CEE 377

Assignment 8

CEE 377

Winter 2016

B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 3rd Floor
CEE 377P = 301 k w0 = 4.37 k/ft
CEE 377
Due March 4, 2016
This assignment involves column capacity estimation (revisited and more realistic), ASCE 7-10 seismic
load determination, and structural dynamics basics.

1. The set of figures below matches those from HW 6 in which you /2

determined the elastic buckling capacity
B2problem
B3 B4 B5
of a 38-ft steelB1
column
different
strong-axis and weak-axis bracing. InB1
this
we3rd
willFloor
use
B2 B3with
B4 B5
3rd Floor
301
k vw0 =
k/ft
more general design
criteria
estimate
the
same
as 4.37
beforea
P = 301
k w0 =to4.37
k/ft the column capacity. The memberPis=x
y y,
W1490 with properties A = 26.5 in2 , Ixx = 999 in4 , and Iyy = 362 in4 and the
K end
= 1.0and
K =bracing
2.0 K = 0.5 K = 0.699
v 0 (x)
conditions are also the same as they were before.
Py LPn
v 0 (x +

CEE 377

x)

L/2 P

P
x y y, v
K = 1.0 K = 2.0 K = 0.5 K = 0.699
Py L P n
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 3rd Floor
P = 301 k w0 = 4.37 k/ft

w0 sin
v 0 (x)
0

v (x +

L
Braced Unbraced

x)

P
x y y, v
K = 1.0 K = 2.0 K = 0.5 K = 0.699
Py L P n
w0 sin

Braced Unbraced

(a) The Axial Loading handout on the class web site includes in its appendix the actual AISC design
capacity formulas for columns. Apply these criteria to determine the design capacity for the
column above, Pu = c Pn , and compare your result to the simple elastic capacity we calculated
in HW 6. The material yield stress is Fy = 50 ksi (think about why the yield stress is needed for
this assignment but was not needed for HW 6).
(b) Recompute and compare the elastic buckling capacity, PE , and the AISC factored design capacity,
Pu , for the same circumstances as above except assume the physical length of the column is 20 ft
instead of 38 ft.
2. The frame shown in the figures below is the same for which we have determined various loads in
previous assignments and labs. In this assignment you will develop unfactored seismic loads acting on
the braced frame shown in isolation (B1-B4). Note the braced frames in the other direction shown on
the floor plan do not appear in the perspective figure to avoid clutter, but they similarly form 2-story
x-braces going the full height of the structure.

Braced Unbraced
x y y, v
K = 1.0 K = 2.0 K = 0.5 K = 0.699
Py L P n

/2

Braced Unbraced

EIv (x) + w(x) = 0

Load Combinations
+ 1.6L
+ 0.5(L
S or
. .+
Load
Combinations
(1.4D,
1.2D. .r+
1.6L
+ R),
0.5(L
. . .)
Load
Combinations
(1.4D,
1.2D
1.6L
+ 0.5(L
S or
. .r.)or S or R),
Load(1.4D,
Combinations
(1.4D,
1.2D
1.6L
+ R),
0.5(L
S or
R),
.)or
r+or
L 1.2D
r.)or
k 2 L2
k 2 L2
k 2 L2
Worst-Case (Influence,
Worst-Case
(Influence, Envelopes)
Worst-Case
(Influence,
Envelopes)
Worst-Case
(Influence,
Envelopes)
=
=
=
M =M
2Envelopes)
y
2
2

2
LRFD:
R
P
LRFD:
R
P
LRFD:
R
P
LRFD:
Rn
Pu
n
u
n
u
n
u
Tributary
EI 1 2 3 Areas
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
M
>
M
M
=
M

=
k
L

=
k
L

=
k
L
y
p
12345
12345
2345
2 3 4 or
5 S or 1R),
4@5Load
ft = 20
ft 5 ft 10 k 5 k
Combinations
(1.4D, 1.2D + 1.6L + 10.5(L
. . .)
p
p
r
p
p
p
)
kL
=

P/P
)
kL
=

P/P
ffRfLwa
d
d
)
kL
=

E
E
w f
Worst-Case
(Influence, Envelopes)
twLRFD:
bf d R n
CEEtf377
2 Guide
Pu
2length,
CEE 377 CEE
Pictorial
Guide
Pictorial
377 CEE
Pictorial
Guide
377 CEE
Pictorial
Guide377 Equivalent
L
pinned-end
length,
KL Actual
length,
Equivalent
pinned-end
length,
KL L
Actual
Equivalent
pinned-end
length,
KL L
Actual length, L
12345
2
Frame
Buckling
P
Amplification
Member
Buckling
P
Amplification
Bu
Frame
Buckling
P
Amplification
Member
Buckling
P - Local
Amplifi
Frame
Buckling
P
Amplification
Member
Buckli
M = My
v 1 1 v 2 2
v

