Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Module 3
2.3.2
Practical Circuits
Vout = Vin x
R2
(R1 + R2)
SUPPLYING A FIXED PD
Vi
R1
R2
Vo
V2
For the circuit shown, the current (I) through R1 and R2 is given by :
I = pd across the resistors =
total resistance
Vi
R1 + R2
Vi R1
R1 + R2
Vi R2
R1 + R2
So, Vo = Vi R1 / ( R1 + R2) = R1
V2
Vi R2 / ( R1 + R2) R2
Vo =
Vi R1
(R1 + R2)
FXA 2008
UNIT G482
Practical Circuits
2.3.2
Module 3
Vi R1
(R1 + R2)
100 x 1500
(1500 + 11000)
Vo =
12 V
SUPPLYING A VARIABLE PD
R1
Vi
R2
R2 = 0 ,
variable
resistor
Vi R1
(R1 + R2)
so Vo = Vi x R =
(R + 0)
0 V
Vi
Vo
Sliding contact
Vi
RL
+
Vo
R
-
FXA 2008
UNIT G482
2.3.2
Module 3
Practical Circuits
A THERMISTOR is a device
whose resistance varies
markedly with temperature.
Vo =
Vi RL
(RL + R)
In BRIGHT LIGHT
RL is LOW ( 50 to 100 ) compared with R.
So the output pd (Vo) is VERY SMALL.
As the light intensity DECREASES, RL INCREASES.
In TOTAL DARKNESS
RT
Vo
R
-
Vi
Vo =
Vi RT
(RT + R)
FXA 2008
UNIT G482
Module 3
2.3.2
Practical Circuits
Thermistor in waterbath
Vi
The design of commercial light or temperature-sensing potential divider circuits requires a full knowledge of the relationship between
the output pd (Vo) and either light intensity or temperature.
Vo
datalogger
COMPUTER
FXA 2008
UNIT G482
Module 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
2.3.2
Practical Circuits
12 V
5
4
Rv
(a) Calculate the pd across the LDR and its resistance when the
voltmeter reading is 3.4 V.
120
(b) A bright light is now shone on the LDR. Describe and explain
the change observed in the voltmeter reading.
Vo
+ 10 V RL
10 k
Vo
(a) Draw the circuit diagram and calculate the pd across each
resistor.
HOMEWORK QUESTIONS
(b) at 0 C
FXA 2008
UNIT G482
2
2.3.2
Module 3
Practical Circuits
5.0 V
1200
6.0 V
400
X
Y
Finger touched on
Contacts X and Y.
V
168 k
5.0 V
FXA 2008