* 0'4(-2423* )>%* 0'&(4)* Z,'* @,'2'%*
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@4)>)*2'(*'%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*)>(,;-R%*2'*@0>7('O4)H*T>*2'7'*>(]-240)'*Z,'*@0';-)4K
O'%5'3*,%4*2'*(4)*-%2-;4;->%')*P,%24O'%54(')*;,4%2>*)'*')51*((']4%2>*4*;47>*'(*`<*
')* 0')4(540* (4* %';')-242* 2'* @04;5-;40* (4)* 4,5>-%)50,;;->%')* \* 4,5>K]'074(-.4;->%')*
Z,'*)'*')51%*50474_4%2>*'%*'(*O4\>0*%[O'0>*@>)-7('*2'*)-5,4;->%')*@404*Z,'*'(*-%2-K
]-2,>* @,'24* d4;'0(4)* ),\4)3* 4,5>O45-.40(4)* \* ,5-(-.40(4)* '%* 540'4)* 2-P'0'%5')* 4* (4)*
Z,'*)'*0'4(-.R*'(*'%50'%4O-'%5>H
(>)*)-&,-'%5')*4)@';5>)U
Identificacin de la situacin problemtica: 6%5'00>&40)'* )>70'* (4* )-5,4;-R%*
d4;'*'^@(9;-5>*'(*@0>7('O4*\*),)*;>O@>%'%5')*\*@'0O-5'*(4*;>O@0'%)-R%*2'(*
;>%5'^5>*Z,'*2'7'*47>0240)'
Centrar la atencin sobre el problemaU*"'2-4%5'*@0'&,%54)*\*0')@,')54)*)>70'*
(4*540'4*)'*0';-7'*0'50>4(-O'%54;-R%*-%P>0O45-]4*\*)'*@0>2,;'*(4*P>;4(-.4;-R%*
2'*(4*45'%;-R%*'%*'((4H
Reglas especficas*)>70'*(4)*;>%5-%&'%;-4)*\*(4*P>0O4*2'*'%;4,.40*(4*)-5,4;-R%*
d4;-4*(4*)>(,;-R%U*G>%*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*)>70'*'(*@0>;')>*2'*4;5,4;-R%3*;RO>*
4;5,40*'%*(4)*2-P'0'%5')*P4)')*\*P0'%5'*4*;4O7->)*'%*(4*)-5,4;-R%H
Qu hacer con los errores cometidosU* Y4)* 4,5>-%)50,;;->%')* )>70'* ;RO>*
;>&%-5-]4H
Auto-refuerzoU* Y4)* 4,5>-%)50,;;->%')* 2'* 4,5>K0'P,'0.>* )>%* ,%4* 4,5>']4(,4K
;-R%*2'*(>)*0'),(542>)*>75'%-2>)*Z,'*5-'%'%*54O7-D%*'P';5>*O>5-]42>0H
418

