06 - 01 - RN30086EN40GLA1 - WCDMA Active Antenna System PDF

Selected site solutions: Active Antenna Systems
RN30086EN40GLA1
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RN30086EN40GLA1
Introduction
Motivation and Feature Overview
RN30086EN40GLA1
NEI Complex Introduction

Active Antenna System
RAN 2597 AAS Active Antenna System 2100a/800-900p FAGP
Flexi Multiradio Antenna System allows to create two cells arranged vertically
within one sector
RAN2383 AAS Active Antenna System 2100/1800 FAGF

RAN2384 AAS Vertical Sectorization
Active Antenna is a stand-alone

fully operational multitransceiver-antenna module.
Cell 2
Cell 1
It includes full radio functionality

(transmitter, receiver, antenna
parts and related digital signal
processing)
Active antenna provides also

(passive) antenna support for an
external source (RRH/FRM)
Inner cell
Outer cell
Power Amplifier (PA) for each

radiator element inside the
antenna
Independent TX/RX tilting

TX
Intelligent beam-forming for
Independent carrier tilting
TX
capacity enhancement
Jumper cable losses eliminated

Less boxes
RX
f1
RAN2579 AAS RX/TX Tilting
RN30086EN40GLA1
f2
RX
RAN2569 AAS Tilting per Carrier
Introduction
Motivation and Benefits
Motivations
forecasts and the traffic evolution process
Natural evolution step towards simplified sites (less

elements, less visual impact, less weight, less wind load)
Ability to provide innovative features like separate RX/TX

tilting
Optimize coverage, capacity, site space and costs
Traffic voulume
WCDMA network capacity enhancements due to traffic

Data traffic
Voice traffic
Time
Benefits
Integrated package of active RF parts and passive antenna elements are capable to provide active
antenna features like:
Vertical sectorization, separate rx/tx tilting, beam shaping, tilting per carrier
Active Antenna Vertical sectorization gives up to 65% capacity gain in DL and up to 135% capacity
f1
gain in UL (upper bound achievable in case of high network load)

f1 or f2
Inner and Outer cell can operate on same frequency doubled resources
In-built redundancy multiple active elements inside active antenna

Compact site layout, improved power efficiency, no cable losses
Active Antenna enables advanced SON capabilities
6
RN30086EN40GLA1
Introduction
Compact Site Evolution Steps
Natural evolution step towards simplified sites: less elements, less visual impact, less weight, less wind load
Very compact Flexi Multiradio BTS Site as the last link in the chain
2002
2006
2012+
2010
Active Antenna
Radio
RF Sharing
MHA
GSM
Dual Band
Antenna
WCDMA
System
GSM
WCDMA
(baseband)
GSM /WCDMA
Traditional site
Modular site
Dedicated HW per Technology
RN30086EN40GLA1
Modular site Single

RAN
System Module Sharing

Modular site w. active
antenna
Software Defined Radio
Technical Details
Functionality and Implementation
RN30086EN40GLA1
Technical Details
Why Active Antenna System is Called Active? What is Integrated Antenna System (IAS)?
Passive Antenna + RRH
Integrated Antenna System
Standard passive antenna
solution
(IAS)
Single Power Amplifier (PA) -
Single Power Amplifier (PA) -
external RRH
RRH integrated to the back of

passive antenna
No capacity gains, no beam-
No capacity gains, no beam-
forming
forming possibilities
Feeder and jumper losses
Has the same functionality as

with standard RRH connected
to antennas with
feeders/jumpers
RRH
RRH

Less boxes
Improved site solution as no
TRX
Active Antenna is a stand-alone
TRX
fully operational multitransceiver-antenna module.
TRX
It includes full radio functionality
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
(transmitter, receiver, antenna

parts and related digital signal
processing)
Active antenna provides also

(passive) antenna support for an
external source (RRH/RFM)
From IAS perspective, AAS

solution is another step forward
Common
separate RRH visible
Power Amplifier (PA) for each

radiator element inside the
antenna
Intelligent beam-forming for

capacity enhancement

Less boxes
9
RN30086EN40GLA1
Technical details
HW Architecture
Active Antenna (AA)

Active Element (AE)
Common
(CM)
Power
AA Power
Supply
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
RP3-01
RP3-01
External IF
AA
calibration
AA control
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Antenna (A)
Duplex
Filter
AA calibration & RF Loop

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
Active Antenna architecture consists of following sub-modules:

Common (CM) sub-module
Active Element (AE) sub-module (4 pcs)
Antenna (A) sub-module, dual band antenna
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Antenna sub-module
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
Active Element sub-module
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
10
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
Comon sub-module

TX
PA
RX
LNA
RN30086EN40GLA1
Duplex
Filter
Technical details
Active Antenna System datasheet
Operating bands:
Active 2100 MHz (40MHz bandwidth)
Passive: 1800 MHz (FAGF) and 800-900 MHz (FAGP)
Antenna Gain:
18 dBi (active part)
17,5 dBi (passive part FAGF)
16,5 dBi (passive part FAGP)
Beam:
Horizontal beam width: 65 (3dB loss)
Three horizontal sectors only
Maximum three horizontal sectors site layout at the
time being
Vertical beam width:
6...20 adjustable for active part (3dB loss)
7 passive part (3dB loss)
Dimmensions (FAGF):
Height: 1480mm
Width: 240mm
Depth: 210mm
Weight: < 36kg
Active Antenna
PA0
PA1
Other details:
Active cooling with long life fans
Operating temperature range:
-40 +55C (with solar shield)
Installation options:
Mast
Pole
RET port on Common
sub-module has been
Wall Mounting
removed according to
CN5213
PA2
PA3
PA4
PA5
PA6
PA7
Flexi System Module Rel.3
Details:
8 Power amplifiers (10W each) with total 80W power
10 passive elements
Fully Electrical Vertical Tilt: +7/ -7
+/-45 Polarization
MIMO Support (2Tx & 2Rx)
Dual Cell support
Power consumption < 400 W @ 48V (100% RF load)
RET interface for passive part (8P connectors at passive
part)
11
RN30086EN40GLA1
Common
Module
Optional integrated
DC power distributor
Technical details
GSM
Common RF
WCDMA
System
GSM
GSM RF
Losses on the feeder cables

can be even higher than
3dB, depending on length,
connectors and type.
Possible use of TMA

Traditional Site Solution:
GSM 1800 (20W)
12
RF Sharing applied
Separate System Modules
Separate Antenna Systems
per technology
Flexi Multiradio GSM1800 / WCDMA2100
Site Solution
RN30086EN40GLA1
GSM
GSM RF
WCDMA
Site evolution steps
GSM
Common RF
WCDMA
RF Sharing applied
Dual-band antenna system
1800/2100
Possible feeder-less solution

