CL

- FREE -

Compassionate Living
Go ahead, take it.

THE MAG OF MFA. SUMMER/FALL 2008 ISSUE 3

HANDLED
WITHOUT
CARE
Undercover at a
California Factory
Egg Farm

+
Striking
at the
Roots
Mounting
An Exclusive
Interview with
Mark Hawthorn
Momentum
Tantalizing Veganism Goes

Treats
Mainstream

Mouthwatering
Veg Recipes

MercyForAnimals.org

dearfriends
Greetings! This issue of CL is
filled with uplifting, inspiring, and downright
enjoyable cruelty-free lifestyle tips and thought-
provoking info. These pages are packed with
recipes for tantalizing treats, an inspiring
interview with Striking at the Roots author Mark
Hawthorn, and answers to your vegan health
questions by resident dietitian Anya Todd.
In our cover story, you will join a Mercy For
Animals undercover investigator as he goes
down the cage aisles of one of the nation’s
largest egg producers. Through his daily diary
entries and images taken with hidden camera,
you will get an eye-opening tour of an egg
megafarm — where the true cost of producing
cheap eggs becomes painfully clear.
As this story yet again illustrates, each time
we send investigators into factory farms or
slaughterhouses they emerge with heartbreaking
evidence of egregious cruelty. Far from being
the bad apples of the industry, such appalling
conditions are standard practice. Current
farming systems view and treat animals as mere
cogs in an out-of-control industrial machine,
driven by the bottom line of increasing profits.
When corporate representatives from the
nation’s agribusiness industries look at cows,
pigs, and chickens they see preprocessed
products - mere meat, egg and dairy producing
machines.
When we look into the eyes of animals we
see individuals with their own personalities,
needs, interests, stories, families, and desires.
Quite simply, “modern” farmers’ outdated,
callous, and convenience-motivated view of
animals — which enables such abuse to occur
— is simply out of step with those held by the
majority of Americans.
Mindy Mallet, a life-long animal protector and
founder of Sunrise Sanctuary, a safe haven for
abused and abandoned farmed animals, knows
all too well that lifelong bonds and friendships
2 I COMPASSIONATE LIVING I MercyForAnimals.org
CL
are not unique to the human species. Among
the many residents at Mindy’s sanctuary is a
rescued duck named Wuddles and his best
friend Onyx, a chicken. Since the first day
Wuddles and Onyx met they have been a
bonded pair. Spending nearly every moment
together, Wuddles and Onyx sleep, eat, drink,
play, and enjoy their afternoons and evenings
Contributors
side-by-side. Where you see Wuddles, Onyx is
not far behind.
Though it might be an inconvenient truth,
all animals — not just those society views as
companions, cute, or intriguing — experience
the joys and pains of life. Great or small,
endangered or abundant, purebreds or “mutts,”
useful or “nuisances” — no matter how similar
or different from us they might be — each
animal deserves to live his or her life free of
cruelty and exploitation.
Through the barrier-breaking work of
animal behaviorists and ethologists such as
Jane Goodall, Marc Beckoff, and Jonathan
Balcombe, we are only now beginning to gain
a more meaningful view of the world through
the eyes of our fellow earthlings. And as our
societal understanding and respect for animals
grows, so too does our moral responsibility to
protect them. We must begin to bring our daily
actions into line with the nearly universal values
we all share, such as the Golden Rule — treat
others as you’d like to be treated.
As Harriet Beecher Stowe once proclaimed,
“It’s a matter of taking the side of the weak
against the strong, something the best people
have always done.” Choosing to honor and
respect animals by embracing a vegetarian
lifestyle is not only a powerful boycott of cruel
and exploitive industries, but also a statement of
ethics, justice, and liberation for the oppressed.
Thankfully, recent years have yielded
unprecedented growth in the vegetarian market
— yet another sign of society’s evolution
toward a more peaceful and enlightened time.
Industries that profit from the blood and fear
of animals are running on borrowed time. As
a growing number of Americans awaken to the
cruel truth lurking behind every burger, hot
dog, nugget, and omelet, we stride closer and
closer to the day when all beings are treated
with the respect and dignity they so rightly
deserve.
Nathan Runkle
Executive Director
Compassionate Living
Derek Coons
Maureen Jacob
Sangeeta Kumar
Amy MacKenzie
Brooke Mays
Nathan Runkle
Priya Shanker
Anya Todd R.D.
Freeman Wicklund
Mercy For Animals (MFA) is
a 501(c)(3) non-profit animal
advocacy organization that
believes non-human animals are
irreplaceable individuals who have
morally significant interests and
hence rights, including the right to
live free of unnecessary suffering.
MFA is dedicated to establishing
and defending the rights of all
animals.
Given that over 97% of animal
cruelty occurs in the production of
meat, dairy, and eggs, MFA’s main
function is promoting a vegetarian
diet. MFA works to be a voice for
animals through public education
and advertisement campaigns,
research and investigations, working
with news media, and grassroots
activism.
MFA relies on the generous support
of compassionate individuals to
carry on our life-saving work. To
become a member, simply send a
contribution of $15 to:
Mercy For Animals
3712 N. Broadway, Ste. 560
Chicago, IL 60613
1-866-632-6446
Info@MercyForAnimals.org
Thank you for your commitment to
making the world a kinder and more
compassionate place for all beings.
newswatch
Want Some Chicken With that Arsenic?
A chicken feed additive containing arsenic and used meat, does the same in human cell lines — a critical first
to produce pinker, bigger-breasted birds could cause step in many human diseases, including cancer.
human disease, according to a study headed by a
Duquesne University researcher. Although the effect of roxarsone on those who eat chicken
is still undetermined, Dr. Basu said, chicken-farm workers
The study is the first to link a human health risk to are likely at risk because they could inhale dust containing
the feed additive that has been widely used since the arsenic from feed and waste. About 70% of the 9 billion
1960s by commercial chicken producers. chickens raised annually nationwide eat feed containing the
additive, which also is used in turkey and pig feed.
Dr. Partha Basu, the study’s lead author, said
laboratory analysis revealed that the antibiotic arsenic Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic has been linked
compound roxarsone, which promotes the growth of to cancer, heart disease, diabetes and declines in brain
