Application Note 002

HID CORPORATION

HID Clock-and-Data Reader Output

5368
5398
6008

HID Corporations Clock-and-Data readers (model numbers 5368, 5398, and

6008) emulate Magstripe Track II data output. This allows for easy upgrade
from magstripe to proximity.

The magnetic stripe track II output that the Clock-and-data

readers emulate is shown below in figure 1. The message
is a character wise message and consists of 25 leading
zeros, a start sentinel B, data characters, end sentinel F,
Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC), and 165 trailing zeros.

Standard Magnetic
Stripe Track II
Reader Output

< 25 leading 0s> B <data characters> F (LRC) < 165 trailing zeros >
B = Start character
F = Stop Character
LRC = Longitudinal redundancy check
FIGURE 1
Each character represents five bits consisting of four data bits and one odd
parity bit as shown here.
ddddp
xxxxo
d = data bit, p = odd parity, x = parity mask

Example: Start character B would look like the following,

B
10110
ddddp
xxxxo
1248 = LSB.....MSB

E. Sprik
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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

Clock-anddata Interface

The HID Clock-and-data reader interface emulates a magnetic

stripe track II reader output. The timing diagram is shown below
in figure 2. This consists of three signals card present, clock
(strobe), and data. The card present signal must go low before the start of
data transmission. It will remain low while data is transferred and return to high
after transmission is complete. The clock (strobe) signal synchronizes the host
system with the reader enabling data to be sent and received properly. The
data signal sends the encoded data to the host. This is a negative edge
triggered signal. Low signals are interpreted as 1s and high signals as 0s.
CLOCK & DATA INTERFACE PULSES
Card
Present

data

50mS
max

clock/
strobe

1st valid bit

bit time

strobe width

Note: the first 25 bits and trailing bits are zeros, not shown above.
bit time = 1.5ms (default)
strobe width = bit time/3 (33% of bit time), default = 500s
clock/strobe is valid 1.5ms (one clock cycle, min) after card present is asserted
data is valid 10s (min) before the negative edge of clock/strobe
card present returns to the high level 50 ms (max.) after the last clock/strobe.

FIGURE 2

Clock-and-data Reader
Output of Standard
Wiegand Formatted HID
Cards
By E. Sprik
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When a standard, Wiegand formatted HID

card is read on a Clock-and-data Reader, data
is sent to the host in the following manner:

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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

<25 leading zeros> B DDDD DDDD DDDD DDDD F (LRC)<trailing zeros>

D = 16 data characters
The character data (D) is packed into groups of three bits (octal), and sent to
the host as a 16 character message. The conversion of binary card data to
reader output character data is shown below.
Binary card data = a bcd efg hij klm nop qrs tuv wxy zAB CDE FGH IJK.
The Reader converts the card data to five bit groups by reversing the bit order,
adding a filling zero and parity to the right side of each group, and sends it to
the Host.
1248p 1248p 1248p 1248p 1248p 1248p 1248p.......1248p 1248p 1248p
<B> 0000p 0000p 0000p a000p dcbop gfe0p ....... KJI0p
<F> <LRC>

The 37 bit Clock-and-data card format (H10320) is

designed to be used with the Clock-and-Data reader. The
format is shown below. The card data is Binary Coded
Decimal (BCD). This differs from standard Wiegand
formatted cards which are encoded with binary data. The 32 bit A field is sent
as an 8 character Magnetic Stripe (MS) track II message.

HID 37 Bit Clock

and Data card
Format H10320

1A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A P P P P
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
E
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
O
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
E
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
E

1 = set bit
A = Card number, 32 bits, range = 0 to 99,999,999

Clock-and-data Reader
Output of Clock-and-data
H10320 Formatted Cards

P = Parity even and odd

X = Parity mask

When a Clock-and-data card is presented to a

HID Clock-and-data reader, the output is as
shown below.

<25 leading 0s> B D D D D D D D D F (LRC) < 165 trailing zeros >

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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

D = Eight characters of data. Each character is 4 bits of BCD (4 bits per

character X 8 characters = 32 bit card number) Card Range: 0 to 99,999,999
Example 1: card number = 0
<25 leading 0s> B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F (165)
Example 2: card number decimal 99,999,999
<25 leading 0s> B 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 F (165)

Conversion of Clock-and-data
Reader Output of Standard
Format Cards Back to the
Standard Wiegand Data
Structure

The Clock-and-data reader can also read

a standard Wiegand formatted HID card.
But the character data must be
manipulated before it will make any sense
to the panel, or to the user.

