NEPLAN Turbine-Governor Models

NEPLAN AG
Oberwachtstrasse 2
8700 Ksnacht ZH
Switzerland
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bcp@neplan.ch
NEPLAN V555
TURBINE-GOVERNOR MODELS
Standard Dynamic Turbine-Governor Systems in NEPLAN Power System Analysis Tool
Contents
General
Per Unit (p.u.) System:

Turbine-Governor Diagram
Input Signals to the Turbine System:
Input Signals to the Governor System:
Output Signals to the Turbine System:
Output Signals to the Governor System:
Inputs <<enumeration>> of TURBINES, STEREOTYPE <<enum>> Governor droop signal feedback
source
Governor control flag for Francis hydro model<<enumeration>> FrancisGovernorControlKind
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Turbine Models
TURBINE CRCMGV
Parameters
Equivalent model in CIM/CGMES:
- GovSteamCC
TURBINE - DEGOV
Parameters
- No CIM/CGMES model
TURBINE - DEGOV1
Parameters
TURBINE - GAST
Parameters
- GovGAST
TURBINE GAST1
Parameters
- GovGAST1
TURBINE - GAST2A
Parameters
- GovGAST2
TURBINE - GASTWD
Parameters
- GovGASTWD
TURBINE - GGOV1
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Parameters
- GovCT1
TURBINE - GGOV2
Parameters
- GovCT2
TURBINE GOV21GEQ
Parameters
- GovSteam2
TURBINE GOV22TER
Parameters
- GovSteamFV4
TURBINE GOV33TGT
Parameters
- GovGast3
TURBINE GOV34TGF
Parameters
- GovGast4
TURBINE GOVHYDRO1
Parameters
- GovHydro1
TURBINE GOVHYDRO3
Parameters
- GovHydro3
TURBINE GOVHYDROFRANCIS
Parameters
- GovHydroFrancis
TURBINE GOVHYDROIEEE2
Parameters
- GovHydroIEEE2
TURBINE GOVHYDROPELTON
Parameters
- GovHydroPelton
TURBINE HYDROGOVR
Parameters
- GovHydror
TURBINE GOVSTEAMEU
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Parameters
- GovSteamEU
TURBINE - HYGOV4
Parameters
TURBINE - IEEEG1
Parameters
- GovHydroIEEE1
TURBINE - IEEEG1 2005
Parameters
- GovSteam1
TURBINE - IEEEG2
Parameters
- GovHydroIEEE0
TURBINE - IEEEG3
Parameters
Parameters
- GovHydro2
TURBINE - IEESGO
Parameters
- GovSteamSGO
TURBINE - IVOGO
Parameters
TURBINE - PIDGOV
Parameters
- GovHydroPID2
TURBINE - TG_P
Parameters
TURBINE - TGOV1
Parameters
- GovSteam0
TURBINE - TGOV2
Parameters
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- GovSteamFV2
TURBINE - TGOV3
Parameters
- GovSteamFV3
TURBINE TGOV5
Parameters
TURBINE - WEHGOV1
Parameters
- GovHydroWEH
TURBINE - WESGOV
Parameters
TURBINE - WPIDHY
Parameters
- GovHydroWPID
TURBINE WSHYDD
Parameters
- GovHydroDD
TURBINE WSHYGP
Parameters
- GovHydroPID
TURBINE - DE1
Parameters
TURBINE - GT1
Parameters
TURBINE - HT1
Parameters
TURBINE - HT2
Parameters
TURBINE HYTUR
Parameters
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TURBINE Type ST1
Parameters
TURBINE - ST2
Parameters
TURBINE - ST3
Parameters
TURBINE - ST4
Parameters
TURBINE - TYPE 21
TURBINE - TYPE 22
TURBINE - TYPE 3
TURBINE Type 23
TURBINE Type 24
Parameters
TURBINE Type 25
Parameters
TURBINE WC
Parameters
No CIM/CGMES model
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Governor Models
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GOVERNOR HYGOV
Parameters

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GOVERNOR - SG1
Parameters
GOVERNOR - SG2
Parameters
GOVERNOR - SG3
Parameters
GOVERNOR SGC
Parameters
GOVERNOR - SG4
Parameters
GOVERNOR - SG5
Parameters
GOVERNOR - SG6
Parameters

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General
The turbine-governor model is linked to one or two synchronous generators and determines
the shaft mechanical power (PMECH) or torque (TM) for the generator model.
In old Simpow turbine models, the turbine are composed of two models
- One Governor (Input = Speed, output = Gate)
- One Turbine (Input = Gate, Output = TM)
In new dynamic simulator the turbine models include the governor part.
One Turbine (Input Speed, Output = TM)
Note: The old Simpow models are also supported in new Dynamic simulator.
ENTSO-E, an association of the European electricity transmission system operators, selected
the Common Information Model (CIM) standards of the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) as a basis for its own CIM standards. These standards aim at ensuring the
reliability of grid models and market information exchanges.
In 2013, ENTSO-E adopted a new standard for grid models exchange called the Common Grid
Model Exchange Standard (CGMES). The CGMES is a superset of the IEC CIM standards
(belonging to IEC CIM16). It was developed to meet necessary requirements for the
transmission system operators, which exchange data in the areas of system operations,
network planning and integrated electricity markets.
All the CIM/CGMES regulators models are included in NEPLAN Power System Analysis Tools.
Per Unit (p.u.) System:

All p.u. values are based on the machine ratings.
Turbine-Governor Diagram

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Input Signals to the Turbine System:

GATE
P
W
Gate opening p.u. (only if govenor and turbine are in different regulator model)
Active electrical power of generator in p.u.
Rotor Speed of the machine in p.u.
Input Signals to the Governor System:

P
F
W
Active electrical power of generator

Frequency on the bus in p.u.
Speed of the machine in p.u..
Output Signals to the Turbine System:

TM
Mechanical torque in pu
Output Signals to the Governor System:

GATE
Gate opening p.u.
Inputs <<enumeration>> of TURBINES, STEREOTYPE <<enum>> Governor

droop signal feedback source
<<enumeration>> Droop SignalFeedbackKind
<<enum>> electricalPower
Electrical power feedback

(connection indicated as 1 in the
block diagrams of models, e.g.
GovCT1, GovCT2)
No droop signal feedback, is

isochronous governor
<<enum>> none
Fuel valve stroke feedback (true

stroke) (connection indicated as 2 in
the block diagrams of model, e.g.
GovCT1, GovCT2)
<<enum>> fuelValveStroke
Governor output feedback (requested

stroke) (connection indicated as 3 in
the block diagrams of models, e.g.
GovCT1, GovCT2)
<<enum>> governorOutput
Governor control flag for Francis hydro model<<enumeration>>

FrancisGovernorControlKind
<<enum>>
mechanicHydrolicTachoAccelerator
Mechanic-hydraulic regulator with

tacho-accelerometer (Cflag = 1)
Mechanic-hydraulic regulator with

transient feedback (Cflag=2)
<<enum>>
mechanicHydraulicTransientFeedback
Electromechanical and
electrohydraulic regulator (Cflag=3)
<<enum>>
electromechanicalElectrohydraulic

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Turbine Models
TURBINE CRCMGV
Cross compound turbine governor model.
Parameters
NAME
RHP
RLP
PMAXHP
PMAXLP
DHHP
DHLP
FHP
FLP
T1HP
T1LP
T3HP
T3LP
T4HP
T4LP
T5HP
T5LP
Type
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
HP governor droop
LP governor droop
maximum HP value position (on generator base)
maximum LP value position (on generator base)
HP damping factor (on generator base)
LP damping factor (on generator base)
fraction of HP power ahead of reheater
fraction of LP power ahead of reheater
HP governor time constant
LP governor time constant
HP turbine time constant
LP turbine time constant
HP turbine time constant
LP turbine time constant
HP reheater time constant
LP reheater time constant
Notes
- GovSteamCC
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TURBINE - DEGOV
Woodward Diesel Governor
Parameters
NAME
T1
T2
T3
K10
T4
T5
T6
TMAX
TMIN
TD
Type
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
Description
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Turbine Gain
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Maximum limit
Minimum limit
time delay
Parameters Range:
0 < T1 < 25.0
0 < T2 < 0.5
0 < T3 < 10
15 K < 25.0
0 < T4 < 25.0
0 < T5 < 10
0 < T6 < 0.5
0 < TD < 0.125

0 TMAX < 1.5
-0.05 TMIN < 0.5
If T1 = 0, then T3 = 0
Notes

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TURBINE - DEGOV1
Woodward Diesel Governor
Parameters
NAME
SWM
Type
Booleanr
T1
T2
T3
K10
T4
T5
T6
TMAX
TMIN
TD
DROOP
TE
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Description
Feedback switch control
0 = Feedback signal is take from siganl V4
1 = Feedback signal is take from siganl V5
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Turbine Gain
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Maximum limit
Minimum limit
time delay
Feedback gain
Power time constant
Parameters Range:
0 < T1 < 25.0
0 < T2 < 0.5
0 < T3 < 10
15 K < 25.0
0 < T4 < 25.0
0 < T5 < 10
0 < T6 < 0.5
0 < TD < 0.125

