Aprenda Mysql by Oreilly Introd

PART I
Introduction
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
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4 | Chapter 1:Introduction
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CHAPTER 2
Installing MySQL
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Usage: mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
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mysql-5.0.22-1.FC5.1
mysql-server-5.0.22-1.FC5.1
httpd-2.2.0-5.1.2
php-5.1.4-1
php-mysql-5.1.4-1
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# pirut
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# system-config-packages
3ODFHDFKHFNPDUNQH[WWRWKHHQWU\IRU0\64/'DWDEDVHDQGFOLFNRQWKH'HWDLOVOLQN
<RXOOVHHDZLQGRZVXFKDVWKDWLQ)LJXUH6HOHFWWKHP\VTOVHUYHUDQGSKS
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VWDOOWKHQHFHVVDU\SDFNDJHVIURPWKH,QWHUQHW7KLVLVYHU\FRQYHQLHQWEHFDXVH\RX
GRQWKDYHWRVSHQGWLPHGLJJLQJXS\RXULQVWDOODWLRQ&'V0RUHLPSRUWDQWO\WKHODWHVW
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,I\RXYHQHYHUXVHGyumEHIRUH\RXQHHGWRFRQILJXUHLWILUVW)LUVWW\SHsu -WRORJLQ
DV WKH V\VWHP URRW XVHU DQG WKHQ XSGDWH \RXU /etc/yum.conf FRQILJXUDWLRQ ILOH E\
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# wget http://www.fedorafaq.org/samples/yum.conf
# /bin/mv /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.conf.bak
# /bin/mv yum.conf /etc
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# rpm --upgrade --verbose --hash http://www.fedorafaq.org/yum
Retrieving http://www.fedorafaq.org/yum
Preparing...
########################################### [100%]
1:yum-fedorafaq
########################################### [100%]
2QFH\RXYHFRQILJXUHGyum\RXFDQGRZQORDGDQGLQVWDOODOOWKHSURJUDPV\RXQHHG
E\VLPSO\VSHFLI\LQJWKHPIURPWKHFRPPDQGOLQH
# yum update mysql mysql-server httpd php php-mysql
[root@saiedpc ~]# yum update mysql mysql-server httpd php php-mysql
...
Could not
Could not
Could not
Could not
Resolving
find update match

find update match
find update match
find update match
Dependencies
for
for
for
for
php
php-mysql
mysql-server
mysql
...
=============================================================================
Package
Arch
Version
Repository
Size
=============================================================================
Updating:
httpd
i386
2.2.2-1.2
updates
1.1 M
Updating for dependencies:
httpd-manual
i386
2.2.2-1.2
updates
846 k
mod_ssl
i386
1:2.2.2-1.2
updates
99 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install
0 Package(s)
Update
3 Package(s)
Remove
0 Package(s)
Total download size: 2.0 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): mod_ssl-2.2.2-1.2. 100% |=========================| 99 kB
00:14
(2/3): httpd-2.2.2-1.2.i3 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB

(3/3): httpd-manual-2.2.2 100% |=========================| 846 kB
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : httpd
#########################
Updating : mod_ssl
#########################
Updating : httpd-manual
#########################
Cleanup
: mod_ssl
#########################
Cleanup
: httpd
#########################
Cleanup
: httpd-manual
#########################
03:14
02:40
[1/6]
[2/6]
[3/6]
[4/6]
[5/6]
[6/6]
Updated: httpd.i386 0:2.2.2-1.2

Dependency Updated: httpd-manual.i386 0:2.2.2-1.2 mod_ssl.i386 1:2.2.2-1.2
Complete!
<RXOOVHHORWVRILQWHUHVWLQJPHVVDJHVIODVKE\ZHKDYHQWVKRZQWKHPDOOKHUH,IDOO
JRHVZHOO\RXVKRXOGVHHWKHUHDVVXULQJCompleteVWDWXVPHVVDJHDWWKHHQG,IWKHODWHVW
YHUVLRQRIDSDFNDJHLVDOUHDG\LQVWDOOHGyumZLOOWHOO\RXWKDWLWCouldnotfindupdate
match for WKDW SDFNDJH 7R OHDUQ PRUH DERXW )HGRUD DQG FRQILJXULQJ yum YLVLW WKH
8QRIILFLDO)HGRUD)$4SDJHKWWSZZZIHGRUDIDTRUJ
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XDOO\MXVWDV\RXZRXOGWKH0\64/$%RQHV)RUH[DPSOH\RXFDQYLVLWWKHZHEVLWH
KWWSUSPSERQHQHWDQGVHDUFKIRUmysqlSLFNDQGGRZQORDGWKH530IRU5HG+DWRU
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mysql-server-5.0.22-2.1.i386.rpm \
mysql-5.0.22-2.1.i386.rpm \
httpd-2.2.2-7.i386.rpm \
php-5.1.4-8.1.i386.rpm
Installation on Mandriva
0DQGULYDIRUPHUO\NQRZQDV0DQGUDNHLVYHU\HDV\WRXVHIRUWKLVERRNZHXVHLW
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$ rpm --query --whatprovides mysql mysql-client apache php php-mysql
MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
apache-mpm-prefork-2.2.3-1mdv2007.0
apache-mod_php-5.1.4-1mdk
)LJXUH7KH0DQGULYDSDFNDJHPDQDJHPHQWSURJUDP
php-cli-5.1.4-6mdv2007.0
php-mysql-5.1.4-3mdv2007.0
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,IWKHSDFNDJHVDUHQWSUHVHQW\RXOOVHHPHVVDJHVOLNHWKLV
no package provides php
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# rpmdrake
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SDLQOHVV
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# urpmi.update -a
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$ urpmi mysql mysql-client apache php php-mysql
One of the following packages is needed:
1- MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586 : MySQL: a very fast and reliable SQL database
engine (to install)
2- MySQL-Max-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586 : MySQL - server with extended functionality
(to install)
3- MySQL-NDB-4.1.12-4.3.20060mdk.i586 : MySQL - server with Berkeley DB, Innodb
and NDB Cluster support (to install)
What is your choice? (1-3) 1
To satisfy dependencies, the following packages are going to be installed:
MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586
MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586
MySQL-common-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586
apache-mod_php-5.1.4-2mdv2007.0.i586
libmysql15-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586
perl-DBD-mysql-3.0006-1mdv2007.0.i586
php-mysql-5.1.4-3mdv2007.0.i586
Proceed with the installation of the 7 packages? (39 MB) (Y/n) Y
ftp://somehost.net/somedir/libmysql15-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
ftp://somehost.net/somedir/perl-DBD-mysql-3.0006-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
ftp://somehost.net/somedir/MySQL-common-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
ftp://somehost.net/somedir/MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
ftp://somehost.net/somedir/MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
ftp://somehost.net/somedir/apache-mod_php-5.1.4-2mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
installing
libmysql15-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
MySQL-common-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
perl-DBD-mysql-3.0006-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
apache-mod_php-5.1.4-2mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
)LJXUH7KHHDV\8530,FRQILJXUDWLRQSDJH
php-mysql-5.1.4-3mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
from /var/cache/urpmi/rpms
Preparing...
######...######
1/7: libmysql15
######...######
2/7: MySQL-client
######...######
3/7: perl-DBD-mysql
######...######
4/7: MySQL-common
######...######
5/7: MySQL
######...######
6/7: apache-mod_php
######...######
7/7: php-mysql
######...######
---------------------------------------------------------------------More information on package MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586
The initscript used to start mysql has been reverted to use the one shipped by
MySQL AB. This means the following changes:
* The MYSQLD_OPTIONS="--skip-networking" option in the /etc/sysconfig/mysqld
file has been removed, this is now set in the /etc/my.cnf file.
* The MySQL Instance Manager is used by default, set use_mysqld_safe="1" in
the /etc/sysconfig/mysqld file to use the old mysqld_safe script.
The extra MySQL-NDB server package has been merged into the MySQL-Max package
and ndb related pieces has been split into different sub packages as done by
MySQL AB. The MySQL libraries and the MySQL-common sub package uses the
MySQL-Max build so that no functionality required by for example the NDB parts
are lost.
The MySQL-common package now ships with a default /etc/my.cnf file that is
based on the my-medium.cnf file that comes with the source code. The
/etc/my.cnf file is constructed at build time of this package.
To connect to the Instance Manager you need to pass the correct command line
options like in the following examples:
* mysql -u root --password=my_password --port=2273 --protocol=TCP
* mysql -u root --password=my_password
--socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysqlmanager.sock
Please note you also need to add a user in the /etc/mysqlmanager.passwd file
and make sure the file is owned by the user under which the Instance Manager
service is running under.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm \
MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm \
MySQL-common-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm \
apache-mod_php-5.1.4-2mdv2007.0.i586.rpm \
libmysql15-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm \
perl-DBD-mysql-3.0006-1mdv2007.0.i586.rpm \
php-mysql-5.1.4-3mdv2007.0.i586.rpm
Installing under Debian-based systems

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$ dpkg --list mysql-common mysql-server mysql-client apache2 php5
No packages found matching mysql-client.
No packages found matching apache2.
No packages found matching php5.
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Installed/Config-files/Unpacked/Failed-config/Half-installed
|/ Err?=(none)/Hold/Reinst-required/X=both-problems (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name
Version
Description
+++-============-===============-====================================================
ii mysql-common 5.0.21-3ubuntu1 mysql database common files (e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnf)
un mysql-server <none>
(no description available)
2QVRPHROGHUGLVWULEXWLRQV\RXPD\QHHGWRVSHFLI\php4UDWKHUWKDQphp5
7RLQVWDOO0\64/$SDFKHDQG3+3\RXPXVWILUVWORJLQDVWKHURRWXVHUE\W\SLQJ
su -DQGWKHQXVHWKHapt-get installFRPPDQG
# apt-get --verbose-versions install mysql-common mysql-server mysql-client apache2 php5
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
mysql-common is already the newest version.
The following extra packages will be installed:
apache2-common (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
apache2-mpm-prefork (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
apache2-utils (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
libapache2-mod-php5 (5.1.2-1ubuntu3)
libapr0 (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
libdbd-mysql-perl (3.0002-2build1)
libdbi-perl (1.50-1)
libnet-daemon-perl (0.38-1)
libplrpc-perl (0.2017-1)
mysql-client-5.0 (5.0.21-3ubuntu1)
mysql-server-5.0 (5.0.21-3ubuntu1)
php5-common (5.1.2-1ubuntu3)
ssl-cert (1.0.13)
Suggested packages:
apache2-doc (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
lynx (2.8.5-2ubuntu1)
www-browser ()
php-pear (5.1.2-1ubuntu3)
dbishell ()
libcompress-zlib-perl (1.41-1)
Recommended packages:
mailx (8.1.2-0.20050715cvs-1ubuntu1)
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apache2 (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
apache2-common (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
apache2-mpm-prefork (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
apache2-utils (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
libapache2-mod-php5 (5.1.2-1ubuntu3)
libapr0 (2.0.55-4ubuntu2)
libdbd-mysql-perl (3.0002-2build1)
libdbi-perl (1.50-1)
libnet-daemon-perl (0.38-1)
libplrpc-perl (0.2017-1)
mysql-client (5.0.21-3ubuntu1)
mysql-client-5.0 (5.0.21-3ubuntu1)
mysql-server (5.0.21-3ubuntu1)
mysql-server-5.0 (5.0.21-3ubuntu1)
php5 (5.1.2-1ubuntu3)
php5-common (5.1.2-1ubuntu3)
ssl-cert (1.0.13)
0 upgraded, 17 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 31.9MB/32.2MB of archives.
After unpacking 75.8MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
...
7KH --verbose-versionsRSWLRQGLVSOD\VGHWDLOHGLQIRUPDWLRQRQWKHSDFNDJHV2QFH
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apt-get IRU H[DPSOH \RX FDQ YLVLWWKHZHESDJH KWWSZZZGHELDQRUJGLVWULESDFN
DJHVVHOHFW\RXUGLVWULEXWLRQDQGVHDUFKIRUP\VTO3LFNDQGGRZQORDGWKHSDFNDJH
ZLWKWKHKLJKHVWYHUVLRQQXPEHUIRU\RXUGLVWULEXWLRQ2QFH\RXYHGRZQORDGHGWKH
ILOHVORJLQDVWKHURRWXVHUE\W\SLQJsu -DQGWKHQLQVWDOOWKHSDFNDJHVE\XVLQJWKH
dpkg --installFRPPDQGIRUH[DPSOH
# dpkg --install \
mysql-common_5.0.22-4_all.deb \
mysql-server_5.0.22-4_all.deb \
mysql-client-5.0_5.0.22-4_i386.deb \
libmysqlclient15off_5.0.22-4_i386.deb
+RZHYHULWVTXLWHOLNHO\WKDW\RXOOQHHGWRGRZQORDGRWKHUDVVRFLDWHGSDFNDJHVEHIRUH
WKHLQVWDOODWLRQFDQSURFHHGDQGZHUHFRPPHQGWKDW\RXXVHWKHapt-getDSSURDFKWR
DXWRPDWHWKHSURFHVV$VZHPHQWLRQHGHDUOLHULQ,QVWDOOLQJ8QGHU/LQX[\RXFDQ
DOVRGRZQORDGSDFNDJHVLQWKHGHEIRUPDWIURPWKH0\64/$%GRZQORDGVSDJH
Uninstalling MySQL
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rpm --upgradeurpmiyum updateRUapt-get installFRPPDQGVGHVFULEHGHDUOLHU,I
\RXDFWXDOO\ZDQWWRUHPRYHDSDFNDJHDOWRJHWKHUUDWKHUWKDQXSJUDGLQJLW\RXVKRXOG
ILUVWW\SH su -WRORJLQDVWKHURRWXVHUDQGWKHQH[HFXWHWKHDSSURSULDWHXQLQVWDOO
FRPPDQGV
1RWHWKDWWKHGDWDGLUHFWRU\WKDWFRQWDLQV\RXUGDWDEDVHILOHVLVQRWDFWXDOO\LQVWDOOHG
EXWFUHDWHGDIWHULQVWDOODWLRQ7KLVLVW\SLFDOO\WKHGLUHFWRU\GDWDXQGHUWKH0\64/EDVH
GLUHFWRU\RUYDUOLEP\VTOIRUD/LQX[GLVWULEXWLRQSDFNDJHLQVWDOODWLRQ8QLQVWDOOLQJ
0\64/SDFNDJHVGRHVQRWGHOHWHWKLVGLUHFWRU\VRWKHILOHVFRQWDLQLQJ\RXUGDWDVKRXOG
UHPDLQLQSODFHXQFKDQJHG
)RU DQ 530EDVHG V\VWHP VXFK DV 5HG +DW )HGRUD RU 0DQGULYD XVH WKH
rpm --eraseFRPPDQGWRXQLQVWDOOVSHFLILFSDFNDJHV,I\RXUHXQVXUHZKDWWKHH[DFW
SDFNDJHQDPHVDUH\RXFDQXVHWKHrpm --query --allFRPPDQGWROLVWDOOWKHLQVWDOOHG
530SDFNDJHVWRJHWKHUZLWKWKH grep --ignore-caseFRPPDQGWRVKRZRQO\WKRVH
ZLWKP\VTOLQXSSHUFDVHRUORZHUFDVHOHWWHUVLQWKHLUQDPH