blood vessels in chickens to produce pinker functions.
Which Came First? The Chicken or
the Infected Poultry Worker?
Not only do consumers have to be concerned with the
possibility that all those chickens and turkeys they eat
might be contaminated, but also if poultry are spreading
an antibiotic-resistant E. coli strain to workers. You Don’t Want to Get to the Head
of this Class
U.S. poultry workers are 32 times more likely to carry E.
coli bacteria resistant to the commonly used antibiotic, According to a recent investigation there’s a new subclass emerging in
gentamicin, than others outside the poultry industry, the Carolinas: a disturbing subclass of Latino workers with few, if any,
according to a recent study conducted by researchers at rights.
the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
A team of reporters and editors from The Charlotte Observer spent
Researchers note that as food animal production shifted 22 months interviewing more than 200 poultry workers throughout
from the independent farmer to large-scale, industrialized the Southeast and analyzing industry documents. Their investigation
soon led them to focus on one of the largest Carolinas-based poultry
operations, the use of antimicrobials in feeds intended
to stimulate growth has increased. Currently 16 different producers, House of Raeford.
antimicrobial drugs are approved for use in U.S. poultry
production with gentamicin reported to be the most According to the investigative series titled “The Cruelest Cuts: The
widely used. Human Cost of Bringing Poultry to Your Table,” journalists focused
largely on workplace conditions at the House of Raeford and found
While drug-resistant bacteria, such as E. coli, are common its plants have been cited for 130 serious workplace violations since
2000. Slaughterhouse workers’ requests for medical care for serious
in the industrial broiler chicken environment, this is the
injuries such as broken bones and carpal tunnel syndrome were often
first U.S. research to show exposure occurring at a high
level among industrial poultry workers. dismissed by the plant because it would cost the company money.
Illegal immigrants often take the least desirable jobs, earning low
wages, because those jobs lift them and their families from the poverty
they left behind in their homelands. As a group, they are forced by
circumstances to be compliant, ever-conscious that one complaint
could lead to their firing, arrest, or deportation.
More Tofu Please! Products such as tofu, soy beverages, tortillas
That’s one of the new food products being offered and brown rice are being offered as alternatives
under a major overhaul of the Women, Infants and to meet the demands of more culturally diverse
Children program. But primarily, the Agriculture populations.
Department wants more fruits, vegetables and whole
grains on the plates of poor women and children, and Anti-hunger advocates praised the changes. Jim
less milk, cheese, and eggs. Weill, president of the Food Research and Action
Center, said the increased number of vegan food
The Department calls the change the first major options will reduce obesity and “help nutritionally
vulnerable children form healthy eating habits
revision of the program in 30 years. The program
serves about eight million people. from an early age.”
 ( Growing
meetmfa
Green
Activist spotlight: Heather Patrick
Vegetarian since: Birth
Position with MFA: Chicago Campaign Director
Hometown: Avella, PA
Email: HeatherP@MercyForAnimals.org
Favorite quote: “The animals of the world exist for their own
reasons. They were not made for humans any more than black
people were made for white or women created for men.”
- Alice Walker
A
ctive in the animal advocacy community for more
than ten years, MFA’s Chicago Campaign Director,
Heather Patrick, is a compassionate, experienced and
committed friend to animals.
Heather has witnessed, documented and exposed cruelty to
farmed animals through investigative work at stockyards
and slaughterhouses. As an intern at numerous farmed
animal sanctuaries, Heather assisted with medical care,
recovery, and rehabilitation of cows, pigs, and chickens.
Heather’s personal interaction with rescued farmed animals
has strengthened her understanding, appreciation and
commitment to protecting these often overlooked creatures.
As MFA’s Chicago Campaign Director, Heather works closely
with members, activists, news media, educators, and
businesses in the Windy City to further MFA’s mission.
CL: What inspired you to become a vegan?
HP: I was raised a vegetarian in the heart of Pennsylvania
beef and dairy country, yet I had never heard the word
“vegan” and didn’t know that factory farming or other large-
scale abuse of animals was happening. I learned of the
ethical implications of our modern agricultural system and the
health and environmental benefits of a vegan lifestyle from
reading Diet for a New America by John Robbins in my teens.
I’ve never looked back.
4 I COMPASSIONATE LIVING I MercyForAnimals.org
up
CL: You have done investigative work at stockyards
and slaughterhouses. How did you become involved
in this work?
HP: I had read how animals are treated behind the
scenes in meat, dairy, and egg production, but I decided
I needed to see it for myself. I will never forget the
deplorable conditions that the chickens were subject to,
nor the look in the cows’ eyes as they awaited slaughter.
CL: You have worked at several farmed animal
sanctuaries. Why did you choose to do this work?
HP: I grew up on a kind of animal sanctuary. We always
had lots of chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons, rabbits,
dogs, cats, and were often rehabilitating an occasional
wild bird, or, my favorite, raccoons! So I’ve always loved
being around animals and sanctuary work has been
some of the most rewarding work I’ve ever done.
CL: What are your immediate goals as MFA’s new
Chicago Campaign Director? How is the AR climate in
Chicago versus the other cities where you’ve lived?
HP: I am excited about the Veg Illinois campaign
— working with restaurants around Chicago to provide
more vegan options. I enjoy doing humane education
work, and am thrilled with all the on-the-streets work
conducted this summer — feed-ins, festivals, protests,
and leafleting! Chicago has a dedicated and tight-knit
community of activists and the city has a lot of potential.
CL: Do you have any advice for others who might be
interested in becoming involved in AR activism?
HP: You may not be in a position to be a full-time
activist, but just know that every small act has the
potential to spare an animal’s life — a thoughtful word
here, an hour of volunteer work there, a conversation
among friends — a single voice of opposition does its