0 TMAX < 1.5
-0.05 TMIN < 0.5
0 DROOP < 0.1
0 < TE < 1.0
If T1 = 0, then T3 = 0
Notes
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TURBINE - GAST
Gas turbine model with governor.
Parameters
NAME
R
T1
T2
T3
AT
KT
VMAX
VMIN
DTRUB
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Permanent droop
Governor mechanism time constant
Turbine power time constant
Turbine exhaust temperature time constant
Ambient temperature load limit
Temperature limiter gain
Maximum turbine power
Minimum turbine power
Turbine damping factor
Parameters Range:
0 < R < 0.1
0.04 < T1 < 0.5
0.04 < T2 < 0.5
0.04 < T3 < 5.0
0 < AT 1.0
0 < KT < 5.0

0.5 < VMAX < 1.2
0 VMIN < 1.0
VMIN < VMAX
0 DTURB < 0.5
Notes
- GovGAST

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TURBINE GAST1
Parameters
NAME
Type
A
B
DB1
DB2
EPS
FIDLE
GV1
GV2
GV3
GV4
GV5
GV6
KA
KT
LMAX
Float
Float
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
LOADINC
LTRATE
PGV1
PGV2
PGV3
PGV4
PGV5
PGV6
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Turbine power time constant numerator scale factor
Turbine power time constant denominator scale factor
Intentional dead-band width
Unintentional dead-band
Intentional db hysteresis
Fuel flow at zero power output
Nonlinear gain point 1, PU gv
Governor gain
Temperature limiter gain
Ambient temperature load limit. It is the turbine power output
corresponding to the limiting exhaust gas
Valve position change allowed at fast rate
Maximum long term fuel valve opening rate
Nonlinear gain point 1, PU power

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R
RMAX
T1
PU
PU
Seconds
T2
Seconds
T3
Seconds
T4
T5
TLTR
VMAX
VMIN
MWBASE
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
MW
Permanent droop
Maximum fuel valve opening rate
Governor mechanism time constant. It represents the natural
valve positioning time constant of the governor for small
disturbances, as seen when rate limiting is not in effect..
Turbine power time constant . It represents delay due to
internal energy storage of the gas turbine engine. T2 can be
used to give a rough approximation to the delay associated with
acceleration of the compressor spool of a multi-shaft engine, or
with the compressibility of gas in the plenum of the free power
turbine of an aero-derivative unit, for example.
Turbine exhaust temperature time constant. It represents delay
in the exhaust temperature and load limiting system.
Governor lead time constant
Governor lag time constant
Valve position averaging time constant
Maximum turbine power
Minimum turbine power
Base for power values
Notes
- GovGAST1

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TURBINE - GAST2A
F1 = TR AF1 (1-WF1) BF1 (W1)

F2 = AF2 + BF2 (WF2) CF2 (W1)
Parameters
NAME
Type
KD
X
Y
Z
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Boolean
ETD
TCD
TRATE
T
MAX
MIN
ECR
K3
AA
BB
CC
TF
KF
K5
Seconds
Seconds
ActivePower
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Float
Float
Float
Seconds
PU
PU
Description
Governor gain (1/DROOP) on turbine rating
Governor mode (Z).
1 = Droop
0 = ISO.
Turbine exhausts time constant
Gas turbine dynamic time constant
Turbine rating
Fuel control time constant
Maximum limit on turbie rating
Minimum limit on turbie rating
Combustor time constant
Fuel control gain
Valve positioner
Valve positioner
Valve positioner
Fuel system time constant
feedback gain
Radiation shield

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K4
T3
T4
TT
T5
AF1
BF1
AF2
BF2
CF2
TR
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
K6
TC
PU
Seconds
Radiation shield
Radiation shield time constant
Thermocouple time constant, seconds
Temperature control time constant
describes the turbine characteristic
Rated temperature. Unit = F or C depending on parameters
AF1 and BF1
Minimum fuel flow
Temperature control. Units = F or C depending on constants
AF1 and BF1
Parameters Range:
0X
0.04 < Y < 0.5
Z1
0.5 < Max < 1.8
-0.2 < Min < 0.1
0.5 < K3 < 1
0.5 < A < 50
0.04 < B < 2
0 c 1.01
0.05 < TF < 0.8
0 KF 1.0
0.05 < K5 < 0.5
0.8 x MBASE TRATE 1.05 x MBASE
0 < T 0.05
10 < T3 < 25
0 CF2 1
1 < T4 < 5
100 < TT < 600
1 < T5 < 5
500 < AF1 < 1000
300 < BF1 < 700
-1 < AF2 < 1
0.9 < BF2 < 1.5
700 < TR < 1050
0.1 < K6 < 0.5
0 < ETD < 0.5
0 < ECR < 0.5
0 < TDC < 0.5
Notes
- GovGAST2

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TURBINE - GASTWD
F1 = TR AF1 (1-WF1) BF1 (W1)

F2 = AF2 + BF2 (WF2) CF2 (W1)
Parameters
NAME
KDDROOP
TD
KP
KI
KD
ETD
TCD
TRATE
T
MAX
MIN
ECR
K3
AA
BB
CC
TF
KF
K5
K4
T3
T4
TT
Type
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
ActivePower
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Float
Float
Float
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Power droop
Power time constant
Proportional gain
Integral gain
Derivative gain
Turbine exhaust time constant
Gas turbine dynamic time constant
Turbine rating
Maximum limit on turbie rating
Minimum limit on turbie rating
Combustor time constant
Fuel control gain
Valve positioner
Valve positioner
Valve positioner
Fuel system time constant
feedback gain
Radiation shield
Radiation shield
Radiation shield time constant
Thermocouple time constant, seconds

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T5
AF1
BF1
AF2
BF2
CF2
TR
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
K6
TC
PU
Seconds

Rated temperature. Unit = F or C depending on parameters
AF1 and BF1
Minimum fuel flow
Temperature control. Units = F or C depending on constants
AF1 and BF1
Parameters Range:
0 KDROOP 0.1
0 KP 20
0 KI 10
0 KD 20
0.5 < Max < 1.8
-0.2 < Min < 0.1
0.5 < K3 < 1
0.5 < A < 50
0.04 < B < 2
0 c 1.01
0.05 < TF < 0.8
0 KF 1.0
0.05 < K5 < 0.5
0 < T 0.05
0.8 x MBASE TRATE 1.05 x MBASE
10 < T3 < 25
0 CF2 1
1 < T4 < 5
100 < TT < 600
1 < T5 < 5
500 < AF1 < 1000
300 < BF1 < 700
-1 < AF2 < 1
0.9 < BF2 < 1.5
700 < TR < 1050
0.1 < K6 < 0.5
0 < ETD < 0.5
0 < ECR < 0.5
0 < TDC < 0.5
Notes
- GovGASTWD

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TURBINE - GGOV1
General model for any prime mover with a PID governor, used primarily for combustion turbine
and combined cycle units.
This model can be used to represent a variety of prime movers controlled by PID governors. It
is suitable, for example, for representation of :
- Gas turbine and single shaft combined cycle turbines
- Diesel engines with modern electronic or digital governors
- Steam turbines where steam is supplied from a large boiler drum or a large header
whose pressure is substantially constant over the period under study
- Simple hydro turbines in dam configurations where the water column length is short
and water inertia effects are minimal.
Parameters
NAME
R
TPELEC
MAXERR
MINERR
KPGOV
KIGOV
KDGOV
Type
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Permanent droop
Electrical power transducer time constan
Maximum value for speed error signal
Minimum value for speed error signal
Governor proportional gain
Governor integral gain
Governor derivative gain

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TDGOG
VMAX
VMIN
TACT
KTURB
WFNL
TB
TC
TENG
TFLOAD
KPLOAD
KILOAD
LDREF
DM
ROPEN
RCLOSE
KIMW
PMWSET
ASET
KA
TA
TRATE
DB
TSA
TSB
RUP
RDOWN
RSELECT
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
ActivePower
PU
PU
Seconds
ActivePower
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
enum
FLAG
Boolean
Governor derivative controller time constant

