VG 97023 SW, Potatoes

VG97023
Sweet Potato Variety Improvement

L Loader, S Harper and V Amante
Queensland Horticulture Institute
VG97023
This report is published by the Horticultural Research and
Development Corporation to pass on information concerning
horticultural research and development undertaken for the
vegetable industry.
The research contained in this report was funded by the
Horticultural Research and Development Corporation with
the financial assistance of the Vegetable Industry.
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expressing the opinion of the Horticultural Research and
Development Corporation or any authority of the Australian
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Copyright 2001
HORTICULTURAL
RESEARCH &
DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION
HRD\C
Partnership in
horticulture
Final Report
Horticultural Research and
Development Corporation
Sweet Potato Variety Improvement

Project No. VG97023
Mr L. Loader, Mr S. Harper and Ms V. Amante

Department of
Primary Industries, Queensland
Queensland Horticulture Institute
Gatton Research Station
September, 2000
Table of contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
Media Summary
Technical Summary
Introduction
Methodology
4.1. Germplasm Acquisition
4.2. Breeding
4.3. Preliminary observation and selection
4.4. Germplasm Maintenance and increase
4.5. Regional trials
4.6. Virus Indexing
5. Results and Discussion
5.1. Gold (desert) varieties
5.2. White flesh varieties
5.3. Varietal maturity
5.4. Virus Indexing
6. Conclusions and Recommendations
7. Bibliography
8. Acknowledgments
Appendix 1 Benchmark Site and Agronomic data for trials
Appendix 2 Detailed regional trial yield data
Appendix 3 Dry matter data
Appendix 4 Plant and root characteristics of selected sweet potato varieties
1
2
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
8
8
10
27
28
29
30
31
32
41
54
55
1. Media Summary
Several prominent varieties namely Hernandez, Northern Star, WSPF have been
introduced, evaluated and commercially released to industry. Hernandez is a high
yielding variety with bright orange flesh and sweet flavour. Northern Star is a high
yielding variety with a bright purple skin and white flesh whilst WSPF has a white
skin and purple marbled flesh. Both these varieties are catering for a new surge in
demand for staple type (starchy) sweet potatoes. The development of these new
varieties has increased profitability in this market sector.
The project has also introduced and evaluated a new category of sweet potato, that
being red/purple skinned orange fleshed varieties. Two lines of Beauregard parentage,
namely L86-33Q7 and L86-33Q9, have been developed and evaluated. Both these
lines have bold pink/red skins with orange flesh and sweet flavour.
There is still a need for a better white skinned white fleshed variety despite the release
of two varieties of this type. Hawaii which was introduced and evaluated in the
current program almost fits this market but tends to have small amounts of purpling in
the flesh. Kestle is a true white skinned white fleshed variety but has tended to be
inconsistent in yield and shape, and is a long maturing variety.
A major outcome of this project has been the removal of feathery mottle virus from
Beauregard, the most commonly propagated commercial variety. Material of this line
is now available to industry. The maintenance of pathogen free propagules at
Queensland DPI Redlands Research Station is providing industry with a ready source
of virus free germplasm.
Details of new varieties released will be made available in the Queensland DPI AgriLink manual on Sweet Potatoes.
The new varieties developed in this project each appear to have specific cultural
requirements in order to produce more roots of marketable size. There needs to be a
focus on refining the cultural requirements of these varieties to better grow them to a
market specification.
2. Technical Summary
This project has achieved several important outcomes. The varieties evaluated and
developed in this project have been readily adopted by industry and are now the
dominant commercial varieties.
Several prominent varieties namely Beauregard, Hernandez, Northern Star, WSPF
and others have been introduced, evaluated and released to industry. Hernandez is a
high yielding variety with bright orange flesh and sweet flavour. Northern Star is an
early maturing high yielding variety with a bright purple skin and white flesh whilst
WSPF has a white skin and purple marbled flesh. Both these varieties are catering for
a new surge in demand for staple type (starchy) sweet potatoes. The development of
these new varieties has increased profitability in the industry.
The project has also introduced, bred and evaluated a new category of sweet potato,
that being attractive red/purple skinned orange fleshed varieties. The most notable of
these is L93-93Q24, although other selections in this cross have also performed well
and are discussed in the report. The two lines L86-33Q7 and L86-33Q9 are both
Beauregard progeny having bold pink/red skins with orange flesh and good sweet
flavour.
Two new white varieties, Hawaii and Kestle, have been developed in the program.
However, there is still a need for a better white skinned white fleshed variety.
Retailers advise that the supply of this category is highly irregular and unreliable.
A sweet potato gene bank collection was established at Redlands Research Station
during 1997. The collection consists of in-ground, potted glasshouse and tissue
cultured plant material. It was sourced from North Queensland, Knoxfield and the
USA. Plants were established in pots and indexed to determine virus status. The virus
free material is being maintained in vitro. Infected lines were tissue cultured to
remove virus.
The current collection consists of 27 lines in tissue culture, including several
accessions of the same line. Thirty-six lines are held in high health status in the
glasshouse and 16 lines in seed beds and these are available for commercial use.
There are currently 2 lines in isolation awaiting meristem culture to eliminate virus.
A major outcome of this project has been the release of virus free Beauregard and
WSPF two of the most commonly grown commercial varieties. Commercial
plantings of Beauregard are rife with virus and the successful removal of virus is a
major gain for industry. The maintenance of pathogen free propagules at Queensland
DPI Redlands Research Station is providing industry with a ready source of virus free
germplasm.
Field days and press releases have been organised to coincide with harvest of district
trials where advanced lines were on display. These have been well supported by
industry. All details of new varieties released will be made available in the
Queensland DPI Agri-Link manual on sweet potatoes. This publication is currently
with the publishers.
2
The new varieties developed in this project will have specific cultural requirements in
order to produce more marketable roots. There is a need to focus on refining the
cultural requirements of these varieties; for example, plant and row spacing, time to
maturity, nutrition and irrigation so as to maximise marketable yield and quality.
Also, a more detailed analysis of post harvest quality and flavour of new varieties is
required.
3. Introduction
In Australia sweet potatoes are predominantly grown in Queensland which accounts
for about 80% of Australia's production. Fresh sweet potatoes can be sourced from
coastal and sub-tropical areas of Queensland all year round. The consumption of
sweet potatoes has increased substantially in the last 20 years. However, consumer
tastes in sweet potato have changed dramatically in this time and continue to do so.
Product quality, disease and pest management have been identified by the sweet
potato industry as priority research areas. The predominance of such features in
existing varieties represents an impediment for sweet potato industry growth. At the
initiative of the industry the present project was developed to focus on introducing,
developing and evaluating germplasm from overseas.
The sweet potato industry has been reliant on growing varieties less suited to
consumer preferences and which are sensitive to disease and pest pressures. The
traditional varieties such as Beerwah Gold, L70-323, Red Abundance and White
Maltese tend to have one or more poor agronomic or quality traits. These include low
yield, poor vigour, late maturity, spreading bush type, strong root attachment, weak
establishment, pale flesh and skin colour, poor shape and size, deep eyes, short
storage life, stringiness and ribbing. Furthermore, traditional sweet potato varieties
suffer from severe disease and pest problems, in particular, soil rot, feathery mottle
virus and sweet potato weevil.
This project was initiated and financially supported by industry in an endeavour to
develop varieties with better agronomic and quality attributes than that of existing
varieties. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is normally propagated vegetatively and
the species is self sterile and flowers shyly. This presents a challenge to plant
breeders and places constraints on using conventional plant breeding techniques. It
precludes the development of true breeding from open pollinated varieties, inbreds
and hybrids.
This project acquired material from a range of sources both domestically through
breeding and other acquisition, and from overseas. Selected lines were evaluated and
released and a bank of virus free germplasm established to supply industry with clean
material.
The major focus of this project was to select, evaluate and develop more suitable
varieties for Queensland growers and establish a long-term storage facility of virus
free germplasm that could produce and supply virus free planting material to
producers.
4. Methodology
The project entailed several key activities namely, the breeding, introduction and
screening of new germplasm, state wide evaluation of selected lines in replicated
trials, and the maintenance of germplasm in a virus free state.
4.1.
Germplasm Acquisition
Propagules of advanced breeding lines were sourced from Louisiana and Georgia
USA, introduced into quarantine for a mandatory 1 year period and indexed for virus.
The material was then multiplied for further evaluation via screening trials.
One hundred lines or varieties originating from Pacific island countries, S.E Asia and
India were also obtained from a north Queensland grower who purchased the material
via an ACIAR project ex Burnley. These represented mostly staple type lines.
True seed introduced from Louisiana or produced in poly crossing plots in North
Queensland was also collected and germinated to produce approx 4-5,000 seedlings.
4.2.
Breeding
Highly heterozygous varieties, with at least one desirable characteristic were planted
in nursery plots at Walkamin and Southedge Research Stations where they were
allowed to cross pollinate with the aid of insect vectors. Seed was collected and the
maternal parent recorded. The seed was planted into polystyrene trays in a
glasshouse. At 4-5 leaf stage the primary shoot was excised and planted into the field
as a tip cutting. As each seedling was genetically different each represented a single
observation entity and a potential new variety.
Some seed was introduced from the Louisiana sweet potato breeding program. Seed
was also collected from some opportunistic situations in commercial crops.
4.3.
Preliminary observation and selection
Preliminary observation and selection was conducted at Southedge Research Station

near Mareeba in North Queensland. Single plants (seedlings) were dug mechanically
and subjectively assessed for characteristics such as shape, skin and flesh colour, skin
texture, apparent yield, uniformity and attachment. From each selected line
approximately five vine cuttings were prepared and planted in unreplicated plots for
further evaluation. These plots served as further observation, germplasm maintenance
and increase. At harvest, notes were made on root number, yield, skin colour, flesh
colour, skin texture, raw flesh texture and flavour and susceptibility to soil borne
diseases. Lines having uniform cylindrical roots with a smooth textured skin and
evenly coloured deep orange, white or cream flesh were sought although some
selections with purple flesh were made.
4.4. Germplasm Maintenance and increase

Those lines selected from the secondary observation were established as 10-12 plant
plots in a nursery at Southedge Research Station for the purpose of germplasm
maintenance and increase. This provided tip cuttings for replicated trials in various
regions, as well as for virus indexing virus and tissue culturing at Redlands Research
Station.
4.5. Regional trials

Selected lines were then grown in replicated trials in major growing districts including
Mareeba, Bundaberg, Redland Bay, Rockhampton and the Lockyer Valley. The
suitability of varieties to particular environments was assessed by recording yield,
ability to produce a uniform, acceptable root shape and susceptibility to insect and
disease pests. Trial design at each site was a randomised complete block with at least
three replicates. Tip cuttings were used as planting material. These were prepared
and collected at Southedge and Redlands Research Stations from respective
germplasm maintenance nurseries.
Row and plant spacing varied as determined by machinery and equipment available at
each site but was the same as that practiced by the majority of growers in each region.
The detail of site description and agronomic practices adopted at each site is included
in Appendix 1. Tops were removed at least 1 week before harvest at each site to allow
skins to harden.
Immediately prior to harvest, a buffer plant was removed from the end of each plot (to
negate end effects) and the datum section of row dug mechanically. All roots from
each plot were picked up into labelled bins and washed.
Harvested roots were washed before grading and weighing to allow visual assessment
of root quality. All replicates were graded according to root weight (0-150g, 150250g, 250-600g, 600g-lkg and >lkg). Counts of root numbers in each grade range
were made with the exception of the 0-150g range. Data was analysed using analysis
of variance. For the trial conducted at Rockhampton analysis of covariance was used
on root number data using plant establishment as a covariate.
A maturity trial was conducted at Southedge in 1999. Sixteen reps of each variety
were planted on 22 March 1999. A total of four harvests were conducted at weekly
intervals commencing on 9 August 1999.
4.6. Virus Indexing

