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129

22.7 Tables and Diagrams for the Calculation ofSpur and Helical Gears
Tibk 22/11. Guidanci for Bd IkgVmm21 for spur and hciical gears with

2W

C,=

- --

Bd= B.

for S,2 1:
for S.

B m I = B o to 3x0
with substitution of Se= 1

< 1:

iC0858O~Ssa(i 11
S, fmm Tablc 22/13

C, from Tablt 22/18

k, from Tablc 12/26

0,35kD i

B. =

Tible 22/12 Guidance on lubrication and gcar quality, t w t h crroct /. and f,


periphcral velocity
i, lmlrecl

... 0,8

...12

Splash lubricaiion

1 2 - . . 60

Spray lubncation

nc/i,,:t'

DIN 3962
12

4.

11

16.
10

coarsely cur aur

I0

63

33
2.6

finish machiwd
coaise ground

2.0

2.8

1,G

finc finirhed

2
1,4

1.3
1.0

1
0,7'

o,64

cast

Grease or splash
lubrication

Suifacc rough-

Factors

Quality

Grcase application

... 4

0.8

1 1;.vl

""

Lubication

shaved
fine ground

,naster gear

0,8

...9

fj

3 ... 5
2 ...3
1.5

...2

T h c swfacc roughnerr is not s&cd


in DIN 3962 cvcn though it has a g m t c f f m o n thc surfacc load capacity (sec thc
fwtnotc refcmd 10 at the cnd of itcm (a) "piaing" in s d o n 21.5.2). For the combinaon of t w t h surfacxs 1 and 2 R, = 0.5

(Ra + 4 3 .

6)

Noie: Base pitch error from DIN 3961:L , ~ g (3


, + 0.3 m + 0.2
[P];tootll-dircctional error a s per the suggeslion of
FZG:/, 5 g,b<b
[P]; b = facc width Imml. Effcctive twthdireciional error (afler good running-in):&= 0.75/, + g, u C,
wirh g, = 0 Tor saddlc mounted spur and helical gears. = 0.3 for orcrhangins spur and hclical gears. = 1.2 fO>=
h a n g m g e z r s without crou,ning of the 100th s u m i i i t h cro~vning.= 0.3 with cro\i>ning and straddlc mountins
--..
af tlie hevel Fnion.
Table 22/13. Guidancx on thc ncccsrms safcty factor
Factor ofuiay rgaiaa

kg

liic gcaringl Finite lifc gcaMg


t
-

22/14. Guidancc on f d 4 o s d Lirc L,


Finite Iifc ~eating

.........

Ir'

l O . . - 80
40 . - . 2 0 0
320 ... W

......
........
P-ga
vdiclcr

....
. . . . . . .

~-

100 . . . W

Machinc t w l s
Lfling equipmenf:
Hand winchcs, ctcctric hoistr
Piece goods winchs
Grab winchcs

Automobiles:.
Firsl und revcrsc gHighs gcars

L, lhourri

G d

Traslorr

vchiclcs

/ I 1
10 ... 40 40 -..ZOO

200.-.

I
-

130

22 Spur and Hcltcal Gears. Desisn and Calculal~on


Tibk 22/15. Module saia

,
,= 25,4/Di = 25,4 Ci/*; t,

= 25,4 n/D9 = 25.4 Ci; ( x = 3,141593; 1"= 25.4 mm, DIN 4890).

;.

Tablc ZU16. Minimum number of teeth


in thc normal scctian
For 209 nandard teeth: z,. + z,>_ 24
r,> 12 for vcry iow vclocity; z,S 14 for medium vclociiy; 1-2 18 for large velocity
For ZU0 feerh (at mdium vclocity)

z.limasdb~tn&-mim

Tibk 21/17. W u m valun' ofq,4, iMi 5,-

W b v P a n t d W

(= thichas of thc u n m portion of thc gear rim)

m, 2 6/10 Ckrncazt tcah


m,, 16/15 cut t~~th.
gcaring wppn-taj m rted Ftrmriirrr ar ovahao*
pinim
..' m, 2 6/25 aocuratdy cui, wen suppaiud g a
m , ~ b O aauratclynhamiratd~pdd~ngadarpport
pPiUd aad rigid support
cui,b / 4 , C 1,
m, 2 6/50
b/db 1 5 0,7
b/dbl 5 1.2 rixid.Ildmc mmdimsdrit=-w
igatz2m.
$Fordouble-helical gears. b is thc l a a width for one hdu.