Maximum valve position limit
Minimum valve position limit
Actuator time constant
Turbine gain
No load fuel flow
Turbine lag time constant
Turbine lead time constant
Transport time delay for diesel engine
Load Limiter time constant
Load limiter proportional gain for PI controller
Load limiter integral gain for PI controller
Load limiter reference value
Speed sensitivity coefficient
Maximum valve opening rate
Minimum valve opening rate
Power controller (reset) gain
Power controller setpoint
Acceleration limiter setpoint
Acceleration limiter gain
Acceleration limiter time constant
Speed governor dead band
Temperature detection lead time constant
Temperature detection lag time constant
Maximum rate of load limit increase (Not used in NEPLAN)
Maximum rate of load limit decrease (Not used in NEPLAN)
Feedback signal for droop (Rselect). Typical Value =
electricalPower
Switch for fuel source characteristic.
0 = fuel flow independent of speed
1 = fuel flow proportional to speed.
Notes
1. Per unit parameters are on base of TRATE, which is normally the MW capability of
the turbine.
2. The range of fuel valve travel and of fuel flow is unity. Thus the largest possible
value of VMAX is 1.0 and the smallest possible value of VMIN is zero. VMAX may,
however, be reduced below unity to represent a loading limit that may be imposed by
the operator or a supervisory control system. For gas turbines VMIN should normally be
greater than zero and less than WFNL to represent a minimum firing limit. The value of
the fuel flow at maximum output must be less than, or equal to unity, depending on the
value of KTURB.
3. The parameter TENG is provided for use in representing diesel engines where there
is a small but measurable transport delay between a change in fuel flow setting and the
development of torque. Teng should be zero in all but special cases where this
transport delay is of particular concern.
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4. The parameter FLAG is provided to recognize that fuel flow, for a given fuel valve
stroke, can be proportional to engine speed. This is the case for GE gas turbines and
for diesel engines with positive displacement fuel injectors. Wfspd shou ld be set to
unity for all GE gas turbines and most diesel engines. FLAG should be set to zero
where it is known that the fuel control system keeps fuel flow independent of the engine
speed.
5. The load limiter module may be used to impose a maximum output limit such as an
exhaust temperature limit. To do this the time constant TFLOAD should be set to
represent the time constant in the measurement of temperature (or other signal), and
the gains of the limiter, KPLOAD, KILOAD, should be set to give prompt s table control
when on limit. The load limit can be deactivated by setting the parameter LDREF to a
high value.
6. The parameter DM can represent either the variation of the engine power with the
shaft speed or the variation of maximum power capability wit h shaft speed. If DM is
positive it describes the falling slope of the engine speed verses power characteristic
as speed increases. A slightly falling characteristic is typical for reciprocating engines
and some aero-derivative turbines. If DM is negative the engine power is assumed to
be unaffected by the shaft speed, but the maximum permissible fuel flow is taken to fall
with falling shaft speed. This is characteristic of single-shaft industrial turbines due to
exhaust temperature limits.
7. This model includes a simple representation of a supervisory load controller. This
controller is active if the parameter KIMW is non-zero. The load controller is a slow
acting reset loop that adjusts the speed/load reference of the turbine governor to hold
the electrical power output of the unit at its initial condition value. This value is stored in
the parameter PMWSET when the model is initialized, and can be changed thereafter.
The load controller must be adjusted to respond gently relative to the speed governor.
A typical value for KIMW is 0.01, corresponding to a reset time of 100 seconds.
8. The parameters ASET, KA, and TA describe an acceleration limiter. TA must be non zero, but the acceleration limiter can be disabled by setting ASET to a large value, such
as 1.
9. The parameter, DB, is the speed governor dead band. This parameter is stated in
terms of per unit speed. In the majority of applications, it is recommended that this
value be set to zero.
10. The parameters TSA and TSB, are provided to augment the exhaust gas
temperature measurement subsystem in gas turbines. For example, they may be set to
values such as 4., 5., to represent the radiation shield element of large gas turbines.
If both parameters are omitted, they default to 1.0.
11. The parameters RUP and RDOWN specify the maximum rate of increase and
decrease of the output of the load limit controller (KPLOAD/KILOAD). These
parameters should normally be set, or defaulted to 99/-99, but may be given particular
values to represent the temperature limit controls of some GE heavy-duty engine
controls. If both parameters are omitted, they default to 99 and 99. (In NEPLAN the
parameters RUP and RDOWN are not used)
12. The fuel flow command fsr is determined by whichever is lowest of fsrt, fsra, and
fsrn. Although not explicitly shown in the GGOV1 diagram, the signals that are not in
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control track fsr so that they do not windup beyond that value. This represents GE
gas turbine control practice but may not be true for other controller designs.
13. As shown in the GGOV1 diagram, when KPGOV is non-zero, the governor PI
control is implemented to track fsr to prevent windup when fsr is limited by another
signal (fsrt, fsra) or VMAX/VMIN. If KPGOV is zero, the integral path is implemented
directly. The same applies to the load limiter PI control with regard to KPLOAD.
14. PREF has units of p.u. speed.

- GovCT1

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TURBINE - GGOV2
General governor model with frequency-dependent fuel flow limit. This model is a
modification of the GovCT1 model in order to represent the frequency-dependent fuel
flow limit of a specific gas turbine manufacturer.
Parameters
NAME
R
TPELEC
MAXERR
MINERR
KPGOV
KIGOV
KDGOV
TDGOG
VMAX
VMIN
TACT
KTURB
WFNL
Type
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Description
Permanent droop
Electrical power transducer time constan
Maximum value for speed error signal
Minimum value for speed error signal
Governor proportional gain
Governor integral gain
Governor derivative gain
Governor derivative controller time constant
Maximum valve position limit
Minimum valve position limit
Actuator time constant
Turbine gain
No load fuel flow

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TB
TC
TENG
TFLOAD
KPLOAD
KILOAD
LDREF
DM
ROPEN
RCLOSE
KIMW
PMWSET
ASET
KA
TA
TRATE
DB
TSA
TSB
RUP
RDOWN
PRATE
FLIM1
PLIM1
FLIM2
PLIM2
FLIM3
PLIM3
FLIM4
PLIM4
FLIM5
PLIM5
FLIM6
PLIM6
FLIM7
PLIM7
FLIM8
PLIM8
FLIM9
PLIM9
FLIM10
PLIM10
RSELECT
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
ActivePower
PU
PU
Seconds
ActivePower
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
Frequency
PU
enum
FLAG
boolean
Turbine lag time constant

Turbine lead time constant
Transport time delay for diesel engine
Load Limiter time constant
Load limiter proportional gain for PI controller
Load limiter integral gain for PI controller
Load limiter reference value
Speed sensitivity coefficient
Maximum valve opening rate
Minimum valve opening rate
Power controller (reset) gain
Power controller setpoint
Acceleration limiter setpoint
Acceleration limiter gain
Acceleration limiter time constant
Speed governor dead band
Temperature detection lead time constant
Temperature detection lag time constant
Maximum rate of load limit increase (Not used in NEPLAN)
Maximum rate of load limit decrease (Not used in NEPLAN)
Ramp rate for frequency-dependent power limit
Frequency threshold 1
Power limit 1
Power limit 2
Power limit 3
Power limit 4
Power limit 5
Power limit 6
Power limit 7
Power limit 8
Power limit 9
Power limit 10
Feedback signal for droop (Rselect). Typical Value =
electricalPower
Switch for fuel source characteristic.
0 = fuel flow independent of speed
1 = fuel flow proportional to speed.

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Notes
1. The frequency-dependent limit reduces the VMAX limit on fuel flow signal (fsr). For
normal operation, the limiter performs no action. When frequency (generator speed)
drops below FLIM1, the highest frequency data point, the desired value for the power
limit (PLIM) is determined by linear interpolation between associated data pairs. The
maximum value of the limiter (VMAX) will ramp to the fsr value corresponding to PLIM
(PLIM / KTURB + WFNL) at the PRATE ramp rate. PLIM will be updated as frequency
changes. If frequency subsequently rises back above FLIM1, the value of the limit will
ramp up at the rate PRATE back to the normal value of VMAX.
2. The frequency-dependent limit is defined by a set of up to 10 pairs of points relating
frequency (generator speed in Hz.) and power. The points must be monotonically
decreasing in both the magnitude of frequency and power. If fewer than 10 points are
needed to define the relationship, values of zero must be entered for the remaining
frequencies and power limits. The value of the last non-zero data pair are used as a
lower limit, that is, the last two values are not extrapolated to calculate lower power
limits. If there is only one set of frequency and power limit, those values will be used as
a single limit of power applied at that frequency and below.
3. Refer to GGOV1 model for other notes. Aside from the frequency-dependent limt,
GGOV2 is identical to GGOV1, except that the temperature fuel command fsrt does not
track fsr when it is not in control. Instead, it stays at its upper limit (1.).
4. The KPGOV/KIGOV and KPLOAD/KILOAD controllers include tracking logic to
ensure smooth transfer between active controllers. This logic is not shown on the
GGOV2 diagram.