Cuttings of sweet potatoes were sent to Redlands and propagated in sand until well
established. Ipomoea setosa seeds were acid treated and planted in sterilised potting
mix. Seedling plants were transferred to individual pots and grown on for 3 week.
Fresh shoot tips from the sweet potatoes were grafted onto the apical tips of the
Ipomoea setosa and grown under controlled conditions for 6-8 weeks. Ipomoea setosa
is sensitive to most viruses infecting sweet potato and plants were inspected for
mosaic, mottling, vein clearing and other symptoms associated with viral infection.
Leaf samples of I. Setosa were also collected and sent to Knoxfield for ELISA
serological testing for sweet potato feathery mottle virus infection. The biological
indexing and ELISA gave consistent results. Through 1998 and 1999 more lines were
tested and those which performed well in the field trials were added to the collection.
Once virus indexing was completed, young shoot tips with 4-5 axillary buds were
removed, surface sterilised, dissected and placed on sterile media in tissue culture jars.
The plantlets were grown on a standard media of Vi strength Murashige & Skoog
macro and mirco nutrients plus sugar at 20g/l and phytogel at lOg/1 and pH to 6.0.
The media was dispensed into 250ml honey jars, before sterilising in an autoclave.
Cultures were maintained on this media and subcultured every 4-5 months. Five
separate cultures of each line are maintained and kept at 25C in a growth room with
16 hr day light and 8 hr dark. Selected material is multiplied and made available to
industry via virus free nurseries maintained by Queensland DPI at Redland's and
Walkamin Research Stations.
Virus infected material from North Queensland or via Quarantine was also heat
treated (6 weeks at 35C) and then meristem cultured. It was then grown-out and
tested via the grafting and ELISA tests, before being cleared for inclusion in the gene
bank. It usually required 2 to 3 repetitions of this process to ensure freedom of virus.
5. Results and Discussion

The summarised data of important yield and yield components is presented in Tables
1-13. The more substantial split up of yield components in terms of graded root
yields and root numbers in each grade is presented in Appendix 2.
5.1.
Gold (desert) varieties
Hernandez
Hernandez has consistently exhibited high yields of marketable roots with deep
orange flesh colour and dark copper skin. The marketability of roots is good as it has
shallow eyes, smooth skin and has shallow ribbing compared with other traditional
gold varieties such as Beerwah Gold, NC-3 and Centennial. However, with a market
shift towards Beauregard type roots this variety, in a well supplied market is less well
received because of its copper skin.
In general, across most trials it has out-yielded these other traditional varieties.
Hernandez tends to be reliable in its yielding as exhibited by its consistent yield
across seasons and sites (Table 14). Furthermore, it is adapted to a range of climatic
and growing conditions having performed well in northern, central and southern
Queensland.
In regional trials it has consistently achieved yields of about 50 tonnes per ha
marketable roots (Redlands 1997/8 and 1998/9). Yields in the Gatton trials tended to
be lower at about 30-35 tonne per ha for trials in 1998/9 and 1999/0. The average
marketable root size for mature crops was about 450-500 g highlighting the fact that
Hernandez produces a larger proportion of good sized marketable roots.
The marketable root number per plant was high in Hernandez, in particular at the
Redlands and Gatton sites, where marketable root number per plant was consistently
about 3.8-3.9.
This variety has now become accepted as an important commercial variety.
L86-33Q siblings
These lines have been bred from Beauregard. The most important of these lines have
been L86-33Q5, L86-33Q7, L86-33Q8 and L86-33Q9.
L86-33Q5
The line L86-33Q5 has demonstrated high total and marketable yield capacity, out
yielding the other 3 lines in both times it has been trialed at Redlands. Marketable
yield in the years 1998/99 and 1999/00 at Redlands was 48.6 and 48.9 tonnes per ha.
In both these trials L86-33Q5 also exhibited exceptional marketable root set. The
number of marketable roots produced per plant for 1998/99 and 1999/00 at Redlands
was 4.6 and 4.8 respectively and this accounts for its high yield capacity.
On a regional basis its yield has been a little inconsistent and low yields were
recorded for this line at Bundaberg 1999/00 and Southedge 1997. A part of this
reduced yield at these sites in these years may have been related to poor seasonal
conditions.
L86-33Q5 produces roots with smooth skins of red colour and dark orange flesh. The
marketable roots are of medium size and in the order of 360-380 g. In all trials this
line has not produced roots greater than 1 kg highlighting the even size root
production. It is likely that with further agronomic work this lines performance may
be improved in other regions.
L86-33Q9
Of the other 3 lines L86-33Q9 has tended to most consistently produce the highest
yields of marketable roots (Rockhampton 1998, Southedge 1998, Southedge 1999 and
Redlands 1998/9). In other trials there was no significant difference between yield of
L86-33Q7, L86-33Q8 and L86-33Q9. Across seasons and sites L86-33Q9 has been
consistent in its yield. With the exception of the Rockhampton trial; marketable yield
has been between 25 and 38 tonnes per ha and generally in the order of 30 tonnes per
ha (Table 14).
L86-33Q9 has demonstrated high yield capacity, however, produces a considerable
proportion of over and under size roots. It is thus variable in maturity and may
require reselection to remove this trait. In trials it has tended to produce a high
proportion of over 1kg roots and this highlights its capacity for maturing early. This
contrasts with that for L86-33Q5, which tends to be of medium maturity.
The mean marketable root weight for L86-33Q9 was between 380 and 450 g and most
commonly about 420 g thus having good marketable root size. L86-33Q9 has smooth
long elliptical roots with shallow eyes, red skin and deep orange flesh.
L86-33Q7
This line also shows potential. The marketable yield has tended to be lower than that
for L86-33Q9 but this is likely to be due to the fact that L86-33Q7 is later maturing.
With the exception of the Gatton 1998/99, Redlands 99/00 and Rockhampton trial
L86-33Q7 consistently produced greater yield in the <250g category. In the greater
than 1 kg category L86-33Q7 has tended to have lower yield than L86-33Q9 though
the effect was not significant at any site due to the high variability of data in this grade
category.
L93-93Q siblings
The lines L93-93Q7, L93-93Q9, L93-93Q12, L93-93Q14 and L93-93Q24 have been
evaluated and present a new category of sweet potato having bold red/purple skins
with deep orange flesh. Of these L93-93Q14 and L93-93Q24 have consistently
performed the best in terms of marketable root yield (Table 14). The yield for both
these varieties across trials has been similar. L93-93Q9 warrants further evaluation.
Its' yield is inconsistent and in general not as high as for L93-93Q14 and L93-93Q24
but it has exceptional red skin colour and orange flesh.
L87-59
This line has only been evaluated for one season at the Redlands site 1999/00 in
which it yielded 39.0 tonne per ha marketable roots. This line has deep red skin and
even orange flesh colour and appears to have long storage life. It is an early maturing
variety but appears to be less prone to sprouting than other lines. It is particularly
uniform in shape and size and warrants further evaluation.
L93-1Q17
This line has exhibited high yield potential ranging from about 33 to 65 tonne per ha,
with the exception of the trial at Rockhampton. The skin colour is of less desirable
type as it is a brownish copper colour and slightly rough. The root quality is very
good having even orange flesh colour which is not sappy.
Other Gold lines

Other introductions including Eureka, Garnet and Travis have not performed as well
as expected. Yield and quality characteristics were poorer than the standard line
Centennial.
5.2.
White flesh varieties
Northern star
This project has also focussed on the development of white fleshed varieties. One of
the notable evaluations has been Northern Star. This variety has consistently
produced very high yield of marketable roots. It has a deep purple coloured skin with
white flesh, which is not sappy and does not discolour. The skin appearance is very
good as Northern Star produces a double skin which results in less visual damage at
washing. One major problem with it is its sensitivity to cracking and this problem
needs to be addressed through improved agronomy. Its sensitivity to cracking is likely
to be related to its exceptionally early maturing nature. The early maturity of this
variety is highlighted by its consistent production of high yield in the over 1 kg root
category. It has very good agronomic characteristics making it easy to grow and
handle.
Northern Star is now well received in the market place and has replaced Red
Abundance as the predominant red variety. It could also have potential in processing
type and export markets due to its high dry matter content.
Q95-3
This line produces roots with red/purple skin, good even white flesh, which is not
sappy and does not discolour after cutting. It has very acceptable eating quality but
the skin is rather tender and hence is prone to skinning at harvest.
In trials at Gatton and Redlands this variety has produced high marketable root yields.
Indeed marketable yield for this variety has been higher than for Northern Star. This
occurs because it is a later maturing variety than Northern Star and also at full
maturity it does not produce oversize roots. This is highlighted by the fact that it
produces less yield in the greater than 1kg root category. The mean marketable root
size for Q95-3 is sound at about 500-520 g compared with about 600 g plus for
Northern Star. The skin presentation on this line is not as good as for Northern Star
but it does tend to have shallow eyes and is less sensitive to cracking.
10
Hawaii
This variety produces good sized roots of even shape. The skin is smooth
white/cream. Flesh colour is white although does tend to produce small splashes of
purple flecking. The yield potential of marketable roots is high and mean marketable
root size is good at about 450-550 g depending on maturity.
WSPF
This variety has smooth white skins and strongly purpled flesh. It has a high yield
capacity (Total yields consistently in the order of 50 tonne per ha) and appeals to a
specific market. The reselected line evaluated in this project is being sought by
industry. The market segment to which it appeals is growing and little is known of
this markets requirements in terms of root quality e.g. size, flavour, colour etc.
11
Table 1. Mean marketable yield, total yield, mean marketable root weight (MMRW),
Marketable root number per plant (MktRt), mean yield of roots less than 250g and mean yield
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Redlands Research Station
1997-1998.
Variety
Marketable
Total Yield MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld %TotYld
Yield
<250g
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(noVplant)
Orange Fleshed
Centennial
Eureka
Garnet
Hernandez
L70-323
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L86-33Q9
L93-190Q14
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
Travis
White fleshed
Kestle
Northern Star
Red Abundance
50.4 f
30.3 de
24.1 cde
52.4 f
61.4 f
30.0 de
24.5 cde
35.6 e
H.9abc
33.4 de
25.8 de
8.2 ab
7.4 ab
20.7 bed
26.5 de
H.6abc
6.8 a
66.1
57.6
31.9
64.0
121.2
42.1
36.0
50.4
18.4
51.1
38.1
17.4
15.6
43.4
43.0
26.8
21.4
484
360
730
511
589
485
428
450
384
493
406
452
350
360
392
321
308
3.7
3.1
1.4
3.8
3.8
2.2
2.1
2.6
1.1
2.4
3.0
0.7
0.8
2.1
2.4
1.3
0.8
15.6
48.2
26.3
14.9
3.7
28.8
32.0
21.5
32.8
19.0
30.7
50.2
57.3
53.9
34.4
59.3
70.9
9.5
0.0
0.0
2.9
45.1
0.0
0.0
7.5
3.3
14.7
1.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.5
0.0
0.0
27.4 de
33.8 de
11.8 abc
38.3
89.1
20.1
461
580
415
2.2
2.0
0.9
17.6
4.2
48.6
9.4
57.6
0.0
Significance
**
**
*
**
**
LSD
13.62
17.63
193
0.9358
15.45
NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes
significant at P=0.01
**
11.54
Trial summation
The new variety Hernandez had a similar marketable yield to old commercial varieties
Centennial and L70-323 but has better flesh quality than L70-323 and higher soil rot
resistance than Centennial. L70-323 and Northern Star are early maturing and tend to
produce excessively large roots. Travis, introduced for its appearance and high soil
rot resistance yielded poorly. The yield of other selected seedlings was not
impressive.
12
1998-1999.
Variety
Orange fleshed
Beerwah Gold
Hernandez
HungLoc
L86-33Q5
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-1Q13
L93-1Q17
L93-1Q18
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q7
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q16
NC-3
White fleshed
Accession 87
Hawaii
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-17
Q95-3
WSPF
Significance
LSD
Marketable
Yield
(t/ha)
%TotYld <ZoTotYld
<250g
>lkg
Total Yield
MMRW
MktRt
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
35.9
64.9
75.1
76.5
49.3
51.7
20.6
94.9
9.8
67.6
54.5
53.0
70.5
30.0
47.2
44.5
443
497
521
379
369
455
404
490
295
400
390
415
422
312
399
459
2.0
3.9
3.8
4.6
2.6
2.8
0.9
4.8
0.1
3.9
2.7
2.8
4.3
1.8
2.2
2.5
28.1
10.1
4.3
36.9
45.7
31.9
52.8
15.1
93.1
35.4
46.9
31.2
24.1
48.7
45.6
25.8
2.6
7.6
21.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.2
3.5
0.0
2.6
2.6
114.7
63.1
26.6
94.6
91.6
28.7
76.0
55.1
645
470
352
593
571
429
504
491
2.4
3.5
1.5
2.9
1.9
1.3
4.3
3.1
3.4
20.5
39.4
. 5.5
4.3
45.7
17.1
20.0
58.1
5.8
0.0
41.5
63.0
0.0
5.3
4.8
**
**
**
**
**
**
15.91
17.63
75
1.058
13.66
14.27
25.0 bcde
53.5 klm
54.6 klm
48.6 jkl
26.9 cdef
35.2 efghij
9.9 ab
65.7 m
0.7 a
43.7 ghijkl
29.1 cdefg
32.5 defghi
50.9 jklm
15.3 abc
24.4 bcde
31.8defgh
42.8 ghijk
46.5 hijkl
14.4 abc
48.2 ijkl
29.2 cdefg
17.2 bed
59.0 1m
41.5 fghijk

