The railway industry is expected as an important

concept in all over the world.

Nowadays there is a high demand for this industry.

Railway road infrastructure and its ability to provide

timely and efficient service is very important

There are traditional as well as modern construction

methods available.

The truck on a railway is the

structure consisting of rails,
fasteners, sleepers and slab track
plus underlying sub grade is
considered as a traditional
method.
Enables train to move by
providing a dependable surface
for their wheel to roll.

Those days coal was used as

the fuel which was comparably
cheaper than latest fuels.
Those traditional trains had
the steam engine, that is
operated by burning the coal.
But steam engine is less
effective compare to current
sophisticated engines.

Advantages
low capital cost
easily be erected.
Need no more heavy technology
Disadvantages
Heavy demand for maintenance.
Restore the disired track geometry
Smoothing of vehicle running.
Weakness of the sub grade and drainage
deficiencies lead to heavy maintenance cost.

one of the cheapest and efficient transporting system both

within the urban areas and rural areas.

new technologies have made the construction process

easier and less time consuming.

In American method rails, track panels and sleepers are

first assembled in the base yard.

In tube railways underground railways are generally

provided at a depth of more than 25 m.

The main reason for taking the railway so deep into the
ground is to avoid it interfering with the water supply
mains, sewerage system, telephone lines, gas lines, etc.

Only electric traction is used for transportation trains

Surface railways are the cheapest and most widely

used.

In such a system, the track is laid on a ground that

has a suitable embankment or cutting, depending
upon the geography of the area.

Metropolitan railways use electric traction because

of the following advantages.
(a) Electric traction does not pollute the environment.
(b) The acceleration and deceleration of trains is faster.
(c) Electric traction ensures the availability of power for
improved and modern signaling.

In underground railway system the railway line is constructed

below the ground level.

The construction work is done mostly by the cut and cover

method.

An underground railway system normally uses electric traction.

Advantages of underground railway system are as follows.

(a) Trains can run fast and undisturbed as there are no road crossings or
other similar problems.

(b) Deal with a very high attentiveness of human traffic.

(c) There is no wastage of land.

The underground railway system is a very costly arrangement

Elevated railways is provided at an elevation above the ground level.

The track is laid on a deck, which is supported by steel or RCC columns.

The main advantage of elevated railways is that they do not require any
separate land.

Disadvantage is the cost of constructing such a

railway is very high.

The monorail is a form of elevated railway that is

provided with only one rail on which trains run.

The monorail system is recommended only in

exceptional cases where operating the conventional

systems is difficult

Cost allocation for most of the component may

comparatively expensive

There is high infrastructure and maintenance cost

In Sri Lanka, construction of railways are not happening

frequently

Maintenance is common

The cost is not only includes construction cost

Cost for the designing, for the land, regulatory costs, etc.

also includes with the rate

Rails are manufacturing as

45ft units

Cost estimation was

prepared for construction

of 45ft railway.

Rate breakdown was

prepared under;

Material

Labour

Plant & Equipment

Colombo Matara Track

Colombo- Badulla Track

Colombo Jaffna Track

Colombo Batticaloa Track

Colombo Trincomalee Track

Colombo Avissawella Track

 Located

in Maradana

24hour

x 7 service

Control

System is

centralized

Control

Range

Southern Coastal Line

Colombo to Galle
Ragama Line Colombo to
Negambo
Polgahawela Main line
Colombo to Polgahawela

station has a local Station master can observe

the railway traffic for
control panel
there
Very useful in dey to day
It indicates the control
operations
and signals of its limit
Each

Track between two stations

divided into blocks.

Discharging a relay the

identification signal is

generated
SIGNAL 01
SIGNAL 02

SIGNAL 03

Automatic Signal System

Tablet System

Traffic Control at Stations

Railway Switches

Use of railways gives huge economic, social and environmental

benefits and savings

Most of the work related to Sri

Lankan Railway service is done

Manually

Passengers are not satisfied with the

service and they are compelled to

travel by roads which result in congestion during peak hours

Existing railway is not upgraded to its required standards to fulfill

existing demand

 Utilization

of new Technology

Replacement of the existing container-type

wagons with Improved high-speed wagons

Opting for Electric Locomotives

Railway Track Electrification

Incorporation of Information
Technology

Introducing Automatic Signals instead of

traditional system

Other Recommendations

Construction of new railway lines

Minimization of vacant time of railway lines

Efficient utilization of resources

Reorganization of administration

Minimization of vacant
time of railway lines

Minimization of the

transport of vacant
carriage boxes

Railway engineering is a multifaceted engineering

currently undergoing modernization.
New technologies developed in railway track
construction, signaling system, control systems.
Efficient engines and compartments were
introduced in recent years.

Efficient engines and

compartments were
introduced in recent
years.