PRAKTIKUM ZA STUDENTE

GRAMATICKA VEZBANJA IZ ENGLESKOG JEZIKA ZA STUDENTE I, II, i III GODINE

Table of English Tenses

tense

Simple present

Afirmative/Negative/Question
A: He speaks.
N: He does,not speak.
Q: Does he speak?

Use

signal words

Action in the present Always, every .

taking place once,
Never, normally,
never or several times,
often, seldom,
Sometimes,
facts
usually
If sentences type
actions taking
I Cif I talk ... )
place one after another
action set by a
timetable or shedule

present
progressive

A: He is speaking.
N: He is not speaking.
Q: Is he speaking?

Act10n taking place

In the moment o.f speaki ng
Action taking place
only for a limited period
of time

at the moment,
just, just now,
L; sten !, Look!,
now, ri ght now

Action arranged for

the future

Simple past

A: He spoke.
N: He did not speak.
Q: Did he speak?

action in the past

taking place once, never
or several times
actions taking
place one after another
action taking place
in the middle of another
action

Past progressive

A: He was speaking.
N: He was not speaking.
Q: Was he speaking?

()

Yesterday, 2
mi nutes ago, ; n
1990, the other
day, last Friday
If sentence type
I I ( If I
talked . )

action going on at when, while, as

a certain time in the past long as
actions taking
place at the same time
action in the past
that ;s interrupted by
another action

Present perfect
simple

A He has spoken.
N He has not spoken.
Q Has he spoken?

putting emphasis
On the result
action that is
still going on
action that stopped
recently

al ready, ever,
just, never, not,
yet, so far, till
now, up to now

finished action
that has an influence on
the present
action that has
taken place once, never or
several times before the
moment of speaking

Present perfect
progressive

A He has been speaking.

B He has not been speaking.

Q Has he been speaking?

putting emphasis on all day, for 4

the course of duration
years, since
( not the result)
1993, how long?,
the whole week
action that
recently stopped or is
still going on
finished action
that influenced the
present

(-'\

Past perfect Simple

A He had spoken.
N He had not spoken.
Q Had he spoken?

action taking place al ready, just,

before a certain time in
never, not yet,
the past
once, until that
day
sometimes
if sentence type
interchangeable with past III ( if I had
perfect progressive
tal ked ... )
putting emphasis
only on the fact (not the
duration)

past Perfect
progressiv~

A He had been speaking.

He had not been spp.aking.

Q Had he been speaking?
N

action taking place for, since, the

Before a certain time in
whole day, al'l
the past
day
sometimes
interchangeable with past
perfect simple
putting emphasis on
the duration of course of
action

C~~_-----------+-----------+----------~----~
A
He will speak.
action in the
in a year,
FU ture I S,"mple
N He will not speak.
future that cannot be
next .. ,
Q will he: speak?
111 n uenced
tomorrow
If-Satz Typ I (If
you ask her, she
spontaneous
decisision
will help you.)
assumption: I
assumption with
think, probably,
regard to the future
we might . ,
perhaps

Future I Simple
(going to)

A He is going to speak.

He is not going to speak.

Q Is he going to speak?
N

decision made for

the future

in one year, next

week, tomorrow

conclusion with
regard to the future

Future I
progressive

A He will be speaking.

N He will not be speaking.

Q will he be speaking?

action that is going in one year, next

on at a certain time in
week, tomorrow
the future
action that is sure
to happen in the near
future

Future

II

Simple

Future I I
progressive

A: He will have spoken.

N: He will not have spoken.
Q: will he have spoken?

action that will be by Monday, in a

finished at a certain time week
in the future

A: He will have been

action taking place

before a certain time in
the future

speakin~

N: He w,ll not have been

speaking
Q: will he have been
speaking

conditional
Simple

Conditional
progressive

putting emphasis on
The course of an action

A: He would speak.
N: He would not speak.
Q: would he speak?

action that might

take place

A: He would be speaking.
N: He would not be speaking.
Q: would he be speaking?

action that might

take place

if sentences type
II

( if I were you,
I would go home )

putting emphasis on
the course / duration of
the action

Conditional
simple

II

A: He would have spoken.

N: He would not have spoken.
Q: would he have spoken?

action that might

have taken place in the
past

Conditional
progressive

II

A: He would have been

action that might

have taken place in the
past

speaking.
N: He would not have been
speaking.
Q: would he have been
speaking

for ... the last

couple of hours,
all day long

puts emphasis on
the course / duration of
the action

if sentences type
III
( If I had seen
that, I would
have helped. )

English Tenses - Examples

simple Past

simple present

c action that takes place He plaued football He plays football

once, never or several

CV

E
0
:E

times

every Tuesday.

