Mem. Dierential Equations Math. Phys.

12(1997), 165{177

Luis Adauto Medeiros and Juan Limaco Ferrel

ELLIPTIC REGULARIZATION AND NAVIER{STOKES SYSTEM

Abstract. Applications of the method of elliptic regularization to

the Navier{Stokes system in a bounded domain of R3 with moving

boundary are given. We follow the ideas of J. L. Lions [7] and Temam
[13].
reziume.
SemosazG vr ul
izaciis
onsis

naSromSi

meTod is

[7]

moKvanil ia

R -Si

moTavsebul

moZr avsazG vr ian

areSi navie-stoqsis sist emisaTvis eliPsu r i regu l arzogierT i

da temamis

[13]

gamoKeneba.

masSi

gamoKenebu l ia

j. l. li-

ideebi.

Introduction

There is an extensive literature about the existence of weak solutions for

the Navier{Stokes system. In the references at the end of this article, one
can nd a small selection, far from completion, which can lead the reader
indications to other references. Starting from the sixties, there appear many
results on the Navier-Stokes system in noncylindrical domains, as, for example, Fujita{Sauer [5] and Lions [7]. Among the most employed methods,
there was the so called penalty method, which consists in considering a perturbation, by means of a term with a parameter ", transforming the problem
into a cylindrical domain, and passing to limit as " tends to zero. The objective of the present article is to study the Navier-Stokes system by a method
idealized by Lions in 1983, cf. [7]. It consists in transforming a parabolic
problem into a family of elliptic problems indexed by a parameter " > 0.
We solve these problems by elliptic methods and try to obtain the solution
of the original parabolic problem as a limit as " tends to zero. This method
is also used, in a certain sense, by Salvi [11] in a dierent context. For
the study of the Navier-Stokes system in the noncylindrical case by another
method, we refer to M. Milla Miranda J. Limaco Ferrel [10]. The abstract
aspect of the elliptic regularization can be found in Lions [9], and for the
Navier{Stokes system in cylindrical domains see Temam [14], [15] or Tartar
[13] and the references therein. We also use a techniques of Fujita-Sauer [5].
1991 Mathematics Subject Classication. 35F30, 35K55.
Key words and phrases. Elliptic regularization, noncylindrical domain, Navier{Stokes
system, Gralerkin method.

166

1. Notation and Main Results

Let T > 0 be a number and f
t g0tT be a family of bounded open
sets
t of Rn+1 with regular boundaries ?t . We consider the noncylindrical
domain Qb in Rn+1 dened by
Qb = 0<t<T
[
t  ftg;

with the lateral boundary

b = 0<t<T
[ ?t  ftg:

We suppose this boundary b to be regular.

We will consider the Navier-Stokes system in Qb
8
>
>
>
<

@u = f ? rp on Q;
b
Dt u ? 
u + nj=1 y @x
j
b
div u = 0 on Q;
(1)
>
u = 0 on b ;
>
>
:
u(x; 0) = u0 (x) on
0 :
Here x is a vector (x1 ; x2 ; : : : ; xn ) of Rn and u(x; t) is the velocity vector (u1 (x; t); u2 (x; t); : : : ; un (x; t)),
u = (
u1 ;
u2 ; : : : ;
un ), with
the
Laplace operator in x, Dt is @t@ and r=grad is the operator (@x@ 1 ; @x@ 2 ;: : : ; @x@n ).
Note that  is the viscosity of the uid and is supposed to be a positive conP

stant.
By D(
t ) we denote the space of all real C 1 -functions with a compact
support in
t , and
o
n
Vt = ' 2 (D(
t ))n ; div ' = 0 on
t :

We denote by H s (
t ) the Sobolev space of the order s > 0 on
t and by
Vs (
t ) the closure of Vt in (H s (
t ))n . The particular cases important for
the present work are
V1 (
t ) = V (
t ) and V0 (
t ) = H (
t )
with Hilbert structure given respectively by
(u; v)H (
t ) =

n Z
X

i=1
t

ui vi dx and ((u; v))V (

t ) =

n Z
X

i;j =1
t

@ui @vi
@xj @xj dx:

When s > n2 , we know by Sobolev theorem that H 1 (

t ) is continuously
embedded in H01 (
t ). Then, for s > n2 we have
n

V (
t ) = u 2 (H01 (
t ))n ; div u = 0 on
t
(cf. Lions [9]). Note that H (
t ) is the closure of Vt in (L2 (
t ))n and the
embedding V (
t )  H (
t ) is continuous and dense.