$ rpm --query --all | grep --ignore-case mysql
perl-DBD-mysql-3.0004-1mdv2007.0
MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
libmysql15-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
php-mysql-5.1.4-3mdv2007.0
MySQL-common-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
1RWHWKDWWKHUSPILOHH[WHQVLRQLVQRWFRQVLGHUHGWREHSDUWRIWKHSDFNDJHQDPH7R
XQLQVWDOO530SDFNDJHV\RXXVHWKH rpmFRPPDQGZLWKWKH --eraseRSWLRQDQGOLVW
WKHSDFNDJHVWRUHPRYH)RUH[DPSOH\RXGW\SHDOORQRQHOLQH
# rpm --erase \
perl-DBD-mysql-3.0004-1mdv2007.0 \
MySQL-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0 \
libmysql15-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0 \
MySQL-client-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0 \
php-mysql-5.1.4-3mdv2007.0 \
MySQL-common-5.0.23-1mdv2007.0
<RXFDQTXHU\DQGUHPRYHWKHSDFNDJHVLQRQHJRE\XVLQJWKHxargsFRPPDQG
# rpm --query --all | grep --ignore-case mysql | xargs rpm --erase
warning: /etc/my.cnf saved as /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave
#
2QD5HG+DWRU)HGRUDV\VWHPZLWKyum\RXFDQDOVRXVHWKHyum removeFRPPDQG
# yum remove mysql
[root@saiedpc yum.repos.d]# yum remove mysql
...
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package
Arch
Version
Repository
Size
=============================================================================
Removing:
mysql
i386
5.0.22-1.FC5.1 installed
5.5 M
Removing for dependencies:
MySQL-python
i386
1.2.0-3.2.2
installed
2.3 M
libdbi-dbd-mysql
i386
0.8.1a-1.2.1
installed
37 k
mysql-connector-odbc
i386
3.51.12-1.2.1
installed
387 k
mysql-server
i386
5.0.22-1.FC5.1 installed
22 M
perl-Class-DBI-mysql
noarch
1.00-1.fc5
installed
38 k
perl-DBD-MySQL
i386
3.0004-1.FC5
installed
324 k
php-mysql
i386
5.1.4-1
installed
176 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install
0 Package(s)
Update
0 Package(s)
Remove
8 Package(s)
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Removing : mysql-connector-odbc
######...###### [1/8]
Removing : perl-Class-DBI-mysql
######...###### [2/8]
Removing : perl-DBD-MySQL
######...###### [3/8]
Removing : php-mysql
######...###### [4/8]
Removing : mysql
######...###### [5/8]
Removing : libdbi-dbd-mysql
######...###### [6/8]
Removing : MySQL-python
######...###### [7/8]
warning: /var/log/mysqld.log saved as /var/log/mysqld.log.rpmsave
Removing : mysql-server
######...###### [8/8]
Removed: mysql.i386 0:5.0.22-1.FC5.1
Dependency Removed:
MySQL-python.i386 0:1.2.0-3.2.2
libdbi-dbd-mysql.i386 0:0.8.1a-1.2.1
mysql-connector-odbc.i386 0:3.51.12-1.2.1
mysql-server.i386 0:5.0.22-1.FC5.1
perl-Class-DBI-mysql.noarch 0:1.00-1.fc5
perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:3.0004-1.FC5
php-mysql.i386 0:5.1.4-1
Complete!
)RU'HELDQEDVHGV\VWHPV\RXFDQXQLQVWDOOWKH0\64/VHUYHUDQGFOLHQWE\XVLQJWKH
apt-get removeFRPPDQG
# apt-get remove mysql-server mysql-client
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
mysql-client mysql-server
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B of archives.
After unpacking 31.3MB disk space will be freed.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
(Reading database ... 103699 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing mysql-client ...
Removing mysql-server ...
,I\RXUHXQVXUHZKDWWRXVHIRUWKHSDFNDJHQDPHV\RXFDQVHDUFKIRUSDFNDJHVDVVR
FLDWHGZLWK0\64/XVLQJWKHIROORZLQJFRPPDQG
# dpkg --search "*mysql*" | cut --fields=1 --delimiter=":" | sort --unique
Installing MySQL, Apache, PHP, and Perl on Linux Using the XAMPP
Integrated Package
7RLQVWDOO;$033RQ\RXU/LQX[V\VWHPILUVWYLVLWWKH;$033KRPHSDJHKWWSZZZ
DSDFKHIULHQGVRUJHQ[DPSSKWPOIROORZWKHOLQNWR;$033IRU/LQX[DQGGRZQORDG
WKHJ]LSSHGWDUSDFNDJH6ZLWFKWRWKHVXSHUXVHUDFFRXQW
$ su -
DQGFUHDWHWKHGLUHFWRU\RSW
# mkdir --parents /opt
:HUHXVLQJWKH --parentsRSWLRQKHUHWRWHOO/LQX[QRWWRFRPSODLQLIWKHGLUHFWRU\
DOUHDG\H[LVWV
1RZFKDQJHWRWKLVGLUHFWRU\DQGH[WUDFWWKHILOHVIURPWKHSDFNDJH
# cd /opt
# tar --gunzip --extract --file ~adam/xampp-linux-1.5.3a.tar.gz
+HUHZHYHDVVXPHGWKDWWKHGRZQORDGHGILOHLVLQadamVKRPHGLUHFWRU\~adamXVH

WKHDSSURSULDWHORFDWLRQRQ\RXUV\VWHP
<RXFDQQRZVWDUW;$033E\W\SLQJ
# /opt/lampp/lampp start
Starting XAMPP for Linux 1.5.3a...
XAMPP: Starting Apache with SSL (and PHP5)...
XAMPP: Starting MySQL...
XAMPP: Starting ProFTPD...
XAMPP for Linux started.
,IWKHUHLVDOUHDG\DUXQQLQJ0\64/RU$SDFKHVHUYHUUXQQLQJRQ\RXUV\VWHP;$033
PD\FRPSODLQGXULQJVWDUWXS,IWKLVKDSSHQVVKXWWKHVHGRZQEHIRUHWU\LQJWRVWDUW
;$033DJDLQ6WRSDQ\H[LVWLQJ0\64/RU$SDFKHVHUYHUEHIRUHVWDUWLQJ;$033
1RZWKDWWKHVHUYHUVUXQQLQJWLJKWHQXSWKHVHFXULW\VHWWLQJVE\W\SLQJ
# /opt/lampp/lampp security
XAMPP: Quick security check...
XAMPP: Your XAMPP pages are NOT secured by a password.
XAMPP: Do you want to set a password? [yes] n
XAMPP: MySQL is accessible via network.
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
XAMPP:
Normally that's not recommended. Do you want me to turn it off? [yes] y

Turned off.
Stopping MySQL...
Starting MySQL...
The MySQL/phpMyAdmin user pma has no password set!!!
Do you want to set a password? [yes] y
Password:
Password (again):
Setting new MySQL pma password.
Setting phpMyAdmin's pma password to the new one.
MySQL has no root password set!!!
Do you want to set a password? [yes] y
Write the password somewhere down to make sure you won't forget it!!!
Password:
Password (again):
Setting new MySQL root password.
Change phpMyAdmin's authentication method.
The FTP password is still set to 'lampp'.
Do you want to change the password? [yes] y
Password:
Password (again):
Reload ProFTPD...
Done.
7KLVZLOODOORZ\RXWRVHWDSDVVZRUGIRUWKH0\64/VHUYHUDQGDOVRWRFRQILJXUHWKH
VHUYHUIRULPSURYHGVHFXULW\
7KH;$033LQVWDOODWLRQPD\KDYH3+3FRQILJXUHGZLWKWKHregister_globalsVHWWLQJ
WXUQHGRQ<RXVKRXOGGLVDEOHWKLVROGLQVHFXUHIHDWXUH2SHQWKHILOHRSWODPSSHWF
SKSLQLDQGORRNIRUWKHOLQHregister_globals = On&KDQJHWKHYDOXHOnWROffVDYH
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$SDFKHVHUYHU
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# /opt/lampp/lampp stop
Stopping XAMPP for Linux 1.5.3a...
XAMPP: Stopping Apache with SSL...
XAMPP: Stopping MySQL...
XAMPP: Stopping ProFTPD...
XAMPP stopped.
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Configuring a Newly Installed Server

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GDWDEDVHWDEOHVDQGFRQILJXUHWKHVHUYHUIRUJRRGVHFXULW\2QHRIWKHILUVWWKLQJVWRGR
LVWRVHWDSDVVZRUGIRUWKHGDWDEDVH rootDFFRXQWWKLVLVQRWWKHVDPHDVWKHV\VWHP
rootDFFRXQWEXWLVVLPLODULQWKDWLWKDVDOOSULYLOHJHVRQWKH0\64/VHUYHU/HWVORRN
DWWKUHHVLWXDWLRQV
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<RXYHLQVWDOOHGDORFDOVHUYHUWRUXQXQGHU\RXURZQDFFRXQWXVLQJDWDUEDOORUE\
FRPSLOLQJVRXUFHFRGH
$VZHH[SODLQHGHDUOLHUWKH;$033SDFNDJHLVWLJKWO\LQWHJUDWHGDQGLVQRWGHVLJQHG
IRUHDV\PRGLILFDWLRQVRZHZRQWH[SORUHKRZWRFXVWRPL]HDQ;$033LQVWDOODWLRQ
Configuring a server installed using RPM or Debian packages

7KHSDFNDJHLQVWDOODWLRQSURFHVVJHQHUDOO\SODFHVWKH0\64/SURJUDPILOHVLQWKHXVU
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WKHHWFLQLWGP\VTORUHWFLQLWGP\VTOG0\64/GDHPRQVWDUWXSVFULSWIRUHDV\FRQ
WURORIWKHVHUYHU
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$ ls /etc/init.d/mysql*
/etc/init.d/mysql
,QWKHSUHFHGLQJH[DPSOHWKHILOHLVFDOOHGmysql8VHWKHDSSURSULDWHQDPHmysqlRU
mysqldZKHUH\RXVHHmysqlLQWKHFRPPDQGVEHORZ
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# /etc/init.d/mysql start
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$ mysqladmin --user=root password the_new_mysql_root_password
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# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
7KHSDFNDJHEDVHGLQVWDOODWLRQSURFHVVJHQHUDOO\VWDUWVWKH0\64/VHUYHUDQGFRQILJ
XUHV LW WR EH VWDUWHG DXWRPDWLFDOO\ HDFK WLPH WKH V\VWHP LV VWDUWHG ,Q &RQILJXULQJ
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Configuring a system-wide server installed from tarball or source

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# groupadd mysql
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# useradd --gid mysql mysql
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ORFDOP\VTO
# cd /usr/local/mysql
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# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
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# chown --recursive root:mysql .
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# chown --recursive mysql:mysql data
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WRULHVHDUOLHULQWKLVFKDSWHU
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# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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\RXZRQWVHHWKHVKHOOSURPSWDJDLQXQWLOWKH0\64/VHUYHULVVWRSSHGIURPDQRWKHU
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$ bin/mysqladmin --user=root password the_new_mysql_root_password
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$ bin/mysqladmin --user=root --password=the_mysql_root_password shutdown
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0\64/VHUYHUDQG\RXGRQWQHHGWREHORJJHGLQDVWKH/LQX[rootXVHUWRVKXWGRZQ
WKHVHUYHUZLWKmysqladmin
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$ support-files/mysql.server start
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$ support-files/mysql.server stop
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# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
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# /etc/init.d/mysql start
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# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
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0\64/IRUDXWRPDWLFVWDUW
Configuring a local server

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GLUHFWRU\DQGWKHVHUYHUZLOOUXQXQGHU\RXUXVHUQDPHUDWKHUWKDQmysql
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$ cd ~/mysql
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$ scripts/mysql_install_db
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\RXFDQVSHFLI\WKHSDWKXVLQJWKHdatadirRSWLRQDVLQ
$ mysql_install_db datadir=/home/adam/MySQL_Data
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$ chown --recursive adam:adam ~/mysql
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$ bin/mysqld_safe --port=57777 --socket=~/mysql/data/mysql.sock &
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$ ~/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe \
--port=57777 \
--socket=~/mysql/data/mysql.sock \
--datadir=~/mysql/data &
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$ bin/mysqladmin \
--port=57777 \
--user=root \
password the_new_mysql_root_password
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$ bin/mysqladmin \
--port=57777 \
--user=root \
--password=the_mysql_root_password \
shutdown
Configuring MySQL for automatic start

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$ ls /etc/init.d/mysql*
/etc/init.d/mysql
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mysqldZKHUH\RXVHHmysqlLQWKHFRPPDQGVEHORZ
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WDUEDOORUVRXUFH
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VFUHHQ7KHUHVDQHDV\ZD\WRFKHFNZKDWUXQOHYHO\RXUHLQMXVWXVHWKH runlevel
SURJUDPLQWKHVELQGLUHFWRU\
$ /sbin/runlevel
N 5
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$ ls /etc/rc*.d/*mysql*
/etc/rc0.d/K90mysql /etc/rc2.d/S11mysql /etc/rc4.d/S11mysql /etc/rc6.d/K90mysql
/etc/rc1.d/K90mysql /etc/rc3.d/S11mysql /etc/rc5.d/S11mysql
7KHHQWULHVVWDUWLQJZLWK6VWDUWWKHSURJUDPZKHQWKHV\VWHPLVERRWHGDQGWKH
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0DQGULYD V\VWHPV \RX FDQ PRUH FRQYHQLHQWO\ GHWHUPLQH WKLV XVLQJ WKH chkconfig
--listFRPPDQG
# chkconfig --list mysql
mysql
0:off
1:off
2:on
3:on
4:on
5:on
6:off
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# chkconfig --level 35 mysql on
WRHQDEOHDXWRPDWLFVWDUWXSLQUXQOHYHOVDQGFRUUHVSRQGLQJWRQRUPDOFRQVROHRU
JUDSKLFDORSHUDWLRQUXQOHYHOVDQG
# chkconfig --level 35 mysql off
WRGLVDEOHLW
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PDQG(QDEOH0\64/DVIROORZV
# update-rc.d mysql defaults
Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/mysql ...
/etc/rc0.d/K20mysql -> ../init.d/mysql
/etc/rc2.d/S20mysql -> ../init.d/mysql
DQGGLVDEOHDXWRPDWLFVWDUWXSDVIROORZV
# update-rc.d -f mysql remove
update-rc.d: /etc/init.d/mysql exists during rc.d purge (continuing)
Removing any system startup links for /etc/init.d/mysql ...
/etc/rc0.d/K20mysql
/etc/rc1.d/K20mysql
/etc/rc2.d/S20mysql
/etc/rc3.d/S20mysql
/etc/rc4.d/S20mysql
/etc/rc5.d/S20mysql
/etc/rc6.d/K20mysql
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Installing Under Windows

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Installing Under Windows | 51
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Installing Only MySQL Using Packages from MySQL AB

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Windows installation using the installer

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Starting and stopping MySQL as a service

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C:\> net start mysql
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C:\> net stop mysql
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C:\> cd "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0"
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C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0> bin\mysqladmin \
--user=root \
shutdown
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Starting and stopping MySQL from the command line

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C:\> cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\
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C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0> bin\mysqld-nt
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C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0> bin\mysqld-nt --no-defaults
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C:\> cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\
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C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0> bin\mysqladmin \

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shutdown
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Installation with the no-install .zip Archive

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...
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...
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...
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...
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...
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Fill help tables
/home/saied/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Can't read dir of '/root/tmp/' (Errcode: 13)
...
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Starting Nmap 4.11 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2006-07-23 02:09 EST
Interesting ports on saied-ltc.cs.rmit.edu.au (127.0.0.1):
Not shown: 1669 closed ports
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050813 22:31:04 mysqld started
050813 22:31:04 InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
InnoDB: the directory.
InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
InnoDB: File operation call: 'create'.
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050813 22:31:04 mysqld ended
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$ bin/mysqladmin --user=root --password-che-root.passwordshutdown
STOPPING server from pid file /var/run/mysql.pid
060706 21:04:02 mysqld ended
The Contents of the MySQL Directory

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The Contents of the MySQL Directory | 81
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Setting up Perl | 89
# perl -MCPAN -e 'install DBI'

# perl -MCPAN -e 'install DBD::mysql;'
# perl -MCPAN -e 'install CGI;'
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Are you ready for manual configuration? [yes]
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# yum update perl-DBI perl-DBD-mysql perl-CGI
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# apt-get install libdbi-perl libdbd-mysql-perl libcgi-pm-perl
Installing Perl modules under Windows

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C:\> ASSOC .pl=PerlScript
C:\> FTYPE PerlScript=C:\Program Files\xampp\perl\bin\perl.exe %1 %*
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Installing Perl modules under Mac OS X

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$ sudo /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/mampp start
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$ sudo chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/lib/perl5
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$ sudo /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/perl -MCPAN -e 'install DBI;'
$ sudo /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/perl -MCPAN -e 'install DBD::mysql;'
$ sudo /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/perl -MCPAN -e 'install CGI;'
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Are you ready for manual configuration? [yes]
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Problems installing the Perl modules

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Error: Unable to locate installed Perl libraries or Perl source code.
It is recommended that you install perl in a standard location before
Setting up Perl | 91
building extensions. Some precompiled versions of perl do not contain

these header files, so you cannot build extensions. In such a case,
please build and install your perl from a fresh perl distribution. It
usually solves this kind of problem.
(You get this message, because MakeMaker could not find
"/System/Library/Perl/5.8.1/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/perl.h")
# Looks like your test died before it could output anything.
Running make test
Make had some problems, maybe interrupted? Won't test
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Make had some problems, maybe interrupted? Won't install
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$ ls ~/.cpan/build
DBD-mysql-3.0002
DBI-1.48
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Resources
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Resources | 93
Exercises
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CHAPTER 3
Using the MySQL Monitor
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Starting the Monitor

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$ mysql --user=root
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$ mysql --user=root --password=the_mysql_root_password
95
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$ mysql \
--socket=server_socket \
--user=root \
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$mysql \
--host=server_host_name \
--port=server_port \
--user=root \
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Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 456 to server version: 5.0.22
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>
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mysql> SELECT VERSION();
+------------+
| VERSION() |
+------------+
| 5.0.22 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
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mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+----------+
| Database |
+----------+
96 | Chapter 3:Using the MySQL Monitor
| mysql
|
| test
|
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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Style, Case, and Semicolons

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mysql> SELECT User,Host
-> FROM user;
+------+--------------------------+
Style, Case, and Semicolons | 97
| User | Host
|
+------+--------------------------+
|
| localhost
|
| root | localhost
|
|
| saied-ltc.cs.rmit.edu.au |
| root | saied-ltc.cs.rmit.edu.au |
+------+--------------------------+
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mysql> USE test
Database changed
+RZHYHULI\RXWU\WRVSDQWKHFRPPDQGRYHUPRUHWKDQRQHOLQH\RXZRQWJHWIDU
mysql> USE
ERROR:
USE must be followed by a database name
The Monitor Help