He played football He plays football

actions that happen one and
then he went
and then he goes
after another
home.
home.
state

Action going on at that

L moment

Present
progressive

He was ~laYing
Actions taking place at footbal
and she
the same time
was watching.

He is ~laYing
Footba 1 and she
is watching.

He will be playing
football and she
will be watching.

Past perfect
simple

Present perfect
Simple

Future II simple

He has won five

matches so far.

He will have won

five matches by
then.

in time;
emphasises the result

He was ~laYing
footbal .

He had won five

Matches untiltha
Day.

Past perfect
. progressive
Action taking place
~ before a certai n moment
Lin ti me ( and beyond),
:::s emphasises the duration

Future I
progressive
He will be playing
football.

r
:::s
taking place
en Action
Before
a
certain moment
CV

or-

He will play
football and then
he will go homp.

He is ~laYing
Footba 1.

or-

He will/is gOin~
to play footbal
every Tuesday.

He loved football. He loves football. ~~o~~~il~ove

Past progressive

CV
0..

every Tuesday.

Future I simple

He had been
playing foodball
for ten years.

Future II
progressive

He has been
playing football
for ten years.

He will have been

~laying football
for ten years.

choose the best way to complete these passive voice sentences.

I)

\.

1. Your jacket
over there.
o can hung up
0 can be hunged up
o can be heng up
o can be
hang up 0 Can be hung up
2.
to you yet?
o Have the books been given back
o Have the book being given back
o Have the book been give back
o Have the book been gave back
o Has the book been given back
3. Thirty more people
last week.
o were laid off
"were lied off 0 were layed off
0 were laying of
0 were lie off
4. The road _ __
o was blocking off
0 was blocked off
o was blocking off
o was been blocked off
o was block off
by the police.
5. The protesters
o are being held back
0 are being holding
o are holding back
0 are being hold back
back
0 are being hald back
6. The old cinema _ __
o is been pulled down
0 is being pulling down
0 is being pull
down
0 being pulled down
0 is being pulled down
7 . The keys _ __
o must have been left behind
0 must been left behind
o must having been left behind
0 must have be left behind
0 must have been leaving behind
by this money.
8. The incovenience
o will made up for
0 will been made up for
0 will be made up
for
0 will being made up for
0 will be mad up for
9. The flood water
by barriers.
o was be kept back
0 was being keept back
0 was been kept back
o was being keep back
0 was being kept back
10. The criminal
o was locking up 0 were locked up
o was lock up
0 was locked up
o were locked up

()

''''

, I

11. The candl e ___ by the draught.

o was blowed out
o was blowout
0 was blewed out
o was blown out
o was being blown out
12. she _ __
o has never be heard of
0 has never been heard of
o has never been heared of
0 has never been hearing of
o have never been heard of
13. she
with a fine.
o was let off
o was letted off
o was letting off
o were let off
o were let off
14. She ___ by a bus.
o was been knocking down
0 was being knocked down
o was knock down
0 was knocked down
0 was knocking down
15. Our allies
support.
o will being lent
0 will been lent
o will be lent
o will be lended
0 will be lend
16. Nothing
me.
o can be held against
o can be hald against
o can be hold against
o can be holding against
o can held against
17. My bank loan
in five years time.
o will be being paid off
0 will be paid off
o will be payed off
o will be paying off
0 will paid off
18. An idea
for discussion.
o put forward
0 was put forward
0 was putted forward
o was putting forward
0 were put forward
19. A story _ __
o will been made up
o will being made up
o will be making up
o will be maked up
o will be made up
20. 3000 employees
o were layed off
o were laid off
o were lain off
o were lied off
o were laying off

Put the verb in parentheses () into the passive voice. Use past

simple passive only.

Example: Ice cream _ __ (eat) in China centuries ago. Answer: Ice

cream was eaten in China centuries ago.

A reci pe for thi s type of frozen treat _ _ __ (bring) to

ancient Rome.

