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Indian Standard
GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO
CEMENT CONCRETE
PART
CONCRETE
AGGREGATES
0 Copyrigh
BUREAU
MANAK
Cr
OF
EIHAVAN,
INDIAN
1972
STANDARDS
9 BAHADUR
SHAH
NEW DELHI
110002
ZAFAR
MARG
IS86461 (PartI)-
Indian Standard
CONCRETE
and Concrete
Sectional
Chairman
AGGREGATES
Committee,
BDC 2
Representing
DR H. C. VISVEBVARAYA
Members
Cent;el$oad
Research
Institute
Institute
(CSIR ),
( CSIR ), New
DR R. K. GHOSH( Alternate )
Central Water & Power Commission, New Delhi
DIRECTOR
( CSMRS )
DEPUTYDIRECTOR
( CSMRS )
( Afternate )
SHRI K. C. GHOSAL
BRIENAREWIPRABAD
Gedhinagar,
Adyar,
COLJ. M. TOLANI(Alternate)
( Continued on fiage 2 )
BUREAU
OF
INDIAN
STANDARDS
Representing
Stru~o~~e~gineering
PROP G. S. RAMASWAMY
Research
Centre
( CSIR )
DR N. S. BHAL ( Alternate )
National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
DR A. V. R. RAO
SHRI RAV~NDERLAL ( Alternate )
Geological Survey of India, Nagpur
SHRI G. S. M. RAO
- Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
SHRI T. N. S. RAO
SHRI S. R. PINHEIXO (&mafe)
Central Board of Irrigation & Power, New Delhi
SECRETARY
Irrigation & Power Research Institute, Amritsar
SHRI R. P. SHAXMA
SHRI MOHINDERSINGH ( Alternate )
Hindustan Housing Factory Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI G. B. SINGH
SHRI C. L. KASLIWAL ( Alternate )
Beas Designs Organization, Nangal Township
SHRI J. S. SINGHOTA
SHRI A. M. SINGAL( Alternate )
The India Cements Ltd, Madras
SHRI K. A. SUBRAMANIAM
SHRI T. S. RAMACHANDRAN( Alternote)
Dalmia Cement ( Bharat) Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI L. SWAROOP
SHRI A. V. RAMANA ( Alternate )
Director General, IS1 ( Ex-oJicio Member )
SHRI D. AJITHA SIMHA,
Director ( Civ Engg )
Secretary
SH~I Y. R. TANEJA
Deputy Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1
Concrete
Subcommittee,
BDC 2 : 2
Convener
SHRI S. B. JOSHS
Members
DX S. M. K. CHETTY
Centl;aborkt,ilding
In
Research
Institute
( CSIR),
personal capacity
( Shrikunj
Near
Parkash
Housing Socifty, Athwa Lines, Swat 1)
& Standards
DEPUTY DIRECTOR, STANDARDS Resertknoesrgns
Organization,
U
(B&S)
ASSISTANT
DIRECTOR,STANDARDS
( M/C ) ( Alternate )
Engineering Research Laboratories, Hyderabad
DIRECTOR
c.kntral Water & Power Commission, New Delhi
DIRECTOR ( C & MDD )
Dxpum DIRECTOR( C & MDD )
( Alternate )
SHRI V. K. GHANEKAX
Stru;;;;mle3ngineering
Research Centre ( CSIR ),
SHRI A. S. PRAEADA RAO
(Alternate)
Alokudyog Services Ltd, New Delhi
SHR~ K. C. CHOSAL
SHRI A. K. BISWAS ( Afternate )
Buildings & Communications Department, Bombay
SHRI V. N. GUNAJI
The Associated Cement Companics Ltd, Bombay
SHRI P. J. JAWS
( Continued on page &I)
Indian Standard
GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO
CEMENT CONCRETE
PART
CONCRETE
AGGREGATES
0. FOREWORD
0.1
aggregates
Part
Part
II
Materials
Part
III
Concrete
Part
IV
Types
Part
Formwork
Part
VI
Equipment,
Part
VII
Mixing,
laying,
compaction,
construction
aspects
Part
VIII
Properties
of concrete
Part
IX
Structural
aspects
Part
and aggregate
reinforcement
of concrete
for concrete
tools and plant
apparatus
3
curing
and
other
-_
IS:6461
(PartI)-
Part XI
Prestressed concrete
Part XII
Miscellaneous
of formwork
of
terms. British
Standards
American
AC1
formwork.