Trial summation
Hernandez had better yield and quality than the commercial varieties NC-3 and
Beerwah Gold. A number of the seedlings performed as well as Hernandez,
particularly L86-33Q5 (a Beauregard seedling) which had better appearance. The
locally bred red skin white fleshed variety Q95-3 yielded well and had better
appearance than either Q95-14 or Accession 87.
13
1999-2000.
Variety
Marketable
Total Yield MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld %TotYld
Yield
<250g
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
Beauregard
Beerwah Gold
Eureka
Hernandez
Hung Loc
45.1 Qhij
36.3 cdefgh
51.9
48.3
36.5
64.1
29.8 bcdef
39.0 defghi
63.0 k
L86-33Q9
L87-59
L93-1Q17
L93-1Q18
L93-7Q3
26.6
40.7
30.2
30.3
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
abed
efghi
bcdef
bcdef
50.4 ijk
L93-9Q16
L93-9Q7
54.7 jk
35.5 cdefg
NC-3
21.0 ab
25.5 abc
20.0 ab
15.4 a
38.3 cdefghi
42.1 fghij
39.7 efghi
WSPF
C-j CTTII tiOJiTiPf*
52.3
50.7
28.5 bcde
48.9 hij
41.4efghi
L86-33Q5
L86-33Q7
White fleshed
Accession 87
Hawaii
Kestle
L95-17
Northern Star
Q95-3
35.2 cdefg
37.7 cdefghi
* *
47.8
43.1
78.9
76.3
39.8
56.6
50.2
45.9
57.6
68.2 -
524
2.4
538
476
425
471
365
383
377
520
503
386
390
427
332
2.6
3.4
3.1
2.3
4.8
3.9
2.8
2.7
4.5
2.5
3.8
2.5
3.2
3.3
4.3
52.7
2.6
19.7
58.8
35.3
31.7
26.7
73.9
56.0
45.4
615
454
424
425
619
520
438
1.4
2.0
1.7
1.9
15.6
36.7
38.6
2.6
13.0
12.8
1.3
2.2
2.9
3.3
ypyp
0.0
5.6
5.8
0.0
0.0
28.0
10.1
8.8
29.7
28.3
30.2
36.6
456
493
SK'F
20.6
4.4
23.7
13.4
16.3
12.5
694
10.9
21.1
12.8
19.4
15.4
4.5
39.2
8.4
3.6
0.0
9.7
0.0
3.5
0.0
13.1
59.0
10.2
0.0
3.8
45.4
12.1
0.0
J S!
! e:
I F
LSD(P=0.05)
13.02
17.66
135
1.101
13.47
i t!
13.71
Trial summation
Most test lines had a similar marketable yield to the varieties Hernandez, Beauregard,
Beerwah Gold, Northern Star and WSPF. The orange fleshed seedling L93-1Q17
again yielded particularly well but lacked the appearance of some others such as L8633 and L93-93 siblings.
An introduced orange fleshed line L87-59 was impressive in yield, uniformity, shape
and appearance.
Most white fleshed types had a high yield of excessively large roots, however, Kestle
yielded poorly.
14
marketable root number per plant (MktRt), mean yield of roots less than 250g and mean yield
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Gatton Research Station
1998-1999.
Variety
Orange fleshed
Beauregard
Beerwah Gold
Centennial
Garnet
Hernandez
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L86-33Q9
L93-190Q14
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
Travis
White fleshed
Accession 87
Hawaii
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-17
Q95-3
Red Abundance
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
Marketable
Yield
(t/ha)
Total
Yield
(t/ha)
MMRW
MktRt
(g)
(no./plant)
%TotYld
<250g
%TotYld
>lkg
46.8 >
16.9 bed
40.0 Qhi
0.5 a
33.4 fghi
28.3 cdefgh
41.4 hi
25.2 cdefg
32.6 efghi
22.7 cdef
26.0 cdefg
31.6defgh
30.2 defgh
13.6 abc
7.2 ab
84.6
27.3
65.6
2.3
48.7
51.5
59.9
45.3
59.0
35.6
45.7
54.7
52.4
29.8
27.7
524
484
483
370
484
399
437
438
451
409
455
425
334
380
364
5.0
2.8
4.6
0.1
3.9
3.9
5.1
3.2
4.1
3.1
3.0
4.3
4.9
1.8
1.1
9.4
32.7
18.4
73.8
15.1
40.6
21.1
33.7
24.5
32.1
30.6
32.6
42.4
50.8
70.0
35.8
5.6
20.5
0.0
16.7
5.4
7.5
11.3
20.3
3.6
10.0
5.6
0.6
1.2
1.8
29.6 defgh
18.5 bedef
42.4 hi
30.2 defgh
22.4 cdef
14.3 abc
31.1 defgh
18.4 bede
67.4
29.0
59.4
51.5
35.3
23.7
48.5
32.6
506
571
428
512
506
468
472
445
3.3
1.7
5.2
3.7
2.3
1.6
3.4
2.1
8.8
10.4
19.7
13.1
19.8
29.3
13.3
28.2
47.3
27.6
9.5
27.5
16.8
7.9
23.1
13.2
**
103
**
1.99
**
14.95
**
24.49
**
17.54
**
16.12

Trial summation
Hernandez, Beauregard and Centennial had similar marketable yield but were higher
than Beerwah Gold. They were also similar to most of the new seedling test lines.
The attractive siblings L93-93Q14 and L93-93Q24 show promise but appear to be
later maturing. Beauregard had an unusually heavy yield of excessively large roots.
Garnet was extremely disappointing.
15
Marketable root number per plant (MktRt), mean yield of roots less than 250g and
mean yield of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Gatton
Research Station 1999-2000.
Variety
Orange fleshed
Beauregard
Beerwah Gold
Hernandez
Hung Loc
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-1Q13
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q16
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q7
NC-3
White fleshed
Accession 87
Hawaii
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-3
WSPF
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
Marketable
Yield
(t/ha)
Total
Yield
(t/ha)
MMRW
MktRt
(g)
(no./plant)
%TotYld %TotYld
<250g
>lkg
24.0 abed
31.9 bedefg
36.7 defgh
47.6 h
36.6 defgh
37.6 efgh
10.8 a
41.0 fgh
23.6 abed
35.8 defgh
31.7 bedefg
31.3 bedefg
32.7 cdefg
44.8
61.3
58.3
63.4
55.5
58.4
15.2
64.4
48.1
57.2
48.1
51.9
58.4
507
535
468
495
476
416
489
384
439
476
514
491
511
2.1
2.7
3.6
4.3
3.7
4.0
1.0
4.9
2.4
3.3
2.9
3.1
2.9
18.9
19.0
24.7
13.7
23.2
34.4
14.5
36.2
49.5
28.7
23.9
26.2
22.1
27.5
29.4
11.7
11.4
10.1
2.3
14.1
0.0
1.2
10.9
8.9
13.8
23.0
20.9 abc
26.5 abede
19.1 ab
39.6 efgh
42.6 gh
28.4 bedef
60.7
50.5
44.1
84.3
64.7
49.6
530
538
346
562
516
484
1.8
2.3
2.5
3.2
3.7
2.7
12.2
25.9
50.2
11.1
10.7
29.6
53.8
23.0
6.9
42.4
22.7
11.1
**
98
**
1.15
**
13.40
**
15.50
**
13.76
**
14.42

Trial summation
Hernandez had a similar marketable yield to most other lines.
The white fleshed lines Northern Star and Accession 87 were early maturing and had
a significant yield of excessively large roots. Kestle however had lower total yield
and smaller roots.
Beauregard and Beerwah Gold performed quite differently from the previous year.
16
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Bundaberg Research Station
1999-2000.
Variety
Marketable
Total MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld %TotYld
Yield
Yield
<250g
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
Beauregard
Centennial
Hernandez
L86-33Q5
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q7
Travis
White fleshed
Accession 87
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-3
17.0 f
7.8 cde
6.9 cd
6.7 cd
11.8e
11.8e
1.9 ab
5.7 bed
0.0 a
24.0
15.8
16.5
24.3
26.0
18.9
12.1
18.6
5.4
428
382
326
320
349
413
301
325
nil
1.8
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.3
0.3
0.8
0.0
30.0
51.6
59.1
72.1
55.6
38.5
70.0
84.4
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.4 e
8.1 cde
27.6 9
4.4 be
9.4 de
17.8
14.1
40.1
13.8
14.9
382
404
482
439
328
1.4
0.9
2.6
0.6
1.0
35.9
42.6
16.0
30.6
68.4
0.0
0.0
15.5
6.8
0.0
LSD(P=0.05)
4.287
4.26
64
0.429
13.42 .
6.26
Trial summation
Low yields in this trial may be attributed to biotic and abiotic stress. The Beauregard
siblings L86-33Q5 and L86-33Q7 had a similar marketable yield to Hernandez but a
higher total yield indicating potential for greater yield. L93-93Q24 did not perform as
well as it has in other trials.
17
mean yield of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Southedge
Research Station 1997.
Variety
Marketable
Total
MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld %TotYld
Yield
Yield
<250g
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
Centennial
L86-33Q5
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q7
10.9 ab
8.6 a
44.5 e
37.9 de
35.6 cde
24.7 bed
21.8 abc
35.9 cde
18.3 ab
14.5 ab
10.0 ab
25.7
28.8
68.6
61.9
57.8
42.2
35.8
60.7
36.1
33.8
21.4
403
383
482
510
463
422
411
387
443
368
441
1.2
1.0
4.1
3.3
3.5
2.6
2.0
4.2
1.9
1.8
1.0
59.9
69.6
24.7
9.7
31.1
37.9
51.2
38.2
40.1
57.1
50.7
Significance
**
**
NS
**
**
LSD(P=0.05)
15.85
15.36
1.39
22.59
0.0
0.0
12.1
28.3
6.9
3.4
0.0
3.0
8.8
0.0
3.3
**
14.03
Trial summation
Lines L86-33Q7, L88-33Q8, L93-7Q3 and L93-93Q14 were the outstanding lines in
this trial being better than Centennial. L86-33Q7 and L93-93Q14 had the most
attractive roots. L86-33Q8 has thin vine tips less suitable for taking tip cuttings.
18
Research Station 1998.
Variety
Orange fleshed
Centennial
Eureka
Garnet
Hernandez
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L86-33Q9
L93-190Q14
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
Marketable
Yield
(t/ha)
Total
Yield
(t/ha)
MMRW
MktRt
(g)
(no./plant)
26.3 def
15.0 abc
10.7 a
18.0 abcde
20.7 abcde
21.7 bcde
28.4 ef
25.6 cdef
35.6 f
21.8 bcde
13.8 ab
10.4 a
17.3 abed
15.5 abc
12.8 ab
**
10.63
48.8
36.3
22.1
36.4
36.7
32.7
47.2
55.6
61.8
45.1
33.7
17.4
40.6
32.7
26.6
**
16.83
506
483
525
519
416
542
533
494
528
480
517
446
416
455
401
NS
2.5
1.9
1.1
1.5
2.3
2.0
2.6
2.4
3.0
2.3
1.5
1.2
2.2
1.5
1.7
**
0.91
%TotYld
<250g
%TotYld
>lkg
24.3
49.9
45.0
37.8
34.4
24.7
17.4
32.4
23.4
34.3
63.0
37.7
57.2
42.8
48.1
NS
22.1
8.2
7.1
17.4
9.1
8.4
21.8
20.7
18.8
17.9
0.0
3.7
0.0
11.6
2.7
NS