22.7 Tables and Diagrams for thc Calculalion 01Spur snd Helical Gears

Tabk Z t / l % Guidana for ihc sdection of thc shock factor C, '


DnvUig machinc
Dxiven rnnchins

mm

Turbiic. multicylLidsr cngUis

Single cylindm

Generators, fecdinp mechanisms, belt conveyors, light


hoista. turbo-blowers and compressors. apitators and
mixers Tor uniform denrity

1-1

125

1,5

Muin drivcs of machine twls. heavy hoisis, cranc rotary


drivcs. mine ventilaiorr. agitatars and rnixers Tor nonuniform densit?. multicylindcr pirton pumps. distribution
Pumps

1.25

1,5

1,75

Prcsses, slicars, doush mills, rolling rnills and steel works


machinery, power showcls. h e a y centrifuges, hear? distribution pumps

1.76

10

2,25

T,= M,JM,, whcre M


,
.
,
is the rep~e?didlyappticd maximm cxlcrnal torquc and &I, is this nominal torquc of the
cdculation. U thc starting torquc M, is thc dcciding torque, M-,, = M, is 10 bc ceiculatcd as in wction 20.4.8.

nFig. 22/37. Dynamic load factor C, aod y


,

f [@I IargM of thc wth aron /.. &, fl.


d s c k = dscc; kglmm = kgflmm.

132

22 Spur and Helical Gcarq Daign and Calculation


Tabk 22/19. Load dimibution factor C, for

T = C,&. o U C , C,), from s d o n 2 2 2 4

C,= l for the mmKmation St/St:x0.74 for St/CI;=O.55 for CVCI:f,. fmm Tablc 22/12:
C, (lin) for linenr load dirtnbutioa (urc whui C, bar) i s not cnsurcd);
C, (par) Tor plrabolic bad disbibution (aRa thc bcn Nnnuip-in under load).

~nble
ZZIZG. Delcrmination af&. and C, for thc operang periphcral farce U C, C, whcn the load carrying face widlh b' (at

thc r o k g circlc) is known fram thc "tooth contan markiig" at thc peripheral force U,

Takc fram TaMc 22/20: T, for (b/bY;j,. = T, U,/(CP),


Take from Tsble 22/19: C, for T= T, U,/(U C, C,).
T, (lin) is valid for linear load diruibution ovcr b'
T, (par) is vgid for pmbolic Ioad dimibution over b'

(li) = 1.75.
b ' )
=
)

1 1 . 2 1,3 : l f I l . 5 i 2 ! E 6
-- ! _ _ - - _ P 2
2
26 8
3 14
1_5
_
I

T p ( p s r ) = upto1,33! 1.6

1,73

1 1.86 i 2 1 2.66 1

3.33

IEl0

3 i4
6
_

5,33

12
-

6,66

F& 22/38. Fi-tor CB for hciiul g w n with Q x 204


For =0. C p = l ; for F,=&
2, 3 ..., CB=1.4/c; for E>,
CBx 1 . 4 1 ~

'""1

6 1 7

1,

9
18

9,33

10.7

-I

12

13.;

22.7 Tables and Diagrams foi the Cdculation ofSpur and Hclical Gedrr

&ihdculation
quantiticr dcpendent on helu angle
Pa. for a = 209
6.

On
I

Fig. 22/39. Contact ratio E = E, + E, in Uansvcrsc section and E, = dcos' B, in normal


wcrion. 8 , and 5 from the diagram with 5 = d/z, = dli, and h = 0.5 (du - dI
and h = 0.5 (d - da:). -"i~!,

Equalian for diasram:&, - =

d (tan a - tan U,)

Ik,
2s h
a from cos a;, =(WS o,) dld: a, from sin a, = rin a,/cos .,
Inncnverrahnung = internal &cth; Au$cnverzahnung = external teeth.

~09'8,

1.m

I 0.999i

1
I

cq

j$;,j7,
1,m
1.000

22 Spur snd Helical G

134

m . Design 2nd Calculalion


&
.
T

12/24.
Faclor y

for rro. = 20"

Fig. 22/40. Root factor Valid for forcc application at tip Tor 2.25 m. wholc dcpth, a, = . 2 R Zero
backlarh; mtiral wction at point af cantact of 309 tangent: gcnaation by rack Hith 0.38 m, tip
ruunding and radial cluvmcc s,= 0.25 m..

