Petroleum Handbook

Oil & Gas Hand Book
Refinery & LNG
HYDROCRACKING PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Competitive
Advantage
Application Requirements
Process Description
Application:
Hydrogen makeup compressor recycle valve Hydrocracker Unit
Process
The Hydrocracker unit is fed with hydrocarbon
liquid and hydrogen and the compressor is for
feeding hydrogen to the reactor. The hydrogen /
hydrocarbon feed blend is typically heated in a
fired heater and sent to the reactors where the
cracking reaction occurs. After heat exchange, the
hydrocarbon products are separated from
hydrogen and light gases in a series of separators
and flash drums. Hydrocarbon products are further
processed in a fractionation section.
The reactions taking place in the Hydrocracker
process include cracking, whereby long chain
hydrocarbons are broken into smaller chains, and
hydrogenation, where any free radicals or double
bonds are saturated. The end result is a
hydrocarbon product whose average molecular
weight is much smaller than the molecular weight
of the feed.
Common Valve Problems
Reliability
High pressure drop, noise & vibration
Leakage across the valve
Wear of the valve trim
Clogging / sticking of the valve
Inadequate response times
Instability in valve operation
CCI Value Proposition
Trim velocity Control
Bi-linear Trim
Quick Response Trim.
Stable actuator control.
Repeatable shutoff
Typical Valve Installation Schematic
Key Requirements
Tight shutoff typically ANSI Class V or VI
Fast stroking typically less than 2 sec opening,
often in modulation mode
Pneumatic actuation
Stability min overshoot with no oscillation
Multi-stage trim for velocity control
CCI Application Benefits
Low noise & vibration
Better process control
Reliability
High performance
Low maintenance
Competitor
Information
High compressor efficiency

Fisher: Trim Up to 3-stage trim, limited noise reduction, uses diffuser, muffler or silencer.
Mokveld: (RZD-RCX/RQX 1 or 2-stage cage) (RZD-RMX multi-stages), 1 or 2 stage cage, uses diffuser,
Valtek Tigertooth, Limited stages, short stroke, Poor resolution, Linear stack
Masonelian 72000 Series Valve with V-Log Trim
CCI Reference
References
ExxonMobil Malaysia
Petronas Malaysia
Pertamina, P.T. Badak NGL Co.
Shell International Petroleum, Brunei
Sarawak Shell BHD., Bintulu, Malaysia, MLNG Tiga, Mlng-Dua gas inlet facility
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
Cold High Pressure Separator Letdown in Hydrocracker Unit
Process
The hydrocracking process converts (or cracks)
heavy feedstocks into lighter components by
selective reactions with hydrogen in multiple
heated catalyst beds. The process is most
commonly used to create gasoline or diesel
product streams.
The incoming gas oil feed is heated in a furnace to
reaction temperature. It is combined with a recycle
hydrogen stream before flowing through the
reactor with multiple catalyst beds. Additional
recycle hydrogen is added between each bed to
control the cracking conversion. The reactor
effluent is sent to high-pressure, then low-pressure
separators. The vapor from the separators is
recycled through a compressor back to the feed.
Makeup hydrogen is added to this stream as
necessary. The liquid from the low pressure
separator is sent to a fractionator where the
reactor effluent is separated into component
product streams.
Common Valve Problems:
High pressure drop, flashing service causes
vibration & trim wear
Solids (corrosion product) in the service cause
erosion & clogging problems
High temperature sour service limits material
selection
Variable flow rates due to startup, shutdown &
variable feedstock
Competitive Advantage
Typical CCI Valve Design

Body: Typically material which can survive
severe erosion & corrosion e.g. F 347
Plug: Tungsten Carbide or equivalent high
erosion material.
Trim: Inconel 718 providing high erosion &
corrosion.
Actuation: Double Acting Piston Actuator.
Condensate is a mixture of oil & water with

gas at a high vapor bubble point
Competitor
Information
DRAG trim to Reduce trim velocities, erosion