167

We consider a trilinear form b(u; v; w) dened for u, v, w 2 V (

t ) by

b(u; v; w) =

n Z
X
i;j =1
t

@vi w dx:
uj @x
i
j

We also consider the space

n

W = ' 2 L2(0; T ; V (
t )); Dt ' 2 L2(0; T ; H (
t))
and 'i (x; T ) = 0 in
t ; i = 1; 2; : : : ; n

equipped with the Hilbert structure

ZT

ZT

('; )W = (('; ))V (

t ) dt + (Dt '; Dt )H (
t ) dt;
so

k'k2

W=

ZT

k'k2

V (
t ) dt +

ZT

jDt 'j2H (
t ) dt:

Let us consider ' = ('1 ; '2 ; : : : ; 'n ) in W . Multiply the i-component of

the vector u in (1) by 'i and integrate on Qb. We obtain
ZT Z

0
t

Dt ui
'i dxdt +

n ZT Z
X

j =1 0
t
n ZT Z
X
uj
+
j =1 0
t

@ui @'i dx +
@xj @xj
TZ

@ui ' dxdt = Z

@xj i

0
t

fi 'i dxdt:

(2)

Remark 1. By the Gauss Lemma, we obtain

n Z
X
i=1 b
Q

Dt (ui
'i ) dxdt =

n Z
X
i=1

@ Qb

ui
'i t d(@ Q = ?
b)

n Z
X
i=1
0

ui (x; 0)'i (x; 0) dx

since we have u = 0 on b by (1) and 'i (x; T ) = 0 on

T by ' 2 W . Note
that @ Qb = b [
0 [
T with  = (0; 0; : : : ; ?1) on
0 and  = (0; 0; : : :; 1)
on
T .

168

Summing in (2) with respect to 1  i  n, we have by Remark 1

ZT

ZT

ZT

(u(t); '(t)) V (
t ) dt ? (u(t); Dt '(t))H (
t ) dt + b(u(t); u(t); '(t))dt =
ZT

= (f (t); '(t))H (
t ) dt + (u0 ; '(0))H (
0 ) :

(3)

Denition 1. By a solution of the system (1) we mean a function

u 2 L2 (0; T ; V (
t ))
satisfying (3) for all ' 2 W .
Theorem 1. Given
u0 2 H (
0 ) and f 2 L2 (0; T ; H (
t));
the system (1) is solvable for n  3.
The proof of Theorem 1 will be carried out by the elliptic regularization
method as in LionsR [7]. The method consists in considering a perturbation of
(3) by the term " 0T (Dt u; Dt')H (
t ) dt in order to obtain the scalar product
of W in the right-hand side of (3), which permits to employ successfully the
Galerkin method. We prove that the perturbed problem has a solution u"
for each " > 0, which converges to a solution u claimed in Theorem 1.
Proposition 1. Let u0 and f be as in Theorem 1. Then for each " > 0
and ' 2 W there exists in W a solution u" of the equation
ZT

(u" (t); '(t))

ZT

"
V (
t ) dt + " (Dt u ; Dt ')H (
t ) dt +
0

ZT

ZT

?


+ b u" (t); u" (t); '(t) dt ? (u" (t); Dt '(t))H (
t ) dt =

ZT

= (f (t); '(t))H (
t ) dt + (u0 ; '(0))H (
0 ) :
0

(4)

Proof. Let (wk (x; t)) be a Hilbert basis for W (cf. Brezis [1]). Denote
by Wm the subspace of W generated by the rst m vectors wk (x; t). If
um(x; t) 2 Wm , then

um(x; t) =
with real j , 1  j  m.

m
X
j =1

j wj (x; t)

169

The approximate problem consists in nding a solution um 2 Wm of the

system of algebraic equations
ZT

ZT

((um (t); wi ))V (

t ) dt + " (Dt um (t); Dt wi )H (
t ) dt +
ZT

ZT

+ b um (t); um (t); wi dt ? (um (t); Dt wi )H (

t ) dt =
0

ZT

= (f (t); wi )H (
t ) dt + (u0 ; '(0))H (
t ) dt:

(5)

We need to prove that (5) has a solution um in Wm . To this end, we will

apply the sharp angle lemma (cf. Lions [9], Visik [17] or Temam [14]). In
fact, consider the vector  = (i )1im of Rm dened by
ZT

ZT

ZT

i = ((um ; wi ))V (
t ) dt + " (Dt um ; Dt wi )H (
t ) dt + b(um ; um; wi ) dt ?
0