- GovCT2

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TURBINE GOV21GEQ
Simplified governor model
Parameters
NAME
K
DBF
PMAX
PMIN
T1
T2
MNEF
MXEF
Type
Simple Float
pu
pu
pu
Seconds
Seconds
pu
pu
Description
Governor gain (reciprocal of droop)
Frequency dead band
Maximum fuel flow
Minimum fuel flow
Fuel flow maximum negative error value
Fuel flow maximum positive error value
Notes
- GovSteam2

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TURBINE GOV22TER
Detailed electro-hydraulic governor for steam unit
Parameters
NAME
Type
KF1
KF3
LPS
LPI
CRMX
CRMN
KPT
KIT
RVGMX
RVGMN
SVMX
SVMN
SRMX
SRMN
KPP
KIP
RSMIMX
RSMIMN
KMP1
KMP2
SRSMP
YHPMX
YHPMN
TAM
Y
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
Seconds
pu
YMPMX
pu
Description
Frequency bias (reciprocal of droop)
Frequency control (reciprocal of droop)
Maximum positive power error
Maximum negative power error
Maximum value of regulator set-point
Minimum value of regulator set-point
Proportional gain of electro-hydraulic regulator
Integral gain of electro-hydraulic regulator
Maximum value of integral regulator
Minimum value of integral regulator
Maximum regulator gate opening velocity
Maximum regulator gate closing velocity
Maximum valve opening
Minimum valve opening
Proportional gain of pressure feedback regulator
Integral gain of pressure feedback regulator
Maximum value of integral regulator
Minimum value of integral regulator
First gain coefficient of intercept valves characteristic
Second gain coefficient of intercept valves characteristic
Intercept valves characteristic discontinuity point
Maximum control valve position
Minimum control valve position
Intercept valves rate opening time
Coefficient of linearized equations of turbine (Stodola
formulation)
Maximum intercept valve position

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YMPMN
TPH
TRH
TMP
KHP
PR1
PR2
pu
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
pu
pu
pu
PSMN
KPC
KIC
KDC
TDC
CPSMX
CPSMN
KRC
TF1
TF2
KSH
TY
TV
TA
TC
TCM
MXEF
MNEF
pu
pu
pu
pu
Seconds
pu
pu
pu
Seconds
Seconds
pu
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
pu
pu
Minimum intercept valve position

High pressure (HP) time constant of the turbine
Reheater time constant of the turbine
Low pressure (LP) time constant of the turbine
Fraction of total turbine output generated by HP part
First value of pressure set point static characteristic
Second value of pressure set point static characteristic,
corresponding to Ps0 = 1.0 PU
Minimum value of pressure set point static characteristic
Proportional gain of pressure regulator
Integral gain of pressure regulator
Derivative gain of pressure regulator
Derivative time constant of pressure regulator
Maximum value of pressure regulator output
Minimum value of pressure regulator output
Maximum variation of fuel flow
Time constant of fuel regulation
Time constant of steam chest
Pressure loss due to flow friction in the boiler tubes
Control valves servo time constant
Boiler time constant
Control valves rate opening time
Control valves rate closing time
Intercept valves rate closing time
Upper limit for frequency correction
Lower limit for frequency correction
Notes
- GovSteamFV4

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TURBINE GOV33TGT
Generic turbogas with acceleration and temperature controller
Parameters
NAME
Type
BP
TG
RCMX
RCMN
KY
TY
TAC
KAC
TC
BCA
KCA
DTC*
pu
Seconds
pu
pu
pu
Seconds
Seconds
pu
Seconds
pu
pu
pu
KA
TSI
KSI
TIC
TFEN
TD
TT
MXEF
MNEF
pu
Seconds
pu
Seconds
pu
Seconds
Seconds
pu
pu
Description
Droop
Time constant of speed governor
Maximum fuel flow
Minimum fuel flow
Coefficient of transfer function of fuel valve positioner
Time constant of fuel valve positioner
Fuel system feedback
Compressor discharge volume time constant
Acceleration limit set-point
Acceleration control integral gain
Exhaust temperature variation due to fuel flow increasing from
0 to 1 PU
Minimum fuel flow
Time constant of radiation shield
Gain of radiation shield
Time constant of thermocouple
Turbine rated exhaust temperature correspondent to Pm=1 pu
Temperature controller derivative gain
Temperature controller integration rate

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Notes
Exhaust Temparature
Function for exhaust temperature calculation:

- GovGast3

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TURBINE GOV34TGF
Generic turbogas
Parameters
NAME
BP
TY
TA
KM
TC
TCM
TM
MXEF
MNEF
RYMX
RYMN
Type
pu
Seconds
Seconds
pu
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
pu
pu
pu
pu
Description
Droop
Time constant of fuel valve positioner
Maximum gate opening velocity
Compressor gain
Maximum gate closing velocity
Compressor discharge volume time constant
Notes
- GovGast4

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TURBINE GOVHYDRO1
IEEE Simplified Hydro Governor-Turbine Model.
Parameters
NAME
DTRUB
TW
AT
QNL
RBIG
RSMALL
TR
TF
TG
VELM
GMAX
GMIN
Type
PU
Second
PU
PU
PU
PU
Second
Second
Second
PU
PU
PU
Description
Water inertia time constant
Turbine gain
No-load flow at nominal head
Permanent droop
Temporary droop
Washout time constant
Filter time constant
Gate servo time constant
Maximum gate velocity
Maximum gate opening
Minimum gate opening
Notes
- GovHydro1
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TURBINE GOVHYDRO3
Modified IEEE Hydro Governor-Turbine Model. This model differs from that defined in the IEEE
modeling guideline paper in that the limits on gate position and velocity do not permit "wind up"
of the upstream signals
Parameters
NAME
AT
DB1
DB2
DTURB
EPS
Type
pu
pu
pu
pu
Pu
Description
Turbine gain

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CFLAG
Boolean
GV1
GV2
GV3
GV4
GV5
GV6
HO
K1
K2
KG
KI
PVG1
PVG2
PVG3
PVG4
PVG5
PVG6
PMAX
PMIN
QNL
RELEC
RGATE
TD
TF
TP
TT
TW
VELEC
VELOP
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Simple Float
Simple Float
Governor control flag, if CFLAG=1 PID control is active, else

(CFLAG=0) double derivate control is active
Nonlinear gain point 1
Turbine nominal head
Derivative gain
Double derivative gain, if Cflag = -1
Gate servo gain
Integral gain
No-load turbine flow at nominal head
Steady-state droop for electrical power feedback
Steady-state droop for governor output feedback
Input filter time constant
Power feedback time constant
Notes
- GovHydro3

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TURBINE GOVHYDROFRANCIS
Hydro unit, Francis model
Parameters
NAME
Type
AM*
BP
DB1
ETAMAX
CFLAG ***
pu
pu
pu
pu
enum
KC
KG
pu
pu
KT
QC0
TA
TD
TS
TWNC
TWNG
TX
VA
VALVMAX
pu
pu
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Simple Float
pu
Description
at the maximum efficiency, used in (*)
Opening section
Droop
Maximum efficiency
Governor control flag (Cflag). Typical Value =
mechanicHydrolicTachoAccelerator
Penstock loss coefficient (due to friction)
Water tunnel and surge chamber loss coefficient (due to
friction)
Washout gain
Derivative gain
Water tunnel and surge chamber inertia time constant
Derivative feedback gain

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VALVMIN
VC
TFLAG
pu
Simple Float
Boolean
ZSFC
QN
HN
AV1**
AV2**
H1**
float
m3/s
m
float
float
float
H2**
float
MWBASE
MW

Water tunnel and surge chamber simulation, if TFLAG=1
(switch ON) enable of water tunnel and surge chamber
simulation, else (switch OFF) inhibit of water tunnel and surge
chamber simulation
Head of upper water level respect to the level of penstock
Rated flow
Rated hydraulic head
Area of the surge tank
Area of the compensation tank
Head of compensation chamber water level with respect to the
level of penstock
Head of surge tank water level with respect to the level of
penstock
Notes
1. This model can be used to represent three types of governors.
2. Governors per unit parameters are on base of MW capability of the turbine.
3. Rated hydraulic head Hn [m] an rated flow [m3/s] are the design parameters of the hydraulic
system capability in CIM/CGMES manual, these not are indicated in NEPLAN manual.
4. Hydraulic system head attributes (Zsfc, H1, H2) are in meters but in the block diagram are in
per unit on base of Hn.
5. Hydraulic area attributes (Av1, Av2) are in square meters but in the block diagram are in per
unit on base of Qn/Hn [m2/s], in CIM/CGMES model the
.
6. omega has units of per unit speed.
7. Non-linear gain and efficiency equations shown below
Non Linear Gain and Efficiency
**Non linear gain:
*Efficiency:

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The following figure shows the deteiled hydro model for the hydraulic system, note that in the
original CIM/CGMES figure the

- GovHydroFrancis

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TURBINE GOVHYDROIEEE2
IEEE hydro turbine governor model represents plants with straightforward penstock
configurations and hydraulic-dashpot governors.
Parameters
NAME
UO
UC
TG
TP
UO
UC
PMAX
PMIN
RPERM
RTEMP
TR
TW
BTURB
ATURB
KTURB
GV1
GV2
GV3
GV4
GV5
GV6
PGV1
PGV2
PGV3
PGV4
PGV5
PGV6
MWBASE
Type
Float
Float
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
MW
Description
Pilot servo valve time constant
Minimum gate opening velocity
Permanent droop
Temporary droop
Dashpot time constant
Turbine denominator multiplier
Turbine numerator multiplier
Turbine gain