& vibration
DRAG Velocity control controlled valve

velocities limit damage due to velocity erosion.
Trim to Handle different pressures & fluids

during startup
Large flow passages to pass residual solids
Disk stack made from Inconel 718, 316SS/HP
plug are suitable for NACE
Plug made of solid tungsten carbide minimizing

effect of erosion due to coke particles.
Specialized Disk design to prevent clogging.
High force piston cylinder for optimum control &
stiffness.
High force cylinder operator for optimum

stiffness & control
Fisher : DST Trim in the appropriate valve body
Masoneilan : Axial flow Lincoln Log Anti cavitation Trim
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Reference
Competitor
Information
Process Description
Application:
Hot High Pressure Separator Letdown in Hydro Cracker Unit
Process
The hydrocracking process converts (or cracks)
heavy feedstocks into lighter components by
selective reactions with hydrogen in multiple
heated catalyst beds. The process is most
commonly used to create gasoline or diesel
product streams.
The incoming gas oil feed is heated in a furnace to
reaction temperature. It is combined with a recycle
hydrogen stream before flowing through the
reactor with multiple catalyst beds. Additional
recycle hydrogen is added between each bed to
control the cracking conversion. The reactor
effluent is sent to high-pressure, then low-pressure
separators. The vapor from the separators is
recycled through a compressor back to the feed.
Makeup hydrogen is added to this stream as
necessary. The liquid from the low pressure
separator is sent to a fractionator where the
reactor effluent is separated into component
product streams.
Primary Function: Level Control
The selected valve sees high pressure drop as

the separator is under high pressure & the
fractionator is under vacuum.

The feedstock is multi constituent with high

vapor pressure resulting in severe flashing.

erosion material.
There is a carryover of at least of 1% catalyst &

traces of H2S & NH3 making it highly corrosive.

corrosion.
The media has a high concentration of coke

particles making is erosive.
Start up & Shut down modes.
Lower ownership cost of the valve.
Fewer plant downtimes due to valve failure.
Efficient control of the process.
Actuation: Double Acting Piston Actuator

stiffness.
Masonelian 77000 Cage Guided Technology

Fisher Dirty Service Trim Axial flow Cage Guided 3 Stage plug
Fisher 461 Sweep Flo 1 Stage plug
SchuF GmBH 74CS - 3 stage plug.
Pertamina Bolongan, Indonesia
Pertamina Cilacap, Indonesia
CATALYTIC REFORMER PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
Hydrogen Compressor Recycle Valve in Catalytic Reforming
Process
Catalytic reforming is a process used in petroleum
refining to increase the octane rating of naphtha so
it can be used for gasoline blend stocks.
In this type of process, there are three reactors
stacked on top of each other so that the catalyst
pellets can be moved from reactor 1 to 2 and from
2 to 3. From reactor 3 the catalyst is regenerated
by burning off (1000F) coke formed in the
reactors. The catalyst is then returned, or adjusted,
then sent to the No.1 reactor. The catalyst (pellets)
normally takes one day to be regenerated and
adjusted before returning. Hydrogen is circulated
through the reactors with the naphtha feed to
minimize the formation of coke on the catalyst.
This Hydrogen Recycle Compressor service can be
suitable for CCI Anti surge valve application.
Common Valve Problems
Key Requirements
Reliability


Pneumatic actuation
Competitor
Information

Bi-linear Trim
Repeatable shutoff

Reliability
High performance
Low maintenance
Avoids lost in production
Fisher : Trim Up to 3-stage trim, Limited noise reduction, uses diffuser, muffler or silencer.
limited noise reduction
Valtek Tiger tooth
Masoneilan-72000 Series valve, with V-Log Trim
Reference
ExxonMobil Malaysia
Petronas Malaysia
H2S & CO2 STRIPPER PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Sour Water Letdown Valve
Process
An additional output of the CHPS is sour water,
which is sent to the sour water flash drum to
remove residual hydrogen-sulphide and ammonia.
In this instance the pressure must be reduced from
approximately 100bar to atmosphere, flashing
occurs and the entrained catalysts and H2S and
NH3 can cause severe erosion.
Reference
Competitor
Information
Problems
Fluid normally flashing or out gassing with

entrained catalyst

severe erosion & corrosion.
There is a carryover of catalyst & traces of H2S

& NH3 making it highly corrosive.

erosion material.


corrosion.
Vibration due to high pressure drop across the

valve


stiffness.
Fisher: NotchFlo DST with HP valve model

SchuF: Model 74BS X-Flash
Masoneilan 78200 and 18200 Series valve with Lincoln Log Trim
Pemex Mexico
Chevron El Segundo
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Lean Amine Pump Recirculation Valve
Process
After absorption of H2S and CO2 in Amine
Contactor, rich amine is sent to Amine regenerator.
In the regenerator, the acidic components are
stripped by heat and reboiling action and, and the
is recycled. Regenerated amine called as LEAN
AMINE, is then fed back to the contactor tower and
the cycle continues.
Reference
Competitor
Information
Primary Function: Lean Amine Pump Protection

Lean amine recirculation valve maintains the
minimum NPSH for the pump. Typical
parameters (P1= 50 - 205 bar g, T1= 115 125
Deg C, P2=6 bar g)
Due to high pressure drop and temperature
and fluid being water with corrosive amine,
cavitation is of high probability leading to high
vibration, noise and high erosion.
Maintain high leak tightness in order to avoid
wastage of pump energy.