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mysql> HELP
For information about MySQL products and services, visit:
http://www.mysql.com/
For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:
http://dev.mysql.com/
To buy MySQL Network Support, training, or other products, visit:
https://shop.mysql.com/
List of all MySQL commands:
Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'
?
(\?) Synonym for `help'.
clear
(\c) Clear command.
connect
(\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.
delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter. NOTE: Takes the rest of the line as new
delimiter.
Edit command with $EDITOR.
Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.
Exit mysql. Same as quit.
Send command to mysql server.
Display this help.
Disable pager, print to stdout.
Don't write into outfile.
Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.
Print current command.
Change your mysql prompt.
Quit mysql.
Rebuild completion hash.
Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.
Get status information from the server.
Execute a system shell command.
Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.
Use another database. Takes database name as argument.
Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with
multi-byte charsets.
warnings (\W) Show warnings after every statement.
nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.
edit
ego
exit
go
help
nopager
notee
pager
print
prompt
quit
rehash
source
status
system
tee
use
charset
(\e)
(\G)
(\q)
(\g)
(\h)
(\n)
(\t)
(\P)
(\p)
(\R)
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For server side help, type 'help contents'
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mysql> HELP Contents
You asked for help about help category: "Contents"
For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following
categories:
Account Management
Administration
Data Definition
Data Manipulation
Data Types
Functions
Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY
The Monitor Help | 99
Geographic Features
Language Structure
Storage Engines
Stored Routines
Table Maintenance
Transactions
Triggers
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mysql> HELP Data Manipulation
You asked for help about help category: "Data Manipulation"
For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following
topics:
CACHE INDEX
...
DELETE
...
EXPLAIN
...
INSERT
...
SELECT
...
SHOW
...
SHOW CREATE DATABASE
...
SHOW CREATE TABLE
...
SHOW DATABASES
...
SHOW GRANTS
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SHOW STATUS
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SHOW TABLES
...
UPDATE
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mysql> HELP SHOW DATABASES
Name: 'SHOW DATABASES'
Description:
Syntax:
SHOW {DATABASES | SCHEMAS} [LIKE 'pattern']
SHOW DATABASES lists the

only those databases for
you have the global SHOW
list using the mysqlshow
databases on the MySQL server host. You see

which you have some kind of privilege, unless
DATABASES privilege. You can also get this
command.
If the server was started with the --skip-show-database option, you

cannot use this statement at all unless you have the SHOW DATABASES
privilege.
SHOW SCHEMAS can be used as of MySQL 5.0.2
Running the Monitor in Batch Mode

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use mysql;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM user;
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mysql> SOURCE count_users.sql
Database changed
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 4
|
+----------+
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Running the Monitor in Batch Mode | 101
$ mysql --user=root --password=the_mysql_root_password < count_users.sql

count(*)
4
Loading the Sample Databases

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mysql> SOURCE path_to_music.sql_file;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
...
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+----------+
| Database |
+----------+
| music
|
| mysql
|
| test
|
+----------+
mysql>
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PRQLWRUE\W\SLQJquit
mysql> quit
MySQL Monitor Program Options

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password
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$ mysql --user=the_username
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'the_username'@'localhost'
(using password: NO)
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Enter password:
(using password: NO)
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Enter password:
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mysql>
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MySQL Monitor Program Options | 103
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mysql> DELETE FROM user;
ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update
a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column
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--port=57777 \
--user=moodleuser \
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Exercises
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Exercises | 105
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PART II
Using MySQL
CHAPTER 4
Modeling and Designing Databases
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How Not to Develop a Database

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IRUHDFKRIWKHLUFRXUVHV
+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+
| GivenNames | Surname | CourseName
| Pctg |
+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+
| John Paul | Bloggs | Web Database Applications | 72 |
| Sarah
| Doe
| Programming 1
| 87 |
| John Paul | Bloggs | Computing Mathematics
| 43 |
| 65 |
| Sarah
| Doe
| Web Database Applications | 65 |
| Susan
| Smith
| Computing Mathematics
| 75 |
| Susan
| Smith
| Programming 1
| 55 |
| Susan
| Smith
| 80 |
+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+
109
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+------------+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+
| StudentID | GivenNames | Surname | CourseName
| Pctg |
+------------+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+
| 12345678
| John Paul | Bloggs | Web Database Applications | 72 |
| 12345121
| Sarah
| Doe
| Programming 1
| 87 |
| 12345678
| 43 |
| 12345678
| 65 |
| 12345121
| Sarah
| Doe
| Web Database Applications | 65 |
| 12345876
| Susan
| Smith | Computing Mathematics
| 75 |
| 12345876
| Susan
| Smith | Programming 1
| 55 |
| 12345303
| Susan
| 80 |
+------------+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+
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+------------+------------+---------+---------------------------+------+-----+------+
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Come Away With Me
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Cold, Cold Heart
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Come Away with Me
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Turn Me On
154
Lonestar
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187
Exercises | 133
CHAPTER 5
Basic SQL
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135
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136 | Chapter 5:Basic SQL
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|
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|
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|
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Using the Music Database | 137
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| Field
| Type
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| artist_id
|
|
| NO |
|
|
|
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
/HWVH[DPLQHWKHWDEOHVWUXFWXUHPRUHFORVHO\$V\RXGH[SHFWIURPWKH(5PRGHOLQ
)LJXUHWKH artistWDEOHFRQWDLQVWZRFROXPQV artist_idDQG artist_name7KH
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IRUartist_idDQGDFKDUDFWHUVWULQJRIOHQJWKIRUartist_nameDQGZKHWKHUWKH
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WKHSULPDU\NH\IRUWKHWDEOH'RQWZRUU\DERXWWKHGHWDLOVDOOWKDWVLPSRUWDQWULJKW
QRZLVWKHFROXPQQDPHVartist_idDQGartist_name
:HOOQRZH[SORUHWKHRWKHUWKUHHWDEOHV+HUHDUHWKH SHOW COLUMNSVWDWHPHQWV\RX
QHHGWRW\SH
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM album;
+------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
+------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| artist_id | int(5)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id
| int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_name | char(128) | YES |
| NULL
|
|
+------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM track;
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| track_id
| int(3)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| track_name | char(128)
| YES |
| NULL
|
|
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id
| int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| time
| decimal(5,2) | YES |
| NULL
|
|
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM played;
+-----------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
| Field
| Type
| Null | Key | Default
| Extra |
+-----------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id | int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| track_id | int(3)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| played
| timestamp | YES | PRI | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
|
+-----------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
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XVHRIWKHVHIUHTXHQWO\ODWHUZKHQZHUHOHDUQLQJDERXWTXHU\LQJ1RWLFHDOVRWKDWEH
FDXVHDOORIWKHVHWKUHHHQWLWLHVDUHZHDNHDFKWDEOHFRQWDLQVWKHSULPDU\NH\FROXPQV
IURP WKH WDEOH LWV UHODWHG WR )RU H[DPSOH WKH track WDEOH FRQWDLQV artist_id
album_idDQG track_idEHFDXVHWKHFRPELQDWLRQRIDOOWKUHHLVUHTXLUHGWRXQLTXHO\
LGHQWLI\DWUDFN
,QWKHQH[WVHFWLRQZHVKRZ\RXKRZWRH[SORUHWKHGDWDWKDWVVWRUHGLQWKH music
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The SELECT Statement and Basic Querying Techniques

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WKH0\64/PRQLWRU1RZWKDW\RXXQGHUVWDQGWKH musicGDWDEDVH\RXUHUHDG\WR
VWDUWH[SORULQJLWVGDWDDQGWROHDUQWKH64/ODQJXDJHWKDWVXVHGE\DOO0\64/FOLHQWV
,QWKLVVHFWLRQZHLQWURGXFHWKHPRVWFRPPRQO\XVHG64/NH\ZRUGDQGWKHRQO\RQH
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PHQWVRIVW\OHDQGV\QWD[DQGWKHIHDWXUHVRIWKHWHEREFODXVH%RROHDQRSHUDWRUVDQG
VRUWLQJ PXFK RI WKLV DOVR DSSOLHV WR RXU ODWHU GLVFXVVLRQV RI INSERT UPDATE DQG
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ZKHUHZHVKRZ\RXKRZWRXVHLWVDGYDQFHGIHDWXUHV
Single Table SELECTs

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mysql> use music;
Database changed
/HWVUHWULHYHDOORIWKHGDWDLQWKHartistWDEOH
mysql> SELECT * FROM artist;
+-----------+---------------------------+
| artist_id | artist_name
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
|
1 | New Order
|
|
2 | Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds |
|
3 | Miles Davis
|
|
4 | The Rolling Stones
|
|
5 | The Stone Roses
|
|
6 | Kylie Minogue
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
7KH RXWSXW KDV VL[ URZV DQG HDFK URZ FRQWDLQV WKH YDOXHV IRU WKH artist_id DQG
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The SELECT Statement and Basic Querying Techniques | 139
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7KHFROXPQVWREHGLVSOD\HG,QRXUILUVWH[DPSOHZHDVNHGIRUDOOFROXPQVE\
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ZKDW0\64/KDVUHWXUQHGWRXV
/HWVWU\DQRWKHUVLPSOH SELECT7KLVWLPHZHOOUHWULHYHDOOFROXPQVIURPWKH album
WDEOH
mysql> SELECT * FROM album;
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| artist_id | album_id | album_name
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
|
2 |
1 | Let Love In
|
|
1 |
1 | Retro - John McCready FAN
|
|
1 |
2 | Substance (Disc 2)
|
|
1 |
3 | Retro - Miranda Sawyer POP
|
|
1 |
4 | Retro - New Order / Bobby Gillespie LIVE |
|
3 |
1 | Live Around The World
|
|
3 |
2 | In A Silent Way
|
|
1 |
5 | Power, Corruption & Lies
|
|
4 |
1 | Exile On Main Street
|
|
1 |
6 | Substance 1987 (Disc 1)
|
|
5 |
1 | Second Coming
|
|
6 |
1 | Light Years
|
|
1 |
7 | Brotherhood
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
:HKDYHDOEXPVLQRXUGDWDEDVHDQGWKHRXWSXWKDVWKHVDPHEDVLFVWUXFWXUHDVRXU
ILUVWH[DPSOH
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&DYH 7KH%DG6HHGV6R1LFN&DYHUHFRUGHG/HW/RYH,Q<RXOODOVRQRWLFHWKDW
WKHDOEXPVZHRZQIRUDJLYHQDUWLVWHDFKKDYHDQXPEHULQWKHalbum_idFROXPQ<RX
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Choosing Columns
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mysql> SELECT artist_name FROM artist;
+---------------------------+
| artist_name
|
+---------------------------+
| New Order
|
| Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds |
| Miles Davis
|
| The Rolling Stones
|
| The Stone Roses
|
| Kylie Minogue
|
+---------------------------+
,I\RXZDQWERWKWKHartist_nameDQGWKHartist_idLQWKDWRUGHU\RXGXVH
mysql> SELECT artist_name,artist_id FROM artist;
+---------------------------+-----------+
| artist_name
| artist_id |
+---------------------------+-----------+
| New Order
|
1 |
2 |
| Miles Davis
|
3 |
|
4 |
| The Stone Roses
|
5 |
| Kylie Minogue
|
6 |
+---------------------------+-----------+
<RXFDQHYHQOLVWFROXPQVPRUHWKDQRQFH
mysql> SELECT artist_id, artist_id FROM artist;
+-----------+-----------+
| artist_id | artist_id |
+-----------+-----------+
|
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
2 |
|
3 |
3 |
|
4 |
4 |
|
5 |
5 |
|
6 |
6 |
+-----------+-----------+
(YHQWKRXJKWKLVDSSHDUVSRLQWOHVVLWFDQEHXVHIXOZKHQFRPELQHGZLWKDOLDVHVLQ
PRUHDGYDQFHGTXHULHVDVZHVKRZLQ&KDSWHU
<RXFDQVSHFLI\GDWDEDVHVWDEOHVDQGFROXPQQDPHVLQDSELECTVWDWHPHQW7KLVDOORZV
\RXWRDYRLGWKH USEFRPPDQGDQGZRUNZLWKDQ\GDWDEDVHDQGWDEOHGLUHFWO\ZLWK
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&RQVLGHUDQH[DPSOHVXSSRVH\RXZDQWWRUHWULHYHWKH album_nameFROXPQIURPWKH
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mysql> SELECT album_name FROM music.album;
+------------------------------------------+
| album_name
|
+------------------------------------------+
| Let Love In
|
| Retro - John McCready FAN
|
| Substance (Disc 2)
|
| Retro - Miranda Sawyer POP
|
| Retro - New Order / Bobby Gillespie LIVE |
| Live Around The World
|
| In A Silent Way
|
| Power, Corruption & Lies
|
| Exile On Main Street
|
| Substance 1987 (Disc 1)
|
| Second Coming
|
| Light Years
|
| Brotherhood
|
+------------------------------------------+
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LWValbumWDEOH7KHUHVQRQHHGWRHQWHUUSE musicEHIRUHUXQQLQJWKLVTXHU\7KLVV\QWD[
FDQDOVREHXVHGZLWKRWKHU64/VWDWHPHQWVLQFOXGLQJWKHUPDATEDELETEINSERTDQG
SHOWVWDWHPHQWVZHGLVFXVVODWHULQWKLVFKDSWHU
Choosing Rows with the WHERE Clause

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WHERE basics
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IURPD SELECTVWDWHPHQW<RXXVHLWWRUHWXUQURZVWKDWPDWFKDFRQGLWLRQVXFKDV
KDYLQJDFROXPQYDOXHWKDWH[DFWO\PDWFKHVDVWULQJDQXPEHUJUHDWHURUOHVVWKDQD
YDOXHRUDVWULQJWKDWLVDSUHIL[RIDQRWKHU$OPRVWDOORXUH[DPSOHVLQWKLVDQGODWHU
FKDSWHUVFRQWDLQWHEREFODXVHVDQG\RXOOEHFRPHYHU\IDPLOLDUZLWKWKHP
7KHVLPSOHVW WHEREFODXVHLVRQHWKDWH[DFWO\PDWFKHVDYDOXH&RQVLGHUDQH[DPSOH
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ZKDW\RXW\SH
mysql> SELECT * FROM artist WHERE artist_name = "New Order";
+-----------+-------------+
| artist_id | artist_name |
+-----------+-------------+
|
1 | New Order
|
+-----------+-------------+
0\64/UHWXUQVDOOURZVWKDWPDWFKRXUVHDUFKFULWHULDLQWKLVFDVHMXVWWKHRQHURZ
DQG DOO LWV FROXPQV )URP WKLV \RX FDQ VHH WKDW WKH DUWLVW 1HZ 2UGHU KDV DQ
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mysql> SELECT artist_name FROM artist WHERE artist_id = 4;
+--------------------+
| artist_name
|
+--------------------+
| The Rolling Stones |
+--------------------+
,QWKLVH[DPSOHZHYHFKRVHQERWKDFROXPQDQGDURZZHYHLQFOXGHGWKHFROXPQ
QDPHartist_nameDIWHUWKHSELECTNH\ZRUGDVZHOODVWHERE artist_id = 4
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RQHYHU\DOEXPWKDWKDVDWOHDVWWKDWPDQ\VRQJV<RXW\SHLQ
mysql> SELECT track_name FROM track WHERE track_id = 13;
+------------------------------------------+
| track_name
|
+------------------------------------------+
| Every Little Counts
|
| Everyone Everywhere
|
| Turn My Way [Olympia, Liverpool 18/7/01] |
| Let It Loose
|
+------------------------------------------+
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WKH track WDEOH ZLWK LQIRUPDWLRQZHJHWIURPWKH albumWDEOHZHFRXOGGLVSOD\WKH
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mysql> SELECT artist_name FROM artist WHERE artist_id < 5;
+---------------------------+
| artist_name
|
+---------------------------+
| New Order
|
| Miles Davis
|
|
+---------------------------+
)RUQXPEHUVWKHIUHTXHQWO\XVHGRSHUDWRUVDUHHTXDOV=JUHDWHUWKDQ>OHVVWKDQ

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&RQVLGHU RQH PRUH H[DPSOH ,I \RX ZDQW WR ILQG DOO DOEXPV WKDW GRQW KDYH DQ
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mysql> SELECT album_name FROM album WHERE album_id <> 2;
+------------------------------------------+
| album_name
|
+------------------------------------------+
| Let Love In
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Second Coming
|
| Light Years
|
| Brotherhood
|
+------------------------------------------+
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FDQXVHHLWKHU<>RU!=IRUQRWHTXDO
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mysql> SELECT artist_name FROM artist WHERE artist_name < 'M';
+---------------+
| artist_name
|
+---------------+
| Kylie Minogue |
+---------------+
6LQFHKylie MinogueEHJLQVZLWKDOHWWHUDOSKDEHWLFDOO\OHVVWKDQ'M'VKHVUHSRUWHGDV
DQDQVZHUWKHQDPHVRIRXUVL[RWKHUDUWLVWVDOOFRPHODWHULQWKHDOSKDEHW1RWHWKDW
E\GHIDXOW0\64/GRHVQWFDUHDERXWFDVHZHOOGLVFXVVWKLVLQPRUHGHWDLOODWHULQ
25'(5%<&ODXVHV2IFRXUVHZHKDYHQWVWRUHGWKHVXUQDPHDQGWKHJLYHQQDPHV
VHSDUDWHO\DQG0\64/LVQWVPDUWHQRXJKWRNQRZWKDW Kylie MinogueLVDSHUVRQV
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mysql> SELECT album_name FROM album WHERE album_name LIKE "Retro%";
+------------------------------------------+
| album_name
|
+------------------------------------------+
|
|
+------------------------------------------+
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LQWKHVWULQJWKDWIROORZV,QRXUH[DPSOHZHYHXVHGLIKE "Retro%"ZKLFKPHDQVWKH
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WKHSHUFHQWDJHFKDUDFWHU%DVDZLOGFDUGFKDUDFWHUWKDWPDWFKHVDOOSRVVLEOHVWULQJV
<RXFDQDOVRXVHLWWRGHILQHDVWULQJWKDWHQGVLQDVXIIL[VXFKDV"%ing"RUDVWULQJ
WKDWFRQWDLQVDSDUWLFXODUVXEVWULQJVXFKDV%Corruption%
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WKH HQG )LQDOO\ WKH SDWWHUQ "%Paul%" PDWFKHV DOO VWULQJV WKDW KDYH "Paul" LQ WKHP
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mysql> SELECT * FROM track WHERE track_name LIKE "R__ %";
+----------+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+
| track_id | track_name
| artist_id | album_id | time
|
+----------+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+
|
4 | Red Right Hand |
2 |
1 | 00:06:11 |
|
14 | Run Wild
|
1 |
1 | 00:03:57 |
|
1 | Rip This Joint |
4 |
1 | 00:02:23 |
+----------+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+
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Combining conditions with AND, OR, NOT, and XOR