Trial summation
While L93-1Q17 had the highest yield of marketable roots it was not statistically
greater to that of Centennial or Hernandez. L86-33Q7, L86-33Q8, L86-33Q9, L93190-Q14, L93-7Q3 and L93-93-Q14 all had similar yield to both Hernandez and
Centennial.
19
Research Station 1999 first harvest.
Marketable
Yield
(t/ha)
Yield
>250g
(t/ha)
MMRW
MktRt
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
Centennial
Hernandez
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q7
24.3 bcde
25.5 de
16.4 abc
27.4 de
41.8 f
14.4 a
24.3 bcde
15.8 ab
24.9 cde
20.7 abed
14.8 a
25.2
28.9
16.4
29.7
45.9
14.4
26.6
15.8
24.9
21.6
15.6
440
420
384
426
491
426
494
380
409
390
388
2.5
2.7
1.9
2.9
3.8
1.6
2.2
1.9
2.8
2.3
1.7
2.6
9.6
0.0
8.7
9.2
0.0
9.3
0.0
0.0
3.3
4.8
White fleshed
Accession 87
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-3
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
22.2 abed
28.5 de
31.6 e
25.2 de
25.3 de
**
8.81
36.3
28.5
58.2
30.2
30.7
**
12.33
2.0
2.9
2.7
2.6
2.3
**
0.82
33.3
0.0
40.2
16.3
16.5
**
16.44
Variety
530
448
523
431
* 480
** .
80
%TotYld
<250ga
%Yield
>lkg

a
data in this category not determined
Trial summation
L93-1Q17 was the heaviest yielding orangefleshedline and this highlighted its capacity for
early maturity. Hernandez and L86-33Q9 also exhibited high yield.
Northern Star, Q95-14 and Q95-3 had similar marketable yield.
20
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Southedge Research Station
1999 second harvest.
%TotYld
Variety
Marketable
MMRW
MktRt
Total
%TotYld
<250g
Yield
Yield
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(no./plant)
(g)
Orange fleshed
22.5 abcde
Centennial
2.3
30.7
38.1
9.5
446
29.1 cde
3.0
27.1
Hernandez
42.1
3.9
437
16.5 a
1.8
54.8
L86-33Q7
37.5
421
1.7
30.6 de
3.1
24.8
L86-33Q9
42.5
3.7
443
16.4
L93-1Q17
42.0 f
3.9
17.3
63.4
484
20.4 abc
L93-7Q3
2.3
54.4
0.0
44.2
425
20.5 abed
1.8
31.6
L93-93Q12
31.4
5.8
518
15.7
a
L93-93Q14
1.8
59.9
0.0
39.0
384
22.6 abcde
2.4
43.2
L93-93Q24
39.8
418
0.0
27.9 bede
35.7
L93-93Q9
2.3
3.5
45.5
437
14.6
a
L93-9Q7
44.5
1.5
0.0
25.8
455
White fleshed
Accession 87
24.3 abcde
2.1
11.2
50.5
524
40.1
18.1 ab
2.4
47.5
Kestle
34.4
1.8
409
31.2
e
Northern Star
2.4
6.5
68.2
46.7
597
30.3 cde
Q95-14
2.8
33.9
51.8
6.8
481
27.5 bede
Q95-3
3.0
21.8
11.2
41.3
413
**
**
**
**
**
**
Significance
10.14
1.01
13.51
LSD(P=0.05)
11.58
70
14.03
significant at P=i0.01
Trial summation
L93-1Q17 was the heaviest yielding orange fleshed line and had higher yield than either
Centennial and Hernandez which had similar marketable yield. All other seedlings had
similar marketable yield to that of Centennial with L86-33Q9 being the heaviest yielding of
these.Q95-3 had similar marketable yield to other white fleshed lines.
21
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweetpotato varietal trial grown at Southedge Research Station
1999 third harvest.
Variety
Marketable Total Yield MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld
%TotYld
Yield
<250g
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
27.8 bcdef
Centennial
41.3
459
2.7
29.0
3.8
28.0 cdef
2.6
32.2
Hernandez
40.2
477
1.5
17.2
ab
418
1.9
50.0
L86-33Q7
34.3
0.0
21.4
L86-33Q9
36.9 f
49.8
459
3.6
4.2
4.0
36.4 f
58.2
416
26.0
L93-1Q17
12.7
15.3
a
61.2
L93-7Q3
39.7
383
1.8
1.4
27.8 bcdef
L93-93Q12
530
2.4
30.2
45.4
9.7
15.9 a
L93-93Q14
40.1
362
2.0
63.4
0.0
23.1 abed
L93-93Q24
401
2.6
42.0
43.8
0.0
19.5
abc
432
2.1
49.8
L93-93Q9
42.8
5.2
19.6 abc
411
L93-9Q7
29.5
2.1
34.6
0.0
White fleshed
Accession 87
35.7 f
55.0
604
2.7
11.4
22.4
27.0 bcdef
Kestle
44.5
442
2.7
37.3
3.3
30.6 def
2.4
Northern Star
580
68.6
6.8
46.0
23.8 abede
Q95-14
44.1
473
2.3
32.2
13.4
33.9
ef
3.0
Q95-3
46.8
505
16.9
9.5
**
**
**
**
**
**
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
10.61
75
1.03
16.61
13.47
12.05
Trial summation
L93-1Q17 and L86-33-9 were the heaviest yielding orange fleshed lines and had higher yield
than either Centennial or Hernandez, though not being significant at p= 0.05. All other
seedlings had similar marketable yield to that of Centennial.
22
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Southedge Research Station
1999 fourth harvest.
Marketable
Yield >250g MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld
%TotYld
Variety
Yield
<250ga
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
30.8 bcdefg
Centennial
482
2.9
16.3
37.8
31.0 bcdefg
Hernandez
2.8
14.8
498
36.6
22.3 abc
L86-33Q7
2.5
3.6
394
23.1
10.5
L86-33Q9
3.6
41.2 9
510
46.5
54.9 h
28.3
L93-1Q17
4.4
558
76.3
15.7 a
L93-7Q3
0.0
390
1.8
15.7
32.3 cdefg
13.0
L93-93Q12
510
2.9
39.5
18.2
ab
L93-93Q14
2.2
0.0
18.2
379
27.7 abcdef
L93-93Q24
14.9
446
2.8
32.7
23.7 abed
11.9
L93-93Q9
2.3
27.4
473
27.0
abede
L93-9Q7
3.1
2.7
27.8
443
White fleshed
43.1
Accession 87
36.3 defg
3.0
65.5
579
35.5 defg
Kestle
3.4
22.7
475
45.4
34.3 cdefg
Northern Star
55.3
506
3.0
74.8
Q95-14
9.5
40.1 fg
3.9
45.5
469
37.0 efg
14.1
Q95-3
3.6
43.9
471
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
**
12.9
77
14.54
1.20

significant at P=0.01.
a
data in this category not determined
Trial summation
Accession 87, L93-1Q17 and Northern Star were heavy yielding early maturing varieties
producing an excessively large proportion of oversized roots when harvested after their
optimal crop maturity.
23
19.23
of roots greater than 1 kg of sweet potato varietal trial grown at Rockhampton harvested June
8 1998.
Variety
Marketable
Total Yield MMRW
MktRt
%TotYld
%TotYld
Yield
<250g
>lkg
(t/ha)
(t/ha)
(g)
(no./plant)
Orange fleshed
17.1 c
28.5
415
2.9
50.9
Centennial
13.6
14.9 be
34.7
459
2.5
20.2
Eureka
0.0
12.3 abc
437
3.7
Garnet
23.1
32.3
3.8
15.3 be
450
1.8
15.9
29.1
2.5
Hernandez
4.8 abc
18.1
337
1.0
55.0
Travis
0.0
10.5 abc
19.3
408
1.7
41.7
16.1
L86-33-Q7
13.4 c
3.1
20.1
355
66.9
0.0
L86-33-Q8
18.8
ab
28.9
390
1.9
36.2
L86-33-Q9
11.9
6.7 c
13.4
482
1.8
50.0
L93-190-Q14
12.1
18.8 abc
31.1
450
1.5
32.7
L93-1-Q17
13.5
11.1 a
19.0
1.1
396
54.8
L93-7-Q3
4.7
4.9 abc
13.3
369
1.8
80.2
L93-8-Q3
0.0
12.9 a
21.0
358
3.1
68.7
9.2
L93-93-Q12
4.4 abc
18.4
461
2.9
30.2
0.0
L93-93-Q14
10.0
ab
19.0
465
1.8
30.7
L93-93-Q24
4.9
7.6 a
14.8
377
1.9
92.6
0.0
L93-93-Q9
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
*
9.26
*
1L9
NS
NS
NS
**
9^1