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

S%* '_'O@(>* 2'* 4,5>-%)50,;;->%')* @404* '(* 47>024_'* 2'* ,%4* 540'4* 2'* '^4O'%*
@>2094*-%;(,-0*(>)*)-&,-'%5')*@4)>)*\*]'074(-.4;->%')U
(e.g.: qu tengo que hacer? Tengo que comenzar
a realizar el examen de Terapia de Conducta).
<@0>^-O4;-R%*4(*@0>7('O4U*(e.g. cmo es el examen? Es tipo test).
Focalizacin de la atencin: (e.g. en qu tengo que fijarme? En cada una de
las respuestas que voy leyendo no en todas a la vez).
<,5>K0'P,'0.>U (e.g. muy bien, estoy contestando una a una y saltndome las
que no me s).
='074(-.4;->%')*@404*d4;'0*P0'%5'*4*(>)*'00>0')U (e.g. me he equivocado en
esta pregunta, creo que la respuesta es otra distinta a la que he marcado. No
importa, voy a tratar de corregirlo e intentar ir ms despacio y fijarme bien
para no equivocarme de nuevo).
<,5>K']4(,4;-R%U (e.g. he contestado todas las preguntas que me s? Voy a
comprobarlas todas. Parece que est bien).
<,5>K0'P,'0.>U (e.g. muy bien. He conseguido no ponerme muy nervioso y
contestar lo que me s).
?,4%2>*'(*`%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*<,5>-%)50,;;->%')*)'*0'4(-.4*'%*%-c>)*@'Z,'c>)3*(4)*
)-&,-'%5')* -%2-;4;->%')* @,'2'%* 4\,240* 4* P4;-(-540* (4* O40;d4* \* D^-5>* 2'(* '%50'%4K
O-'%5>*b"'-;d'%74,O3*CNVVfU
?>O'%.40*'(*'%50'%4O-'%5>*;>%*4;5-]-242')*2'*_,'&>*;>O>*540'4*-%-;-4(H
h0474_40*;>%*2>)*%-c>)*@404*Z,'*'%50'*'((>)*@,'24%*)'0]-0)'*2'*O>2'(>*)-*(4)*
;-0;,%)54%;-4)*(>*@'0O-54%H
k0>;,040* %>* P>0.40* '(* 0-5O>* 2'(* %-c>* '%* (4* '(47>04;-R%* \* '%50'%4O-'%5>* 2'*
4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*4@0>@-424)H
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(-242*2'*(4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*Z,'*]4*4@0'%2-'%2>*\*Z,'*%>*(4)*')5D*[%-;4K
O'%5'*O'O>0-.4%2>H
8')400>((40*\*O4%5'%'0*,%4*7,'%4*)-%5>%94*'%50'*'(*5'04@',54*\*'(*%-c>3*@404*
)-%5-'%2>H
?,4%2>*)'*50474_'*;>%*540'4)*Z,'*&'%'04%*4%)-'2423*0'4(-.40*,%*'%50'%4O-'%K
5>*&042,4(3*;>O'%.4%2>*@>0*4Z,'((4)*Z,'*@0>]>;4%*0')@,')54)*2'*74_4*-%5'%K
)-242
h0474_40*;>%*5D;%-;4)*2'*-O4&-%4;-R%*Z,'*@,'24%*4\,240*4(*%-c>*4*@04;5-;40*
'*-%5'0->0-.40*(4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*Z,'*)'*')51%*'%50'%4%2>
?>O7-%40 '(* `%50'%4O-'%5>* '%* <,5>-%)50,;;->%')* ;>%* 5D;%-;4)* 2'* 0'P>0.4K
O-'%5>H
419

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

2.5. Estudios de eficacia del Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones

?>O>*)'c4(4O>)*4%5'0->0O'%5'3*4,%Z,'*'(*'%50'%4O-'%5>*`<*P,'*2')400>((42>*\*,5-K
(-.42>*-%-;-4(O'%5'*;>%*@>7(4;-R%*-%P4%5-(3*)'*@0>2,_>*,%4*01@-24*&'%'04(-.4;-R%*4*&0,K
@>)*2'*42>(');'%5')*\*42,(5>)*;>%*,%4*4O@(-4*&4O4*2'*@0>7('O4)H*T>*)'*'%;,'%504%*
`%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*<,5>-%)50,;;->%')*;>%*0')@';5>*4*>504)*5D;%-;4)*2'*-%5'0]'%;-R%H*G-%*
'O740&>3*)>%*O,;d>)*(>)*')5,2->)*7-'%*;>%50>(42>)*Z,'*4@>054%*']-2'%;-4*'O@90-;4*
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2>*(4*'P';5-]-242*2'(*,)>*2'(*`<*;>O>*&,94*@404*47>0240*540'4)*0'(4;->%424)*;>%*'(*504K
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2'* 4%)-'242* b?042>;i3* ?>5('0* \* s4)>%3* CNVMf3* -04* b/>0'O4%3* CNMBf3* ;>O@>054O-'%5>)*
2')424@542>)*'%*504)5>0%>)*2'*@'0)>%4(-242*ba]'0d>)'0*\*/-%'3*CNNLf3*>7')-242*b8,%i'(*
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4_,)5424* b?4)d* \* Y4]4((''3* CNNVf3* @0>7('O4)* 2'* 2>(>0* b:-(3* ?40)>%3* G'2F4\3* k>05'03*
"4);-5'((-3*CNMAf3*'%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*)>(,;-R%*2'*@0>7('O4)*bY47>,]-'K=-'P*\*:>%243*