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Notes
- GovHydroIEEE2

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39
TURBINE GOVHYDROPELTON
Detailed hydro unit, Pelton model
A schematic of the hydraulic system of detailed hydro unit models, such as Francis and Pelton,
is located under the Turbine GOVHYDROFRANCIS class
Parameters
NAME
Type
BP
DB1
DB2
CFLAG
pu
pu
pu
Boolean
KC
KG
pu
pu
QC0
TA
TV
TS
TWNC
TWNG
TX
VA
pu
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
pu
Description
Droop
Intentional dead-band width of valve opening error
Static compensating characteristic, if CFLAG=1 enable of static
compensating characteristic, else inhibit of static compensating
characteristic
Penstock loss coefficient (due to friction)
Water tunnel and surge chamber loss coefficient (due to
friction)
Derivative gain (accelerometer time constant)
Servomotor integrator time constant
Water tunnel and surge chamber inertia time constan
Electronic integrator time constant

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VALVMAX
VALVMIN
TFLAG
pu
pu
Boolean
ZSFC
VAV
VC
VCV
SFLAG
pu
pu
pu
pu
Boolean
QN
HN
AV1*
AV2*
H1*
m3/s
m
float
float
float
H2*
float
MWBASE
MW

Water tunnel and surge chamber simulation, if TFLAG=1
enable of water tunnel and surge chamber simulation, else
inhibit of water tunnel and surge chamber simulation
Head of upper water level respect to the level of penstock
Maximum servomotor valve opening velocity
Maximum servomotor valve closing velocity
Simplified Pelton model simulation, if SFLAG=1 enable of static
compensating characteristic, else inhibit of static compensating
characteristic
Rated flow
Rated hydraulic head
Area of the surge tank
Area of the compensation tank
Head of compensation chamber water level with respect to the
level of penstock
Head of surge tank water level with respect to the level of
penstock
Base for power values, ActivePower
Notes
1. This model can be used to represent the dynamic related to water tunnel and surge
chamber.
2. Governors per unit parameters are on base of MW capability of the turbine.
3. Rated hydraulic head Hn [m] an rated flow [m3/s] are the design parameters of the hydraulic
system capability in CIM/CGMES manual, these not are indicated in NEPLAN manual.
4. Hydraulic system head attributes (Zsfc, H1, H2) are in meters but in the block diagram are in
per unit on base of Hn.
5. Hydraulic area attributes (Av1, Av2) are in square meters but in the block diagram are in per
unit on base of Qn/Hn [m2/s], in CIM/CGMES model the
.
6. omega has units of per unit speed.
7. Non-linear gain and efficiency equations shown below
*Non linear gains:

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*Efficiency:

- GovHydroPelton

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TURBINE HYDROGOVR
Fourth order lead-lag governor and hydro turbine.
Parameters
NAME
DB1
EPZ
TD
T1
T2
T3
T4
Type
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant

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T5
T6
T7
T8
KI
GMIN
GMAX
TT
RR
KG
TP
VELCL
VELOP
PMIN
PMAX
DB2
DTURB
HDAM
TW
QNL
AT
GV0
PGV0
GV1
PGV1
GV2
PGV2
GV3
PGV3
GV4
PGV4
GV5
PGV5
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Integral gain
Minimum governor output
Maximum governor output
Steady-state droop
Gate servo gain
Turbine nominal head1
Water inertia time const
Turbine gain
Notes
- GovHydror

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TURBINE GOVSTEAMEU
Parameters
NAME
TP
KE
TIP
TDP
TFP
TF
Type
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Power transducer time constant
Gain of the power controller
Integral time constant of the power controller
Derivative time constant of the power controller
Time constant of the power controller
Frequency transducer time constant

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KFCOR
DB1
WFMAX
WFMIN
PMAX
TEN
TW
KWCOR
DB2
WWMAX
WWMIN
WMAX1
WMAX2
TVHP
CHO
CHC
HHPMAXv
TVIP
CIO
CIC
SIMX
THP
TRH
TLP
PRHMAX
KHP
KLP
TB
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Gain of the frequency corrector

Dead band of the frequency corrector
Upper limit for frequency correction
Lower limit for frequency correction
Maximal active power of the turbine
Electro hydraulic transducer
Speed transducer time constant
Gain of the speed governor
Dead band of the speed governor
Upper limit for the speed governor
Lower limit for the speed governor
Emergency speed control lower limit
Emergency speed control upper limit
Control valves servo time constant
Control valves rate opening limit
Control valves rate closing limit
Maximum control valve position
Intercept valves servo time constant
Intercept valves rate opening limit
Intercept valves rate closing limit
Intercept valves transfer limit
High pressure (HP) time constant of the turbine
Reheater time constant of the turbine
Low pressure(LP) time constant of the turbine
Maximum low pressure limit
Fraction of total turbine output generated by HP part
Fraction of total turbine output generated by LP part
Boiler time constant
Notes
- GovSteamEU

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46
TURBINE - HYGOV4
Hydro turbine and governor. Represents plants with straight-forward penstock configurations
and hydraulic governors of traditional 'dashpot' type.
Parameters
NAME
DB1
TP
TG
UO
UC
PMAX
PMIN
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Intentional deadband width
Pilot servo time constant
Max gate opening velocity
Max gate closing velocity

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DB2
EPS
RPERM
RTEMP
TR
DTURB
HDAM
TW
QNL
AT
GV0
PGV0
GV1
PGV1
GV2
PGV2
GV3
PGV3
GV4
PGV4
GV5
PGV5
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Permanent droop
Temporary droop
Head available at dam
Turbine gain
Notes
- GovHydro4

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TURBINE - IEEEG1
IEEE Type 1 Speed-Governing Model
Parameters
NAME
K
T1
T2
T3
U0
UC
PMAX
PMIN
T4
T5
T6
T7
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
K6
K7
K8
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Parameters Range:
5.0 K 30
0 < T1 < 5.0
0 < T2 < 10.0
0.04 < T3 1.0
0.01 Uo 0.3
-0.3 Uc < 0
-2.0 K1 1
K2 = 0
0 < T4 1.0
0 < T5 < 10.0
Description
Governor gain
Valve positioner time constant
Maximum valve opening velocity
Maximum valve closing velocity
Inlet piping/steam bowl time constant
Time constant of second boiler pass
Time constant of third boiler pass
Time constant of fourth boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after first boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after first boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after second boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after second boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after third boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after third boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after fourth boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after fourth boiler pass
0 K3 < 0.5
0 K4 < 0.5
0 < T6 < 10.0
0 K5 < 0.35
0 K6 < 0.55
0 < T7 < 10.0
0 K7 < 0.3
0 K8 < 0.3
0.5 PMAX 2.0
0 PMIN < 0.5

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Notes
For a tandem-compound turbine the parameters K2, K4, K6, and K8 are ignored. For a crosscompound turbine, two generators are connected to this turbine-governor model.
Each generator must be represented in the load flow by data on its own MVA base. The
values of K1, K3, K5, K7 must be specified to describe the proportionate development of
power on the first turbine shaft. K2, K4, K6, K8 must describe the second turbine shaft.
Normally K1 + K3 + K5 + K7 = 1.0 and K2 + K4 + K6 + K8 = 1.0 (if second generator is
present).

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IEEE Type 1 Speed-Governing Model, version 2005
Parameters
NAME
K
T1
T2
T3
U0
UC
PMAX
PMIN
T4
T5
T6
T7
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
K6
K7
K8
DB1
EPS
DB2
GV1
PGV1
GV2
PGV2
GV3
PGV3
GV4
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Governor gain
Time constant of third boiler pass
Time constant of fourth boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after first boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after first boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after second boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after second boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after third boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after third boiler pass
Fraction of HP shaft power after fourth boiler pass
Fraction of LP shaft power after fourth boiler pass
Unintentional deadband
Nonlinear gain valve position point 1
Nonlinear gain power value point 1

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PGV4
GV5
PGV5
GV6
PGV6
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU

Notes
For a tandem-compound turbine the parameters K2, K4, K6, and K8 are ignored. For a crosscompound turbine, two generators are connected to this turbine-governor model.
Each generator must be represented in the load flow by data on its own MVA base. The
values of K1, K3, K5, K7 must be specified to describe the proportionate development of
power on the first turbine shaft. K2, K4, K6, K8 must describe the second turbine shaft.
Normally K1 + K3 + K5 + K7 = 1.0 and K2 + K4 + K6 + K8 = 1.0 (if second generator is
present).

