Linear regulator 7805

Linear power supply

Linear regulator

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

7805 Positive regulator

Linear regulator 7905

7905 Negative regulator

Linear regulator 7805 / 7905

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

SOA = Safety Operating Area

Uinmax / Uout defined
Imax defined
Pmax Umax * Imax

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Regulator measures the output voltage all the
time;
Q: Is the output voltage too small?
A: Yes! => Action: Increase the output
voltage/current!
Q: Is the output voltage too small?
A: No, it is too high! => Action: Decrease the
output voltage/current!
Q: Is the output voltage too small?
=>Oscillation

Linear regulator 7805

Output voltage without capacitor

Linear regulator 7805

High frequency oscillation disturbs the
operation of the equipment that regulator is
used for.
Oscillation consumes additional energy =>
increased power loss => more heat

Linear regulator 7805

Input current = output current (even more)

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

Vin = 7,02 V
Vout = 5,02 V
V dropout = 2,00 V
RL = 1000
f = 50 Hz

Linear regulator 7805

RL = 100
f = 50 Hz

Linear regulator 7805

RL = 1000
Vin = 6,9 V
f / Hz
50
100
500
1000
5000
15000
20000

Vac = 20 Vpp
Vout / V
4,99
5,02
5,02
5,02
5,02
5,02
5,02

picture
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Linear regulator 7805

picture1

picture 2

Linear regulator 7805

picture 3

picture 4

Linear regulator 7805

picture 5

picture 6

Linear regulator 7805

picture 7

Linear regulator 7805

RL = 100
Vin = 3,87 V (DMM) ?
f / Hz
50
100
500
1000
5000
15000
20000

Vac = 20 Vpp

Vout / V (Dmm)
2,40 ?
?
?
?
?
?
?

Linear regulator 7805

f=50Hz RL =100

f=100Hz RL =100

Linear regulator 7805

f=500Hz RL =100

time scale made wider

Linear regulator 7805

f=1000Hz

f= 5000Hz
RL = 100

Linear regulator 7805

f=15000Hz

f= 20000Hz
RL = 100

Linear regulator 7805

max output
from generator

after half-wave
rectification

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

A current i(t) in a pure resistor R results in a
power p(t) with an average value P
This same power P could be produced by a
constant (direct) current I. Then i(t) is said to
have an effective value IRMS equivalent to this
constant current. The same applies to voltage
functions where effective value in VRMS

Linear regulator 7805

Half wave rectified voltage Root Mean Square = RMS
= effective value
Vin max (from generator output) 20 Vpp

VRMS

1
T

T
0

V (t )dt

Linear regulator 7805

Linear regulator 7805

x
2

sin xdx

1
sin 2 x
4

substitution:

10 2
2

RMS

1
sin 2
4

=0

RMS

10
4

VRMS

0
2

1
sin 0
4

=0 = 0

10
2

Linear regulator 7805

Generator output impedance (internal R)
= 50
Voltage drop across diode = 0,7V (not taken into
account)
Using higher frequency eliminates the need of big
capacitor
With low-ohmic loads full-wave rectifier highly
recommended