part to end injustice!
(
I will never forget the
deplorable conditions that
the chickens were subject
to, nor the look in the
cows’ eyes as they awaited
slaughter.
Total Recall actionreport
In February, MFA activists held eye-catching public demonstrations following the
largest beef recall in US history. An undercover investigation of a Westland/
Hallmark Meat Co. slaughterhouse in California revealed that “downed” cows,
too injured or ill to stand, were tortured into struggling to their feet so they could
pass USDA inspection. Meat from downed cows is more likely to be infected with
E. coli, salmonella and mad cow disease. The largest beef recall in US history
included nearly 40 million pounds of meat sent to school lunch programs.
Donning biohazard suits, rubber gloves and face protection masks, MFA
demonstrators urged Chicago Public School officials to prevent animal cruelty
and protect students’ health by adding more vegetarian options to school lunch
menus. In Ohio, MFA activists held a similar demo at the annual Ohio Beef Expo.
MercyForAnimals.org/Beef-Recall-Demo
Veganizing the Web
Veggie travelers and residents of the Garden and
Keystone states can breath a sigh of relief thanks
to two new MFA-supported websites. The launch
of VegNJ.com and VegPA.net offers consumers
resources that make going and staying vegan a
breeze. VegPA.net, a joint project with the Humane
League of Philadelphia, lists over 300 restaurants
and grocery stores in over 60 cities. VegNJ.com,
produced in collaboration with New Jersey Animal
Rights Alliance, lists close to 400 establishments in
Foie Gras Foes over 115 cities. Both are user-friendly and feature
detailed descriptions of available meatless options,
as well as price ranges and business hours.
In May, Chicago activists held a
candlelight vigil to mourn the foie gras MFA’s sizzling new ChooseVegBlog.com website is
ban, repealed by Chicago City Council on vegan cooking with a kick. Hosted by the cruelty-free
kitchen warrior, Sangeeta Kumar, ChooseVegBlog.com
May 14th. French for “fatty liver,” foie
offers a supportive cyber environment for everyone,
gras is produced by shoving a metal pipe
whether they are longtime vegans or just beginning to
down the throats of ducks and geese to
explore a plant-based diet. Updated regularly, the
force-feed them in order to enlarge their
blog features recipes, cooking tips, profiles of vegan
livers to 10 times the normal size. Holding
products, and mouthwatering photos. Sangeeta’s
signs depicting ducks having metal rods
jammed down their throats, demonstrators candid commentary and passion for cooking are
bound to get readers excited about vegan food!
urged Chicagoans to reject cruelty to
animals by refusing to eat the “delicacy.”
VegNJ.com
VegPA.net
MercyForAnimals.org/Foie-Gras-Vigil ChooseVegBlog.com
Chew on This
In July, MFA launched over 600 provocative pro-vegetarian ads on the
Chicago Transit Authority’s bus and subway systems. The ads reveal images
HOW MUCH CRUELTY of abused cows, pigs and chickens confined to tiny cages on factory farms,
CAN YOU SWALLOW ? and asks riders, “How much cruelty can you swallow?”
Before being turned into burgers, hot dogs, and nuggets, farm
animals suffer painful mutilations, extreme confinement, cruel
The ads read, “Before being turned into burgers, hot dogs, and nuggets,
Order your FREE Vegetarian
handling, and violent deaths. Starter Kit today at:
1.866.VEG.TIPS
>> Choose Compassion. Choose Vegetarian. ChooseVeg.com
farm animals suffer painful mutilations, extreme confinement, cruel
handling, and violent deaths.”
HOW MUCH CRUELTY
CAN YOU SWALLOW ? The campaign ran for two months – with the ads being viewed over 35
Before being turned into burgers, hot dogs, and nuggets, farm
animals suffer painful mutilations, extreme confinement, cruel
handling, and violent deaths.
>> Choose Compassion. Choose Vegetarian.
Order your FREE Vegetarian
Starter Kit today at:
1.866.VEG.TIPS
ChooseVeg.com
million times.
MercyForAnimals.org/CTA-Veg-Ads
Summer/Fall 08 I ChooseVeg.com
| veganhealth
AskAnya
Anya Todd is a vegan
registered and licensed
dietitian who graduated
from Case Western Reserve
University and completed her
internship at the Cleveland
Clinic Foundation. Though
she has no plans to become
pregnant, Anya has been
known to raid the discounted
maternity clothes rack at Target
and have odd cravings for
pickles and soy ice cream.
Most pregnant women become very concerned about
weight gain. You have a baby growing inside of you.
You need to gain some weight in order to sustain
it! Weight gain recommendations vary depending
Most calcium-fortified foods are also rich in vitamin
D, so those are win-win choices for you. Folic acid
has always been a nutrient of concern for pregnant
women because it helps prevent neural tube defects
in the baby; however, a vegan who is eating plenty of
infections, allergies and risk for
diseases, such as diabetes and obesity.
whole grains, green leafy veggies, and fortified cereals
is likely getting the recommended 600 mcg per day.
Like folic acid, zinc helps in preventing birth defects
and is found in many of the same foods.
At no point in time is there a higher need for iron
than during pregnancy. Between all the blood
formation in you and your baby, iron levels need
constant replenishment. Anemia, or low blood iron,
is a condition that affects vegans and non-vegans
alike. Your health care provider will monitor your
blood iron levels throughout your pregnancy. Some
women will have to take iron supplements, which
can cause constipation. Cooking in iron skillets and
eating iron-rich foods such as legumes, green leafy
veggies, dried fruit and fortified cereals will reduce
the need for supplementation. Remember that
vitamin C-rich foods enhance iron absorption, so
adding mandarin oranges to your leafy salad not only
is a tasty choice, but also a smart one.
Breast-fed babies tend to have fewer
This means millions of calves are born and taken
away from their mothers every year so humans can
essentially suckle the teat of a cow. Male calves are sent
off to become veal, while female calves eventually take
the place of their mothers as milk producers. Poor
mom is usually turned into low-grade beef patties
when her milk production drops, usually around the
age of 4 years.
As with pregnancy, choosing a well-balanced diet
while breastfeeding is crucial. Daily inclusion of
vitamins D and B12 are extremely important so
they are passed onto the baby. Unfortunately, there
are no baby formulas on the market that are 100%
vegan. The soy-based ones include animal-sourced
vitamin D. Breastfeeding
can pose challenges to a
new mom. Luckily, there
are support groups that
assist new moms in the

