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WV2_Results

China 1990
Technical Record
v.2014.04.18

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

CHINA 1990
Geographical scope:
China
Fieldwork Period: - .
Universe: National Population, Both sexes,18 and more years
Sample size: 1000
Estimated Error: 3,2
Survey procedure: Missing

v.2014.04.18

WV2_Results

China 1990
Crossings by Sex and Age
v.2014.04.18

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V4.- For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life. Would you say it is:
Work
TOTAL
Very important
Rather important
Not very important
Not at all important
(N)

63.8
28.2
5.9
2.1
(1,000)

Male
66.4
25.7
6.0
1.8
(599)

Sex
Female
59.9
31.8
5.8
2.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
58.4
32.3
7.9
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
65.5
28.7
5.0
0.9
(443)

50 and more
67.3
22.4
5.1
5.1
(254)

V5.- For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life. Would you say it is:
Family
TOTAL
Very important
Rather important
Not very important
Not at all important
No answer
Dont know
(N)

62.0
32.9
4.3
0.5
0.1
0.2
(1,000)

Male
59.8
34.7
4.7
0.7
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
65.2
30.3
3.8
0.3
0.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
55.4
35.6
7.3
1.0
0.3
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
64.3
32.7
2.5
0.5
(443)

50 and more
65.7
29.9
3.9
0.4
(254)

V6.- For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life. Would you say it is:
Friends
TOTAL
Very important
Rather important
Not very important
Not at all important
Dont know
(N)

21.4
51.6
25.0
1.3
0.7
(1,000)

Male
22.5
51.6
24.4
1.0
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
19.3
51.9
26.1
1.8
1.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
30.0
49.2
19.8
0.3
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
18.7
51.2
27.8
1.8
0.5
(443)

50 and more
15.7
55.1
26.4
1.6
1.2
(254)

V7.- For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life. Would you say it is:
Leisure time
TOTAL
Very important
Rather important
Not very important
Not at all important
Dont know
(N)

13.9
29.9
48.2
7.3
0.7
(1,000)

Male
13.7
28.2
49.4
8.2
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
14.3
32.3
46.4
6.0
1.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
17.8
33.0
42.9
5.6
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
11.7
29.6
50.1
7.9
0.7
(443)

50 and more
13.0
26.8
51.2
8.3
0.8
(254)

Page 1 of 88

V8.- For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life. Would you say it is:
Politics
TOTAL
Very important
Rather important
Not very important
Not at all important
Dont know
(N)

28.7
29.4
32.3
8.2
1.4
(1,000)

Male
32.6
26.5
31.9
7.7
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
23.1
33.8
32.6
9.0
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
21.8
26.1
41.9
9.6
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
29.8
30.2
31.8
6.3
1.8
(443)

50 and more
35.0
31.9
21.7
9.8
1.6
(254)

V9.- For each of the following aspects, indicate how important it is in your life. Would you say it is:
Religion
TOTAL
Very important
Rather important
Not very important
Not at all important
Dont know
(N)

1.4
2.2
18.4
75.8
2.2
(1,000)

Male
1.7
2.8
16.5
77.3
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
1.0
1.3
21.1
73.7
3.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
2.6
23.4
70.0
2.6
(303)

Age
30-49
0.7
2.3
17.2
78.3
1.6
(443)

50 and more
2.8
1.6
14.6
78.3
2.8
(254)

V10.- When you get together with your friends, would you say you discuss political matters frequently, occasionally or
never?
TOTAL
Frequently
Occasionally
Never
Dont know
(N)

27.4
61.0
11.3
0.3
(1,000)

Male
31.4
60.1
8.0
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
21.6
62.2
16.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
23.1
65.7
11.2
(303)

Age
30-49
27.1
63.4
9.3
0.2
(443)

50 and more
33.1
51.2
15.0
0.8
(254)

V11.- When you, yourself, hold a strong opinion, do you ever find yourself persuading your friends, relatives or fellow
workers to share your views or not? If so, does this happen often, from time to time or rarely?.
TOTAL
Often
At times
Rarely
Never
Dont know
(N)

16.3
48.4
26.4
8.7
0.2
(1,000)

Male
16.7
49.2
25.7
8.2
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
15.8
47.1
27.3
9.5
0.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
16.8
51.8
24.8
6.3
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
18.3
48.3
25.3
8.1
(443)

50 and more
12.2
44.5
30.3
12.6
0.4
(254)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V12.- I am now going to read out some statements about the environment. For each one read out, can you tell me whether
you agree strongly, agree, disagree or strongly disagree? (Read out each statement and code an answer for each)
Would give part of my income
TOTAL
Agree strongly
Agree
Disagree
Disagree strongly
Dont know
(N)

23.3
52.5
19.4
2.0
2.8
(1,000)

Male
22.9
51.9
20.5
2.2
2.5
(599)

Sex
Female
23.8
53.4
17.8
1.8
3.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
24.1
54.5
16.8
2.3
2.3
(303)

Age
30-49
21.9
53.7
20.3
1.6
2.5
(443)

50 and more
24.8
48.0
20.9
2.4
3.9
(254)

V13.- I am now going to read out some statements about the environment. For each one read out, can you tell me whether
you agree strongly, agree, disagree or strongly disagree? (Read out each statement and code an answer for each)
I would agree to an increase
TOTAL
Agree strongly
Agree
Disagree
Disagree strongly
Dont know
(N)

22.4
57.7
15.4
1.7
2.8
(1,000)

Male
24.4
55.9
15.2
2.0
2.5
(599)

Sex
Female
19.5
60.7
15.3
1.3
3.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
20.1
57.8
19.1
1.7
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
24.2
56.7
15.3
1.4
2.5
(443)

50 and more
22.0
59.4
11.0
2.4
5.1
(254)

V14.- I am now going to read out some statements about the environment. For each one read out, can you tell me whether
you agree strongly, agree, disagree or strongly disagree? (Read out each statement and code an answer for each)
The Government should reduce
TOTAL
Agree strongly
Agree
Disagree
Disagree strongly
Dont know
(N)

12.9
32.1
47.8
4.8
2.4
(1,000)

Male
12.9
32.7
47.2
5.5
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
13.0
30.8
48.9
3.8
3.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
10.6
29.0
52.1
7.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
12.6
32.7
47.6
5.0
2.0
(443)

50 and more
16.1
34.6
42.9
1.6
4.7
(254)

V15.- I am now going to read out some statements about the environment. For each one I read out, can you tell me whether
you agree strongly, agree, disagree or disagree strongly? (Read out each statement and code an answer for each)
All the talk about pollutio
TOTAL
Agree strongly
Agree
Disagree
Disagree strongly
No answer
Dont know
(N)

4.9
26.5
51.7
10.8
0.1
6.0
(1,000)

Male
5.5
27.5
49.6
11.9
0.2
5.3
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
24.8
54.9
9.3
7.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
4.3
27.4
53.5
11.9
0.3
2.6
(303)

Age
30-49
4.5
25.5
53.3
10.6
6.1
(443)

50 and more
6.3
27.2
46.9
9.8
9.8
(254)

V16.- I am now going to read out some statements about the environment. For each one I read out, can you tell me whether
you agree strongly, agree, disagree or disagree strongly? (Read out each statement and code an answer for each)
If we want to combat unempl
TOTAL
Agree strongly
Agree
Disagree
Disagree strongly
No answer
Dont know
(N)

2.8
20.9
52.7
15.4
0.2
8.0
(1,000)

Male
3.2
20.9
53.4
15.4
0.2
7.0
(599)

Sex
Female
2.3
21.1
51.6
15.3
0.3
9.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
2.6
20.5
52.5
17.8
0.3
6.3
(303)

Age
30-49
3.6
20.8
55.1
13.3
0.2
7.0
(443)

50 and more
1.6
21.7
48.8
16.1
11.8
(254)

V17.- I am now going to read out some statements about the environment. For each one I read out, can you tell me whether
you agree strongly, agree, disagree or disagree strongly?. (Read out each statement and code an answer for each)
Protecting the environment
TOTAL
Agree strongly
Agree
Disagree
Disagree strongly
No answer
Dont know
(N)

4.5
26.0
45.6
18.6
0.1
5.2
(1,000)

Male
3.8
27.0
45.2
19.0
0.2
4.7
(599)

Sex
Female
5.5
24.3
46.1
18.0
6.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
4.6
23.8
43.2
24.8
0.3
3.3
(303)

Age
30-49
4.1
28.0
46.7
17.2
4.1
(443)

50 and more
5.1
25.2
46.5
13.8
9.4
(254)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
25.4
36.6
34.0
2.0
0.3
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
31.6
37.7
25.7
2.3
0.9
1.8
(443)

50 and more
22.8
44.5
27.2
2.0
0.4
3.1
(254)

V18.- Taking all things together, would you say you are:
TOTAL
Very happy
Rather happy
Not very happy
Not at all happy
No answer
Dont know
(N)

27.5
39.1
28.6
2.1
0.6
2.1
(1,000)

Male
27.7
38.9
29.0
1.7
0.7
2.0
(599)

Sex
Female
27.3
39.3
27.8
2.8
0.5
2.3
(399)

V19.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Social welfare services for elderly, handicapped or deprived people
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

3.7
96.3
(1,000)

Male
3.7
96.3
(599)

Sex
Female
3.8
96.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.6
97.4
(303)

Age
30-49
3.8
96.2
(443)

50 and more
4.7
95.3
(254)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V20.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Religious or church organisations
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

1.4
98.6
(1,000)

Male
1.2
98.8
(599)

Sex
Female
1.8
98.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
99.7
(303)

Age
30-49
1.8
98.2
(443)

50 and more
2.0
98.0
(254)

V21.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Education, arts, music or cultural activities
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

7.3
92.7
(1,000)

Male
8.0
92.0
(599)

Sex
Female
6.3
93.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
9.2
90.8
(303)

Age
30-49
4.7
95.3
(443)

50 and more
9.4
90.6
(254)

V22.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Labour unions
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

1.7
98.3
(1,000)

Male
2.0
98.0
(599)

Sex
Female
1.3
98.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.7
98.3
(303)

Age
30-49
2.3
97.7
(443)

50 and more
0.8
99.2
(254)

V23.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Political parties or groups
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

35.1
64.9
(1,000)

Male
38.1
61.9
(599)

Sex
Female
30.6
69.4
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
22.4
77.6
(303)

Age
30-49
41.3
58.7
(443)

50 and more
39.4
60.6
(254)

V24.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Local community action on issues like poverty, employment, housing, racial equality
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

0.6
99.4
(1,000)

Male
0.8
99.2
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
99.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.7
99.3
(303)

Age
30-49
0.5
99.5
(443)

50 and more
0.8
99.2
(254)

Page 2 of 88

V25.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Third world development or human rights
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

0.6
99.4
(1,000)

Male
0.5
99.5
(599)

Sex
Female
0.8
99.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
100.0
(303)

Age
30-49
1.1
98.9
(443)

50 and more
0.4
99.6
(254)

V26.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and saywhich, if any, do you
belong to?
Conservation, environment groups
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

1.0
99.0
(1,000)

Male
1.2
98.8
(599)

Sex
Female
0.8
99.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.0
99.0
(303)

Age
30-49
1.1
98.9
(443)

50 and more
0.8
99.2
(254)

V27.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Professional associations
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

25.7
74.3
(1,000)

Male
26.0
74.0
(599)

Sex
Female
25.1
74.9
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
15.2
84.8
(303)

Age
30-49
32.5
67.5
(443)

50 and more
26.4
73.6
(254)

V28.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Youth work (e.g. scouts, guides, youth clubs etc.)
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

9.2
90.8
(1,000)

Male
7.8
92.2
(599)

Sex
Female
11.0
89.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
17.2
82.8
(303)

Age
30-49
7.7
92.3
(443)