Trial summation
No test lines were superior to Centennial or Hernandez, which were similar. Heat at
planting reduced emergence and vigour and subsequently yield.
Table 14. Summary olr marketab e yield (tonnes ha") across trials for selected lines under evaluation
Variety3
Redands
1998/99
48.6
26.9
35.2
Redands
1999/00
48.9
41.4
29.8
Gatton
1998/99
28.3
41.4
25.2
Gatton
1999/00
36.6
37.6
Bundaberg
99/00
6.8
11.8
11.8
-
31.3
5.6
L86-33Q5
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L86-33Q9
Redands
1997/98
30.0
24.5
28.5
L93-93-Q7
L93-93-Q9
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
11.6
7.4
20.7
26.5
50.9
15.3
30.3
13.6
29.1
32.5
30.19
31.6
30.2
31.7
1.9
33.8
48.2
39.0
38.3
30.2
39.6
27.6
39.7
20.0
25.5
42.1
63.0
42.4
18.5
31.1
33.4
41.5
14.4
46.5
59.0
65.7
28.4
19.1
26.5
42.6
41.0
52.4
53.5
36.3
25.0
37.6
L87-59
Northern
Star
WSPF
Kestle
Hawaii
Q95-3
L93-1Q17
Hernandez
Centennial
Beerwah
Gold
Beauregard
27.0
35.2
33.4
40.0
16.9
36.7
Southedge
1997
8.6
44.5
37.9
-
Southedge
1998
20.7
21.7
28.4
S
1
-
14.5
21.8
35.9
18.3
12.8
10.4
17.3
15.5
2
2
1
2
8.1
9.4
6.9
7.8
35.6
2
4
18.0
26.3
2
2
31.9
24.0
17.0
Data is only statistically comparable within each column. LSD values are presented in tables 2-14.
26
5.3.
Varietal maturity
Varietal maturity data is presented in table 15. The table includes marketable yield as well as yield of
roots greater than 1kg. The table highlights Northern Star, L93-1Q17, Q95-14, Q95-3 and L86-33Q9 as
early maturing varieties. These varieties not only produced the highest yields at Harvest 1 but had at least
some yield component in the >lkg root class at this harvest. The yields for Northern Star in this class
were exceptionally high (26.6 tonne/ha) highlighting the particularly early maturing nature of this variety.
Table 15. Comparison of marketable yield and oversize roots for sweet potato trial across four harvest
dates (HI, H2, H3 and H4) at Southedge Research Station 1999.
Marketable yield (tonne ha"1)
Yield roots >1 kg
Maturity
1
(tonnes ha" )
Variety
Orange fleshed
Centennial
Hernandez
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q7
White fleshed
Accession87
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-3
HI
H2
H3
H4
HI
H2
H3
H4
24.3
25.5
16.4
27.4
41.8
14.4
24.3
15.8
24.9
20.7
14.8
22.5
29.1
16.5
30.6
42.0
20.4
20.5
15.7
22.6
27.9
14.6
27.8
28.0
17.2
36.9
36.4
15.3
27.8
15.9
23.1
19.5
19.6
30.8
31.0
22.3
41.2
54.9
15.7
32.3
18.2
27.7
23.7
27.0
0.9
3.4
0.0
2.3
4.1
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.9
0.8
4.5
1.8
0.7
1.7
11.1
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
2.3
0.9
0.0
2.3
8.2
0.7
4.5
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
7.0
5.6
0.8
5.3
21.4
0.0
7.2
0.0
5.0
3.7
0.8
M
M
L
M
E
L
M
L
M
L
L
22.2
28.5
31.6
25.2
25.3
24.3
18.1
31.2
30.3
27.5
35.7
27.0
30.6
23.8
33.9
36.3
35.5
34.3
40.1
37.0
14.2
0.0
26.6
5.0
5.4
20.6
0.7
32.8
4.1
4.9
13.4
1.7
33.7
6.1
5.5
29.2
9.9
40.5
5.4
6.9
E
M
E
M
M
*E denotes eariy
M denotes medium
L denotes late
For most varieties the trend was for marketable yield to increase over the 4 harvests with the
exception of those very early maturing varieties such as Northern Star, Hernandez, L86-33Q9,
L93-1Q17. With these varieties marketable yield tended to peak at the first or second harvest as
in subsequent harvest much of the yield was in the greater than 1kg and hence unmarketable
range. Some varieties only achieved their maximum marketable yield at harvest 4 viz. L93-9Q7,
Q95-14, L86-33Q7 and Kestle. This highlighted these varieties need to be grown for longer
periods in order to achieve greater yields of marketable roots. The table highlights that one of the
great advantages of Hernandez, Q95-14 and Q95-3 are their early maturity but low propensity for
producing oversize roots when mature. Some varieties, particulalrly Northern Star L93-1Q17 and
Accession 87, produce too many oversize roots when mature.
27
5.4.
Virus Indexing
Evaluated lines are currently held at various stages of development as per Table 16.
Table 16. Sweet potato lines virus indexed, maintained and evaluated under varietal evaluation
project and maintenance status for each line.
In Glasshouse
Garnet
L87-59
L93-93Q7
L93-1Q17
L86-33Q5
L93-93Q24
L93-1Q18
L86-33Q9
Q95-17
L93-1Q13
L86-33Q7
Accession 87
L93-9Q16
One Moon
Q95-3
L93-93Q9
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q14
Beauregard
In Seed Bed
Northern Star
Beerwah Gold
WSPF
Kestle
Hawaii
Beauregard
L93-9Q16
L86-33Q7
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q9
L87-59
Hung Loc 4
Centennial
Q95-3
L86-33Q9
Hernandez
Mother Plants
WSPF
Centennial
Kestle
L70-323
Travis
NC-3
Coleambally
Hung Loc
Beerwah Gold
Beauregard
Hawaii
Northern Star
Rojo Blanco
Eureka
Resisto
Red Abundance
Centennial
Tissue Culture
Kestle
Garnet
Beerwah Gold
NC-3
Rojo Blanco
L70-323
Red Abundance
Centennial
Coleambally
Resisto
Hernandez
Hung Loc 4
WSPF
Northern Star
Hawaii
Beauregard
L87-59
Q95-3
One Moon
19 Lines
161ines
171ines
191ines
Over the last 5-10 years Beauregard has become the dominant commercial variety. The features
of this variety are its pink smooth skin, shallow eyes and deep orange flesh colour. Commercial
plantings are not true to type and are rife with feathery mottle virus. This project has successfully
reintroduced Beauregard and made virus free planting material available to industry.
28
6. Conclusions and Recommendations

The Queensland DPI in conjunction with QFVG and HRDC has developed a suite of new sweet potato
varieties which are now tailored for different consumer preferences. This project has evaluated and
facilitated the commercial release of many pathogen free varieties including, Northern Star, Hernandez,
Hawaii, WSPF, Beauregard, Eureka, Garnet and Hung Loc. As well as these varieties that have been
released there will be several new varieties released in the near future. These will include Q95-3, L9393Q24, L93-93Q14, L86-33Q7, L86-33Q9 and L87-59. Material of these varieties will be made available
in small quantities to commercial growers over the next season.
To this point in time the sweet potato industry has been reliant on growing varieties less suited to changed
consumer preferences. With these changing consumer trends the sweet potato has become increasingly
popular in the market place.
The development of these new varieties has increased profitability in some market sectors. For example,
Northern Star and WSPF have met specific and growing market niches for white fleshed and white
skinned varieties, respectively. However, these new varieties each appear to have specific cultural
requirements in order to produce more roots of marketable size. For example, Northern Star although
being exceptionally well received in the market place tends to produce very large roots that are prone to
cracking.
In general, roots tend to be over or undersize and shape within a varietal selection can be uneven. There is
also some variation in flesh and skin colour, which restricts the growers ability to produce a consistent line
of produce. The expression of shape, size, colour, number of roots and cracking is not only a function of
genetic traits but is equally related to agronomic practices.
Further research is required to investigate improved agronomic practices in new sweet potato varieties that
will enable growers to produce more roots of marketable size and quality. The reselection of genetic
material on current sweetpotato varieties is also required to improve quality traits, as these varieties are
likely to have suffered genetic drift.
Agronomic practices such as timing and rate of fertiliser application, timing of irrigation in relation to root
initiation and plant spacing all dramatically influence the quality of roots.
29
7. Bibliography
Harper, T.W. (1990). Sweet potato agronomy in Queensland. A review of experiments conducted
between 1974 and 1989. Queensland Department of Primary industries.
Huaman Z. (1991). Descriptors for Sweet Potato. International Potato Center.
30
8. Acknowledgments
The financial assistance of the peak industry bodies HRDC, QFVG and AusVeg is gratefully
acknowledged. The assistance of the following people is also acknowledged.
The farm managers, Stuart Scott (Redlands), Andrew Dati (Southedge), David Schofield
(Gatton) and David Lack (Bundaberg) and their farm management staff, who helped grow and
harvest trials.
Ms. Gaye Biddle, Ms Jenny Moisander and Mr. Denis Persley for their work on tissue culture and
virus indexing.
Mr. Jerry Lovatt for his assistance in field day organisation and trial evaluation.
Mr. George Bollen a sweet potato grower who provided some material in the program.
Mr. Rodney Wolfenden grower who grew the field evaluation trial at Rockhampton.
Mr. Enore Querin who also grew preliminary trials in the Mareeba district.
Mr Bill O'Donnell for his assistance in planting and harvesting trials at Gatton, Rockhampton
and Bundaberg.
Ms. Jill Ferguson for her assistance in planting and harvesting the trial at Rockhampton.
Dr. Ken Jackson who was project leader in year 1 of this project.
31
Appendix 1 Benchmark Site and Agronomic data for trials

Benchmark Data for the Gatton Research Station
1. Location of Trials
Longitude: 15220' East; Latitude : 2733' South
Altitude : 95 m
Field: flat, open, irrigated
2. General soil data

Texture
pH
Organic matter
Total Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Potassium
:
:
:
:
:
clay loam to light clay

neutral
medium
medium-high
high to very high
medium
A. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1998-1999

3. Trial/cropping Period
Planting Date
: 21 December 1998
Harvesting Date : 27 May 1999
Age of Crop to harvest : 22.57 weeks
4. Meteorological data
Month
Mean Air T
Mean Ground T
Rainfall (mm)
%RH
26.0
24.9
24.1
24.1
19.6
18.0
18.4
18.0
17.6
17.0
10.9
9.4
17.0
157.0
176.2
97.0
10.9
42.7
72.0
75.4
79.3
78.4
69.8
81.4
December
January
February
March
April
May
5. Abiotic Stresses
Nil
6. Biotic Stresses
Nil
7. Agronomic practices
Spacing in row 300 mm, inter-row 1.5 m
Plot size : 20 plants/plot, 1 plot/rep; 3 replicates
Fertiliser management Nil
32
Pest Management
Dual= 3 1/ha
Lorsban = 700 ml/ha
Water management
Irrigation = 327 kl
B. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999-2000

3.
Trial/cropping Period
Planting Date
: 29 November 1999
Harvesting Date : 12 May 2000
Age of Crop to harvest : 23.71 weeks
Month
Mean Air T
Mean Ground T
Rainfall (mm)
%RH
21.8
24.3
23.2
23.7
21.4
19.6
14.3
16.8
15.5
15.6
14.0
12.1
153.8
84.1
19.7
23.8
17.7
24.1
67.6
71.0
74.0
77.3
74.8
79.0
December
January
February
March
April
May
5. Abiotic Stresses
Nil
6. Biotic Stresses
Nil
Spacing : in row 300 mm inter-row 1.5 m
Plot size : 10 plants/row; 1 row/rep; 4 replicates
Fertiliser management
Potassium nitrate at 100 kg per ha at 5 weeks after planting
Zinctrac = 11/ha
Bortrac = 21/ha
Pest Management
Fusilade = 1 1/ha
Lorsban = 700 ml/ha
Thiodan = 2.11/ha
Water management
Irrigation = 493 kl
33
Benchmark Data for the Redlands Research Station
1. Location of Trial
Longitude: 15314' East; Latitude : 2731' South
Altitude : 24 m
Field: flat, open, irrigated
2. Soil data
Texture
: red brown Clay Loam
pH
:5.3
Organic matter (%)
2.7%
Available P (ppm)
Exchangeable K (me/lOOg soil) : -
A. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1998

Planting Date
: 3/11/1997
Harvesting Date : 23/3/98
Age of Crop to harvest : 20 weeks
B.
Meteorological data
Month
Mean Air T
Mean Ground T
Rainfall (mm)
MeanRH
26.5
29.0
29.6
30.1
29.1
16.3
20.2
19.7
16.3
131
116
71
162
101
87
69
66
72
65
November
December
January
February
March
5.
Abiotic Stresses Nil
6.
Biotic Stresses
Sweet potato white fly strain B caused minor damage

Sweet potato weevil
Spacing : Rows= 1.3 m apart; Plants= 0.3 m apart

: Data obtained from 8 plants
3/11/97 Pre-plant application: Muriate of Potash at 360 kg/ha
13/11/97 Foliar spray Boron
20/11/97 Foliar spray molybdenum
28/11/97 Urea 135 kg/ha
34
Pest Management
Confidor = sprayed February - May
Lorsban = sprayed April
B. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999

3.
4.
Planting Date
: 15 January 1999
Harvesting Date : 16 June 1999
Meteorological data
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
Mean Air T
Mean Ground T
Rainfall (mm)
%RH
29.0
28.1
27.9
24.7
23.3
20.5
18.8
18.8
18.6
11.8
13.5
9.5
135
244
169
73
126
120
68
80
86
79
86
80
867
Total
5.
6.
7.

