LG COMPANY PROFILE

LG Corp. founder Koo In-Hwoi established Lak-Hui Chemical Industrial Corp. in 1947. In 1952,
Lak-Hui (pronounced "Lucky", currently LG Chem) became the first Korean company to enter the
plastics industry. As the company expanded its plastics business, it established GoldStar Co., Ltd.,
(currently LG Electronics Inc.) in 1958. Both companies Lucky and Goldstar merged and formed
Lucky-Goldstar.
Goldstar produced South Korea's first radio. Many consumer electronics were sold under the
brand name GoldStar, while some other household products (not available outside South Korea) were
sold under the brand name of Lucky. The Lucky brand was famous for its line of hygiene products such
as soaps and HiTi laundry detergents, but most associated with its Lucky and Perioe toothpaste.
In 1995, to better compete in the Western market, the Lucky-Goldstar was renamed "LG", the
abbreviation of "Lucky-Goldstar". More importantly, the company associates the letters LG with the
company's tagline "Life's Good". This tagline came from Australia, where many of the products are
tested first by LG. Since 2009, LG also owns the domain name LG.com. In 1996 LG formed a joint
venture with IBM. This joint venture was later terminated.
On 1 April 2000, LG Chemical was split into three separate companies, namely LGCI, LG Chem and
LG Household & Health Care. Later, in July 2007, LG Chem merged with LG Petrochemical
Since 2001 LG has two joint ventures with Royal Philips Electronics: LG Philips
Display and LG.Philips LCD, but Philips sold off its shares in late 2008. In 2005, LG entered into a
joint venture with Nortel Networks, creating LG-Nortel Co. Ltd.
LG has a joint venture with Hitachi, Hitachi-LG Data Storage, which makes optical data storage
devices like DVD-ROM drives, CD writers, etc. LG acquired American manufacturing
company Zenith in 1999.
LG has owned the LG Twins baseball club in Seoul, South Korea since 1989.
The stocks are separated into four parts, 52% are owned by the CEO, 22% are distributed and the other
26% are owned by the next generation CEO who's currently attending a university in Orlando, Florida
getting her degree in business and Recording ArtsThe company logo of LG features the letters L and
G, presented in the form of a smiling human face.

SAMSUNG COMPANY PROFILE

1938 to 1970
The headquarters of Samsung Sanghoein Daegu in the late-1930s
In 1938, Lee Byung-chull (19101987) of a large landowning family in the Uiryeong county
came to the nearby Daegu city and founded abdulaziz shammaaa small trading company with forty
employees located in Su-dong (now Ingyo-dong). It dealt in groceries produced in and around the city
and produced its own noodles. The company prospered and Lee moved its head office to Seoul in 1947.
When the Korean War broke out, however, he was forced to leave Seoul and started a sugar refinery
in Busan as a name of Cheil Jedang. After the war, in 1954, Lee founded Cheil Mojik and built the plant
in Chimsan-dong, Daegu. It was the largest woolen mill ever in the country and the company took on an
aspect of a major company.
1970 to 1990

In 1980, Samsung acquired the Gumi-based Hanguk Jeonja Tongsin and entered the
telecommunications hardware industry. Its early products were switchboards. The facility were developed
into the telephone and fax manufacturing systems and became the centre of Samsung's mobile phone
manufacturing. They have produced over 800 million mobile phones to date. The company grouped them
together under Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. in the 1980s.
1990 to 2000
Samsung started to rise as an international corporation in the 1990s. Samsung's construction
branch was awarded a contract to build one of the two Petronas Towers in Malaysia, Taipei
101 in Taiwanand the Burj Khalifa in United Arab Emirates.[23] In 1993, Lee Kun-hee sold off ten of
Samsung Group's subsidiaries, downsized the company, and merged other operations to concentrate on