Q:
Are there nutritional concerns
for a vegan during pregnancy?
upon your pre-pregnancy weight. If you were in a
art of breastfeeding. The
normal weight range before expecting, a 25-35 lb Proper brain development in your baby is an utmost payoff is to know you are
gain is appropriate; underweight, a 28-40 lb gain; and priority, so include daily sources of omega 3 fatty supplying your baby with

A:
Well, if you believed all the media’s
negative press with regards to a vegan
overweight, a 15-25 lb gain is ideal. To curb excessive acid-rich foods, like flax oil and walnuts, along with
his or her perfect food.
weight gain, avoid high fat, high sugar foods and opt vitamin B12, found in fortified beverages, snack bars,
for high fiber foods such as fresh produce and whole and nutritional yeast.

diet in the past few years, I could
understand your concern. The press I am referring
to involves a few cases in which parents neglected
their children by way of malnourishment and then
used their vegan diet as their defense. This led to a
widespread concern that veganism is inadequate in
meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women
and infants. However, science and proper planning
state otherwise.
HealthKick
grains.
Pregnancy can be a stressful time for mothers-to-be.
The last thing you want to do is obsess over what to
Choosing a well-varied diet with eat. Choosing a well-varied diet with emphasis on
fresh, whole foods will provide you and your baby
>> Choose whole foods. The more processed a food is, the
less nutritious it tends to be. Excessive amounts of salt and sugar
emphasis on fresh, whole foods will with the necessary nourishment. If it will put your are often found in processed foods, which can cause conditions
provide you and your baby with the mind at ease, by all means, use one of the vegan like hypertension and weight gain. Opt for brown rice instead of
necessary nourishment. prenatal vitamins that is available. white rice, or fresh pears instead of those canned in heavy syrup.

Your nutritional needs definitely increase while

carrying that little bun in the oven. For starters,
Exercise is important even when pregnant. Of course,
Q: Can I breastfeed and still
be vegan?
>> Move that body! Whether it is boxing or biking that you
enjoy, it is essential to include some form of physical activity in

you want to eat enough nutrient-dense calories to
sustain your baby’s growth. Everyone’s calorie needs
are different; however, the general consensus is that
you will need an extra 300 calories per day while
pregnant, which is not that much food. A slice of
whole-grain bread and two tablespoons of almond
butter equal 300 calories, as does an afternoon snack
of a bag of Sour Patch Kids washed down with a can
of soda — but you want the most nutritional “bang
for your buck,” so toast and almond butter it is.
Speaking of almond butter, it is also an excellent
source of protein. Surprisingly, your protein needs do
not increase substantially during pregnancy – only by
about 10 grams per day. Again, a nutrient-dense well-
varied diet that includes legumes, nuts, and whole
grains will easily meet your new protein requirement.
6 I COMPASSIONATE LIVING I MercyForAnimals.org
you should consult your health care professional to
discuss appropriate exercises before beginning a new
routine. Women who exercise while pregnant note less
constipation, more energy, and easier deliveries. No
one wants to be around a constipated grump, so take
advantage of all the fashionable maternity workout
apparel and get to the gym.
Getting back to specific nutrients, there are some
that are more important than others while pregnant.
Calcium, surprisingly, is not as much of a concern as
you would think. During pregnancy, your body’s ability
to absorb this mineral becomes more efficient. Aim
for 1,000 mg per day, which is easily obtained from
three daily servings of calcium-rich foods, including
fortified non-dairy beverages and juices, calcium
processed tofu and blackstrap molasses.
Summer/Fall 08 I ChooseVeg.com
A:
your daily routine. Exercise strengthens your heart, helps control
stress, and lowers your risk of disease.
This questions is asked more often
than I can believe. Human breast milk
>> Enjoy your food. Yes, you can have vegan cupcakes. Sure,
is nature’s perfect food for human babies, just like
eating fresh produce and organic tofu is important, but sometimes
cow’s milk is for nursing calves. Breast milk is rich
you need a big stack of vegan blueberry pancakes. Deprivation is
in vital nutrients and should be the sole source of
no way to live. Indulge and move on.
a baby’s nutrition for the first six months of life.
Breast-fed babies tend to have fewer infections,
allergies and risk for diseases, such as diabetes and >> Eat for color! Choose from all colors of the rainbow when
obesity. choosing produce. Every color is rich with varying phytochemicals
that have been linked to decreasing your risk of conditions ranging
I find it interesting that people balk at the idea of from cataracts to cancer.
breastfeeding, but have no problem drinking the
milk of another animal. Nearly 10 million dairy
>> Educate yourself. French fries and soda are vegan,
cows are enslaved in the US and live miserable lives
but they should never be the cornerstone of a diet. There is a
of constant impregnation. Remember, to produce
plethora of vegan nutrition information available. Start by visiting
milk, a baby must be born.
ChooseVeg.com for more information on maintaining a healthy
vegan lifestyle.
 coverstory
I saw a live hen, who had escaped notice
during de-population of the cages. I
pointed out the chicken to a co-worker.
He said, “I’m going to kill it.” The worker
held the hen upside down by her legs,
as he attempted to break her neck. He
then dropped the bird onto the floor. She
struggled against his boot, as he tried
to push her into the manure pit below
the lowest tier of cages. She struggled
frantically – her wings flapping violently
as he stood on her. Then the worker kicked
her into the pit. I saw her struggle
briefly in manure before sinking in.

1/19/08

HandledWithoutCare
This disturbing entry begins the diary of “Sam,” an undercover
investigator for Mercy For Animals. In early 2008, Sam
obtained employment as a maintenance person at Gemperle
Enterprises in Merced County, California. Gemperle is owned
by NuCal Foods, Inc., the largest distributor of eggs in the
Western United States and a major supplier to supermarkets
such as Safeway, Raley’s and Save Mart.
Undercover at a California Factory Egg Farm
During the two-month investigation, Sam worked side-by-side
with other employees, wired with a concealed camera. The
abuses he secretly caught on film include brutal handling, such
as slamming live birds into metal cages and gas chambers,
neglect of birds suffering from deep wounds and broken
limbs, overcrowded cages and dead hens left to rot in cages
with birds still laying eggs for human consumption.