Tabk 21/23.
Factor ?C

Cl
ible 22/12.

aclonqcand y c

Gcar 1 is the dnvcr:


q Z l= 1,41(en

+ 04)
+ 0,4)

~ 4 " = 1,41(sy1

, 1..

G a r 2 is thc driva:
E

li41(w

q.8 = 1,4/(r,

+ 0.4)
+ 0.4)

5 = Normal a n t M ratio from Fig.22/39

uith

e=on

in [mlsecl; m. in Imml m d f in

L>L. L'.

fpl = high-

ofthc tooth

31

32
33
34

2.27
2.23
2.19
216

135

227Tabler and Diagrams for the Ca1culation;of spur 2nd Helical Gcars

Tnblc 2 Z h . Material data*' (canvm.on for othcr operaiing condjtions is givm in Tablcs 22/26, 27, Figs. 22/41, 42)
T& picce in thc find

Matsial

Dm.gmion

Type end Ttemuit

No.

==#

--

k~mm'

ksflm'

GG 18
GG 26

Grey cast iron

3
4

Mdleable cast iron

5
6

Cast stcel

Machine stcel

Qucnched and lcmpered


stcel

11
12
13
14

15
16

18
19
20.
21
22

Cs%-carbwizcd stccl

23
24
25

Flame ar induction
hardcned stcel

27

Cyanidcd stcel

28

'

29
30

Laminatcd,plasiic

31

S.G. ircn
Batii-nitrided sied

. 32
33

Gas-nihidcd sied

GS 52

52
60

' 50...

.E!amcorind~~ction
hardcned stccl

21
24

150
175

0,21
0,30}'

16iIbCr5
20iIbCr5
15CSi6
18fiSi8

50 65
80...110
100.-.I30
90...120
120...145

Cbr45- 65..- 80
37MnSi5 90...105
90...110
53&Si4
41Cr4

140...180

ma~sc

80.-55+

42CrX04

W
M)

85+ 90

31CrXoVQ 70f

85

n-l42fi~010490 . 110

27

150
180
208
0,231
0,40
0,51
0,801

WO
0,80

736
650
650
650
650

- -- 220 595
- 270 560
- 615
275 - 460 595
-

'

25
25
15
17,s
-

140
185
210
260
260
300
190
270
360
310
400

ksfimm'

4-5
6,O

0,32
0.64

34Cr4
?&Si5
42ciXo4

--

0.19
0.33

170
250

22...27
30-..34
34...41
36...44
38...46
46...54

65.-

tptlmm'

60
80
da... 90
90
SO... 95
95...110

6ae

Bath-nitided

34

60
70... 75

37HnSi5 150...190

170

St50.11 SO... 60 23-..28


St60.11 60... $0 28...33
Stif&ll, ! 70:.. 85 3>...40

9
10

IS U n m

Con

18
26

fcmtic
pcarlitic

CS 60

Sur:

On ~ h sgear'

condition

4,9
5.0
5.0
5,O.
5.0
4,3
3,7
4.5

19.3
23
25,6

&

31,5
.
22
42
47
44
47

35

18
26

100
140
47
52

4s5

55
65
80

3,O

60
80
90
90
95
110

3,O

95
140
160
160
1iO

2...3

140
125
110

3,O

4.3

32

I90

3,6

35

200

3.0

-470

550

-.

17

300
450

1.8

22
31,s

140
110

660

2,7

68.0

150

3,s

45,O

1%

700

1,s

6,O

3.0

110

IThc tcn 8wcre m o d y of thc foliaaing dimcnsionr: rn = 3 mm; I, = 27, z, = 34, b = 10 mm; 200-Standard telli:
8 mlwc. InBumocs on load capaaty are cansidcred is tstions 2 2 2 8 and 21.6.
'Up t o 35% highcr vdues X mahing with a ucrc-hardmed and neground s t d gear.
'For v = 12 mlsec and ground &I mating gear.
'Valid for huet radius of curvaturc r& 0.2 m
'Valid Tor caw hardcning beyond thc r m t fiUet: a b u r 20% lowcr if through-hardencd: o,< 25 kgf/mma ifcase-hardencd
on the t w t h Rank only.
'Corresponds t o the cwcntly U& C - V ~ U C = Ulbt = 0.8 kgf/mmz.
'For ninning uith a matilig acel gear o l a b u l the samc hardnesq oii d Wcasity 100 cSt and suriace roughncss given in
thc table.
For thc cambiiation of tmth ninaeej 1 and 2 Rc= 0.5 (R, +Ra); dist of 17,cn k, is ansidcrcd in the fwlnotc
referrr3 to at the ~ n daf item (a), "pitting" in so2101121.5.2
''i h c rnatcrials 31 to 35 are newly included in the wmnd rcprint and m a l c d s 7, 17 und 26, which arc vcry littlc uscd,