A type of ice cream _ ___,_- (invent) by the Chinese many

2.
<) centuries ago.
3. By the 1200s, a second type of ice cream _____ (di scover) in
china.
4. By the seventeenth century, cream _____ (use) in the recipes
for a richer dessert.
First, the waffles
(twist) into a cone shape.
5.
(combine) to make a refreshing treat.
Fruit and ice
6.
Ice cream _____ (sell) at the 1904 world's Fair in St. Louis.
7.
(serve) by the President's wife in the White
8. Ice cream
House in the early 1800s.
In addition to fruit and ice, milk
(use) in this second
9.
recipe.
,
/10. Not enough dishes
(bring) by the ice cream vendor.
11. Recipes for the ice cream _ _ __ (bring) to America by European
immigrants.
12. The first public ice cream shop _ _ __ (open) in 1832 by a

former White House cook.

(create) many years later, in 1904.

13. The ice cream cone
14. The ice cream vendor talked with the waffle-maker and an

agreement
(make).

1.

15. The peopl e at the world's Fai r _ _ __ (delight) by this

delicious combination.

16. The waffles

(use) as serving dishes for the ice cream.
17. Then, the ice cream ______ (place) inside the cone.
18. This frozen dessert _____ (call) FROGURT.
19. This frozen dessert
(think) to have been developed by
the Chinese but recent research shows that it was first made in
India.
20. This recipe ______ (introduce) to Europe by the famous
explorer Marco Polo.

10

choose the best way to complete these passive voice sentences.

An idea
for discussion.
o put forward
0 was put forward
0 was putted forward
o was putting forward
0 were put forward
in five years time.
2. My bank loan
o will be being paid off
0 will be paid off
o will be payed off
0 will be paying off
0 will paid off
3. A story _ __
o will being made up
o will been made up
o will be maked up
0 will be made up
o will be making up
4. The candl e _ __ by the draught.
o was blewed out
o was blowout
o was being blown out
o was blowed out
0 was blown out
by this money.
5. The inconvenience
o will be mad up for
o will be made up for
o will been made up for
o will being made up for
o will made up for
6. The old cinema _ __
0 bei ng pull ed down
0 is been pull ed down
o is being pull down
0 is being pulled down
o is being pulling down
7. 3000 employees
o were laid off
0 were lain off
0 were layed off
o were laying off
0 were lied off
8. she
with a fine.
o was let off
0 was letted off
0 was letting off
o were let off
0 were let off
to you yet?
9.

1.

I'
\

\
/

11
o
o

Has the book been given back

Have the book been give back
Have the books been given back

10. Our allies

Have the book been gave back

Have the book being given back

support.
o wi 11 be 1ent
will be lended
o will being lent

will be lend
o
o will been lent
11. The road _ __
o was blocking off
0 was blocking off
0 was blocked off
o was bluck off
0 was been blocked off
12. The criminal
o was lock up
o was locked up
0 was locking up
o were locked up
o were locked up
13. The keys _ __
o must have be left behind
o must been left behind
o must have been left behind
o must have been leaving behind
last week.
14. Thirty more people
o were laying off
o were layed off
o were laid off
o were lie off
0 were lied off
15. The flood water
by barriers.
o was be kept back
0 was been kept back
o was being keep back
0 was being keept back
o was being kept back
16. The protesters ___ by the police.
o are being held back
o are being hald back
o are being holding back
o are being hold back
o are holding back
17. Nothing
me.
o can be held against
o can be hald against
o can be holding against
o can be hold against
o can held against
18. she
by a bus.
o was been knocking down
0 was being knocked down
o was knock down
0 was knocked down
0 was knocking down
o

"

12

19. she _ __

has never be heard of 0 has never been heard of

o has never been heared of
0
has never been hearing of
o have never been heard of
20. Your jacket
over there.
o can hung up
0 can be hunged up
0 can be hung up
o can be heng up
0 can be hang up
o

EVALUATE

( ')

13

put in the following phrasal verbs to build meaningful sentences.

blocked of [ ]

blown out []

given back []

heard of [ ]

held against [ ]

held back [ ]

hung up [ ]

kept back []

knocked down []

laid off [ ]

lain off [ ]

1eft behi nd [ ] 1et off [ ]

locked up [ ]

made up [ ]

( )
made up for []

paid off [ ]

pulled down [ ] put forward []

shouted at [ ]

1. Your jacket can be

over there.
2. Thirty more people were
last week.
3. They were
when they were trying to escape from prison.
4. The story was
5. The road was ______
6. The protesters are being ________ by the police.
7. The old cinema is being
8. The keys must have been
by the compensation offered.
9. The inconvenience will be
> 10.The flood water was being _________ by barriers.
11. The criminal was
12. The candl e was _________ by the draught.
13. she was _______ wi th a fi ne.

by a bus.