Flexi Multiradio GSM1800 / WCDMA2100
with Dual-band antenna Site Solution
Dualband antenna
Active part for WCDMA
GSM works on passive part
Feeder less solution
Flexi Multiradio GSM1800passive /
WCDMA2100 active Site Solution
Technical details
Self Optimizing Network SON
Flexi Multiradio Antenna System will support the Self Optimizing Network approach
Active elements and Common module inside AAS enables advaced Active Antenna features such as vertical beam width, separate TX/RX tilting and tilting per carrier
Different time of the day brings different traffic distribution within one geographical area
Flexi Multiradio Antenna System may adopt to these states via:
Adjusting electrical tilts and vrtica beam width for both inner and outer cells
Setting separate RX/TX/carrier tilts
Enabling/disabling vertical sectorization
These actions brings several benefits like power saving, capacity and coverage improvements
Adjusting tilt settings in

response to change in
traffic distribution
Independent cell/carrier/TX&RX tilting
13
RN30086EN40GLA1
Disabling vertical
sectorization in the night
SON
Vertical Sectorization
Configuration Management
Parameters and Configuration
14
RN30086EN40GLA1
Parameters - Overview
Flexi Multiradio Antenna System introduces the following set of parameters that can be used to achive desired configuration.
Parameters belong to three different Managed Object Classes (MOCs):
RMOD
Radio Module related parameters
Mechanical tilt angle

LCELW
Mechanical tilt
angle
Tilting per TX/RX in

use
Vertical TX tilt
angle
WCDMA BTS Local Cell

configuration related parameters
Vertical TX tilt angle
Tilting per carrier in

use
Vertical RX tilt angle

RX
Vertical sector beamwidth
TX
f1
BTSSCW
RX
TX
f1 or f2
WCDMA BTS radio specific

configuration related parameters
Vertical sector beam

width
Vertical sectorization in
use
Tilting per TX/RX in use
Tilting per carrier in use
15
RN30086EN40GLA1
Vertical RX tilt
angle
Vertical sectorization
in use
Parameters - Mechanical tilt angle
Mechanical tilt angle

Abbreviated name
tiltAngleMechanical
MOC
RMOD
Data type
Number
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
0...10 deg, step 0,5 deg
Default value
7 deg
This parameter is used to define mechanical

tilt angle. This information is for O&M
purposes only (changing the parameter value
does not change mechanical tilt angle value
of the antenna).
Horizon level
The Mechanical Tilt is given by
Mechanical tilt can be up to 10

degrees below the horizon level
(adjusted with 0.5 degree step)
Total downtilt = Mechanical
tilt + Electrical Tilt
16
RN30086EN40GLA1
physically tilting down the

antenna via antenna brackets
Parameters - Vertical TX tilt angle
Vertical TX tilt angle

Abbreviated name
txVerticalTiltAngle
MOC
LCELW
Data type
Number
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
-7...7 deg, step 0,5 deg
Default value
0 deg
This parameter is used to define TX electrical

tilt angle value.
With AAS it is possible to adjust the tilts separately for uplink and
downlink directions
TX
Simulations show that optimal tilts (giving the best network capacity
gains) are distinct for uplink and downlink directions
Thus, separate RX/TX tilting allows to achive highest gains

If RX/TX Tilting License Key is not present, Vertical RX tilt angle
RX
17
RN30086EN40GLA1
equals Vertical TX tilt angle regardless of the rxVerticalTiltAngle

parameter value
Parameters - Vertical RX tilt angle
Vertical RX tilt angle

Abbreviated name
rxVerticalTiltAngle
MOC
LCELW
Data type
Number
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
-7...7 deg, step 0,5 deg
Default value
0 deg
This parameter is used to define RX

electrical tilt angle value.
With AAS it is possible to adjust the tilts separately for uplink and
downlink directions
Simulations show that optimal tilts (giving the best network capacity
TX
gains) are distinct for uplink and downlink directions

If RX/TX Tilting License Key is not present, Vertical RX tilt angle
RX
18
RN30086EN40GLA1

parameter value
Parameters - Vertical sector beamwidth
Vertical sector beamwidth

Abbreviated name
sectorVerticalBeamWidth
MOC
LCELW
Data type
Number
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
6...20 deg, step 0,5 deg
Default value
7 deg
This parameter is used to define sector

vertical beam width (3dB loss at antenna
pattern).
This setting can be used to control the size of the

8 deg
14 deg
area that is covered by inner and outer cell.
It also helps to reduce to the inter-cell interference

It is also a Self Optimizing Network (SON) ready
functionality network load can be wisely and fully
automatically split between inner and outer cells
19
RN30086EN40GLA1
Parameters - Vertical sectorization in use
Vertical sectorization in use

Abbreviated name
verticalSectorizationInUse
MOC
BTSSCW
Data type
Boolean
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
True, False
Default value
False
The parameter is used to enable Vertical

Sectorization for Active Antenna System.
Two cells per one frequency created from one Flexi

Multiradio Antenna System.
f1
20
RN30086EN40GLA1
f1
When both parameters verticalSectorizationInUse

and tiltingPerCarrierInUse parameters are set to
True value, it is possible to define separate tilts for
these two cells and achieve vertically sectorizated
site layout.
Parameters - Tilting per TX/RX in use
Tilting per TX/RX in use

Abbreviated name
tiltingPerTxRxInUse
MOC
BTSSCW
Data type
Boolean
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
True, False
Default value
False
The parameter is used to enable Tilting per

TX/RX for Active Antenna System.
This parameter enables separate tilt setting for RX and TX directions

If tiltingPerTxRxInUse is set to True value, Active Antenna System will
TX
set separate electrical tilt values for uplink and downlink
If tiltingPerTxRxInUse is set to False value, Vertical RX tilt angle

RX
21
RN30086EN40GLA1

parameter value
Parameters - Tilting per carrier in use
Tilting per carrier in use

Abbreviated name
tiltingPerCarrierInUse
MOC
BTSSCW
Data type
Boolean
Description
Parameter group
Range and step
True, False
Default value
False
The parameter is used to enable Tilting per

Carrier (local cell) for Active Antenna System.
Tilting per carrier replaces the RET needed with

passive antenna
TRUE
FALSE
It allows to set electrical tilt for one or more beams

coming from the Flexi Multiradio Antenna System
If the parameter tiltingPerCarrierInUse is set to False

value, the default value of electrical tilt (0 deg) is set
for all beams coming from the AAS mechanical tilt
applies then only
22
RN30086EN40GLA1
TX/RX resource allocation
4 cells (2 x Dual Cell) 10W