V=

22 Spur and Helical Gears, Design and Calculation

$'

Tsblc 22/26. Surface nren;lh

and full-load life L,

k~ = Ya YE YS Y* JG
with
with

k, from Tablc 22/25, for the calculation of the safcly factor S,.
k, fram Fig. 22/41. for prercribcd Ne L,.

Factor ); = 1 Tor mnning of thc material of


Tablc 22/25 with stcel
y, = 1.5 for running with cart iran
y, = 0.5 + 2.1 X 10</(2 E,) for mnning mth a material of modulus of
elasticity E,
y,, = (HIH,)'

when the surface


hardness H ir diffcrcnt from the H,
of Tablc 22/25 and remains wiihin
650: athenvise y, = I

y,

V [cSt]

: iunction of oil riscosit? V at the


operating ternperature
= 6,3

21

ys = 0,7

O,i5

3i
0,s

68
0.9

V = 100 145 200 265 300


ys = 1,O 1,l 1,2 1,3 1,35
: funeUon af peripheral velocjty v

y,

Imisccl

Y. = 0.7

Lcs!rechselzohl Lw

Fig. 2U41. Lifc c w c r Tor ruriace svength k,. Numkrs on thc Curves
are material numkrs of Table 22/25. For othcr mntdals arrange
c w e s to wrrcrpood to k, valuer of Tablc 22/25. Fu-load life ',vhcn

+ 1 +0,6

s, < I,

.
L

L,=-=

167. 103 kD

"

n 60

- s;

Ihr].

Lastwechwbahl L. = load cycles L.; kdmml= kgf/mm2.


Table 22/27. ROM rtrcngth o
,
load life L*

'

and Toll-

OD

U,

lifc

= o, from Fig. 22/42, Tor p r - i

L.
=

= o. from Table 22/25, for thc calculation


of thc safcty Tactor S,
C,

,
I

--

'!

U,

.-

for idlu gears ( r e v e d loadilig)

o, = oJfn whm the Umth 6Ua radius of curvaturc r,< 0.2 mf. from Fis. 22/22

ILiMt
for
plus dynamic
scss Tor the d w roughnas of Tsble
22/25. Eiien of sdacc roughnar and
lubrication on k, is dealt Wth in w d o n
21.5.2 itrm (a) "pitting".

,,

I i

Y !

.
,

0-

= 0.7

I;>

Tablc 22/25, for thr calculation of safcty agsinst suddcn iailure

.
,

,,

,I

51

70'

'

'

70'

I / I

s ; d 2
LostxeJisel L,

Fig. 22/42 Lifcn r r v a Tor r m mcngth owN u m h on thc ~ r v c arc


s
matmal numbas of Tabls 22/25. For othu material$ arrangc curvcs
to w c r p o n d U> o, valucs of Tablc 22/25. Ful4oad iife whm S, < 1,
'L

Lastw&

- --

n 60

-n-

L,= load cycla L-; kg/mma = kgT/mm<

I37

22.7 Tablcr and Diapranis for ihc Calcuiation of Spur and Helical Gears
Tible 22/23. Guidance on ail viscosity V, (cSt at 50C) for cn~losuld n v a mth 45 10 90C oil temperaurc

Frjo

= lCfJj"O.4 10 2O4'4.4

Table 22/29. M,,-valucs foi conmon gcar ailr

Gssrr for

SAE grade'
oi V, ;csl)

Automobiles
lnduruy

SAE 8 0 . . . 9 0
4 0 . . . 1 2 0 cSr

Steam turbiier

3 0 . . . 60 e S t
1 0 . . . 28 c S t

Twbocanvc~crs

M, Im ~ g f for
l mincral oils
raiaht

mild ndditivs

6;0...li,4

30,8...50,5
1i,4...39,3

3,.5...9,4
1,4
6.0

...

crtreiiic prcrri<ie iddiiiri

..