14.She was
15. She has never been ._ _______
16. Nothing can be _________ me.
17. My bank loan will be ________ in five years time.
to you yet?
18. Has the book been
for discussion.
19. An idea was

14

20. 3000 employees were _ _ __

PASSIVE VOICE EXERCISES

Rewrite the given sentences in passive voice.
Example:
Frank builds a house.
( ,:' Answer:
A house is built. Or A house is built by Frank.

1)

Mr Jones watches the film.

2)

The people speak English.

3)

He reads comics.

4)

We play volleyball.

>5)

They sing the song.

6)

I take photos.

7)

She does the housework.

8)

The policemen help the children.

9)

He writes text messages.

15

10)Mother waters the flowers.

passive sentences with two objects - Exercise

Rewrite the given sentences in passive voice.

sometimes there are two possible answers ( two objects in

the active sentence ).

Do not use contracted / short forms.

Example:

Tim gave Lisa some flowers.

Answer:

Some flowers .weregiven to Lisa by Tim. Or

Lisa was given some flowers by Tim.

(
\

1)

They don't speak English in this shop.

2)

Kevin asked Dennis a question.

3)

somebody built the house last year.

4)

she gives him a box.

Max will look after him.

6)

The waiter brought Fred a big steak.

7)

somebody broke into our bungalow last Friday.

8)

The teacher told us a joke.

9)

They will meet Doris at the station.

-"~.---~"'~~,~~~--~----~--~--~---~~--~---~

16

lO)Michael has not sent me a text message.

Put in the correct form of the verb in passive into the

gaps. Use the verb and the tense given in brackets.
Example:

A letter ______________ by Peter. (to write -Simple

present)

'.

Answer:

A letter is written by Peter.

1) The words __________ by the teacher today. (to explain

- simple present)
2) we
a letter the day before yesterday. (to
send - simple past)
3) This car _ _ _ _ _ , It's too old. (not/to steal - will
- future)
4) This street
because of snow,
)
(already/to close - Present perfect)
5) A new restaurant
next week. (to open - will
- future)

6) He
to the party yesterday. (to invite
simple past)

7) The blue box

. (can/not/to see - simple

present)

8) I _ _ _ _ _ the book by my fri end 1 ast Sunday.

(to give - simple past)

17

9) The dishes __________ by my little brother. (not/to

wash - present perfect)
10)1
by Robert. (not/to ask - will - future)

Rewrite the sentences using passive voice.

Example:

Peter writes a letter.

>

Answer:
A letter is writen. or
A letter is writen by Peter.

1) Julia rescued three cats.

2) The students handed in the reports.

3) Maria crashed into the blue car.

4) Alex learned the poem.

)5) Steven has forgotten the book.

6) The mechanic has not repaired the

DVD

7) They play handball.

8) Sue puts the rucksack on the floor.

9) The girls had lost the match.

recorder.

18

10)The teacher is not going to open the window.

Rewrite the given sentences in Passive voice.

Example:

Frank built a house.

, Answer:
or A house was bui7t by Frank.
1) she bought four apples.

A house was bui7t.

2) We won the match.

3) The man stole the blue car.

4) The police arrested the thieves.

5) Jack swam the 200 metres.

.
\
\
/

6) The dog bit the old lady.

7) Tom and Max ate five hamburgers.

8) oliver taught the children.

9) Victoria rode the brown horse.

19

10) Grandmother told good stories.

perfect-Engli sh-Grammar. com

Reported Questions

change these direct questions into reported speech:

1. "where is he?"
He asked me _______________________________________
2. "what are you doi ng?"

She asked me

3. "why di d you go out 1ast ni ght?"

she asked me

4. "who was that beautiful woman?"

she asked me________________________________________

~. ')

5. "How is your mother?"

She asked me _______________________________________
6. "What are you goi ng to do at the weekend?"
she asked me _______________________________________
7. "where wi 11 you 1i ve after graduati on?"

she asked me

8.

"What were you doi ng when , saw you?"