(1Tx+1Rx)
3 sector (horizontal) case

3 AAS needed
Window shows the exact cell/site

layout that can be achieved via the
particular RX/TX resource allocation
Dual Cell
MIMO
Dual Cell
MIMO
Inner cell
23
Next slides describe the TX and RX resource allocation at Flexi Multiradio Antenna System
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 3
Cell 3
Outer cell
Figure describing the TX/RX

resource allocation on each Active
Element belonging to Active Antenna
System. Maximum output power per
Active Element is 20W.
Active Element 1
(20W)
Active Element 2
(20W)
Active Element 3
(20W)
Active Element 4
(20W)
Tx1.1.1 Tx1.1.2 Tx1.1.3 Tx1.1.4
Tx2.1.1 Tx2.1.2 Tx2.1.3 Tx2.1.4
Tx3.1.1 Tx3.1.2 Tx3.1.3 Tx3.1.4
Tx4.1.1 Tx4.1.2 Tx4.1.3 Tx4.1.4
Tx polarization 1
Tx1.1.1 Tx1.1.2 Tx1.2.3 Tx1.2.4
Tx2.1.1 Tx2.1.2 Tx2.2.3 Tx2.2.4
Tx3.1.1 Tx3.1.2 Tx3.2.3 Tx3.2.4
Tx4.1.1 Tx4.1.2 Tx4.2.3 Tx4.2.4
Tx polarization 2
Rx1.1.1 Rx1.1.2 Rx1.1.3 Rx1.1.4
Rx2.1.1 Rx2.1.2 Rx2.1.3 Rx2.1.4
Rx3.1.1 Rx3.1.2 Rx3.1.3 Rx3.1.4
Rx4.1.1 Rx4.1.2 Rx4.1.3 Rx4.1.4
Rx polarization 1
Rx1.1.1 Rx1.1.2 Rx1.2.3 Rx1.2.4
Rx2.1.1 Rx2.1.2 Rx2.2.3 Rx2.2.4
Rx3.1.1 Rx3.1.2 Rx3.2.3 Rx3.2.4
Rx4.1.1 Rx4.1.2 Rx4.2.3 Rx4.2.4
Rx polarization 2
RN30086EN40GLA1

3 AAS needed
1 cell 20W (1Tx+2Rx)
TX/RX resource allocation is done during the BTS Commisioning

Process
Each Active Element maximum total output power is 20W

(2x10W for example maximum per polarization is 10W).
The following format is used in the figure below:

Tx.[ActiElementNumber].[PolarizationNumber].[CellNumber]
Rx.[ActiElementNumber].[PolarizationNumber].[CellNumber]
Cell 1
2way RX div
Active Element 1
(5W)
Tx1.1.1
5W
Tx1.2.1
24
Active Element 2
(5W)
5W
Tx2.1.1
10W
Tx2.2.1
Active Element 3
(5W)
Tx3.1.1
10W
5W
Tx3.2.1
Active Element 4
(5W)
Tx4.1.1
10W
5W
Tx4.2.1
Tx polarization 1
10W
Rx1.1.1
Rx2.1.1
Rx3.1.1
Rx4.1.1
Rx polarization 1
Rx1.2.1
Rx2.2.1
Rx3.2.1
Rx4.2.1
Rx polarization 2
RN30086EN40GLA1

3 AAS needed
1 cell 40W+ 40W MIMO

(2Tx+2Rx)

Process


Cell 1
MIMO
Active Element 1
(20W)
25
Active Element 2
(20W)
Active Element 3
(20W)
Active Element 4
(20W)
Tx1.1.1
10W
Tx2.1.1
10W
Tx3.1.1
10W
Tx4.1.1
10W
Tx polarization 1
Tx1.2.1
10W
Tx2.2.1
10W
Tx3.2.1
10W
Tx4.2.1
10W
Tx polarization 2
Rx1.1.1
Rx2.1.1
Rx3.1.1
Rx4.1.1
Rx polarization 1
Rx1.2.1
Rx2.2.1
Rx3.2.1
Rx4.2.1
Rx polarization 2
RN30086EN40GLA1

3 AAS needed
2 cells 20W
(1Tx+2Rx)

Process


Cell 2
Cell 1
2way RX div
2way RX div
Inner cell
Outer cell
Active Element 1
(10W)
26
Active Element 2
(10W)
Active Element 3
(10W)
Active Element 4
(10W)
Tx1.1.1
5W
Tx2.1.1
5W
Tx3.1.1
5W
Tx4.1.1
5W
Tx polarization 1
Tx1.2.2
5W
Tx2.2.2
5W
Tx3.2.2
5W
Tx4.2.2
5W
Tx polarization 2
Rx1.1.1
Rx1.1.2
Rx2.1.1
Rx2.1.2
Rx3.1.1
Rx3.1.2
Rx4.1.1
Rx4.1.2
Rx polarization 1
Rx1.2.1
Rx1.2.2
Rx2.2.1
Rx2.2.2
Rx3.2.1
Rx3.2.2
Rx4.2.1
Rx4.2.2
Rx polarization 2
RN30086EN40GLA1

(1Tx+2Rx)

3 AAS needed

Process


Dual Cell
2way RX div
Dual Cell
2way RX div
Inner cell
Outer cell
Active Element 1
(10W)
27
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 3
Cell 3
Active Element 2
(10W)
Active Element 3
(10W)
Active Element 4
(10W)
Tx1.1.1 Tx1.1.2
5W
Tx2.1.1 Tx2.1.2 5W
Tx3.1.1 Tx3.1.2
5W
Tx4.1.1 Tx4.1.2
5W
Tx polarization 1
Tx1.2.3 Tx1.2.4
5W
Tx2.2.3 Tx2.2.4 5W
Tx3.2.3 Tx3.2.4
5W
Tx4.2.3 Tx4.2.4
5W
Tx polarization 2
Rx1.1.1 Rx1.1.2 Rx1.1.3 Rx1.1.4
Rx2.1.1 Rx2.1.2 Rx2.1.3 Rx2.1.4
Rx3.1.1 Rx3.1.2 Rx3.1.3 Rx3.1.4
Rx4.1.1 Rx4.1.2 Rx4.1.3 Rx4.1.4
Rx polarization 1
Rx1.2.1 Rx1.2.2 Rx1.2.3 Rx1.2.4
Rx2.2.1 Rx2.2.2 Rx2.2.3 Rx2.2.4
Rx3.2.1 Rx3.2.2 Rx3.2.3 Rx3.2.4
Rx4.2.1 Rx4.2.2 Rx4.2.3 Rx4.2.4
Rx polarization 2
RN30086EN40GLA1

(2Tx+2Rx)

3 AAS needed

Process


Dual Cell
MIMO
Dual Cell
MIMO
Inner cell
28
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 3
Cell 3
Outer cell
Active Element 1
(20W)
Active Element 2
(20W)
Active Element 3
(20W)
Active Element 4
(20W)
Tx1.1.1 Tx1.1.2 Tx1.1.3 Tx1.1.4
Tx2.1.1 Tx2.1.2 Tx2.1.3 Tx2.1.4
Tx3.1.1 Tx3.1.2 Tx3.1.3 Tx3.1.4
Tx4.1.1 Tx4.1.2 Tx4.1.3 Tx4.1.4
Tx polarization 1
Tx1.2.1 Tx1.2.2 Tx1.2.3 Tx1.2.4
Tx2.2.1 Tx2.2.2 Tx2.2.3 Tx2.2.4
Tx3.2.1 Tx3.2.2 Tx3.2.3 Tx3.2.4
Tx4.2.1 Tx4.2.2 Tx4.2.3 Tx4.2.4
Tx polarization 2
Rx1.1.1 Rx1.1.2 Rx1.1.3 Rx1.1.4
Rx2.1.1 Rx2.1.2 Rx2.1.3 Rx2.1.4
Rx3.1.1 Rx3.1.2 Rx3.1.3 Rx3.1.4
Rx4.1.1 Rx4.1.2 Rx4.1.3 Rx4.1.4
Rx polarization 1
Rx1.2.1 Rx1.2.2 Rx1.2.3 Rx1.2.4
Rx2.2.1 Rx2.2.2 Rx2.2.3 Rx2.2.4
Rx3.2.1 Rx3.2.2 Rx3.2.3 Rx3.2.4
Rx4.2.1 Rx4.2.2 Rx4.2.3 Rx4.2.4
Rx polarization 2
RN30086EN40GLA1
Deployment Aspects
Licenses Keys, Activation Processes and Example Confugurations
29
RN30086EN40GLA1
Deployment Aspects
Licenses Keys
Three Active Antenna System features are under BTS License Key control:
License Name: AAS Vertical Sectorization
License Name: AAS Tilting per Carrier
License Name: AAS RX/TX Tilting
License Type:
ON/OFF
License Type:
ON/OFF
License Type:
ON/OFF
License Code:
0000003719
License Code:
0000003720
License Code:
0000003721
Description:
It is possible to split one