- GovSteam1

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TURBINE - IEEEG2
Parameters
NAME
K
T1
T2
T3
T4
PMAX
PMIN
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Description
Governor gain
Gate actuator time constant
Water starting time
Gate maximum
Gate minimum
Parameters Range:
5.0 K 30
0 < T1 < 100
0 T2 < 10
0.04 < T3 1
0.5 PMAX 1.5

0 PMIN < 0.5
PMIN < PMAX
0.04 T4 5.0
Notes
- GovHydroIEEE0

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TURBINE - IEEEG3
Parameters
NAME
TG
TP
UO
UC
PMAX
PMIN
SIGMA
DELTA
TR
TW
A11
A13
A21
A23
Type
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
Parameters Range:
0.04 TG 1.0
0.04 Tp < 0.1
0 Uo < 0.3
-0.3 < Uc 0
0.5 PMAX 1.0
0 PMIN < 0.5
0 < SIGMA 0.1
Description
Permanent droop
Temporary droop
Turbine coefficient
Turbine coefficient
Turbine coefficient
Turbine coefficient
0 < DELTA 1.2

1.0 TR < 50
0.04 < Tw < 10
0 < A11 < 1.5
0 < A13 < 1.5
0 < A21 ! 1.5
0 < A23 < 1.5

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Notes

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IEEE Type 3 Speed-Governing Model, version 2005
Parameters
NAME
TG
TP
UO
UC
PMAX
PMIN
SIGMA
DELTA
TR
TW
KTURB
BTURB
ATURB
DB1
EPS
DB2
GV1
PV1
GV2
PV2
GV3
PV3
GV4
PV4
GV5
PV5
GV6
PV6
Type
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Permanent droop
Temporary droop
Turbine gain
Unintentional deadband

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Notes
- GovHydro2

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TURBINE - IEESGO
IEEE standard Governor
Parameters
NAME
Type
K
T1
T2
T3
PMIN
PMAX
T4
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
K2
T5
K3
T6
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Description
One/per unit regulation
Controller lag
Controller lead compensation
Governor lag
Upper power limit
Lower power limit
Delay due to steam inlet volumes associated with steam chest
and inlet piping
Fraction
Reheater delay including hot and cold leads
Fraction
Delay due to IP-LP turbine, crossover pipes and LP end hoods
Parameters Range:
0 < T1 < 100
0 < T2 < 10
0.04 < T3 1.0
0 < T4 1.0
0 < T5 50
0 < T6 1.0
5 K1 30
0 K2 3.0
-1.0 K3 1.0
0.5 PMAX 1.5
0 PMIN 0.5
PMIN < PMAX
Notes
- GovSteamSGO

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TURBINE - IVOGO
IVO Governor Model.
A governor is included in the model and therefore no other governor can be associated with
the turbine model.
Parameters
NAME
K1
A1
A2
T1
T2
MAX1
MIN1
K3
A3
A4
T3
T4
MAX3
MIN3
K5
A5
A6
T5
T6
MAX5
MIN5
Type
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Description
Gain first stage
Lead lag coefficient first stage
Lead lag coefficient first stage
Time constant first stage
Maximum limit first stage
Minimum limit first stage
Gain second stage
Lead lag coefficient second stage
Lead lag coefficient second stage
Time constant second stage
Maximum limit second stage
Minimum limit second stage
Gain third stage
Lead lag coefficient third stage
Lead lag coefficient third stage
Time constant third stage
Maximum limit
Minimum limit
Notes

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TURBINE - PIDGOV
Hydro Turbine and Governor
Parameters
NAME
SW
Type
Boolean
RPERM
TREG
KD
TA
KP
KI
TB
VELMIN
VELMAX
GMIN
GMAX
P1
P2
P3
G0
G1
G2
ATW
TW
DTURB
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Parameters Range:
0.02 < Ta < 1
0.02 < Tb < 1
0.02 < TW < 1
Description
Feedback switch control
0 = P is used
1 = Feedback signal is used
Permanent drop
Speed detector time constant
Derivative gain
Controller time constant
Proportional gain
Reset gain
Power at gate opening G1
Power at gate opening G2
Power at full opened gate
Gate opening at speed no load
Intermediate gate opening
Intermediate gate opening
Factor multiplying Tw
P1 > P3 ascending value order

0.01 Velmax 0.3
-0.3 Velmin < 0
G0 -> G2 ascending value order
Notes
- GovHydroPID2
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TURBINE - TG_P
Turbine-Governor TYPE 1
Parameters
NAME
R
TS
T3
TC
T4
T5
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Permanent Droop
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Notes

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TURBINE - TGOV1
Steam turbine governor.
Parameters
NAME
R
T1
VMAX
VMIN
T2
T3
DT
MWBASE
Type
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
ActivePower
Description
Permanent droop
Steam bowl time constant
Maximum valve position
Minimum valve position
Time constant
Time constant
Turbine damping coefficient
Parameters Range:
0 < R < 0.1
0.04 < T1 < 0.5
0.5 VMAX 1.2
VMIN < VMAX
0 VMIN < 1.0
0 < T2
0.04 < T3 < 10.0
T2 < T3/2.0
0 DT < 0.5
Notes
- GovSteam0

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TURBINE - TGOV2
Steam Turbine-Governor With Fast Valving
Parameters
NAME
Type
R
T1
VMAX
VMIN
K
T3
TT
DT
TI
TA
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Seconds
TB
Seconds
TC
Seconds
Parameters Range:
0 < R < 0.1
0.04 < T1 < 0.5
0.5 < VMAX < 1.2
VMIN < VMAX
Description
Permanent droop
Steam bowl time constant
Maximum valve position
Minimum valve position
Governor gain
Time constant
Valve time constant
Turbine damping coefficient
Valve position at time 1 (initial fast valving)
Valve position at time 2 (fully closed after fast valving
initialisation)
Valve position at time 3 (start to reopen after fast valving
initialisation)
Valve position at time 4 (again fully open after fast valving
initialisation)
1.0 < T3 < 10.0

0 DT < 0.5
0.04 < TT < 0.5
0.04 < TA < 0.25

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0 VMIN < 1.0

0.1 < K < 0.5
TA+0.1 < TB < 50.0

TB+1.0 < TC < 50.0
Notes
- GovSteamFV2

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TURBINE - TGOV3
Modified IEEE Type 1 Speed-Governing Model With Fast Valving
Parameters
NAME
Type
K
T1
T2
T3
UO
UC
PMAX
PMIN
T4
T5
PRMAX
T6
K1
K2
K3
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
TI
TA
Seconds
Seconds
TB
Seconds
TC
Seconds
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
F0
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Governor gain
Max. pressure in reheater
Time constant of crossover or third boiler pass
Fraction of turbine power developed after first boiler pass
Fraction of turbine power developed after second boiler pass
Fraction of hp turbine power developed after crossover or third
boiler pass
Valve position at time 1 (initial fast valving)
Valve position at time 2 (fully closed after fast valving
initialisation)
Valve position at time 3 (start to reopen after fast valving
initialisation)
Valve position at time 4 (again fully open after fast valving
initialisation)
Nonlinear gain point 1 (valve position)
Nonlinear gain point 1 (flow)

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F1
F2
F3
F4
PU
PU
PU
PU

Parameters Range:
5.0 K 30
0 < T1 < 5
0 < T2 < 10
0.04 < T3 1.0
0.01 Uo 0.3
-0.3 Uc < 0
0.5 PMAX 1.0
0 PMIN < 0.5
PMIN < PMAX
0 < T4 1
-2.0 K1 1
0.04 < T5 < 10
0 K2 < 0.5
0 < T6 < 10
0 K3 < 0.35
0.04 < TA < 0.25
TA+0.1 < TB < 50.0
TB+1.0 < TC < 50.0
Notes
The gains K1-K3 and describe the division of power output among turbine stages. Normally,
K1+ K2 + K3 = 1.0.