50 and more
2.4
97.6
(254)

V29.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Sports or recreation
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

4.4
95.6
(1,000)

Male
4.5
95.5
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
96.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
6.9
93.1
(303)

Age
30-49
3.4
96.6
(443)

50 and more
3.1
96.9
(254)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V30.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Women's groups
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

3.1
96.9
(1,000)

Male
0.2
99.8
(599)

Sex
Female
7.5
92.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.3
97.7
(303)

Age
30-49
3.6
96.4
(443)

50 and more
3.1
96.9
(254)

V31.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Peace movement
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

0.5
99.5
(1,000)

Male
0.3
99.7
(599)

Sex
Female
0.8
99.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
99.7
(303)

Age
30-49
0.2
99.8
(443)

50 and more
1.2
98.8
(254)

V32.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and saywhich, if any, do you
belong to?
Animal rights groups.
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

0.3
99.7
(1,000)

Male
0.2
99.8
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
99.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
99.7
(303)

Age
30-49
100.0
(443)

50 and more
0.8
99.2
(254)

V33.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Voluntary organisations concerned with health
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

1.6
98.4
(1,000)

Male
2.0
98.0
(599)

Sex
Female
1.0
99.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.0
98.0
(303)

Age
30-49
1.6
98.4
(443)

50 and more
1.2
98.8
(254)

V34.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Other groups
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

2.0
98.0
(1,000)

Male
1.8
98.2
(599)

Sex
Female
2.3
97.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.0
98.0
(303)

Age
30-49
1.8
98.2
(443)

50 and more
2.4
97.6
(254)

V35.- Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organisations and activities and say...which, if any, do you
belong to?
Belong none
TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

33.0
67.0
(1,000)

Male
31.4
68.6
(599)

Sex
Female
35.6
64.4
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
43.6
56.4
(303)

Age
30-49
26.4
73.6
(443)

50 and more
31.9
68.1
(254)

Male
3.5
96.5
(599)

Sex
Female
3.0
97.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
3.3
96.7
(303)

Age
30-49
3.4
96.6
(443)

50 and more
3.1
96.9
(254)

Age
30-49
16.0
84.0
(443)

50 and more
19.3
80.7
(254)

Age
30-49
2.3
97.7
(443)

50 and more
2.8
97.2
(254)

Age
30-49
6.5
93.5
(443)

50 and more
9.4
90.6
(254)

Age
30-49
0.7
99.3
(443)

50 and more
0.8
99.2
(254)

V36.- MEMBER: DONT KNOW


TOTAL
Belongs
No
(N)

3.3
96.7
(1,000)

V37.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Social welfare services for elderly, handicapped or deprived people
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

15.8
84.2
(1,000)

Male
18.0
82.0
(599)

Sex
Female
12.5
87.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
12.5
87.5
(303)

V38.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Religious or church organisations
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

2.0
98.0
(1,000)

Male
2.2
97.8
(599)

Sex
Female
1.8
98.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.0
99.0
(303)

V39.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Education, arts, music or cultural activities
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

8.4
91.6
(1,000)

Male
8.8
91.2
(599)

Sex
Female
7.8
92.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
10.2
89.8
(303)

V40.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Labor unions
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

0.8
99.2
(1,000)

Male
1.0
99.0
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
99.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.0
99.0
(303)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V41.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Political parties or groups
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

25.8
74.2
(1,000)

Male
28.9
71.1
(599)

Sex
Female
21.1
78.9
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
13.9
86.1
(303)

Age
30-49
31.8
68.2
(443)

50 and more
29.5
70.5
(254)

Age
30-49
4.7
95.3
(443)

50 and more
4.7
95.3
(254)

Age
30-49
0.5
99.5
(443)

50 and more
100.0
(254)

Age
30-49
1.8
98.2
(443)

50 and more
2.0
98.0
(254)

Age
30-49
23.3
76.7
(443)

50 and more
14.2
85.8
(254)

Age
30-49
9.3
90.7
(443)

50 and more
4.3
95.7
(254)

V42.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Local community action on issues like poverty, employment, housing, racial equality
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

4.5
95.5
(1,000)

Male
4.8
95.2
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
96.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
4.0
96.0
(303)

V43.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Third world development or human rights
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

0.2
99.8
(1,000)

Male
0.3
99.7
(599)

Sex
Female
100.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
100.0
(303)

V44.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Conservation, environmental, groups.
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

2.0
98.0
(1,000)

Male
3.0
97.0
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
99.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.3
97.7
(303)

V45.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Professional associations
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

17.1
82.9
(1,000)

Male
18.0
82.0
(599)

Sex
Female
15.5
84.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
10.6
89.4
(303)

V46.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Youth work (scouts, guides, youth clubs, etc.)
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

10.2
89.8
(1,000)

Male
9.5
90.5
(599)

Sex
Female
11.0
89.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
16.5
83.5
(303)

Page 3 of 88

V47.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Sports or recreation
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

5.8
94.2
(1,000)

Male
6.0
94.0
(599)

Sex
Female
5.5
94.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
9.2
90.8
(303)

Age
30-49
4.7
95.3
(443)

50 and more
3.5
96.5
(254)

Age
30-49
4.3
95.7
(443)

50 and more
2.8
97.2
(254)

V48.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Women's groups
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

3.0
97.0
(1,000)

Male
0.5
99.5
(599)

Sex
Female
6.8
93.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
98.7
(303)

V49.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Peace movement
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

0.3
99.7
(1,000)

Male
0.2
99.8
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
99.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.7
99.3
(303)

Age
30-49
100.0
(443)

50 and more
0.4
99.6
(254)

Age
30-49
0.2
99.8
(443)

50 and more
0.4
99.6
(254)

Age
30-49
2.0
98.0
(443)

50 and more
1.2
98.8
(254)

Age
30-49
1.6
98.4
(443)

50 and more
0.8
99.2
(254)

V50.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Animal rights groups.
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

0.3
99.7
(1,000)

Male
0.3
99.7
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
99.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
99.7
(303)

V51.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Voluntary organisations concerned with health
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

1.6
98.4
(1,000)

Male
1.8
98.2
(599)

Sex
Female
1.3
98.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
98.7
(303)

V52.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Other social groups
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

1.6
98.4
(1,000)

Male
1.3
98.7
(599)

Sex
Female
2.0
98.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.3
97.7
(303)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V53.- And for which, if any, are you currently doing unpaid voluntary work?
Unpaid work none
TOTAL
Works
No
(N)

29.9
70.1
(1,000)

Male
28.2
71.8
(599)

Sex
Female
32.6
67.4
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
34.3
65.7
(303)

Age
30-49
25.3
74.7
(443)

50 and more
32.7
67.3
(254)

V55.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
A sense of solidarity with the poor and disadvantaged
TOTAL
Not at all important
2
3
4
Very important
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

6.8
3.7
12.8
14.7
19.4
39.0
3.6
(1,000)
3.63
1.32
(574)

Male
7.2
4.0
13.0
15.4
20.7
36.4
3.3
(599)
3.64
1.33
(361)

Sex
Female
6.3
3.3
12.5
13.8
17.3
42.9
4.0
(399)
3.61
1.31
(212)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.00
(1)

up to 29
7.9
6.6
12.2
11.9
11.2
48.2
2.0
(303)
3.24
1.36
(151)

Age
30-49
6.5
2.9
14.9
16.5
22.1
32.3
4.7
(443)
3.71
1.28
(279)

50 and more
5.9
1.6
9.8
15.0
24.4
39.8
3.5
(254)
3.89
1.29
(144)

V56.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
Compassion for those in need
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

4.6
3.6
12.4
18.9
16.7
39.3
4.5
(1,000)
3.70
1.19
(562)

Male
4.7
4.5
13.0
19.5
17.2
36.4
4.7
(599)
3.68
1.20
(353)

Sex
Female
4.5
2.3
11.5
18.0
15.8
43.6
4.3
(399)
3.74
1.19
(208)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.00
(1)

up to 29
5.6
5.3
12.9
13.9
11.6
48.2
2.6
(303)
3.42
1.27
(149)

Age
30-49
4.5
3.2
13.3
20.8
20.3
32.7
5.2
(443)
3.79
1.17
(275)

50 and more
3.5
2.4
10.2
21.7
16.5
40.2
5.5
(254)
3.83
1.11
(138)

V57.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
An opportunity to repay something, give something back
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

25.6
10.2
9.5
4.8
4.0
39.4
6.5
(1,000)
2.10
1.29
(541)

Male
26.2
11.7
8.8
5.3
4.0
36.6
7.3
(599)
2.10
1.28
(336)

Sex
Female
24.6
8.0
10.5
4.0
4.0
43.6
5.3
(399)
2.12
1.30
(204)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
1.00
(1)

up to 29
21.1
8.9
7.6
5.3
5.3
48.2
3.6
(303)
2.27
1.40
(146)

Age
30-49
30.7
11.1
10.8
5.0
2.9
32.5
7.0
(443)
1.98
1.21
(268)

50 and more
22.0
10.2
9.4
3.9
4.3
40.9
9.1
(254)
2.17
1.31
(127)

V58.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
A sense of duty, moral obligation
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

3.0
3.5
8.2
19.9
22.4
39.1
3.9
(1,000)
3.97
1.12
(570)

Male
3.3
3.0
8.5
22.4
22.9
36.2
3.7
(599)
3.97
1.11
(360)

Sex
Female
2.5
4.3
7.5
16.3
21.8
43.4
4.3
(399)
3.97
1.15
(209)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
(1)

up to 29
2.6
2.6
8.3
19.1
16.8
48.2
2.3
(303)
3.91
1.10
(150)

Age
30-49
3.8
3.8
8.1
21.4
26.4
32.3
4.1
(443)
3.99
1.15
(282)

50 and more
2.0
3.9
8.3
18.1
22.0
40.2
5.5
(254)
4.00
1.09
(138)

V59.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
Identifying with people who were suffering
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

4.9
3.4
12.6
21.3
13.9
39.0
4.9
(1,000)
3.64
1.17
(561)

Male
5.3
3.2
13.0
22.4
15.5
36.1
4.5
(599)
3.67
1.18
(356)

Sex
Female
4.3
3.8
11.8
19.8
11.5
43.4
5.5
(399)
3.60
1.16
(204)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
(1)

up to 29
5.0
4.3
10.6
16.5
12.2
48.2
3.3
(303)
3.55
1.25
(147)

Age
30-49
5.0
3.8
15.8
22.6
15.1
32.3
5.4
(443)
3.63
1.15
(276)

50 and more
4.7
1.6
9.4
24.8
13.8
39.8
5.9
(254)
3.76
1.13
(138)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V60.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
Time on my hands, wanted something worthwhile to do
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

3.8
3.6
8.8
21.0
19.9
39.2
3.7
(1,000)
3.87
1.16
(571)

Male
4.3
3.7
8.7
21.7
20.7
36.4
4.5
(599)
3.86
1.18
(354)

Sex
Female
3.0
3.5
9.0
20.1
18.5
43.4
2.5
(399)
3.88
1.12
(216)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.00
(1)

up to 29
1.3
3.3
8.9
20.5
16.5
48.2
1.3
(303)
3.94
1.00
(153)

Age
30-49
6.1
3.6
8.8
22.3
22.3
32.7
4.1
(443)
3.81
1.25
(280)

50 and more
2.8
3.9
8.7
19.3
19.7
39.8
5.9
(254)
3.91
1.13
(138)

V61.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
Purely for personal satisfaction
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

20.8
10.7
12.6
7.9
4.0
39.2
4.8
(1,000)
2.35
1.30
(560)

Male
21.7
11.0
13.7
7.8
4.2
36.4
5.2
(599)
2.35
1.29
(350)