To convert the data back into a standard card format:

Step 1 Drop the <25 leading zeros>, start (B) character, stop (F) character ,
LRC, and trailing zeros.
Step 2 Starting on the right (least significant bit), convert the octal data
characters into the equivalent 3 bit binary groups. Drop all bits above
the last format bit (i.e. Anything above bit 26 in a 26 bit format).
Step 3 Strip off the parity bits. In standard card formats the parity bits are the
first and last bit. Example: remove bit 1 and bit 26 in a 26 bit format.
pddddddddddddddddddddddddp. p= parity bit and d= 24 data bits.
Step 4 Regroup the remaining binary data into four bit binary sets starting on
the right hand side with the least significant bit.
Step 5 Separate the characters based on the different facility code and card
number fields.
Step 6 Convert the hex characters in each field to the equivalent decimal
number.
The standard 26 bit Wiegand format is H10301. It is
Standard 26 Bit
binary encoded data. The format consists of 2 parity
Format Structure
bits, 8 bit facility code and 16 bit card number fields.
The format is shown below.
PAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBP
EXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXO
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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

P = Parity
A = Facility code, range = 0 to 255
B = Card Number, range = 0 to 65,535

Example :
Conversion of Clock-and-data
to Standard 26 Bit Output

O = Odd Parity
E = Even Parity
X = Parity mask

The conversion of the clock and data

reader output of a 26 bit formatted card
back to standard encoded data is shown
below.

The Clock-and-data reader will output the data in the character format shown in
the previous sections. For the 26 bit format the leading characters will be
zeros. The first non zero character contains the start sentinel (this is the first
one bit). The start sentinel is at bit 27 for 26 bit cards. All bits following the
start sentinel are pertinent card data. In this case it is 26 bits of data.
Example: 26 bit format H10301, facility code = 5, card number = 8
The Clock-and-data reader will output the following:
<25 leading 0s> B 0000 0004 0240 0020 F < 165 trailing zeros>

Step 1 Drop the <25 leading zeros>, start (B) character, stop (F) character ,
LRC, and trailing zeros.
This leaves the following 9 characters of octal data.
402400020

Step 2 Starting on the right (least significant bit), convert the octal data
characters into the equivalent 3 bit binary groups. Drop all bits above
bit 26.
0 2
4 0 0 0 2 0
00 000 010 100 000 000 000 010 000
pd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddp
Step 3 Strip off the parity bits. There should be 24 bits remaining.
000001010000000000001000= 24 bits
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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

dddddddddddddddddddddddd

Step 4 Regroup the remaining binary data into four bit binary sets
starting on the right hand side with the least significant bit.
0000 0101 0000 0000 0000 1000
dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd
Step 5 Separate the characters based on the different facility code and card
number fields.
| facility |
card
|
| code |
number
|
0000 0101 0000 0000 0000 1000
f f f f f f f f cccc cccc cccc cccc
The first 2 hex characters represent the facility code (f) while the last
4 hex characters represent the card number (c).
Step 6 Convert the hex characters in each field into the equivalent decimal
number.
0000 0101 0000 0000 0000 1000
f f f f f f f f cccc cccc cccc cccc
0
5
0
0
0
8
The numbers in the facility code and card number fields will be the same
as the standard HID Wiegand reader will report.
0 5 = eight bit Facility Code = 5 decimal
0 0 0 0 8 = sixteen bit Card Number = 8 decimal

37 Bit Format
(H10302) Structure

The HID 37 bit Wiegand format is H10302. It is binary

encoded data. The format is shown below.

PAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP
EXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXO
Where
P = Parity
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O = Odd Parity
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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

A = Card Number, range = 0 to 34,359,738,367

Example:
Conversion Clock-and-data to
37 Bit Format (H10302)

E = Even Parity

The conversion of a 37 bit formatted cards

output on a Clock-and-data reader is similar
to the previous 26 bit card conversion
example.

Example: Standard 37 bit format (H10302), card number = 12,120

The character output sent from the reader will look like the following.
<25 leading 0s> B 0000000000057261F < 165 trailing zeros >
To convert the data back into the form of a standard Wiegand card format
several steps must be taken.
Step 1 Drop the <25 leading zeros>, start (B) character, stop (F) character ,
LRC, and trailing zeros.
0000000000057261

Step 2 Starting on the right (least significant bit), convert the octal data
characters into the equivalent 3 bit binary groups. Drop all bits above
bit 37.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 7 2 6 1
0 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 101 111 010 110 001
p ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddp

Step 3 Strip off the parity bits. There should be 35 bits of data remaining.
000 000 000 000 000 000 000 101 111 010 110 00
ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd dd
Step 4 Regroup the remaining binary data into 4 bit binary sets starting on the
right hand side with the least significant bit.
000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0010 1111 0101 1000
ddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd dddd

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Interpretation of Clock-and-data Reader Output Contd

Step 5 Separate the characters based on the different facility code and card
number fields.
Since the Standard HID 37 bit format (H10302) only has a card
number field (c), this step is not needed. There is no Facility Code.
0
0
0
2
F
5
8
0000 0000 0000 0010 1111 0101 1000
cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc
Step 6 Convert the hex characters in each field to the equivalent decimal
number.
2F58 hex = 12,120 decimal
The final data is a 37 bit formatted card (H10302) with a decimal card
number of 12,120.

By E. Sprik
AN002f.DOC
9/21/1998

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