ZT

ZT

? (um ; Dt wi )H (
t ) dt ? (f; wi )H (
t ) dt ? (u0 ; '(0))H (
t ) :
Let  = (i )1im be the components of the vector um of Wm . The
mapping P : Rn ! Rn dened by P =  is continuous. If we prove that
(P;  )  0 for k kRn = , with an appropriate , it will follow by the sharp
angle lemma that there exists a  in the ball B (0)  Rm such that P = 0.
This implies the existence of a solution to (5). In fact, we have
(P;  ) =

m
X
i=1

ZT

ZT

i i = kum k2V (
t ) dt + " jDt um j2H (
t ) dt +
0

ZT

+ 21 jum (x; 0)j2H (

0 ) ? (f; um )H (
t ) dt ? (u0 ; um (0))H (
0 ) ;
0

because b(u; v; w) = 0 if v = w. This implies that

(P;  )  akumk2W ? bkumkW ? c;
where a, b, c are positive constants.
We can consider  to be so large that (P;  )  0 for k kRm = . Then
P = 0 for some  2 B(0), which implies that the system (5) has a solution
um 2 Wm corresponding to this  . Therefore, for any " > 0 there exists a
solution u"m 2 Wm to (5). 

170

ESTIMATES

Multiplying both sides of (5) by i and summing with respect to 1  i 

m, we obtain

ZT

ku"m(t)k2V (
t ) dt + "
ZT

ZT

jDt u"m(t)j2H (
t ) dt +

+ 21 ju"m(0)j2H (
0 ) + (f; u"m(t))H (
t ) dt + (u0 ; u"m (0))H (
0 ) :

(6)

From (6), we get:

u"m; as a function of " > 0 and m; is bounded in

L2((0; T ; V (
)) as " ! 0;
(7)
p"D u" ; as a function of" t> 0 and m; is bounded in
t m
L2(0; T ; V (
t )) as " ! 0:
(8)
Now, if we x " > 0, we can extract a subsequence (u"k ) of (u"m ) such

that

u" * u" weakly in L2 (0; T ; V (

));

p"D uk" * p"D u" weakly in L2 (0; Tt; H (

));
t k
t
t
u"m (0) * u" (0) in H (
0 ):

Analysis of the Nonlinear Term

Fixed " > 0, from (9) and (10) we have
u"k is bounded in L2 (0; T ; V (
t ));
Dt u"k is bounded in L2 (0; T ; H (
t)):
Then
u"k ! u" strongly in L2 (0; T ; H (
t))
since the embedding V (
t )  H (
t ) is compact.
There exists a subsequence such that
b i = 1; 2; 3:
u"ki ! u"i a.e. on Q;
Then,
u"k` u"ks ! u"` u"s a.e. on Qb
as k ! 1 for 1  `, s  3 and " > 0 xed.

(9)
(10)
(11)

(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)

171

By Sobolev's embedding theorem, (u"kj )k2N , 1  j  3, is bounded in

L4(Qb), which yields
(u"k` uks )k2N ; 1  `; s  3; is bounded in L2(0; T ; L2(
t )): (17)
By Lions [9], it follows from (16) and (17) that
u"k` u"ks * u"` u"s weakly in L2 (0; T ; L2(
t )):
(18)
We have from (18)
ZT Z

s "
u"k` @w
@x` uks dxdt !

0
t

as k ! 1 for all ws 2 Wm  W , or
ZT

b(u"k ; u"k ; wi ) dt !

ZT Z

0
t

ZT

s "
u"` @w
@x us dxdt
`

b(u" ; u" ; wi ) dt

(19)

for all wi 2 Wm .
If we insert m = k in (5) and take the limits as k ! 1 and " > 0 is
xed, we obtain
u" 2 L2 (0; T ; V (
t )); Dt u" 2 L2 (0; T ; H (
t))
and
ZT

ZT
ZT
"
"
((u ; '))V (
t ) dt + " (Dt u ; Dt ')H (
t ) dt + b(u" ; u" ; ') dt ?
ZT

ZT

? (u" ; Dt ')H (
t ) dt = (f; ')H (
t ) dt ? (u0 ; '(0))H (
0 )
0

(20)

for all ' 2 W .

