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Carbuncles
Erysipelas
Acute, tender,
inflammatory
nodules
30mm diameter
Cluster of boils
M>F
Fever
A cellulitis
Infections
Bacterial infections
Staphylococci infection
Breast, butt, neck, face
Staphylocci infection
Neck
Beta haemolytic
streptococcus (group A)
Malaise, fever
Erythrasma
Superficial skin
infection
Limbs, face
Bacteria
(Corynebacterium
minutissimum)
Common in DM
Folliculitis
Bacterial infection
of hair follicles
Between toes
Staph aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Impetigo
Contagious
superficial
inflammatory
disease
Predisposing:
infected nose/ears;
dirty nails/towels;
scabies; eczema
Widespread skin
infection
Infants, young
children,
immunosuppresse
d
Chicken pox
Erythema infectiosum
(slapped cheek disease;
fifth disease)
Herpes simples
infections
Measles (rubeola,
morbilli)
Incubation: 24-21d
Communicability: 1-2d
before rash all lesions
have crusted
Transmission: (direct)
P-P, droplets, airborne.
(indirectly) discharge of
vesicles and mucous
membranes)
Incubation: 4-20d
Communicability: up to
when rash appears
Transmission: contact
(respiratory secretions
like cough + mother to
baby)
Cold sores
Incubation: 2-20d
Communicability:
maximum
communication in the
first few days of onset
Transmission: carrier in
latent form. Contact with
vesicles, saliva
Incubation: 10d till
fever, 14d till rash
appears
Communicability: from
beginning of s+s till 4d
after rash appears
Fever (sudden)
Minimal sign S+S eruptions
maculopapular (few hrs)
vesicular (3-4d) granular
scab
Varicella virus vaccine (live)
Asymptomatic
Flu-like, mild fever, headache,
myalgia, chills, rash on cheeks
Infection in utero: severe
anaemia, abortion (<5% of
women infected during
pregnany)
Initial: systemic in distribution
Recurrent: 1 2 3
Vesicles:
- Various sizes
- On an erythematous
base
- Later rupture and form a
crust
Fever, conjunctivitis, coryza
(rhinitis), cough
Haemorrhagic measles, mouth
sores, protein losing
enteropathy, dehydration,
Pityriasis rosea
Warts
Dermatophytosi
s
Transmission: droplets,
direct contact (nasal or
throat secretions)
Common, contagious,
benign lesions from
epithelial cells often
muliple
Tinea or ringworm
Mycotic diseases of keratinized
areas of body
Hyperkeratosis, acanthosis,
papillomatosis
Filiform: neck (middle aged
females), beard (men)
Accuminate wart (condylomata
accuminata): mucocuaneous
areas (esp genital); soft, fleshy,
cauliflower like vegetate +
malodourous
Fungi dermatophytes
Tinea capitis (scalp, beard) - hair
Reservoir: man, animal (dogs, cats, cattle)
Transmission: skin-skin, seats, slippers, toilet, clothes
Occurrence: common
Incubation: 10-14 days
Communicability: as long as lesions are present and viable reinfection
rarely occurs
CF: onset gradual; begins (small papule spread peripherally scaly
patches temporary baldness); infected hairs brittle, occ raised
lesions (kerions); spread to eyelids, neck, trunk
Tinea corporis & Tinea cruris (body & groin and perianal
Paronychia
(whitlow)
Pityriasis
versicolour
Pediculosis
hook worm
A parasite,
pruritic skin
infestation
Lice
Transmission:
direct, clothes,
linen, combs,
sexually
Acute: staph.aureus,
candida albicans, proteus
sp, pseudomonas sp
- Break in the
epitherlium
Chronic: mixed bacteria
and fungi (e.g. candida
albicans (prolonged
periods of contact with
water high risk)
Fungal infection
region)
RE: man, animals, soil
TRANS: direct and indirect (ppl, animals, floors, showers, benches)
OCC: worldwide and frequent
INC: 4-10 days
COMM: as long as lesions are present
SUSC: axilla and inguinal regions (friction and sweating), high
temperature and humidity
CF: flat, spreading, ring shaped lesions; periphery is red, vesicular or
pustular, dry, scaly OR moist and crusted; often clears normal skin
Scabies
Parasitic
infestation of
skin severe
pruritis (worse at
night)
Albinism
Rare inherited disorder
melanocytes are present BUT do not
make melanin!
Autosomal recessive inherited
disorder
Pale skin, white hair, pink eyes
sunburn easily prone to skin
cancers
Acne rosacea
Acne vulgaris
Alopecia
Hypertrichiosis
glands)
Loss of hair (complete or
partial)
(hirsutism)
Milia (whiteheads)
Post-menopausal, drugs
Accumulation of sebaceous
Firm, non-tender (unless 2nd
material under skin
infection), if punctured/ruptured
cyst or wen)
CF: slow growing, globular
(greasy, cream, yellow, malodourous)
cysts
Disorders related to sweat glands
Hyperhidrosis
Miliaria (prickly heat)
Overactivity of sweat glands excessive
Acute, pruritic, inflamm skin disorder retention of sweat
perspiration
Excess environmental temp and humidity swelling of horny layer of
Generalised or local (axilla, groin, palms,
epidermis sweat is unable to reach skin irritation of epidermis
soles, under breasts)
and/or dermis pruritis or prickly feeling
DUE TO: psychogenic, some skin diseases, Irritation or itchy skin
fever, hyperthyroidism, CNS disorder
Lesions: vary in size, minute, superficial, transparent or red BUT may be
(rare)
deeper, larger, and painful
CF: moist skin, skin discolouration,
Areas of high conc of sweat glands most commonly affected
malodorous
Sebaceous
cysts (keratinous
Angiomas
Basal cell
carcinoma
Dermatofibrom
a
Dysplastic
naevi
Kaposis
sarcoma
Hypertrophied scar
Keratoacantho
ma
Lipomas
Melanocytic
naevi (moles)
Melanoma
Unknown
Familial tendency
Common: legs
(rare)
Pagets disease
of the nipple
Pyogenic
granuloma
Unknown
Seborrheic
warts
(seborrheic
keratosis)
Corn
Dermatitis
herpetifor
mis
Keratosis
pilaris
Metatarsophalangeal and
interphalangeal joints of feet,
between toes
Gluten sensitive enteropathy (IgA)
Unknown
Pemphigus
Pressure
sores
(bedsores =
trophic ulcers
= decubitus
ulcers)
Solar
keratosis
(actinic
keratosis)
Icthyosis
Psoriasis