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mysql> SELECT album_name FROM album WHERE
-> album_name > "C" AND album_name < "M";
+-----------------------+
| album_name
|
+-----------------------+
| Let Love In
|
| Live Around The World |
| In A Silent Way
|
| Exile On Main Street |
| Light Years
|
+-----------------------+
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FRQGLWLRQV
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P<RXFDQGRWKLVZLWKWZRORDQGWKUHHLIKEFODXVHV
-> album_name LIKE "L%" OR
-> album_name LIKE "S%" OR
-> album_name LIKE "P%";
+--------------------------+
| album_name
|
+--------------------------+
| Let Love In
|
|
|
| Power, Corruption & Lies |
| Substance 1987 (Disc 1) |
| Second Coming
|
| Light Years
|
+--------------------------+
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WKUHHFRQGLWLRQV$VDQDVLGHLWVSDUWLFXODUO\REYLRXVLQWKLVH[DPSOHWKDWWKHUHVXOWV
DUHUHSRUWHGZLWKRXWVRUWLQJLQWKLVFDVHWKH\UHUHSRUWHGLQWKHRUGHUWKH\ZHUHDGGHG
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ANDWKHFRQGLWLRQVRUORWKHP&RQVLGHUDQH[DPSOHZKHUHWKHIXQFWLRQLVQWREYLRXV
IURPWKHTXHU\
-> album_name LIKE "S%" AND
-> album_name LIKE "%g";
+-----------------------+
| album_name
|
+-----------------------+
| Let Love In
|
| Second Coming
|
| Light Years
|
+-----------------------+
:KHQ\RXLQVSHFWWKHUHVXOWVLWEHFRPHVFOHDUZKDWVKDSSHQHGWKHDQVZHUVHLWKHU
EHJLQZLWKLRUWKH\KDYHSDWWKHEHJLQQLQJDQGgDWWKHHQG$QDOWHUQDWLYHLQWHUSUH
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-> (album_name LIKE "S%" AND album_name LIKE "%g");
+-----------------------+
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|
+-----------------------+
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|
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|
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|
+-----------------------+
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MXVWDVZKHQZULWLQJSURJUDPFRGHVSDFLQJLQGHQWDWLRQDQGFDUHIXOOD\RXWKHOSPDNH
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-> (album_name LIKE "L%" OR album_name LIKE "S%") AND
-> album_name LIKE "%g";

+---------------+
| album_name
|
+---------------+
| Second Coming |
+---------------+
%RWKH[DPSOHVZLWKSDUHQWKHVHVDUHPXFKHDVLHUWRXQGHUVWDQG:HUHFRPPHQGWKDW
\RXXVHSDUHQWKHVHVZKHQHYHUWKHUHVDFKDQFHWKHLQWHQWLRQFRXOGEHPLVLQWHUSUHWHG
WKHUHVQRJRRGUHDVRQWRUHO\RQ0\64/VLPSOLFLWHYDOXDWLRQRUGHU
7KHXQDU\ NOTRSHUDWRUQHJDWHVD%RROHDQVWDWHPHQW6XSSRVH\RXZDQWDOLVWRIDOO
DOEXPVH[FHSWWKHRQHVKDYLQJDQalbum_idRIRU<RXGZULWHWKHTXHU\
mysql> SELECT * FROM album WHERE NOT (album_id = 1 OR album_id = 3);
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
|
3 |
2 | In A Silent Way
|
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
7 | Brotherhood
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
7KHH[SUHVVLRQLQWKHSDUHQWKHVHVVD\VZHZDQW
(album_id = 1 OR album_id = 3)
DQGWKHNOTRSHUDWLRQQHJDWHVLWVRZHJHWHYHU\WKLQJEXWWKRVHWKDWPHHWWKHFRQGLWLRQ
LQWKHSDUHQWKHVHV7KHUHDUHVHYHUDORWKHUZD\V\RXFDQZULWHDWHEREFODXVHZLWKWKH
VDPHIXQFWLRQDQGLWUHDOO\GRHVQWPDWWHUZKLFK\RXFKRRVH)RUH[DPSOHWKHIROORZ
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WHERE NOT (album_id = 1) AND NOT (album_id = 3)
WHERE album_id != 1 AND album_id != 3
WHERE album_id != 1 AND NOT (album_id = 3)
&RQVLGHUDQRWKHUH[DPSOHXVLQJ NOTDQGSDUHQWKHVHV6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWRJHWDOLVW
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mysql> SELECT * FROM album WHERE album_id > 2
-> AND NOT (album_id = 4 OR album_id = 6);
+-----------+----------+----------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+----------------------------+
|
1 |
3 | Retro - Miranda Sawyer POP |
|
1 |
5 | Power, Corruption & Lies |
|
1 |
7 | Brotherhood
|
+-----------+----------+----------------------------+
$JDLQWKHH[SUHVVLRQLQSDUHQWKHVHVOLVWVDOEXPVWKDWPHHWDFRQGLWLRQWKRVHWKDWDUH
QXPEHUHGRUDQGWKHNOTRSHUDWRUQHJDWHVLWVRWKDWZHJHWHYHU\WKLQJHOVH
7KH NOTRSHUDWRUVSUHFHGHQFHFDQEHDOLWWOHWULFN\)RUPDOO\LI\RXDSSO\LWWRDQ\
VWDWHPHQWWKDWHYDOXDWHVWRD%RROHDQ FALSERUDULWKPHWLF]HUR\RXOOJHW TRUEDQG
TRUELVGHILQHGDV,I\RXDSSO\LWWRDVWDWHPHQWWKDWLVQRQ]HUR\RXOOJHWFALSEDQG
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IROORZHGE\DH[SUHVVLRQLQSDUHQWKHVHVVXFKDV NOT (album_id = 4 OR album_id = 6)
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mysql> SELECT * FROM album WHERE album_id > 2
-> AND (NOT album_id) = 4 OR album_id = 6;
+-----------+----------+-------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+-------------------------+
|
1 |
6 | Substance 1987 (Disc 1) |
+-----------+----------+-------------------------+
7KLVUHWXUQVXQH[SHFWHGUHVXOWVMXVWWKRVHDOEXPVZLWKDQalbum_idRI7RXQGHUVWDQG
ZKDWKDSSHQHGWU\MXVWWKHSDUWRIWKHVWDWHPHQWZLWKWKHNOTRSHUDWRU
mysql> SELECT * FROM album WHERE (NOT album_id) = 4;
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mysql> SELECT * FROM album WHERE (NOT album_id) != 4;
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
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2 |
1 | Let Love In
|
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1 |
1 | Retro - John McCready FAN
|
|
1 |
|
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1 |
3 | Retro - Miranda Sawyer POP
|
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1 |
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3 |
1 | Live Around The World
|
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3 |
2 | In A Silent Way
|
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1 |
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4 |
1 | Exile On Main Street
|
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1 |
|
|
5 |
1 | Second Coming
|
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6 |
1 | Light Years
|
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1 |
7 | Brotherhood
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
$JDLQalbum_idLVDOZD\VQRQ]HURDQGVRNOT album_idLV6LQFHLVQWHTXDOWRZH
VHHDOODOEXPVDVDQVZHUV6REHFDUHIXOWRXVHWKRVHSDUHQWKHVHVLI\RXGRQW NOTV
KLJKSULRULW\RUSUHFHGHQFHPHDQVLWLVDSSOLHGWRZKDWHYHULPPHGLDWHO\IROORZVLW

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mysql> SELECT album_name FROM album WHERE album_name NOT LIKE "L%";
+------------------------------------------+
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+------------------------------------------+
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+------------------------------------------+
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SEXWQRWWKRVHHQGLQJZLWKDFORVLQJSDUHQWKHVLV')'<RXFDQGRWKLVZLWK
-> album_name LIKE "S%" AND album_name NOT LIKE "%)";
+---------------+
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| Second Coming |
+---------------+
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VLYH25HYDOXDWHVDVWUXHLIRQO\RQHEXWQRWERWKRIWKHH[SUHVVLRQVLVWUXH7REH
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ERWK<RXGQHHGWRW\SH
mysql> SELECT artist_name FROM artist WHERE
-> artist_name LIKE "The%" XOR
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5ROOLQJ6WRQHVPHHWERWKFULWHULD
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DSURJUDPPLQJODQJXDJHVXFKDV3+3&3HUORU-DYD\RXOOEHXVHGWRXVLQJ !IRU
NOT||IRUORDQG&&IRUAND0\64/DOVRVXSSRUWVWKHVHDQG\RXFDQXVHWKHPLQWHU
FKDQJHDEO\ZLWKWKHZRUGEDVHGDOWHUQDWLYHVLI\RXZDQWWR+RZHYHUZHDOZD\VXVH
WKHZRUGEDVHGYHUVLRQVDVWKDWVZKDW\RXOOVHHXVHGLQPRVW64/VWDWHPHQWV
ORDER BY Clauses
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RIWKHTXHU\UHVXOWEXWQRWKRZWRFRQWUROKRZWKHUHVXOWLVGLVSOD\HG,QDUHODWLRQDO
GDWDEDVHWKHURZVLQDWDEOHIRUPDVHWWKHUHLVQRLQWULQVLFRUGHUEHWZHHQWKHURZV
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,QWKLVVHFWLRQZHH[SODLQKRZWRXVHWKH ORDER BYFODXVHWRGRWKLV6RUWLQJKDVQR
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6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWRUHWXUQDOLVWRIWKHDUWLVWVLQWKHmusicGDWDEDVHVRUWHGLQDOSKD
EHWLFDORUGHUE\WKHartist_name+HUHVZKDW\RXGW\SH
mysql> SELECT * FROM artist ORDER BY artist_name;
+-----------+---------------------------+
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6 | Kylie Minogue
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|
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1 | New Order
|
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5 | The Stone Roses
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+-----------+---------------------------+
7KH ORDER BY FODXVH LQGLFDWHV WKDW VRUWLQJ LV UHTXLUHG IROORZHG E\ WKH FROXPQ WKDW
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0\64/DXWRPDWLFDOO\VRUWVDOSKDEHWLFDOO\EHFDXVHWKHFROXPQVDUHFKDUDFWHUVWULQJV
7KHZD\VWULQJVDUHVRUWHGLVGHWHUPLQHGE\WKHFKDUDFWHUVHWDQGFROODWLRQRUGHUWKDW
DUHEHLQJXVHG:HGLVFXVVWKHVHLQ&ROODWLRQDQG&KDUDFWHU6HWV)RUPRVWRIWKLV
ERRNZHDVVXPHWKDW\RXUHXVLQJWKHGHIDXOWVHWWLQJV
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DVFHQGLQJWUDFNOHQJWKWKDWLVE\WKHtimeFROXPQ6LQFHLWVOLNHO\WKDWWZRRUPRUH
WUDFNVKDYHWKHVDPHOHQJWKZHOODGGDVHFRQGVRUWNH\WRUHVROYHFROOLVLRQVDQGGH
WHUPLQHKRZVXFKWLHVVKRXOGEHEURNHQ,QWKLVFDVHZKHQWKHWUDFNWLPHVDUHWKHVDPH
ZHOOVRUWWKHDQVZHUVDOSKDEHWLFDOO\E\track_name+HUHVZKDW\RXW\SH
mysql> SELECT time, track_name FROM track ORDER BY time, track_name;
+------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| time | track_name
|
+------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1.34 | Intermission By Alan Wise [Olympia, Paris 12/11/01]
|
| 1.81 | In A Silent Way
|
| 2.38 | Rip This Joint
|
| 2.78 | Jangling Jack
|
| 2.81 | Full Nelson
|
| 2.90
| 2.97
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| 3.00
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...
|
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I Just Want To See His Face

Sweet Black Angel
Your Star Will Shine
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Under The Influence Of Love
Ventilator Blues
Cries And Whispers
Mesh
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UHVROYHWKHFROOLVLRQVRWKDW8QGHUWKH,QIOXHQFHRI/RYHDSSHDUVEHIRUH9HQWLODWRU
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VRUWLQJSHRSOHVQDPHVZKHUHW\SLFDOO\\RXOOXVHVRPHWKLQJOLNH ORDER BY surname,
firstname, secondname
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WKLV
mysql> SELECT artist_name FROM artist ORDER BY artist_name DESC;
+---------------------------+
| artist_name
|
+---------------------------+
| The Stone Roses
|
|
| New Order
|
| Miles Davis
|
| Kylie Minogue
|
+---------------------------+
7KHDESCNH\ZRUGVSHFLILHVWKDWWKHSUHFHGLQJVRUWNH\LQWKLVFDVHartist_nameVKRXOG

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RUGHUV ZKHQ PXOWLSOH VRUW NH\V DUH XVHG )RU H[DPSOH \RX FDQ VRUW E\ GHVFHQGLQJ
timeDQGDOSKDEHWLFDOO\LQFUHDVLQJtrack_name
mysql> SELECT time, track_name FROM track
-> WHERE time < 3.6
-> ORDER BY time DESC, track_name ASC;
+------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| time | track_name
|
+------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 3.57 | Casino Boogie
|
| 3.57 | Procession [Polytechnic of Central London, London 6/12/85] |
| 3.56 | Your Disco Needs You
|
| 3.55 | I'm So High
|
| 3.55 | On A Night Like This
|
| 3.54 | Mr. Pastorius
|
| 3.46 | Spinning Around

|
| 3.44 | Mesh
|
| 3.42 | Cries And Whispers
|
| 3.40 | Under The Influence Of Love
|
| 3.40 | Ventilator Blues
|
| 3.26 | Straight To The Man
|
| 3.20 | Dreams Never End
|
| 3.08 | Happy
|
| 3.00 | Shake Your Hips
|
| 2.99 | Your Star Will Shine
|
| 2.97 | Sweet Black Angel
|
| 2.90 | I Just Want To See His Face
|
|
|
|
|
| 1.34 | Intermission By Alan Wise [Olympia, Paris 12/11/01]
|
+------+------------------------------------------------------------+
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<RXGRQWQHHGWRH[SOLFLWO\LQFOXGHWKHASCNH\ZRUGEXWLQFOXGLQJLWGRHVKHOSWRPDNH
WKHVWDWHPHQWVEHKDYLRUPRUHREYLRXV1RWLFHDOVRWKDWZHYHLQFOXGHGDWHEREFODXVH
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ORDER BYLQWKHSELECTVWDWHPHQW
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,I\RXGRZDQWVRUWLQJWREHKDYHOLNH$6&,,GRHVZKHUHXSSHUFDVHFRPHVEHIRUHORZ
HUFDVHWKHQ\RXFDQDGGDBINARYNH\ZRUGWR\RXUVRUWDVIROORZV
mysql> SELECT * FROM artist ORDER BY BINARY artist_name;
+-----------+---------------------------+
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
|
6 | Kylie Minogue
|
|
3 | Miles Davis
|
|
1 | New Order
|
|
|
|
|
5 | The Stone Roses
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
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VWULQJFRPSDULVRQV)RUH[DPSOHVHDUFKLQJIRUWUDFNVZLWKQDPHVDOSKDEHWLFDOO\HDUOLHU
WKDQWKHOHWWHUbUHWXUQVWUDFNV
mysql> SELECT track_name FROM track WHERE track_name < 'b';
+----------------------------------------------------+
| track_name
|
+----------------------------------------------------+
| Ain't Gonna Rain Anymore
|
| All Day Long
|
| 1963
|
| Age Of Consent [Spectrum Arena, Warrington 1/3/86] |
| As It Is When It Was [Reading Festival 29/8/93]
|
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|
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|
| 5 8 6
|
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|
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|
| All Day Long
|
| As It Is When It Was
|
+----------------------------------------------------+
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WUDFNVVLQFHWKH\DOOVWDUWZLWKDQXSSHUFDVHOHWWHUDQGXSSHUFDVHOHWWHUVDSSHDU
EHIRUHORZHUFDVHOHWWHUVLQWKH$6&,,WDEOH
mysql> SELECT track_name FROM track WHERE track_name < BINARY 'b';
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
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|
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Do You Love Me?
|
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|
| Loverman
|
| Jangling Jack
|
| Red Right Hand
|
| I Let Love In
|
...
| Broken Promise
|
| As It Is When It Was
|
| Weirdo
|
| Paradise
|
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
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ZDQWWRVRUWWKHtrackWDEOHE\DVFHQGLQJtimeEXW\RXZDQWWKHWLPHVWREHWUHDWHGDV
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mysql> SELECT time, track_name FROM track ORDER BY CAST(time AS CHAR);
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| time | track_name
|
+-------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| 1.34 | Intermission By Alan Wise [Olympia, Paris 12/11/01] |
|
| 11.37 | Breaking Into Heaven
|
| 12.80 | Human Nature
|
| 16.67 | Shhh/Peaceful
|
| 16.67 | In A Silent Way/It's About That Time
|
|
|
|
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AS BINARYWRVRUWDVELQDU\ZKLFKKDVWKHVDPHHIIHFWDVORDER BY BINARY
AS SIGNEDWRVRUWDVDVLJQHGLQWHJHU
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The LIMIT Clause

