SE-6C

Data Warehousing
Assignment #1
Hamza Imtiaz
Malik
FA13-BSE-039

Q1: Normalization
Answer:
1st Normal Form:
Table already exist in 1st Normal i.e. none
of its column is containing multi valued attributes.
Student (Sid, FirstName, LastName, Dept., Domicile, Provinces,
Courses).
2nd Normal Form:
StudentName (Sid(PK), FirstName, LastName)
Departments (Did(PK), Dname)
DomicileCities (DCid(PK), CityName)
Provinces (Pid(PK), Name)
Courses (Cid(PK), Name)
StudentRecords (SRid(PK), Did(FK), DCid(FK), Pid(FK),Cid(FK))
3rd Normal Form:
StudentName (Sid(PK), FirstName, LastName)
Departments (Did(PK), Dname)
DomicileCities (DCid(PK), CityName)
Courses (Sid(FK)Cid(PK), Name)
StudentProvince (Sid(FK), Pid(FK))
StudentDepartment (Sid(FK), Did(PK))
StudentDomicile (Sid(FK), DCid(PK), CityName)
StudentProvince (Sid(FK), Pid(PK), Name)
StudentCourses (Sid(FK), Cid(PK), Name)

Q2: Answer the following:

A. Derived Attribute:
It is the attribute whose value is
derived (calculated) from one or more existing columns,
e.g. our age is calculated on the basis of date_of_birth and
current_date.
B. Data Ware House in two ways:
1st:
A data warehouse is a main location where you could
bring and store together all the data from your
organization/project. It keeps the records of the historical
data for the sake of analysis and reporting, and then using
that analysis for removing the defects in our products and
making them, more reliable for users
2nd:
A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated,
time-variant and non-volatile collection of data in support
of management's decision making process.
C. When are redundant columns are added and why?
Answer: We add redundant columns, when we need to
de-normalize our data as it is one of our de-normalization
techniques, we add these to avoid the hustle of joins, in
appropriate scenarios.
D.Give 5 reasons of De-Normalization.
1. View data in larger context for the ease in analysis.
2. To increase the performance as when queries are
applied, joins would retrieve data from multiple tables
then our processing would be poor as on slow rate.
3. Reduction of data overhead.
4. Reducing number of foreign keys
5. We require de-normalized i.e. analysis and reporting
process
E. What is business intelligence?
Answer:
It is a technology driven process for analysing data
and presenting actionable information to help corporate

executives, business managers and other end users make

more informed business decisions.

F. Why we use data warehousing?

Answer:
A data warehouse (DWH) is used for an
organization when they have multiple disparate source
systems and there is a business need to have a holistic
view of disparate data so the organization can make
intelligent business decisions. The business intelligence
(BI) decisions are usually strategic in nature though
tactical questions can also be answered.
Sometimes
tactical reporting is done for a more centralized reporting
convenience. Sometimes it is a requirement to offload
tactical reporting performance hits from the applications.

G.

What is Fact?

Answer:
A fact is something that has really occurred or is actually
the case. In context of DWH there exist Fact table which
consists of the measurements, metrics or facts of a
business process.