?>,]42'((-3*CNNMm*G,.O4%3*">00-)3*">00-)*\*"-(4%3*CNNVfH*

2.6. Mapa conceptual del Entrenamiento en Autoinstrucciones

420

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

WH*`%50'%4O-'%5>*'%*6%>;,(4;-R%*2'*`)50D)
3.1. Introduccin
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3.3. La prctica del Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de Estrs

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3.3.2.2. Entrenamiento en habilidades y estrategias de afrontamiento

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CH Preparacin para enfrentarse al estresorH*`)54)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*]4%*'%;4K
540'4*>*')50')>03*;>O745-0*'(*@'%)4O-'%5>*%'&45-]>*4)>;-42>)*\*0';4(;40*(4*
qu tengo que hacer?: Slo he de pensar en lo que s que 5'%&> que hacer y no
en si me estoy poniendo nervioso. Concntrate en lo que tienes que hacer
y no en otros aspectos que no son relevantes o te interfierenfH
AH Confrontacin con el estresorH* `(* >7_'5-]>* 2'* ')54)* 4,5>-%)50,;;->%')* ')*
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;-R%3* -%5'0@0'540* (>)* )-&%>)* 2'* ')50D)* Z,'* ]4%* 4@40';-'%2>* 2'* O4%'04*
;>%)50,;5-]43* 0'P>0.40* '(* ,)>* 2'* 0')@,')54)* 2'* 4P0>%54O-'%5>* '%50'%424)*
540'4* >* '%* (4* )-5,4;-R%* b'H&H* No tengo que pensar en mi estrs sino en
como tengo que abordar esta situacin o problema, Vete paso a paso y
divide el estrs o la tarea en unidades manejables no lo abordes globalmente, la tensin o el malestar que siento me sirven de recordatorio de
que tengo estrategias de afrontamiento que puedo utilizar para reducirlo.
Reljate, respira, y sigue adelante, etcHfH
WH Afrontamiento de las sensaciones de estrs o malestar si se producenH*`)5'*
5-@>* 2'* 4,5>-%)50,;;->%')* d4%* 2'* @'0O-5-0* @>%'0* '%* O40;d4* ')5045'&-4)*
Z,'*@'0O-54%*4P0>%540*'(*@'>0*O>O'%5>*Z,'*@,'2'*>;,00-0*'%*,%4*)-5,4K
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&,94*@404*')5-O,(40)'*@404*@'0O4%';'0*4*@')40*2'*5>2>*'%*(4*)-5,4;-R%3*
;'%5040)'*'%*(>*Z,'*')51*>;,00-'%2>3*4;'@540*(>)*)'%5-O-'%5>)*\*')@'040*4*
Z,'*2-)O-%,\4%*\*4*4@0'%2'0*4*5'%'0*;-'05>*;>%50>(*-%;(,)>*)-*),;'2'*(>*
@'>0*b'H&H*Si comienzas a sentirse nervioso o alterado o estresado, haz una
pausa y respira profundamente; Valora el estrs en una escala de 0 a 10 y
fjate como cambia, Trata de centrarte en lo que puedes hacer para mantenerte en la situacin o para reducir el malestar, Reljate y ve despacio,
No trates de eliminar el estrs totalmente, trata simplemente de reducirlo
y mantenerlo en unos niveles aceptables, etcHfH
427

