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http://electrical-engineering-po rtal.co m/po wer-transfo rmer-turns-ratio -test

Power Transformer Turns Ratio Test

Edvard

Turns
ratio

Po we r Trans fo rme r Turns Ratio Te s t

between the windings

T he turns ratio test is an AC low voltage test which determines the ratio of the high voltage winding to all
other windings at no-load. T he turns ratio test is perf ormed on all taps of every winding.
T he Transformer Turns Ratio tester (TTR) is device used to measure the turns ratio between the windings
(example shown below).
Voltage is applied on the H marked leads and measured of the X marked lead by the test set.
Ratio measurements are conducted on all tap positions and calculated by dividing the induced voltage reading
into the applied voltage value. When ratio tests are being made on three-phase transf ormers, the ratio is taken
on one phase at a time with a three-phase T T R until the ratio measurements of all three phases are
completed.

Measured ratio
variations
should be
within 0.5% of
the nameplate
markings.
Some T T R can
perf orm
transf ormer
ratio
measurement
and also
assess if onload tap
changer
contacts are
Fig ure 1 Thre e -p has e Trans fo rme r Turns Rati (TTR) Co nne c tio n d iag ram.
making
satisf actorily
during its transition f rom one tap position to the next position.

Turns Ratio Test Procedure, Step by Step

St ep 1.
Isolate the equipment, apply working grounds to all
incoming and outgoing cables and disconnect all incoming
and outgoing cables f rom the transf ormer bushing
terminals connections.
Disconnected cables should have sufficient clearance
f rom the switchgear terminals greater that the phase
spacing distance. Use nylon rope to hold cable away f rom
incoming and outgoing terminals as required.

Examp le o f s ing le p has e , hand -c ranke d TTR Trans fo rme r

Turns Ratio Te s t Se t (Me as ure s the turns ratio and e xc iting
c urre nt o f wind ing s in p o we r, p o te ntial and c urre nt
trans fo rme rs .)

St ep 2.
Connect the H designated three-phase test lead with the military style connector at one end to the mating
connection on the test set marked with an H. Ensure that the connectors index notch lines up properly.

St ep 3.
Connect the X designated three-phase test of lead military style connector at one end to the mating
connection on the test set marked with an X. Ensure that the connectors index notch lines up properly.

St ep 4.

Connect the H1, H2, H3 designated test lead to the corresponding H1, H2, H3 transformer terminal / bushing.
Connect the H0 test lead if H0 terminal/bushing is present.
Ref er to Figure 1.

St ep 5.
Connect the X1, X2, X3 designated test leads to the corresponding X1, X2,X3 transf ormer terminals / bushings.
Connect the X0 test lead if X0 terminal/bushing is present.

St ep 6.
Perf orm turns ratio measurements f or all tap positions.

St ep 7.
Confirm that the measured ratios is within 0.5% of the calculated ratios.

Important Note:
Transf ormers that have wye connections but do not have the neutral of the wye brought out shall be tested
f or ratio with three-phase power supply.
Any inequality in the magnetizing characteristics of the three phases will then result in a shif t of the neutral
and thereby cause unequal phase voltages. When such inequality is f ound, the connection should be changed,
either to a delta or to a wye connection, and the line voltages measured.
When these are f ound to be equal to each other and the proper values (1.732 times the phase voltages when
connected in wye), the ratio is correct.

Power Transf ormer Test ing Aut omat ically measuring rat io and winding resist ance of all
t aps/phases
Cant see this video? Click here to watch it on Youtube.
Reference: Substation Commissioning Course Raymond Lee, Technical Trainer