Valliammai Engineering College

Department of Civil Engineering

QUESTION BANK
ST7203: Steel Structures
*B.T.-Blooms Taxonomy
UNIT I : GENERAL
Part A
1
What is a column base?

BT-1

Classify the column bases provided for steel structures

BT-3

What do you mean by gusset base?

BT-1

Define cleat angles

BT-1

Draw neat sketches for different types of splices and different types of base connections.

BT-3

Define the terms

BT-1

What is meant by gable girder?

BT-1

List the types of base plates used in practice.

BT-1

Describe the steps to be followed while designing a slab base.

BT-2

10

Describe the steps to be followed while designing a gusseted base.

BT-2

11

Explain a moment resistant base.

BT-4

12

Classify the types of moment resistant bases.

BT-3

13

Summarize the advantages of using Purlins in industrial buildings.

BT-6

14

Compare braced building and un-braced buildings.

BT-4

15

Compare the gable frames with ordinary frames and draw a neat sketch of it.

BT-4

16

Discuss about an eaves girder

BT-2

17

Rewrite the functions of eaves girder

BT-5

18

Discuss about a gable wind girder

BT-2

19

Rewrite the functions of gable wind girder.

BT-5

20

Summarize the limitations of using Purlins in industrial buildings.

BT-6

i) Purlin

ii) Louver

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Part B
1

Design a I section purlin, for an industrial building situated in the outskirts of Allahabad,
to support a galvanized corrugated iron sheet roof for the following data:
a) Spacing of the truss c/c :6m,
b) Span of truss :12m,
c) Spacing of purlins c/c: 1.5m,
d) Intensity of wind pressure :2kN/m2,
e) Weight of galvanized sheets :130N/m2, Assume the Grade of steel as Fe 410.

BT-5

Explain the following:

a) Sag rods
c) Roof trusses

BT-6

b) Principal rafter
d) Bracing

Examine and prepare the design of a column consisting of ISHB 350 @67.4 kg/m carries
an axial load of 350KN and a bending moment of 100 kNm in the plane of web. Design
the attached base for the column with the provision of anchor bolts to resist the bending
moment. Take permissible bearing pressure on footing as 4N/mm2 .
Discuss the design the slab base for the column consisting of ISHB 300 @ 58.8kg/m and
carrying an axial load of 1000kN. Take the allowable bearing pressure on concrete as 4
N/mm2

BT-1

Examine and design a slab base for a steel column ISMB 350 having width of flange 250
mm and carrying an axial compressive load of 1000 kN. If permissible compressive stress
in concrete is 4 MPa & permissible bending stress in base plate is 185 MPa. Take bearing
capacity of soil as 300 kN/ m2.

BT-1

A steel stanchion consisting of ISHB 350 @67.4 kg/m carries an axial load of 400kN and
a moment of 50kNm in the plane of the web. Analyse and design the base of the column
with attached base plate and initially tensioned bolts. The allowable bearing pressure on
footing is 4 N/mm2 . The bolts may be given tension of 140 N/mm2

BT-4

Discuss the design a roof truss for an industrial building with 25 m span and 120 m long.
The roofing is galvanized iron sheeting. The basic wind speed is 50 m/s and terrain is
open industrial area and building is class A building. The building clear height at the
eaves is 9 m.

BT-2

Calculate and design a suitable moment resisting base for a column subjected to an axial
load of 360kN and moment of 130kNm. The column section is ISHB 400 @ 822 N/m.
safe bearing pressure in concrete is 4000 kN/m2.

BT-3

An industrial building is proposed to be built in Bangalore city where the basic wind
pressure is 33m/s. Particulars of the building are:
Length: 120m Width: 24m
Roof truss: Fink
Eaves height: 8m above GL

BT-1

BT-2

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Truss span: 24m Rise: 5m

Truss spacing: 5m Purlin Spacing: 1.3 m
Ground: Plain Land Roofing Sheet: AC Sheets
Estimate the design of the purlin using channel section.
10

A column consisting of ISHB350 @ @67.4 kg/m carries an axial load of 400kN and a
moment of 55kNm in the plane of the web. Design an unattached base for the column.

BT-5

Part C
1
An industrial building is made up of 10 gable frames spaced at 6m apart. The frame has
18m span and 4m rise with column height 6m above GL. Assuming the column bases are
at 700mm above ground level and hinged, determine the design the frame for dead and
live loads only.