1 6 , l . over 54,s
4 6 , 1 . . . over 64.5

13,4...30,8
9,4...24,1

'Se DIN 51511 and 51511

ht
ms Jsin%. For hypoid gG, from Eq. 1 of section 23.4.4; for spiral
Take thc highcst vduc Roughly c
gcars, e from Eq. 2 of sc-tion 25.5.4. M,
is thc s m ~ tarquc
g
abtained in the FZG standard ESt A [221193. 1941.
rnlwk = mlwc; mkg = mkgf; k 9 / m 1 = kgf/md.

<

Perancangan rodagigi kerucut dan hipoid

Tablc 2311. Rccommendcd valucs for bcvcl gcars

.5:-

hudeirc0 hlyoid g w s 2, fies rafhcr at Ihc lowcr limit md Tor straight toothcd unhardencd &CL
Si1

For dA = RQ'
and 6 S 0,s Rb

S 0,15dbi

fd

2.83

2,27

1;10

gcars rathtr at ths uppcr

134

1 2

1,17

r l 2 zd,co6d1 wsS,;
z,
P.+
in Tlbk 23/16
6 sIOd,looa~ j z l corresponding to b 5 10 :.,nI Tor Standard values Corni and
tri, SEC Tablc 22/15
b/Rb d 02, bldbl S 0,75
prcsrure rngk a,E 2W
8ddendum h,, =h, = m, for zaeearllrg
dtdcodum & = h,, = 1.1 m, W 1.3 m,'for zcto gearing
mutionil b a e W S,= 0.025 m. to 0.04 m.

TiMe z3/4, Rccommcndcd vaiucs Tor hypoid tooih bcvti g~


Initial cstimates

willi positive arial disptaczmcnl m d 6, = 90'1

..V,, 60 d,

According 10 ihc choicc of d. i rod 2a/d,.


Tablc 23/3
2a
-sdrn9

O,9i
4-4

" %

a 0,45 Tor light motor vchick.~ nnd industrul dnvcs

(rot negative axial displaccmcnt d;;-i 0.76 d,e/i)

hlininiim number of tccth


(Glcason)

Morcovcr:

i2

rat, E . z,

& S0,31 R W 2

TmIh widlhr

Prcraure anglc in normd-!


sccrion for hypoid
gcarinp
(Wildhabcr [23/40])

t0

m d

c 0.23 Tor h u v y motor vchiclcs (tnick~f

tg&-i
di = (1,3.. , 1,s)d,,/i

Profile displaccrncnt
AVildhabcr 123140!j

Q,s

z1 E

z=-tmo=
. =
s
a, =

tgdes;
C". 2

15...Si

j-__,____---

; 0,70

1 0.66

in Tablc 22/16

___--

/ / 1

bl s. fTab!c 23;;;

mormvcr: b z s 10 m
,
.
;

-0,lS d m 2 ;

or

Cm61 coaf8m

10
0,59

I1

12

13

14

032

0,44

0,3S

0,30

i A n ior wcetw whcd 61& rod convcx piuion

"unk

cn - A n Tor convex wbccl Bank ,urd cuncdve p s o n flank


suimrt)
1 in orZa to compnisetc Ihc cngagemcr,:
2 ( R , &,
-20'

4- d,?

conditions for IcR and nght fl&s

156

23 Bevel Gears and Hypoid Gears

Ti& 231% Gmmetncd rclationships and dimcnsions for bevci guvr (Fig. 23/12)
Indcx I for puiion, indcx 2 for b v c i w h d , indcx n for quantiticr in Ihe normal s d o n . i n d u m for ilic middle of Ihc 100th
width, index E far quivalent spx g m , index 0 rcfcrs to pitch circlg indcx b rcfcrs ta opcrationnl rolling circle
Noic: UsuaUy rolhg w n c aod pitch w n c wincidc so Ihat we have 6, = 6.,. d = d ctc.
Dimcnrionr

Rclationship

Meahhg dheasloni (mfemcd ta thc m h g cone)


dcg.
6~ = 61 6.
ein dd
R o h g w o c angle
61 from t g 6 i =
6 s = 6.4 - 61;
r
cwdd '
Roing w n e length
mm
Rb = 0.5 dbi/9"dl = 0,5 db2/sin62; mostiy Rb = Ra
Rolling ckcle diamctcr
mm
db, = 2 E b a i n d l ; db2 = 2Rb8ind2; mostly db = do
(at Ihe back conc)
r = r31zl = dbr/db, = eindn/sindl
Rcdunian ratio
For6, = 90
1 - tg6, = l/tg61 = i ; 1/oosd2 = I/sinOl =

AUS angle

.+

0
.2

E
5
c
.e

12
13

'5
E
..o

14
15

M.nuf*etudng dimcniioos (referrcd U> thc pitch circle at Ihe back wnc)

,
Pitch mnc anglc
&csrucanglc
Helix angle
Numbcr of tocIh
Pitch circle diameier
Modulc in thc t r a n r v c r w d o n
M&& in Ihe normal d o n
Pitch mnc k a m
T m & Mdth

deg.
deg.
deg.