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TURBINE TGOV5
TGOV5 is a model of a steam turbine and boiler that represents governor action, main, reheat
and low-pressure effects, including boiler effects. The boiler controls will handle practically any
mode of control including coordinated, base, variable pressure, and conventional. The control
mode is selected by the proper choice of constants.
Parameters
NAME
K
T1
T2
T3
UO
UC
VMAX
VMIN
T4
Type
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU/Seconds
PU/Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
Description
The inverse of the governor speed droop.
The governor controller lag time costant
The governor controller lead time costant
The valve servomotor time constant for the control valves
The control valve open rate limit
The control valve close rate limit
The maximum valve area
The minimum valve area
The steam flow time constan

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K1, K3, K5 and PU

K7
K2, K4, K6 and PU
K8
T5,T6 and T7
Seconds
K9
PU
K10
K11
K12
K13
K14
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
RMAX
RMIN
LMAX
LMIN
C1
C2
C3
B
CB
KI
TI
TR
TR1
CMAX
CMIN
TD
TF
TW
Psp_ini
TMW
KL
KMW
deltaPE
PU/Seconds
PU/Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
The fractions of the HP units mechanical power developed by

the various turbine stages. The sum of these constants should
be one for a non cross-compound unit.
Similar fractions of the LP units mechanical power. These fractions should be zero for a noncross-compound unit. For a
cross-compound unit, the sum of K1 through K8 should equal
one
The first and second reheater time constants and the crossover
time constant. They may be set to zero if all steps are not
necessary: i.e., no second reheat stage.
The adjustment to the pressure drop coefficient as a function of
drum pressure
The gain of anticipation signal from main stream flow
The gain of anticipation signal from load demand.
The gain for pressure error bias
The gain between MW demand and pressure set point
Inverse of load reference servomotor time constant (= 0.0 if
load reference does not change).
The load reference positive rate of change limit
The load reference negative rate of change limit
The maximum load reference.
The minimum load reference.
The pressure drop coefficient.
The gain for the pressure error bias.
The adjustment to the pressure set point
The frequency bias for load reference control.
The boiler storage time constant
The controller integral gain.
The controller proportional lead time constant
The controller rate lead time constant
The inherent lag associated with lead TR (usually about TR/10)
The maximum controller output.
The minimum controller output.
The time delay in the fuel supply system
The fuel and air system time constant
The water wall time constant
The initial throttle pressure set point
The MW transducer time constant
The feedback gain from the load reference
The gain of the MW transducer
The deadband in the pressure error signal for load reference
control
Notes

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TURBINE - WEHGOV1
Woodward Electric Hydro Governor Model
Parameters
NAME
SWM
Type
Boolean
RPP
TPE
DBAND
KD
TD
KP
RPG
KI
GMIN
GMAX
DICN
DPV
TP
TDV
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Feedback signal selection (Sw).
0 = Feedback siganl come from gate position
1 = Feedback siganl come from signal V8
R-Perm-Pe
Power time constant
Derivative gain
Derivative time constant
Proportional gain
R-Perm-Gate
Integral gain
Minimum governor output
Maximum governor output
Gate limiter modifier
Governor limit factor
Time constant

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GTMXCL
GTMXOP
TG
TW
DTURB
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
FG1
FG2
FG3
FG4
FG5
FP1
FP2
FP3
FP4
FP5
FP6
FP7
FP8
FP9
FP10
PM1
PM2
PM3
PM4
PM5
PM6
PM7
PM8
PM9
PM10
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Parameters Range:
0 < RPG < 0
0 < RPP < 0.1
0.04 < TPE < 0.5
1 < KP < 10
1 < KI < 20
0 < KD < 20
0.04 < TD < 0.1
0.04 < TP < 0.2
0.04 < TDV < 0.2
0.04 < TG <1
0 < GTMXOP < 0.3
-0.3 < GTMXCL < 0

Gate 1
Gate 2
Gate 3
Gate 4
Gate 5
Flow Gate 1
Flow Gate 2
Flow Gate 3
Flow Gate 4
Flow Gate 5
Flow P1
Flow P2
Flow P3
Flow P4
Flow P5
Flow P6
Flow P7
Flow P8
Flow P9
Flow P10
Pmss Flow P1
Pmss Flow P2
Pmss Flow P3
Pmss Flow P4
Pmss Flow P5
Pmss Flow P6
Pmss Flow P7
Pmss Flow P8
Pmss Flow P9
Pmss Flow P10
0 DTURB < 0.5

0.5 < TW < 3
0 < DBAND < 0.005
0 DPV < 0.1
0 DICN < 0.1
GATE1 -> GATE5 ascending value order
0.8 < GATE5 < 1.3
FLOWG1 -> FLOWG5 ascending value order
0.8 < FLOWG5 < 1.3
FLOWP1 -> FLOWP10 ascending value order
0.8 < FLOWP10 < 1.3
PMECH1 -> PMECH10 ascending value order

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0 GMAX < 1
-0.1 < GMIN < 0.3
0.8 < PMECH10 < 1.3
Notes
Switch:
See Block diagram
The Steady-State Flow is calculated using 10 parameters, 5 Gate points (G1 G5) and 5 Flow
points (FG1 FG5)
The Pmss value is calculed using 20 parameters, 10 Turbine Flow points (FP1FP10) and 10
Pmss points.

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TURBINE - WESGOV
Westinghouse Digital Governor for Gas Turbine
Parameters
NAME
TPE
DELTA_TP
DELTA_TC
DROOP
KP
TI
T1
T2
ALIM
Type
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Description
Power time constant
Sample hold, see note 1) in block diagram
Sample hold, see note 2) in block diagram
Power droop
Trubine proportional gain
Integral time constant
Constant time
Constant time
(not used in NEPLAN)
Parameters Range:
0 < DELTA_TP 0.25
0 < DELTA_TC 0.25
0 < DROOP < 0.10
10 KP < 25
1.0 TI < 10
0 T1 < 0.2
0.2 T2 0.6
0.15 ALIM < 0.4
0 < TPE < 0.2
Notes

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TURBINE - WPIDHY
Woodward PID Hydro Governor
Parameters
NAME
REG
TREG
KF
KD
KP
TA
TB
VELMIN
VELMAX
GATMIN
GATMAX
G0
G1
G2
P1
P2
P3
TW
PMIN
PMAX
DTURB
MWBASE
Type
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
MW
Parameters Range:
0.05 TREG < 5.0
0 < REG < 0.1
0 KP < 10
0 KI 5
0 KD 5
0.04 < TA 2
Description
Speed detector gain
Speed detector time constant
Integral gain
Derivative gain
Proportional gain
Time constant
Time constant
Minimum limit
Maximum limit
Base for power values, Active Power
0.3 GATMX 1
0 GATMN 0.5
0.5 TW 3.0
0.5 PMAX 1.1
0 PMIN 0.5
0 < D < 0.5

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0.04 < TB 2
0 VELMX 1
-1 VELMN 0
G0 G1 G2
P1 P2 P3
Notes
- GovHydroWPID

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TURBINE WSHYDD
Double derivative hydro governor and turbine.
Parameters
NAME
DB1
DB2
ERR
TD
K1
K2
TF
KI
R
TT
KG
TP
VELOPEN
VELCLOS
PMAX
PMIN
GV1
PGV1
GV2
PGV2
GV3
PGV3
GV4
Type
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Single derivative gain
Double derivative gain
Integral gain
Steady state droop
Gate servo gain

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PGV4
GV5
PGV5
GV6
PGV6
ATURB
BTURB
TTURB
FLAG
MWBASE
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Second
Boolean
MW

Turbine time constant
Input signal switch
Notes
- GovHydroDD

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TURBINE WSHYGP
Parameters
NAME
DB1
DB2
ERR
TD
TF
KP
KI
KD
R
TT
KG
TP
VELOPEN
VELCLOS
PMAX
PMIN
GV1
PGV1
GV2
PGV2
GV3
PGV3
GV4
PGV4
Type
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
intentional dead band width
unintentional dead band
intentional dead band hysteresis
input filter time constant
washout time constant
proportional gain
integral gain
derivative gain
staedy state droop
power feedback time constant
gate servo gain
gate servo time constant
maximum gate opening velocity
minimum gate opening velocity
maximum gate opening
minimum gate opening
non linear gain point 1

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77
GV5
PGV5
GV6
PGV6
FLAG
ATURB
BTURB
TTURB
MWBASE
PU
PU
PU
PU
Boolean
PU
PU
Seconds
MW

Input signal switch
turbine numerator multiplier
turbine denominator multiplier
turbine time constant
Notes
- GovHydroPID

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78
TURBINE - DE1
Diesel engine or aero-driven gas turbine model
Parameters
NAME
T1
T2
Type
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Time delay
Time constant
Notes

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79
TURBINE - GT1
Gas turbine model. Droop and isochronous modes.
Parameters
NAME
Type
MF
T3
T4
AA
BB
CC
TF
KF
DD
PU
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Description
Minimum fuel flow
Lead lag time constant
Lead lag time constant
Valve positioner coefficient
Feedback Gain
Time delay
Notes
A:
WF MF 1 W
1 MF
2


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80
TURBINE - HT1
Classical penstock turbine model.
Parameters
NAME
TW
KD
Type
Seconds
PU
Description
Turbine Gain
Notes
Y0
W0
Initial gate opening

Nominal speed in p.u.


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81
TURBINE - HT2
General hydro turbine model.
Parameters
NAME
A11
A13
A21
A23
TW
Type
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Description
Turbine coefficient
Turbine coefficient
Turbine coefficient
Turbine coefficient
Turine time constant
Notes

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82
TURBINE HYTUR
Hydro turbine.
Parameters
NAME
DTRUB
TW
AT
QNL
Type
PU
Second
PU
PU
Description
Turbine gain
Parameters Range:
0.5 < TF < 3.0
0.8 < AT < 1.5
0 DTRUB < 0.5
0 < QLN < 0.15
Notes

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83
TURBINE Type ST1

Approximate model of steam turbine with single reheat.
Parameters
NAME
TC
KH
TR
Type
Seconds
PU
Seconds
Description
Turbine coefficient
Reheat time constant
Notes

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84
TURBINE - ST2
General steam turbine model.
Parameters
NAME
T4
K4
T3
K3
T2
K2
T1
K1
Type
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Description
Gain fist stage
Gain second stage
Gain third stage
Time constant fourth stage
Gain fourth stage
Notes
The sum of K1+K2+K3+K4 must be equal to 1.