617-1968
Recommended
American Concrete Institute.
practice
for
concrete
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard ( Part I ) covers definitions of terms relating
gates for cement concrete.
to aggre-
2. DEFINITIONS
2.0 For
2.1 Absorption -- The process by which a liquid is drawn into and tends
to fill permeable pores in a porous solid body; also, the increase in weight
of a porous solid body resulting from the penetration of a liquid into its
permeable pores.
NOTE- In the case of concrete and concrete aggregates, unless otherwise stated, the
liquid involved
adhering
to the
the dry weight
treated
by an
constant
weight
*Definitions
tGlossary
and terminology
of terms
relating
relating
to hydraulic
to pozzolana.
cement.
Material
composed
of a mixture
of ccwsc aggre-
containing
a substantial
proportion
2.3.1 Ballast, All-in - Aggregate
of all sizes ( including
sand ) below a stated maximum,
as obtained from a
pit, river-bed or seashore.
2.3.2
crusher
IS Sieve.
NOTE 2 -
to produce
low void
2.6.2
stone.
26.3
gravel.
aggregate
Fine aggregate
produced
produced
by crushing
by crushing
hard
natural
having
a particle
size distribu-
of a proportion
of all
When these sizes are
it is a well graded
Remkhy
nf
Aggregate ) -
Susceptibility
of aggregate
to
reaction.
having
refractory
properties
2.13 Aggregate, Refractory - Materials
which w,hen bound together into a conglomerate
mass by a matrix, from a
refractory body.
2.14 Aggregate,
Single Sized - Aggregate the bulk of which passes one
sieve on the normal concrete series and is retained
on the next smaller
size.
Dry rodded bulk volume of coarse aggregate per unit volume
2.15 b/boof concrete; the ratio of the solid volume of coarse aggregate
particles per
unit volume of freshly mixed concrete to the solid volume of the coarse
aggregate particles per unit volume of dry rodded coarse aggregate.
2.16 Ballast - Stone or gravel mixture ofirregular
may also contain smaller material and sand.
unscreened
sizes which
Blastfurnace
slag which
has been
allowed
to solidify
in a molten
Swollen,
as certain
light weight
aggregates
as a result
of
of sand in a
Bulking
- Increase in the bulk volume of a quantity
condition
over the volume of the same quantity
dry or completely
inundated.
2.22
moist
2.23 Bulking
due to change
CurveGraph of change
in moisture content.
2.24 Bulking
Factor
the sand when dry.
Ratio
in volume
of the volume
of marble
of a quantity
of moist
or
other
sand
of sand
to volume
mineral
of
aggregate
furnace
residue which has been fused
or
2.26 Cinder - Well burnt
sintered
into lumps
of varying
sizes.
The same material
in a finely
powdered form is found to possess some pozzolanic
activity.
rock fragment between
2.27 Cobble -A
applied to coarse aggregate
for concrete,
range 75 to 150 mm.
2.29 Crushed Stone - The product resulting from the artificial crushing
of rocks, boulders or large cobblestones,
substantially
all faces of which
have resulted from the crushing operation.
2.36 Dry Rodding - In measurement
of the weight per unit volume of
coarse aggregates,
the process of compacting
dry material in a calibrated
container
by rodding under standardized
conditions.
2.31 Dry Rodded VolumeThe
compacted
dry, under standardized
weight of aggregate.
volume
occupied
by an aggregate
conditions
used in measuring
unit
of an aggregate
4.75.mm,
sieves used
are:
IO-mm, 20-mm,
15bmicroq
300-micron,.