Tributary
1 2 v31 415 v62 728 91 2 31 415 62 728 91 2 31 415 62 728 9
EI 1 2 3 Areas
> My M = M
4@5
ft = 20
ft 5 ft 10
k 5k
A 1.2D
BGuide
CD
E FM
G
A B C D E F GAHBICJ D
KE
LF
MGN
PJ Q
R
S
ZNUOVPW
KE
LF
MT
Q
R
SMT
ZUV
ApR),
B C. .D.) E F GA B C D E F G
AHO
BIC
D
GNU
HOV
IPJW
KX
LY
QX
RY
ST
B C rDorE SF or
G
CEE
377
Pictorial
Load
Combinations
(1.4D,
+ 1.6L
+A0.5(L
adw df
Strain Actual Stress
6@`
= 6` Design6@`
= 6`
StrainDesign
Actual
Stress
Stress
StrainDesign
ActualStress
Stress
Stress
6@` = 6`
StrainDesign
ActualStress
Stress
ffRfLwWorst-Case
(Influence, Envelopes)
tf twLRFD:
bf d R n
v 1 1 v 2 2
Windward
Windward
Windward
Pu
0
L
0.85fc0 c d c b0.85f
h Fc0y Ac sLeeward
cb M
c s Leeward
dd c bc h
c Mn
c sLeeward
d d c 0.85f
bc hMFcn0 y A
MF
dd c 0.85f
hF
n
n y As d
c yA
3 4D5E F G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
A1B2 C
M =M
2y
Wind
Wind
Wind
Strain Actual Stress Design
Stress
Stress (ksi) Strain
2 4 (ksi)
6 8 10
0.001
Stress
Strain
4 End
6 8 0.003
10
0.002
Stress
Strain
2 0.002
4(ksi)
6 8 10
0.001
0.002
Stress
Strain
2 0.002
4(ksi)
6 8 0.003
10
0.001
0.003
End2A
B 0.001
bEnd
hl A
End0.003
B bEnd
h l A End B b h l
EI 1 2 3
M > My M = Mp
CEE
377 Pictorial
Guide
X-Bracing
X-Bracing
X-Bracing
Load Combinations
(1.4D, 1.2D
+ 1.6L
. .) c Mn
0.85f+c0 0.5(L
c d r corb ShorFyR),
As . d
12EI
12EI
12EI
12EI
ff fwWorst-Case
dw df
6@12 ft = 72
ft 6@12 ft = 72
ft 6@12 ft = 72
(Influence, Envelopes)
(L/2)3
(L/2)3 ft
(L/2)3
(L/2)3
v

1
1
2
2
LRFD:
Rn Strain
Pu 2 4 6 8 10 0.001 0.002 0.003
Stress (ksi)
L
6EI
6EI
6EI
6EI
3 4D 5E F G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
A1B2 C
2
2
2
2
2 12EI
(L/2)2
(L/2)2
(L/2)2
(L/2)2
Strain Actual Stress Design Stress
EI 1 2 3
(L/2)3
4EI
4EI
4EI
4EI
CEE
377 Pictorial
Guide
Load Combinations
(1.4D, 1.2D
+ 1.6L
R), . . .) c Mn
2
2
2
2
0.85f+c0 0.5(L
c d r corb ShorF6EI
y As d
(L/2)
(L/2)
(L/2)
(L/2)
2
Worst-Case (Influence, Envelopes)
(L/2)2
2EI
2EI
2EI
LRFD:
Rn Strain
Pu 2 4 6 8 10 0.001 0.002 0.003v1 1 v2 2
Stress (ksi)
2EI
2
2
2
2
4EI
3 4D 5E F G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
(L/2)
(L/2)
(L/2)
(L/2)
A1B2 C
12EI
2
Strain Actual Stress Designv2Stress

v2
v2 (L/2)(L/2)
3 v2
12EI
12EI
12EI
12EI
2EI
v2
v2
v2
CEE 377 Pictorial Guide
v2
3
0.85fc0 c d c b 2h
F6EI
A
d
c
M
y(L/2)
s
n
(L/2)3
(L/2)3
(L/2)3
(L/2)
2
(L/2)2
M (L/2)
M (L/2)
M (L/2)
M (L/2)
v2
Stress
(ksi) Strain 2 4 6 8 10 0.001 0.002 0.003v1 1 v2 2
12EI
4EI
L
L
L
A B C D E F G 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
L
12EI