Proof of the Theorem 1. We must obtain estimates for Dt u" , where u" is a
solution of (20), which would permit to pass to limit as " ! 0. To this end,
we apply an argument suggested by Lions [7] which consists in proving that
Dt u" is bounded in the L2-norm in each cylinder contained in Qb.
In fact, let O be an open bounded subset of Rn . By V (O) and H (O)
we denote the usual function spaces as dened in the case of
t , (cf. x1).
Identifying H (O) with its dual H (O)0 , we obtain the continuous and dense
embeddings V (O)  H (O)  V (O)0 . We denote by h ; i the scalar product
of the objects from V (O)0 and V (O). Consider an interval ]t0 ; t1 [ contained
in ]0; T [ and a cylinder O ]t0 ; t1 [ such that
b
O  [t0 ; t1 ]  Q;

172

where O is the closure of O. For 2 D(]t0 ; t1 [) and v 2 V (O), we consider

the function ' =
v dened by
'(x; t) = (t)
v(x) for all (x; t) 2 O ]t0 ; t1 [ :
Extend by zero outside of its support and v by zero outside of O, and
still denote their product by ', which belongs to W . Then, inserting ' in
(20), we get
Zt1

Zt1
Zt1
"
"
((u (t); v))V (
t ) (t)dt + " (Dt u (t); v)Dt dt? b(u" (t); v; u" (t)) (t) dt ?
t0
t0
t0
Zt1
Zt1
? (u" (t); v)Dt (t) dt = (f (t); v) (t) dt:
(21)
t0
t0

We have n = 1; 2; 3, which implies that the linear form

v ! b(u" ; v; u" )
is continuous on L2(t0 ; t1 ; V (O)). Then there exists Bu" 2 L1 (t0 ; t1 ; V (O)0 )
such that hBu" ; vi = b(u" ; v; u" ). Note that f 2 L2(t0 ; t1 ; H (O)). Then
from (21) we obtain

?"

Zt1

t0

D2 (u" ; v)
t

dt +

Zt1

t0

Dt (u" ; v)

Zt1

dt = hg; vi dt
t0

(22)

for all 2 D]t0 ; t1 [ extended by zero outside of its support and with g 2
L1(t0 ; t1 ; V (O)0 ).
From (22) and Temam [13], Ch.III, Lemma 1.1, it follows that

?"Dt2u" + Dt u" = g in L1 (t0 ; t1 ; V (O)0 ):

(23)
Our next step is to obtain from (23) a uniform bound for Dt u" in the space
L1(0 ; 1 ; V (O)0 ), where [0 ; 1 [  [t0 ; t1 [ .
In fact, consider 0 = t0 and 0 < 1 < t1 such that O  [t0 ; t1 ]  Qb. Let
(t) be a smooth real function dened on [t0 ; t1 ] and satisfying 0  (t)  1,
(t) = 1 near t0 and (t) = 0 near t1 .
If we put v" = Dt u" , we transform (23) into

?"Dt(v" ) + v" = h in L1 (t0 ; t1 ; V (O)0 )

(24)

with h = g ? (Dt )"Dt u" .

Note that h is bounded in L1(0 ; 1 ; V (O)0 ) because "Dtu" is bounded in
2
L (0 ; 1 ; H (O)) for all " > 0. Note that the uniform estimate for Dt u" will
be obtained for each cylinder O ]0 ; 1 [ whose closure is contained in Qb.

173

Let


1

= 


t
exp
" if t < 0
E" (t) "
0
if t > 0
for " > 0. This function belongs to L1 (?1; +1) and the solution of (24)
is given by
v" = E"  h;
(25)
where  denotes the convolution of functions. We have E" 2 L1 (?1; +1; R)
and h 2 L1 (0 ; 1 ; V (O)0 ). By the Young inequality it follows that

kE"  hkL2(0 ;1 ;V (O) )  kE" kL1 (?1;+1) khkL1(0 ;1 ;V (O) ) :
But kE" kL1(?1;+1) = 1 and h is bounded in L1 (0 ; 1 ; V (O)0 ). Then, by
0

(25), we have

Z1

0

which implies

Z1

0

kv" k2 dt < c;

kv" k2 dt =

Z1

0

kv" k2 dt < c;