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

LH Valoracin de los esfuerzos de afrontamiento. Y4)*4,5>-%)50,;;->%')*d4%*2'*

@'0O-5-0*']4(,40*(>*Z,'*0'4(O'%5'*('*4\,2R*\*(>*Z,'*%>3*'%*Z,D*%-]'(*@,2>*
@>%'0*'%*O40;d4*(4)*')5045'&-4)*'%50'%424)3*(4*,5-(-242*2'*(4)*')5045'&-4)*,5-K
(-.424)* @404* 4P0>%540* '(* ')50')>03* 0';>%>;'0* \* ]4(>040* (>)* 4]4%;')* 4,%Z,'*
)'4%*@'Z,'c>)3*0'P>0.40)'*\*P'(-;-540)'*@>0*'(*-%5'%5>*b'H&H*No ha sido tan
malo como esperaba, he afrontado la situacin bastante bien con la estrategia utilizada, creo que he progresado en el abordaje del problema, aunque
s que todava puedo mejorar, lo he hecho bastante bien, etcHfH
b. Estrategias de control de la activacin emocional
`%* &'%'04(3* )'* ),'('* '%)'c40* 4* (>)* @4;-'%5')* 2-P'0'%5')* 5D;%-;4)* 2'* 0'(4_4;-R%3*
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4*2'5';540*4(&,%>)*2'*(>)*-%2-;->)*Z,'*@0';'2'%*4(*-%;0'O'%5>*2'*(4*4;5-]4;-R%*;>%*
4*@0>2,;-0)'H*h4O7-D%*')*-O@>054%5'*'%50'%40*4(*;(-'%5'*'%*'(*,)>*2'*5D;%-;4)*2'*0'(4K
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>*@'0)>%4)*;,\>*')50')>0*')*'(*2>(>0fH*
c. Estrategias conductuales
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'%50'%4%*5D;%-;4)*0'(4;->%424)*;>%*d17-5>)*2'*')5,2->3*O>2'(42>3*'^@>)-;-R%*&04K
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2'%* 4* 4(-]-40(>3* @>0* '_'O@(>3* '(-O-%40* >* -O@(4%540* d17-5>)3* 0'4(-.40* 2'5'0O-%42>)*
'_'0;-;->)3*'5;H
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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

`(* '%50'%4O-'%5>* '%* d47-(-242')* ;>%2,;5,4(')* ),@>%'3* @>0* 54%5>3* '(* 4%1(-)-)* \*
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d. Habilidades de afrontamiento paliativo

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429

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M ngeles Ruiz, Marta Isabel Daz y Arabella Villalobos

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Z,'*')4*)-5,4;-R%*>*O4(')540*jams*5'0O-%401*\*Z,'*%>*)'*5-'%'%*(>)*0';,0)>)*
Contacto con personas en situacin similarH*a50>*@0>;'2-O-'%5>*@404*4\,K
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3.4. Estudios de eficacia del Entrenamiento en Inoculacin de Estrs

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4.3.2.1. Fases del entrenamiento en solucin de problemas
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Orientacin hacia el problema

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Definicin y formulacin del problema
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Generacin de alternativas de solucin

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Toma de decisiones
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Z,'*@,'2'%*5'%'0)'*'%*;,'%54*\*Z,'*@,'2'%*2'5'0O-%40*'%*4(&,%>)*;4)>)*(4*'(';K
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La idea es prctica y se puede llevar a cabo?
Es realista? o Es muy costosa?
Cunto tiempo requiere?
Puede ser implementada por ti o requiere que otras personas se impliquen?
Las consecuencias que se anticipan de su puesta en prctica llevan a resolver el problema?
Implementacin de la solucin y verificacin
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4.3.3. Pautas generales y consideraciones clnicas
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