Remember: Odd numbers can NOT be divided evenly into groups of two.

The number five can

be divided into two groups of two and one group of one. Even numbers always end with a digit of
0, 2, 4, 6 or 8. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 are even numbers.
I. Song and attendance while waiting for the others
II. Introduce the place value.
Study the place value chart below. See how the numbers are written.
Thousands
Hundred
Ten
Thousand
Hundreds
Thousands
Thousand
a
1
0
0
b
5
6
4
c
1
2
0
8
We read and write the numbers on the chart as follows.
Standard Form
a. 10,000
b. 56,438
c. 124,875

Units
Tens

Ones

0
3
7

0
8
5

Number Words
ten thousand
fifty six thousand, four hundred thirty-eight
one hundred twenty four thousand, eight
hundred seventy five

Each digit of the numbers above has its own place value and value.
1 hundred
thousand

2 ten
thousand

Place Value
4 thousand
8 hundreds

Value
7 tens

5 ones

5
70
800
4,000
20,000
10,000

The digit 5 occupies the ones place. Its value is 5.

The digit 7 occupies the tens place. Its value is 70.
The digit 8 occupies the hundreds place. Its value is 800.
The digit 4 occupies the thousand place. Its value is 4000.
The digit 2 occupies the ten thousand place. Its value is 20,000.
The digit 1 occupies the hundred thousand place. Its value is 10,000.
Remember:
10 tens= 100; 10 hundreds = 1,000
Ones, tens, hundreds and thousands are called places.
The value of a digit depends on its place in the numeral.

Expressing numbers in Expanded Notation.

Consider the number 124. Now lets break the numbers as for the place value in words, so the
1st digit is in the hundreds place so it can be written as 1 hundred (100) the next number is 2
which is in the tenth place so it can be written as 2 tens (20) the next number is 4 which is in the
ones digit so it can be written as 6 ones.
Compact Form
Can you guess the number which is expressed in expanded form. It is very simple to identify the
numbers, just write the first digit of the expanded numbers. The first expanded number is 700 so

write down the digit 7, the 2nd expanded number is 20 write down the digit 2, the 3rd expanded
number is 4 so we write 4 as it is.
Comparing
Animals are born a certain number of days of development in the womb of their mothers.
We call this gestation period.
It takes about 650 days for a baby elephant to be born.
It takes about 340 days for a baby horse to be born.
Which baby animals has a greater number of days in the womb of its mother before its
finally born?
Compare 650 and 340
Hundreds
Tens
Ones
6
5
0
3
4
0
Which has the greater hundreds? Which has the lesser hundreds?
Since 650 has greater hundreds, we say that 650 is greater than 340
Remember:
We use the symbol >, <, and = to compare two numbers
We use > if the first number is greater than the second
We use < if the first number is less than the second
We use = if two numbers have the save value
Now how do we write 650 greater than 340? (650>340)
The baby elephant has the greater number of days in the womb of its mother before its
finally born
Ordering Numbers
Look at the chart below and find out how long it takes for baby animals to grow and
develop inside the womb of its mother before they are born.
Numbers can be arranged from least to greatest or from greatest to least.
Which baby animal has the least number of days in the womb of its mother before it is
born?
Which one has the greatest number of days?
Arrange the numbers from least to greatest.

Rounding Off Numbers

Numbers can be rounded off by using rules
1. Round off 78 to the nearest ten.
78

80
Digit to be rounded is 7.
8 is more than 5, so add 1 to the digit in the tens place. Change 8 to 0.

Therefore, 78 when rounded off to the nearest ten is 80.

2. Round off 142 to the nearest ten.
142

140
Digit to be rounded is 4.
2 is less than 5, so do not change the tens digit. Change 2 to 0

Remember: RULES IN ROUNDING OFF NUMBERS

Find the digit in the place to be rounded. Then look at the digits to its right.

 If the digit to the right is less than 5, do not change the digit being rounded. Change
the digits to its right to zeros.
If the digit to the right is 5 or more, add 1 to the digit being rounded cange the
digits to its right to zeros.
ROMAN NUMERALS
The wall clock face has numbers written in Roman numerals. The use of the Roman
numerals started by the Romans. They use letters to write their numerals. These letters are I,
V, X, L, C, D, and M. Each of these letters has an equivalent value in Hindu-Arabic Numerals.
Study the following
Roman Numerals
I
X
C
M
V
L
D

Hindu-Arabic
Numerals
1
10
100
1,000
5
50
500

Remember:

The system does not use place value. It does not have a symbol for zero.
The letters I, X, C, and M, can be repeated up to three times only. The letter V, L, and D
can be used only once.
Add the values if the letter of smaller value is written at the right of another letter
VII = 5 + 1 + 1 = 7
XVI = 10 + 5 +1 = 6
CLXII = 100 + 50 + 10 + 1 + 1 = 162
Subtract the value if the letter of a smaller value is written at the left of another letter
IX = 10 1 = 9
XL = 100 10 = 90
XC = 50 10 = 40
LXIV = 50 + 10 + ( 5 1 ) = 64
CXL = 100 + ( 50 10 ) = 140

A Cardinal Number is a number that says how many of something there are, such as one, two,
three, four, five.
An Ordinal Number is a number that tells the position of something in a list, such as 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th etc.