Sex
Female
19.5
10.3
10.8
8.0
3.8
43.4
4.3
(399)
2.35
1.31
(209)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
(1)

up to 29
13.2
9.2
14.2
7.3
5.0
48.2
3.0
(303)
2.62
1.30
(148)

Age
30-49
25.3
12.0
13.8
8.1
3.4
32.5
5.0
(443)
2.24
1.26
(277)

50 and more
22.0
10.2
8.7
8.3
3.9
40.2
6.7
(254)
2.28
1.34
(135)

V62.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
Religious beliefs
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

46.1
2.7
2.0
1.6
2.3
39.2
6.1
(1,000)
1.38
1.00
(547)

Male
49.1
3.0
1.8
1.0
2.3
36.4
6.3
(599)
1.33
0.94
(343)

Sex
Female
41.6
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.3
43.4
5.8
(399)
1.46
1.08
(203)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
1.00
(1)

up to 29
38.3
3.3
2.3
2.3
1.7
48.2
4.0
(303)
1.45
1.03
(145)

Age
30-49
51.9
2.5
2.5
1.8
2.0
32.5
6.8
(443)
1.35
0.94
(269)

50 and more
45.3
2.4
0.8
0.4
3.5
40.2
7.5
(254)
1.37
1.06
(133)

Page 4 of 88

V63.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
To help give disadvantaged people hope and dignity
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

5.6
6.2
12.5
16.5
14.7
39.2
5.3
(1,000)
3.51
1.27
(555)

Male
5.5
6.7
12.5
17.4
15.9
36.4
5.7
(599)
3.54
1.27
(347)

Sex
Female
5.8
5.3
12.5
15.3
13.0
43.4
4.8
(399)
3.47
1.28
(207)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.00
(1)

up to 29
4.3
10.6
11.2
10.6
11.6
48.2
3.6
(303)
3.30
1.29
(146)

Age
30-49
6.3
4.5
16.0
17.6
17.4
32.5
5.6
(443)
3.57
1.25
(274)

50 and more
5.9
3.9
7.9
21.7
13.8
40.2
6.7
(254)
3.63
1.26
(135)

V64.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
To make a contribution to my local community
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

5.9
4.0
13.6
17.6
15.5
39.2
4.2
(1,000)
3.58
1.25
(566)

Male
6.2
4.7
13.0
19.2
16.5
36.4
4.0
(599)
3.59
1.26
(357)

Sex
Female
5.5
2.8
14.5
15.3
14.0
43.4
4.5
(399)
3.57
1.24
(208)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.00
(1)

up to 29
5.3
5.3
13.2
14.2
10.6
48.2
3.3
(303)
3.40
1.25
(147)

Age
30-49
6.8
3.4
14.9
18.7
19.2
32.5
4.5
(443)
3.64
1.26
(279)

50 and more
5.1
3.5
11.8
19.7
15.0
40.2
4.7
(254)
3.65
1.21
(140)

V65.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
To bring about social or political change
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

17.0
7.7
12.2
9.2
8.0
39.2
6.7
(1,000)
2.70
1.44
(541)

Male
16.7
7.5
13.7
10.4
9.2
36.4
6.2
(599)
2.79
1.44
(344)

Sex
Female
17.5
7.8
10.0
7.5
6.3
43.4
7.5
(399)
2.54
1.43
(196)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.00
(1)

up to 29
13.5
8.6
11.9
8.3
5.3
48.2
4.3
(303)
2.65
1.35
(144)

Age
30-49
18.5
8.6
12.4
10.6
9.5
32.5
7.9
(443)
2.73
1.46
(264)

50 and more
18.5
5.1
12.2
7.9
8.7
40.2
7.5
(254)
2.68
1.50
(133)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V66.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
For social reasons, to meet people
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

13.3
7.9
14.1
13.2
7.7
39.2
4.6
(1,000)
2.90
1.36
(562)

Male
13.0
7.8
14.5
15.2
8.7
36.4
4.3
(599)
2.98
1.36
(355)

Sex
Female
13.8
8.0
13.5
10.3
6.0
43.4
5.0
(399)
2.74
1.35
(206)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.00
(1)

up to 29
6.3
6.9
11.9
15.2
9.6
48.2
2.0
(303)
3.30
1.28
(151)

Age
30-49
15.8
8.8
17.2
12.2
8.4
32.5
5.2
(443)
2.82
1.36
(276)

50 and more
17.3
7.5
11.4
12.6
4.3
40.2
6.7
(254)
2.61
1.37
(135)

V67.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
To gain new skills and useful experience
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

7.4
4.1
8.7
16.1
19.6
39.3
4.8
(1,000)
3.65
1.37
(559)

Male
6.7
4.2
7.7
16.9
23.0
36.6
5.0
(599)
3.78
1.34
(350)

Sex
Female
8.5
4.0
10.0
15.0
14.5
43.4
4.5
(399)
3.44
1.40
(208)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
(1)

up to 29
3.6
3.0
7.3
14.9
20.5
48.2
2.6
(303)
3.93
1.21
(149)

Age
30-49
8.1
3.6
9.7
18.1
22.6
32.7
5.2
(443)
3.70
1.36
(275)

50 and more
10.6
6.3
8.7
14.2
13.4
40.2
6.7
(254)
3.25
1.46
(135)

V68.- Thinking about your reasons for doing voluntary work, please use the following five-point scale to indicate how
important each of the reasons below have been in your own case.
I did not want to, but could not refuse
TOTAL
import2
3
4
import+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

26.3
8.8
13.5
5.0
2.2
39.3
4.9
(1,000)
2.07
1.19
(558)

Male
26.0
10.0
14.2
6.0
2.7
36.6
4.5
(599)
2.14
1.22
(353)

Sex
Female
26.8
6.8
12.5
3.5
1.5
43.4
5.5
(399)
1.95
1.15
(204)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.00
(1)

up to 29
21.5
10.6
9.9
4.6
2.6
48.2
2.6
(303)
2.11
1.22
(149)

Age
30-49
29.6
8.4
15.3
5.6
2.9
32.7
5.4
(443)
2.09
1.23
(274)

50 and more
26.4
7.5
14.6
4.3
0.4
40.2
6.7
(254)
1.96
1.08
(135)

V69.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
People with a criminal record
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

41.4
58.6
(1,000)

Male
39.9
60.1
(599)

Sex
Female
43.9
56.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
35.3
64.7
(303)

Age
30-49
43.6
56.4
(443)

50 and more
44.9
55.1
(254)

V70.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
People of a different race
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

11.9
88.1
(1,000)

Male
10.4
89.6
(599)

Sex
Female
14.0
86.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
9.9
90.1
(303)

Age
30-49
11.7
88.3
(443)

50 and more
14.6
85.4
(254)

V72.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Heavy drinkers
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

57.5
42.5
(1,000)

Male
53.9
46.1
(599)

Sex
Female
62.9
37.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
56.1
43.9
(303)

Age
30-49
58.0
42.0
(443)

50 and more
58.3
41.7
(254)

V74.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
People with large families
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

18.7
81.3
(1,000)

Male
17.7
82.3
(599)

Sex
Female
20.1
79.9
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
15.8
84.2
(303)

Age
30-49
19.2
80.8
(443)

50 and more
21.3
78.7
(254)

V75.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Emotionally unstable people
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

45.6
54.4
(1,000)

Male
42.7
57.3
(599)

Sex
Female
49.9
50.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
41.3
58.7
(303)

Age
30-49
46.7
53.3
(443)

50 and more
48.8
51.2
(254)

V76.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Musulmanes
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

12.1
87.9
(1,000)

Male
11.0
89.0
(599)

Sex
Female
13.5
86.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
8.9
91.1
(303)

Age
30-49
13.3
86.7
(443)

50 and more
13.8
86.2
(254)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V77.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Immigrants
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

12.7
87.3
(1,000)

Male
10.5
89.5
(599)

Sex
Female
15.5
84.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
10.2
89.8
(303)

Age
30-49
14.0
86.0
(443)

50 and more
13.4
86.6
(254)

V78.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Neighbors: People who have AIDS
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

76.2
23.8
(1,000)

Male
75.3
24.7
(599)

Sex
Female
77.4
22.6
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
79.5
20.5
(303)

Age
30-49
76.3
23.7
(443)

50 and more
72.0
28.0
(254)

V79.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Drug addicts
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

76.0
24.0
(1,000)

Male
74.8
25.2
(599)

Sex
Female
77.7
22.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
77.2
22.8
(303)

Age
30-49
77.0
23.0
(443)

50 and more
72.8
27.2
(254)

V80.- On this list are various groups of people. Could you please sort out any that you would not like to have as neighbors?
Homosexuals
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

71.9
28.1
(1,000)

Male
71.1
28.9
(599)

Sex
Female
72.9
27.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
73.9
26.1
(303)

Age
30-49
72.5
27.5
(443)

50 and more
68.5
31.5
(254)

V83.- All in all, how would you describe your state of health these days? Would you say it is... (READ OUT REVERSING
ORDER FOR ALTERNATE CONTACTS)
TOTAL
Very good
Good
Fair
Poor
Very poor
No answer
Dont know
(N)

31.6
24.1
38.7
4.7
0.5
0.2
0.2
(1,000)

Male
34.2
26.9
35.6
2.7
0.3
0.2
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
27.6
19.8
43.6
7.8
0.8
0.3
0.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
37.0
24.1
34.3
4.0
0.3
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
31.2
25.1
39.3
3.4
0.7
0.2
0.2
(443)

50 and more
26.0
22.4
42.9
7.9
0.4
0.4
(254)

Page 5 of 88

V84.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Particularly excited or interested in something
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

42.0
56.7
0.9
0.4
(1,000)

Male
46.4
52.3
0.7
0.7
(599)

Sex
Female
35.3
63.4
1.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
50.2
48.5
1.0
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
38.8
60.0
0.7
0.5
(443)

50 and more
37.8
60.6
1.2
0.4
(254)

V85.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
So restless you couldn't sit long in a chair
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

27.9
71.1
0.6
0.4
(1,000)

Male
28.5
70.5
0.5
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
27.1
71.9
0.8
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
31.4
67.7
0.7
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
27.1
72.0
0.5
0.5
(443)

50 and more
25.2
73.6
0.8
0.4
(254)

V86.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Proud because someone had complimented you on something you had done
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

26.2
72.4
0.8
0.6
(1,000)

Male
26.2
72.1
0.8
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
26.3
72.7
0.8
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
26.7
71.9
0.7
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
27.5
70.9
0.7
0.9
(443)

50 and more
23.2
75.6
1.2
(254)

V87.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Very lonely or remote from other people
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

9.9
88.7
1.1
0.3
(1,000)

Male
9.0
89.6
1.0
0.3
(599)

Sex
Female
11.3
87.2
1.3
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
15.5
83.2
1.0
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
7.4
91.2
0.9
0.5
(443)

50 and more
7.5
90.9
1.6
(254)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V88.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Pleased about having accomplished something
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

65.8
33.2
0.6
0.4
(1,000)

Male
67.1
32.1
0.3
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
63.7
35.1
1.0
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
65.3
33.7
0.7
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
67.9
31.2
0.5
0.5
(443)

50 and more
62.6
36.2
0.8
0.4
(254)

V89.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Bored
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

31.0
67.6
0.9
0.5
(1,000)

Male
28.7
69.9
0.8
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
34.6
63.9
1.0
0.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
37.0
62.0
0.7
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
32.1
66.4
1.1
0.5
(443)

50 and more
22.0
76.4
0.8
0.8
(254)

V90.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
On top of the world/feeling that life is wonderful
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

54.3
43.7
1.1
0.9
(1,000)

Male
52.8
45.7
0.7
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
56.6
40.6
1.8
1.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
48.8
49.5
1.0
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
55.8
42.4
0.7
1.1
(443)

50 and more
58.3
39.0
2.0
0.8
(254)