(t) = 1 on [0 ; 1 ]. Hence

Dt u" = v" is bounded in L1 (0 ; 1 ; V (O)0 )
(26)
uniformly with respect to " > 0 as " ! 0.
Thus u" is bounded in L2(0 ; 1 ; V (O)) and Dt u" is bounded in L1(0 ; 1 ;
V (O)0 ). We know that the embeddings V (O)  H (O)  V (O)0 are continuous and V (O)  H (O) is compact. Then, by the compactness theorem
(cf. Lions [9], Temam [14], Simon [11]), we can extract a subsequence u"
of u" such that
u"i ! ui strongly in L1 (0 ; 1 ; L2 (O)); i = 1; 2; 3;
(27)
and a.e. on the cylinder O ]0 ; 1 [ .
Consider "0 = n1 with n 2 N . Then we obtain a subsequence (u0n ) such
0

that

uni ! ui strongly in L1 (0 ; 1 ; L2 (O)) for i = 1; 2; 3

(28)
and a.e. in the cylinder O ]0 ; 1 [ . This argument is true for each cylinder
O ]0 ; 1 [ such that its closure is contained in Qb.
Our next step is to prove, employing the above result, that there exists
a subsequence which we will still denote by (un ), and u 2 L1(Qb) such that
uni ! ui strongly in L1 (Qb) (i = 1; 2; 3)

174

a.e. on Qb. The key points are a geometrical construction of Fujita and
Sauer [5] and the diagonal process.
b but interior
In fact, for  > 0 we consider a strip near the boundary ,
b
to Q. We consider rst


W (; t) = x 2
t ; d(x; ?t ) <  ;
where d(x; ?t ) is the distance from x, in
t , to its boundary ?t . Then we
dene the strip
c ( ) = [ W (; t)  ftg;
W
0<t<T
b
of length , inside of Qb, near the boundary .
b
Now let us construct, inside of Qb, a domain not near the boundary .
Let ` be a natural number and
n
o

` = x 2
; d(x; ? ) > 1 :

Denoting by (tj ) a dense sequence in [0; T ], we dene the cylinders contained

in Qb
Gjk` =
`tj  ]tj ; tk [
such that their closure is inside of Qb. Consider the set
n

S = Gjk` ; j; k; ` 2 N and the closure is in Qb ;

which is countable.
c ( ) is compact in
Remark 2. Since for small  > 0 the closure of Qb ? W
Q there exists a nite covering Gj  S , j = 1; 2; : : : ; N () such that
b,

N ()

c ( )  [ Gj ;
Qb ? W
j =1

or

 N ()

c ( ):
Qb  j[=1 Gj [ W

Lemma 1. If  > 0 is small, then for v 2 L2 (0; T ; V (

t )) we have
ZT

jvj2L2 (Wb ())  c2 kv(t)k2V (

t ) dt;
0

where c is a positive constant depending on b .

175

Proof. We will prove the lemma for the dense subset V=f' 2D(Qb); div ' =0g
of L2 (0; T ; V (
t )). Suppose v 2 V and let  be the exterior unit normal to
?t at the point (;  ). Since v 2 V , we have v = 0 on ?t , that is, v(;  ) = 0.
Let us consider  > 0 and a point ( ? ;  ) interior to
t . Note that  is
the space variable and  the time variable, 0 <  < T . We have
Z

v( ? ;  ) ? v(;  ) = D v( ? ;  ) d:

0

Then, taking absolute values of both sides,

Z

jv( ? ;  )j  jrv( ? ;  )j d;

0

and applying the Schwarz inequality, we get

jv( ? ;  )j2

Z

  jrv( ? ;  )j2 d;

(29)

where  is a parameter such that 0    .

Note that
Z Z

0 ?t

jv( ? ;  )j2 d?d

is the integral on the strip of length , that is, on W (t; ). If we integrate
c ( ):
this integral with respect to  over ]0; T [ , we obtain the integral on W
ZT Z Z

0 0 ?t

jv( ? ;  )j2 d?dd =

b ()
W

jv( ? ;  )j2 d?dd = jvj2L2 (Wb ()) :

If we integrate the right-hand side of the integral (29) over ]0; T [  ]0; [, we
obtain
ZT  Z

 d

?i 0

T

2Z Z Z 

= 2
=

 Z Z 



0 ?i 0

2 Z 


rv(; 

Qb

This proves the Lemma. 

rv( ? ;  ) dd?d =

2

rv( ? ;  ) dd?d =

2
)

2
2Z

dd = 2 v(t) V (
) dt:

176

Proposition 2. There exists a subsequence of (un ), still denoted by (un ),

such that it converges strongly in L1 (G) for all cylinders G of the family S .
Proof. By (27), (un ) converges strongly in L1 (Gj ) to u in a cylinder Gj ,
j 2 N. By the diagonal process we obtain a subsequence (un ) that converges
strongly in L1(G) for all G 2 S . 