601; 602
=o,w,; t g = o = t g w J o o s o

80
=I* %

Ra
b

nun

mm

= 0.5ddain6,

Tipmeaagle
Tiian.de
Addmdum
paiendum
Addcndvm Nclc diamctcr
Backcooilength
Mu. h d -

l7

V-

( r c f d ta thc middle of

b
fb=-=-sin61=-sin62
b
da1
1
hl
l;nl.m,,,=-rmn.m

W i d t h r i m m b k 2311)
Addendum

mm

Pmhlc displscacnt

mm

the tooth v i d h and roUing wnc)


F a dA= 00':

Eq&-

b
fb=

db2

dblY;a+i

rpm in

I I

1_ ~ r S ~ ~ r ~ ~ ~ . ( n o m a l -.r c ad ico gn .)%mas&=-aon


19
Hd* anglc
dcg.
P'=&"

Numba ofte*h (nom integer)


Rolling cirdc diamaer
Module intnnsMne d o n
Module in dweboa
T w I h MdIh
Nuqbadtccrtimd
wction

~
8
6
~
ie -- zC n/zcl= i
= tg6Pjtg61 i,=.ii:
mad2
j
~ , ~ = y l ~ a zd. s~= ;d w a 6 e
za~=z1Yi;41-?i7;2
d = d m ~ a o e 6 1 = d b l ( l - f ~ ) / w 6z~ l Z = i m
dC2= dne/wt862 = d e l - i ,
m, = G1/zl = d,Jz,~ =.d,dze2
d a = d d m
d= G d
m = m.ws,
= d,lwag,/z,l
b, = 6
=zC1-ZJZ;
z<,,* = ze2.zn/z
wi~hz,& from Table 22/21

163

23.4 Displaccd Bevel Whecls (Hypoid Drives)

Tiblc 2W3. Gcometrical relationship and dimension fcr displaccd bevel gears Mth 6, = 900 (Fig. 23120)
Index 1 for pinion, 2 for bevel wheel, indexp for crown-whsel: indcs c fr>icquii~nlentspiir gcars: indcx s for equivalent
spiral gears: index ni foi m a n dirnensions of bevel gears, index n far skes in normal section

I Uniu I

Dimmrionr

Rdawodiips

Mnhing dlmcodow (rcfcrrcd to rolling wnc)


Axis angle (angle ofinterscction)
Rolling conc angle
Distancc from the Mir

a; in thc plane of the crown whcd

op = Rmisin q p

Rcduction ratio
Number af tceth
Displaccmcnt angle
Anglc ofwntact

M-

d i m d a n s (rcfcrrcd to the conract Point P of fhc rolling conc):

idmddaz

Hclk anglc in thc plane of tbc

- cosv,

~"QP
for negative axial dirplaccmcnt, Pm I < Brne,

cmwn whal

Piesrure anglc (normal sectian)

dcg.

! mm

3tci1 rjrdc diamera

an

dmz m g m n
dml; d - 2 ; dmi = -- - - = ~ i : eoahi

Wl

sin bs

Moddc in aormal d o n

Pitch w n e length
ToothMdth
=
Prodle displaccmat (Tablc 2314)
Addadm

mm

R = O,5 dml/aind1; R,z = 0,5dm2/sin62

/ mz I
Minda&g

Eqdvsknt ipfril 8-

b ~ $0,18 d,?;
~
, = - =~ m z " 'm
m
ht,i. htmz

b1=bJcoaqp+3mn@plp
~

Qmclidoru (wt Tablc 2312)


Ciadu s) (referred to roing &mint)

Anglc of M i s (anglc of iotcrwcrion) )

Hclix angle
Prcrsurr aogic in normal d o n
ReduFtion RBtio

~ u m b of
a W (Pitch cirde diamdp
Module in n o d d

in-&)