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ZHEGDWDEDVHDSSOLFDWLRQZKHUH\RXZDQWWRILQGWKHURZVWKDWPDWFKDFRQGLWLRQEXW
RQO\ZDQWWRVKRZWKHXVHUWKHILUVWURZVLQDZHESDJH+HUHVDQH[DPSOH
mysql> SELECT track_name FROM track LIMIT 10;
+----------------------------+
| track_name
|
+----------------------------+
| Do You Love Me?
|
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|
| Loverman
|
| Jangling Jack
|
| Red Right Hand
|
| I Let Love In
|
| Thirsty Dog
|
|
| Lay Me Low
|
| Do You Love Me? (Part Two) |

+----------------------------+
7KH LIMITFODXVHLQWKLVH[DPSOHUHVWULFWVWKHRXWSXWWRWKHILUVWURZVVDYLQJWKH
FRVWRIEXIIHULQJFRPPXQLFDWLQJDQGGLVSOD\LQJWKHUHPDLQLQJWUDFNV
7KHLIMITFODXVHFDQEHXVHGWRUHWXUQDIL[HGQXPEHURIURZVEHJLQQLQJDQ\ZKHUHLQ
WKHUHVXOWVHW6XSSRVH\RXZDQWILYHURZVEXW\RXZDQWWKHILUVWRQHGLVSOD\HGWREH
WKHVL[WKURZRIWKHDQVZHUVHW<RXGRWKLVE\VWDUWLQJIURPDIWHUWKHILIWKDQVZHU
mysql> SELECT track_name FROM track LIMIT 5,5;
+----------------------------+
| track_name
|
+----------------------------+
| I Let Love In
|
| Thirsty Dog
|
|
| Lay Me Low
|
+----------------------------+
7KHRXWSXWLVURZVWRIURPWKHSELECTTXHU\
,I\RXZDQWDOOURZVDIWHUDVWDUWSRLQWDQG\RXGRQWNQRZKRZPDQ\URZVDUHLQWKH
WDEOHWKHQ\RXQHHGWRFKRRVHDODUJHLQWHJHUDVWKHVHFRQGSDUDPHWHU6XSSRVH\RX
ZDQWDOOURZVDIWHUURZLQWKHtrackWDEOH8VHWKHIROORZLQJFRPPDQG
mysql> SELECT track_name FROM track LIMIT 150,999999999;
+----------------------+
| track_name
|
+----------------------+
| As It Is When It Was |
| Weirdo
|
| Paradise
|
+----------------------+
6LQFHWKHUHDUHOLNHO\WREHDWPRVWWHQVRIWKRXVDQGVRIURZVLQWKHtrackWDEOHSURYLGLQJ
DVWKHVHFRQGSDUDPHWHUJXDUDQWHHVDOOURZVDUHUHWXUQHG7HFKQLFDOO\WKH
ODUJHVWQXPEHU\RXFDQXVHLVWKLVLVWKHPD[LPXPYDOXHWKDW
FDQEHVWRUHGLQ0\64/VXQVLJQHGBIGINTYDULDEOHW\SH0\64/ZLOOFRPSODLQLI\RX
WU\WRXVHDODUJHUYDOXH:HGLVFXVVYDULDEOHW\SHVLQ2WKHULQWHJHUW\SHVLQ&KDSWHU
7KHUHV DQ DOWHUQDWLYH V\QWD[ WKDW \RX PLJKW VHH IRU WKH LIMIT NH\ZRUG LQVWHDG RI
ZULWLQJLIMIT 10,5\RXFDQZULWHLIMIT 10 OFFSET 5
Joining Two Tables

:HYHVRIDUZRUNHGZLWKMXVWRQHWDEOHLQRXUSELECTTXHULHV+RZHYHU\RXNQRZWKDW
DUHODWLRQDOGDWDEDVHLVDOODERXWZRUNLQJZLWKWKHUHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQWDEOHVWRDQ
VZHULQIRUPDWLRQQHHGV,QGHHGDVZHYHH[SORUHGWKHWDEOHVLQWKHmusicGDWDEDVHLWV
EHFRPH REYLRXV WKDW E\ XVLQJ WKHVH UHODWLRQVKLSV ZH FDQ DQVZHU PRUH LQWHUHVWLQJ
TXHULHV )RU H[DPSOH LWG EH XVHIXO WR NQRZ ZKDW WUDFNV PDNH XS DQ DOEXP ZKDW
DOEXPVZHRZQE\HDFKDUWLVWRUKRZORQJDQDOEXPSOD\VIRU7KLVVHFWLRQVKRZV\RX
KRZWRDQVZHUWKHVHTXHULHVE\MRLQLQJWZRWDEOHV:HOOUHWXUQWRWKLVLVVXHDVSDUWRI
DORQJHUPRUHDGYDQFHGGLVFXVVLRQRIMRLQVLQ&KDSWHU
:HXVHRQO\RQHMRLQV\QWD[LQWKLVFKDSWHU7KHUHDUHVHYHUDOPRUHDQGHDFKJLYHV\RX
DGLIIHUHQWZD\WREULQJWRJHWKHUGDWDIURPWZRRUPRUHWDEOHV7KHV\QWD[ZHXVHKHUH
LVWKHINNER JOINZKLFKKLGHVVRPHRIWKHGHWDLODQGLVWKHHDVLHVWWROHDUQ&RQVLGHU
DQH[DPSOHDQGWKHQZHOOH[SODLQPRUHDERXWKRZLWZRUNV
mysql> SELECT artist_name, album_name FROM artist INNER JOIN album
-> USING (artist_id);
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| artist_name
| album_name
|
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| New Order
|
| New Order
|
| New Order
|
| New Order
| New Order
|
| New Order
|
| New Order
| Brotherhood
|
| Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds | Let Love In
|
| Miles Davis
|
| Miles Davis
| In A Silent Way
|
|
| The Stone Roses
| Second Coming
|
| Kylie Minogue
| Light Years
|
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
7KHRXWSXWVKRZVWKHDUWLVWVDQGWKHLUDOEXPV<RXFDQVHHIRUWKHILUVWWLPHKRZPDQ\
DOEXPVZHRZQE\HDFKDUWLVWDQGZKRPDGHHDFKRQH
+RZGRHVWKH INNER JOINZRUN"7KHVWDWHPHQWKDVWZRSDUWVILUVWWZRWDEOHQDPHV
VHSDUDWHGE\WKHINNER JOINNH\ZRUGVVHFRQGWKHUSINGNH\ZRUGWKDWLQGLFDWHVZKLFK
FROXPQRUFROXPQVKROGVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQWKHWZRWDEOHV,QRXUILUVWH[DP
SOHWKHWZRWDEOHVWREHMRLQHGDUHartistDQGalbumH[SUHVVHGDVartist INNER JOIN
albumIRUWKHEDVLFINNER JOINLWGRHVQWPDWWHUZKDWRUGHU\RXOLVWWKHWDEOHVLQDQG
VRXVLQJalbum INNER JOIN artistZRXOGKDYHWKHVDPHHIIHFW7KHUSINGFODXVHLQWKH
H[DPSOHLVUSING (artist_id)ZKLFKWHOOV0\64/WKDWWKHFROXPQWKDWKROGVWKHUH
ODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQWKHWDEOHVLVartist_id\RXVKRXOGUHFDOOWKLVIURPRXUGHVLJQDQG
RXUSUHYLRXVGLVFXVVLRQLQ7KH0XVLF'DWDEDVHLQ&KDSWHU
7KHGDWDFRPHVIURPWKHartistWDEOH
mysql> SELECT * FROM artist;
+-----------+---------------------------+
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
| 1
| New Order
|
| 2
| 3
| Miles Davis
|
| 4
|
| 5
| The Stone Roses
|
| 6
| Kylie Minogue
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
DQGWKHalbumWDEOH
mysql> SELECT * FROM album;
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| 2
| 1
| Let Love In
|
| 1
| 1
|
| 1
| 2
|
| 1
| 3
|
| 1
| 4
| 3
| 1
|
| 3
| 2
| In A Silent Way
|
| 1
| 5
|
| 4
| 1
|
| 1
| 6
|
| 5
| 1
| Second Coming
|
| 6
| 1
| Light Years
|
| 1
| 7
| Brotherhood
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
,QUHVSRQVHWRRXUTXHU\0\64/ILQGVWKHartist_nameDQGalbum_nameYDOXHSDLUVWKDW
KDYHWKHVDPHartist_idYDOXHV)RUHDFKartist_idLQWKHartistWDEOHOHWVXVHDV
DQH[DPSOH
+-----------+---------------------------+
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
| 1
| New Order
|
+-----------+---------------------------+
WKHVHUYHUILQGVDOOWKHHQWULHVLQWKHalbumWDEOHWKDWKDYHWKLVYDOXHRIartist_id
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| 1
| 1
|
| 1
| 2
|
| 1
| 3
|
| 1
| 4
| 1
| 5
|
| 1
| 6
|
| 1
| 7
| Brotherhood
|
+-----------+----------+------------------------------------------+
,WFDQWKHQIRUPDQHZWHPSRUDU\WDEOHIURPWKHVHWZRVHWV
+-----------+-------------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| artist_id | artist_name | album_id | album_name
|
+-----------+-------------+----------+------------------------------------------+
| 1
| New Order
| 1
|
| 1
| New Order
| 2
|
| 1
| New Order
| 3
|
| 1
| New Order
| 4
| 1
| New Order
| 5
|
| 1
| New Order
| 6
|
| 1
| New Order
| 7
| Brotherhood
|
+-----------+-------------+----------+------------------------------------------+
2QFHLWKDVSURFHVVHGDOOWKHGLIIHUHQWartist_idYDOXHVLWVHOHFWVWKHFROXPV\RXDVNHG
IRUartist_nameDQGalbum_nameWRGLVSOD\
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| artist_name
| album_name
|
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| New Order
|
| New Order
|
| New Order
|
| New Order
| New Order
|
| New Order
|
| New Order
| Brotherhood
|
...
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
7KHUHDUHDIHZLPSRUWDQWLVVXHV\RXQHHGWRNQRZDERXWZKHQXVLQJWKHEDVLFINNER
JOINV\QWD[
,WZRUNVRQO\ZKHQWZRWDEOHVVKDUHDFROXPQZLWKWKHVDPHQDPHWKDW\RXFDQ
XVHDVWKHMRLQFRQGLWLRQRWKHUZLVH\RXPXVWXVHDQDOWHUQDWLYHV\QWD[GHVFULEHG
LQ&KDSWHU1RWHWKDW0\64/FDQWDXWRPDWLFDOO\GHWHUPLQHWKHFROXPQ\RX
ZDQWWRXVHIRUWKHMRLQHYHQLIWKHUHDUHFROXPQVZLWKWKHVDPHQDPHLQWKHWZR
WDEOHVVR\RXKDYHWRVSHFLI\LWH[SOLFLWO\
7KHUHVXOWURZVVKRZQDUHWKRVHZKHUHWKHMRLQFROXPQRUFROXPQVPDWFKEH
WZHHQWKHWDEOHVURZVIURPRQHWDEOHWKDWGRQWKDYHDPDWFKLQWKHRWKHUWDEOH
DUH LJQRUHG ,Q WKH SUHYLRXV H[DPSOH DQ\ DUWLVW ZKR KDG QR DOEXPV ZRXOG EH
LJQRUHG
:LWKWKHH[FHSWLRQRIWKHMRLQFROXPQRUFROXPQVDIWHUWKH USINGNH\ZRUGDQ\
FROXPQV\RXVSHFLI\PXVWEHXQDPELJXRXV)RUH[DPSOHLI\RXZDQWWR SELECT
WKHartist_name\RXFDQXVHMXVWartist_nameEHFDXVHLWH[LVWVRQO\LQWKHartist
WDEOH+RZHYHULI\RXZDQW artist_idWKHQ\RXQHHGWRVSHFLI\LWH[SOLFLWO\DV
artist.artist_idRU album.artist_idEHFDXVHERWKWDEOHVKDYHDFROXPQRIWKH
VDPHQDPH
'RQWIRUJHWWKHUSINGFODXVH0\64/ZRQWFRPSODLQLI\RXRPLWLWEXWWKHUHVXOWV
ZRQWPDNHVHQVHEHFDXVH\RXOOJHWD&DUWHVLDQSURGXFW:HGLVFXVVWKLVIXUWKHU
LQ&KDSWHU
7KHFROXPQRUFROXPQVIROORZLQJWKHUSINGFODXVHPXVWEHVXUURXQGHGE\SDUHQ
WKHVHV,I\RXZDQWWRMRLQRQPRUHWKDQRQHFROXPQVHSDUDWHWKHFROXPQQDPHV
ZLWKDFRPPD:HOOVKRZ\RXDQH[DPSOHLQDPRPHQW
,I\RXUHPHPEHUWKHVHUXOHV\RXOOILQGMRLQVZLWKINNER JOINDUHUHDVRQDEO\VWUDLJKW
IRUZDUG/HWVQRZFRQVLGHUDIHZPRUHH[DPSOHVWKDWLOOXVWUDWHWKHVHLGHDV
6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWROLVWWKHWUDFNQDPHVIRUDOO\RXUDOEXPV([DPLQLQJWKHalbumDQG
trackWDEOHV\RXLGHQWLI\WKDW\RXZRXOGKDYHWRMRLQWZRFROXPQV artist_idDQG
album_id/HWVWU\WKHMRLQRSHUDWLRQ
mysql> SELECT album_name, track_name FROM album INNER JOIN track
-> USING (artist_id, album_id) LIMIT 15;
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| album_name
| track_name
|
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| Let Love In
| Do You Love Me?
|
| Let Love In
| Nobody's Baby Now
|
| Let Love In
| Loverman
|
| Let Love In
| Jangling Jack
|
| Let Love In
| Red Right Hand
|
| Let Love In
| I Let Love In
|
| Let Love In
| Thirsty Dog
|
| Let Love In
| Ain't Gonna Rain Anymore |
| Let Love In
| Lay Me Low
|
| Let Love In
| Retro - John McCready FAN | Elegia
|
| Retro - John McCready FAN | In A Lonely Place
|
| Retro - John McCready FAN | Procession
|
| Retro - John McCready FAN | Your Silent Face
|
| Retro - John McCready FAN | Sunrise
|
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
:HYHVSHFLILHGWKHWZRMRLQFROXPQVLQWKHUSINGFODXVHVHSDUDWHGE\FRPPDVDVUSING
(artist_id, album_id)7KHUHVXOWVVKRZWKHWUDFNVIRUWKHDOEXP/HW/RYH,QDQGWKH
ILUVWIHZIURP5HWUR-RKQ0F5HDG\)$17RILWWKHUHVXOWVLQWRWKHERRNZHYHOLPLWHG
WKH RXWSXW WR URZV XVLQJ WKH LIMIT FODXVH ZH GLVFXVVHG HDUOLHU LQ 7KH /,0,7
&ODXVH
:HFDQLPSURYHRXUSUHYLRXVH[DPSOHE\DGGLQJDQ ORDER BYFODXVH,WPDNHVVHQVH
WKDWZHGZDQWWRVHHWKHDOEXPVLQDOSKDEHWLFDORUGHUZLWKWKHWUDFNVVKRZQLQWKH
RUGHUWKH\RFFXURQWKHDOEXPVRZHFRXOGPRGLI\RXUSUHYLRXVTXHU\WREH
mysql> SELECT album_name, track_name FROM album INNER JOIN track
-> USING (artist_id, album_id)
-> ORDER BY album_name, track_id LIMIT 15;
+----------------------+-----------------------+
| album_name
| track_name
|
+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Brotherhood
| State of the Nation |
| Brotherhood
| Every Little Counts |
| Brotherhood
| Angel Dust
|
| Brotherhood
| All Day Long
|
| Brotherhood
| Bizarre Love Triangle |
| Brotherhood
| Way of Life
|
| Brotherhood
| Broken Promise
|
| Brotherhood
| As It Is When It Was |
| Brotherhood
| Weirdo
|
| Brotherhood
| Paradise
|
| Exile On Main Street | Rocks Off
|
| Exile On Main Street | Rip This Joint
|
| Exile On Main Street | Shake Your Hips
|
| Exile On Main Street | Casino Boogie
|
| Exile On Main Street | Tumbling Dice
|
+----------------------+-----------------------+
<RXFDQVHHWKDWWKHORDER BYFODXVHVRUWVWKHDOEXPVDQGWUDFNVLQWKHUHTXLUHGRUGHU
DQGWKDWLWVOLVWHGODVWLQWKHTXHU\DIWHUWKHMRLQFRQGLWLRQ
/HWVWU\DGLIIHUHQWTXHU\6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWRILQGRXWZKLFKWUDFNV\RXYHSOD\HG
<RXFDQGRWKLVZLWKDMRLQEHWZHHQWKHtrackDQGplayedWDEOHVXVLQJWKHartist_id
album_idDQGtrack_idFROXPQVLQWKHMRLQFRQGLWLRQ+HUHVWKHTXHU\
mysql> SELECT played, track_name FROM
-> track INNER JOIN played USING (artist_id, album_id, track_id)
-> ORDER BY track.artist_id, track.album_id, track.track_id, played;
+---------------------+-----------------------+
| played
| track_name
|
+---------------------+-----------------------+
| 2006-08-14 10:21:03 | Fine Time
|
| 2006-08-14 10:25:22 | Temptation
|
| 2006-08-14 10:30:25 | True Faith
|
| 2006-08-14 10:36:54 | The Perfect Kiss
|
| 2006-08-14 10:41:43 | Ceremony
|
| 2006-08-14 10:43:37 | Regret
|
| 2006-08-14 10:47:21 | Crystal
|
| 2006-08-14 10:54:02 | Bizarre Love Triangle |
| 2006-08-15 14:00:03 | In A Silent Way
|
| 2006-08-15 14:26:12 | Intruder
|
| 2006-08-15 14:33:57 | New Blues
|
+---------------------+-----------------------+
:HYHVRUWHGWKHUHVXOWVE\DUWLVWWKHQDOEXPWKHQWUDFNDQGWKHQWKHSOD\GDWHDQG
WLPH1RWLFHZHYHDOVRKDGWRXQDPELJXRXVO\VSHFLI\WKHFROXPQVLQWKH ORDER BY
FODXVHXVLQJWKHWDEOHQDPHVLQFHWKHILUVWWKUHHFROXPQVRFFXULQERWKWDEOHV,QSUDF
WLFHLIFROXPQVDUHXVHGLQWKHMRLQFRQGLWLRQLWGRHVQWPDWWHUZKHWKHU\RXVRUWRU
VHOHFWXVLQJWKHFROXPQIURPHLWKHUWDEOHIRUH[DPSOHLQWKLVTXHU\track.artist_id
DQG played.artist_idDUHLQWHUFKDQJHDEOHEHFDXVHWKH\UHDOZD\VWKHVDPHIRUHDFK
URZ
%HIRUHZHOHDYH SELECTZHOOJLYH\RXDWDVWHRIRQHRIWKHIXQFWLRQV\RXFDQXVHWR
DJJUHJDWHYDOXHV6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWRILQGRXWKRZORQJ1HZ2UGHUV%URWKHUKRRG
DOEXPWDNHVWRSOD\<RXFDQGRWKLVE\VXPPLQJWKHWLPHVRIWKHLQGLYLGXDOWUDFNV
ZLWKWKH64/SUM( )IXQFWLRQ+HUHVKRZLWZRUNV
mysql> SELECT SUM(time) FROM
-> album INNER JOIN track USING (artist_id, album_id)
-> WHERE album.artist_id = 1 AND album.album_id = 7;
+-----------+
| SUM(time) |
+-----------+
|
43.78 |
+-----------+
<RXFDQVHHWKHDOEXPUXQVIRUMXVWXQGHUPLQXWHV7KHSUM( )IXQFWLRQUHSRUWVWKH
VXPRIDOOYDOXHVIRUWKHFROXPQHQFORVHGLQWKHSDUHQWKHVHVLQWKLVFDVHtimeDQG
QRWWKHLQGLYLGXDOYDOXHVWKHPVHOYHV%HFDXVHZHYHXVHGDWHEREFODXVHWRFKRRVHRQO\
URZVIRUWKH%URWKHUKRRGDOEXPWKHVXPRIWKHWLPHYDOXHVLVWKHWRWDOSOD\WLPHRIWKH
DOEXP2IFRXUVHWRUXQWKLVTXHU\ZHQHHGHGWRNQRZWKDW1HZ2UGHUV artist_id
LVDQGWKDWWKH album_idRI%URWKHUKRRGLV:HGLVFRYHUHGWKLVE\UXQQLQJWZR
RWKHUSELECTTXHULHVEHIRUHKDQG
mysql> SELECT artist_id FROM artist WHERE artist_name = "New Order";
+-----------+
| artist_id |
+-----------+
|
1 |
+-----------+
mysql> SELECT album_id FROM album
-> WHERE artist_id = 1 AND album_name = "Brotherhood";
+----------+
| album_id |
+----------+
|
7 |
+----------+
:HH[SODLQPRUHIHDWXUHVRISELECTDQGDJJUHJDWHIXQFWLRQVLQ&KDSWHU
The INSERT Statement