V91.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Depressed or very unhappy
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

17.0
81.0
1.5
0.5
(1,000)

Male
17.0
81.0
1.7
0.3
(599)

Sex
Female
17.0
81.0
1.3
0.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
20.1
77.9
1.7
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
17.8
80.4
1.4
0.5
(443)

50 and more
11.8
85.8
1.6
0.8
(254)

V92.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
That things were going your way
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

50.7
47.5
1.1
0.7
(1,000)

Male
50.4
48.1
1.0
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
51.1
46.6
1.3
1.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
45.2
53.1
1.0
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
55.1
43.8
0.2
0.9
(443)

50 and more
49.6
47.2
2.8
0.4
(254)

V93.- We are interested in the way people are feeling these days. During the past few weeks, did you ever feel...(READ
OUT AND MARK ONE CODE FOR EACH STATEMENT)
Upset because somebody criticized you
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

8.3
90.1
1.3
0.3
(1,000)

Male
7.5
91.0
1.2
0.3
(599)

Sex
Female
9.5
88.7
1.5
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
11.9
86.8
1.0
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
7.2
91.4
1.1
0.2
(443)

50 and more
5.9
91.7
2.0
0.4
(254)

V94.- Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you need to be very careful in dealing with
people?
TOTAL
Trusted
Careful
No answer
Dont know
(N)

59.4
39.1
0.1
1.4
(1,000)

Male
59.8
38.9
0.2
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
58.9
39.3
1.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
57.8
41.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
56.7
41.5
0.2
1.6
(443)

50 and more
66.1
32.3
1.6
(254)

V95.- Some people feel they have completely free choice and control over their lives, while other people feel that what they
do has no real effect on what happens to them. Please use this scale where 1 means "none at all" and 10 means "a great
deal" to indicate
TOTAL
None
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 a lot
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

1.5
2.1
3.8
4.1
11.6
13.4
14.9
22.6
10.4
14.9
0.1
0.6
(1,000)
7.05
2.16
(993)

Male
1.5
2.2
3.0
4.2
10.4
12.5
16.0
23.2
10.9
15.5
0.2
0.5
(599)
7.14
2.14
(595)

Sex
Female
1.5
2.0
5.0
4.0
13.5
14.8
13.0
21.6
9.8
14.0
0.8
(399)
6.90
2.19
(396)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
7.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
0.7
3.6
4.0
4.6
14.2
18.8
15.2
21.8
6.6
10.2
0.3
(303)
6.67
2.07
(302)

Age
30-49
2.0
1.8
3.4
4.1
9.9
12.0
16.7
21.9
10.2
17.4
0.2
0.5
(443)
7.16
2.19
(440)

50 and more
1.6
0.8
4.3
3.5
11.4
9.4
11.4
24.8
15.4
16.1
1.2
(254)
7.31
2.15
(251)

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V96.- All things considered, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days? Please use this card to help with
your answer.
TOTAL
satisfy2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
satisfy+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

2.2
1.0
2.1
4.0
9.0
13.8
13.9
24.2
12.9
16.5
0.1
0.3
(1,000)
7.29
2.10
(996)

Male
2.0
0.8
2.3
3.7
8.7
14.0
14.0
22.4
13.5
18.0
0.2
0.3
(599)
7.36
2.10
(596)

Sex
Female
2.5
1.3
1.8
4.5
9.5
13.5
13.5
26.8
12.0
14.3
0.3
(399)
7.19
2.11
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
7.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
3.0
2.0
1.7
6.3
10.9
19.1
16.2
19.5
11.2
9.9
0.3
(303)
6.77
2.13
(302)

Age
30-49
1.8
0.7
2.9
3.2
8.4
11.5
14.0
27.3
12.0
17.8
0.2
0.2
(443)
7.41
2.06
(441)

50 and more
2.0
0.4
1.2
2.8
7.9
11.4
11.0
24.4
16.5
22.0
0.4
(254)
7.70
2.03
(253)

V97.- Why are there people in this country who live in need? Here are four possible reasons. Which one reason do you
consider to be most important?
First choice
TOTAL
Unlucky
Laziness
Injustice
Progress
Hone
No answer
Dont know
(N)

14.2
12.1
35.5
28.4
7.3
0.3
2.2
(1,000)

Male
13.0
12.5
36.6
29.5
6.7
0.3
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
15.5
11.5
34.1
26.8
8.3
0.3
3.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
13.5
10.6
34.0
34.3
5.0
0.3
2.3
(303)

Age
30-49
11.7
12.4
37.0
27.5
9.0
0.2
2.0
(443)

50 and more
19.3
13.4
34.6
22.8
7.1
0.4
2.4
(254)

V98.- Why are there people in this country who live in need? Here are four possible reasons. Which one reason do you
consider to be most important?
Second choice
TOTAL
Unlucky
Laziness
Injustice
Progress
Hone
No answer
Dont know
(N)

16.8
15.6
30.3
23.0
10.2
0.2
3.9
(1,000)

Male
16.9
15.9
32.6
21.4
10.7
2.7
(599)

Sex
Female
16.8
15.0
26.8
25.6
9.5
0.5
5.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
16.2
17.8
35.3
21.1
6.3
0.3
3.0
(303)

Age
30-49
17.6
14.7
28.0
23.5
11.5
0.2
4.5
(443)

50 and more
16.1
14.6
28.3
24.4
12.6
3.9
(254)

Page 6 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V99.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Good pay
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

67.8
32.2
(1,000)

Male
66.3
33.7
(599)

Sex
Female
69.9
30.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
66.7
33.3
(303)

Age
30-49
71.6
28.4
(443)

50 and more
62.6
37.4
(254)

V100.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Pleasant people to work with
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

55.2
44.8
(1,000)

Male
54.6
45.4
(599)

Sex
Female
56.1
43.9
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
55.1
44.9
(303)

Age
30-49
56.2
43.8
(443)

50 and more
53.5
46.5
(254)

V101.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Not too much pressure
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

30.0
70.0
(1,000)

Male
26.9
73.1
(599)

Sex
Female
34.3
65.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
25.7
74.3
(303)

Age
30-49
32.3
67.7
(443)

50 and more
31.1
68.9
(254)

V102.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Good job security
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

43.7
56.3
(1,000)

Male
41.1
58.9
(599)

Sex
Female
47.6
52.4
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
36.3
63.7
(303)

Age
30-49
46.5
53.5
(443)

50 and more
47.6
52.4
(254)

V103.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Good chances for promotion
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

27.2
72.8
(1,000)

Male
25.7
74.3
(599)

Sex
Female
29.3
70.7
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
29.4
70.6
(303)

Age
30-49
29.6
70.4
(443)

50 and more
20.5
79.5
(254)

Page 7 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V104.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
A job respected by people in general
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

46.8
53.2
(1,000)

Male
44.6
55.4
(599)

Sex
Female
50.1
49.9
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
45.9
54.1
(303)

Age
30-49
49.2
50.8
(443)

50 and more
43.7
56.3
(254)

V105.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Good hours
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

36.8
63.2
(1,000)

Male
32.7
67.3
(599)

Sex
Female
42.6
57.4
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
36.6
63.4
(303)

Age
30-49
38.8
61.2
(443)

50 and more
33.5
66.5
(254)

V106.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
An opportunity to use initiative
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

52.0
48.0
(1,000)

Male
56.3
43.7
(599)

Sex
Female
45.4
54.6
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
54.1
45.9
(303)

Age
30-49
54.0
46.0
(443)

50 and more
46.1
53.9
(254)

V107.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
A useful job for society
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

55.4
44.6
(1,000)

Male
55.8
44.2
(599)

Sex
Female
54.9
45.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
49.8
50.2
(303)

Age
30-49
56.7
43.3
(443)

50 and more
59.8
40.2
(254)

V108.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Generous holidays
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

15.0
85.0
(1,000)

Male
12.0
88.0
(599)

Sex
Female
19.3
80.7
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
17.5
82.5
(303)

Age
30-49
15.1
84.9
(443)

50 and more
11.8
88.2
(254)

Page 8 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V109.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
Meeting people
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

25.7
74.3
(1,000)

Male
27.2
72.8
(599)

Sex
Female
23.1
76.9
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
27.7
72.3
(303)

Age
30-49
28.4
71.6
(443)

50 and more
18.5
81.5
(254)

V110.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
A job in which you feel you can achieve something
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

37.6
62.4
(1,000)

Male
39.7
60.3
(599)

Sex
Female
34.3
65.7
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
42.9
57.1
(303)

Age
30-49
36.8
63.2
(443)

50 and more
32.7
67.3
(254)

V111.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
A responsible job
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

22.3
77.7
(1,000)

Male
25.0
75.0
(599)

Sex
Female
18.3
81.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
20.5
79.5
(303)

Age
30-49
24.2
75.8
(443)

50 and more
21.3
78.7
(254)

V112.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
A job that is interesting
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

33.9
66.1
(1,000)

Male
33.6
66.4
(599)

Sex
Female
34.3
65.7
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
41.3
58.7
(303)

Age
30-49
32.1
67.9
(443)

50 and more
28.3
71.7
(254)

V113.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
A job that meets one's abilities
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

65.7
34.3
(1,000)

Male
65.3
34.7
(599)

Sex
Female
66.4
33.6
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
66.0
34.0
(303)

Age
30-49
66.4
33.6
(443)

50 and more
64.2
35.8
(254)

Page 9 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V114.- Here are some more aspects of a job that people say are important. Please look at them and tell me which ones you
personally think are important in a job?
None of these
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

0.7
99.3
(1,000)

Male
0.7
99.3
(599)

Sex
Female
0.8
99.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

Age
30-49
0.2
99.8
(443)

50 and more
1.2
98.8
(254)

up to 29
16.2
36.3
16.5
9.6
18.5
3.0
(303)

Age
30-49
20.5
48.3
19.9
9.9
0.2
1.1
(443)

50 and more
26.4
47.2
16.1
7.1
1.6
1.6
(254)

up to 29
5.3
1.7
4.3
4.0
10.6
13.5
8.3
14.5
6.6
9.9
18.2
3.3
(303)
6.41
2.51
(238)

Age
30-49
2.7
3.2
4.3
5.2
9.7
9.3
13.8
22.3
13.3
15.6
0.2
0.5
(443)
7.02
2.37
(440)

50 and more
2.4
1.2
2.8
2.8
9.1
9.1
13.8
16.5
14.2
25.2
1.6
1.6
(254)
7.56
2.27
(246)

up to 29
1.0
99.0
(303)

V115.- How much pride, if any, do you take in the work that you do? (Read out)
TOTAL
a lot
some
little
none
No answer
Dont know
(N)

20.7
44.4
17.9
9.1
6.1
1.8
(1,000)

Male
24.2
44.9
16.7
8.2
5.2
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
15.5
43.9
19.5
10.3
7.5
3.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

V116.- Overall, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your job?
TOTAL
Satisfy2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Satisfy+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

3.4
2.2
3.9
4.2
9.8
10.5
12.1
18.5
11.5
16.3
6.0
1.6
(1,000)
7.01
2.42
(924)

Male
3.7
2.5
3.0
3.3
10.5
9.5
12.7
18.7
11.7
18.2
5.2
1.0
(599)
7.10
2.43
(562)

Sex
Female
3.0
1.8
5.0
5.5
8.8
11.8
11.3
18.3
11.3
13.5
7.3
2.5
(399)
6.88
2.39
(360)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.50
2.12
(2)

Page 10 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V117.- How free are you to make decisions in your job?