three industries: electronics, engineering, and chemicals. In 1996, the Samsung Group reacquired
the Sungkyunkwan University foundation.
Samsung became the largest producer of memory chips in the world in 1992, and is the world's
second-largest chipmaker after Intel (see Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Market Share Ranking Year
by Year).[24] In 1995, it built its first liquid-crystal display screen. Ten years later, Samsung grew to be the
world's largest manufacturer of liquid-crystal display panels.
Sony which had not invested in large-size TFT-LCDs, contacted Samsung to cooperate, and, in
2006, S-LCD was established as a joint venture between Samsung and Sony in order to provide a stable
supply of LCD panels for both manufacturers. S-LCD was owned by Samsung (50% plus 1 share) and
Sony (50% minus 1 share) and operates its factories and facilities in Tangjung, South Korea. As on 26
December 2011 it was announced that Samsung had acquired the stake of Sony in this joint venture.
Compared to other major Korean companies, Samsung survived the 1997 Asian financial
crisis relatively unharmed. However, Samsung Motor was sold to Renault at a significant loss. As of
2010,Renault Samsung is 80.1 percent owned by Renault and 19.9 percent owned by Samsung.
Additionally, Samsung manufactured a range of aircraft from the 1980s to 1990s.
The company was founded in 1999 as Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI), the result of merger
between then three domestic major aerospace divisions of Samsung Aerospace, Daewoo Heavy
Industries, and Hyundai Space and Aircraft Company. However, Samsung still manufactures aircraft
engines and gas turbines.
2000 to present
View of the Samsung logo inside theTime Warner Center in New York City.
Samsung Techwin has been the sole supplier of a combustor module of the Trent 900 engine of
the Rolls-Royce Airbus A380-The largest passenger airliner in the world- since 2001. Samsung Techwin
of Korea is a revenue-sharing participant in the Boeing's 787 Dreamliner GEnx engine program.
Samsung Electronics overtook Sony as one of the world's most popular consumer electronics
brands in 2004 and 2005, and is now ranked #19 in the world overall. In Q3 of 2011, Samsung has
overtaken Apple to become the World's Largest Smartphone maker. SCTV and Indosiar are subsidiary of
Surya Citra Media that owned by Samsung. In 2011, SCTV and Indosiar will merger and given stake by
Samsung.
In 2010, Samsung announced a 10-year growth strategy centered around five businesses. One
of these businesses was to be focused on biopharmaceuticals, to which the Company has
committed 2.1 trillion. In December 2011, Samsung Electronics sold its hard disk drive (HDD)
business to Seagate.