frequency to two vertical
sectors. One license is
required per AAS.
Description:
It is possible to configure
tilt angle for each cell
separately, but it is not
possible to adjust angle at
TX/RX level. One license is
required per AAS.
Description:
It is possible to adjust tilt

angle at TX/RX level. One
license is required per AAS.
BTSOM and BTS Site Manager allows commissioning of the AAS regardless of AAS licenses presence
BTSOM enforces AAS licenses during the BTS runtime. If there is no valid license then an alarm is raised.
Note that standard licenses related to RFs are needed as well (for example Power licenses and Multicarrier license in case of more than one carrier on site;
Branch activation does not require additional license)
30
RN30086EN40GLA1
Deployment Aspects
Example configurations
This slide presents AAS License Key combinations with typical order to use them
No license keys
AAS Tilting per Carrier
AAS Vertical Sectorization

AAS RX/TX Tilting
AAS Vertical Sectorization

TX
RX
TX
f1
F1 or f2
RX
f1
TX
f1 or f2
RX
0-10 deg mechanical tilt

0 deg Electrical Tilt
One cell per frequency

+/-7 deg Electrical tilt (Rx Tilt is the
same as Tx Tilt). Tilting per carrier
replaces the RET needed with passive
antenna.
One cell per frequency

+/-7 deg Electrical tilt (Rx Tilt is the
same as Tx Tilt). Tilting per carrier
antenna.
Cell specific tilt values (in case more

than one cell configuration). This is
not possible with passive antenna
RET.
Two cells per frequency
31
RN30086EN40GLA1

+/-7 deg Electrical tilt (Rx Tilt and Tx
Tilt can be different). Tilting per carrier
antenna.
Cell specific tilt values (in case more

than one cell configuration). This is
not possible with passive antenna
RET
Two cells per frequency
Benefits and Gains

System-level simulations both in static and dynamic simulators
32
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains

System-level simulations
Simulation assumptions
Simulations performed in static and dynamic (NSN product aligned)

system-level simulators
Environment: Live network scenario investigated area is the part of

the city that has more than one million citizens
Project area: North South 4870m; West East 5250m

Network: 55 sites,160 cells (320 cells in scenarios where Vertical
Sectorization has been applied)
Results gathered from 10 central sites (indicated in black)
Propagation models: Dominant Path Model and 2D Propagation

Model
33
Traffic Model: Full Buffer; FTP (dynamic simulator)

Link Level Curve: 256 11500 kbps
Simulated services: HSDPA and HSUPA (dynamic simulator)
Electrical tilt range <-5;+5>
Fixed vertical sector beamwidth (7 degrees)
User distribution: In static simulator users were distributed
according to some user distribution CDF. In dynamic simulator fixed
number of users were generated in each sector. During the simulation
time period users walk along the project area via randomly selected
routes.
RN30086EN40GLA1
Site within mask
Interferer site
Benefits and Gains

Simulation Methodology
On all sites, passive antennas have been replaced with AAS
Electrical and Mechanical Tilt optimization process has been
performed in 3x1 network layout
The performance of the 3x1 network has been recorded

On each site, an inner cell has been introduced
f1
The performance of the 3x2 network has been recorded
f1
f1
The AAS capacity gain has been calculated according to the

following formula:
AAS _ Gain =
3x2 _ Performance - 3x1 _ Performance

*100%
3x1 _ Performance
The reference point for tilt offsets in 3x2 scenarios is an optimized tilt in 3x1 scenario.
Scenarios
Network Layout
Tilt offset
[inner/outer]
Total TX
Power
(inner/outer)
CPICH Power
[inner/outer]
Control and Common

Channels
3x1 AAS Antennas
43 dBm
33 dBm
33 dBm
+10 +0
40 dBm / 43 dBm
30dBm / Optimized (30-35 dBm)
+8 +0
40 dBm / 43 dBm
+6 +0
40 dBm / 43 dBm
+2 -2
40 dBm / 43 dBm
3x2 based on AAS Antennas (Pilot Power Optimized)
34
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains

HSDPA System-level simulations
HSDPA Results:
The best performance (AAS Gain) is observed for +10 +0 tilt offsets
From sector and site point of view vertical sectorization brings clear benefit
Simulator
Network Layout
2D Pathloss
3x1 AAS Antennas

3x2 AAS Antennas +10 +0
Static

3x2 AAS Antennas +2 -2

3x1 AAS Antennas

Dynamic

Mean Cell
TP [kbps]
Gain
2062
1805
1778
1775
1609
3254
2566
2479
2257
2099
75%
72%
72%
56%
58%
52%
39%
29%
DPM=Dominant Path Model

35
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains

AAS Vertical Sectorization solution brings benefits in current and future network load (static simulator analysis)
Without Vertical
Sectorization
Now
(650 UEs per mask)
Future
(1100 UEs per mask)
With Vertical
Sectorization
Sector
TP
[kbps]
UE TP
[kbps]
Sector
TP
[kbps]
UE TP
[kbps]
2487
128,6
4038
206,3
2481
73,3
4204
AAS VS improves Mean UE

throughput when constant number
of UEs is considered
AAS VS allows to keep Mean UE

throughput at the same level in the
future (with higher number of UEs)
123,0
36
Cell Throughput
1200.00
With AAS Vertical Sectorization
Without AAS Vertical Sectorization
1000.00
800.00
600.00
400.00
200.00
.00
80
160
480
640
800
# of UEs
RN30086EN40GLA1
1120
1600
3199
Mean UE Throughput [kbps]
Mean UE Throughput [kbps]
UE Throughput
6000
With AAS Vertical Sectorization

Without AAS Vertical Sectorization
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
80
160
480
640
800
# of UEs
1120
1600
3199
Benefits and Gains

HSUPA System-level simulations
HSUPA Results:
DPM Pathloss
2D Pathloss
Simulator
37
Dynamic
Dynamic
Very good gain (up to 135%) in mean value of site throughput is observed
With AAS VS users are served by 2 cells in one sector it gives additional space for sum of received signal on BTS
Average UE throughput is significantly increased (even twice) after AAS Vertical Sectorization deployment
Even if one user is served by inner cell then other users have room (in terms of free noise rise level) for increasing UL Tx Power
Mean Cell
TP [kbps]
Gain
3x1 AAS Antennas
673.0
742.0
121%
757.0
125%
745.0
121%
722.0
115%
3x1 AAS Antennas
699.0
792.0
127%
809.0
131%
823.0
135%
822.0
135%
Network Layout
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains

Drive test results
38
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains

HSUPA System-level simulations
HSUPA Results:
DPM Pathloss
2D Pathloss
Simulator
39
Dynamic
Dynamic
Very good gain (up to 135%) in mean value of site throughput is observed
With AAS VS users are served by 2 cells in one sector it gives additional space for sum of received signal on BTS
Average UE throughput is significantly increased (even twice) after AAS Vertical Sectorization deployment
Even if one user is served by inner cell then other users have room (in terms of free noise rise level) for increasing UL Tx Power
Mean Cell
TP [kbps]
Gain
3x1 AAS Antennas
673.0
742.0
121%
757.0
125%
745.0
121%
722.0
115%
3x1 AAS Antennas
699.0
792.0
127%
809.0
131%
823.0
135%
822.0
135%
Network Layout
RN30086EN40GLA1
Trial case: Improvement of office campus coverage and

capacity
Challenge: high traffic from campus, lack of
capacity at cell edge area
Target: Create high capacity with new AAS cell
and improved coverage at campus area
Case: Two cell
= vertical sectorization
1.8 km
Case: One cell
Route ~7 km to 12 km
40
RN30086EN40GLA1
Site introduction
Mechanical
down tilt = 4
AAS site:
1*FSME
1*power
Seamless integration on existing

Flexi BTS site. Fully outdoor
Active antenna
Two sectors
vertical sectorization
Electrical tilting
8*10W
MIMO
6-sector site
41
RN30086EN40GLA1
Effortless and fast implementation,

without separate radios and
antenna line items
Tilt and coverage area example

4 mechanical
down tilt (-4)
Cell 1 (outer) = 3 down tilt (-3)

AAS
Cell 2 (inner) = 8.5 down tilt (-8.5)
Cell 2
800 meters
Case example (-3/-8.5):

Cell 1: tilt -3
Cell 2: tilt -8.5
Inner and outer cell
tilt angle separation
Cell 1
5.5
Cell 2
Cell 1
Bringing doubled resources in old sector

area with using cell specific tilting
42
RN30086EN40GLA1
AAS tilt control is one key development items:

NetAct Manual control
Optimizer/SON semi or full automated
Dominance Driver for good performance, powered by

electrical tilting and SON
Case 4:
Cell 1: tilt -3
Cell 2: tilt -8.5
Case 1:
Cell 1: tilt -2
Cell 2: tilt -7
Trial experienced different setting to create

good serving cell dominance area.
AAS provides accurate and efficient dominance
control with integrated electrical tilting
43
RN30086EN40GLA1
Cell 1
Cell 1
5.5
Cell 2
Cell 2
RSCP = -86.44 dBm
RSCP = -83.48 dBm
HSDPA thr. = 2.28 Mbps
HSDPA thr. = 3.43 Mbps
Cell 2
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 1
Dominance and cell separation Important aspect to create

clear dominances but also overlap has high benefits in WCDMA
Overlap area with

less than 3 dB
separation
44
RN30086EN40GLA1
Good dominance with good inner and outer cell signal strength
Average throughput (Mbps)
leads to high Throughput
per scrambling code
(510 inner, 511 outer)
4 Mbps
Case 1 (-2/-7) = 2.28 Mbps
Case 2 (-2/-9) = 2.52 Mbps
Case 3 (-1.5/-8.5) = 2.61 Mbps
Case 4 (-3/-8.5) = 3.43 Mbps
Case 4
Case 2
Case 1
Case 1
45
RN30086EN40GLA1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
Case 3
Coverage gain AAS brings clear coverage increase in uplink

and downlink
Case 1: Vertical
sectorization (-3/-8.5)
Case 2: Single sector

(-3/not used)
Cell 1
Cell 1
5.5
n/a
Cell 2
n/a
Case 1: RSCP= -83.5 dBm

Case 2: RSCP= -87.5 dBm
HSDPA measurements result:

4 dB higher RSCP level for vertical sectorization
Case 1: UE TX power = -0.35 dBm
Case 2: UE TX power = 12.04 dBm
46
RN30086EN40GLA1
HSDPA measurements result:

~6-9 dB better UE TX power for Vertical sectorization*
Coverage gain AAS brings clear coverage increase in uplink

and downlink, cont.
In this measurement case there is no RX diversity used, also in single sector
47
case uplink doesnt have softer HO (thus -3dB from gain)

Additional gains for vertical sectorization are related on two main beams
instead of one (e.g. tolerance against shadowing)
Tilting and overlap has high impact on TX power
3dB can be taken off from vertical sectorization as single cell does not have
softer HO
Note: RX diversity is turned off for this test, but then we could also see
benefit from AAS so called semi-4way RX diversity
RN30086EN40GLA1
Capacity gain Loading of inner cell releafs capacity for outer

cell users.
Full sector users experience
Mobile user experience

Cell 1: tilt -2
Cell 2: tilt -8.5
Cell 1
6.5
Cell 2
Average drive test DL throughput (Mbps):

Vertical Sectorization = 1.32 Mbps
Single cell
= 1.09 Mbps
Vertical gain for DT user = ~21%
Drive test user experiencing in

average +20% higher throughput
48
RN30086EN40GLA1
Average DL sector throughput (Mbps):

- Vertical sectorization = 3.77 Mbps
- Single cell
= 2.23 Mbps
Vertical gain for full sector = ~70%
Full sector throughput

increased by +70%
Doubled resources Driving ultimate end-user experience also

at the cell edge.
Focus of Active Antenna is to double resources
Drive test user throughput
for users in thepeaks
existing
sector.
Creation of new
even
+200%
cell to serve campus and at the same time
enabling dedicated resources for cell edge users.
Case AAS, in the inner cell area, resources are
shared with three users but when car is located
at outer cell then sharing is between two users.
Case single cell three user sharing takes place
for whole area
Dual Cell
(vertical sectorization)
Single Cell
Lack of capacity in
Single cell case
Dedicated resouces at
cell edge with AAS
Average drive test user +30% higher

throughput for whole drive route
Outer cell bringing new resources to cell edge
49
RN30086EN40GLA1
Throughput >2.5 Mbps

Backup
50
RN30086EN40GLA1
Introduction
Table of Contents
Main Menu
General Release Information
Release Information for:
Release Information for:

RAN2383 AAS Active Antenna System 2100act/1800pas, FAGF
RAN2597 AAS Active Antenna System 2100act/800-900pas, FAGP

WCDMA Release
WCDMA Release
I-HSPA System
I-HSPA Rel.5
RU40
I-HSPA System
I-HSPA Rel.5
RNC Release
support not required
RNC Release
mcRNC Release
mcRNC Release
BTS (Flexi)
BTS HW
(one of the following HW
elements is required)
NetAct
BSW/ASW
License control
51
RU40
WBTS 8.0
RAN2382 Flexi System Module FSMC
RAN1016 Flexi System Module FSMD
RAN1848 Flexi System Module FSME
RAN2262 Flexi Multiradio System Modules (FSMF)