20

she asked me ________________________________________

9. "HOW was the journey?"

she asked me

10. "HOW often do you go to the ci nema?"

she asked me

11. "Do you 1i ve in London?"

she asked me ________________________________________

("

12. "Did he arrive on time?"

she asked me
13. "Have you been to pari s?"

she asked me

14. "Can you help me?"

she asked me

15. "Are you working tonight?"

she asked me

16. "will you come later?"

she asked me

17. "DO you like coffee?"

she asked me

18 .. "Is thi s the road to the station?"

she asked me _________________________________________________
19. "Did you do your homework?"
she asked me _________________________________________________

21

20."Have you studied reported speech before?"

she asked me ________________________________________________

Reported Questions - Answers:

,/1

\.7~
\

{I

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
me.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.

she
she
she
she
she
she
she
she

asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked

me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me

where he was.
what I was doing.
why I went (had gone) out last night.
who that beautiful woman was.
how my mother was.
what I was going to do at the weekend.
where I would live after graduation.
what I had been do-j ng when she saw (had seen)

she
she
she
she
she
she
she
she
she
she
she
she

asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked

me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me

how the journey was (had been).

how often I went to the cinema.
if I lived in London.
if he arrived (had arrived) on time.
if I had been to paris.
if I could help her.
if I was working tonight (that night).
if I would come later.
if I liked coffee.
if this was the road to the station.
if I did (had done) my homework.
if I had studied reported speech before.

22

perfect-English-Grammar.com
Reported Requests and orders

change the direct speech into reported speech:

(

1."please help me carry this"

she asked me

2. "pl ease come early"

she

3. "pl ease buy some milk"

she

4. "Coul d you please open the window?"

She

.")\

S."could you bring the book tonight?"

she
6."can you help me with my homework, please?"
she _______________________________________________________
7,"would you bring me a cup of coffee, please?"
she _______________________________________________________
8."would you mind passing the salt?"

23

she ________________________________________________________
9. "woul d you mi nd 1endi ng me a penci l?"
she ________________________________________________________

10."1 was wondering if you could possibly tell me the time?"

she ________________________________________________________
11. "Do your homework!"
she told me _______________________________________________

e'\

12, "Go to bed!"

she ________________________________________________________
13."Don't be late!"
she ______________________________________________________
14."Don't smoke!"
she ________________________________________________________
15 . "Ti dy you r room!"
she ________________________________________________________
16."wait here!"
she ________________________________________________________
17."Don't do that!"
she ________________________________________________________

18."Eat your dinner!"

She

19."Don't make a mess!"

she _________________________________________________________

24

20."DO the washing-up!"

she _______________________________________________________

Reported orders and Requests-Answers:

she
2.
She
She
3.
she
4.
She
5.
she
6.
She
7.
She
8.
She
9.
10. she
11. She
12. She
13. she
14. She
15. she
16. She
17. she
18. she
19. 'she
20. She
1.

asked me to hel p her carry this.

asked me to come early.
asked me to buy some milk.
asked me to open the window.
asked me to bring the book tonight (that night).
asked me to help her with her homework.
asked me to bring her a cup of coffee.
asked me to pass the salt.
asked me to lend her a pencil.
asked me to tell her the time.
told me to do my homework.
told me to go to bed.
told me not to be late.
told me not to smoke.
told me to tidy my room.
told me to wait here (there).
told me not to do that.
told me to eat my dinner.
told me not to make a mess.
told me to do the washing-up.

25

perfece-Engli sh-Grammar. com

Reported Speech (statements, Questions, Requests and orders)

change the direct speech into reported speech. choose the past simple
of 'ask', 'say' or 'tell':
1. "Don't do it!"
She ________________________________________________________

2."I'm leaving tomorrow"

she ________________________________________________________
3."please get me a cup of tea"
She ________________________________________________________
4."She got married last year"
she ________________________________________________________
S."Be quick!"
She ________________________________________________________
6."could you explain number four, please?"
she

26

7."where do you live?"

she __________________________________~-------------------8."we went to the cinema and then to a chinese restaurant"

She
9."l'll come and help you at twelve"
she __________________________________________________________

10."what are you doing tomorrow?"

she
(

11. "Don't go!"

she __________________________________________________________
12."00 you work in London?"
She __________________________________________________________
13."Could you tell me where the. post office is?"
She
14."Come here!"
she __________________________________________________________

\'

1S."l've never been to wales"

she ________________________________________________________
16."Have you ever seen 'Lord of the Rings'?"
She
17."l don't like mushrooms"
She
18."Don't silly!"
She ________________________________________________________

27

19."would you mind waiting a moment please?"

she ________________________________________________________
20."How often do you play sport?"
she ________________________________________________________

21."Come quickly!"

She ____________________-----------------------------------
\

22. "Did you arrive before seven?"

She ________________________________________________________
23."HOW was your holiday?"

She

24."I would have visited the hospital, if I had known you were
sick"
She ________________________________________________________

25."00n't touch!"

