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TCM305/05
UNIT 5
Unit 5
Safety Issues and Project
Closeout
Learning Outcomes
By the end of Unit 5, learners should be able to:
Content Overview
5.1 Safety and Health
5.1
Indirect costs
real costs of accidents are more indirect, difficult to predict, and not covered
by insurance
hidden costs which are not so obvious.
costs to train and compensate a replacement worker, repair damaged
property, investigate the accident and implement corrective action, and to
maintain insurance coverage
Other examples: stoppage work orders, penalties, legal penalties, public
relations, hiring replacement worker, supervisory costs, worker demanding
more pay
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Every employer should establish, implement and maintain an occupational safety and health
management system and shall be in accordance with the requirement of the relevant
Malaysian Standard or with any other equivalent Occupational Safety and Health
Management System approved by Director General (DOSH, 2007).
Every contractor of any building operation and works of engineering construction when the
total contract price of the project exceeds twenty million ringgit Malaysia shall employ a
safety and health officer (Section 29, Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994; Occupational
Safety and Health (Safety And Health Officer) Order 1997; DOSH, 2007).
The main contractor of a worksite shall appoint a part time site safety supervisor who should
spend at least fifteen hours per week exclusively on safety supervision and on promoting the
safe conduct of work generally within the site (Reg. 25, Building Operations And Works Of
Engineering Construction (Safety) Regulations, 1986; DOSH, 2007).
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Every contractor other than the main contractor in charge of worksite who employs more
than twenty persons to carry out work on a worksite shall appoint a part time contractors
safety supervisor, who should spend at least five hours per week exclusively on safety
supervision and on promoting the safe conduct of work generally by his employees. (Reg.
26, Building Operations And Works Of Engineering Construction (Safety) Regulations, 1986;
DOSH, 2007)
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Movements of vehicles
All vehicles used at worksites shall be roadworthy and comply with the
requirements of the Road Transport Department of Malaysia.
No person shall drive a vehicle of any class or description in a construction
worksite unless he is the holder of a driving license
Whenever any work is being performed over
the working area shall be barricaded
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Removal of debris
shall be handled and disposed off by a method, which will not endanger workers and public
safety and health
shall not be allowed to accumulate
shall be kept sufficiently moist to lay the dust
Wherever materials are dropped more than 6 metres to any point lying outside the exterior
walls of the building, an enclosed chute of wood, or materials of equivalent strength shall be
used
Excavation Work
any excavation site shall be provided with substantial guard-rails or board fences. In addition,
temporary foot walks beyond the kerb shall be substantially constructed and provided with
protection on both sides
During darkness, all public sidewalks shall be adequately illuminated and warning lights or
flares shall be placed about the property to ensure safety for pedestrian and vehicular traffic
structures shall be supported where necessary
excavation site and its vicinity shall be checked by a designated person
Temporary sheet piling installed to permit the construction of a retaining wall shall not be
removed until the wall has developed its full strength
adequate shoring shall be provided
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Scaffolding
shall be of good construction, of suitable and sound material and of adequate
strength
No scaffold shall be erected or be substantially altered or be dismantled except
under the direct supervision of a designated person
materials to be used for the construction of scaffolds shall be inspected by a
designated person
shall be properly maintained
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Catch Platform
may be constructed of material other than wood provided such
material is of equal strength
Concrete Work
Formwork and reshores shall be certified structurally safe by a
Professional Engineer and shall be properly braced or tied
together so as to maintain position and shape.
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5.2
Project Closeout
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If the contractor thinks that the work has been substantially/practically completed
a letter giving notice of completion and requesting final inspection should be sent to the
architect or lead engineer
Project commissioning
a systematic, comprehensive and dynamic process of ensuring that all building systems
perform interactively according to the design intent and the clients requirements and
operational needs.
follows a logical sequence of testing, verifying and documenting the installation of
components, equipment and ultimately integrated structural, architectural, electrical and
mechanical systems to ensure design intent and operational requirements are met.
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Practical completion
the client has accepted the project/building from the contractor, with the
condition that the loose ends will be tied up and the defects are made
good.
Under PAM 2006 Form, the possession of the jobsite should also be
returned to the client upon the issuance of the certificate of practical
completion. This means that now the client officially owns the building
etc constructed for him by the contractor.
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The Principal Submitting Person (PSP) will receive, process and approve
planning permission and building plans. They can also authorize site
inspections on own initiative or acting on complaints to check the works in
progress, issue a notice if there is a breach or divergence and failure to
rectify it, issue a notice in writing to the PSP not to issue the CCC if
breaches and divergence are not rectified, taking action to rectify any
continuous breach or divergence including reporting to Professional Boards.
Under the new CCC system, a responsibility process matrix is introduced.
Each construction process needs to be verified by professionals and
contractors or trade contractors.
The PSP must ensure that these certification forms (Form Gs) are duly filled
and certified as they form part of the CCC.
The project works need to be completed in accordance to the approved
Building Plans (or subsequent revised approved building plans or as-built
plans) and the PSP has supervised the works accordingly.
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The PSPs tasks are to prepare and present planning and building plans to
Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan (PBT, or Local Authority) for approval, informing PBT
of the commencement of construction works on site, supervising construction
works at the site and ensuring that the laws and technical conditions of the PBT
are followed
There is no change to the responsibility or liability on the PSP as under the old
system the PSP was already fully liable and responsible for the entire project
even though the PBT approved it and issues the CFO for it.
There is no reason for any professional to succumb to pressure by any party to
flaunt the independent certifying role that has been entrusted to the profession.
There are increased penalties for offences.
The architect can issue CCC without electricity and water being connected but
ready for connection.
In a nutshell, the introduction of CCC has put more responsibility on the
consultants in ensuring the safety and performance of the project compared to
the past.
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Project performance
Administrative performance
Organisational structure
Team performance
Techniques of project management
Benefits to the organisation and the customer
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End of UNIT 5
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