Biotic Stresses
Sweet potato white fly Strain B
Agronomic practices
Pre-plant application: Muriate of Potash at 640 kg/ha
Foliar spray
: Zinc sulphate and Solubor
Pest Management
Confidor = sprayed February - May
Lorsban = sprayed April
Water management
Irrigation : total of 254 mm from January to April
C. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999- 2000

Planting Date
: 08 December 1999
Harvesting Date
: 03 May 2000
35
4.
Meteorological data
Month
Mean Air T
Mean Ground T
Rainfall (mm)
%RH
26.0
27.98
27.1
27.9
25.4
14.1
18.1
17.2
18.1
15.9
74
150
133
63
64
64
65.4
67
73
61
December
January
February
March
April
Total
484
5.
Abiotic Stresses
Nil
6.
Biotic Stresses
Nil
7.
Agronomic practices

Pre-plant application
Side Dress
Dolomite at 600 kg/ha

Muriate of potash at 270 kg K/ha
Pest Management
Lorsban = sprayed in December, March and April
Water management
Irrigation : total of 240 mm from December to March
36
Benchmark Data for the Southedge Research Station
Longitude: 14520' East
Altitude : 450 m
Latitude
6. Soil data
: sandy loam
Texture
: 6.2
PH
Organic matter (%)
: low
Available P (ppm)
Exchangeable K (me/lOOg soil) :
A. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1997

Planting Date
: April 1997
Harvesting Date : August 1997
4.
Meteorological data
Month
Mean Air T
Mean Soil T
(20 cm)
Rainfall (mm)
%RH
April
May
June
July
August
19.85
18.35
17.1
16.7
16.45
24.2
22.7
21.9
20.0
20.5
24
49
9
9
12
86
85
85
85
82
5.
8.
Biotic Stresses Nil
Pre-plant application: Incitec Tobacco 6 Mg
Foliar spray
: Zn
Pest Management : Carbaryl
Water management
Irrigation : 184 mm
37
B. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999

4.
Planting Date
: 22 March 1999
Harvesting Date :
Harvest 1
Harvest 2
Harvest 3
Harvest 4
9 August 1999
16 August 1999
23 August 1999
30 August 1999
Month
Mean Air T
Mean Soil T
(20 cm)
Rainfall (mm)
%RH
26.3
24.6
25.35
23.15
21.25
26.9
25.2
26.0
24.5
22.9
170
55
11
23
3
78
75
76
74
74
February
March
April
May
June
5. Abiotic Stresses Nil

7.
7.
Biotic Stresses Nil

Agronomic practices
Spacing : Rows=
1.22 m apart; Plants= 0.46 m apart
Pre-plant application: Incitec Tobacco 6 Mg (1.2 kg/20 m row)
Pest Management
Dual at 1 1/ha
Carbaryl
Water management
Irrigation : A total of 184 mm for the whole crop duration
Benchmark Data for the Bundaberg Research Station

Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999-2000
Longitude:
Altitude :
Field
:
152 20'East
approx 30m
flat, open, irrigated
Latitude : 2 4 5 2 '
2. Soil data
38
Texture
: light clay
pH
:
6.5
Organic Carbon mg/kg
:
1.1
Nitrate nitrogen mg/kg
:
4.1
7.0
Sulfur mg/kg
:
Phosphorus (colwell) mg/kg:
185
Potassium meq/1 OOg
:
0.69
Calcium meq/1 OOg
:
7.75
Magnesium meq/1 OOg
2.09
Sodium meq/lOOg
:
0.12
Chlorine mg/kg
:
5.0
Electrical conductivity dS.m
0.05
copper mg/kg
9.2
Zinc mg/kg
:
5.3
manganese mg/kg
:
81.0
Iron mg/kg
:
12.0
Boron mg/kg
:
2.4
3.
4.
Planting Date
: 17 November 1999
Harvesting Date : 04 April 2000
Meteorological data
Month
November
December
January
February
March
April
5. Abiotic Stresses
6.
Mean Air T
Mean Soil T
21.70
22.61
24.35
24.26
24.12
21.96
23.49
26.82
26.49
28.02
27.59
25.64
Total Rainfall (mm)

93.0
152.6
114.0
144.2
75.2
46.8
Nil
Biotic Stresses
whitefly = severe during the root development stage
Pre-plant application:
Nitrogen 42kg/ha
Phosphorus 56kg/ha
Potassium 150kg/ha
Nitrogen was broadcast at 20kg/ha at both 6 and 10 weeks after planting. (Prior to irrigation)
39
Pest Management
Confidor - applied through trickle irrigation in March against whitefly
Water management
Irrigation : overhead - 225 mm from November to February
Trickle -101 mm/m of row (6x in March) w/ Confidor against whitefly
40
Appendix 2 Detailed regional trial yield data.