TOTAL
None
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A lot
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

6.7
4.8
9.2
7.6
10.4
12.4
10.1
15.2
7.2
8.1
6.0
2.3
(1,000)
5.88
2.63
(917)

Male
6.5
4.0
10.0
7.0
9.5
12.5
10.4
16.2
7.2
10.5
5.2
1.0
(599)
6.04
2.66
(562)

Sex
Female
7.0
5.8
8.0
8.5
11.8
12.3
9.8
13.5
7.3
4.5
7.3
4.3
(399)
5.61
2.55
(353)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.00
4.24
(2)

up to 29
6.3
5.6
11.6
8.3
9.9
10.6
5.3
11.6
3.6
5.3
18.2
4.0
(303)
5.30
2.60
(236)

Age
30-49
7.7
5.2
10.2
6.3
11.5
12.9
12.9
13.1
9.3
9.7
0.2
1.1
(443)
5.92
2.68
(437)

50 and more
5.5
3.1
4.7
9.1
9.1
13.8
11.0
23.2
7.9
8.7
1.6
2.4
(254)
6.36
2.46
(244)

V118.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
Work is like a business transaction. The more I get paid, the more I do; the less I get paid, the less I do
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

18.5
81.5
(1,000)

Male
18.9
81.1
(599)

Sex
Female
17.5
82.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
20.8
79.2
(303)

Age
30-49
19.4
80.6
(443)

50 and more
14.2
85.8
(254)

V119.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
I will always do the best I can, regardless of pay
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

37.5
62.5
(1,000)

Male
37.6
62.4
(599)

Sex
Female
37.6
62.4
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
27.4
72.6
(303)

Age
30-49
39.5
60.5
(443)

50 and more
46.1
53.9
(254)

V120.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
Working for a living is a necessity; I wouldn't work if I didn't have to
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

22.8
77.2
(1,000)

Male
22.4
77.6
(599)

Sex
Female
23.3
76.7
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
23.4
76.6
(303)

Age
30-49
21.7
78.3
(443)

50 and more
24.0
76.0
(254)

Page 11 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V121.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
I enjoy working but I don't let it interfere with the rest of my life
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

25.7
74.3
(1,000)

Male
23.0
77.0
(599)

Sex
Female
29.8
70.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
32.7
67.3
(303)

Age
30-49
28.2
71.8
(443)

50 and more
13.0
87.0
(254)

V122.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
I enjoy working but I don't let it interfere with the rest of my life
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

40.2
59.8
(1,000)

Male
42.2
57.8
(599)

Sex
Female
37.3
62.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
29.7
70.3
(303)

Age
30-49
43.3
56.7
(443)

50 and more
47.2
52.8
(254)

V123.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
I never had a paid job
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

3.1
96.9
(1,000)

Male
2.8
97.2
(599)

Sex
Female
3.5
96.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
8.3
91.7
(303)

Age
30-49
0.7
99.3
(443)

50 and more
1.2
98.8
(254)

V124.- Here are some statements about why people work. Irrespective of whether you have a job, or not, which of them
comes closest to what you think?
Don't know
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

4.9
95.1
(1,000)

Male
4.3
95.7
(599)

Sex
Female
5.8
94.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
4.0
96.0
(303)

Age
30-49
5.0
95.0
(443)

50 and more
5.9
94.1
(254)

V125.- Imagine two secretaries, of the same age, doing practically the same job. One finds out that the other earns
considerably more than she does. The better paid secretary, however, is quicker, more efficient and more reliable at her
job. In your opinion, is
TOTAL
Fair
Unfair
No answer
Dont know
(N)

94.9
3.3
0.3
1.5
(1,000)

Male
95.8
2.5
0.3
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
93.5
4.5
0.3
1.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
95.7
3.0
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
95.0
2.7
0.5
1.8
(443)

50 and more
93.7
4.7
1.6
(254)

Page 12 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V126.- There is a lot of discussion about how business and industry should be managed. Which of these four statements
comes closest to your opinion?
TOTAL
Own run
Particip
State
Emp own
No answer
Dont know
(N)

20.7
37.1
5.4
29.4
0.1
7.3
(1,000)

Male
20.4
37.2
5.0
31.1
0.2
6.2
(599)

Sex
Female
21.3
36.8
6.0
26.8
9.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
22.8
34.7
3.0
34.7
5.0
(303)

Age
30-49
20.8
39.3
4.3
29.6
6.1
(443)

50 and more
18.1
36.2
10.2
22.8
0.4
12.2
(254)

V127.- People have different ideas about following instructions at work. Some say that one should follow one's superior's
instructions even when one does not fully agree with them. Others say that one should follow one's superior's instructions
only when one is
TOTAL
Follow
Depends
Convince
No answer
Dont know
(N)

20.7
43.5
33.4
0.2
2.2
(1,000)

Male
21.4
43.2
33.1
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
19.8
43.6
34.1
0.5
2.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
15.2
52.1
30.7
0.7
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
18.3
44.0
35.2
2.5
(443)

50 and more
31.5
32.3
33.5
2.8
(254)

up to 29
35.0
8.6
55.8
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
43.6
8.8
45.4
2.3
(443)

50 and more
41.7
9.4
46.1
2.8
(254)

Age
30-49
43.8
8.4
44.9
2.9
(443)

50 and more
29.9
11.0
55.9
3.1
(254)

V128.- Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?


When jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

40.5
8.9
48.7
1.9
(1,000)

Male
48.9
10.5
38.9
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
28.1
6.3
63.4
2.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

V129.- Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?


When jobs are scarce, older people should be forced to retire from work early
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

37.9
9.8
49.4
2.9
(1,000)

Male
37.1
9.3
51.3
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
39.3
10.3
46.6
3.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
36.0
10.9
50.5
2.6
(303)

Page 13 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V130.- Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?


When jobs are scarce, employers should give priority to [NATION] people over immigrants
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

61.8
13.3
20.4
4.5
(1,000)

Male
60.1
13.4
21.7
4.8
(599)

Sex
Female
64.4
13.3
18.3
4.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
56.1
15.5
25.1
3.3
(303)

Age
30-49
63.4
12.4
20.1
4.1
(443)

50 and more
65.7
12.2
15.4
6.7
(254)

Age
30-49
36.8
13.5
46.5
3.2
(443)

50 and more
31.1
16.1
47.6
5.1
(254)

V131.- Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?


It is unfair to give work to handicapped people when ablebodied people can't find jobs
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

34.2
14.4
48.3
3.1
(1,000)

Male
35.6
13.9
47.4
3.2
(599)

Sex
Female
32.3
15.3
49.4
3.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
33.0
14.2
51.5
1.3
(303)

V132.- How satisfied are you with the financial situation of your household? If '1' means you are completely dissatisfied on
this scale, and '10' means you are completely satisfied, where would you put your satisfaction with your household's
financial situation?
TOTAL
Satisfy2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Satisfy+
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

6.9
3.3
7.2
5.9
15.7
14.3
12.9
15.7
6.5
11.2
0.4
(1,000)
6.12
2.54
(996)

Male
8.5
3.2
7.5
5.8
16.0
13.7
13.5
15.7
5.5
10.4
0.2
(599)
5.97
2.58
(598)

Sex
Female
4.5
3.5
6.8
5.8
15.0
15.3
12.0
15.8
8.0
12.5
0.8
(399)
6.35
2.47
(396)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
9.2
2.6
10.6
5.9
17.2
12.9
10.9
16.2
5.0
9.2
0.3
(303)
5.77
2.60
(302)

Age
30-49
7.0
3.8
5.4
6.5
17.2
15.8
13.1
14.9
5.6
10.2
0.5
(443)
6.04
2.49
(441)

50 and more
3.9
3.1
6.3
4.7
11.4
13.4
15.0
16.5
9.8
15.4
0.4
(254)
6.67
2.47
(253)

V133.- How often, if at all, do you think about the meaning and purpose of life? (Read out in reverse order for alternate
contacts)
TOTAL
Often
At times
Rarely
Never
Dont know
(N)

31.4
47.1
15.8
5.4
0.3
(1,000)

Male
33.7
46.9
14.2
4.8
0.3
(599)

Sex
Female
28.1
47.1
18.3
6.3
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
39.3
43.9
13.9
3.0
(303)

Age
30-49
30.5
50.6
15.3
3.4
0.2
(443)

50 and more
23.6
44.9
18.9
11.8
0.8
(254)

Page 14 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V134.- Do you ever think about death? Would you say ...
TOTAL
Often
At times
Rarely
Never
Dont know
(N)

2.1
19.7
32.4
45.4
0.4
(1,000)

Male
2.2
18.5
29.7
49.1
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
2.0
21.6
36.3
39.8
0.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
2.3
20.5
31.4
45.9
(303)

Age
30-49
1.6
17.6
33.0
47.4
0.5
(443)

50 and more
2.8
22.4
32.7
41.3
0.8
(254)

V135.- I am going to read out a list of statements about the meaning of life. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree
with each of them. (Read out in reverse order for alternate contacts)
Life is meaningful only because God exists
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

80.5
12.3
4.7
2.5
(1,000)

Male
83.1
10.2
5.5
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
76.7
15.3
3.5
4.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
73.9
14.9
8.3
3.0
(303)

Age
30-49
81.5
12.4
4.1
2.0
(443)

50 and more
86.6
9.1
1.6
2.8
(254)

V136.- I am going to read out a list of statements about the meaning of life. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree
with each of them. (Read out in reverse order for alternate contacts)
The meaning of life is that you try to get the best out
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
No answer
Dont know
(N)

57.7
13.1
25.2
0.3
3.7
(1,000)

Male
57.4
13.5
26.2
0.5
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
57.9
12.5
23.8
5.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
62.7
12.9
22.4
2.0
(303)

Age
30-49
60.0
11.7
24.8
0.5
2.9
(443)

50 and more
47.6
15.7
29.1
0.4
7.1
(254)

V137.- I am going to read out a list of statements about the meaning of life. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree
with each of them. (Read out in reverse order for alternate contacts)
Death is inevitable, it is pointless to worry about
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

94.9
1.2
3.2
0.7
(1,000)

Male
95.2
1.3
3.0
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
94.5
1.0
3.5
1.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
91.7
1.7
5.6
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
96.8
0.7
1.8
0.7
(443)

50 and more
95.3
1.6
2.8
0.4
(254)

Page 15 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V139.- I am going to read out a list of statements about the meaning of life. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree
with each of them. (Read out in reverse order for alternate contacts)
If you have lived your life, death is a natural resting point
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
No answer
Dont know
(N)

90.3
2.7
4.4
0.1
2.5
(1,000)

Male
89.8
2.7
5.2
0.2
2.2
(599)

Sex
Female
91.0
2.8
3.3
3.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
87.5
3.3
6.6
2.6
(303)

Age
30-49
90.1
2.7
4.7
0.2
2.3
(443)

50 and more
94.1
2.0
1.2
2.8
(254)

V141.- I am going to read out a list of statements about the meaning of life. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree
with each of them. (Read out in reverse order for alternate contacts)
Life has no meaning
TOTAL
Agree
Neither
Disagree
No answer
Dont know
(N)

4.9
10.7
83.2
0.3
0.9
(1,000)

Male
4.8
10.2
84.0
0.3
0.7
(599)

Sex
Female
5.0
11.5
82.0
0.3
1.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.9
13.5
79.5
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
4.3
9.5
84.4
0.7
1.1
(443)

50 and more
4.7
9.4
85.4
0.4
(254)

V142.- Here are two statements which people sometimes make when discussing good and evil. Which one comes closest
to your own point of view?
A. There are absolutely clear guidelines about what is good and evil. These always apply to everyone, whatever the circu
TOTAL
Guideline
Neither
Circumstance
Dont know
(N)

33.8
13.0
50.7
2.5
(1,000)

Male
34.7
13.2
50.8
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
32.6
12.5
50.6
4.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
20.8
14.5
64.0
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
36.1
12.6
49.0
2.3
(443)

50 and more
45.3
11.8
37.8
5.1
(254)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.6
97.0
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
3.2
96.4
0.5
(443)

50 and more
5.1
94.9
(254)

V143.- Do you belong to a religious denomination?