Body: Body material which can survive severe
erosion and corrosion. Eg. A182 316, CF8M,
A479-316.
Plug: High erosion resistant A 276-XM19,
UNS31803.
Trim: High erosion and corrosion resistant,
Inconel 718, UNS31803.
Actuation: Double acting piston cylinder for
accurate positioning, with higher stem diameter
to reduce vibration.

HIGH MTBF & Low MTTR

Specialized Disk design with sufficient stages to
reduce effect of cavitation.
stiffness.

Taoyuns Refinery - China

Ulsan 1000 - Korea
Reliance Refinery - India
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Rich Amine Letdown Valve
Process
Amine, often called MEA or DEA, is a chemical
liquid used to remove contaminants such as
hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
from raw gas. The amine liquid is pumped into the
top of a column. The raw gas enters through the
bottom of the column and, as it rises, the raw gas
passes through the amine liquid. In this process,
the H2S and CO2 are absorbed in to the amine
liquid and are removed from the gas. This process
is similar to carbon dioxide being absorbed into a
carbonated beverage. The gas leaving from the
column is referred to as clean and is sent for
distribution or use in the refinery. The amine at the
bottom of the column is referred to as rich amine.
This level control valve is referred to as the rich
amine letdown valve.
Reference
Competitor
Information

Rich amine let down valve controls the level in
the absorption column (T-35 to 50 Deg C, Pr. 5
to 205 bar) to the flash tank (115 to 126 deg C,
Pr. 1.4 to 1.7 bar)
Due to high pressure drop, outgassing occurs
in the valve making the media two phase flow
which causes high vibration, noise, high
erosion, due to increased velocities.
Amine itself is corrosive in nature and along
with absorbed H2S and CO2 & increased
velocities, cause accelerated corrosion.

A479-316.
UNS31803.


Specialized Disk design to accommodate two

phase flow.
stiffness.

ASMI Dal
La Maqyina
Pertamina, PT. BADAK NGL Co. Trains A to H
Shell Brunei & Sarawak shell BHD, Malaysia.
HYROTREATING PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
Feedstock Pump Recycle Valve in Hydrotreating Unit
Process
Hydro processing is used for removal of unwanted
constituents from feedstock using a catalyst bed.
The High pressure reactor removes unwanted
components like Sulphur & Nitrogen are removed
by a catalytic process & hydrogen rich gas is
flashed & sent for further processing. The reactor is
operated under high pressures with temperatures
upwards of 400 Deg C.
The feedstock pump which feeds to the feedstock
requires minimum flow to avoid the pump from
getting overheated and to avoid cavitation and
Feedstock Pump recycle valve is used to maintain
the minimum required flow for the pump.
Control valve Problems:
Competitor
Information
High pressure drop causes vibration &

trim wear

severe erosion & corrosion
Solids (catalyst, coke, corrosion product) in the

service can cause problems with lo-DB cage
guided trim

erosion material.
corrosion.
Leakage across the valve causes energy loss &

can limit production rates

DRAG trim to Reduce trim velocities &

eliminate cavitation, & erosion

Reduced vibration improve seal life

Large flow passages to pass residual catalyst,
coke, & other solids
stiffness & tight shutoff

stiffness
Masoneilan: 78200 series valve with Lincoln log trim.
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
Hydrogen Compressor Recycle Valve in Hydrotreating Unit
Process
Hydrogen is used in the refining industry primarily
as feed for reactors to avoid coke deposition on the
catalyst and to provide enough hydrogen to avoid
the production of olefins. Most of the hydrogen is
recycled through the process. There are several
refining processes such as hydrodesulphurization,
Hydrotreating /hydro cracking processes that
require hydrogen recycle compressors in their
process.
Key Requirements
Reliability