BT-4

An industrial building is with the following details

Span:20m, Length: 120, Roofing: GI Sheets, Basic wind speed: 45m/s, terrain: open;
industrial area, Class of building: Class A, The clear height at eaves:9m . Justify and
design its roof truss.

BT-1

Do the calculations and design a slab base for a steel column with the following data.
Column section: ISMB 300; Axial compressive load of 1000 kN.
Permissible compressive stress in concrete: 4 MPa
Permissible bending stress in base plate :185 MPa.
Consider SBC of soil as 300 kN/ m2.

BT-3

Discuss the design a suitable purlin section, for the industrial building.
a) Spacing of the truss c/c :5m,
b) Span of truss :10m,
c) Spacing of purlins c/c: 1.5m,
d) Intensity of wind pressure :2kN/m2,
e) Weight of galvanized sheets (GI Sheets):130N/m2,
f) Location of the building: Indore,
g) Grade of steel: Fe 410.

BT-2

UNIT-2 : DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS

Part A
1

What are shear connections?

BT-1

Explain the moment connections

BT-6

Draw the moment rotation curve for different types of connections

BT-3
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Define un-stiffened seat connections

BT-1

Explain stiffened seat connections

BT-4

What is bracket connection?

BT-1

Classify the types of bracket connections explain with neat sketch.

BT-4

Discuss the examples for connections subjected to eccentric shear.

BT-2

Illustrate the types of heavy moment connections?

BT-2

10

What are split beam connections?

BT-1

11

Draw the sketch of split beam connections

BT-3

12

Describe bolted bracket connections with a neat sketch.

BT-2

13

Compose some examples for light moment connections

BT-5

14

Rewrite the formula for finding the bearing length of seat angle in the beam to
column connection?

BT-5

15

Write the formula for finding the moment of resistance of clip angle

BT-1

16

Explain how you will determine the diameter of the bolt hole.

BT-4

17

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of bolted connections.

BT-2

18

Classify various types of bolts used for structural purposes?

BT-3

19

List the categories of imperfections in welding.

BT-1

20

Explain the stiffened seat connection with a sketch

BT-6

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Part B
Design a bolted bracket connection to support an end reaction of 400kN because
of the factored loads supported by the beam. The eccentricity of the end reaction
is shown in the figure. The steel used is of grade Fe410. Use bolts of grade 4.6.
The thickness of bracket plate may be taken as 10mm.

BT-5

Describe and design a bracket connection to transfer an end reaction of 225kN

due to factored loads as shown in the fig. The end reaction from the girder acts at
an eccentricity of 300mm from the face of the column flange. Design bolted joint
connecting the Tee flange with the column flange. Steel is of grade Fe410 and
bolts of grade 4.6.

BT-1

A bracket plate 10 mm thick is used to transmit a reaction of 100 kN at a distance

of 125mm from column flange as shown in fig. Design the welded connection
.Draw design details.

BT-3

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Briefly explain the difference between bolted and welded connections

Discuss and design a single unequal angle strut to carry a load of 90 kN. The
angle is connected by its longer leg to 8 mm thick gusset plate. The effective
length of the member is 2.5 m. Also design the plate bolted end connections.

BT-4

BT-2

An ISLB 325 @ 43.1 kg/m transmit an end reaction of 125 kN to the web of
ISHB 300@ 63 kg/m. Design the bolted connection . Draw the design details.

BT-3

A ISMB 500@ 0.869 kN/m transmits an end reaction of 130 kN to the flange of
column ISHB 250@ 0.510 kN/m. Design an un-stiffened welded seat connection.

BT-5

10

A ISMB300, @ 0.442 kN/m transmits an end reaction of 11 kN and an end

moment of 80kNm to the flange of a column ISHB300, @ 0.630 kN/m. Identify
and design the welded connections.
An ISLC300@324.7N/m(Fe410 grade of steel) is to carry a factored tensile force
of 900kN. The channel section is to be welded at the site to a gusset plate 12mm
thick. Summarize and design a fillet weld, if the overlap is limited to 350mm.
Design and discuss about strut of single unequal angle to carry a load of 100 kN.
The angle is connected by its longer leg to 10 mm thick gusset plate. The
effective length of the member is 2 m.

BT-1

BT-2

BT-2

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Part C
1

Two flats , of Fe410 grade steel, each 210mmx 8mm are to be jointed using 20mm
diameter, 4.6 grade bolts, to form a lap joint. The joint is supposed to transfer a
factored load of 250kN. Justify and design the joint and determine suitable pitch
for the bolts.