GODREJ COMPANY PROFILE

Godrej Group is one of the largest conglomerates based in Mumbai, India, involved in
various industries that include appliances, precision equipment, machine tools, furniture, healthcare,
interior solutions, office equipment, food-processing, security, materials handling and industrial storage
solutions, construction and information technology. Its products include Locks, access control systems ,
security systems and safes, typewriters and word processors, rocket launchers, refrigerators and
furniture, outsourcing services, machine tools and process equipment, cosmetics and detergents,
engineering workstations, medical diagnostics and aerospace equipment, edible oils and chemical,
mosquito repellents, car perfumes, chicken and agri-products, material handling equipment like
FORKLIFT trucks, stackers, tyre handlers, sweeping machines, access equipments etc. The Group is
headed by Adi Godrej and Jamshyd Godrej.
Traditionally, Vikhroli, a suburb to the Northeast of Mumbai has been Godrej's manufacturing
base, but increasingly the groups have moved significant production facilities away from Mumbai. The
Godrej group also owns vast land in Vikhroli, occupying 3500 acres (14 sq km) of land on both sides of
the Vikhroli section of the LBS marg. That makes the Godrej group the biggest private land owner in
Mumbai by far [citation needed]. Such vast land can, in theory, be used to create at least 1,500 acres (6.1
km2) of residential floor space, which, at very modest rates (Rs.10000/sq ft), can be sold for USD 16
billion. Thus, the Godrej group is sitting on an invisible cash pile that is an envy of other Indian
conglomerates [citation needed].
Timeline
1897 - Godrej is established in 1899
1902 - Godrej makes its first Indian Safe
1918 - Godrej Soaps Limited incorporated
1961- Godrej Started Manufacturing Forklift Trucks in India
1971- Godrej Agrovet Limited began as an Animal Feeds division of Godrej Soaps
1974 - Veg oils division in Wadala, Mumbai acquired
1990 - Godrej Properties Limited, another subsidiary, established
1991 - Foods business started
1994 - Transelektra Domestic Products acquired
1995 - Transelektra forged a strategic alliance with Sara Lee USA
1999 - Transelektra renamed Godrej Sara Lee Limited and incorporated Godrej Infotech Ltd.
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2001 - Godrej Consumer Products was formed as a result of the demerger of Godrej Soaps Limited.
2003 - Entered the BPO solutions and services space with Godrej Global Solutions Limited
2006 - Foods business was merged with Godrej Tea and Godrej Tea renamed Godrej Beverages &
Foods Limited
2007 - Godrej Beverages & Foods Limited formed a JV with The Hershey Company of North America
and the company was renamed Godrej Hershey Foods & Beverages Limited
2008 - Godrej relaunched itself with new colorful logo and fresh identity music
2010 - Godrej launched GoJiyo a free, browser based 3D virtual world2011 - Godrej & Boyce shuts
down its typewriter manufacturing plant, the last in the world.
HISTORY OF REFRIGERATOR
Before the invention of the refrigerator, icehouses were used to provide cool storage for most of the
year. Placed near freshwater lakes or packed with snow and ice during the winter, they were once very
common. Natural means are still used to cool foods today. On mountainsides, runoff from melting snow
is a convenient way to cool drinks, and during the winter one can keep milk fresh much longer just by
keeping it outdoors.
In the 11th century, the Persian physicist and chemist Ibn Sina(Latinized name: Avicenna) invented the
refrigerated coil, which condenses aromatic vapours This was a breakthrough in distillation technology
and he made use of it in his steam distillation process, which requires refrigerated tubing, to produce
essential oils.
Schematic of Dr. John Gorrie's 1841 mechanical ice machine. The first known artificial refrigeration
was demonstrated by William Cullen at the University of Glasgow in 1748.The American inventor
Oliver Evans, acclaimed as the "father of refrigeration," invented the vapor-compression refrigeration
machine in 1805. Heat would be removed from the environment by recycling vaporized refrigerant,
where it would move through a compressor and condenser, where it would eventually revert back to a
liquid form in order to repeat the refrigeration process over again.
However, no such refrigeration unit was built by Evans. In 1834, Jacob Perkins modified Evans'
original design, building the world's first refrigerator and filing the first legal patent for refrigeration
using vapor-compression. John Gorrie, an American doctor from Florida, invented the first mechanical
refrigeration unit in 1841, based on Evans' original invention to make ice in order to cool the air for
yellow fever patients. Gorrie's mechanical refrigeration unit was issued a patent in 1851. American
professor Alexander C. Twining of Cleveland, Ohio patented an early vapor-compression refrigerator in
1853 that was fully capable of producing a ton of ice per day.
In 1856, James Harrison, an immigrant from Scotland living in Australia, developed an ice making
machine using ammonia and an ether compressor. It was used in the brewing and meat packing
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industries of Geelong, Victoria. Ferdinand Carr of France developed a somewhat more complex
system in 1859. Unlike earlier compression-compression machines, which used air as a coolant,
Carr's equipment contained rapidly expanding ammonia. In 1913, refrigerators for home and
domestic use were invented by Fred W. Wolf of Fort Wayne, Indiana with models consisting of a unit
that was mounted on top of an ice box.In 1914, engineer Nathaniel B. Wales of Detroit, Michigan,
introduced an idea for a practical electric refrigeration unit, which later became the basis for the
Kelvinator.
A self-contained refrigerator, with a compressor on the bottom of the cabinet was invented by
Alfred Mellowes in 1916. Mellowes produced this refrigerator commercially but was bought out by