Pneumatic actuation

Bi-linear Trim
Reliability
High performance
Low maintenance
Repeatable shutoff

Reference
Competitor
Information
Extended life
Masoneilan -72000 Series valves with V-Log Trim
ExxonMobil Malaysia
Petronas Malaysia
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
Hot High Pressure Separator Letdown in Hydrotreating Unit
Process
Hydro processing is used for removal of unwanted
constituents from feedstock using a catalyst bed.
The High pressure reactor removes unwanted
components like Sulphur & Nitrogen are removed
by a catalytic process & hydrogen rich gas is
flashed & sent for further processing. The reactor is
operated under high pressures with temperatures
upwards of 400 Deg C.
The feedstock is recovered and sent to flash drum

or fractionators for further processing.
Typical feedstock media coming out of separator is
3-phase. The media has entrained H2S & NH3.

The selected valve sees high pressure drop as
the separator is under high pressure & the
fractionator is under vacuum.
The feedstock is multi constituent with high
vapor pressure resulting in severe flashing.
There is a carryover of at least of 1% catalyst &
traces of H2S & NH3 making it highly corrosive.

erosion material.
corrosion.
References
Competitor
Information
Start up & Shut down modes.


stiffness.

SchuF GmBH 74CS - 3 stage plug.
Pertamina Bolongan, Indonesia
Pertamina Cilacap, Indonesia
PETROLEUM REFINERY
Process Description
Application:
Cold High Pressure Separator Letdown in Hydrotreating Unit
Process
In a typical refinery, the cold high pressure
separator (CHPS) separates the rich hydrogen gas,
which is sent to the recycle compressor, from the
liquid effluent. The liquid phase is separated into
recoverable products and sour water. The
recoverable products are sent to the fractionation
tower or low pressure separator through the CHPS
letdown valve. The letdown valve controls the level
in the separator as flow moves to the fractionation
column. Many separators also include a sour water
separation section. In some processes, these valves
may dump the liquid effluent from the HHPS and
the CHPS to a low pressure separator (HLPS or
CLPS) before flowing to the tower. Utilizing a low
pressure separator allows additional removal of
hydrogen and light hydrocarbons.
High pressure drop, flashing service causes

vibration & trim wear

Solids (corrosion product) in the service cause

erosion & clogging problems

erosion material.
High temperature sour service limits material

selection

corrosion.
Variable flow rates due to startup, shutdown &

variable feedstock
Condensate is a mixture of oil & water with

gas at a high vapor bubble point
DRAG trim to Reduce trim velocities, erosion

& vibration
Trim to Handle different pressures & fluids
during startup
Large flow passages to pass residual solids

Disk stack made from Inconel 718, 316SS/HP

plug are suitable for NACE
stiffness & control

stiffness.
Competitor
Information
Fisher : DST Trim in the appropriate valve body

Masoneilan: 78200 and 18200 Series Lincoln Log Valves.
Schuf: Model 74TS- Multistage Pressure control valve
LNG Process
ACID GAS REMOVAL PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
LNG
Process Description
Application:
H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Lean Amine Pump Recirculation Valve
Process
After absorption of H2S and CO2 in Amine
Contactor, rich amine is sent to Amine regenerator.
In the regenerator, the acidic components are
stripped by heat and reboiling action and, and the
is recycled. Regenerated amine called as LEAN
AMINE, is then fed back to the contactor tower and
the cycle continues.
Reference
Competitor
Information
Primary Function: Lean Amine Pump Protection

Lean amine recirculation valve maintains the
minimum NPSH for the pump. Typical
parameters (P1= 50 - 205 bar g, T1= 115 125
Deg C, P2=6 bar g)
Due to high pressure drop and temperature
and fluid being water with corrosive amine,
cavitation is of high probability leading to high
vibration, noise and high erosion.
Maintain high leak tightness in order to avoid
wastage of pump energy.

A479-316.
UNS31803.


Specialized Disk design with sufficient stages to
reduce effect of cavitation.
stiffness.