BSW
-
RN30086EN40GLA1
BTS (Flexi)
BTS HW
(one of the following HW
elements is required)
WBTS 8.0
NetAct
BSW/ASW
License Control
OSS5.4
ASW
BTS License Key
Introduction
Table of Contents
Main Menu
With and Without RAN2384 AAS Vertical Sectorization and RAN2569 AAS Tilting per Carrier
RAN2384
RAN2569
RAN2384
RAN2569
Not activated
Not activated
Activated
Activated
Without these features, it is not possible to create two separate

cells arranged vertically and using the same frequency
The operator cannot get capacity gain coming from vertical

sectorization
All users located at antenna azimuth are served by one cell

Cell resources are shared among all users
Only one cell on particular frequency can be created at antenna azimuth
f1
52
RN30086EN40GLA1
With these features, it is possible to form two separate beams from

one active antenna (one frequency is divided into two vertically
arranged cells)
Resources available for the users are doubled

Users located at antenna azimuth are served by inner or outer cell.
Cell resources are shared among lower number of users
Capacity gain up to 65% in DL and up to 135% in UL

Two cell on one frequency created by the Flexi Multiradio Antenna System
f1
f1 or f2
Introduction
Table of Contents
Main Menu
With and without RAN2579 AAS RX/TX Tilting
RAN2579
Not activated
Without this feature, it is not possible to set separate tilts for uplink and downlink
transmission
TX
The Active Antenna System sets exactly the same electrical tilt value for RX and
TX directions
Coverage and capacity optimization possibilities are limited

RX
RAN2579
Activated
With RAN2579, it is possible to adjust the tilts separately for

uplink and downlink directions
Separate RX/TX Tilting deployed

together with Vertical Sectorization
and Tilting per Carrier
TX
Simulations show that optimal tilts (giving the best network

capacity gains) are distinct for uplink and downlink directions

Wide range of optimization possibilities
Togehter with Vertical Sectorization and Tilting per Carrier,
Separate RX/TX Tilting brings ultimate solution to WCDMA
networks based on AAS
53
RN30086EN40GLA1
TX
RX
TX
RX
RX
HW details
54
RN30086EN40GLA1
Technical details
Table of Contents
HW Architecture Common Module
Main Menu
Active Antenna (AA)

Active Element (AE)
Common
(CM)
Power
AA Power
Supply
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
RP3-01
RP3-01
External IF
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Antenna (A)
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
Comon sub-module is an integrated part of Active Antenna and its purpose

is to interconnect Active Elements to BTS (System Module) or to another
Active Antenna/RRH in the same RP3-01 chain.
Common sub-module also manages and handles those functions that are
common to other blocks inside Active Antenna:
O&M of whole Active Antenna

SW storing and downloading to CM
and also to AEs
AA
calibration
AA control
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
Power supply and distribution to AEs

Clock and timing generation and
distribution to AEs
Calibration execution and control

Power measurements of radiation
pattern (beams)
External interfaces (optical RP3-01,

External Alarm & Control IF)
Four internal electrical RP3-01
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
55
TX
PA
RX
LNA
interfaces towards active elements.

Duplex
Filter
In-built fans controlling

TX
PA
RX
LNA
RN30086EN40GLA1
Duplex
Filter
Technical details
Table of Contents
HW Architecture Active Elements
Active Antenna (AA)

Active Element (AE)
Common
(CM)
Power
AA Power
Supply
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
RP3-01
RP3-01
External IF
AA
calibration
AA control
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Antenna (A)
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
56
recovery)
RP3-01 processing
Synchronization
Multiplexing
Demultiplexing
Forwarding
Air interface timing, phase & amplitude control
RF-BB (Radio Front End BaseBand) processing
(filtering, up- & down conversions, linearization,
power measurements, gain control)
Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog

conversions
RF processing (Tx chain, Power amplification,

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex filtering, Low noise amplification, Rx

chain)
RF interfaces for two cross polarized antennas

Each Power Amplifier (PA) is 10W
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
Active Element (AE) sub-module (4 pcs)

Active Element control (including supervision &
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
RN30086EN40GLA1
Duplex
Filter
Main Menu
Technical details
Table of Contents
HW Architecture Antenna
Active Antenna (AA)

Active Element (AE)
Common
(CM)
Power
AA Power
Supply
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
RP3-01
RP3-01
External IF
AA
calibration
AA control
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Antenna (A)
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
PA
RX
LNA
Antenna (A) sub-module:

Forms an interface between an AE radio transmission lines and freespace
It provides:
High efficient, cross- polarized, antenna radiator structure with
a desired horizontal and vertical pattern beam width
Feed-back signal for Active Antenna calibration function

Cross-polarized RF inputs for 1800MHz band passive antenna
array
Calibration
Active Element (AE)

TX
Main Menu
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter
+/-45polarization
Active Element (AE)
RF BB &
Active
Element
Control
57
TX
PA
RX
LNA
Duplex
Filter

TX
PA
RX
LNA
RN30086EN40GLA1
Duplex
Filter
Interdependencies
Interdependencies with Other Features or Functions
58
RN30086EN40GLA1
Interdependencies
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Feature Interdependancies
In order to enable RAN2384 AAS Vertical Sectorization and/or RAN2569 AAS Tilting per Carrier and/or RAN2579 AAS RX/TX Tilting it is necessary to have
one of the following HW items:
RAN2383 AAS Active Antenna System 2100act/1800pas FAGF

RAN2597 AAS Active Antenna System 2100a/800-900p FAGP
There are no interdependancies between the following features (they can work either all together or separately) :
RAN2384 Vertical Sectorization
RAN 2383
or
AAS Active Antenna

System 2100act/1800pas
FAGF
RAN 2597
AAS Active Antenna
System 2100a/800-900p
FAGP
and/or
RAN2384
AAS Vertical
Sectorization
59
RN30086EN40GLA1
RAN2569
RAN 2579
AAS RX/TX Tilting
Interdependencies
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Feature Interdependancies
RAN2383 AAS Active Antenna System 2100act/1800pas FAGF and RAN2597 AAS Active Antenna System 2100a/800-900p FAGP requires Flexi System
Module Release 2 or 3:

RAN 2383
RAN 2597
AAS Active Antenna

System 2100act/1800pas
FAGF
AAS Active Antenna

System 2100a/800-900p
FAGP
or
60
RAN1016
RAN1848
RAN2262
RAN2382
Flexi System
Module FSMD
Flexi System
Module FSME
Flexi Multiradio System

Modules (FSMF)
Flexi System
Module FSMC
RN30086EN40GLA1
Deployment Aspects
Table of Contents
Feature Activation
AAS related features can be activated via BTS

Site Manager during
Commissioning/Recommissioning process.
On page Active Antenna System (AAS)

Settings, RAN2384 AAS Vertical Sectorization,
RAN2569 AAS Tilting per Carrier and RAN2579
AAS RX/TX Tilting can be activated via ticking
the appropriate checkbox
Cell specific settings like TX tilt angle, RX tilt

angle and beamwidth can be configured using
table AAS settings.
BTS Site Manager informs about the required

licenses with the given configuration
Depending on the license's that is missing or

invalid, the BTSOM:
Enforces tilt angle to default (0 degrees)

tilting angle*
Enforces RX tilt to same value as TX tilt*

* details can be found in the next slide
61
RN30086EN40GLA1
Simulation backup
62
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Clutter type map
User density CDF (static simulator)
Ground height map