7KHINSERTVWDWHPHQWLVXVHGWRDGGQHZGDWDWRWDEOHV,QWKLVVHFWLRQZHH[SODLQLWV
EDVLFV\QWD[DQGVKRZ\RXVLPSOHH[DPSOHVWKDWDGGQHZURZVWRWKHmusicGDWDEDVH
,Q&KDSWHUZHOOGLVFXVVKRZWRORDGGDWDIURPH[LVWLQJWDEOHVRUIURPH[WHUQDOGDWD
VRXUFHV
INSERT Basics
,QVHUWLQJGDWDW\SLFDOO\RFFXUVLQWZRVLWXDWLRQVZKHQ\RXEXONORDGLQDODUJHEDWFK
DV\RXFUHDWH\RXUGDWDEDVHDQGZKHQ\RXDGGGDWDRQDQDGKRFEDVLVDV\RXXVHWKH
GDWDEDVH,Q0\64/WKHUHDUHGLIIHUHQWRSWLPL]DWLRQVEXLOWLQWRWKHVHUYHUIRUHDFK
VLWXDWLRQDQGLPSRUWDQWO\GLIIHUHQW64/V\QWD[HVDYDLODEOHWRPDNHLWHDV\IRU\RXWR
ZRUNZLWKWKHVHUYHULQERWKFDVHV:HH[SODLQDEDVLF INSERTV\QWD[LQWKLVVHFWLRQ
DQGVKRZ\RXH[DPSOHVRIKRZWRXVHLWIRUEXONDQGVLQJOHUHFRUGLQVHUWLRQ
/HWVVWDUWZLWKWKHEDVLFWDVNRILQVHUWLQJRQHQHZURZLQWRWKHartistWDEOH7RGRWKLV
\RXQHHGWRXQGHUVWDQGWKHWDEOHVVWUXFWXUH$VZHH[SODLQHGLQ&KDSWHULQ7KH
0XVLF'DWDEDVH\RXFDQGLVFRYHUWKLVZLWKWKHSHOW COLUMNSVWDWHPHQW
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM artist;
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| artist_id
|
|
| NO |
|
|
|
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
7KLV WHOOV \RX WKDW WKH WZR FROXPQV RFFXU LQ WKH RUGHU artist_id DQG WKHQ
artist_nameDQG\RXQHHGWRNQRZWKLVIRUWKHEDVLFV\QWD[ZHUHDERXWWRXVH
2XUQHZURZLVIRUDQHZDUWLVW%DUU\$GDPVRQ%XWZKDW artist_idYDOXHGRZH
JLYHKLP"<RXPLJKWUHFDOOWKDWZHDOUHDG\KDYHVL[DUWLVWVVRZHVKRXOGSUREDEO\XVH
<RXFDQFKHFNWKLVZLWK
mysql> SELECT MAX(artist_id) FROM artist;
+----------------+
| MAX(artist_id) |
+----------------+
|
6 |
+----------------+
7KHMAX( )IXQFWLRQLVDQDJJUHJDWHIXQFWLRQDQGLWWHOOV\RXWKHPD[LPXPYDOXHIRU
WKHFROXPQVXSSOLHGDVDSDUDPHWHU7KLVLVDOLWWOHFOHDQHUWKDQSELECT artist_id FROM
artistZKLFKSULQWVRXWDOOURZVDQGUHTXLUHV\RXWRLQVSHFWWKHURZVWRILQGWKHPD[
LPXPYDOXHDGGLQJDQORDER BYPDNHVLWHDVLHU8VLQJMAX( )LVDOVRPXFKVLPSOHUWKDQ
SELECT artist_id FROM artist ORDER BY artist_id DESC LIMIT 1ZKLFKDOVRUHWXUQV
WKHFRUUHFWDQVZHU<RXOOOHDUQPRUHDERXWWKHAUTO_INCREMENTVKRUWFXWWRDXWRPDWL
FDOO\DVVLJQWKHQH[WDYDLODEOHLGHQWLILHULQ&KDSWHUDQGDERXWDJJUHJDWHIXQFWLRQVLQ
&KDSWHU
:HUHQRZUHDG\WRLQVHUWWKHURZ+HUHVZKDW\RXW\SH
mysql> INSERT INTO artist VALUES (7, "Barry Adamson");
The INSERT Statement | 163
$QHZURZLVFUHDWHG0\64/UHSRUWVWKDWRQHURZKDVEHHQDIIHFWHGDQGWKHYDOXH
LVLQVHUWHGDVWKHartist_idDQGBarry AdamsonDVWKHartist_name<RXFDQFKHFNZLWK
DTXHU\
mysql> SELECT * FROM artist WHERE artist_id = 7;
+-----------+---------------+
|
+-----------+---------------+
|
7 | Barry Adamson |
+-----------+---------------+
<RXPLJKWEHWHPSWHGWRWU\RXWVRPHWKLQJOLNHWKLV
mysql> INSERT INTO artist
VALUES((SELECT 1+MAX(artist_id) FROM artist), "Barry Adamson");
+RZHYHUWKLVZRQWZRUNEHFDXVH\RXFDQWPRGLI\DWDEOHZKLOH\RXUHUHDGLQJIURP
LW7KHTXHU\ZRXOGZRUNLI\RXZDQWHGWRINSERT INTODGLIIHUHQWWDEOHKHUHDWDEOH
RWKHUWKDQartist
7RFRQWLQXHRXUH[DPSOHDQGLOOXVWUDWHWKHEXONORDGLQJDSSURDFKOHWVQRZLQVHUW
%DUU\ $GDPVRQV DOEXP 7KH 7DPLQJ RI WKH 6KUHZG DQG LWV WUDFNV )LUVW FKHFN WKH
VWUXFWXUHRIWKHalbumWDEOH
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM album;
+------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
+------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id
| int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_name | char(128) | YES |
| NULL
|
|
+------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6HFRQGLQVHUWWKHDOEXPXVLQJWKHDSSURDFKZHXVHGSUHYLRXVO\
mysql> INSERT INTO album VALUES (7, 1, "The Taming of the Shrewd");
7KHILUVWYDOXHLVWKH artist_idWKHYDOXHRIZKLFKZHNQRZIURPFUHDWLQJWKHDUWLVW
DQGWKHVHFRQGYDOXHLVWKH album_idZKLFKPXVWEHEHFDXVHWKLVLVWKHILUVWDOEXP
ZHYHDGGHGIRU%DUU\$GDPVRQ
7KLUGFKHFNWKHtrackWDEOHVWUXFWXUH
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| track_id
| int(3)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| YES |
| NULL
|
|
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id
| int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| time
| NULL
|
|
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
)LQDOO\LQVHUWWKHWUDFNV
mysql> INSERT INTO track VALUES (1, "Diamonds", 7, 1, 4.10),
-> (2, "Boppin Out / Eternal Morning", 7, 1, 3.22),
-> (3, "Splat Goes the Cat", 7, 1, 1.39),
-> (4, "From Rusholme With Love", 7, 1, 3.59);
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
+HUHZHYHXVHGDGLIIHUHQW INSERTVW\OHWRDGGDOOIRXUWUDFNVLQDVLQJOH64/TXHU\
7KLVVW\OHLVUHFRPPHQGHGZKHQ\RXZDQWWRORDGPRUHWKDQRQHURZ,WKDVDVLPLODU
IRUPDWWRWKHVLQJOHLQVHUWLRQVW\OHH[FHSWWKDWWKHYDOXHVIRUVHYHUDOURZVDUHFROOHFWHG
WRJHWKHULQDFRPPDVHSDUDWHGOLVW*LYLQJ0\64/DOOWKHGDWD\RXZDQWWRLQVHUWLQ
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mysql> INSERT INTO track VALUES (1, "Diamonds", 7, 1, 4.10),
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '7-1-1' for key 1
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mysql> INSERT IGNORE INTO track VALUES (1, "Diamonds", 7, 1, 4.10),
+RZHYHULQPRVWFDVHV\RXZDQWWRNQRZDERXWSRVVLEOHSUREOHPVDIWHUDOOSULPDU\
NH\VDUHVXSSRVHGWREHXQLTXHDQGVRWKLVIGNOREV\QWD[LVUDUHO\XVHG
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7KHILUVWOLQHWHOOV\RXKRZPDQ\URZVZHUHLQVHUWHGZKLOHWKHILUVWHQWU\LQWKHILQDO
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LQWKHVHFRQGHQWU\RQWKHILQDOOLQH

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Alternative Syntaxes
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7KHUHDUHWKUHHGLVDGYDQWDJHVRIWKH VALUESV\QWD[ZHYHVKRZQ\RX)LUVW\RXQHHG
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VWUXFWXUH\RXQHHGWRFKDQJHWKH INSERTVWDWHPHQWVDQGWKHIXQFWLRQRIWKH INSERT
VWDWHPHQWLVQWREYLRXVXQOHVV\RXKDYHWKHWDEOHVWUXFWXUHDWKDQG+RZHYHUWKHWKUHH
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DQHUURUPHVVDJHLI\RXIRUJHWWRVXSSO\YDOXHVIRUDOOFROXPQVDQG\RXGRQWKDYHWR
W\SHLQFROXPQQDPHV)RUWXQDWHO\WKHGLVDGYDQWDJHVDUHHDVLO\DYRLGHGE\YDU\LQJWKH
V\QWD[
6XSSRVH\RXNQRZWKDWWKHalbumWDEOHKDVWKUHHFROXPQVDQG\RXUHFDOOWKHLUQDPHV
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mysql> INSERT INTO album (artist_id, album_id, album_name)
-> VALUES (7, 2, "Oedipus Schmoedipus");
7KHFROXPQQDPHVDUHLQFOXGHGLQSDUHQWKHVHVDIWHUWKHWDEOHQDPHDQGWKHYDOXHV
VWRUHGLQWKRVHFROXPQVDUHOLVWHGLQSDUHQWKHVHVDIWHUWKHVALUESNH\ZRUG6RLQWKLV
H[DPSOHDQHZURZLVFUHDWHGDQGWKHYDOXHLVVWRUHGDVWKHartist_idLVVWRUHGDV
WKHalbum_idDQGOedipus SchmoedipusLVVWRUHGDVWKHalbum_name7KHDGYDQWDJHVRI
WKLV V\QWD[ DUH WKDW LWV UHDGDEOHDQGIOH[LEOHDGGUHVVLQJWKHWKLUGGLVDGYDQWDJHZH
GHVFULEHGDQGRUGHULQGHSHQGHQWDGGUHVVLQJWKHILUVWGLVDGYDQWDJH7KHGLVDGYDQW
DJHLVWKDW\RXQHHGWRNQRZWKHFROXPQQDPHVDQGW\SHWKHPLQ
7KLVQHZV\QWD[FDQDOVRDGGUHVVWKHVHFRQGGLVDGYDQWDJHRIWKHVLPSOHUDSSURDFK
WKDWLVLWFDQDOORZ\RXWRLQVHUWYDOXHVIRURQO\VRPHFROXPQV7RXQGHUVWDQGKRZ
WKLVPLJKWEHXVHIXOOHWVH[SORUHWKHplayedWDEOH
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM played;
+-----------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
| Field
| Type
| Null | Key | Default
| Extra |
+-----------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id | int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| track_id | int(3)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| played
| timestamp | YES | PRI | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
|
+-----------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
1RWLFHWKDWWKH playedFROXPQKDVDGHIDXOWYDOXHRI CURRENT_TIMESTAMP7KLVPHDQV

