Solaris 10 Services

There is a new feature to the way Solaris 10 handles services, this feature is called Service Management facility
(SMF).

Terminology

Fault managed resource identifiers (FMRI) identifies services

svc :/system/system- log:default

svc: Service type

/system/system-log Name
:default Instance

The repository is the source for all known services on the system, it imports the service manifest into the
database and then never references the manifest again.

The manifest properties are the following and are contained in a xml file (see appendix A).

• Name of service
• Number of instances
• Start, stop and refresh methods
• Property groups
• Service model
• Fault handling
• Documentation template

A milestone is a predefined set of capabilities for a set of services, similar to a run level

File locations

SMF log files /var/svc/log

SMF log files /etc/svc/volatile
SMF manifests /var/svc/manifest/*
SMF method /lib/svc/method/*

Daemons

start svc daemon svc.startd

svc configuration daemon svc.configd

Service Commands

Show the state of all services svcs –a

Show detailed information svcs –l
Show the dependencies svcs –d
Show the dependents svcs –D
show the processes of a service svcs –p
Explain why the service failed svcs –x
verbose information svcs –v
Disable a service (stop) svcadm disable
Enabled a service (start) svcadm enable
restart a service svcadm restart
Reread the config file (HUP) svcadm refresh
Put service into maintenance/degrade mode svcadm mark
Start a service to the desired milestone level svcadm milestone
Show values for a given property svcprop –p
show details from a snapshot svcprop –s

INETD services commands

List all configured inetd services inetadm

Detailed information on a inetd service inetadm -l
enable a inetd service inetadm -e
disable a inetd service inetadm -d

Administration

If a service fails to start

# svcs –xv

To modify the properties of an inetd service

# inetadm –m spray bind_addr=”192.168.0.1”

# inetadm –l spray

Repair a corrupt repository using the default repository

# /lib/svc/bin/ restore_repository (follow the prompts)

Script
Note: all old repositories are in /etc/svc you can use an old one in place of the
global
Manually # pstop “ pgrep svc.startd”
# kill svc.configd
# cp /etc/svc/ repository.db /etc/svc/ repository.bad

Global zone
# cp /lib/svc/seed/ global.db /etc/svc/ repository.db
# reboot
 Non-Global zone
# cp /lib/svc/seed/ nonglobal.db /etc/svc/ repository.db
# reboot (only reboot zone)

Note: all old repositories are in /etc/svc you can use an old one in place of the
global

Start service interactively during boot

Ok> boot –m milestone=none (login as root)

# svcadm milestone –t all (enable all services)

# svcs –l (look for hanging services and check log files / var/svc/log)

continue with normal boot procedures

Other boot commands are:

Ok> boot –m verbose (verbose output)

Ok> boot –m debug (very verbose output)

Manifests

To check the integrity of a manifest xml file

# / usr/bin/xmllint mysvc.xml

To import your service manifest

# / usr/sbin/svccfg -v import / var/svc/manifest/site/mysvc.xml

Appendix A – screen shots

List of services configured

# svcs

legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S80mipagent

legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S81volmgt
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S82initsma
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S84appserv
legacy_run Mar_02 lrc :/etc/rc3_d/S90samba
online Mar_02 svc:/system/svc/ restarter:default
online Mar_02 svc:/network/ pfil:default
online Mar_02 svc:/system/ filesystem/root:default
online Mar_02 svc:/network/ loopback:default
online Mar_02 svc:/milestone/name- services:default
offline Mar_02 svc:/application/print/ ipp- listener:default
offline Mar_02 svc:/application/print/rfc1179:default
A detailed list of a service

# svcs –l sendmail

fmri svc:/network/ smtp:sendmail

name sendmail SMTP mail transfer agent
enabled true
state online
next_state none
state_time Thu 03 Mar 2005 07:05:07 AM GMT
logfile / var/svc/log/network-smtp:sendmail.log
restarter svc:/system/svc/ restarter:default
contract_ id 216
dependency require_all/refresh file://localhost/etc/mail/sendmail.cf (online)
dependency require_all/refresh file://localhost/etc/nsswitch.conf (online)
dependency optional_all/none svc:/system/ filesystem/autofs (online)
dependency require_all/none svc:/system/ filesystem/local (online)
dependency require_all/none svc:/network/service (online)
dependency require_all/refresh svc:/milestone/name-services (online)
dependency optional_all/refresh svc:/system/ identity:domain (online)
dependency optional_all/none svc:/system/system-log (online)

Appendix B – sendmail manifest

# cat ./ network/smtp-sendmail.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE service_bundle SYSTEM "/usr/share/lib/xml/dtd/service_bundle.dtd.1">
<!--
Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
ident "@(#) smtp-sendmail.xml 1.11 04/12/16 SMI"
NOTE: This service manifest is not editable; its contents will
be overwritten by package or patch operations, including
operating system upgrade. Make customizations in a different
file.
-->
<service_bundle type='manifest' name=' SUNWsndmr :sendmail'>
<service
name='network/smtp'
type='service'
version='1'>

<single_instance/>

<dependency
name='fs-local'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/filesystem/local'/>
</dependency>
<dependency
name='network-service'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/network/service'/>
</dependency>

<dependency
name='name-services'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/milestone/name-services'/>
</dependency>

<dependency
name='identity'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/identity:domain'/>
</dependency>

<dependency
name='system-log'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/system-log'/>
</dependency>

<instance name='sendmail' enabled='false'>

<dependency
name='config-file'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='path'>
<service_fmri
value='file://localhost/etc/mail/sendmail.cf'/>
</dependency>

<dependency
name='nsswitch'
grouping='require_all'
restart_on='refresh'
type='path'>
<service_fmri
value='file://localhost/etc/nsswitch.conf'/>
</dependency>

<!--
If autofs is enabled, wait for it to get users' home
directories.
-->
<dependency
name='autofs'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='none'
type='service'>
<service_fmri value='svc:/system/filesystem/autofs'/>
</dependency>

<dependent
name='smtp-sendmail_multi-user'
grouping='optional_all'
restart_on='none'>
<service_fmri
value='svc:/milestone/multi-user'/>
</dependent>

<!--
Sendmail is hard-coded to sleep for 60 seconds if it cannot
determine the FQHN, so the timeout for start must be longer
than that.For details, see
http://www.sendmail.org/vendor/sun/differences.html#3.2
-->

<exec_method
type='method'
name='start'
exec='/lib/svc/method/smtp-sendmail start'
timeout_seconds='120'/>

<exec_method
type='method'
name='stop'
exec='/lib/svc/method/smtp-sendmail stop %{ restarter/contract}'
timeout_seconds='60'/>

<exec_method
type='method'
name='refresh'
exec='/lib/svc/method/smtp-sendmail refresh'
timeout_seconds='60'/>

<property_group name='startd' type='framework'>

< propval name='ignore_error' type='astring'
value='core,signal'/>
</property_group>
 <property_group name='general' type='framework'>
<propval name='action_authorization' type='astring'
value='solaris.smf.manage.sendmail'/>
</property_group>

<template>
<common_name>
<loctext xml :lang='C'>
sendmail SMTP mail transfer agent
</ loctext>
</common_name>
<documentation>
<manpage title='sendmail' section='1M'
manpath='/usr/share/man'/>
</documentation>
</template>
</instance>
<stability value='Unstable'/>
</service>
</service_bundle>