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
63
RN30086EN40GLA1
20
40
60
# of users per 100 square meters
80
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Red points receive the signal in two ways:

Simple geometry (building height is not taken into account)
Prediction model with 3D property (signal received via
DPM predictions
diffracted ray)
The higher masking angle difference impact could appear in some

locations close to a transmitter.
The masking angle difference for receiver point close to the

transmitter is applicable to both outer (interferer) and inner (serving)
antennas. Thus, pathloss difference of inner and outer cells seems
to compensate each other for close locations.
64
RN30086EN40GLA1
Simple geometrical approach
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Sector-based AAS Gain (10 site mask) Dominant Path Model (static simulator)
6000
3x2 +10 +0 PilotOPT in reference to 3x1 AAS Antennas
Sector Throughput [kbps]
5000
93%
120%
111%
90%
110%
100%
91%
90%
83%
82%
79%
4000
74%
74%
73%
74%
70%
68%
65%
76% 80%
71% 73%
67%
58% 61%
3000
44%
60%
47%
2000
34% 32%
40%
25%
20%
1000
16%
13%
20%
13%
0%
Horizontal sectors
DPM 3x1
DPM 3x2
DPM Gain
65
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Sector-based AAS Gain (10 site mask) 2D Model

6000
140%
3x2 +10 +0 PilotOPT in reference to 3x1 AAS Antennas

122%
106%
Sector Throughput [kbps]
104%
99%
95%
93%
4000
111%
105%
111%
5000
84%
97% 99%
94%
100%
86%
84%
79%
78%
72%
3000
72%
80%
72%
66%
64%
60%
60%
60%
48%
2000
36%
32%
35%
26%
39%
40%
23%
1000
20%
0%
Horizontal sectors
3x1 2D
3x2 2D
2D Gain
66
120%
RN30086EN40GLA1
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
User distribution in 3x2 case (static simulator)

70.00
3x2 +10 +0 PilotOPT (DPM)
60.00
57.201
Outer Cell
Inner Cell
# of served users
50.00
42.923
40.00
28.00
26.494
30.00
23.224
23.221
20.00
16.600
19.455
18.058
17.35717.731
20.488
16.278
13.341
12.26811.51911.751
16.625
10.680
10.00
4.409
1.285
4.053
.886
4.652
2.460
1.870
3.585
3.434
2.951 3.127
1.408
1.237
1.131
.7641.485
.622 .520 .928
16.326
9.89310.286
Sectors
RN30086EN40GLA1
16.304
10.032
11.849
13.336
7.975
5.072
4.862
4.590 4.283
3.732
3.208
3.074
3.041
2.748 2.754
2.460
1.390
1.180 1.816
.963
.00
67
21.570
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
3x2 DPM +10 +0 PilotOPT

Pathloss delta map of inner and outer cells (azimuth 280)
Red, orange and yellow

means inner cell dominance
area
Blue, dark blue and purple

means outer cell dominance
area
280
Inner and Outer cell

dominance area
investigation.
outer cell dominance
68
RN30086EN40GLA1
cells frontier
inner cell dominance
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu


area

area
280
280
The bigger beam

separation angle is,
the greater inner cell
dominance area is.
69
RN30086EN40GLA1
cells frontier
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu


area

area
280
280
The bigger beam

separation angle is,
the greater inner cell
dominance area is.
70
RN30086EN40GLA1
cells frontier
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
3x2 DPM +2 -2 PilotOPT


area

area
280
280
280
Beam separation is
a trade-off between
the cells dominance
clarity (lower
interference) and
size of the inner cell
71
RN30086EN40GLA1
cells frontier
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
2D Pathloss
Static
Dynamic
DPM Pathloss
Static
Dynamic
Mean Cell
TP [kbps]
Gain
3x1 AAS Antennas
2062
1805
75%
1778
72%
1775
72%
1609
56%
3x1 AAS Antennas
3254
2566
58%
2479
52%
2257
39%
2099
29%
3x1 AAS Antennas
2487
2019
62%
2027
63%
1975
58%
1857
49%
3x1 AAS Antennas
3799
2790
47%
2743
44%
Network Layout
2595
37%
2340
23%
HSDPA Results:
The best performance (AAS Gain) is observed for +10 +0 tilt offsets
From sector and site point of view vertical sectorization brings clear benefit
HSDPA CIR curve has better geometry in 3x1 scenario than 3x2 scenarios - higher intercell interferences while vertical sectorization is deployed
In all investigated AAS configurations CIR HSDPA level is lower than in reference case.
HSDPA CIR (DPM;Static)

1
DPM 3x1 AAS Antennas
DPM 3x2 +10 +0 PilotOPT
DPM 3x2 +2 -2 PilotOPT
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
CDF
Simulator
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
DPM=Dominant Path Model

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HSDPA CIR [dB]
10
12
Benefits and Gains
Table of Contents
Main Menu
System-level simulations Summary
3x2 tilt offsets +6 +0
3x2 tilt offsets +10 +0
3x1 scenario
3x2 scenario
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
HSUPA
HSDPA
Considering DL direction, the strongest source of inter-cell

interference for an inner cell is an outer cell (and vice versa)
The higher tilt offset between the inner and outer cell, the better
beam separation is (in terms of pathloss). Lower level of signal is
visible as interference in outer cell (and vice versa)
This is a reason why +10+0 tilt offsets combination gives better

results in downlink than +6+0
In simulations, a fixed vertical beamwidth has been used due to

availability limitations flexible vertical beamwidth gives an
opportunity to control the size of inner/outer cell dominance area
Considering UL direction, cells do not interfere each other

Users who are served by one cell in reference scenario, in 3x2
scenario are served by both inner and outer cells
That means more resources are available (in terms of noise rise) to
be used. Users can transmit with higher bitrates
More users are served by the inner cell if smaller inner/outer beam
separation is applied.
The capacity gain in uplink is higher when users are distributed

more equaly between the outer and inner cells
In simulations, a fixed vertical beamwidth has been used due to

availability limitations flexible vertical beamwidth gives an
opportunity to control the size of inner/outer cell dominance area
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References, Abbreviations and Q&A
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References and Abbreviations
Table of Contents
Active Antenna System NEI References
75
AAS System Feature Specification

FAGF Flexi Multiradio Antenna 2100/1800 HW Architecture Specification
NetEng AAS Vertical Sectorization Capacity Study
PDDB WBTS.WN8.0 1.0-1.0 parameter report
NSN Active Antenna System Executive Summary
Focal Point AAS Feature extract
NSN Flexi Multiradio Antenna System Customer Presentation
NSN Flexi Multiradio Antenna System Datasheet
RN30086EN40GLA1
Main Menu
References and Abbreviations
Table of Contents
Main Menu
Active Antenna System NEI Abbreviations
2D
Two Dimension
f1
Frequency #1
3D
Three Dimension
f2
Frequency #2
AA
Active Antenna
Global System for Mobile Communications
AAS
HSDPA
High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
BTS
Base Transceiver Station
HSUPA
High-Speed Uplink Packet Access
Base Transceiver Station Operation and Maintenance
IAS
CDF
Cumulative Distribution Function
LNA
Low Noise Amplifier
CIR
Carrier-to-Interference ratio
MBB
Mobile Broadband
CM
Common Module
MIMO
Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs
deg
Degree
MOC
Managed Object Class
div
Diversity
NEI
Network Engineering Info
DL
Downlink
NSN
Nokia Siemens Networks
Dominant Path Model
O&M
Operation and Maintenance
BTSOM
DPM
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GSM
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Q&A
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Main Menu
What is the power of the power amplifier in Active antenna?

