ARDHI UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE STUDIES

IS 151;INTRODUCTION TO ICT
NAME;FREDY MBILINYI
REG NO;8582/T.2015
FACULTY;BScAF

QUESTION ONE
a] what do you understand on the term information and communication technology ICT
ICT is the term include any communication devices or application for the examples radio,
television, cellular phones, computer, network hardwares, satellites as well as various services
and application
c] why we must always shutdown our computers using the turn off command
when the system is not shut down properly it may cause serious filesytem damage that is to say
when the files are not closed and the system is switched off these files may be corrupted and may
also results to the system to be rendered completely unusable

QUESTION TWO
a}What do you understand by the term Information processing cycle?

Is the sequence of event in processing information which include input, processing, storage and
output
B]Difference between the following..
I.

Internet search engine and URL

Jnternet search engine is a website whose primary function is providing a search engine
for gathering and reporting information available on the internet or apportion of internet
for example google, ask.com and the like WHILE URL stands for uniform resource
locator which is the address of a webpage

II.

Web 2.0 and web application

Web 2.0 refers to the websites that provide a means for users to share personal
information such as social networking websites WHILE Web application is a website
that allows users to access and interact with softwares from any computer or device that
is connected to the internet

III.

Operating systems and application program

Operating system is the system softwares that manages computer hardwares and
softwares resources and provides common services for computer programs WHILE
application program is a program that gives a computer instrunctions that provide the
user with tools to accomplish a task

IV.

Microsoft word and power point softwares

Microsoft word is a graphical word processing program that allows users to type and save
documents WHILE power point softwares is a software that is created by Microsoft
which allows the user to create slides with recording narration transition and other
features in order to present information

C] Describe the function of BIOS, Motherboard,Hard disc, Optical devices, RAM and ROM
BIOS this is in built operating system on ROM as the Basic input output system
Function,; It instruct computer on how to perform a number of basic function such as
booting and keyboard control and it is used to identify and configure the hardwares in a
computer such as hard drives, other drives,cpu and memory
Hard disc is the secondary storage of a computer
Function; it help to store data, instruction and information
Optical devices

Function;it helps to store softwares, data, digital photos, movies, music and all
information needed by the user
Motherboard is the main circuit board of the system units
Functions; it acts as the central backbone of a computer on which other modular parts
are installed such as CPU,RAM and hard disc. It is also rensponsible to distribute power
to various component of the computer
ROM [ to read only memory ] it is the memory chips storing permanent data and
instructions
Function; It is typically used to store small programs that never change
RAM [random access memory]
Function; it is used to store everything that my processer chip needs to access, all
programs and data are transferred from my disk drive to RAM before they are read/executed