Appendix 2a.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mk
number per plant across weight grades for sweetpotato varietal trial grown at Redlands Research Station 199
Weight in tonnes per hectare
Variety
Total Yld
MktYld
<250g
250600g-lkg
>lkg
MktRt
250g-lkg
600g
250g-lkg
3.69
5.89
9.74
25.55
50.43
24.88
66.05
Centennial
0.00
3.09
27.24
25.94
4.39
30.33
Eureka
57.57
0.00
1.37
7.80
15.62
8.52
Garnet
31.93
24.13
2.04
3.75
9.52
29.62
22.79
52.40
Hernandez
63.97
5.10
2.19
8.60
38.34
27.43
5.81
18.83
Kestle
55.27
3.78
61.42
4.55
19.96
41.47
L70-323
121.24
0.00
2.22
16.74
13.25
12.11
L86-33Q7
42.09
29.98
0.00
2.09
11.48
16.95
7.53
L86-33Q8
35.95
24.48
2.62
4.21
10.62
26.14
9.42
50.38
35.56
L86-33Q9
1.12
0.95
L93-190Q14
5.58
8.78
3.13
18.44
11.90
2.44
8.35
9.37
16.62
L93-1Q17
51.10
33.38
16.76
3.01
5.35
0.87
L93-7Q3
38.06
25.83
11.36
20.48
0.00
0.69
9.20
6.11
2.05
L93-8Q3
17.36
8.16
0.00
0.75
0.53
L93-93Q12
15.65
7.37
8.27
6.85
0.00
2.06
L93-93Q14
22.66
17.20
3.53
20.73
43.39
2.41
L93-93Q24
13.65
19.62
6.92
2.85
43.03
26.54
L93-93Q9
11.04
0.56
0.00
1.28
26.80
11.61
15.19
Northern Star
89.10
33.80
3.62
12.92
20.89
51.68
2.00
Red Abundance
20.10
11.82
8.28
0.00
0.94
9.30
2.53
Travis
21.35
6.82
14.53
6.82
0.00
0.78
0.00
|H V J l l l K ^
LSD(P=0.05)
* *
17.63
'** *
15.37
*P *
PI*
1*'1*
H"P
* T
4.64
9.04
9.03
10.01
0.94
NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes significant at P=0.01
41
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Appendix 2d.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mk
number per plant across weight grades for sweetpotato varietal trial grown at Gatton Research Station 1998-1
R
Variety
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L86-33Q9
L93-190Q14
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
Accession 87
Beauregard
Beerwah Gold
Centennial
Eureka
Garnet
Hawaii
Hernandez
Kestle
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-17
Q95-3
Red Abundance
Travis
V-< O T l ' I T I O f l T l f ' f *
Total Yld
51.5
59.9
45.3
59.0
35.6
45.7
54.7
52.4
29.8
67.4
84.6
27.3
65.6
32.4
2.3
29.0
48.7
59.4
51.5
35.3
23.7
48.5
32.6
27.7
T"P
MktYld
250g-lkg
28.3
41.4
25.2
32.6
22.7
26.0
31.6
30.2
13.6
29.6
46.8
16.9
40.0
20.0
0.5
18.5
33.4
42.4
30.2
22.4
14.3
31.1
18.4
7.2
'P'P
10.52
4.03
5.36
6.84
3.20
6.25
9.20
7.60
7.50
0.35
2.19
3.67
4.98
3.86
1.31
0.18
3.79
3.51
2.21
3.02
1.42
2.39
3.34
6.25
150250g
9.93
8.24
8.67
7.69
8.60
10.84
11.30
14.76
8.26
6.23
5.30
5.48
7.08
3.75
0.51
2.34
3.66
7.69
4.41
3.81
5.34
4.13
4.60
13.44
250600g
21.81
30.61
18.13
20.93
17.51
18.38
20.00
21.73
12.20
18.50
19.08
10.65
23.16
11.73
0.52
8.64
23.07
30.78
18.30
11.16
9.39
20.29
12.56
6.85
T*%
TlQ
*Ie!le
<150g
600g1kg
6.53
10.82
7.06
11.70
5.16
7.60
11.56
8.43
1.36
11.09
27.75
6.28
16.83
8.25
0.00
9.81
10.29
11.61
11.91
11.20
4.89
10.77
5.84
0.61
!
P!P
2.73
6.17
6.05
11.89
1.12
2.61
2.61
0.39
0.48
31.24
30.27
1.25
13.53
4.84
0
8
7.85
5.83
14.71
6.15
2.66
10.92
6.30
0.83
MktRt
250g-lkg
3.88
5.06
3.21
4.13
3.06
3.04
4.25
4.94
1.76
3.25
4.98
2.84
4.57
2.21
0.08
1.67
3.85
5.24
3.65
2.25
1.64
3.39
2.12
1.13
1e!F
T T
>lkg
LSD(P=0.05)
24.49
14.95
4.47
12.01
7.09
8.20
1.99
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00
ft
o
4^
VO
o
^
o
p -> p 0
2 p p p p p p p o o o o o p i
bo b so it> ^ k l ( J \ ' 4 i s 0 4 i v l N l b o y i w ' 4 i M b
o to u> o (^ O t 0 0 0 ^ 0 4 ^ I O U i O O t O t 0 0 4 i .
fa
CL
ft
GO
M ( A \ o * > - M i o w ^ b s j i b w M i o b b b b i o
0 0 t O t O < ^ t 0 t ^ ) 0 0 O O t O t O < - ' l ~ J 0 0 O t O O 0 0 < - f t i '
v
1
OQ
CL
3
o
Appendix 2f.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mkt
- sweetpotato varietal trial grown at Bundaberg ResearchStation 19
MktRt
250- 600-lkg
>lkg
MktYld
<150g
150Variety
Total Yld
600g
250g
0.00
0.95
6.73
0.00
10.61
6.73
6.91
L86-33Q5
24.25
1.50
0.00
11.04
0.74
6.04
8.17
11.78
L86-33Q7
25.99
0.00
1.30
8.96
2.81
2.44
4.67
L86-33Q9
18.88
11.77
0.00
0.78
5.65
0.00
6.94
5.65
6.00
L93-93Q7
18.60
0.31
0.00
1.89
0.00
L93-93Q24
1.89
4.95
5.27
12.10
1.39
0.84
0.00
10.58
4.05
Accession 87
11.42
2.37
17.83
1.78
0.00
4.21
12.08
4.88
2.86
Beauregard
24.03
16.96
0.00
0.88
1.65
6.10
Centennial
7.75
3.53
4.47
15.75
0.00
0.98
6.94
0.00
4.74
Hernandez
6.94
4.79
16.48
0.00
0.93
1.19
2.56
3.44
6.91
Kestle
14.10
8.10
6.06
2.55
Northern Star
17.28
10.30
27.58
1.86
4.57
40.07
4.36
0.00
1.26
0.95
Q95-3
1.64
3.48
14.91
9.35
0.00
0.60
Q95-14
6.88
2.47
4.35
5.99
2.67
13.83
0.00
0.00
4.22
0.00
0.00
Travis
5.42
0.00
1.20
**
**
**
**
**
#*
**
**
F value
1.56
2.68
1.55
0.43
4.26
4.29
1.84
3.31
LSD (P=0.05)
46
Appendix 2g.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (M
number per plant across weight grades for sweetpotato varietal trial grown at Southedge Research Station 1
Variety
Total Yld
Centennial
L86-33Q5
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q7
t < 0 - f l l TTf*5lt"|("*p
25.7
28.8
68.6
61.9
57.8
42.2
35.8
60.7
36.1
33.8
21.4
* Jj*
MktYld
250g-lkg
10.9
8.6
44.5
37.9
35.6
24.7
21.8
35.9
18.3
14.5
10.0
^F'F
<150g
150-250g 250-600g
8.2
9.5
7.1
3.1
9.6
8.7
6.7
13.4
8.2
9.3
3.1
6.7
10.7
9.5
2.9
8.5
7.3
7.4
9.5
6.1
10.0
7.3
*|C H*
600g-lkg
8.0
7.1
27.2
18.9
21.6
19.6
13.0
28.1
12.1
13.9
6.0
2.9
1.5
17.3
19.0
14.0
5.1
8.7
7.8
6.2
0.6
4.0
! e!
! lS
'fcsp
>lkg
Mk
250g
0.0
0.0
7.4
18.0
4.1
1.6
0.0
1.9
3.6
0.0
1.0
^fcV
LSD(P=0.05)
15.36
15.85
2.95
4.84
9.06
9.42
8.16
1.
47
Appendix 2h.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mk
Variety
Centennial
Eureka
Garnet
Hernandez
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q8
L86-33Q9
L93-190Q14
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-8Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
Total Yld
48.8
36.3
22.1
36.4
36.7
32.7
47.2
55.6
61.8
45.1
33.7
17.4
40.6
32.7
26.6
MktYld
250g-lkg
26.3
15.0
10.7
18.0
20.7
21.7
28.4
25.6
35.6
21.8
13.8
10.4
17.3
15.5
12.8
<150g
7.8
13.2
6.6
5.5
6.7
3.9
4.2
11.2
8.4
10.5
12.8
4.7
17.5
8.2
9.3
250-600g 600g-lkg
150250g
3.4
12.7
13.5
7.2
5.1
7.8
5.9
4.9
3.2
6.5
11.6
4.3
17.4
3.3
5.9
10.3
3.7
11.4
14.9
13.5
3.5
7.5
6.2
18.1
18.2
17.4
6.2
12.6
9.3
4.0
7.2
8.3
5.5
8.7
1.5
1.6
13.0
4.3
5.8
4.5
11.2
4.3
10.2
2.6
3.7
>lkg
MktR
250g-
11.4
3.0
1.6
8.5
3.4
3.4
11.2
12.6
11.6
8.8
0.0
0.8
0.0
4.5
0.8
Significance
**
**
**
*
**
**
NS
**
LSD(P=0.05)
16.83
10.63
6.01
3.03
6.94
8.08
0.9
48
Appendix 2i.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mk
Variety
Total Yld MktYld
<150ga 150-250ga 250-600g 600g-lkg
>lkg
Mkt
250g-lkg
250g0.4
14.2
14.3
36.3
22.2
Accession 87
0.5
0.9
25.2
24.3
16.7
Centennial
3.4
0.4
25.5
18.8
28.9
Hernandez
0.4
0.0
21.4
28.5
28.5
Kestle
0.0
0.3
16.4
16.4
13.7
L86-33Q7
0.4
2.3
27.4
21.5
29.7
L86-33Q9
4.1
23.9
1.1
45.9
41.8
L93-1Q17
0.0
14.4
14.4
10.6
0.3
L93-7Q3
2.3
13.9
0.6
26.6
24.3
L93-93Q12
0.1
0.0
15.8
13.8
15.8
L93-93Q14
19.2
0.3
0.0
24.9
24.9
L93-93Q24
16.1
0.3
0.9
L93-93Q9
21.6
20.7
L93-9Q7
15.6
14.8
12.8
0.1
0.8
Northern star
58.2
26.6
31.6
13.4
1.1
Q95-14
30.2
25.2
0.4
5.0
18.5
Q95-3
30.7
25.3
16.5
0.5
5.4
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
**
**
**
12.33
**
**
8.81
6.97
6.49
10.14
0.8
a
data in these categories not determined
49
Appendix 2j.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mkt
Variety
Total Yld MktYld
<150ga 150-250g 250-600g 600g-lkg
>lkg
MktR
250g-lkg
250g-l
Accession 87
Centennial
Hernandez
Kestle
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q7
Northern star
Q95-14
Q95-3
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
50.5
38.1
42.1
34.4
37.5
42.5
63.4
44.2
31.4
39.0
39.8
45.5
25.8
68.2
51.8
41.3
**
24.3
22.5
29.1
18.1
16.5
30.6
42.0
20.4
20.5
15.7
22.6
27.9
14.6
31.2
30.3
27.5
5.6
11.1
11.2
15.6
20.3
10.2
10.3
23.8
9.4
23.3
17.2
15.9
11.2
4.2
17.4
8.9
12.6
17.6
19.9
12.6
9.6
22.7
25.0
18.0
10.1
14.7
18.9
19.9
10.7
13.3
18.1
22.4
11.6
4.8
9.2
5.5
6.9
7.9
17.0
2.3
10.3
1.0
3.7
8.0
3.9
18.0
12.2
5.1
**
**
20.6
4.5
1.8
0.7
0.7
1.7
11.1
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
32.8
4.1
4.9
**
**
10.14
6.95
6.54
6.44
8.78
11.58
1.0
a
50
Appendix 2k.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (M
Mk
>lkg
<150ga 150-250g 250-600g 600g-lkg
Variety
Total Yld MktYld
250g
250g-lkg
13.4
5.9
12.9
22.8
35.7
Accession 87
55.0
2.3
18.3
9.5
Centennial
27.8
41.3
11.2
0.9
11.4
10.8
17.1
40.2
28.0
Hernandez
19.4
7.5
15.9
27.0
1.7
Kestle
44.5
13.2
4.0
0.0
17.2
17.1
L86-33Q7
34.3
26.2
2.3
10.5
10.8
36.9
L86-33Q9
49.8
8.2
16.3
13.6
20.1
L93-1Q17
58.2
36.4
0.7
14.0
23.7
L93-7Q3
39.7
15.3
1.3
13.8
13.9
4.5
13.2
L93-93Q12
45.4
27.8
15.9
0.0
0.0
L93-93Q14
40.1
24.2
15.9
0.0
19.6
3.5
L93-93Q24
42.0
23.1
18.9
14.4
5.1
2.5
20.8
L93-93Q9
19.5
42.8
10.0
15.6
3.9
0.0
L93-9Q7
19.6
29.5
19.2
33.7
Northern Star
68.6
30.6
4.3
11.4
6.1
Q95-14
7.6
44.1
23.8
14.3
16.1
14.4
Q95-3
7.4
19.5
5.5
46.8
33.9
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
**
**
**
13.47
10.61
6.54
NS
**
**
7.29
9.27
1.
a
51
Appendix 21.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (Mkt
Variety
Total Yld
Accession 87
Centennial
Hernandez
Kestle
L86-33Q7
L86-33Q9
L93-1Q17
L93-7Q3
L93-93Q12
L93-93Q14
L93-93Q24
L93-93Q9
L93-9Q7
Northern Star
Q95-14
Q95-3
Significance
LSD(P=0.05)
65.5
37.8
36.6
45.4
23.1
46.5
76.3
15.7
39.5
18.2
32.7
27.4
27.8
74.8
45.5
43.9
MktYld
<150ga
250g-lkg
36.3
30.8
31.0
35.5
22.3
41.2
54.9
15.7
32.3
18.2
27.7
23.7
27.0
34.3
40.1
37.0
**
**
14.54
12.9
150-250ga 250-600g
600g-lkg
17.0
19.6
17.6
23.2
17.9
26.4
20.1
14.2
20.3
16.2
19.7
16.7
20.2
16.1
25.2
23.7
19.3
11.1
13.5
12.3
4.4
14.9
34.9
1.5
12.0
2.0
8.0
7.0
6.7
18.2
14.9
13.3
NS
>lkg
MktR
250g-
29.2
7.0
5.6
9.9
0.8
5.3
21.4
0.0
7.2
0.0
5.0
3.7
0.8
40.5
5.4
6.9
**
**
**
8.74
12.04
1.2
a
52
Appendix 2m.Mean total yield, marketable yield (MktYld), total yield, Marketable root number per plant (M
number per plant across weight grades for sweetpotato varietal trial grown at Rockhampton trial harvested Ju
Variety
Centennial
Eureka
Garnet
Hernandez
L86-33-Q7
L86-33-Q8
L86-33-Q9
L93-190-Q14
L93-1-Q17
L93-7-Q3
L93-8-Q3
L93-93-Q12
L93-93-Q14
L93-93-Q24
L93-93-Q9
Travis
Total Yld
28.5
34.7
23.1
29.1
19.3
20.1
28.9
13.4
31.1
19.0
13.3
21.0
18.4
19.0
14.8
18.1
MktYld
250g-lkg
17.1
14.9
12.3
15.3
10.5
13.4
18.8
6.7
18.8
11.1
4.9
12.9
4.4
10.0
7.6
4.8
<150g
2.7
8.3
3.7
4.7
2.1
2.1
1.4
1.5
1.2
2.8
5.1
2.7
11.2
3.1
3.5
7.0
150-250g 250-600g
4.7
11.4
6.2
8.3
3.1
4.6
4.7
3.1
6.6
3.7
3.3
3.3
2.6
4.8
3.7
6.3
600g-lkg
4.6
1.4
2.0
0.7
5.0
3.1
8.5
1.9
9.6
4.1
0.7
4.1
0.0
3.0
1.2
0.2
12.5
13.5
10.3
14.6
5.4
10.3
10.3
4.8
9.2
7.0
4.2
8.7
4.5
7.0
6.3
4.6
>lkg
Mkt
250g
3.9
0.0
0.8
0.8
3.6
0.0
3.9
2.1
4.5
1.3
0.0
2.1
0.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
F value
*
* * * * *
**
**
**
JJ
LSD (P=0.05)
11.89
9.259
2.204
3.575
5.863
4.809
2.802
53
Appendix 3 Dry matter data

Dry matter data for varieties grown at Southedge 1999
Dry Matter (%)a
Variety
Orange fleshed
Centennial
23.16 fg
Hernandez
20.38 de
L86-33Q7
19.79 cde
L86-33Q9
18.63 bcde
L93-1Q17
16.05 a
L93-7Q3
17.37 ab
L93-93Q12
20.86 ef
L93-93Q14
17.54 abc
L93-93Q24
18.28 abed
L93-93Q9
16.07 a
L93-9Q7
19.21 bcde
White fleshed
Accn87
25.73 hi
Kestle
27.57 i
NtStar
24.87 gh
Q95-14
25.82 hi
24.91 gh
Q95-3
**
Significance
LSD
2.33
a
Means having the same letter are not significantly different at p = 0.05
** denotes treatments are significantly different at p=0.01
54
Appendix 4 Plant and root characteristics of selected sweet potato vari