Mercy For Animals chose to investigate a random California

supplier in order to shed light on the cruelty endured by the
state’s over 19 million battery-caged hens. A coalition of
animal advocates succeeded in gathering enough signatures
this year – over 800,000 – to place the “Prevention of Farm
Animal Cruelty Act,” commonly referred to as “Proposition
2,” on the November ballot for direct vote by Californians.
If passed, the Act would not only ban veal crates and
confinement of pigs in small metal stalls, it would make
California the first state in the nation to ban battery cages for During the two-month
MFA investigation, Sam
laying hens.

worked side-by-side with

Most of the daily cruelty Sam witnessed at Gemperle was in
accordance with industry standards. The workers at Gemperle
were simply doing their jobs as part of an inherently cruel
business – where living, feeling animals are treated as mere other employees, wired
egg-producing machines.
with a concealed camera.
Summer/Fall 08 View the hidden camera video at: MercyForAnimals.org/CAEggs
 coverstory
I spoke to a worker, who was
collecting dead chickens into a
“shopping” cart. Some of the dead
birds had large bloody or scabbed
wounds on them, and one appeared
to have a prolapsed
uterus. The worker
said that a hundred
birds die every day
here.
These birds, unable to stretch even one wing, are denied nearly every natural behavior, including nesting, dust-bathing, perching and walking.

AssaultandBattery
A laying hen’s life only begins at a hatchery, while a male
chick’s life begins and ends there. Of no value to the
egg industry, male chicks die grisly deaths when they are
tossed live into grinding machines, painfully gassed, or
suffocated under the bodies of other males as they are
heaped live into garbage dumpsters.
1/22/08
Population of battery cages is like overstuffing file
drawers. Employees typically thrust 6-8 birds into each
cage, any which way they will fit. Birds that struggle to
the top after being shoved to the bottom are shoved back
down to make room for more birds.
TheTruthaboutCageFree
Feathers and dust permeate the air, such that workers
Because birds send out alarm calls must wear face protection masks in order to breathe
Once the cages to one another, the noise reaches without coughing. The birds live in their own excrement
an excruciating level, as more and the spillover excrement from birds in the tiers above Many consumers may be led to believe that “cage-
are populated, and more birds become vocal. them. Mice are rampant and their droppings litter the free” means cruelty-free. This is simply not so.

The young hens or “pullets” are often painfully mutilated each bird is left Birds screeching by the thousands
created an environment in which
floors. The cages, feed belts and ceiling are draped in
cobwebs. Sam often found himself brushing spiders out
Most cage-free hens suffer many of the same
abuses that battery-cage hens endure, including:
before transport from the hatchery. The procedure is with less than the Sam had to yell into the ear of of his hair and off of his shoulders.
termed “de-beaking” and consists of searing off the the person next to him in order
tips of the birds’ sensitive beaks with a hot blade. De- area of this page to be heard. Countless dead birds compound the squalor. Sam often
• overcrowded sheds

to live, sleep, eat

beaking mitigates the harm caused when battery-caged
hens peck their cagemates, a behavior that arises from
the stress of overcrowding.
Jammed body-to-body in small cages, stacked seven tiers-
high, the pullets are carted from transport trucks into
the dim, concrete-floored battery “shed,” which spans
the length of two football fields. Already panicked birds
become more panicked when workers slam the carts
into one another as they load them into a cargo elevator.
Once delivered to the battery cage floor, employees
make quick work of tearing the birds from the transport
cages and cramming them into battery cages.
Once the cages are populated,
and drink for her each bird is left with less than the
area of this page to live, sleep,
entire life. eat and drink for her entire life.
These birds, unable to stretch
even one wing, are denied nearly
every natural behavior, including nesting, dust-bathing,
perching and walking.
As to the conditions inside the shed, Sam learned to
literally suppress his gag reflex, due to the heavy stench
of manure and decaying birds.
traveled down the shed aisles, collecting dead hens
from the cages and floor. He found live hens living on
top of corpses. Some birds had died entangled in cage
wires. Badly decomposed bodies were even found in the
egg receptacles, alongside eggs to be sold for human
consumption.
Not only do hens suffer with feces-caked feathers, they
incur further feather damage as a result of overcrowding.
Constant rubbing against cage wires and trampling by
cagemates cause feathers to fall out or snap at the shaft.
Some hens are left with wings rubbed raw at the joints.
• exposure to elements during transport
• lack of veterinary care
• killing after egg production declines, often
in horrific ways, such as carbon dioxide
gassing
What’s more, all hens used for commercial egg
production are born at the same hatcheries. As
male chicks do not lay eggs and are of no use to
the egg industry, these hatcheries practice “culling”
– killing of male hatchlings by suffocation, gassing

“
or grinding; therefore, if one consumes eggs, even
cage-free eggs, one contributes to the cruel deaths
Population of battery cages is like overstuffing file drawers. Employees typically thrust 6-8 birds into each cage, any which way they will fit. The handling method was extremely violent: of countless male chicks.
the workers roughly pushed the birds through
the small openings, with no apparent regard
for causing injuries. Wings, necks and legs
impeded the process, but the workers just
pushed harder, almost certainly causing
blunt trauma at the very least and possibly
fracturing bones in the more severe cases.

- Dr. Nedim C. Buyukmihci, V.M.D.

Emeritus Professor of Veterinary Medicine at the University of California, Davis
 I found a hen with dried purple skin in large patches on her right side and a
broken right wing with a bulge under her skin that kept the wing permanently up
past a forty-five degree angle. Bloody scabs covered the purple wound, and the hen
would do nothing but lie on her left side, unable to get up, stand, or walk.
2/16/08

A worker hold� LegalLoopholes Moreover, most state anti-cruelty laws exempt

farmed animals from the legal protections accorded
to companion animals, such as dogs and cats. For