BT-1

Two plates 10mm and 18mm thick are to be joined by double cover butt joint.
Summarize and design the joint for the following data.
Factored design load: 750kN
Bold diameter: 20mm
Grade of steel: Fe410
Grade of bolts: 4.6
Cover plates 2 (one on each side): 8mm thick

BT-6

A single bolted double-cover butt joint is used to connect two plates which are
8mm thick. Assuming 16mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6 and cover plates to be
6mm thick, calculate the strength and efficiency of the joints, if 4 bolts are
provided in the bolt line at a pitch of 45mm. Also determine the efficiency of the
joint if two lines of bolts with 2 bolts in each line have been arranged to result in a
double-bolted double-cover butt joint.

BT-4

A 120mm diameter and 6mm thick pipe is fillet welded to a 14mm plate. It is
subjected to a vertical factored load of 4.5kN at 1m from the welded end and a
factored twisting moment of 1.8kNm. Examine and design the joint assuming shop
welding and steel of grade fe410.

BT-1

..
UNIT-3: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
Part A
1
Explain the stability of a chimney is checked during the design process.

BT-4

Classify the types of loads for which an industrial building is to be designed.

BT-4

Define characteristic load.

BT-1

Write about connection which is generally adopted for tubular steel trusses? State its
benefits.

BT-5

Differentiate between self supporting steel chimneys and guyed steel chimneys.

BT-2

What should be the minimum height of lining for a chimney?

BT-1
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Write about the forces acting on the self supporting steel chimney.

BT-5

Discuss about sway and non sway frames

BT-2

Explain about the major components of an industrial building

BT-4

10

Discuss about a gantry girder and draw a sketch of it.

BT-2

11

Discuss the application of pratt-truss and draw a neat sketch of it

BT-2

12

What are the loads that will act on roof trusses?

BT-1

13

Summarize the methods available for the analysis of roof trusses

BT-6

14

What are end bearings?

BT-1

15

Explain the types of crane column

BT-6

16

What are girts?

BT-1

17

Draw the neat sketch of live pan truss and mention its application.

BT-3

18

Draw the neat sketch of north light truss and mention its application.

BT-3

19

Identify the loads that will act on the column of crane girder .

BT-1

20

Describe some examples for industrial building.

BT-2

A self supporting steel stack .is 80m high and its diameter at the top is 3m.Design the
plates for the stack. Adopt the wind force as per IS: 875. The location of place is such
that the intensity of wind pressure upto 30m height is 1.5kN/m2 .The foundation and
riveted joints need not be designed.

BT-5

Explain how the base plate of a chimney is designed.

BT-1

Analyze and design only the chimney of a self-supporting stack of effective height 30
m, having its diameter at top equal to 2 m. Take wind pressure intensity as 1.5
kN/mm2 uniform throughout its height. Assume uniform values of permissible tensile
and compressive stresses as 120 N/mm2 and 90 N/mm2.

BT-4

Describe and design a simply supported gantry girder to for the following data:
Crane capacity : 160 KN
Self weight of crane girder : 200 KN
Self weight trolley, electric motor, hooks etc. : 50KN
Min. approach of crane hook to the gantry girder : 1.6 m

BT-1

Part B
1

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Wheel base : 2.8 m

c/c distance between gantry rail : 12 m
c/c distance between column : 6m
Self weight of rail section : 300 N/m
Check the section for maximum bending moment due to vertical forces,
lateral forces and longitudinal forces.
5

Briefly explain the various steps involved in the design of roof trusses.

BT-3

Determine the design forces in the members of the steel roof truss as shown in the
fig. 16m span and resting on brick masonry walls. The trusses are placed 8m c/c. the
rise of the truss is of the span. Roofing is of asbestos cement of dead load 171
N/mm2. The wind load normal to roof truss is 940N/mm2. One end of the truss is
hinged and the other end is supported on rollers.

BT-4

Discuss and design a fink type roof truss for an industrial building for the following
data:
Overall length-48m
Overall width-16.5m
Width c/c roof column-16m
Height of column-11m
Roofing material- asbestos cement sheets
Side covering- asbestos cement sheets
The industrial building is situated in Allahabad. Assume the missing data.

BT-2

Illustrate elaborately about the items that are to be considered while planning and
designing an industrial building.

BT-3

Explain various steps involved in the design of gantry girder.