Plant and root characteristics of selected sweet potato varieties. The descriptor developed by Huam
following varieties.
Variety/Clone
Descriptor
PLANT
1. Growth habit
2.Plant type
3. Vine intemode
a. diameter
b. length
4. Vine pigmentation
5. Vine tip pubescence
6. Mature leaf shape
a. general leaf outline
b. type of lobes
c. number of lobes
d. shape of central lobe
7. Mature leaf size
8. Abaxial leaf vein colour
9. Foliage colour
a. mature leaf
b. immature leaf
10. Petiole
a. length
b. pigmentation
11. Flowering
a. flowering habit
Beerwah Gold
Kestle
Northern Star
Hern
Non-twining
Semi-erect
Non-twining
Spreading
Non-twining
Spreading
NonSpre
Intermediate
Short
Green
Intermediate
Short
Green w/ purple
nodes
Moderate
Intermediate
Intermediate
Purple w/ green
tips
Heavy
Interm
Shor
Purp
Cordate
Very slight
1
Toothed
Medium
All veins partially
purple
Triangular
Very slight
3
Triangular
Medium
All veins partially
purple
Lobe
mode
5
Semi
Medi
Main
Green
Green
Green w/ purple edge Yellow green
Green
Yellow green
Gree
Gree
Intermediate
Green
Intermediate
Green
Long
Moderately purple
Interm
Mode
Sparse
None
None
None
Sparse
Lobed
Slight
3
Triangular
Medium
Green
55
Spar
Variety/Clone
Descriptor
ROOT
12. Shape/defect
13. Skin colour

a. predominant
b. intensity of (a)
c. secondary
14. Flesh colour
a. predominant
b. secondary
c. distribution of secondary
colour
Remarks
Beerwah Gold
Kestle
Northern Star
Long
oblong/horizontal
Constrictions
ovate/ w/ long
tail
long oblong/
round e
shallow longitudinal shallow
grooves
longitud
grooves
Brownish orange
Intermediate
Pink
cream
pale
absent
purple
intermediate
absent
Intermediate orange pale yellow

cream
pale yellow
Yellow
yellow
Very narrow ring and covering all flesh covering all flesh
other areas of the
flesh
Nice shape and
Tapered end
Medium eyes, rough (taily); not very size; smooth, thick
skin, tendency to be good shape
skin; no flesh
taily
discolouration
56
Hernan
brownis
interme
red
dark ora
darker o
ring and
a
deep ey
rough s
sappy
Varietv/Clone
Descriptor
PLANT
1. Growth habit
2. Plant type
3. Vine intemode
a. diameter
b. length
b. type of lobes
c. number of lobes
7. Mature leaf size
9. Foliage colour
a. mature leaf
b. immature leaf
10. Petiole
a. length
b. pigmentation
11. Flowering
a. flowering habit
b. flower colour
HunaLoc
Eureka
Accession 87
93-
Non-twining
Semi-erect
Non-twining
Spreading
Non-twining
Semi-erect
No
Sp
Intermediate
Intermediate
Intermediate
Short
Green w/ purple node Purple w/ green
Sparse
Sparse
Intermediate
Short
green
Sparse
Inte
Inte
Gre
Sp
Lobed
Moderate
5
Semi-elliptic
Medium
All veins partially
purple
Lobed
Slight
3
Triangular
Medium
Green
Lob
Slig
5
Tria
Me
Pu
bas
Green
Green
Green w/ purple edge Green w/ purple
edge
Green
Purplish green
Gre
gre
Long
Green
Long
Mod. Purple
Intermediate
Green
Inte
Gre
None
None
None
Mo
Pa
thr
Lobed
Deep
5
Semi-elliptic
Medium
Main rib partially
purple
57
Variety/Clone
Accession 87
93-93-1
Elliptic/deep
longitudinal grooves
long
irregular/shallow
horizontal
constrictions
Obovat
13. Skin colour

a. predominant
b. intensity of (a)
c. secondary
Purple red
Dark
Absent
cream
pale
absent
Orange
Pale
Browni
orange
14. Flesh colour

a. primary
b. secondary
c. distribution of secondary
colour
Pale orange
Yellow
Ring and other areas
of the flesh
cream
Dark o
purple
Absent
ring and other
areas of the flesh
Early and easy

sprouting,
longitudinal grooves
wobbly, deep eyes Shallow

discolouration of
flesh after cutting
Descriptor
ROOT
12. Shape/defect
Remarks
HungLoc
Eureka
58
Variety/Clone
Descriptor
PLANT
1. Growth habit
2. Plant type
3. Vine intemode
a. diameter
b. length
b. type of lobes
c. number of lobes
7. Mature leaf size
9. Foliage colour
a. mature leaf
b. immature leaf
10. Petiole
a. length
b. pigmentation
11. Flowering
a. flowering habit
b. flower colour
L93-7-3
L93-1-17
Q95-3
Haw
Non-twining
Spreading
Non-twining
Compact
Twining
Spreading
No
Inte
Intermediate
Intermediate
Green w/ purple
tips
Sparse
Thi
Sho
Intermediate
Intermediate
Short
Intermediate
Green w/ purple node Green
Gre
nod
Spa
Heavy
Heavy
Cordate
Very slight
3
Triangular
Medium
All veins mostly or
totally purple
Lobed
Slight
5
Triangular
Medium
Purple spot in
several veins
Lobed
Deep
5
Semi-elliptic
Medium
Green
Lob
Dee
5
Sem
Me
Green
Green
Green
Yellow green
Green
Green w/ purple
edge
Gre
Gre
edg
Intermediate
Green
Long
Green
Long
Green
Lon
Gre
Sparse
Moderately purple
limb w/ purple throat
Sparse
None
Pale purple limb w/
purple throat
59
Variety/Clone
Descriptor
L93-7-3
L93-1-17
Q95-3
Hawaii
ROOT
12. Shape/defect
Long elliptic
Long elliptic
long elliptic
Round
Brownish orange
Intermediate
Pink
Brownish orange
Intermediate
Red
purple red
intermediate
absent
Cream
Interme
Absent
13. Skin colour

a. predominant
b. intensity of (a)
c. secondary
14. Flesh colour
a. primary
b. secondary
c. distribution of
secondary colour
Remarks
Intermediate orange Intermediate orange cream

Dark orange
cream
pale yellow
Scattered spots in
Few scattered
ring and other
flesh
spots in flesh
areas
Pale ye
Purple
Scatter
in fles
Smooth waxy skin,

nice flesh colour
Shape
uniform
to deep
chunky
Fairly uniform flesh

colour; rough skin,
medium eyes
60
Thin, soft skin;

no
discolouration of
flesh after
cutting, good
eating quality
Varietv/Clone
Descriptor
PLANT
1. Growth habit
2.Plant type
3. Vine internode
a. diameter
b. length
b. type of lobes
c. number of lobes
7. Mature leaf size
9. Foliage colour
a. mature leaf
b. immature leaf
10. Petiole
a. length
b. pigmentation
11. Flowering
a. flowering habit
b. flower colour
Beauregard
L86-33-7
L93-1-13
Twining
Spreading
Non-twining
Intermediate
Non-twining
Intermediate
Thin
Long
Green
Moderate
Intermediate
Intermediate
Green w/ purple
nodes
Moderate
Thin
Short
Green w/ purple
nodes
Sparse
Lobed
Slight
3
Triangular
Medium
Purple spot at the
base of main rib
Lobed
Very slight
5-7
Toothed
Medium
All veins mostly or
totally purple
Lobed
Deep
5
Semi-elliptic
Medium
All veins partially
purple
Green
Purplish green
Green
Yellow green
Green
Purplish green
Intermediate
Purple
Long
Green
Intermediate
Green
None
Sparse
Pale purple w/
purple throat
None
61
Varietv/Clone
Descriptor
Beaureqard
L86-33-7
L93-1-13
WSPF
ROOT
12. Shape/defect
obovate
long oblong
Oblong/ few
lenticels
Long e
shallow
constric
13. Skin colour

a. predominant
b. intensity of (a)
c. secondary
pink
pale
orange
pink
Orange
Cream
pale
Pale
Interme
brownish orange brownish orange
Absent
on lower portion of
root
14. Flesh colour

a. primary
b. secondary
light orange
intermediate orange
pale orange
dark orange
c. distribution of
ring and other areas
secondary colour
Remarks
ring and other

areas
Pale orange
intermediate
orange
ring and other
areas
Cream
Purple
ring an
area
Good shaped chunky roots, Thin skin, bit

Nice uniform
Smoot
smooth skin, shallow eyes paler flesh than shape, tendency to taily, sh
B. Gold, shallow crack
medium
eyes
62
Varietv/Clone
Descriptor
PLANT
1. Growth habit
2.Plant type
3. Vine internode
a. diameter
b. length
b. type of lobes
c. number of lobes
7. Mature leaf size
L86-33-5
Non-twining
Spreading
Intermediate
Intermediate
Green w/ purple
spots
Intermediate
lobed
Very slight
5
Triangular
All veins mostly or
totally purple
9. Foliage colour
a. mature leaf
b, immature leaf
10. Petiole
a. length
b. pigmentation
11. Flowering
a. flowering habit
b. flower colour
63
Variety/Clone
Descriptor
ROOT
12. Shape/defect
13. Skin colour
a. predominant
b. intensity of (a)
c. secondary
14. Flesh colour
a. primary
b. secondary
86-33-5
long elliptic
purple red
intermediate
absent
Intermediate orange
dark orange
c. distribution of secondary ring and other areas

colour
Remarks
good shape, medium

to deep eyes
64

VG 97023 SW, Potatoes

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VG 97023 SW, Potatoes

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VG97023

Sweet Potato Variety Improvement

(02) 8295 2300

Sweet Potato Variety Improvement

Mr L. Loader, Mr S. Harper and Ms V. Amante

Preliminary observation and selection

Preliminary observation and selection was conducted at Southedge Research Station

4.4. Germplasm Maintenance and increase

4.5. Regional trials

4.6. Virus Indexing

5. Results and Discussion

Gold (desert) varieties

Other Gold lines

White flesh varieties

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

NS denotes Not significant at P=0.05, * denotes Significant at P=0.05 and ** denotes

6. Conclusions and Recommendations

Appendix 1 Benchmark Site and Agronomic data for trials

2. General soil data

clay loam to light clay

A. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1998-1999

Fertiliser management Nil

B. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999-2000

Benchmark Data for the Redlands Research Station

A. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1998

Abiotic Stresses Nil

Sweet potato white fly strain B caused minor damage

Spacing : Rows= 1.3 m apart; Plants= 0.3 m apart

B. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999

Abiotic Stresses Nil

Sweet potato white fly Strain B

C. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999- 2000

Spacing : Rows= 1.3 m apart; Plants= 0.3 m apart

Dolomite at 600 kg/ha

Benchmark Data for the Southedge Research Station

A. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1997

Abiotic Stresses Nil

Biotic Stresses Nil

Pest Management : Carbaryl

B. Sweetpotato Variety Trial 1999

5. Abiotic Stresses Nil

Biotic Stresses Nil

Benchmark Data for the Bundaberg Research Station

Total Rainfall (mm)

Appendix 2 Detailed regional trial yield data.

00 o o f f i o o n c o o o n i N ' j o o t N o o o ^ M n i n i n r t h ' - >

o o r - a \ \ r ~ ~ < n n t n r N o o o o o \ v o o o e N c - i < n o o O ' > in *r r s

^ o\ ooin (N _,: < N * (N ^ r^ oo

ro r- asro <S "2 S

(i nSi nOr oo vo~ 2r oot -\ -h; oh qmi nss oo ts- -o oo

' > c : < D p 2 r D o

u> to to to to -> to u> to u> to to ** -> w

>* >* >' O

to 4^ 4^ u> to 4^- to u>

4 i M i o w l - u i b \ k ) L f i b o M b > - i s ) i o ( v i t o ' u> t o ^j

< - / > S 0 t O - 0 0 J O 4 ^ V ) l > J 0 0 0 s 0 s < - / < O t A O

<JI !- U > !->

Appendix 3 Dry matter data