Taoyuns Refinery - China

Ulsan 1000 - Korea
Reliance Refinery - India
LNG
H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Rich Amine Letdown Valve
Process
Amine, often called MEA or DEA, is a chemical
liquid used to remove contaminants such as
hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
from raw gas. The amine liquid is pumped into the
top of a column. The raw gas enters through the
bottom of the column and, as it rises, the raw gas
passes through the amine liquid. In this process,
the H2S and CO2 are absorbed in to the amine
liquid and are removed from the gas. This process
is similar to carbon dioxide being absorbed into a
carbonated beverage. The gas leaving from the
column is referred to as clean and is sent for
distribution or use in the refinery. The amine at the
bottom of the column is referred to as rich amine.
This level control valve is referred to as the rich
amine letdown valve.
Rich amine let down valve controls the level in
the absorption column (T-35 to 50 Deg C, Pr. 5
to 205 bar) to the flash tank (115 to 126 deg C,
Pr. 1.4 to 1.7 bar)
Due to high pressure drop, outgassing occurs
in the valve making the media two phase flow
which causes high vibration, noise, high
erosion, due to increased velocities.
Amine itself is corrosive in nature and along
with absorbed H2S and CO2 & increased
velocities, cause accelerated corrosion.
Competitor
Information

Reference
Process Description
Application:
ASMI Dal

A479-316.
UNS31803.
Specialized Disk design to accommodate two
phase flow.
stiffness.
La Maqyina
Pertamina, PT. BADAK NGL Co. Trains A to H
Shell Brunei & Sarawak shell BHD, Malaysia.
LNG
Process Description
Application:
Acid Gas Removal Vent to Flare
Process
The acid gas removal system removes the sour gas
components hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon
dioxide (CO2) and carbonyl sulfide (COS) from the
raw feed gas. This operation prepares the feed gas
for further processing.
Primary Function
Key Requirements
Limits noise and vibration caused by high

pressure drop ratio with high mass flow
Reduced noise and vibration to reduce the

failure of valve trim and piping
Ensure minimum leakage to flare
Allow lesser Leakage
Used during plant startup to establish a

reliable gas flow
Very Fast Stroking Time
Relieve excess pressure during upset

conditions and depressurize the system during
shutdown
Quick stroke requirement to prevent plant trip
during load rejection
Competitive
Advantage
Competitor
Information
Reference
MLNG Malaysia
Leakage Class VI or Class V

Reliability
Quicker Stroke Time
Low maintenance
Extended life
Valtek Tigertooth,
Saudi Aramco - UAE

Qatar Fertilizer - Qatar
MCR UNIT PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
LNG
Process Description
Application:
Antisurge valves in MCR (Mixed Component Refrigeration) cycle.
Process
The adjacent figure shows a typical MCR cycle.
Natural Gas cooled upto -40 deg C is brought into
main LNG exchanger. This compression requires an
intercooler and chiller, shown pictorially, to reject
the heat from the liquefaction cycle to the
environment. The high pressure MR is partially
condensed in the chiller before flowing into the
spiral-wound main cryogenic heat exchanger
(MCHE) (not shown). In this exchanger this stream
is continuously cooled and condensed tube-side
against the cold, LP mixed refrigerant stream.
Once condensed the cool high pressure MR is
expanded. The cold expanded MR returns to the
MCHE as the cold stream and continuously cools
the warm refrigerant stream and cools, condenses,
and subcools the incoming high pressure, dry
natural gas. The warmed, vaporized, LP MR then
leaves the MCHE and returns to the first stage of
the refrigerant compressor to complete the cycle.
Reference
Competitor
Information
Application
Requirements

Low temperatures
Bi-linear Trim
Repeatable shutoff
Key Requirements
Pneumatic actuation
Reliability
High performance
Low maintenance
ExxonMobil Malaysia
Petronas Malaysia
HYDROCARBON PROPANE RECYCLE PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
LNG
Process Description
Application:
Antisurge valves in Propane cycle
Process
The treated & dry natural gas obtained from the
dehydration unit is fed in to the propane
compression section to remove most of the natural
gas liquids. There could be 1, 2 or 3 stage propane
compressors in the cycle, or a single, huge, gas
turbine driven compressor, for precooling of the
natural gas and condensation of heavier NGL. The
gas is cooled down to a temperature of around -30
to -40 deg C.
This pre-cooled gas is then sent for liquefaction
and sub cooling in further stages using MCR as the
refrigerant.