BT-6

10

An industrial building is made of 10 portal frames spaced 6m apart. The frame has a
span of 20m and 4m rise with a column height of 6m above ground level. Assuming
the column bases are hinged, discuss and design the frame for dead, live and wind
loads as per IS875.

BT-2

Part C
1
Discuss bout a roof truss and design itsa roof truss, rafter bracing, purlin, tie runner,
side runner and eave girder for an industrial building located at Guwahati with a span
of 20m and a length of 50m. the roofing is galvanized iron sheeting. Basic wind

BT-2

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speed is 50m/s and the terrain is an open industrial area. Building is Class B building
with a clear height of 8m at the eaves.
2

A flat roof building of 18m span has 1.5m deep trusses at 5m centers. The total dead
load is 0.7kN/m2 and the imposed load is 0.75kN/m2. Design the truss using angle
sections with welded internal joints and bolted field splices.

BT-5

Describe and design a gantry girder to be used in an industrial building carrying a

manually operated overhead travelling crane , for the following data:
Crane capacity:200kN
Self-weight of the crane girder excluding trolley:200kN
Self-weight of the trolley, electric motor, hook etc:40kN
Approx. minimum approach of the crane hook to the gantry girdr:1.2m
Wheel base:3.5m
c/c distance between gantry rails:16m
c/c distance between columns:8m
self-weight of rail section:300N/m
Diameter of crane wheels:150mm
Steel is of grade Fe410.

BT-1

Describe and design a Pratt-truss as shown in fig. the design wind pressure is
1200N/m2. The trusses are covered with AC sheets and the centre-to-centre spacing
of trusses is 6m.

BT-1

..

UNIT-4: PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES

Part A
1
Describe the plastic method of design.

BT-2

Define ductility.

BT-1

Draw the stress strain curve for mild steel.

BT-3
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What are perfectly plastic materials?

BT-1

Define plastic section modulus.

BT-1

Explain a plastic hinge.

BT-4

Write about the shape factor.

BT-5

Write the fundamental conditions for plastic analysis.

BT-1

Explain about beam mechanism.

BT-4

10

Write about the load factor.

BT-5

11

Recall the types of mechanism in plastic analysis.

BT-2

12

Explain upper bound theorem.

BT-4

13

Illustrate lower bound theorem

BT-3

14

Summarize the limitations of plastic analysis?

BT-6

15

What is the length and profile of plastic hinge for a simply supported beam with
UDL?

BT-1

16

Discuss the concept of redistribution of moments.

BT-2

17

Explain the principle of virtual work

BT-6

18

Illustrate the methods available for plastic analysis

BT-3

19

Describe the section classification as per IS800:2007

BT-2

20

What is the collapse load for a simply supported beam with UDL?

BT-1

Part B
1
Write the formula and find the shape factor for the following sections
a) Square of side a with its diagonal parallel to z-z axis
b) Hollow tube section with its external diameter D and internal diameter d
c) Triangular section of base b and height h

BT-1

Write the formula and determine the plastic section modulus Zpz, Zpy for the ISMB225
@ 306.07 N/m.

BT-1

A beam fixed at both ends is subjected to a uniformly distributed load w on its right half
portion. Identify the collapse load if the beam has uniform cross section.

BT-1
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Write the formulae and determine the plastic modulus for the section shown.(All
dimensions are in mm)

BT-1

A continuous beam is subjected to loads as shown in fig. Assume a load factor of 1.7 .
Analyze and design its section.

BT-4

Discuss and find out the collapse load for a portal frame of uniform cross-section as
shown in fig.

BT-2

Discuss and determine the collapse load for the frame shown below:

BT-2

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Describe and find the fully plastic moment for the frame as shown in the fig.

BT-2

Design the continuous beam with the service load as shown in the fig. The load factor
may be assumed as 1.7. Provide a uniform cross section throughout the beam.

BT-5

10

A two span continuous beam of uniform section loaded with ultimate loads as shown in
Fig. Determine the required plastic moment of resistance.

BT-4

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Part C
1

Design the continuous beam with the service load as shown in the fig. The load factor
may be assumed as 2. Provide a uniform cross section throughout the beam.

BT-5

Calculate the collapse load for frame as shown in the fig.

BT-3

Explain fully plastic moment and determine the fully plastic moment required for the
frame shown in fig., if all the members have the same value of Mp.

BT-6

Calculate Mp for the portal frame with electrically operated travelling crane as shown in
figure by Reactant moment diagram method. The roof pitch is 30o. Neglect the effect
of wind acting vertically on the roof. Horizontal wind pressure is = 1 kN/m2 . f = 1.2 for
the combined effects of wind, crane, dead load and live load.