WKDWLI\RXGRQWLQVHUWDYDOXHIRUWKHplayedFROXPQLWOOLQVHUWWKHFXUUHQWGDWHDQG
WLPHE\GHIDXOW7KLVLVMXVWZKDWZHZDQWZKHQZHSOD\DWUDFNZHGRQWZDQWWR
ERWKHUFKHFNLQJWKHGDWHDQGWLPHDQGW\SLQJLWLQ+HUHVKRZ\RXLQVHUWDQLQFRPSOHWH
SOD\HGHQWU\
mysql> INSERT INTO played (artist_id, album_id, track_id)
-> VALUES (7, 1, 1);
:HGLGQWVHWWKHplayedFROXPQVR0\64/GHIDXOWVLWWRWKHFXUUHQWGDWHDQGWLPH
<RXFDQFKHFNWKLVZLWKDTXHU\
mysql> SELECT * FROM played WHERE artist_id = 7
-> AND album_id = 1;
+-----------+----------+----------+---------------------+
| artist_id | album_id | track_id | played
|
+-----------+----------+----------+---------------------+
|
7 |
1 |
1 | 2006-08-09 12:03:00 |
+-----------+----------+----------+---------------------+
<RXFDQDOVRXVHWKLVDSSURDFKIRUEXONLQVHUWLRQDVIROORZV
mysql> INSERT INTO played (artist_id, album_id, track_id)
-> VALUES (7,1,2),(7,1,3),(7,1,4);
7KHGLVDGYDQWDJHVRIWKLVDSSURDFKDUHWKDW\RXFDQDFFLGHQWDOO\RPLWYDOXHVIRUFRO
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EHVHWWRWKHGHIDXOWYDOXHV
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LVH[SOLFLWO\DVVLJQHGZKHQWKHWDEOHLVFUHDWHGRUPRGLILHG%HFDXVHRIWKLVGHIDXOWV
FDQRIWHQFDXVHGXSOLFDWHURZVLI\RXDGGDURZZLWKWKHGHIDXOWSULPDU\NH\YDOXHV
DQGUHSHDWWKHSURFHVV\RXOOJHWDGXSOLFDWHHUURU+RZHYHUWKHGHIDXOWLVQWDOZD\V
VHQVLEOHIRUH[DPSOHLQWKH playedWDEOHWKH artist_id album_idDQG track_idFRO
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/HWVWU\DGGLQJDURZWRplayedZLWKRQO\GHIDXOWYDOXHV
mysql> INSERT INTO played () VALUES ();
7KH ( )V\QWD[LVXVHGWRUHSUHVHQWWKDWDOOFROXPQVDQGYDOXHVDUHWREHVHWWRWKHLU
GHIDXOWV/HWVILQGRXUQHZURZE\DVNLQJIRUWKHPRVWUHFHQWSOD\HGWLPH
mysql> SELECT * FROM played ORDER BY played DESC LIMIT 1;
+-----------+----------+----------+---------------------+
| artist_id | album_id | track_id | played
|
+-----------+----------+----------+---------------------+
|
0 |
0 |
0 | 2006-08-09 12:20:40 |
+-----------+----------+----------+---------------------+
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IXUWKHULQ&KDSWHU
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E\XVLQJWKHDEFAULTNH\ZRUG+HUHVDQH[DPSOHWKDWDGGVDplayedURZ
mysql> INSERT INTO played VALUES (7, 1, 2, DEFAULT);
7KHNH\ZRUGDEFAULTWHOOV0\64/WRXVHWKHGHIDXOWYDOXHIRUWKDWFROXPQDQGVRWKH
FXUUHQWGDWHDQGWLPHDUHLQVHUWHGLQRXUH[DPSOH7KHDGYDQWDJHVRIWKLVDSSURDFKDUH
WKDW\RXFDQXVHWKHEXONLQVHUWIHDWXUHZLWKGHIDXOWYDOXHVDQG\RXFDQQHYHUDFFL
GHQWDOO\RPLWDFROXPQ
7KHUHVDQRWKHUDOWHUQDWLYHINSERTV\QWD[,QWKLVDSSURDFK\RXOLVWWKHFROXPQQDPH
DQGYDOXHWRJHWKHUJLYLQJWKHDGYDQWDJHWKDW\RXGRQWKDYHWRPHQWDOO\PDSWKHOLVW
RIYDOXHVWRWKHHDUOLHUOLVWRIFROXPQV+HUHVDQH[DPSOHWKDWDGGVDQHZURZWRWKH
playedWDEOH
mysql> INSERT INTO played
-> SET artist_id = 7, album_id = 1, track_id = 1;
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YDOXHV7KHGLVDGYDQWDJHVDUHDJDLQWKDW\RXFDQDFFLGHQWDOO\RPLWYDOXHVIRUFROXPQV
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The DELETE Statement

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mysql> SELECT * FROM played;
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Using WHERE, ORDER BY, and LIMIT

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DOOURZVIURPWKHplayedWDEOHZLWKSOD\HGGDWHVDQGWLPHVHDUOLHUWKDQ$XJXVW
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mysql> DELETE FROM played WHERE played < "2006-08-15";
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6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWRUHPRYHDQDUWLVWKLVDOEXPVDQGKLVDOEXPWUDFNV)RUH[DPSOH
OHWVUHPRYHHYHU\WKLQJE\0LOHV'DYLV%HJLQE\ILQGLQJRXWWKH artist_idIURPWKH
artistWDEOHZKLFKZHOOXVHWRUHPRYHGDWDIURPDOOIRXUWDEOHV
mysql> SELECT artist_id FROM artist WHERE artist_name = "Miles Davis";
+-----------+
| artist_id |
+-----------+
|
3 |
The DELETE Statement | 169
+-----------+
1H[WUHPRYHWKHURZIURPWKHartistWDEOH
mysql> DELETE FROM artist WHERE artist_id = 3;
7KHQGRWKHVDPHWKLQJIRUWKHalbumtrackDQGplayedWDEOHV
mysql> DELETE FROM album WHERE artist_id = 3;
mysql> DELETE FROM track WHERE artist_id = 3;
mysql> DELETE FROM played WHERE artist_id = 3;
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WRRORQJRUEHFDXVH\RXZDQWWRNHHSDWDEOHWRDVSHFLILFVL]H6XSSRVH\RXU played
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LWPD\PDNHVHQVHWRUHPRYHWKHROGHVWURZVDQG\RXFDQGRWKLVZLWKWKHIROORZLQJ
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mysql> DELETE FROM played ORDER BY played LIMIT 528;
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WRJHWKHULWXVXDOO\GRHVQWPDNHVHQVHWRXVHWKHPVHSDUDWHO\1RWHWKDWVRUWLQJODUJH
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LQGH[HVLQGHWDLOLQ.H\VDQG,QGH[HVLQ&KDSWHU
Removing All Rows with TRUNCATE

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ZLWK DELETE %\ XVLQJ WKH TRUNCATE TABLE VWDWHPHQW 0\64/ WDNHV WKH VKRUWFXW RI
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:KHQWKHUHDUHPDQ\URZVLQDWDEOHWKLVLVPXFKIDVWHU
,I\RXZDQWWRUHPRYHWKHGDWDLQWKHplayedWDEOH\RXFDQZULWHWKLV
mysql> TRUNCATE TABLE played;
1RWLFHWKDWWKHQXPEHURIURZVDIIHFWHGLVVKRZQDV]HURWRTXLFNO\GHOHWHDOOWKHGDWD
LQWKHWDEOH0\64/GRHVQWFRXQWWKHQXPEHURIURZVWKDWDUHGHOHWHGVRWKHQXPEHU
VKRZQQRUPDOO\]HUREXWVRPHWLPHVQRQ]HURGRHVQRWUHIOHFWWKHDFWXDOQXPEHURI

URZVGHOHWHG
7KHTRUNCATE TABLEVWDWHPHQWKDVWZRRWKHUOLPLWDWLRQV
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The UPDATE Statement

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Examples
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PXFKQHHGWRFKDQJHDOOURZVIURPDWDEOHLQWKH musicGDWDEDVHDQ\H[DPSOHLVD
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mysql> UPDATE artist SET artist_name = UPPER(artist_name);
Rows matched: 6 Changed: 6 Warnings: 0
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Rows matched: 6
Changed: 6
Warnings: 0
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VWDWHPHQWLQWKLVFDVHVLQFHWKHUHVQRWHERERULIMITFODXVHDOOVL[URZVLQWKHWDEOH
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The UPDATE Statement | 171
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WKHVWDWHPHQW\RXOOVHHDGLIIHUHQWUHVXOW
mysql> UPDATE artist SET artist_name = UPPER(artist_name);
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FROXPQVWRDVLQJOHYDOXH)RUH[DPSOHLI\RXZDQWWRVHWDOOplayedGDWHVDQGWLPHVWR
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mysql> UPDATE played SET played = NULL;
<RXOOUHFDOOIURP$OWHUQDWLYH6\QWD[HVWKDWVLQFHWKHGHIDXOWYDOXHRIWKHplayedFRO
XPQLVCURRENT_TIMESTAMPSDVVLQJDNULLYDOXHFDXVHVWKHFXUUHQWGDWHDQGWLPHWREH
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WKUHHVLQWKHRXWSXW
Using WHERE, ORDER BY, and LIMIT

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RUPRUHURZVWKDWPDWFKDFRQGLWLRQ$VZLWK SELECTDQG DELETEWKH WHEREFODXVHLV
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\RXOOQRWLFHDQLQFRQVLVWHQF\IRUWKHWZRDOEXPVEHJLQQLQJZLWK6XEVWDQFH
mysql> SELECT * FROM album WHERE album_name LIKE
-> "Substance%";
+-----------+----------+-------------------------+
|
+-----------+----------+-------------------------+
|
1 |
|
|
1 |
6 | Substance 1987 (Disc 1) |
+-----------+----------+-------------------------+
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mysql> UPDATE album SET album_name = "Substance 1987 (Disc 2)"
-> WHERE artist_id = 1 AND album_id = 2;
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mysql> UPDATE played SET played = NULL ORDER BY played DESC LIMIT 10;
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Exploring Databases and Tables with SHOW and mysqlshow

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WKHPRVWFRPPRQW\SHVRISHOWVWDWHPHQWZLWKEULHIH[DPSOHVXVLQJWKHmusicGDWDEDVH
7KH mysqlshow FRPPDQGOLQH SURJUDP SHUIRUPV WKH VDPH IXQFWLRQ DV VHYHUDO SHOW
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+------------+
| Database
|
+------------+
| flight
|
| music
|
| mysql
|
| test
|
| university |
+------------+
Exploring Databases and Tables with SHOW and mysqlshow | 173
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KDYHWKHJOREDOSHOW DATABASESSULYLOHJH<RXFDQJHWWKHVDPHHIIHFWIURPWKHFRPPDQG
OLQHXVLQJWKHmysqlshowSURJUDP
$ mysqlshow --user=root --password=the_mysql_root_password
<RXFDQDGGD LIKEFODXVHWR SHOW DATABASES7KLVLVXVHIXORQO\LI\RXKDYHPDQ\

GDWDEDVHVDQGZDQWDVKRUWOLVWDVRXWSXW)RUH[DPSOHWRVHHGDWDEDVHVEHJLQQLQJZLWK
mW\SH
mysql> SHOW DATABASES LIKE "m%";
+---------------+
| Database (m%) |
+---------------+
| music
|
| mysql
|
+---------------+
7KHV\QWD[RIWKHLIKEVWDWHPHQWLVLGHQWLFDOWRWKDWLQLWVXVHLQSELECT
7RVHHWKHVWDWHPHQWXVHGWRFUHDWHDGDWDEDVH\RXFDQXVHWKH SHOW CREATE DATA
BASEVWDWHPHQW)RUH[DPSOHWRVHHKRZmusicZDVFUHDWHGW\SH
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE music;
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database
|
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| music
| CREATE DATABASE music /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
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CREATE DATABASE music
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EROV/*!DQG*/
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7KHSHOW TABLESVWDWHPHQWOLVWVWKHWDEOHVLQDGDWDEDVH7RFKHFNWKHWDEOHVLQmusic
W\SH
mysql> SHOW TABLES FROM music;

+-----------------+
| Tables_in_music |
+-----------------+
| album
|
| artist
|
| played
|
| track
|
+-----------------+
,I\RXYHDOUHDG\VHOHFWHGWKHmusicGDWDEDVHZLWKWKHUSE musicFRPPDQG\RXFDQXVH
WKHVKRUWFXW
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_music |
+-----------------+
| album
|
| artist
|
| played
|
| track
|
+-----------------+
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$ mysqlshow --user=root --password=the_mysql_root_password music
$VZLWK SHOW DATABASES\RXFDQWVHHWDEOHVWKDW\RXGRQWKDYHSULYLOHJHVIRU7KLV

PHDQV\RXFDQWVHHWDEOHVLQDGDWDEDVH\RXFDQWDFFHVVHYHQLI\RXKDYHWKH SHOW
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+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| track_id
| int(3)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| YES |
| NULL
|
|
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| album_id
| int(4)
|
| PRI | 0
|
|
| time
| NULL
|
|
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
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FKRVHQWKHmusicGDWDEDVHZLWKWKHUSEFRPPDQGWKHQ\RXFDQDGGWKHGDWDEDVHQDPH
EHIRUHWKHWDEOHQDPHDVLQmusic.track8QOLNHWKHSUHYLRXVSHOWVWDWHPHQWV\RXFDQ
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Exploring Databases and Tables with SHOW and mysqlshow | 175
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$ mysqlshow --user=root --password=the_mysql_root_password music track
<RX FDQ VHH WKH VWDWHPHQW XVHG WR FUHDWH D SDUWLFXODU WDEOH XVLQJ WKH SHOW CREATE
TABLEVWDWHPHQWFUHDWLQJWDEOHVLVDVXEMHFWRI&KDSWHU6RPHXVHUVSUHIHUWKLVRXWSXW
WRWKDWRISHOW COLUMNSVLQFHLWKDVWKHIDPLOLDUIRUPDWRID CREATE TABLEVWDWHPHQW
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mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE track;
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table
|
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
| track | CREATE TABLE `track` (
|
|
| `track_id` int(3) NOT NULL default '0',
|
|
| `track_name` char(128) default NULL,
|
|
| àrtist_id` int(5) NOT NULL default '0',
|
|
| àlbum_id` int(4) NOT NULL default '0',
|
|
| `time` decimal(5,2) default NULL,
|
|
| PRIMARY KEY (àrtist_id`,àlbum_id`,`track_id`) |
|
| ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
|
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+
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Exercises
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Exercises | 177
CHAPTER 6
Working with Database Structures
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Creating and Using Databases

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LVWRFUHDWHLW<RXGRWKLVZLWKWKHCREATE DATABASEVWDWHPHQW6XSSRVH\RXZDQWWR
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE lucy;
:HDVVXPHKHUHWKDW\RXNQRZKRZWRFRQQHFWWRDQGXVHWKHPRQLWRUDVGHVFULEHG
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179
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mysql> USE lucy;
Database changed
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE lucy;
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS lucy;
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mysql> select artIst.Artist_id from ARTist;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'music.ARTist' doesn't exist
180 | Chapter 6:Working with Database Structures
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS lu;cy;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax. Check the manual
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use
near 'cy' at line 1
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Creating Tables | 181
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mysql> DROP DATABASE music;
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Database changed
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mysql>
->
->
->
->
CREATE TABLE artist (

artist_id SMALLINT(5) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
artist_name CHAR(128) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (artist_id)
);
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mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_music |
+-----------------+
| artist
|
+-----------------+
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mysql> INSERT INTO artist SET artist_name = "Duran Duran";
$QGVRPHWLPHVLWGRHVQW
mysql> INSERT INTO artist SET artist_name = "Bob The Builder";
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '0' for key 1
:KHWKHULWZRUNVRUQRWLVGHSHQGHQWRQWKHXQGHUO\LQJFRQVWUDLQWVDQGFRQGLWLRQVRI
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WHUVVXFKDVWKHVHPLFRORQ\RXOOQHHGWRHQFORVHWKHQDPHZLWKDEDFNWLFNV\PERO
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WHUV WKDW UHTXLUH \RX WR UHPHPEHU WR XVH EDFNWLFNV :H DOVR UHFRPPHQG EHLQJ GH
VFULSWLYH ZLWK \RXU FKRLFHV name GRHVQW PHDQ PXFK RXWVLGH RI WKH FRQWH[W RI WKH
artistWDEOHEXWartist_nameKDVXQLYHUVDOPHDQLQJDFURVVWKHmusicGDWDEDVH:HOLNH
XVLQJWKHXQGHUVFRUHFKDUDFWHUWRVHSDUDWHZRUGVEXWWKDWVMXVWDPDWWHURIVW\OHDQG
WDVWH\RXFRXOGXVHXQGHUVFRUHVRUGDVKHVRURPLWWKHZRUGVHSDUDWLQJIRUPDWWLQJ
DOWRJHWKHU$VZLWKGDWDEDVHDQGWDEOHQDPHVWKHORQJHVWFROXPQQDPHLVFKDUDFWHUV
LQOHQJWK
Collation and Character Sets