TOTAL
yes
no
No answer
(N)

3.5
96.2
0.3
(1,000)

Male
3.3
96.5
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
3.8
95.7
0.5
(399)

Page 16 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V144.- Religious denomination


WVS: Do you belong to a religious denomination? In case you do, answer which one.
EVS: Which one?
TOTAL
None
Buddhist
Free church/Non denominational church
Muslim
Other
Protestant
Roman Catholic
(N)

Male
97.2
0.7
1.5
0.7
(599)

96.8
1.0
0.1
1.3
0.3
0.1
0.4
(1,000)

Sex
Female
96.2
1.5
0.3
1.0
0.8
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
94.7
5.3
(303)

Age
30-49
96.6
3.4
(443)

50 and more
96.1
0.4
3.5
(254)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
4.0
95.4
0.3
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
8.1
91.9
(443)

50 and more
7.5
92.1
0.4
(254)

up to 29
97.7
1.0
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
97.1
0.7
1.8
0.2
0.2
(443)

50 and more
95.3
2.8
0.4
0.8
0.4
0.4
(254)

V145.- Which one is your former religious denomination?


TOTAL
No, not a member
Buddhist
No answer
(N)

95.9
0.1
4.0
(1,000)

Male
94.8
0.2
5.0
(599)

Sex
Female
97.5
2.5
(399)

V146.- Were you brought up religiously at home?


TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

6.7
93.0
0.2
0.1
(1,000)

Male
7.5
92.3
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
5.5
94.0
0.3
0.3
(399)

V147.- Apart from weddings, funerals and christenings, about how often do you attend religious services these days?
TOTAL
once+/wk
once/wk
once/mo
xmas/eas
holidays
once/yr
Less
Never
Dont know
(N)

0.3
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
1.0
3.2
92.8
1.4
(1,000)

Male
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.7
0.3
1.5
2.8
93.2
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
3.8
92.2
2.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
1.7
0.3
5.0
92.1
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
0.2
0.5
0.5
1.4
2.5
92.8
2.3
(443)

50 and more
0.8
0.8
0.4
1.2
2.4
93.7
0.8
(254)

Page 17 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V148.- Do you personally think it is important to hold a religious service for any of the following events?
Birth
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

3.9
91.7
0.4
4.0
(1,000)

Male
3.2
92.2
0.7
4.0
(599)

Sex
Female
5.0
91.0
4.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.6
88.4
0.7
5.3
(303)

Age
30-49
2.9
94.4
0.2
2.5
(443)

50 and more
3.5
90.9
0.4
5.1
(254)

V149.- Do you personally think it is important to hold a religious service for any of the following events?
Marriage
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

12.0
83.9
0.3
3.8
(1,000)

Male
11.7
84.1
0.5
3.7
(599)

Sex
Female
12.5
83.5
4.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
19.8
74.9
0.3
5.0
(303)

Age
30-49
9.7
87.6
0.2
2.5
(443)

50 and more
6.7
88.2
0.4
4.7
(254)

V150.- Do you personally think it is important to hold a religious service for any of the following events?
Death
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

10.3
85.8
0.1
3.8
(1,000)

Male
10.2
86.1
0.2
3.5
(599)

Sex
Female
10.5
85.2
4.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
14.2
80.9
0.3
4.6
(303)

Age
30-49
8.8
88.7
2.5
(443)

50 and more
8.3
86.6
5.1
(254)

V151.- Independently of whether you go to church or not, would you say you are(Read out)
TOTAL
Yes
No
Athest
Dont know
(N)

4.7
48.7
41.6
5.0
(1,000)

Male
4.2
45.9
45.4
4.5
(599)

Sex
Female
5.5
52.6
36.1
5.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.9
56.1
33.7
4.3
(303)

Age
30-49
3.4
43.8
47.0
5.9
(443)

50 and more
5.5
48.4
41.7
4.3
(254)

up to 29
2.6
34.3
13.5
16.5
33.0
(303)

Age
30-49
2.0
33.2
10.6
20.8
33.4
(443)

50 and more
2.0
23.6
11.8
28.7
0.4
33.5
(254)

V175.- Which of these statements comes closest to your beliefs?


TOTAL
Personal
Spirit
Confused
No god
No answer
Dont know
(N)

2.2
31.1
11.8
21.5
0.1
33.3
(1,000)

Male
1.8
30.6
11.4
24.0
32.2
(599)

Sex
Female
2.8
31.8
12.5
17.5
0.3
35.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

Page 18 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V176.- How important is God in your life? Please use this scale to indicate- 10 means very important and 1 means not at all
important.
TOTAL
Hotatall
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Very
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

76.7
8.9
3.4
1.8
2.3
1.3
1.0
1.1
0.3
0.9
0.1
2.2
(1,000)
1.62
1.61
(977)

Male
79.5
8.8
3.2
1.5
1.3
1.0
0.7
0.8
0.2
1.2
0.2
1.7
(599)
1.53
1.51
(588)

Sex
Female
72.7
8.8
3.8
2.3
3.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
0.5
0.5
3.0
(399)
1.77
1.73
(387)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
1.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
71.0
9.9
4.6
3.0
3.3
2.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
2.0
(303)
1.84
1.80
(297)

Age
30-49
78.8
8.8
3.2
1.1
1.6
0.7
1.1
1.1
0.5
0.7
0.2
2.3
(443)
1.54
1.52
(432)

50 and more
79.9
7.9
2.4
1.6
2.4
1.2
0.4
0.8
0.4
0.8
2.4
(254)
1.52
1.48
(248)

up to 29
4.6
92.4
3.0
(303)

Age
30-49
2.9
94.1
0.2
2.7
(443)

50 and more
3.9
93.7
2.4
(254)

V177.- Do you find that you get comfort and strength from religion?
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

3.7
93.5
0.1
2.7
(1,000)

Male
3.5
94.5
2.0
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
92.0
0.3
3.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

V178.- Do you take some moments of prayer, meditation or contemplation or something like that?
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

19.6
79.3
0.2
0.9
(1,000)

Male
16.0
83.3
0.7
(599)

Sex
Female
25.1
73.2
0.5
1.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
27.7
71.3
0.3
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
16.0
82.6
0.2
1.1
(443)

50 and more
16.1
83.1
0.8
(254)

V179.- How often do you pray to God outside of religious services? Would you say...
TOTAL
Often
At times
Rarely
Crisis
Never
No answer
Dont know
(N)

0.8
5.2
7.1
8.1
77.8
0.2
0.8
(1,000)

Male
0.5
3.2
6.8
6.7
82.0
0.3
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
1.3
8.3
7.5
10.3
71.4
1.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
6.3
8.6
12.2
70.6
0.3
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
5.2
5.6
7.0
81.0
0.2
0.9
(443)

50 and more
1.6
3.9
7.9
5.1
80.7
0.8
(254)

Page 19 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V180.- Overall, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your home life?
TOTAL
Satisfy2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Satisfy+
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

1.4
1.1
1.6
2.2
6.9
9.7
13.6
20.9
16.3
25.6
0.2
0.5
(1,000)
7.80
2.04
(993)

Male
1.5
1.3
2.0
2.2
7.2
10.9
12.5
21.9
14.7
24.9
0.2
0.8
(599)
7.71
2.09
(593)

Sex
Female
1.3
0.8
1.0
2.3
6.3
7.8
15.3
19.5
18.8
26.8
0.3
(399)
7.95
1.95
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
2.0
1.0
2.3
4.0
9.2
12.9
15.2
14.9
15.5
21.5
0.3
1.3
(303)
7.42
2.19
(298)

Age
30-49
1.4
0.9
1.6
1.6
6.3
7.0
13.8
24.2
17.4
25.7
0.2
(443)
7.93
1.96
(442)

50 and more
0.8
1.6
0.8
1.2
5.1
10.6
11.4
22.4
15.4
30.3
0.4
(254)
8.04
1.93
(253)

V181.- Are you currently ....(READ OUT AND CODE ONE ONLY)
TOTAL
Married
Living
Divorced
Separate
Widow
Single
(N)

77.2
0.3
0.8
0.2
2.5
19.0
(1,000)

Male
78.3
0.2
0.8
0.3
2.0
18.4
(599)

Sex
Female
75.4
0.5
0.8
3.3
20.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
40.6
0.3
59.1
(303)

Age
30-49
95.3
0.7
1.1
0.7
2.3
(443)

50 and more
89.4
0.8
0.8
8.7
0.4
(254)

Sex
Female
3.5
75.2
21.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
38.6
60.7
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
2.5
93.2
4.3
(443)

50 and more
10.2
88.6
1.2
(254)

up to 29
18.2
23.1
58.7
(303)

Age
30-49
46.7
51.0
2.3
(443)

50 and more
43.7
55.9
0.4
(254)

V182.- Have you been married before?


TOTAL
Yes-more
Yes-once
No
No answer
(N)

3.8
75.5
20.6
0.1
(1,000)

Male
4.0
75.6
20.2
0.2
(599)

V183.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
Attitudes towards religion
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

37.3
43.8
18.9
(1,000)

Male
34.7
46.9
18.4
(599)

Sex
Female
40.9
39.3
19.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

Page 20 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V184.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
Moral attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

70.4
10.8
18.8
(1,000)

Male
69.1
12.5
18.4
(599)

Sex
Female
72.4
8.0
19.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
33.7
7.9
58.4
(303)

Age
30-49
86.9
10.8
2.3
(443)

50 and more
85.4
14.2
0.4
(254)

up to 29
24.1
17.2
58.7
(303)

Age
30-49
67.7
30.0
2.3
(443)

50 and more
66.5
33.1
0.4
(254)

up to 29
16.2
25.1
58.7
(303)

Age
30-49
55.5
42.2
2.3
(443)

50 and more
55.1
44.5
0.4
(254)

up to 29
19.1
22.1
58.7
(303)

Age
30-49
54.0
43.8
2.3
(443)

50 and more
51.2
48.4
0.4
(254)

up to 29
6.6
37.0
56.4
(303)

Age
30-49
4.1
94.4
1.6
(443)

50 and more
5.1
94.5
0.4
(254)

V185.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
Social attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

54.2
26.9
18.9
(1,000)

Male
52.1
29.5
18.4
(599)

Sex
Female
57.4
22.8
19.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

V186.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
Political attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

43.5
37.6
18.9
(1,000)

Male
42.2
39.4
18.4
(599)

Sex
Female
45.6
34.6
19.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

V187.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
Sexual attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

42.7
38.4
18.9
(1,000)

Male
43.4
38.2
18.4
(599)

Sex
Female
41.9
38.3
19.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

V188.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
None of these
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

5.1
77.0
17.9
(1,000)

Male
5.5
77.5
17.0
(599)

Sex
Female
4.5
76.2
19.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

Page 21 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V189.- Do (did) you and your partner share any of the following?
Don't know
TOTAL
Mention
No
Not applicable (Singles)
(N)

0.9
80.4
18.7
(1,000)

Male
1.3
80.8
17.9
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
79.7
20.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
40.6
58.1
(303)

Age
30-49
0.2
97.5
2.3
(443)

50 and more
1.6
98.0
0.4
(254)

V190.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
Attitudes towards religion
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

30.7
69.3
(1,000)

Male
29.9
70.1
(599)

Sex
Female
32.1
67.9
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
30.0
70.0
(303)

Age
30-49
35.7
64.3
(443)

50 and more
22.8
77.2
(254)

V191.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
Moral attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

72.2
27.8
(1,000)

Male
70.1
29.9
(599)

Sex
Female
75.7
24.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
68.6
31.4
(303)

Age
30-49
81.3
18.7
(443)

50 and more
60.6
39.4
(254)

V192.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
Social attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

47.2
52.8
(1,000)