William C. Durant in 1918, who started the Frigidaire Company in order to begin the first massproduction of refrigerators.In 1918, Kelvinator Company introduced the first refrigerator with any
type of automatic control. The absorption refrigerator was invented by Baltzar von Platen and Carl
Munters from Sweden in 1922, while they were still students at the Royal Institute of Technology in
Stockholm. It became a worldwide success and was commercialized by Electrolux. Other pioneers
included Charles Tellier, David Boyle, and Raoul Pictet. Carl von Linde was the first to patent and
make a practical and compact refrigerator.
General Electric "Monitor-Top" refrigerator, introduced in 1927. These home units usually
required the installation of the mechanical parts, motor and compressor, in the basement or an
adjacent room while the cold box was located in the kitchen. There was a 1922 model that consisted
of a wooden cold box, water-cooled compressor, an ice cube tray and a 9-cubic-foot (0.25 m3)
compartment, and cost $714. (A 1922 Model-T Ford cost about $450.) By 1923, Kelvinator held 80
percent of the market for electric refrigerators. Also in 1923 Frigidaire introduced the first selfcontained unit. About this same time porcelain-covered metal cabinets began to appear. Ice cube trays
were introduced more and more during the 1920s
The first refrigerator to see widespread use was the General Electric "Monitor-Top" refrigerator
introduced in 1927, so-called because of its resemblance to the gun turret on the ironclad warship
USS Monitor of the 1860s. The compressor assembly, which emitted a great deal of heat, was placed
above the cabinet, and surrounded with a decorative ring. Over a million units were produced. As the
refrigerating medium, these refrigerators used either sulfur dioxide, which is corrosive to the eyes and
may cause loss of vision, painful skin burns and lesions, or methyl formate, which is highly
flammable, harmful to the eyes, and toxic if inhaled or ingested. Many of these units are still
functional today. These cooling systems cannot legally be recharged with the hazardous original
refrigerants if they leak or break down.
The introduction of Freon in the 1920s expanded the refrigerator market during the 1930s and
provided a safer, low-toxicity alternative to previously used refrigerants. Separate freezers became
common during the 1940s, the popular term at the time for the unit was a "deep freeze". These
devices, or "appliances", did not go into mass production for use in the home until after World War
II. The 1950s and 1960s saw technical advances like automatic defrosting and automatic ice making.
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More efficient refrigerators were developed in the 1970s and 1980s, even though environmental
issues led to the banning of very effective (Freon) refrigerants.
Early refrigerator models (from 1916) had a cold compartment for ice cube trays. From the late
1920s fresh vegetables were successfully processed through freezing by the Postum Company (the
forerunner of General Foods), which had acquired the technology when it bought the rights to
Clarence Birdseye's successful fresh freezing methods.
The first successful application of frozen foods occurred when General Foods heiress Marjorie
Merriweather Post (then wife of Joseph E. Davies, United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union)
deployed commercial-grade freezers in Spaso House, the US Embassy in Moscow, in advance of the
Davies arrival. Post, fearful of the USSR's food processing safety standards, fully stocked the
freezers with products from General Foods' Birdseye unit. The frozen food stores allowed the Davies
to entertain lavishly and serve fresh frozen foods that would otherwise be out of season. Upon
returning from Moscow, Post (who resumed her maiden name after divorcing Davies) directed
General Foods to market frozen product to upscale restaurants.
Home freezers as separate compartments (larger than necessary just for ice cubes), or as separate
units, were introduced in the United States in 1940. Frozen foods, previously a luxury item, began to
be commonplace.
WHIRLPOOL COMPANY PROFILE
A whirlpool is a swirling body of water usually produced by ocean tides. The vast majority of
whirlpools are not very powerful. More powerful ones are more properly termed maelstroms. Vortex
is the proper term for any whirlpool that has a downdraft. Very small whirlpools can easily be seen
when a bath or a sink is draining, but these are produced in a very different manner from those in
nature. Smaller whirlpools also appear at the base of many waterfalls.[1] In the case of powerful
waterfalls, like Niagara Falls, these whirlpools can be quite strong. The most powerful whirlpools
are created in narrow shallow straits with fast flowing water.
NOTABLE WHIRLPOOLS
The five strongest whirlpools in the world are the Saltstraumen outside Bod in Norway, which reaches
speeds of 37 km/h (23 mph); the Moskstraumen off the Lofoten islands in Norway (the original
maelstrom), which reaches speeds of 27.8 km/h (17.3 mph); the Old Sow in Eastport, Maine, United
States, which has been measured with a speed of up to 27.6 km/h (17.1 mph); the Naruto whirlpools in
Japan,[2] which have a speed of 20 km/h (12 mph); and the Corryvreckan in Scotland, which reaches
speeds of 18 km/h (11 mph).
Powerful whirlpools have killed unlucky seafarers, but their power tends to be exaggerated by laymen.
There are virtually no stories of large ships ever being sucked into a whirlpool. Tales like those by Paul
the Deacon, Jules Verne and Edgar Allan Poe are entirely fictional. The closest equivalent might have
7

been[original research?] the short-lived whirlpool that sucked in a portion of Lake Peigneur in New
Iberia, Louisiana, USA after a drilling mishap in 1980. This was not a naturally-occurring whirlpool,
but a man-made disaster caused by breaking through the roof of a salt mine. The lake then behaved like
a gigantic bathtub being drained, until the mine filled and the water levels equalized.