Single power amplifier is 10W. There are eight power amplifiers inside Active Antenna (two for each Active Element).
What is the total weight of the passive and active part of the AAS?
For FAGF HW module, the total weight is less than 36 kilograms. Detailed data related to different HW modules can be found in the HW specification documents.
It is unclear how we can separate UL noise of outer cell from UL noise of inner cell.
Splitting one horizontal sector into to two vertically arranged cells gives more resources in terms of noise rise.
Can we switch between active & passive mode (eg change GSM to active & WCDMA to passive)? Will this be also supporting LTE.
Specific Active Antenna HW module is designed to work in a specific frequency configuration. WCDMA can operate on 2100 MHz (in case of FAGF and FAGP). Passive part can be used for
whatever operator wants: WCDMA/GSM/LTE. For active frequency band in LTE there are dedicated HW modules.
Isn't it true that beam forming is possible with one PA by placing phase-shifters between PA and antenna element?
The beamforming mechanism controls the phase and amplitude of the signal to create a pattern of constructive and destructive interference in the wavefront. In case of Active Antenna System
in RU40, there is no user specific beamforming only fixed beamforming is supported. That means the electrical tilts of each carriers and transmission direction (UL, DL) can be adjusted.
Additionally, it is possible to shape the beam make it wider or narrower in vertical plane (via setting Vertical Beam Width parameter).
The tilt parameters belong to WBTS configuration data - do we need to reboot WBTS when we change tilt values?
WBTS restart is not required after changing the tilt settings.
How to verify whether ASW features are properly activated? How to deactivate them?
There is no simple way to check whether ASW features work properly. The best way to check is to perform measurements in anechoic chamber. It may happen that the BTS site manager will set
the parameter values of ASW features but the Common Module inside the Active Antenna will not execute e.g. tilt setting because the license is missing.
Are the amplifiers in the dual band antenna?
Power amplifiers inside active antenna work only for active part of the antenna. To operate on passive part, additional RF module is required.
Regarding passive part: What TILT options do we have? (Electrical and Mechanical)?
Mechanical tilt is common for active and passive part of Active Antenna HW module. On passive part of the AAS there are 8P connectors to connect RET control for passive band.
Regarding active part: Do we have option of UPTILT? (in the case we apply MECHANICAL tilt on the PASSIVE), but don't want TILT on active?
Yes it is possible. Electrical tilt range for active part is: <-7;+7> degrees.
RP3-01 link, is it 6 Gbps or 3 Gbps?
Link speed signal for RP3-01 interface is: Low-state 3072 Mbps and high-state 6144 Mbps
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Q&A
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Main Menu
If you can have only 3 sector of 65 with Inner and Outer, is it possible to use 4 carriers for an operator which have 20MHz band in 3G with One active antenna, "coupling " as it is done in
passive or is it necessary to have 2 antennas?
It is possible to use up to 8 WCDMA carriers with one AAS (40MHz bandwidth).
Question on the Operating bands can we have AAS on UMTS 900?
Currently, only two HW modules are going to be available in RU40 both of them operates on 2100 MHz active frequency band. There are plans to introduce HW modules with different active
frequency bands but no strong statements at the moment.
In this example (slide 42) can we have both TX on same polarization?
Yes, such an allocation is possible as well. This was just an example.
Typo on slide 45 second bullet point max power of AE is 10W not 20W.
There is no typo in this slide. Each Active Element is equipped with two power amplifiers. Each power amplifier is 10W.
Can we have also 4 way RX configuration with a single cell with AAS?
This configuration (4-way RX div) is not supported at the moment.
In slide 46 we have same polarization numbers with different polarizations!
Yes, you are right. My mistake slide is already corrected. Thank you!
Are all these 3 features are independent (Vertical sectorization, Tilting per carrier , RX/TX tilting?
There are no interdependencies between these features (they can work either all together or separately).
Did you compare 3x1 AAS to 3x1 Passive?
This comparison is done in the following document: https://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Overview/D462638923
Do you intent to do simulation with equal power for inner and outer?
This scenario has been simulated and results are available in the following document: https://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Overview/D462638923
In case +10 0 if we increase the beam width for the Inner, is it not going to increase the interferences in the outer cell ?
Most probably yes, but my feeling is that even with higher interference level, high capacity gains will be available. Increasing inner cell size will introduce high capacity gains even with low
network load.
Have you simulate the SHO performances Inner/Outer cells ? How do you think would be the strategy to define the neighbors in the Inner Cell? Should we just define neighbors
relationships to the outer cell and to the cells within the same site (the other sectors)?
Answer under verification
Do we have a comparison between 6 sectors vs. AAS vertical sectorization?
Yes we have, results can be found here: https://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Overview/D431631677
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Selected site solutions: Active Antenna Systems

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Nokia Solutions and Networks Academy

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

NEI Complex Introduction

RAN 2597 AAS Active Antenna System 2100a/800-900p FAGP

RAN2383 AAS Active Antenna System 2100/1800 FAGF

Active Antenna is a stand-alone

It includes full radio functionality

Active antenna provides also

Power Amplifier (PA) for each

Independent TX/RX tilting

Intelligent beam-forming for

Independent carrier tilting

Jumper cable losses eliminated

RAN2579 AAS RX/TX Tilting

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

RAN2569 AAS Tilting per Carrier

forecasts and the traffic evolution process

Natural evolution step towards simplified sites (less

Ability to provide innovative features like separate RX/TX

Optimize coverage, capacity, site space and costs

WCDMA network capacity enhancements due to traffic

gain in UL (upper bound achievable in case of high network load)

In-built redundancy multiple active elements inside active antenna

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Dedicated HW per Technology

Modular site Single

System Module Sharing

Software Defined Radio

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Passive Antenna + RRH

Integrated Antenna System

Standard passive antenna

Integrated Antenna System

Single Power Amplifier (PA) -

Single Power Amplifier (PA) -

RRH integrated to the back of

No capacity gains, no beam-

No capacity gains, no beam-

Feeder and jumper losses

Has the same functionality as

Jumper cable losses eliminated

Active Antenna System

Active Antenna is a stand-alone

fully operational multitransceiver-antenna module.

It includes full radio functionality

(transmitter, receiver, antenna

Active antenna provides also

From IAS perspective, AAS

separate RRH visible

Power Amplifier (PA) for each

Intelligent beam-forming for

Jumper cable losses eliminated

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Active Antenna (AA)

AA calibration & RF Loop

Active Element (AE)

Active Antenna architecture consists of following sub-modules:

AA calibration & RF Loop