Male
43.6
56.4
(599)

Sex
Female
52.6
47.4
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
40.6
59.4
(303)

Age
30-49
55.1
44.9
(443)

50 and more
41.3
58.7
(254)

V193.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
Political attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

35.7
64.3
(1,000)

Male
34.2
65.8
(599)

Sex
Female
38.1
61.9
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
28.4
71.6
(303)

Age
30-49
45.4
54.6
(443)

50 and more
27.6
72.4
(254)

V194.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
Sexual attitudes
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

16.9
83.1
(1,000)

Male
16.2
83.8
(599)

Sex
Female
18.0
82.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
11.2
88.8
(303)

Age
30-49
21.4
78.6
(443)

50 and more
15.7
84.3
(254)

Page 22 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V195.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
None of these
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

14.4
85.6
(1,000)

Male
16.2
83.8
(599)

Sex
Female
11.5
88.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
18.2
81.8
(303)

Age
30-49
9.5
90.5
(443)

50 and more
18.5
81.5
(254)

V196.- And how about your parents? Do (did) you and your parents share any of the following?
Don't know
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

4.7
95.3
(1,000)

Male
5.2
94.8
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
96.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.6
97.4
(303)

Age
30-49
2.7
97.3
(443)

50 and more
10.6
89.4
(254)

V197.- If someone said that individuals should have the chance to enjoy complete sexual freedom without being restricted,
would you tend to agree or disagree?.
TOTAL
Agree
Neither/depends
Disagree
No answer
Dont know
(N)

4.8
16.6
75.2
0.4
3.0
(1,000)

Male
6.3
18.4
72.1
0.2
3.0
(599)

Sex
Female
2.5
14.0
79.7
0.8
3.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
7.6
24.8
62.0
0.3
5.3
(303)

Age
30-49
4.5
15.8
77.7
0.5
1.6
(443)

50 and more
2.0
8.3
86.6
0.4
2.8
(254)

V198.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Faithfulness marriage
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

89.9
8.8
0.7
0.1
0.5
(1,000)

Male
87.5
11.4
0.8
0.3
(599)

Sex
Female
93.7
4.8
0.5
0.3
0.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
85.1
12.9
1.0
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
91.6
7.4
0.5
0.5
(443)

50 and more
92.5
6.3
0.8
0.4
(254)

V199.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
An adequate income
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

30.8
53.4
15.3
0.1
0.4
(1,000)

Male
31.1
52.9
15.5
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
30.3
54.1
15.0
0.3
0.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
26.7
54.5
17.8
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
34.5
54.0
11.5
(443)

50 and more
29.1
51.2
18.9
0.4
0.4
(254)

Page 23 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V200.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Being of the same social background
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

13.2
29.7
55.5
0.5
1.1
(1,000)

Male
12.9
30.1
55.9
0.3
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
13.8
28.8
55.1
0.8
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
12.9
29.4
55.8
0.7
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
13.5
31.8
53.5
0.2
0.9
(443)

50 and more
13.0
26.4
58.7
0.8
1.2
(254)

V201.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Mutual respect and appreciation
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

81.2
16.6
1.2
0.3
0.7
(1,000)

Male
78.6
18.7
1.3
0.3
1.0
(599)

Sex
Female
85.0
13.5
1.0
0.3
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
78.5
19.1
1.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
83.1
14.9
1.4
0.2
0.5
(443)

50 and more
81.1
16.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
(254)

V202.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Shared religious beliefs
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

5.4
8.6
83.6
0.7
1.7
(1,000)

Male
5.7
8.7
82.8
0.8
2.0
(599)

Sex
Female
5.0
8.3
85.0
0.5
1.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
4.3
10.9
83.2
0.3
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
6.3
6.8
84.7
0.5
1.8
(443)

50 and more
5.1
9.1
82.3
1.6
2.0
(254)

V203.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Good housing
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

24.8
46.3
27.7
0.4
0.8
(1,000)

Male
26.4
44.4
28.0
0.3
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
22.3
49.1
27.3
0.5
0.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
24.1
51.8
22.8
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
26.9
45.6
27.1
0.2
0.2
(443)

50 and more
22.0
40.9
34.6
0.8
1.6
(254)

Page 24 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V204.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Agreement on politics
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

23.6
34.5
40.3
0.5
1.1
(1,000)

Male
21.0
33.2
44.4
0.5
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
27.6
36.6
33.8
0.5
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
14.5
34.0
49.5
0.7
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
25.3
34.8
39.3
0.2
0.5
(443)

50 and more
31.5
34.6
31.1
0.8
2.0
(254)

V205.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Understanding and tolerance
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

69.6
27.3
2.1
0.3
0.7
(1,000)

Male
66.3
29.4
2.8
0.5
1.0
(599)

Sex
Female
74.7
24.1
1.0
0.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
70.6
26.4
1.7
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
71.1
26.2
2.3
0.2
0.2
(443)

50 and more
65.7
30.3
2.4
0.4
1.2
(254)

V206.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Living apart from your in-laws
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

8.2
25.2
65.0
0.6
1.0
(1,000)

Male
6.2
23.7
68.1
0.8
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
11.3
27.1
60.7
0.3
0.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.9
33.0
59.1
0.3
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
11.1
23.9
64.1
0.2
0.7
(443)

50 and more
5.9
18.1
73.6
1.6
0.8
(254)

V207.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Happy sexual relationship
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

35.7
46.7
13.4
1.1
3.1
(1,000)

Male
36.6
48.4
11.7
1.0
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
34.3
44.1
16.0
1.3
4.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
36.3
40.9
15.2
1.7
5.9
(303)

Age
30-49
38.1
47.0
12.4
0.2
2.3
(443)

50 and more
30.7
53.1
13.0
2.0
1.2
(254)

Page 25 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V208.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Sharing household chores
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

35.0
47.6
16.5
0.2
0.7
(1,000)

Male
33.2
46.9
18.9
0.2
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
37.6
48.6
13.0
0.3
0.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
32.3
46.2
20.1
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
34.8
49.2
14.9
0.2
0.9
(443)

50 and more
38.6
46.5
15.0
(254)

V209.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Children
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

53.6
33.0
11.7
0.5
1.2
(1,000)

Male
49.7
35.1
13.4
0.7
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
59.4
29.8
9.3
0.3
1.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
43.6
35.6
17.8
0.3
2.6
(303)

Age
30-49
63.0
28.2
8.1
0.2
0.5
(443)

50 and more
49.2
38.2
10.6
1.2
0.8
(254)

V210.- Here is a list of things which some people think make for a successful marriage. Please tell me, for each one,
whether you think it is very important, rather important or not very important for a successful marriage?
Tastes and interests in common
TOTAL
Very
Rather
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

33.1
47.3
18.3
0.5
0.8
(1,000)

Male
32.7
47.1
18.5
0.7
1.0
(599)

Sex
Female
33.6
47.6
18.0
0.3
0.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
39.6
46.5
12.9
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
31.4
48.5
19.0
0.5
0.7
(443)

50 and more
28.3
46.1
23.6
1.2
0.8
(254)

No answer
100.0
(2)
1.00
(2)

up to 29
67.0
27.4
3.0
0.7
0.3
1.7
(303)
0.37
0.61
(298)

Age
30-49
3.6
51.2
25.1
10.8
7.0
1.1
1.1
(443)
1.74
1.12
(443)

50 and more
2.4
7.5
21.3
27.2
20.1
12.2
9.4
(254)
3.30
1.48
(254)

V211.- Have you had any children? If yes, how many?


TOTAL
None
1child
2child
3child
4child
5child
6+child
No answer
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

22.5
32.9
17.4
11.9
8.3
3.6
2.9
0.5
(1,000)
1.73
1.55
(995)

Male
22.2
33.2
16.9
11.0
8.5
4.3
3.2
0.7
(599)
1.76
1.59
(595)

Sex
Female
23.1
32.1
18.3
13.3
8.0
2.5
2.5
0.3
(399)
1.69
1.50
(398)

Page 26 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V212.- How many of them are still living at home?


TOTAL
None
1child
2child
3child
4child
5child
6+child
Not applicable (No children)
No answer
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

5.9
43.4
18.6
6.1
1.8
0.9
0.2
22.2
0.9
(1,000)
1.45
0.95
(769)

Male
6.0
43.1
17.9
6.2
2.5
1.2
0.3
21.7
1.2
(599)
1.49
1.02
(462)

Sex
Female
5.8
43.6
19.8
6.0
0.8
0.5
23.1
0.5
(399)
1.40
0.83
(305)

No answer
100.0
(2)
1.00
(2)

up to 29
0.7
26.7
3.3
0.3
0.3
66.0
2.6
(303)
1.14
0.50
(95)

Age
30-49
1.6
56.7
25.3
8.6
3.2
0.7
0.5
3.6
(443)
1.57
0.91
(427)

50 and more
19.7
40.2
25.2
8.7
1.2
2.4
2.4
0.4
(254)
1.37
1.09
(247)

V213.- What do you think is the ideal size of the family? How many children, if any?
TOTAL
None
1child
2child
3child
4child
5child
6child
10+child
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

2.4
23.7
66.4
4.3
1.3
0.5
0.1
0.3
1.0
(1,000)
1.83
0.81
(990)

Male
2.8
22.0
67.3
4.7
1.5
0.5
0.2
1.0
(599)
1.82
0.70
(593)

Sex
Female
1.8
26.1
65.2
3.8
1.0
0.5
0.8
1.0
(399)
1.84
0.96
(395)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
1.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
6.6
37.3
51.8
0.3
1.0
0.7
0.7
1.7
(303)
1.58
1.01
(298)

Age
30-49
0.5
17.4
75.6
4.5
1.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
(443)
1.91
0.66
(441)

50 and more
0.8
18.5
67.7
8.7
2.0
0.8
0.4
1.2
(254)
1.96
0.72
(251)

V214.- If someone says a child needs a home with both a father and a mother to grow up happily, would you tend to agree
or disagree?
TOTAL
Agree
Disagree
Dont know
(N)

97.7
1.6
0.7
(1,000)

Male
97.3
2.0
0.7
(599)

Sex
Female
98.2
1.0
0.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
96.0
2.6
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
98.2
1.4
0.5
(443)

50 and more
98.8
0.8
0.4
(254)

V215.- Do you think that a woman has to have children in order to be fulfilled or is this not necessary?
TOTAL
Needs
No need
No answer
Dont know
(N)

44.4
52.6
0.1
2.9
(1,000)

Male
44.6
53.1
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
44.1
51.9
0.3
3.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
37.3
57.4
5.3
(303)

Age
30-49
46.0
52.1
1.8
(443)

50 and more
50.0
47.6
0.4
2.0
(254)

Page 27 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V216.- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? (Read out):
"Marriage is an out-dated institution"
TOTAL
Yes
No
Dont know
(N)

14.8
82.7
2.5
(1,000)

Male
14.7
83.6
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
14.8
81.5
3.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
17.8
78.5
3.6
(303)

Age
30-49
14.7
83.3
2.0
(443)

50 and more
11.4
86.6
2.0
(254)

V217.- If a woman wants to have a child as a single parent but she doesn't want to have a stable relationship with a man,
do you approve or disapprove?
TOTAL
Approve
Depends
Disapprove
Dont know
(N)

5.6
20.6
72.1
1.7
(1,000)

Male
6.8
21.5
70.1
1.5
(599)

Sex
Female
3.8
18.8
75.4
2.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
8.3
29.7
57.8
4.3
(303)

Age
30-49
5.0
19.9
74.5
0.7
(443)

50 and more
3.5
11.0
85.0
0.4
(254)

V218.- For each of the following statements I read out, can you tell me how much you agree with each. Do you agree
strongly, agree, disagree, or disagree strongly?
A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a moth
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Disagree
Disagree+
Dont know
(N)