She ____________________________--------------______________

26."00 you usually cook at home?"

she ________________________________________________________
27."They had never been to Scotland until last year"
She ________________________________________________________
28~"Make sure you arrive early!"
She __------________________________________________________

29."I should have studied harder for the exam"

28

she ________________________________________________________

30."would you mind telling me how to get to the art gallery,

please?"
she ________________________________________________________

Answers:

(when

used 'said' you can also use 'told me')

31. She told me not to do it.

32. She said (that) she was leaving tomorrow (the next day).
33. She asked me to get her a cup of tea.
34. she said (that) she got married last year.
35. she told me to be quick.
36. she asked me to explain number four.
37. She asked me where I lived.
38. she said (that) they went (had been) to the cinema and then
to a chinese restaurant.
39. she said (that) she would come and help me at twelve.
40. she asked me what I was doing tomorrow (the day after).
41. she told me not to go.
42. She asked me if I worked in London.
43. She asked me to tell her where the post office was.
(or: she asked me if I could tell her where the post
office was).
44. She told me to come here (there).
45. She said (that) she had never been to wales.
46. she asked me if I had ever seen 'The Lord of the Rings'.
47. she said (that) she didn't like mushrooms.
48. She told me not to be silly.
49. She asked me to wait a moment.
(or: she asked me if I would mind waiting a moment).
50. she asked me how often I played sport.
51. she told me to come quickly.
52. she asked me if I arrived (had arrived) before seven.

29

53. she asked me how my holiday was (had been).

54. She said (that) she would have visited the hospital, if she
had known I was sick.
55. she told me not to touch.
56. she asked me if I usually cooked at home.
57. she said (that) they had never been to Scotland until last
year.
58. she told me to arrive early.

!)

59. she said (that) she should have studied harder for the exam.
60. she asked me how to get to the art gallery.
(or: she asked me if I would mind telling her how to get
to the art gallery).

30

perfece-English-Grammar.com
Reported Statements
I)

change this direct speech into reported speech:

1."He works in a bank"

she said ___________________________________________________
2."we went out last night"
she told me _________________________________________________
3."I'm coming!"
She said ___________________________________________________
4."I was waiting for the bus when he arrived"
she told me _________________________________________________
S."I'd never been there before"
she said ___________________________________________________
6."1 didn't go to the party"

she told me _________________________________________________

31

7. "Lucy'll come later"

she said ___________________________________________
8."He hasn't eaten breakfast"
she told me
9."I can help you tomorrow"
She said __________________________________

10."you should go to bed early"

She told me _______________________________________
")

11. "I don't 1 i ke chocolate"

She told me ___________________________________________
12."I won't see you tomorrow"
She said ________________________________________
.13."She's living in paris for a few months"
She said __________________________________
14."I visited my parents at the weekend"

She told me ____________________________

t)

15. "she hasn't eaten sushi before"

She said _________________________________________
16."I hadn't travelled by underground before I came to London"
She said ______________~----------------------17."They would help if they could"

She said

18. "I' 11 do the washi ng-up 1ater"

She told me ___________________________________

32

19."He could read when he was three"

she said ___________________________________________________
20."1 was sleeping when Julie called"
she said ___________________________________________________

Reported statements: Answes

(i

1.

2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

10.
11.
12.

13.
14.

15.
16.

She sai d (that) he worked ina bangk.

she told me (that) they went (had gone) out last night (the
night before).
she said (that) she was coming.
She told me (that) she was wai ti ng for the bus when he
arrived.
She sai d (that) she had never been there before.
she told me (that) she didn't go (hadn't gone) to the party.
she sai d (that) LuCY woul d come 1ater.
She told me (that) he hadn't eaten breakfast.
She said (that) she could help me tomorrow.

she told me (that) I should go to bed early.

she told me (that) she didn't like chocolate.

She said (that) she wouldn't see me tomorrow.
she said (that) she is living in paris for a few months.
She told me (that) she visited (had visited) her parents at
the wekend.
she said (that) she hadn't eaten sushi before.
she said (that) she hadn't travelled by underground before
she came to London.

33

17.
18.
19.
20.

she
She
she
she

said
told
said
said

(that) they would help if they' could.

me (that) she would do the washing-up later.
(that) he could read when he was three.
(that) she had been sleeping when Julie called.

Reported questions - Exercise 1

Explanation: Reported questions
Finish the sentences using Reported speech.

Always change the tense, although it is sometimes not necessary.

Example: Peter: "Did John clean the black shoes?"

Peter asked me ___________________________________

Answer: Peter asked me if John had cleaned the black shoes.

