Word that shows action or state of being

Run, swim, jump, be, appear, seem, feel

There are numerous verb tenses:
Present tense, past tense, future tense,
present perfect tense, past perfect tense,
future perfect tense, present progressive,
past progressive, future progressive, present
perfect progressive, past perfect
progressive, future perfect progressive,
emphatic

Present action
I want to eat pizza right now.

Action that happens over and over

I eat pizza almost every day.

Scientific facts and other things that are

always true (literature included)
Eating twenty-five pizzas a day is not good
for you.

Less dynamic
Downplays or ignores doer of action

The ball was hit and a run was scored. The

score was kept and eventually the game
was won. Strong emotions were felt by
the fans and much applause was heard.

The doer of action is unimportant or

unknown
School is canceled today! (Who cares who
canceled it?)

You want to be polite or avoid sounding

bossy
Your application was rejected.

You want to emphasize that thing youre

talking about more than the person
performing the action
This big blue ribbon will be given to the
winner.

You are writing in an impersonal,

scientific manner
The mice were separated into two groups.

As a chiropractor I constantly remind

people that a good nights rest is one of
the most important and often overlooked
aspects of health.
As a chiropractor I constantly remind
people that a good nights rest is one of
the most important and often overlooked
aspects of health.

As a chiropractor I constantly remind

people that a good nights rest provides
one of the most important and often
overlooked aspects of health.

As a chiropractor I constantly remind

people of the importance of a good
nights rest as an overlooked aspect of
health.

Word used to show a relationship

between noun/pronoun and another
word in the sentence
Tell us something about where something is,
when something happens, shows some other
type of relationship between two things

About, above, after, around, at, before,

beneath, between, by, down, for, from, in
inside, of, off, on, opposite, since,
through, throughout, to, underneath, up,
with, without

Change words to not end in

preposition...if it sounds normal...if not,
rewrite the sentence completely
A senator is someone most people look up
to.
A senator is someone to whom most
people upwardly look.
Most people look up to a senator.

Notice the ease Harley hits the ball with.

Notice the ease with which Hartley hits the
ball.

Circle all verbs to ensure that none of the

verbs shift. Make sure there arent too
many Be verbs.
Look at the word before each end
punctuation (period, question mark,
exclamation point) to ensure that it is not
a preposition.

What is a pronoun?
Substitutes a noun
He, she, it, her, him, they, we, us, them
What is an antecedent?
Noun or pronoun that a pronoun refers to
Isabela gave her dog its bath.
Zack gave his sister her doll.

Do not use plural pronouns to refer to singular

antecedents
Runners must train rigorously if he or she
wants to excel.
A medical student must study hard if they
want to succeed.
The recruiter may tell the truth, but there is
much that they choose not to tell.

The pronoun almost always refers to the noun

closest to it.
It was pitch dark and my cat was still outdoors. I
grabbed my flashlight to begin the search
and listened for its purr.
What is purring?
The flashlight
It was pitch dark and my cat was still outdoors. I
grabbed my flashlight to begin the search
and listened for Magics purr.

The pronoun almost always refers to the noun

closest to it.
While driving it at 200 mph around the North
Pole, Santa swerved to avoid hitting an elf
and landed his sleigh in a snowdrift.
What is it?
We dont know until the end of the sentence.
While Santa was driving his sleigh at 200 mph
around the North Pole, he swerved to avoid
hitting an elf and landed in a snowdrift.

The pronoun almost always refers to the noun

closest to it.
Ive been to Canada, and I like them because
they are very kind to Americans.
Who are they?
Ive been to Canada, and I like the Canadians
because they are very kind to Americans.

Compound subjects joined by and always take

a plural referent.
Jones and Smith made their presentation.
With compound subjects joined by or/nor, the
referent pronoun agrees with the antecedent
closer to the pronoun.
Neither the director nor the actors did their jobs.
Neither the actors nor the director did his or her
job.

Collective nouns (group, jury, crowd, team,

etc.) may be singular or plural, depending on
meaning
The jury read its verdict.
The jury is acting as one unit.
The jury members gave their opinions.
The jury members are acting as twelve
individuals.

Indefinite pronouns are singular (anybody, anyone,

anything, each, either, everybody, everyone,
everything, neither, nobody, no one, nothing,
somebody, someone, something)
When someone has been drinking, they are likely
to speed.
When someone has been drinking, he or she is
likely to speed.
When drivers have been drinking, they are likely to
speed.
A driver who has been drinking is likely to speed.

People are who/whose

Things are which/that

She is a person that likes pie.

She is a person who likes pie.
There is the dog who ate my pie.
There is the dog that ate my pie.

Highlight all pronouns. Circle each

pronouns antecedent. Check to ensure
that they align in singularity and plurality.
If an antecedent can not be found,
create one.

With the belief of a flawed human body comes the

destiny of suffering and cancer. This approach to
health takes on a defensive rather than an offensive
stance. If you believe that more pink solves our
countries cancer epidemic you choose to participate
in this flawed thinking. Here lies the problem with pink
it represents all things incorrect with allopathic
western medicine and the theory that you will get
cancer, no action can change it so find it early
keep your fingers crossed and hope for the best. The
majority of money outside of marketing and huge
salaries for their top personnel (I bet their checks are
even pink) goes to early detection of cancer with
mammograms and treatment with drugs and surgery.

With the belief of a flawed human body comes the

destiny of suffering and cancer. This approach to
health takes on a defensive rather than an offensive
stance. If you believe that more pink solves our
countries cancer epidemic you choose to participate
in this flawed thinking. Here lies the problem with pink
it represents all things incorrect with allopathic
western medicine and the theory that you will get
cancer, no action can change it so find it early
keep your fingers crossed and hope for the best. The
majority of money outside of marketing and huge
salaries for their top personnel (I bet their checks are
even pink) goes to early detection of cancer with
mammograms and treatment with drugs and surgery.

With the belief of a flawed human body comes the

destiny of suffering and cancer. This approach to
health takes on a defensive rather than an offensive
stance. If people believe that more pink solves the
countrys cancer epidemic they choose to
participate in this flawed thinking. Here lies the
problem with pink it represents all things incorrect
with allopathic western medicine and the theory that
people will get cancer, no action can change the
contraction of disease so find it early. People should
keep their fingers crossed and hope for the best. The
majority of money outside of marketing and huge
salaries for the companys top personnel goes to
early detection of cancer with mammograms and
treatment with drugs and surgery.

With the belief of a flawed human body comes the

destiny of suffering and cancer. This approach to
health takes on a defensive rather than an offensive
stance. If one believes that more pink solves this
countries cancer epidemic one chooses to
participate in this flawed thinking. Here lies the
problem with pink it represents all things incorrect
with allopathic western medicine and the theory that
everyone will get cancer, no action can change it
so find it early keep his or her fingers crossed and
hope for the best. The majority of money outside of
marketing and huge salaries for the companys top
personnel (Dr. Alex bets the top personels checks
are even pink) goes to early detection of cancer with
mammograms and treatment with drugs and surgery.

Write a 3 paragraphs about what you

learned from this Powerpoint about
verbs, prepositions, and pronouns.
Read Chapter 8 Narration (pgs. 141-157)