%HFDXVH QRW HYHU\RQH ZDQWV WR VWRUH (QJOLVK VWULQJV LWV LPSRUWDQW WKDW D GDWDEDVH
VHUYHUEHDEOHWRPDQDJHQRQ(QJOLVKFKDUDFWHUVDQGGLIIHUHQWZD\VRIVRUWLQJFKDUDF
WHUV:KHQ\RXUHFRPSDULQJRUVRUWLQJVWULQJVKRZ0\64/HYDOXDWHVWKHUHVXOWGH
SHQGVRQWKHFKDUDFWHUVHWDQGFROODWLRQXVHG&KDUDFWHUVHWVGHILQHZKDWFKDUDFWHUVFDQ
EHVWRUHGIRUH[DPSOH\RXPD\QHHGWRVWRUHQRQ(QJOLVKFKDUDFWHUVVXFKDVRU$
FROODWLRQGHILQHVKRZVWULQJVDUHRUGHUHGDQGWKHUHDUHGLIIHUHQWFROODWLRQVIRUGLIIHUHQW
ODQJXDJHVIRUH[DPSOHWKHSRVLWLRQRIWKHFKDUDFWHULQWKHDOSKDEHWLVGLIIHUHQWLQ
WZR*HUPDQRUGHULQJVDQGGLIIHUHQWDJDLQLQ6ZHGLVKDQG)LQQLVK
,QRXUSUHYLRXVVWULQJFRPSDULVRQH[DPSOHVZHLJQRUHGWKHFROODWLRQDQGFKDUDFWHU
VHWLVVXHDQGMXVWOHW0\64/XVHLWVGHIDXOWVWKHGHIDXOWFKDUDFWHUVHWLV latin1DQG
WKHGHIDXOWFROODWLRQLV latin1_swedish_ci0\64/FDQEHFRQILJXUHGWRXVHGLIIHUHQW
FKDUDFWHU VHWV DQG FROODWLRQ RUGHUV DW WKH FRQQHFWLRQ GDWDEDVH WDEOH DQG FROXPQ
OHYHOV
<RXFDQOLVWWKHFKDUDFWHUVHWVDYDLODEOHRQ\RXUVHUYHUZLWKWKH SHOW CHARACTER SET
FRPPDQG7KLVVKRZVDVKRUWGHVFULSWLRQIRUHDFKFKDUDFWHUVHWLWVGHIDXOWFROODWLRQ
DQGWKHPD[LPXPQXPEHURIE\WHVXVHGIRUHDFKFKDUDFWHULQWKDWFKDUDFWHUVHW
mysql> SHOW CHARACTER SET;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description
| Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5
| Big5 Traditional Chinese
| big5_chinese_ci
| 2
|
| dec8
| DEC West European
| dec8_swedish_ci
| 1
|
| cp850
| DOS West European
| cp850_general_ci
| 1
|
| hp8
| HP West European
| hp8_english_ci
| 1
|
| koi8r
| KOI8-R Relcom Russian
| koi8r_general_ci
| 1
|
| latin1
| cp1252 West European
| latin1_swedish_ci | 1
|
| latin2
| ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1
|
| swe7
| 7bit Swedish
| swe7_swedish_ci
| 1
|
| ascii
| US ASCII
| ascii_general_ci
| 1
|
| ujis
| EUC-JP Japanese
| ujis_japanese_ci
| 3
|
| sjis
| Shift-JIS Japanese
| sjis_japanese_ci
| 2
|
| hebrew
| ISO 8859-8 Hebrew
| hebrew_general_ci | 1
|
| tis620
| TIS620 Thai
| tis620_thai_ci
| 1
|
| euckr
| EUC-KR Korean
| euckr_korean_ci
| 2
|
| koi8u
| KOI8-U Ukrainian
| koi8u_general_ci
| 1
|
| gb2312
| GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2
|
| greek
| ISO 8859-7 Greek
| greek_general_ci
| 1
|
| cp1250
| Windows Central European
| cp1250_general_ci | 1
|
| gbk
| GBK Simplified Chinese
| gbk_chinese_ci
| 2
|
| latin5
| ISO 8859-9 Turkish
| latin5_turkish_ci | 1
|
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian
| armscii8_general_ci | 1
|
| utf8
| UTF-8 Unicode
| utf8_general_ci
| 3
|
| ucs2
| UCS-2 Unicode
| ucs2_general_ci
| 2
|
| cp866
| DOS Russian
| cp866_general_ci
| 1
|
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1
|
| macce
| Mac Central European
| macce_general_ci
| 1
|
| macroman | Mac West European
| macroman_general_ci | 1
|
| cp852
| DOS Central European
| cp852_general_ci
| 1
|
| latin7
| ISO 8859-13 Baltic
| latin7_general_ci | 1
|
| cp1251
| Windows Cyrillic
|
| cp1256
| Windows Arabic
|
| cp1257
| Windows Baltic
|
| binary
| Binary pseudo charset
| binary
| 1
|
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian
| geostd8_general_ci | 1
|
| cp932
| SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2
|
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3
|
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
)RUH[DPSOHWKH latin1FKDUDFWHUVHWLVDFWXDOO\WKH:LQGRZVFRGHSDJHWKDW
VXSSRUWV :HVW (XURSHDQ ODQJXDJHV 7KH GHIDXOW FROODWLRQ IRU WKLV FKDUDFWHU VHW LV
latin1_swedish_ci ZKLFK IROORZV 6ZHGLVK FRQYHQWLRQV WR VRUW DFFHQWHG FKDUDFWHUV
(QJOLVKLVKDQGOHGDV\RXGH[SHFW7KLVFROODWLRQLVFDVHLQVHQVLWLYHDVLQGLFDWHGE\
WKHOHWWHUVci)LQDOO\HDFKFKDUDFWHUWDNHVXSRQHE\WH%\FRPSDULVRQLI\RXXVHWKH
ucs2FKDUDFWHUVHWHDFKFKDUDFWHUZRXOGWDNHXSWRWZRE\WHVRIVWRUDJH
6LPLODUO\\RXFDQOLVWWKHFROODWLRQRUGHUVDQGWKHFKDUDFWHUVHWVWKH\DSSO\WR
mysql> SHOW COLLATION;
+----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| Collation
| Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
+----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| big5_chinese_ci
| big5
| 1 | Yes
| Yes
| 1
|
...
| latin1_german1_ci
| latin1 | 5 |
|
| 0
|
| latin1_swedish_ci
| latin1 | 8 | Yes
| Yes
| 1
|
| latin1_danish_ci
| latin1 | 15 |
|
| 0
|
| latin1_german2_ci
| latin1 | 31 |
| Yes
| 2
|
| latin1_bin
| latin1 | 47 |
| Yes
| 1
|
| latin1_general_ci
| latin1 | 48 |
|
| 0
|
| latin1_general_cs
| latin1 | 49 |
|
| 0
|
..
| hebrew_general_ci
| hebrew | 16 | Yes
|
| 0
|
...
| gb2312_chinese_ci
| gb2312 | 24 | Yes
| Yes
| 1
|
...
| utf8_persian_ci
| utf8
| 208 |
| Yes
| 8
|
| utf8_esperanto_ci
| utf8
| 209 |
| Yes
| 8
|
...
| eucjpms_japanese_ci | eucjpms | 97 | Yes
| Yes
| 1
|
| eucjpms_bin
| eucjpms | 98 |
| Yes
| 1
|
+----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
<RXFDQVHHWKHFXUUHQWGHIDXOWVRQ\RXUVHUYHUDVIROORZV
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'c%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name
| Value
|
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client
| latin1
|
| character_set_connection | latin1
|
| character_set_database
| latin1
|
| character_set_filesystem | binary
|
| character_set_results
| latin1
|
| character_set_server
| latin1
|
| character_set_system
| utf8
|
| character_sets_dir
| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| collation_connection
| latin1_swedish_ci
|
| collation_database
| latin1_swedish_ci
|
| collation_server
| latin1_swedish_ci
|
...
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
:KHQ\RXUHFUHDWLQJDGDWDEDVH\RXFDQVHWWKHGHIDXOWFKDUDFWHUVHWDQGVRUWRUGHU
IRUWKHGDWDEDVHDQGLWVWDEOHV)RUH[DPSOHLI\RXZDQWWRXVHWKHlatin1FKDUDFWHUVHW
DQGWKHlatin1_swedish_csFDVHVHQVLWLYHFROODWLRQRUGHU\RXZRXOGZULWH
mysql> CREATE DATABASE rose DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_swedish_cs;
$VZHYHSUHYLRXVO\GLVFXVVHGWKHUHVQRQHHGWRGRWKLVLI\RXYHLQVWDOOHG\RXU0\64/
FRUUHFWO\IRU\RXUODQJXDJHDQGUHJLRQDQGLI\RXUHQRWSODQQLQJRQLQWHUQDWLRQDOL]LQJ
\RXUDSSOLFDWLRQ<RXFDQDOVRFRQWUROWKHFKDUDFWHUVHWDQGFROODWLRQIRULQGLYLGXDO
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LQFOXGHVDQH[DPSOHXVLQJWKH IF NOT EXISTSIHDWXUHDQGDOLVWRIDGYDQFHGIHDWXUHV
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WKHartistWDEOHH[LVWV
mysql>
->
->
->
->
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS artist (

artist_id SMALLINT(5) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
artist_name CHAR(128) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (artist_id)
);
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7KHUHDUHDZLGHUDQJHRIDGGLWLRQDOIHDWXUHV\RXFDQDGGWRDCREATE TABLEVWDWHPHQW
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GLVFXVVLWLQGHWDLOODWHULQWKLVFKDSWHULQ7KH$872B,1&5(0(17)HDWXUH
&ROXPQFRPPHQWV
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ZHH[SODLQLQ7DEOH7\SHVZHGRQWUHFRPPHQGXVLQJIRUHLJQNH\FRQVWUDLQWV
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LQWHUQDOVWUXFWXUHVXFKDVD%WUHHRUKDVKWDEOH0\64/XVHVIRULWVLQGH[HV
<RXFDQDOVRWHOO0\64/WKDW\RXZDQWDIXOOWH[WRUVSDWLDOGDWDLQGH[RQDFROXPQ
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PHQWLQWURGXFHGLQ&KDSWHU7KLVRIWHQVKRZV\RXRXWSXWWKDWLQFOXGHVVRPHRIWKH
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W\SHGWRFUHDWHWKHWDEOH+HUHVDQH[DPSOHIRUWKHartistWDEOH
mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE artist;
+--------+------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table
|
+--------+------------------------------------------------+
| artist | CREATE TABLE àrtist` (
àrtist_id` smallint(5) NOT NULL default '0',
àrtist_name` char(128) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (àrtist_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
|
+--------+------------------------------------------------+
:HYHUHIRUPDWWHGWKHRXWSXWVOLJKWO\WRILWEHWWHULQWKLVERRN<RXOOQRWLFHWKDWWKH
RXWSXWLQFOXGHVFRQWHQWDGGHGE\0\64/WKDWZDVQWLQRXURULJLQDO CREATE TABLE
VWDWHPHQW
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EXWLWGRHVDYRLGDQ\SDUVLQJSUREOHPVWKDWFDQRFFXUWKURXJKXVLQJUHVHUYHGZRUGV
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Column Types
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INT[(width)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
7KHPRVWFRPPRQO\XVHGQXPHULFW\SH6WRUHVLQWHJHUZKROHQXPEHUYDOXHVLQ

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WKHwidthYDOXHLVLJQRUHG&RQVLGHUWKLVH[DPSOH
mysql> CREATE TABLE numbers (my_number INT(4) ZEROFILL );
mysql> INSERT INTO numbers VALUES(3),(33),(333),(3333),(33333),(333333);

mysql> SELECT * FROM numbers;
+-----------+
| my_number |
+-----------+
| 0003
|
| 0033
|
| 0333
|
| 3333
|
| 33333
|
| 333333
|
+-----------+
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ODWHUIRUDATETIMEDQGTIMESTAMPEXWRQO\WKHGDWHFRPSRQHQWLVVWRUHGLQDDATE
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GDWH0000-00-00LVVWRUHG%\GHIDXOWIURP0\64/RQZDUGWKH]HURGDWHLV
VWRUHGZKHQ\RXLQVHUWDQLQYDOLGGDWHVXFKDV 2007-02-313ULRUWRWKDWYHUVLRQ
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mysql> CREATE TABLE testdate (mydate DATE);
mysql> INSERT INTO testdate VALUES ('2007/02/0');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
:LWKDYHUVLRQRI0\64/ROGHUWKDQZHZRXOGKDYH
mysql> SELECT * FROM testdate;

+------------+
| mydate
|
+------------+
| 2007-02-00 |
| 2007-02-01 |
| 2007-02-31 |
| 0000-00-00 |
+------------+
ZKLOHZLWKYHUVLRQRQZDUGVZHKDYH
mysql> SELECT * FROM testdate;
+------------+
| mydate
|
+------------+
| 2007-02-00 |
| 2007-02-01 |
| 0000-00-00 |
| 0000-00-00 |
+------------+
1RWHDOVRWKDWWKHGDWHLVGLVSOD\HGLQWKHYYYY-MM-DDIRUPDWUHJDUGOHVVRIKRZLW
ZDVLQSXW
TIME
6WRUHVDWLPHLQWKHIRUPDW HHH:MM:SSIRUWKHUDQJH -838:59:59WR 838:59:597KH

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)RU H[DPSOH LI \RX LQVHUW 2 13:25:59 LQWR D TIME W\SH FROXPQ WKH YDOXH
61:25:59LVVWRUHGVLQFHWKHVXPRIGD\VKRXUVDQGKRXUVLVKRXUV
,I\RXWU\LQVHUWLQJDYDOXHWKDWVRXWRIERXQGVDZDUQLQJLVJHQHUDWHGDQG
WKHYDOXHLVOLPLWHGWRWKHPD[LPXPWLPHDYDLODEOH6LPLODUO\LI\RXWU\LQ
VHUWLQJDQLQFRUUHFWYDOXHDZDUQLQJLVJHQHUDWHGDQGWKHYDOXHLVVHWWR]HUR
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mysql CREATE TABLE test_time(id SMALLINT, mytime TIME);
mysql INSERT INTO test_time VALUES(1, "2 13:25:59");

mysql SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Level
| Code | Message
|
+---------+------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1264 | Out of range value adjusted for column 'mytime' at row 1 |
+---------+------+----------------------------------------------------------+
mysql INSERT INTO test_time VALUES(3, "-35 13:25:59");
mysql SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------+
| Level
| Code | Message
|
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1265 | Data truncated for column 'mytime' at row 1 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------+
mysql SELECT * FROM test_time;
+----+------------+
| id | mytime
|
+----+------------+
| 1 | 61:25:59
|
| 2 | 838:59:59 |
| 3 | -838:59:59 |
| 4 | 00:00:00
|
+----+------------+
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mysql> CREATE TABLE mytime (testtime TIME);
mysql> INSERT INTO mytime VALUES
-> ('-1:1:1'), ('1:1:1'),
-> ('1:23:45'), ('123:4:5'),
-> ('123:45:6'), ('-123:45:6');
Records: 4
Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> SELECT * FROM mytime;

+------------+
| testtime
|
+------------+
| -01:01:01 |
| 01:01:01
|
| 01:23:45
|
| 123:04:05 |
| 123:45:06 |
| -123:45:06 |
+------------+
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mysql> CREATE TABLE mytime(id INT NOT NULL,
-> changetime TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
mysql> INSERT INTO mytime VALUES(1,''),(2,'2006-07-16 1:2:3'),(3,NULL);
Query OK, 3 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
Records: 3
Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 2

+----+---------------------+
| id | changetime
|
+----+---------------------+
| 1 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | 2006-07-16 01:02:03 |
| 3 | 2006-07-16 01:05:24 |
+----+---------------------+
1RWHKRZWKHFXUUHQWWLPHLVVWRUHGZKHQZHDVNWRLQVHUWDNULLYDOXH1RZOHWV
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mysql> UPDATE mytime SET id=4 WHERE id=1;
+----+---------------------+
| id | changetime
|
+----+---------------------+
| 4 | 2006-07-16 01:05:42 |
| 2 | 2006-07-16 01:02:03 |
| 3 | 2006-07-16 01:05:24 |
+----+---------------------+
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mysql> CREATE TABLE bool(id INT, bit CHAR(0) NULL);

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mysql> INSERT INTO bool VALUES (1,''), (2,NULL), (3,'1');
Query OK, 3 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
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mysql> SELECT * FROM bool;
+----+------+
| id | bit |
+----+------+
| 1 |
|
| 2 |
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| 3 |
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+----+------+
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mysql> SELECT * FROM bool WHERE bit IS NULL;
+----+------+
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mysql> SELECT * FROM bool WHERE bit IS NOT NULL;
+----+------+
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| 3 |
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+----+------+
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mysql> CREATE TABLE show_padding(mystring CHAR(10));
mysql> INSERT INTO show_padding VALUES ('a'),('abc'),('abcde'),('abcdefg
');
mysql> SELECT * FROM show_padding;

+----------+
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+----------+
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mysql> CREATE TABLE contacts (name CHAR(40), email CHAR(40) PRIMARY KEY);
mysql> INSERT INTO contacts VALUES('Sarah', 'sarah@learningmysql.com');
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mysql> INSERT INTO contacts VALUES('Zahra', '');
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mysql> INSERT INTO Contacts VALUES('Samaneh', ' ');
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '' for key 1
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mysql> INSERT INTO Contacts VALUES('Samaneh', 'not sure');
mysql> INSERT INTO Contacts VALUES('Sadri', 'not sure ');
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry 'not sure' for key 1
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mysql> INSERT INTO Contacts VALUES('Saleh', ' not sure');

mysql> INSERT INTO Contacts VALUES('Susan', ' not sure');
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PART I

0\64/ SURQRXQFHG0\(VV&XH(OO LVPRUHWKDQMXVWWKHZRUOGVPRVWSRSXODU

Why Is MySQL so Popular?

Elements of MySQL and Its Environment

Elements of MySQL and Its Environment | 5

The LAMP Platform

Structured Query Language

MySQL Software Covered in This Book

MySQL Software Covered in This Book | 7

The Books Web Site

Installation Choices and Platforms

10 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

So, What Should I Do?

Using the Command-Line Interface

The Linux and Mac OS X Shell

Using the Command-Line Interface | 13

Command completion and history

Performing restricted operations

XVHUE\W\SLQJWKH su - VZLWFKXVHU FRPPDQG:KHQSURPSWHGW\SHLQWKHV\VWHP

Restricting access to files and directories

16 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

The Windows Command Prompt

,QWKLVH[DPSOHWKHFXUUHQWZRUNLQJGLUHFWRU\LVWKHKRPHGLUHFWRU\ \Documents and

Command completion and history

Using the Command-Line Interface | 17

Using a Text Editor

18 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Using a Text Editor | 19

Following the Instructions in This Book

20 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Following the Instructions in This Book | 21

Downloading and Verifying Files from the MySQL AB Web Site

Downloading MySQL from the MySQL AB Web Site

Verifying Package Integrity with MD5

22 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Downloading and Verifying Files from the MySQL AB Web Site | 23

24 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Installing Under Linux

Installing Under Linux | 25

Installing MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages from MySQL AB

26 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Installing MySQL on Linux Using a gzipped Tar Archive from MySQL AB

Installing Under Linux | 27

Installing MySQL on Linux by Compiling the Source Code from MySQL AB

28 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Installing Under Linux | 29

$ ln --symbolic ~/mysql-5.0.22 ~/mysql

Installing MySQL, Apache, PHP, and Perl on Linux Using Distribution

Installation on Red Hat and Fedora Core

30 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Installing Under Linux | 31

Installing Under Linux | 33

find update match

34 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

(2/3): httpd-2.2.2-1.2.i3 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB

Updated: httpd.i386 0:2.2.2-1.2

Installing Under Linux | 35

Installing Under Linux | 37

38 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Installing Under Linux | 39

Installing under Debian-based systems

40 | Chapter 2:Installing MySQL

Installing Under Linux | 41

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