BT-3

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UNIT-5: DESIGN OF LIGHT GAUGE STEEL STRUCTURES
Part A
1
What are light gauge steel structures?

BT-1

Discuss the uses of light gauge steel structural members.

BT-2

Explain the codal provisions available for the design of light gauge steel structural
members.

BT-4

Draw the various section available in light gauge steel structural members.

BT-3

Discuss about stiffened compression elements.

BT-2

Explain unstiffened compression elements.

BT-4

What is a multiple stiffened compression element?

BT-1

Illustrate flat-width ratio.

BT-3

What is effective design width?

BT-1

10

Explain local buckling.

BT-4

11

Write the maximum allowable flat to width ratio for various elements as per
IS801:1975.

BT-5
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12

Illustrate shear lag.

BT-3

13

Discuss about the torsional buckling.

BT-2

14

What is point symmentric section?

BT-1

15

Differentiate stiffened and unstiffened compression elements.

BT-2

16

Write the formula for finding the b/t ratio for load determination.

BT-1

17

Rewrite the formula for finding the b/t ratio for deflection determination.

BT-5

18

What is lateral torsional buckling?

BT-1

19

What are cold-formed steel structures?

BT-1

20

Explain the purpose of stiffening of light gauged steel structure.

BT-6

Part B
1
Two channels with 200mm x 800mm with bent lips are connected with webs to act as a
beam. The thickness of the plate is 2.5mm and the depth of lip is 25mm. the beam has
an effective span of 4m. Formulate the equations and determine the allowable load on
the beam and also find the deflection at the allowable load. The yield stress of steel is
235N/mm2 and E=2x105N/mm2

BT-5

Illustrate the following with sketches with reference to light-gauge sections

(a) Stiffened and unstiffened compression elements
(b) Flat-width ratio
(c) Effective design width
(d) Torsional flexural buckling
(e) Point symmetric section

BT-3

Calculate the column section properties and allowable load for the column section
shown below. The effective length of the column is 3.2 m. Take f y = 235 N/mm2.

BT-3

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Two channel 200 mm 80 mm with bent lips are connected with webs to act as beam as
shown. The thickness of plate is 2.5 mm and the depth of lip is 25 mm. The beam has an
effective span of 4 m. Determine the allowable load per meter on the beam. Also,
determine the deflection at the allowable load. The steel has a yield point of 235 N/mm 2.
Take E=2 105 N/mm2.

BT-4

Summarize the merits and demerits of cold from light gauge steel section. Also enlist
and draw the different sections used in cold from steel.

BT-6

Identify and determine the allowable load per metre on the beam as shown below. Also,
determine the deflection at the allowable load. The length of the column is 3.1m. the
two sections are joined together by spot welding. The steel has a yield point of
235N/mm2. Take E = 2 105 N/mm2.

BT-1

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Define and describe the following:

a)Stiffened element
b) Un-stiffened element
c) Multiple-stiffened element
d) local buckling

BT-1

Discuss the following:

a) Lateral torsional buckling
b) Shear lag
c) Effective design width
d) Light gauge steel

BT-2

Describe and determine the allowable load per metre on the composite section beam as
shown below. Also, determine the deflection at the allowable load. The length of the
column is 3.0m. The two sections are joined together by spot welding. The steel has a
yield point of 235 N/mm2. Take E:2 105 MPa.

BT-1

10

Estimate the allowable load on the light gauge steel beam of channel section with a lip . The
width of web:300mm;Width of lip:50mm;Width of flange:200mm;Thickness of section: 2.6mm

BT-2

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Part C
1
Two channel 200 mm 80 mm with bent lips are connected with webs to act as beam as
shown. The thickness of plate is 2.5 mm . The beam has an effective span of 4.5 m.
Estimate the allowable load per metre on the beam.

BT-2

Formulate the equations and determine the allowable load per metre on the beam as
shown below. Also, determine the deflection at the allowable load. The length of the
column is 3.2m. The steel has a yield point of 235 N/mm2. Take E = 2 105 N/mm2.

BT-5

Identify and compute the allowable load on the light gauge steel beam as shown below:

BT-1

A top chord member of a roof truss is of hat section as shown in the fig. It is subjected
to a compression of 132.5kN and a moment of 1636 kNm. The span is 1.7m.Check the
safety of the section if fy=210N/mm2

BT-4

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