1)

2)

3)
4)
5)

Cri stopher: "DO zou want to dance?"

Cri stopher' asked me _________________
Betty: "whwn did yu come?"
Betty wanted to know ____________________
Mark: "Has John arri ved?"
Mark asked me _____________________
Ronald:"where does Maria park her car?"
Ronald asked me ________________
Elisabeth:"Did you watch the latest film?"

34

El i sabeth asked me ____________

6) Mandy:"can I help you?"

Mandy wanted to know ___________

7) Andrew:"will Mandy have lunch with Sue?"

Andrew asked me ___________

8) Justin:"what are you doing?"

Justin asked me ____________

9) Frank: "HOW much pocket money does Lisa get?"

Frank wanted to know ___________

10)Anne:"Must I do the shopping?"

Anne asked ___________

Reported questions - Exer;se 2

Explanation: Reported questions
Finish the sentences using reported speech.

Always change the tense, although it is sometimes not necessary.

Example: Peter:"Did John clean the black shoes yesterday?"

Peter asked me ______________________________

Answer: Peter asked me if John had cleaned the black shoes the day
before.
1) Mandy:"Are the boys reading the book?"
Yesterday Mandy asked me
2) Jason:"who gave you the laptop?"
Yesterday Jason wanted to know ___________
3) Robert:"Is Tim leaving on Friday?"
Yesterday Robert asked me ___________
4) Daniel:"will it rain tomorrow?"
Yesterday Daniel asked me ___________
5) Jennifer:"where do you play football today?"

35

Aesterday Jennifer wanted to know __________________

6) Nancy:"why didn't Nick go to New York last summer?"

Yesterday Nancy wanted to know _____________

7) Barbara:"Must I do my homework this afternoon?"

Yesterday Barbara asked me ____________

8) Linda:" Did Max fly to London two weeks ago?"

Yesterday Linda wanted to know ____________

9) Grandmother:"where are my glasses?"

Yesterday grandmother asked me _____________

10) A man:"When does the train to Liverpool leave?"

Yesterday a man asked me

Reported speech - statements with expressions of time

Exercise 2
Explanation: Reported speech - statements, sentences

Finish the sentences using Reported speech.

Always change the tense, although it is sometimes not necessary.

Example: Peter:"I clean the black shoes yesterday."

Peter told me that ______________________

Answer: peter told me that he cleaned the black shoes the day
before.
1) Emily:"Our teacher will go to Leipzig tomorrow."
Emily said that _____________________
2) Helen:"I was writing a letter yesterday."
Helen told me that ___________
3) Robert:" My father flew to Dallas last year."
Robert told me that __________________
4) Lisa:"Tim went to the stadium an hour ago."
Lisa said that _______~--__---
5) Patricia: "My mother will celebrate her birthday next weekend."

36

Patricia said that

6) Michael :"I am going to read a book this week."
Michael said to me that _____________
7) Jason and Victoria:"we will do our best in the exams tomorrow.
Jason and Victoria told me that __________________
8) Andrew:"we didn't eat fish two days ago,"
Andrew remarked that _____________
9) Alice:"I spent all my pocket money on Monday."
Alice complained that _________________
10}David:"John had already gone at six."
David said that _____________

( )

Exerci se on Reported speech

backshift

Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. change pronouns

and time expressions where necessary.
1.

she said,"I am reading,"

~she said that ___________

2.

They said,"we are busy,"

~They said that _________~___

3.

He said,"I know a better restaurant."

~He sai d that
she said, "I woke up early."

~she said that _______________

4.
5.
6.

He said,"I will ring her."

~He sai d that

They said,"we have just arrived."

~They s ai d that

37

7.
8.

He said,"I will clean the car."

~He said that __________________

she sai d, "I di d not say that."

~she

9.
10.

sai d that

she said,"I don't know where my shoes are."

~She said that _______________

He sai d, "I won't tell anyone."

~He

sai d that

Exercise on Reported speech

()

backshift and place expressions

Imagine you want to repeat sentences that you heard two
weeks ago in another place.
Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.
change pronouns and expressions of time and place where
necessary.
1.

()

They said,"This is our book."

~They

2.

said

she said, "I went to the cinema yesterday."

~she

said

3.

He sai d, "I am wri ti ng a test tomorrow."

~He sai d __________~

4.

You said,"I will do this for him."

~He said _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

5.

she sai d, "I am not hung ry now."

~She said _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

38

6.

They said,"we have never been here before."

-+They sai d

7.

They sai d, "we were in London 1ast week."