2v2
(L/2)3
(L/2)
Strain Actual Stress Design Stress
4
4
4
4
3
(L/2)
(L/2)
2EI
(+) 0( ) (+)M
(+) ( ) (+) ( )
(
)
0.85fc c d c b 2h F6EI
As d c Mn
F 1 F 2 F 3 F 42FF51 Fy2(L/2)
F51 F 2 F 3 F 4 F 5
F 3 F 4 F 15 F 2 F 3 F 4 F
L
2
(L/2)
R
R
RA RB
RA RB
R
R
A
B
v

A
B
4
Stress2 (ksi) Strain 2 4 6 8 10 0.001 0.002 0.003
12EI
P,
P,
P,
P,
4EI
(+) ( )
v

12EI
2 2 (L/2)3
(L/2)
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
L/2 L/4 6 @ L/6
L/2
L/4
6
@
L/6
L/2
L/4
6
@
L/6
L/2 L/43 6 @ L/6
(L/2)
RA RB
M (L/2)
2EI
2 6EIP,
L
2 (L/2)
2
(L/2)
4
v2 L/2 L/4 6 @ L/6
12EI
4EI
(+) ( )
2v2
(L/2)3
(L/2)
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
RA RB
M 2EI
(L/2)
2 P,
(L/2)
L
L/2
L/4
6
@
L/6
v2
4
12EI
(+) ( )
v2
(L/2)3
F F F F F

CEE 377

RA RB
L/2 L/4 6 @ L/6

M (L/2)
P,
L
4

(+) ( )
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
RA RB
P,

L/2 L/4 6 @ L/6

377

K = 1.0 K = 2.0 K = 0.5 K = 0.699

Py L P n

CEE 377

w0 sin

3
Braced Unbraced
East Elevation N

Following a procedure similar to what you did in Lab 8 determine the following:

1
P/P

(a) The design acceleration response spectrum (label all key values).

P/PE

(b) The design base shear for the direction of earthquake loading1.0parallel
to the braced
0.0 Intermediate
Load frame
() (*) in
question.

KL
r

(c) The distribution of earthquake loading vertically up the height 3of the building acting on this frame
Long Short Elastic Inelastic
(note there are two frames sharing the load).

KL
r

(d) The effects of torsion, either direct or accidental as appropriate. As in Lab 8 you can assume the
/2
effective lateral
stiffness of all the bracing subsystems are the same.

Pn
Py

B2 B3 B4 B5 3rd Floor
Building parameters:
= 301 k w0 = 4.37 k/ft

Lateral Loadv 0Resisting

377 Special Concentrically
CEEBraced
377 Frame
(x) CEESystem:
Dead Loads:
v 0 (x Roof:
+ x) 55 psf, Levels 1-5: 70 psf.

0.877/x2 = 1 ) x =

P
PE
As before the story heights are 12 ft and the bay widths are 20 ft.
k 2 EI
v
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 3rd Floor
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 3rd Floor
= 2
= 1.0 K = 2.0 K = 0.5 K =
0.699
Occupancy: Office building,
less
300 people congregated
area.
EI/
P = 301
k wthan
P = 301 kin
w0one
= 4.37
k/ft
0 = 4.37 k/ft
L Pn
k 2 L2
Soil Type: Very Dense Soil/ Soft Rock.
=
0
0
v (x)
v (x)

2
w0 sinsingle story steel frame shown below. The columns are relatively flexible while
2
2 2
3. Consider the simple

=
k
L
0
0
L
v (x + x)
v (x + x)
p
the cross beams are relatively stiff, which leads to the lateral deformation shown in the second figure
ced Unbraced
) kL = =
P almost as if they were rigid P
below when horizontal loading is applied. Note in particular the beams act
t Elevation N
1 1.
relative to the columns
Equivalent pinned-end length, KL Actual length, L
x y y, v
x y y, v
1 P/PE
Buckling
- Amplification Member Buckling
K = 1.0 K = 2.0 K = 0.5 K = 0.699
K = 1.0 K = Frame
2.0 K =
0.5 K =P0.699
123456789
P/PE
Py L P n
Py L P n
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW

Intermediate Load () (*)