,-2.n
1

-861
C-6n

z = z,/msOl;
dri = d , , , l / ~ d l ;

mm
mm

For tmth W&

pm6lc

212 =

d.2

%/~69

=dmdwdn

m,.=m
'

t, iddindum sos m i m dimcnsiom

e g ~ - e r - w - ~ - C ~ a : - c - ~ ~ o 0)t (darod-U>-&W-pointk,
i

Rcdudion r a j o

Numba o f W (non-integer)

ze2 = zc &,
ld;

dmz

Pitch cirdc d i a m w

dd=

cosd2msPqp

Modu'e normal d o n

Too& Mdth

z r n 1 = z e l z J ~ ; Z ~ , , ~ = Z , ~ ~ with
J Z Z J Z fmmTablc22121
Numba of m t h . normal &an
Pmphaal velocity
o = al = dml nJ19100
for prodle displaczmcnt und addcndum sec mcan dimcnsions

15 s

Perancaizgan rodagigi cacing

fable 24/1. Dimensions of wornis (Fig. 24/18)


Worm

E20
H22
E 10
H 10

1%

100
178
L78

i
19
4
20
9,75
10,7

mmi

Y.

rmm1

14

42,5 3,75
66
S,B2
67
838

['I
QQ28'
10' @'
W o28"
20" 34'

Tabk U/1 Empirical valuer for 2,. 2,. d/o. rr, =z, +,?X, and S,
E-worms: normal k,= 0 (buiit wilhim thc limits =-1 i o + 1 ). H-worms: normal 2r,= 2 (buiit within thc limits = I ro 3)
Check Tor undercurting in thc ctntrc oT thc whcel (Tor A - w o n as lirniling case): I , g Zh,.,,/(m sin2 U)
Tlic calcuidtcd valucz ean bc a non.in1cgcr backiash oFthc whcel flank iccording to [24/31. S
, Ip! ni (0.3 z, + I I ) + 25

>

200

24 Worm Gearing

'The cquaiion Tor4 war uscd ar a first approximation according to data on lilc by Tuplin 12411061. (Adcquaic nuinbcr o l
iesi daia wer; not availsble.)

Teble 2414. Twth shapc factars /, and y, for I< and ii,

Table 2415. Dzta for material vduer k, and


Priring

..

Worm

Whccl r h

mndc of

Stccl hardcned m d
ground

4
5

10

.Stccl hurt trcatcd and

not 810und

Grcy casting
CI 18

Table 2416. Datn for C-

madc of

..'

kpf,!&,2

J'-

I
1
1,lO

Cu-Sn-Bronrc
Al-doy
Pwrlitc casting

0.8
0,425

Cu-Sn-Bronze
Al-doy
Zinc-doy
C1 12

0,4i
0,23
0,17
0.4

1.8

Cu-Sn-Bronzc
Al-~OY
CI 12

0,4
0,3
0.35

1.16
1.30

1,-

1.5
l,5
1.5
1,?

far a. = 2CP (for a. = 25' values 1.2 timcs)

202

24 Worm Gcaring
Tpbls 24%. Velocity cocfficicnt'/. = 2/(2

+ V:")

for km,

'Cwfficientr accotding to AGMA 124141; far largcr construdon sizcs probably t m unfavourable (sufficicnl nurnber af
tertr not available).
Tablc 2419. Coefficient

V.

far N..... for iefercncc time h. = h, (100/a) (Yk/&) in hours

Table 24/10. Coefficieni .vk, for N,


n.

Blower

without . .
With . . .

.
.

1 200 (

400

G00

1 600 ( 1 W O ( 1200 /

1GOO

and

J,

1 '2000 1 2500 1 3000 1 3500 1 4000

1 1

1,Ol 1.03 1,06 1,09 1 1 1 1


I1,03 , 0 8 11.16 135 1.35 1 1 ,
Tablc 24/11. Coefficient

-7

1400

1,42 1,58 177 1,98 2.20


2,. 2.45 I2:95 3,48 <84,05
for NJN2

~ i 24/19.
~ . Total cfficicncyq for E-worrn drives acFig. 24/20. Total efficicncy q for H-worni drives ac
~ ~ ~ d toi nTable
g 24/13.
cording 10 Table 24/13.
~ o t t c dbundlc of lincs- recorded exarnple Tor n, = IWO. 0 = 200, and i = 10.
U/rnin = rpm.

203

24.16 Tables and Diagrams


... .

