Chem 17 Lab 3rd LE Reviewer

Experiment 9: Coordination Chemistry

I. Nickel Complexes!!
- [Ni(H2O)6]2+ : green (absorbs red)
- [Ni(NH3)6]2+ : blue (absorbs orange)
- [Ni(en)3]2+ : violet (absorbs yellow)
**longer wavelength = lower energy
H2O < NH3 < en

II. Zinc Complexes!!

-

Zn2+ + 2OH- Zn(OH)2 (s) (ito yung unang magpeprecipitate

because mas konti ung hydroxide na kailangan niya!! YAY)
If we add more NaOH however:
Zn2+ + 2OH- [Zn(OH)4]]2- (aq) (THIS COMPLEX IS AN AMPHOLYTE)

- Zn2+ + 4NH3 [Zn(NH3)4]2+ (aq)

- All zinc complexes are colorless because its d orbitals are full(??)
- Zinc complex will dissolve upon addition of excess
ammonia/hydroxide because it will form a soluble complex yayy
III. Qualitative tests
Cu2+ + 4NH3 [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (dark blue)
Fe3+ + SCN- FeSCN2+ or [Fe(SCN)(H2O)5]2+ (blood red)
Cr3+ + H2O2 --> CrO42- (yellow) + H2O (not balanced)
**take note that this is in basic solution (Cr2O72- (orange) if soln is acidic)
Ni2+ + dmg --> Ni(dmg)2 (s) (cherry red ppt)
Co2+ + NO2- --> Co3+ + NO(g) + [Co(NO2)(H2O)5]2+ (yellow-orange)
(c) jgnoche2015

Additional notes on experiment 9:

Recall the theories we studied:
- Valence bond theory outermost shells lang yung
nagpaparticipate sa reactions
- VSEPR bond angles formed depend on lone pairs and
bond formed (geometries)
- Hybridization valence shells orbitals are hybridized to
accommodate more electrons
Werners Theory (sir mentioned this pero not clearly??)
Di talaga nagfoform ng covalent bonds ang metals. According to
Crystal field theory (CFT), electrostatic interaction ung nangyayari
talaga)
Coordinate Covalent bond- di talaga nagshashare ng electrons. Nasa
gitna lang yung electrons (HAHA SORRY)
Note: difference between transition metals vs d-block metals. NOT ALL
D-BLOCK METALS ARE TRANSITION METALS!!! Transition metals kapag
pwedeng magmove from d-orbital to d-orbital ung electrons. Pero
pag full na yung d-orbitals, like sa Zinc ion, di na siya transition metal

Experiment 11: Redox Reactions

I.

Permanganate in different media

Acidic: Mn2+ (colorless) [manganese (II) ion]
Neutral: MnO2 (brown ppt) [manganese dioxide]
Basic: MnO4- (green) [manganate ion]
**manganate ion is not stable!! If left for a while, manganate
will dissociate into manganese (II) ion and manganese dioxide.

(c) jgnoche2015

II.

Ferric chloride + potassium thiocyanate

**will form a blood red complex, (FeSCN2+) as seen in experiment 9
Will turn colorless upon addition of Zinc because mas reactive Zinc
awtsuu inagawan niya si Fe

III.

Hydrogen peroxide
2 H2O2 2H2O + O2 (manganese dioxide is a catalyst and therefore
doesnt participate in the reaction)
**MnO2 is a HETEROGENOUS catalyst (kasi solid siya tas yung nasa
reactions are aqueous hihi)
**yung bubbles sa reaction is yung naproduce na O2 gas
**More MnO2 doesnt necessarily mean na more O2 produced. Faster
lang yung reaction so mas marami kang makikita :D

Additional notes on Expt 11:

Frost diagram 2D version of latimer diagram (graph of nE vs ox. state)
Compound will comproportionate if concave up
Disproportionate if concave down
*how to know if compound is going to com/disproportionate in Latimer:
- if right value left value > 0 (positive) : Disproportionate
- if right value left value < 0 (negative) : Comproportionate
Things to remember for expt 12:
Nernst Equation, how to get Ecell, how to get concentration from electrolysis YEHEY
wala akong notes dun so yehey
-----NOTE: MnO2 may be called manganese dioxide or Manganese (IV) oxide??? Yehey
Sorry if may typos or wrong information yuck wag niyo kong sisihin bye

(c) jgnoche2015