Key Requirements
Low temperatures


Pneumatic actuation

Bi-linear Trim

Reliability
High performance
Low maintenance
Repeatable shutoff
Reference
Competitor
Information
Extended life
ExxonMobil Malaysia
Petronas Malaysia
DEHYDRATION PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
LNG
Process Description
Application: Turboexpander Bypass JT Valve

Process - Demethanizer
Turbo expanders are high efficiency devices which are used in
LNG to for separation of Natural Gas Liquids ( Eg. propane,
butane & ethane) from natural gas. High pressure gases
undergo isentropic expansion in turbo expanders. During this
process the gases get cooled as they pass through and work is
produced as a by product. Gases get cooled sufficiently enough,
that the temperature falls below the dew point of many of the
heavier constituents resulting in condensation.
Typical Installation Schematic:
J-T valve is used as bypass to turbo expander. Gases undergo

similar cooling process, but in an isenthalpic pressure
reduction. Here no work is done. This valve is used for more
efficient startup and shut down of turbo expanders. Also if the
expander reached full capacity, additional requirement can be
taken care of, by the J-T Valve.
P1 48 to 103 bar
P2 13.8 to 48.3 bar
Application
Requirements
Temperature - down to (-160 Deg C)

Primary Function: Bypass Full Capacity OR Make UP GAS
Ensure smooth Startup and Shutdown and used if capacity
of turbo expander is reached.
High Pressure drop causes high noise and vibration.
Valve should posses same characteristic and capacity as
that of the turbo expander.
Body and trim material selection is important due to low
temperatures
Typical CCI Valve Design:

Body: Typically material which can survive low
temperatures. Eg : A 351 CF8M, LCC
Plug: SS 316 Stellited
Packing : Special extended bonnet with special packing
Reference
Competitor
Information
Competitive
Advantage
Possibility of hydrate formation

CCI Value Proposition:
CCI Application Benefits:

DRAG Velocity control controlled valve velocities limit
damage due to velocity erosion.
High force piston cylinder for optimum control & stiffness.
Fisher Whisper I, Whisper III or Whisper Flow trim in Cryogenic E body.

Masoneilan 72000 series with V-LOG Energy management or Lo-DB Trim
Valtek Tiger tooth Design
Qatar, Ras Laffan, Adgas

Petronas
PT ARUN
PT Badak Bontang
Brunei Cold Gas

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Oil & Gas Hand Book

Refinery & LNG

HYDROCRACKING PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

Hydrogen makeup compressor recycle valve Hydrocracker Unit

Typical Valve Installation Schematic

High compressor efficiency

Cold High Pressure Separator Letdown in Hydrocracker Unit

Typical CCI Valve Design

Condensate is a mixture of oil & water with

Typical Valve Installation Schematic

CCI Application Benefits

DRAG trim to Reduce trim velocities, erosion

DRAG Velocity control controlled valve

Trim to Handle different pressures & fluids

Plug made of solid tungsten carbide minimizing

High force cylinder operator for optimum

Hot High Pressure Separator Letdown in Hydro Cracker Unit

Typical Valve Installation Schematic

Typical CCI Valve Design

The selected valve sees high pressure drop as

Body: Typically material which can survive

The feedstock is multi constituent with high

Plug: Tungsten Carbide or equivalent high

There is a carryover of at least of 1% catalyst &

Trim: Inconel 718 providing high erosion &

The media has a high concentration of coke

Actuation: Double Acting Piston Actuator

CCI Application Benefits

Masonelian 77000 Cage Guided Technology

CATALYTIC REFORMER PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

Hydrogen Compressor Recycle Valve in Catalytic Reforming

Typical Valve Installation Schematic

Tight shutoff typically ANSI Class V or VI

High pressure drop, noise & vibration

Fast stroking typically less than 2 sec opening,

Leakage across the valve

Instability in valve operation

CCI Application Benefits

H2S & CO2 STRIPPER PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Sour Water Letdown Valve

Typical Valve Installation Schematic

Typical CCI Valve Design

Fluid normally flashing or out gassing with

Body: Typically material which can survive

There is a carryover of catalyst & traces of H2S

Plug: Tungsten Carbide or equivalent high

The media has a high concentration of coke

Trim: Inconel 718 providing high erosion &

Vibration due to high pressure drop across the

Actuation: Double Acting Piston Actuator.

CCI Application Benefits

DRAG Velocity control controlled valve

Fisher: NotchFlo DST with HP valve model

H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Lean Amine Pump Recirculation Valve

Primary Function: Lean Amine Pump Protection

Typical Valve Installation Schematic

Typical CCI Valve Design

CCI Value Proposition

DRAG Velocity control controlled valve

Masonelian 77000 Cage Guided Technology

Taoyuns Refinery - China

H2S/CO2 Stripper Loop Rich Amine Letdown Valve

Primary Function: Level Control

Typical Valve Installation Schematic