INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

WORK

Submitted By
ADARSH KUMAR
Class: XII (Science)
Under the Guidance of
MR. SUMAN KUMAR
PGT (Chemistry)
.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that ADARSH KUMAR

of Class XII Science has prepared the
investigatory Computer science
project entitled RAILWAY TICKET
RESERVATION. The report is the result
of his efforts & endeavors.
The report is found worthy of acceptance as
final project report for the subject Computer
of Class XII. He has prepared the report
under my guidance.

Bhatia

Mrs.Jyoti
PGT (Computer
Science)

ACKNOWLEDGEMEN
T
I would like to express a deep sense of thanks & gratitude
to my project guide Mrs. Jyoti Bhatia Mam for guiding me
immensely through the course of the project. She always
evinced keen interest in my work. Her constructive advice &
constant motivation have been responsible for the successful
completion of this project.
I also thanks to my parents for their motivation & support. I
must thanks to my classmates for their timely help & support for
compilation of this project.
Last but not the least; I would like to thank all those who
had helped directly or indirectly towards the completion of
this project.

CONTENTS
1. Certificate
Teacher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

by

2. Certificate
Examiner. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

by

3. Declaration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........
4. Acknowledgement. .. . . . . . . . .
........
5. Verification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.......
6. Objectives

of

the

Project. . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.......

8. Material
Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.......
10.

Observation . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..........
11.

CONCLUSION. . . . . . . . . . . .

..........
12.

BIBLIOGRAPHY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
......

AIM
THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS
COMPUTER SCIENCE PROJECT
REPORT IS RAILWAY TICKET
RESERVATION

Introduction
There are 18 elements essential
to plant growth. Nitrogen,
phosphorous, potassium,
calcium, magnesium, and sulfur
are considered fertilizer
macronutrients because plants
require them in the largest
quantity for maximum
growth.Nitrogen, phosphprous
and potassium are the primary
nutrients, which are most likely
to be present in inadequate
amounts. Calcium, magnesium,
and sulfur are secondary
macronutrients and usually are
either present in sufficient
quantities or are added
coincidentally with other
materials (e.g., fungicides,
irrigation water). The other 12
nutrients, called micronutrients,
are just as important but
necessary in smaller amounts. If
plants lack any of these
elements, they exhibit signs of
nutrient deficiency.

Material Required

The requirements for experiment of

Chemistry Project Report are as
under:
1) Test tubes
2) Test tube stand
3) One dropper
4) Beaker
5) Stop watch
6) Starch and Iodine solution
7) Thermometer
8) Dilute HCL and Dilute NaOH solution.

Chemistry Experiment 1 Procedure

Procedure for Chemistry Experiment 1 is:
1) Collection of Saliva Rinse mouth throughly with cold
water and ensure that it does not contain any food
particles. Now take about 20ml of lupe warm water in
the mouth and gangle for about three minutes so that
saliva mixes up well with it. Spit this into a beaker. Filter,
if there is any suspended impurity clear filtrate is saliva
solution and contains enzyme ptyalin.
2) Preparation of starch solution Take about 0.5g of
starch in 100ml beaker and add enough water to make a
paste. Dilute the paste by adding 50ml water and boil for
about 5 minutes.
3) Digestion of starch :(a)Take 5ml of the starch solution in a test tube. Add 2ml
of saliva solution into it. Mix the solutions well by
shaking the tube carefully and start a step watch.
(b) After one minute take out two drops of the mixture
solution from the test tube with the help of a dropper
and transfer it into another test tube containing about
one 1ml of 1% iodine solution. Note the colour
produced, if any.
(c)Repeat this test after every one minute taking two
drops of the mixture solution and fresh 1% iodine
solution continue until the test shows no blue colour.
Record the time and blue colour intensity.

Observation

Time Passed
1
2
3
after Mixing Minute Minute Minute
Colour
Deep
Blue
Light
Intensity
Blue
Blue

4
Minute
No Blue

Absence of blue colour on addition to iodine solution

means absence of starch in the mixture solution. That is
whole of the starch has got digested or hydrolysed.

Chemistry Experiment 2
Procedure: -Effect of temperature on the
digestion of starch
by saliva.

1) Take three test tubes and label these 1, 2, and 3.

2) Take 5ml of the starch solution, 2ml of the saliva solution
and 5ml of water in each test tube.
3) Place test tube Number 1 in water at room temperature, test
tube Number 2 in a beaker containing water at 500 C and
test tube Number 3 in boiling water.
4) After 5 minutes, observe the colour change on mixing two
drops of the mixture of every tube with one ml of 1%
iodine solution. Note the intensity of blue coloured form.

Conclusion
Starch get hydrolysed by saliva amylase

Chemistry Experiment 3
Procedure: - To study the effect of pH on
the salivary
digestion of starch

1) Take three test tubes and label these 1, 2, and 3.

2) Add 5ml of the starch solution, 2ml of the saliva
solution in each test tube.
3) Now ass 2ml of water in test tube Number 1 2ml of
Dilute HCL in test tube Number 2 and 2ml of Dilute
NaOH solution in test tube Number 3 and shake
carefully.
4) Keep the three test tubes in water at room temperature
for about 10 minutes.
5) Add 2 drops of the solution of each test tube with 1%
iodine solution and observe the colour change

Conclusion
Temperature effects the digestion of starch by salivary
with increase in temperature salivary amylase get
inactivated and process of digestion do not take place.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1 http://www.goo
gle.com/
2 http://en.wikipe
dia.org
3 N.C.E.R.T

Class

12 Chemistry
4 Dinesh Chemistry
5 Comprehensive
Chemistry