Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Divya Padmanabhan
Intelligent Systems Lab,
Dept. of CSA,
Indian Institute of Science,
Bangalore
Divya Padmanabhan
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Divya Padmanabhan
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Divya Padmanabhan
Divya Padmanabhan
Some BASICS!!!
Divya Padmanabhan
Preliminaries
Vectors
eg. How well can you sing? paint? play? ..
Professional singer : 1
. Amateur : 0.1
Divya Padmanabhan
Preliminaries
Vectors
eg. How well can you sing? paint? play? ..
Professional singer : 1
. Amateur : 0.1
q
Norm |~x | = x12 + x22 + + xn2
~x
~y
Divya Padmanabhan
~x
~y
Figure: Projection of ~x on ~y =
~
x .~
y
||~
y ||
~x
Z
O
Divya Padmanabhan
~y
~x.~y
||y||
Linear Combination
c1~x + c2~y , c1 R, c2 R
Divya Padmanabhan
Linear Combination
c1~x + c2~y , c1 R, c2 R
Divya Padmanabhan
Linear Combination
c1~x + c2~y , c1 R, c2 R
Divya Padmanabhan
Matrix Multiplication
Divya Padmanabhan
Matrix Multiplication
z }| { z}|{
z }| {
2 3 1
8
=
4 5 2
14
2
3
8
+2
=
1
4
5
14
Divya Padmanabhan
2 1 0
A=
3 1 4
Divya Padmanabhan
10
2 1 0
A=
3 1 4
2
3
Row vectors = r 1 = 1 , r 2 = 1
0
4
Divya Padmanabhan
10
2 1 0
A=
3 1 4
2
3
Row vectors = r 1 = 1 , r 2 = 1
0
4
2
1
0
Column vectors = c1 =
, c2 =
, c3 =
3
1
4
Divya Padmanabhan
10
Fundamental spaces
Divya Padmanabhan
11
Representatives of a space
Basis and dimensions of a space
Basis : Smallest no. of linearly independent vectors whose linear
combination gives the entire space.
2
1
0
= 2
+1
1
0
1
Dimension : No. of vectors in the basis.
Divya Padmanabhan
12
Redundancy elimination
Divya Padmanabhan
13
Redundancy elimination
Divya Padmanabhan
13
Redundancy elimination
Divya Padmanabhan
13
0.8
1
Resear
h
Divya Padmanabhan
14
A22
0.8
1
Resear
h
Divya Padmanabhan
14
Publi
Speaking
Speaking
Ax = x
A22
0.8
1.6
0.8
Divya Padmanabhan
2
Resear
h
Resear h
14
Publi
Speaking
Speaking
Ax = x
A22
0.8
1.6
0.8
2
Resear
h
Resear h
Divya Padmanabhan
14
Publi
Speaking
Speaking
Ax = x
A22
0.8
1.6
0.8
2
Resear
h
Resear h
Divya Padmanabhan
14
Publi
Speaking
Speaking
Ax = x
A22
0.8
1.6
0.8
2
Resear
h
Resear h
14
Publi
Speaking
Speaking
Ax = x
A22
0.8
1.6
0.8
2
Resear
h
Resear h
14
Divya Padmanabhan
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Divya Padmanabhan
16
Jump
Divya Padmanabhan
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Importance of pages
Divya Padmanabhan
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Importance of pages
Divya Padmanabhan
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Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Divya Padmanabhan
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
18
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
18
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
18
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
18
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Vt = Vt1 H
Divya Padmanabhan
18
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
V0 =
1/4,
1/4
Divya Padmanabhan
19
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
1/4
9/24
1/4
5/24
V0 =
1/4, V1 = V0 H = 5/24 ,
1/4
5/24
Divya Padmanabhan
19
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
1/4
9/24
15/48
1/4
5/24
11/48
V0 =
1/4, V1 = V0 H = 5/24 , V2 = V1 H = 11/48
1/4
5/24
11/48
Divya Padmanabhan
19
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
20
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
20
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Divya Padmanabhan
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
21
A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Row stochastic
Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Row stochastic
Irreducible :Possible to reach a page from any other page.
Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
2 0
C 1 0
D 0 12
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
0
0
Row stochastic
Irreducible :Possible to reach a page from any other page.
Aperiodic : Not periodic
Divya Padmanabhan
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A 0 13
1
B
21 0
C2 0
D 0 0
Divya Padmanabhan
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
0
3
1
2
1
2
22
A 0 13
1
B
21 0
C2 0
D 0 0
Matrix H
C D
1
1
3
0
0
0
3
1
2
1
2
S =H +Y
A
C
D
Divya Padmanabhan
1
3
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
4
22
A
B
S=
C
D
A
0
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
3
1
3
0
0
0
0
1
4
1
4
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
4
1/n
B:
1/n
1/n
1/n
nn
Google matrix!
Surfer follows the link structure 60 % of time
Otherwise to a random page!
G = S + (1 )B
Divya Padmanabhan
23
Search Engines
Get pages containing query words.
Use page rank to determine the order of pages
to be displayed.
Divya Padmanabhan
24
Search Engines
Get pages containing query words.
Use page rank to determine the order of pages
to be displayed.
Ford
0.1
0.7
Maruti
Volkswagen 0.05
Hyundai
0.15
Divya Padmanabhan
24
Recommender Systems
Divya Padmanabhan
25
Recommender Systems
Matrix Factorization
Original matrix Xdn (d users, n movies)
= Mdk Hkn
X X
Find M, H.
Divya Padmanabhan
26
References
Divya Padmanabhan
27
THANK YOU!
Divya Padmanabhan
28