-+They sai d

8.

He said,"I will have finished this paper by tomorrow."

-+He sai d ___________

9.

He said, "They won't sleep."

-+He sai d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

10.

She said,"It is very quiet here."

-+She sai d _ _

.,

''\

,l

Exercise on Reported speech

Questions - Exercise 1

Complete the sentences 1n reported speech. Note the

change of pronouns and tenses.
1.
(')

"where is my umbrella?" she asked.

-+she asked

2.

"How are you?" Marti n asked us.

-+Martin asked us ________________

3.

He asked, "Do I have to do it?"

-+He asked

4.

"where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter.

-+The mother asked her daughter ______________

5.

"Which dress do zou like best?" she asked her boyfriend.

-+she asked her boyfriend __________________

39

6.

"What are they doi ng?" she asked.

~she wanted to known __________________

7.

"Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me.

wanted to know __________________

~He

8.

The teacher asked, "who speaks Engl ish?"

~The teacher wanted to know ___________________

9.

"HOW do you know that?" she asked me.

~she asked me __________________

10.

"Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me.

fri end asked me _______________

~My

(
\

Exercise on Reported Speech

Questions - Exercise 2

complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the

change of pronouns and tenses.

1.
~He

2.

"What's the ti me?" he asked.

wanted to know __________________

"When wi 11 we meet aga-j n?" she asked me.

~she asked me _________________

3.

"Are you crazy?" she asked him.

asked him ___________________

~she

4.
~He

5.
~He

6.

"Where did they leave?" he asked.

wanted to know __________~~----"wi 11 you be at the party?" he asked her.

asked he r _________________
"can you meet me at the station?" she asked me.

40

-+she asked me
7.
"who knows the answer?" the teacher asked.
-+The teacher wanted to know ___________________
8.

"why don't you help me?" she asked him.

-+She wanted to know __________________

9.

"Did you see that car?" he asked me.

-+He asked me __________________

10.
"Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the
tw-j ns.
-+The mother asked the twins __________________

Exercise on Reported speech

Mixed Exercise 1

complete the sentences in reported speech. Note whether

the sentence is a requests, a statement or a question.

1.
/

2.

3.

4.
5.

He said, "I li ke this song."

-+He said
"Where is your sister?" she asked me.

-+she asked me

"I don't speak Italian," she said.

-+she said
.

"say helloy to Jim," they said.

-+They asked me

"The film began at seven o'clock," he said.

-+He said

41

6.

"Don't pl ay on the grass, boys," she sa; d.

~She told the boys ___________________

"where have you spent your money?" she asked him.

asked him __________________

7.

~she

never make mistekes," he said.

sa; d __________________

8.

"I
~He

"Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.

wanted to know __________________

9.
~He

10.
~The

( )

"Dont try thi s at home," the stuntman told the audi ence.
stuntman advised the audience

Exerc; se on Reported Speech

M;xed Exercise 2

complete the sentences in reported speech.Note whether

the sentence is a request, a statement or a question and
whether you have to change the tenses or not.

.1.

said

"Be careful, Ben," she said.

~she told Ben

"I will get myself a drink," she saya.

~She says

"why haven't you phoned me?" he asked me.

~He wonde red

"I cannot drive them home," he said.

~He said

"peter, do you prefer tea or coffee?" she says.

~she

C')

2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

I was very tired," she said .

42
~She

7.
me.

"where di d you spend your ho1i days 1ast year?" she asked
~She

8.
~He

~He

"Have you been shoppi ng?" hed asked us.

wanted to know ____________

~He

"Don't make so much noise," he says.

asks us ____________

10.

asked me _____________

He said,"Don't go too far."

advi sed he r ______________

9.

asks Peter ________________

Exercise on Reported speech

Exercise 3 [] Requests (mixed)

complete the sentences in reported speech. Note the

change of pronouns in some sentences.

1.

She sai d, "Go upstai rs. "

~she told me ___________

2.

"Close the door behind you," he told me.

~He

3.

"Don't be 1ate, II he advi sed us.

~He

4.

advised us

"Stop stari ng at me," he sai d.

~she told him ___________

5.
~He

6.

told me

"Don't be angry with me," he said.

asked her _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___

"Leave me alone," She said.

43

-+she told me
7.
"Don't bri ng and drive," she warned us.
-+she warned us ___________________

8.

"John, stop smoking," she said.

-+she told John __________________

9.

"Don't worry about us," they said.

-+They told her _______________

10.

"Meet me at the cinema," he said.

-+He asked me ____________________