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85
TURBINE - ST3
Non reheat or tandem compound reheat turbine model including fast-valving (turbine power
decay curve)
Parameters
NAME
T4
K4
T3
K3
T2
K2
T1
K1
SWR
Type
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Integer
PFV
PU
Description
Gain fist stage
Gain second stage
Gain third stage
Gain fourth stage
Switch control (Only used with SIMPOW)
1 = The active electrical power P will be used
2 = The rotor speed W will be used.
(Only used with SIMPOW)
Notes
The fast valving logic is not implemented for moment in Dynamic Simualtor.


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86
TURBINE - ST4
Non reheat or tandem compound reheat turbine model including fast-valving (emergency
closing of governor and intercept valves).
Parameters
NAME
T4
K4
T3
K3
T2
K2
T1
K1
SWR
Type
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Seconds
PU
Integer
PFV
PU
Description
Gain fist stage
Gain second stage
Gain third stage
Gain fourth stage
Switch control (Only used with SIMPOW)
1 = The active electrical power P will be used
2 = The rotor speed W will be used.
(Only used with SIMPOW)
Notes
The fast valving logic is not implemented for moment in Dynamic Simualtor.

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87
TURBINE - TYPE 21
A sinusoidal variation as a function of time with arbitrary amplitude and frequency is
superimposed on the initial mechanical torque
.

TURBINE - TYPE 22
An arbitrary time function f(t) is multiplied with the initial value of the mechanical torque

TURBINE - TYPE 3
A part of the mechanical torque varies with the speed and is superimposed on the initial
mechanical torque
.
TM TM 0 KD (W 0 W )
With:
W
W0
Speed in p.u.
Nominal speed in p.u.


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88
TURBINE Type 23
An arbitrary time function f(t) is superimposed on the initial mechanical torque

TURBINE Type 24
An arbitrary cyclic time funtion f(t) is multiplied with the initial value of the mechanical torque
.
If in a particular situation (e.g. additional turbine or at idling)

following relation will be used:
has the value zero, the
Parameters
TAB :
The table of the time function
values should be given
NC :
. Corresponding values of time and function
The power pattern specified in the table is repeated after NC second.

TURBINE Type 25
An arbitrary cyclic time funtion f(t) is superimposed on the initial mechanical torque TM0.
TM = TM0 + f(t)
Parameters
NC :
The power pattern specified in the table is repeated after NC second.


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89
TURBINE WC
Parameters
NAME
T3
T4
T5
F
Type
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
Description
Time constant
Time constant
Time constant
Coefficient
Notes
No CIM/CGMES model

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Governor Models
GOVERNOR HYGOV
Hydro governor.
This is the first part of the PSS/E-model HYGOV and it contains the governor part.
Parameters
NAME
RBIG
RSMALL
TR
TF
TG
VELM
GMAX
GMIN
Type
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
Description
Permanent droop
Temporary droop
Governor time constant
Filter time constant, seconds
Servo time constant
Gate velocity limit
Maximum gate limit
Minimum gate limit
Parameters Range:
0 < R < 0.1
0 < r < 2.0
R<r
0.04 < TR < 30
0.04 < TF < 0.1
0 < GMAX 1.0

0 GMIN < 1.0
GMIN < GMAX
0.04 < TG < 1.0
0 < VELM < 0.3
Notes

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91
GOVERNOR - SG1
General speed-governing model.
Parameters
NAME
Type
SWS
Interger
SWP
Interger
SW
Boolean
DF
TD
TP
TY
TS
TT
BT
BP
YPMAX
YPMIN
YMAX
YMIN
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Switch for choosing input speed signal (only used in SIMPOW)
= 1 The rotor speed Wr will be used.
= 2 The terminal voltage frequency f will be used.
Switch for choosing input signal for the permanent droop compensation
= 1 The pilot or main servo-motor position will be used.
= 2 The active electrical power will be used.
= 0 The internal variable is limited by a non-windup limiter to YMAX (or YMIN).
= 1 The internal variable is limited by a windup limiter to YMAX (or YMIN).
Frequency dead band
Derivate circuit time constant
Pilot valve time constant
Response time; pilot or main servomotor
Main servo-motor time constant
Transient droop time constant
Transient droop constant
Permanent droop constant
Servo rate limit
Servo rate limit
Servo position limit
Notes

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92
GOVERNOR - SG2
Approximate speed-governing model (steam turbines).
Parameters
NAME
Type
SW
Boolean
DF
YMAX
YMIN
YPMAX
YPMIN
K
T1
T2
TY
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Switch control
0 = The internal variable is limited by a non-windup limiter to YMAX (or YMIN).
1 = The internal variable is limited by a windup limiter to YMAX (or YMIN).
Frequency dead band
Valve position limit
Valve servo rate limit
Valve servo rate limit
Effective speed-governing system gain
Equivalent time constant
Valve servo motor time constant
Notes

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93
GOVERNOR - SG3
Approximate speed-governing model (hydro turbines).
Parameters
NAME
DF
YMAX
YMIN
K
T1
T2
T3
Type
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Frequency dead band
Effective speed-governing system gain
Valve servo motor time constant
Notes
POREF
Initial value calculated in preprocessor


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94
GOVERNOR SGC
Parameters
NAME
K
T1
YPMAX
YPMIN
Type
PU
Seconds
PU
PU
Description
Gain
Time constant
Maximum gate limit
Minimum gate limit
Notes

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95
GOVERNOR - SG4
Hydro turbine speed-governing model.
Parameters
NAME
Type
SWP
Interger
SW
Interger
DF
KP
KI
T1
T2
T3
T4
TY
TT
BT
BP
YPMAX
YPMIN
YMAX
YMIN
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
PU
Description
Switch for choosing input signal for the permanent droop compensation
= 1 The pilot or main servo-motor position will be used.
= 2 The active electrical power will be used.
= 0 The internal variable is limited by a non-windup limiter to YMAX (or YMIN).
= 1 The internal variable is limited by a windup limiter to YMAX (or YMIN).
Frequency dead band
Joint load control constant (proportional).
Joint load control constant (integral).
Controller time constants
Response time; pilot or main servomotor
Transient droop time constant
Transient droop constant
Permanent droop constant
Servo rate limit
Servo rate limit
Notes

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96
GOVERNOR - SG5
Diesel engine or aero-driven gas turbine speed-governing model.
Parameters
NAME
DF
YMAX
YMIN
BB
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
Type
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Frequency dead band
Amplifier lead time constant
Actuator time delay
Current driver dead time
Current driver time delay
Amplifier time delay
Lead compensation
Lag compensation
Notes

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97
GOVERNOR - SG6
Gas turbine speed-governing model. Droop and isochronous modes.
Parameters
NAME
DF
KD
YPMAX
YPMIN
T
TD
T1
T2
Type
PU
PU
PU
PU
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Seconds
Description
Frequency dead band
Governor gain.
Upper incremental power limit
Lower incremental power limit
Time constant for isochronous operation
Speed governor time constant
Governor lead term
Governor lag term
Notes

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NEPLAN Turbine-Governor Models

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NEPLAN AG

Per Unit (p.u.) System:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Per Unit (p.u.) System:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Input Signals to the Turbine System:

Input Signals to the Governor System:

Active electrical power of generator

Output Signals to the Turbine System:

Output Signals to the Governor System:

Gate opening p.u.

Inputs <<enumeration>> of TURBINES, STEREOTYPE <<enum>> Governor

Electrical power feedback

No droop signal feedback, is

Fuel valve stroke feedback (true

Governor output feedback (requested

Governor control flag for Francis hydro model<<enumeration>>

Mechanic-hydraulic regulator with

Mechanic-hydraulic regulator with

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

0 < TD < 0.125

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

0 < TD < 0.125

0 < KT < 5.0

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

F1 = TR AF1 (1-WF1) BF1 (W1)

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

F1 = TR AF1 (1-WF1) BF1 (W1)

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Temperature control time constant

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Governor derivative controller time constant

Equivalent model in CIM/CGMES:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Turbine lag time constant

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Equivalent model in CIM/CGMES:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Minimum intercept valve position

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Function for exhaust temperature calculation:

Equivalent model in CIM/CGMES:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Governor control flag, if CFLAG=1 PID control is active, else

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Minimum gate opening

**Non linear gain:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

Equivalent model in CIM/CGMES:

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH

NEPLAN AG Oberwachtstrasse 2 CH 8700 Ksnacht ZH