600-micron,
l-18-mm,
40-mm and larger increasmg
in the ratlo of 2 to 1.
2.34 Flat Piece - One in which the ratio of the width to thickness
circumscribing
rectangular
prism is greater than a specified value.
2.35
Free
Moisture
Moisture
not retained
or absorbed
of its
by aggregate.
2.36 Fullers
Curve -An
empirical
curve for gradation
of aggregates;
also known as the Fuller-Thompson
Ideal Grading
Curve.
The curve is
designed by fitting either a parabola or an ellipse to a tangent at the point
where the aggregate fraction is one-tenth of the maximum
size fraction.
A particle
size distribution
2.37 Gap Gradingcertain intermediate
sizes are wholly or substantially
particles
of
all
in which
absent.
See2.45.
See2.45.
2.41 Gravel
a) Granular
material
predominantly
retained
on the 4*75_mm IS
Sieve and resulting
from natural
disintegration
and abrasion
of
rock or processing of weakly bound conglomerate;
or
8
representation
of the percentages
of
2.42 Grading Curve - A graphical
different particle sizes in a material obtained by plottint
the cumulative
or
separate percentages
of the material passing through sieves in which the
aperture sizes form a given series.
2.43 Gravel, Pea-Screened gravel most of the particles of which
pass a IO-mm IS Sieve and will be retained on a 4*25-mm IS Sieve.
2.44 Particle Shape of Aggregate -The
particle
such as angular, cubical, elongated and flaky.
2.44.1 Angular - The particles of aggregates
edges formed at the inter-section
of roughly planer
aggregate
most
2.44.2 Cubical -Angular
breadth and thickness approximately
equal.
shape
possessing
faces.
of its particles
will
of aggregate,
well defined
have
length,
Aggregate,
the particles
shaped by attrition.
of which
are
fully
distribution
of particles
of
2.45 Particle Size Distribution -The
granular material among various sizes; usually expressed in terms of cumulative percentages
larger or smaller than each of a series of diameters
( sieve openings ) or the percentages
between certain ranges of diameters
( sieve openings ) .
9
large
random
shaped
stone
dropped
freshly
For cyclopean
concrete,
the weight of each stone may not be less than
concrete the stone may be such that one man can handle.
shape and
2.49 Rubble - Rough stone of irregular
larger masses by geological process or by quarrying.
2.50
into
structure,
size,
broken
placed
50 kg.
from
Sand
a) Granular
material passing the lo-mm IS Sieve and almost entirely
passing the 4*75-mm IS sieve and predominantly
retained on the
75-micron IS Sieve, and resulting from natural disintegration
and
abrasion of rock or processing of completely friable sandstone; or
b) That portion of ah aggregate passing the 4.75-mm IS Sieve and
predominantly
retained
on the 75-micron
IS Sieve, and resulting from natural disintegration
and abrasion of rock or processing
of completely friable sandstone.
NOTE
-The
definitions
are alternatives
to be applied
under
differing
Definition
(a) is applied
to an entire aggregate
weather in a
circumstances.
natural
condition
or after processing.
Definition
(b) is applied to a portion
of
an aggregate.
Requirements
for properties
and grading
should be stated in
specifications.
Fine aggregate
produced
by crushing
rock, gravel,
or slag
commonly
is known as manufactured
sand .
Scalper
of the amount
oversize
stone
of clay contamination
particles.
of irregular
size occurring
of the proportions
of particle lying
material by separation
on sieves of
2.55 Sieve
Correction - Correction
of SieW analysis
to adjust
deviation of sieve performance
from that of standard calibrated sieve.
for
2.56 Silt -A
granular material resulting from the disintegration
of rock,
with grains largely passing a No. 200 ( 47 micron ) sieve; alternatively,
such particles
in the range from 2 to 50 microns diameter.
10
IS : 6461( Part
I ) - 1972
Sand -
see2.6.2.
II
DR M. L. PURI
Cent;)ae:h&d
Research
AdTar, Madras 20 )
Institute
( CSIR),
New
12
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