MakingaKilling
As the bodies of spent hens are badly damaged from
years in overcrowded and filthy conditions, these birds
are rarely slaughtered for meat; rather, they are heaped
live into metal bins infused with carbon dioxide.
Illness and injury among birds often go untreated. Sam
discovered birds with broken wings and legs, facial lesions,
Spent hens are ripped from the battery cages as
abscesses and eyes swollen from infection. Perhaps most
violently as they were shoved into them as pullets.
startling were the cases of complete uterine prolapse, a
Workers grab them by the wings, heads, legs –
condition in which the entire uterus herniates outside of
whichever body parts are most accessible. Rather than
the animal’s vent, becoming infected or necrotic. Among
disentangle stuck birds, they yank harder to dislodge
the causes of this condition are overcrowding, lack of
them, frequently breaking their fragile bones in the
exercise and production of unnaturally large eggs or an
process. Birds are slammed into the carbon dioxide
unnaturally large volume of eggs.
chambers, some missing the target and striking the
floor instead.
In one instance, a worker stuffed a bird with an obviously
broken leg into a cage with other hens, where she was
Death by carbon dioxide, also termed “oxygen
immediately trampled. In other instances, crippled hens
starvation,” produces symptoms of asphyxia and
found languishing in shed aisles with no access to food or
suffocation, undoubtedly creating panic in the hens.
water were ignored by workers and left for dead.
Carbon dioxide is an acidic, pungent gas that is sharply
painful when inhaled in the quantities used to induce
Sam also observed workers brutally killing hens, who had
death.
been left behind during the loading and unloading phases.
On one occasion, Sam noticed a hen who had become
Sadly, no federal laws exist to protect hens from the
abuses detailed above. The Animal Welfare Act explicitly
excludes livestock and poultry from its definition of
“Animal.” According to the United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA), the Humane Methods of Slaughter
Act, which requires “livestock” to be insensible to pain
prior to slaughter, does not apply to poultry, as the
USDA does not consider poultry to fall into the category
“livestock.”
example, the Kansas anti-cruelty statute does not apply
to farmers, who follow “animal care practices common
in the industry.” Louisiana’s anti-cruelty statute states
that “for the purposes of this Section, fowl shall not
be defined as an animal” and in Ohio it is unlawful to
“keep animals other than cattle, poultry or fowl, swine, sheep
or goats in an enclosure without wholesome exercise and
a change of air.”
In effect, terms such as “animal care practices common
in the industry” license agribusiness profiteers to treat
farmed animals in any way they please. No matter how
cruel a practice is, as long as it is “common” within the
industry, it will not be deemed illegal under most anti-
cruelty laws.
Unfortunately, the agribusiness lobby often serves as
a powerful impediment to passage of farmed animal
protection laws. Due to the strong influence of
agribusiness on our elected officials, ballot initiatives
that circumvent state legislatures, such as the one in
California, are crucial to strengthening the animal
cruelty laws in this country. Such initiatives have already

“
entangled in cage wires during transport. She was barely
breathing and weakly lifted her head at Sam’s touch. A
worker, who regarded her as mere litter to be cleared out,
grabbed her neck and dragged her out of the transport
cage. He held her head and twirled her body until her neck
proven effective in Florida and Arizona. In 2002,
Florida residents voted to ban gestation crates (two feet-
The animal handling shown in this wide metal crates in which breeding sows are confined
video is demonstrative of gross animal for their entire pregnancies) and in 2006 Arizonians
voted to ban crates for both breeding sows and calves
cruelty and violates all standards of raised for veal.

BirdBrain?
broke, then flung her several feet into the side of a shed.
She lay on the ground, dying slowly, still breathing and
animal welfare. Animals are crushed to
blinking nearly two minutes later. death, tossed aside with broken bones
and massive injury, and handled with
After 1-2 years of battery cage imprisonment, a hen’s Far from birdbrains, “chickens have
egg production begins to decline. Such hens are termed careless brutality. cognitive capacities equivalent to those
“spent” and are of no further use to the egg industry. of mammals, even primates,” asserts
- Dr. Christi Camblor, D.V.M.
avian specialist, Dr. Lesley Rogers. One
fascinating example of this, according
to Professor of Psychology, Dr. Chris
Birds are slammed into the carbon dioxide chambers, some missing the target and striking the floor instead.
Evans, is “the chicken’s ability to
understand that an object, when taken
away and hidden, continues to exist.
This is beyond the capacity of young
children.”
Not only are chickens intelligent, they
are highly social. The term “pecking
order” originates from the social
hierarchies that chickens establish
within their flocks. Mother hens
tenderly care for their chicks, looking
out for them, protecting them and
guiding them, which is why especially
caring and attentive mothers are likened
to a “mother hen.” A hen’s relationship
with her chicks begins before they
hatch. A mother hen clucks to her egg-
bound chicks, who chirp back from
within their shells. Once they hatch, the
mother hen nurtures and guards her
young for about six weeks. In the wild,
a mother hen will fight with foxes to
protect her offspring.
 coverstory

ThePowerofOne
Never underestimate the power of an individual to
make a difference. According to USDA estimates,
the typical American consumes an average of 259
eggs per year. A hen must spend an average of 34
hours in deplorable conditions to produce a single
egg; therefore, the typical American could spare It’s time we widened our circle
laying hens over 8,800 hours of suffering per year,
simply by adopting an egg-free diet.
of compassion to include all
animals. We must take a stand
Laying hens are not the only victims of factory against injustice and declare
farming. Cattle and poultry raised for meat, dairy
that farmed animals will not
cows, pigs, goats, sheep, geese, ducks and aquatic
animals are all subjected to suffer in our names.
routine abuses similar to those
we have seen for laying hens; The typical As thinking, ethical people, we must ask ourselves: If
therefore, if we are to adopt we would not carry out the abuses Sam witnessed at
truly cruelty-free diets, we must American could Gemperle, can we in good conscience pay someone
adopt not only egg-free diets, spare laying hens else to carry out such abuses on our behalf ? When we
but vegan diets, free of all purchase factory-farmed products, this is exactly what
animal products. over 8,800 hours we do.
of suffering per
Observing a vegan diet is Thanks to a burgeoning market for vegan food
more than a private protest. year, simply by products, transitioning to a vegan diet is easier now
Consumers have the power to adopting an egg- than ever. Faux meat products abound, soymilk is a
greatly impact the plight of staple of most mainstream supermarkets and a tofu
farmed animals. As with any free diet. scramble is a healthy and delicious alternative to
other business, agribusiness scrambled eggs.
is based on the principle of supply and demand.
Agribusiness profiteers will produce meat, dairy and It’s time we widened our circle of compassion to
eggs only in quantities that they can sell. According to include all animals. We must take a stand against
some estimates, the average vegan spares the lives of injustice and declare that farmed animals will not suffer
over 50 animals per year. in our names. We can begin with our very next meal.