Tablc 24/11 Rcsults af comparison tcrtr with E - w o m drive, G- and H-warm drive under snme operational conditions with
the best design: Axial distance 178 mm according to 124121
E = ilvolute w o m , G = glaboii worm (cone worm), H = follovr flank worm (Cavex)

z,/z,

Dimension

Flank limit

Objestianr

24,4

91,O

24,9

91.5

29.7

91.3

/ 1 pit

/ without
light grooves

Tablc 24/13. Exampler for E- and H-worm dnves derircd in the best way. r, = 40. material pairing I (Table 2415).
Calculated: total efficiency r( for limiting power of Ranks N and& = I ; tcmpcraturc limiting power N for-the model with
blowei aod for givcn q. For corresponding diagrams for ,V,. N and see Figs. 24/19 to 24/24
n
dm,

,- n,
"l

1
3

l0

250
500
1000
2000

82,2 / 0'769 10,809


84.3 1 1.31 0,991
86,5 12,09 1,39
67.5 3,14 2.28

87.0
89.4
908
91.5

1 I1

250
500
1000
2c0

56,O
77,s
80.5
82,3

0,53 C 0,577
0,91 j0.701
1.46 1 0,963
2,19
1.59

81,8
@,2
872
88,3

11

250
5(M

0,378 ; 0,380
0,636 0,432
1.01 i0,630
1.51

71.2
76,l
79,O
80,i

1 0,264

56,O
62,l
66.0
68,4

-1

40

250
500
. .1000
2000

45.6
49.5
53.6
56.4

H P

2000

1 1

1/
'

'1

o,i

0,281
0.463
0,711
1.04

i0,310
0,403
0.646

5,28
8.42
123
17.4

1
j

'

1
1

3.51
5,71
8,66
12,2
2,42
3,86
5.78
8,03

100

ZOO
78

12

1 %

100

23mm

20

50 nim

"l

62,O
65,i
69.2
71,6

1,

--

:,E0
5.10
7,15
11s
2,i4

140

I 2 I/

88,4

. 3,62 90.7

/
'

22,4 i 1 5 , ~
342 20.1
47,s 1 28.7
60.7 j 43.7

5,W
8,45

92,O
922

1,74
2.26
3,13
5,13

81,O i 15.3 j 9,20


84,s ! 22,5 i 12,2
86.5 31.9 16,8
86,8 1 41.9
25,9

1.73
1.14
2.G
4
3,86
1,91
5.31 j 3.11

1
!

I
i
I

20

1
40+

250
,500
1000
2000

M,O '0,470 10,392


69,4 0,793!0,505
74,6 1.23 j 0,722
78,7 180 1.32

250
500
1000
2000

47.7
530
59.5
64,s

I
'

0,307
0.50
0,780
l.10

0,274
0,330
0,462
0,600

75,1
80,9
85,O
86,8

3 ,
4,92
7,34
10,2

60,2 i 1,90
68,5 ( 3,M
74,2 1 4,36
76.8
602

/ ~2.w
2.82

XI=
[HP)

[HP]

211
295
386
473

277

--93.4
94,s
94,7
94,s

140

200
266
333

90,o
1 149
113

-.

216

89,O
92,O 1 55,2
90.9 132
71.5
9i,2 176
893
90.9 I224
130

'31.6

42,4
62,3

1x1
!%,8
95.
95,9
95,7

68.8 ! 9,8S1 5.60 80,s


57.3
7,12 83,8 83.1 40.2
73.7
76.7
84.5 106 1 50,3
83.8 137 i 73,3
77,3 2
l!: b 7
98.3
98.5

385
544

i1 26,O
38.6

93,3
94,4
94.4
94,O

124
178
233
300

1 1
71
17" i 100
23.8
14,3
6
215

87.5
89,6
89,E'
890

70,O I 48,7
62.8
1aO
132
76.0
170
1%

11 i
1 :1
Nxr

;I
91,s , 33,4 20,3
93.1
50.5 1 27.1
94,l ! 69,5 1 38,s
94.2 90,4 59.4

4.33
5.42

65.8
89.5
91.3
91.2

1.26
1,il
2.52
412

75.5
81.3
84.2
84.2

! 19,s
j 29,7

42,O
55.8

/ 12,2
l7,8
j

340
420

90,O
1117
142
196

Fig. 24121

Fig. N 2 2
Fig. 24/21 and 24/22. Limibg powcrs N, and N, for E-worm drive suording to Table 24/13
Doacd bundlc of lincr - recorded u m p l c for n, = 1000, 0 = 200, and i = 10.
PS = HP; V/min = rpm.

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