6@`
w
sin = 6`
w0 sin
0
KL
L
L
Windward
CEE 377
r
Braced Unbraced
Braced Unbraced
Leeward
hort Elastic Inelastic
East
Elevation
N
East ElevationWind
N
r
1
1
KL
Fy
End Abraced
End Bframe
bhl
Special concentrically
1
P/P
1
P/P
E
E
2
r
E
X-Bracing
R=
(Table 12.2.1)
P/P
P/PE
6@12
E ft = 72 ft
Pn

I
=
(Table
1.5-2)
Py
c
1.0 0.0 Intermediate Load () (*)1.0 0.0 Intermediate Load () (*)
p
KL
KL
2
0.877/x = 1 ) x = 0.877 = 0.93648
Calculations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
r
r
hux , uy i
Long Short Elastic Inelastic
Long Short ElasticrInelastic
r
KL
Fy
KL
Fy
P
=
2E
2E
r

PE
2
Pn
Pn
k EI
= 2
Py
Py
EI/L2
p
p
2
2
k 2 L2
0.877/x = 1 ) x = 0.877 = 0.93648
0.877/x = 1 ) x = 0.877 = 0.936
=
2
2 = k 2 L2
p
p
P
P
) kL = = P/PE
=
=
PE
PE
For
the
configuration
weak axes resisting the hori- k2 EI
uivalent pinned-end length,
KL
Actual
length, L shown above the columns are W1228s with their
k 2 EI
4
4

=
zontal
load
(I
=
21.7
in
),
the
beams
are
W1865s
with
I
=
1070
in
,
L
=220 ft, and h = 12 ft. = 2 EI/L2
me Buckling P - Amplification Membery Buckling P - Amplification Local Buckling
x
2 EI/L
3456789
k 2 L2
k 2 L2
B C D E F G H I J K L M(a)
N OTreat
P Q Rthe
S Tcross
U V beams
W X Y as
Z being rigid with respect to rotation
= and2 determine the corresponding
=
2

horizontal frame stiffness. (Hint: the columns can be viewed2 as vertical

beam elements with2 end2 2
` = 6`
2 2

=
k
L

=
k
L
displacement and no rotation.)
ndward
p
p
p
p
ward
) kL = = P/PE
) kL = = P/PE
1 In practice, this kind of design with weak columns and strong beams is not a good strategy for seismic
systems. We will
nd
discuss this later.
Equivalent
pinned-end
length,
KL
Equivalent
Actual
length,
pinned-end
L
length,
KL
Actual length, L
d A End B b h l
Frame Buckling P - AmplificationFrame
Member
Buckling
Buckling
P - P -Amplification
Amplification
Member
Local Buckling
Buckling P - Amplific
Bracing
123456789
123456789
12 ft = 72 ft
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N OAPBQCRDS ET FUGV HWI X
JK
YL
ZMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
6@` = 6`
6@` = 6`
Windward
Windward
Leeward
Leeward

Location: 510PW Riverside Ave, Spokane, WA 99201

/2

/2

CEE 377

(b) To verify the suitability of the simple 1-DOF stiffness model from (a), estimate the horizontal
displacement, ux , of the top of the frame due
to a load of P = 10k. For comparison purposes the
exact answer from Dr. Frame is hux , uy i = 1.34, 2.83 106 in. By using beam elements for
the columns we are assuming uy = 0, which the exact solution shows to be a good assumption in
CEE 377your ux result should be close to the exact value.
this case. Similarly,
(c) Assume a dead load of 50 psf and a live load of 40 psf with a tributary width of 7.5 ft and determine
the weight and mass
forconcentrically
the single story.
Special
braced frame

(d) Estimate the natural

vibration
for this frame assuming zero damping.
R = period of
(Table
12.2.1)

Calculations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
hux , uy i
El Centro N-S
Displacement Response (in) Period, T (sec)

(Table 1.5-2)
Ic =

R=

CEE 377

(Table 12.2.1)

Special concentrically braced frame

(e) For the El Centro

N-S displacement
response spectrum computed similar to the in-class demon Ic =
(Table 1.5-2)
stration and reproduced below, determine the maximum seismic moment in the columns of this
frame.
Calculations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
hux , uy i
El Centro N-S
Displacement Response (in) Period, T (sec)

CEE 377

Special concentrically braced frame

R=

Ic =

(Table 12.2.1)
(Table 1.5-2)

Calculations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
hux , uy i
El Centro N-S
Displacement Response (in) Period, T (sec)