CookingWithoutEggs
Eggs in a recipe act as either a binder,
thickener, or leavener. There are
numerous egg substitutions depending
on what you are trying to achieve with
the replacement.
For instance, in veggie burgers or
casseroles, you would want a “binding”
or “thickening” effect, so you could
add arrowroot, cornstarch, flour, oats,
or breadcrumbs to reach your desired
consistency.
When making cookies, breads, and
baked goods you can use applesauce,
pureed bananas, pureed dates, or Ener-
G Egg Replacer when you need the
“binding” properties of eggs.
14 I COMPASSIONATE LIVING I www.MercyForAnimals.org
To achieve the “thickening” qualities of
eggs in pie fillings or custards, use agar-
agar, kudzu, arrowroot, cornstarch, or flour.
Here are a few basic suggestions for
substituting one egg:
• ¼ C. Mori-Nu silken style, firm or extra
firm tofu, pureed until smooth
• ¼ C. applesauce or pureed bananas with
½ t. baking powder
• 1 T. cornstarch or flour whisked with
1 T. water
• 1 T. finely ground flax seeds + 3 T. water
blended in a blender until frothy
• 1½ t. Ener-G Egg Replacer whisked with
2 T. water
actionalert
Ask Urge
DonnatoKaran
DUNKIN’toDONUTS Shed Fur
Serve Soymilk! Despite the fact that Donna Karan has promised
to stop using fur in her designs in the past, animal
advocates have learned that she continues to use
and sell fur. Please urge Karan to discontinue the
The run-off from factory farms pollutes our air and water, sale of all fur items and to institute a permanent
and common factory farming methods contribute to
fur-free policy.
global warming through deforestation and the emission of
greenhouse gases.
It’s time that Karan steps into the 21st century and joins
other leading designers and retailers — including her top
Dunkin’ Donuts Soymilk, the tasty and competitors Calvin Klein,
is the world’s cholesterol-free option for the Tommy Hilfiger, Ann Taylor,
largest coffee and cruelty-conscious consumer, and others — who have
already adopted permanent
baked goods chain saves the world a lot of hurt. fur-free policies.
with more than 5,500
stores throughout the Dressed to Kill
United States; yet, it’s
Animals on fur farms
one of the only national Get Soymilk in a Dunkin’ spend their entire lives
coffee chains lacking a Donuts Near You! confined to cramped,
policy to make soymilk available to all filthy wire cages, where
Try these steps to take action to they are exposed to all
customers.
encourage Dunkin’ Donuts stores weather conditions.
near you to start serving soymilk: They often go without
To the delight of dairy-free coffee consumers, the chain
veterinary care, and they
is starting to offer soymilk at a number of its locations.
are denied the opportunity to
Thirteen Dunkin’ Donuts across the country have 1 Visit your local Dunkin’ Donuts store. Stop
engage in natural behaviors.
recently began offering this popular alternative. A few in and ask to speak to the manager about
stores near Washington, D.C. recently added soymilk to adding soymilk to its menu. Be sure to express Fur farmers use the cheapest killing
their menus after working with animal advocates and that other Dunkin’ Donuts stores are already methods available, including neck-breaking,
learning about the increasing demand for healthy and making this option available to customers. suffocation, poisoning, and electrocution. Crude
humane options.
killing methods aren’t always effective, and sometimes
Though the company has been nudged to make progress 2 Email Dunkin Donuts’ Consumer Care animals “wake up” while they are being skinned.
Office and thank them for adding soymilk to
on this vegan-friendly option, it still needs gentle
a number of their locations, and ask them to
encouragement to catch up to speed with the growing
make soymilk available in all locations, like
demand for cruelty-free fare.
most national coffee chains already do. Send Take Action Now!
Why Soy in your Espres so? comments to: Please contact Karan and let her know
that you will not buy any of her designs
For the cows, our health and the environment, more customerservice@dunkinbrands.com until she goes fur-free for good.
and more consumers are ditching the dairy and
opting for soy in coffees, cappuccinos, espressos and 3 Call Dunkin’ Donuts’ Consumer Care hotline: 1 Write a letter to:
all former dairy drinks.
1-800-859-5339 Donna Karan International Inc
Soymilk, the tasty and cholesterol-free option for the 550 7th Ave
cruelty-conscious consumer, saves the world a lot 4 Write a letter to: New York, NY 10018
of hurt. Modern dairy cows, who often spend their
entire lives standing on concrete floors or crammed Dunkin’ Donuts Consumer Care
into massive mud lots, are pumped full of hormones 2 Call:
130 Royall Street
and antibiotics and forced to produce three times
Canton, MA 02021 1-800-231-0884
more milk than they did in the 1950s.

16 I COMPASSIONATE LIVING I MercyForAnimals.org Summer/Fall 08 I ChooseVeg.com

exclusiveinterview

Striking
at the
Roots
Animal activists are ambassadors for the largest and
most abused population on the planet.