Proposition 3. There exists u 2 L1 (Qb) such that the subsequence of the

Proposition 1 converges to u in the L1 (Qb)-norm.
Proof. It is sucient to prove that (un ) is a Cauchy sequence in the L1(Qb)norm. In fact, given " > 0, choose any  such that 0 <  < ". For this  > 0
there exists Gj 2 S , j = 1; 2; : : : ; N (), such that


 N ()

c ( ):
Qb  j[=1 Gj [ W

We have, for all m; n 2 N,

jum ? un jL1 (Qb) 

NX
()
j =1

jum ? un jL1 (Gj ) + jum ? un jL1 (Wb ()) :

(30)

Further,

jum ? unjL1 (Wb ())  cjum ? unjL2 (Wb ()) ;

(31)

and by Lemma 1 we obtain

jum ? un jL2 (Wb ()) 

c2

ZT

kum ? unk2V (
t ) dt

1=2

(32)

By (20), (un ) is bounded in L2(0; T ; V (

t )) by a constant c. Then, by (31)
and (32), we obtain

jum ? un jL1 (Wb ())  c < c":

(33)

Since (un ) converges strongly in L1 (Gj ) for all cylinders Gj 2 S , it follows

that the sum
NX
()
j =1

jum ? unjL1 (Gj ) ! 0 as m; n ! 1:

(34)

From (32) and (33) it follows that (un ) is a Cauchy sequence in the
L1(Qb)-norm. Then it converges strongly in L1 (Qb) or a.e. in Qb. 

177

After establishing the convergence, we can pass to limit in (20) for " = n1 ,
as n ! 1. Thus we obtain the solution claimed by Theorem 1. 
The authors express their gratitude to M. Milla Miranda for the conversations and suggestions about this work.
References

1. H. Brezis, Analyse Fonctionelle (Theorie et Applications). Masson, Paris, 1983.

2. H. Brezis, Inequations variationelles relatives a l'operateur de Navier-Stokes. J.
Math. Anal. Appl. 19(1972), 150{165.
3. J. Dubinski, E quations paraboliques nonlineaires dans le plan. Mat. Sb. 69(III)
(1966), 470{496.
4. Y. Ebihara and L. A. Medeiros, On the regular solutions for some classes of
Navier{Stokes equations. Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse. Math. 9(1988), No. 1, 77{101.
5. H. Fujita and N. Sauer, On the existence of weak solutions of the Navier{Stokes
equations in regions with moving boundaries. J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sect. IA Math.
17(1970), 402{420.
6. J. L. Lions, E quations dierentielles operationelles dans les espaces de Hilbert.
CIME, Verona, 1963.
7. J. L. Lions, Singular perturbations and some nonlinear boundary value problems.
MRC, Wisconsin, Report 42, Oct. 1963.
8. J. L. Lions, Sur certains equations paraboliques nonlineaires. Bull. Soc. Math.
France 93(1965), 155{175.
9. J. L. Lions, Quelques methodes de resolutions des problemes aux limites non
lineaires. Dunod, Paris, 1969.
10. M. Milla Miranda and J. Limaco Ferrel, The Navier Stokes equations in
noncylindrical domains (to appear in Computational and Applied Mathematics).
11. J. Simon, Compact sets in the space p (0 ; ). Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (IV),
146(1982), 65{92.
12. R. Salvi, On the existence of periodic weak solutions of the Navier{Stokes equations in the exterior regions with periodically moving boundaries. In: Navier{Stokes
Equations and Related Problems. Edit. by A. Sequeira, Plenum Press, New York, (1995),
63{73.
13. L. Tartar, Topics in nonlinear analysis. Universite Paris Sud, Orsay, 1978.
14. R. Temam, Navier{Stokes equations (Theory and Numerical Analysis). North{
Holland, Amsterdam, 1979.
15. R. Temam, Navier{Stokes equations and nonlinear functional analysis. SIAM
Lectures Notes, 1995 (First edition 1983).
16. M. Cristina Vieira and T. Nunes Rabello, Unilateral problem for Navier{
Stokes operators in noncylindrical domains. Comp. Math. Appl. 13(1994), 67{77.
17. M. I. Vishik, Solutions of a system of quasilinear parabolic equations having
divergence form under periodic boundary conditions. (Russian) Dokl. Akad. Nauk
SSSR 47(1961), No. 3, 502{505.
(Received 25.06.1997)
Authors' addresses:
Luis Adauto Medeiros
Instituto de Matematica UFRJ
CP 68530 - CEP 21944-970, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
Juan Limaco Ferrel
Instituto de Matematica UFF
Rua S~ao Paulo s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
CEP 24210-110 Niteroi, RJ
L

;T