Animal activist and
author Mark Hawthorne
chats with MFA’s
Freeman Wicklund about
his latest book, Striking
at the Roots: A Practical
Guide to Animal
Activism, and how we
can be effective, joyful,
life-long activists.
What led you to become a
vegan animal advocate?
It began with two important bovine encounters I had in
the ‘90s. The first was in Spain, when I ran with the bulls
in Pamplona. I felt ashamed after the run, seeing people
mock the bulls. It made me consider the many ways we
exploit non-human animals.
A few months later I was in the Himalayas of India, living
with a Buddhist family. Nearly everything I ate for two
months came from their garden, and I felt fantastic. One
afternoon a cow wandered into the garden to nibble on
some plants, and we just looked at each other. She was so
alive and aware. I had an awakening, I suppose. Standing
next to her, I truly understood that all animals have the
right to live in peace. When I got back to the US, I visited
Animal Place, a sanctuary for farmed animals, and went
vegan that day.
18 I COMPASSIONATE LIVING I MercyForAnimals.org
You start your book with a chapter on
leafleting because you feel it is one
of the most effective forms of
activism. What is it, and why
do you feel it is such a powerful
tool?
Leafleting is distributing vegan or animal rights
literature to the public, ideally in a place with
a lot of foot traffic. It’s a very cost-effective
method for reaching people, you can leaflet
almost anywhere, and it doesn’t require any setup
or even much of your time. On a college campus,
for example, you could hand out 200 or more
leaflets in an hour. And each person you inspire
to go veggie saves over 50 animals a year, doubling
your own commitment to helping animals. It’s also
a great way for the public to see animal activism at
work.
A repeated theme in your book is for
activists to be friendly, respectful, and
joyful when interacting with others.
Why are these things important?
Two reasons, I think. First, animal activists are
ambassadors for the largest and most abused
population on the planet. If we want to show people
how easy it is to make our world a kinder place and
prove that veganism is not some eccentric, austere
lifestyle, we must be friendly and approachable.
Moreover, corporate media tends to paint animal activism
with a wide brush, depicting us all as radicals. We need to
debunk the tired myth that we’re all “angry activists.” So
it’s important that people see animal activists as affable
and compassionate, and veganism for what it is: fun and
life-affirming.
Why did you choose to write a how-to
manual for animal activists?
When we learn about animal abuse, through books
like Animal Liberation or from shocking undercover
investigations or documentaries or whatever, we’re
outraged. But when we want to take action, beyond going
vegan, well, it’s more of a challenge learning what we can
do — and how.
So I gathered advice from activists around the world and
created a resource for people who are motivated to get
active and speak out against factory farming, vivisection,
blood sports, and the countless other ways humans exploit
animals.
You interviewed over 100 activists in
your book. How did you decide whom to
interview?
I began with about 20 activists in the US and Australia
– people I’ve done rescues with or protested with or
interviewed for magazines or just knew were committed
to the animal rights movement. During the interviews,
people would frequently recommend I speak with
some other activist I didn’t know, and so the circle grew
exponentially.
I avoided interviewing heads of large organizations, but
only because I wanted the focus to be on grassroots
activism. When I spoke with someone at groups like
PETA or HSUS, I made sure to ask how others can
accomplish what they are doing. I want people to read
Striking at the Roots and say, “Yes, I can do that.” And then
do it.
Summer/Fall 08 I ChooseVeg.com
You end the book with a chapter on
preventing activist burnout. What
advice can you give activists to help
them stay active for the long haul?
Because animal activists are by nature sensitive to the
suffering of others, we tend to push ourselves too hard,
lest we feel guilty we’re not doing enough. I think the
most important thing to remember is that activists are
animals too, and to be in this struggle for the long haul,
we need to take care of ourselves.
Focus on the victories. Take a real vacation. When you
feel down, open up to people you trust. Get enough
sleep. Eat well. Do things that produce clarity and relieve
stress, like meditation and exercise. Spend time laughing
with friends. Visit an animal sanctuary. In fact, spending
time at a sanctuary is my favorite tonic for avoiding
burnout, and I’m shocked by how many activists have
never rubbed a pig’s belly or seen a hen take a dust bath.
Although these may sound like obvious
recommendations, we often forget to nurture ourselves.
We all want to be superheroes for animals, but we have
physical and emotional limits we must respect.
What is next for you?
I’m working on a new book, which will focus on the
lesser-known abuses animal exploiters engage in. I’m
hoping to have it out in 2010. Readers can learn more
about my work at StrikingAtTheRoots.com.
Flier Power
Spread the vegan message by doing weekly
leafleting at a local college or on a busy
sidewalk. Order bulk quantities of the
excellent Why Vegan? brochure by clicking the
“Catalog” menu bar at VeganOutreach.com
and following the instructions. This simple
action could save thousands of animals!
 mustknow
The
Momentum
Mounting
is
Mainstreaming Veganism and
Compassion for Farmed Animals
“Wow, wow, wow! I never imagined
meatless meals could be so satisfying.”
The prestigious Pew Commission released
a report two-and-a-half years in the
making which concluded that factory
farms pose unacceptable risks to public
health, the environment and animal
welfare. It recommends phasing out
the use of battery cages, farrowing
crates, and veal crates. The Pew panel was
chaired by former Kansas Governor, John
Carlin, and included former U.S. Secretary of
Agriculture, Dan Glickman, as well as farmers,
scientists, veterinarians, and public officials.
Vegan diet book, Skinny Bitch by Rory Freedman
and Kim Barnouin, touted as “a funny foul-
mouthed ode” by the New York Times Book
Review, climbed to the No. 1 position on
the New York Times best-seller list of
paperback advice books. It has been
translated into 20 languages, become
an international bestseller, and has one
million copies in print.
When Ellen Degeneres had the authors
on her show, she told them that the book
changed her life and that she is a different
person, leaving many to speculate that Ellen
is now vegan.
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•2-3 cups shredded lettuce •1 green bell pepper,
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•6 green onions, sliced •2 medium tomatoes,
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Heat a tortilla in a large,
chopped
•1 8-ounce can tomato sauce
•ground cumin, black pepper,
ungreased skillet until it is and chili powder to taste
warm and soft. Spread a line
•½ teaspoon salt or to taste
of black beans down the
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Cook rice according to package
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Another New York Times bestselling book, Quantum tortilla around the filling.
Wellness by Kathy Freston, also promotes a vegan Repeat with the remaining Cook over medium-low heat for
diet and convinced talk show powerhouse Oprah to tortillas. 10 more minutes.
try veganism for 21 days. “Wow, wow, wow! I never
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This new MFA brochure exposes MFA’s 32-page Starter Kit is

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$25
Item Description Size Qty. Price Total
For school, work, & travel
— MFA’s messenger bags
give you go-anywhere
capabilities with ease.
Perfect size for laptops and
textbooks. Bag made from
black canvas by Anvil.

>>
Donation TOTAL

Logo T Name
$15 (S, M, L, XL, XXL) Address
Show your support for Phone or E-mail
animal liberation with MFA’s
logo apparel. Features the Payment Information Check or Money Order Enclosed
MFA logo on 100% cotton,
sweatshop-free T made by Credit Card # Exp. Date
American Apparel. Available
in white or black. Signature

>> >> Mail order and payment to: Mercy For Animals, 3712 N. Broadway, Ste. 560, Chicago, IL 60613
 How
much

?
cruelty
can
you
swallow
Before being turned into
burgers, hot dogs, and
nuggets, farm animals suffer
painful mutilations, extreme
confinement, cruel handling,
and violent deaths.

>> Choose Compassion

Choose Vegetarian

NONPROFIT ORG
U.S. POSTAGE PAID
DALLAS, TX
PERMIT NO. 107

3712 N. Broadway, Ste. 560, Chicago, IL 60613

Postage required unless mailed by MFA.