33.9
55.1
8.3
0.9
1.8
(1,000)

Male
31.1
56.6
9.5
0.7
2.2
(599)

Sex
Female
38.1
52.9
6.5
1.3
1.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
34.0
53.8
7.9
1.0
3.3
(303)

Age
30-49
38.4
52.6
8.4
0.5
0.2
(443)

50 and more
26.0
61.0
8.7
1.6
2.8
(254)

V219.- For each of the following statements I read out, can you tell me how much you agree with each. Do you agree
strongly, agree, disagree, or disagree strongly?
A pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Disagree
Disagree+
Dont know
(N)

10.2
50.2
36.3
1.9
1.4
(1,000)

Male
9.3
50.9
35.6
2.7
1.5
(599)

Sex
Female
11.5
49.1
37.3
0.8
1.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
7.6
46.5
39.9
2.6
3.3
(303)

Age
30-49
12.2
53.0
33.2
1.6
(443)

50 and more
9.8
49.6
37.4
1.6
1.6
(254)

Page 28 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V220.- For each of the following statements I read out, can you tell me how much you agree with each. Do you agree
strongly, agree, disagree, or disagree strongly?
A job is alright but what most women really want is a home and children
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Disagree
Disagree+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

15.6
59.9
19.9
2.0
0.2
2.4
(1,000)

Male
16.4
62.1
17.0
1.5
0.2
2.8
(599)

Sex
Female
14.3
56.6
24.3
2.8
0.3
1.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
13.5
59.7
17.8
2.6
0.3
5.9
(303)

Age
30-49
18.3
59.8
19.9
1.6
0.2
0.2
(443)

50 and more
13.4
60.2
22.4
2.0
2.0
(254)

V221.- For each of the following statements I read out, can you tell me how much you agree with each. Do you agree
strongly, agree, disagree, or disagree strongly?
Being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Disagree
Disagree+
Dont know
(N)

17.2
69.0
9.4
1.9
2.5
(1,000)

Male
18.4
68.8
7.7
2.3
2.8
(599)

Sex
Female
15.5
69.4
12.0
1.0
2.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
16.8
63.7
13.5
3.3
2.6
(303)

Age
30-49
18.7
70.7
7.9
1.1
1.6
(443)

50 and more
15.0
72.4
7.1
1.6
3.9
(254)

V222.- For each of the following statements I read out, can you tell me how much you agree with each. Do you agree
strongly, agree, disagree, or disagree strongly?
Having a job is the best way for a woman to be an independent person
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Disagree
Disagree+
Dont know
(N)

23.5
49.4
20.8
3.3
3.0
(1,000)

Male
17.7
51.3
24.2
3.8
3.0
(599)

Sex
Female
32.3
46.6
15.5
2.5
3.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
23.4
50.5
20.1
2.3
3.6
(303)

Age
30-49
24.6
48.1
22.3
3.6
1.4
(443)

50 and more
21.7
50.4
18.9
3.9
5.1
(254)

V223.- For each of the following statements I read out, can you tell me how much you agree with each. Do you agree
strongly, agree, disagree, or disagree strongly?
Both the husband and wife should contribute to household income
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Disagree
Disagree+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

40.9
53.2
4.2
0.4
0.2
1.1
(1,000)

Male
40.4
52.1
5.5
0.5
0.3
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
41.9
54.6
2.3
0.3
1.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
40.3
51.5
5.3
0.3
0.3
2.3
(303)

Age
30-49
43.8
52.1
3.4
0.5
0.2
(443)

50 and more
36.6
57.1
4.3
0.4
1.6
(254)

Page 29 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V224.- With which of these two statements do you tend to agree? (CODE ONE ANSWER ONLY)
A. Regardless of what the qualities and faults of one's parents are, one must always love and respect them.
B. One does not have the duty to respect and love parents who hav
TOTAL
Always
Earn it
Dont know
(N)

74.8
24.4
0.8
(1,000)

Male
73.8
25.4
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
76.2
23.1
0.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
72.3
27.4
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
76.3
22.6
1.1
(443)

50 and more
75.2
24.0
0.8
(254)

V225.- Which of the following statements best describes your views about parents' responsibilities to their children? (CODE
ONE ONLY)
A. Parents' duty is to do their best for their children even at the expense of their own well-being
B Parents have a life of t
TOTAL
Sacrifice
Neither
Own life
No answer
Dont know
(N)

60.3
20.3
18.6
0.1
0.7
(1,000)

Male
58.6
20.7
20.0
0.2
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
63.2
19.3
16.5
1.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
45.9
28.1
24.1
2.0
(303)

Age
30-49
65.0
18.1
16.7
0.2
(443)

50 and more
69.3
15.0
15.4
0.4
(254)

V226.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Good manners
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

52.7
47.3
(1,000)

Male
52.3
47.7
(599)

Sex
Female
53.1
46.9
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
57.8
42.2
(303)

Age
30-49
56.0
44.0
(443)

50 and more
40.9
59.1
(254)

V227.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Independence
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

84.0
16.0
(1,000)

Male
82.5
17.5
(599)

Sex
Female
86.2
13.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
89.8
10.2
(303)

Age
30-49
83.1
16.9
(443)

50 and more
78.7
21.3
(254)

V228.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Hard Work
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

64.6
35.4
(1,000)

Male
66.4
33.6
(599)

Sex
Female
62.2
37.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
51.2
48.8
(303)

Age
30-49
65.2
34.8
(443)

50 and more
79.5
20.5
(254)

Page 30 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V229.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Feeling of responsibility
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

66.9
33.1
(1,000)

Male
68.3
31.7
(599)

Sex
Female
64.7
35.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
67.0
33.0
(303)

Age
30-49
65.5
34.5
(443)

50 and more
69.3
30.7
(254)

V230.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Imagination
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

26.7
73.3
(1,000)

Male
26.2
73.8
(599)

Sex
Female
27.3
72.7
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
35.6
64.4
(303)

Age
30-49
26.0
74.0
(443)

50 and more
17.3
82.7
(254)

V231.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Tolerance and respect for other people
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

61.7
38.3
(1,000)

Male
59.6
40.4
(599)

Sex
Female
64.9
35.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
58.4
41.6
(303)

Age
30-49
63.2
36.8
(443)

50 and more
63.0
37.0
(254)

V232.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Thrift saving money and things
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

55.6
44.4
(1,000)

Male
57.1
42.9
(599)

Sex
Female
53.4
46.6
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
43.9
56.1
(303)

Age
30-49
56.4
43.6
(443)

50 and more
68.1
31.9
(254)

V233.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Determination, perseverance
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

45.0
55.0
(1,000)

Male
46.2
53.8
(599)

Sex
Female
43.4
56.6
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
61.1
38.9
(303)

Age
30-49
45.4
54.6
(443)

50 and more
25.2
74.8
(254)

Page 31 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V234.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Religious faith
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

1.2
98.8
(1,000)

Male
1.7
98.3
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
99.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
98.7
(303)

Age
30-49
0.9
99.1
(443)

50 and more
1.6
98.4
(254)

V235.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Unselfishness
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

30.9
69.1
(1,000)

Male
30.2
69.8
(599)

Sex
Female
31.8
68.2
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
28.4
71.6
(303)

Age
30-49
29.3
70.7
(443)

50 and more
36.6
63.4
(254)

V236.- Here is a list of qualities that children can be encouraged to learn at home. Which, if any, do you consider to be
especially important? Please choose up to five. (CODE FIVE ONLY)
Obedience
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

8.5
91.5
(1,000)

Male
8.0
92.0
(599)

Sex
Female
9.3
90.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.3
94.7
(303)

Age
30-49
7.0
93.0
(443)

50 and more
15.0
85.0
(254)

Age
30-49
92.6
7.0
0.5
(443)

50 and more
90.2
9.4
0.4
(254)

Age
30-49
94.4
5.4
0.2
(443)

50 and more
89.4
8.3
0.4
2.0
(254)

V237.- Do you approve or disapprove of abortion under the following circumstances?


Where the mother's health is at risk by the pregnancy
TOTAL
Approve
Disapprov
No answer
Dont know
(N)

90.1
8.9
0.2
0.8
(1,000)

Male
91.2
8.0
0.8
(599)

Sex
Female
88.5
10.3
0.5
0.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
86.5
11.2
2.3
(303)

V238.- Do you approve or disapprove of abortion under the following circumstances?


Where it is likely that the child would be born physically handicapped
TOTAL
Approve
Disapprov
No answer
Dont know
(N)

92.7
5.8
0.2
1.3
(1,000)

Male
92.8
6.0
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
92.5
5.5
0.5
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
93.1
4.3
2.6
(303)

Page 32 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V239.- ADo you approve or disapprove of abortion under the following circumstances?.
When the woman is not married
TOTAL
Approve
Disapprov
No answer
Dont know
(N)

72.8
23.4
0.4
3.4
(1,000)

Male
69.3
27.2
0.3
3.2
(599)

Sex
Female
77.9
17.8
0.5
3.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

Age
30-49
74.5
22.1
0.9
2.5
(443)

50 and more
74.0
22.8
3.1
(254)

up to 29
89.1
8.6
2.3
(303)

Age
30-49
93.5
6.5
(443)

50 and more
92.1
5.5
0.8
1.6
(254)

up to 29
19.8
43.6
32.7
3.6
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
24.8
43.3
26.0
2.9
2.0
0.9
(443)

50 and more
31.9
32.7
25.6
7.1
2.0
0.8
(254)

up to 29
69.3
25.7
5.0
(303)

V240.- Do you approve or disapprove of abortion under the following circumstances?.


When a married couple does not want to have any more children
TOTAL
Approve
Disapprov
No answer
Dont know
(N)

91.8
6.9
0.2
1.1
(1,000)

Male
91.2
7.7
0.2
1.0
(599)

Sex
Female
92.7
5.8
0.3
1.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

V241.- How interested would you say you are in politics?


TOTAL
Very
Some
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

25.1
40.7
27.9
4.2
1.5
0.6
(1,000)

Male
31.1
38.2
25.2
3.0
1.5
1.0
(599)

Sex
Female
16.3
44.4
31.8
6.0
1.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

V247.- Which of these two statements comes closest to your own opinion?
A. I find that both freedom and equality are important. But if I were to choose one or the other, I would consider personal
freedom more important, that is, everyone can live in freedom and
TOTAL
Freedom
Neither
Equality
No answer
Dont know
(N)

20.3
14.0
63.1
0.3
2.3
(1,000)

Male
21.5
12.5
64.3
0.2
1.5
(599)

Sex
Female
18.3
16.3
61.4
0.5
3.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
31.7
14.5
52.1
0.7
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
16.9
13.3
68.4
1.4
(443)

50 and more
12.6
14.6
66.9
0.4
5.5
(254)

Page 33 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V249.- On this card are three basic kinds of attitudes concerning the society we live in. Please choose the one which best
describes your own opinion.
TOTAL
Radical
Reform
Defend
No answer
Dont know
(N)

5.0
67.2
23.6
0.8
3.4
(1,000)

Male
6.7
67.3
22.9
0.5
2.7
(599)

Sex
Female
2.5
66.9
24.8
1.3
4.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
7.9
70.0
17.5
0.3
4.3
(303)

Age
30-49
4.7
67.9
24.8
0.7
1.8
(443)

50 and more
2.0
62.6
28.7
1.6
5.1
(254)

V250.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Equal
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Individ
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

3.5
1.8
1.8
2.3
5.0
5.3
11.5
22.2
14.5
31.6
0.5
(1,000)
7.87
2.32
(995)

Male
3.2
1.3
1.5
2.8
4.5
5.3
10.7
24.0
14.4
32.1
0.2
(599)
7.94
2.24
(598)

Sex
Female
4.0
2.5
2.3
1.5
5.8
5.0
12.5
19.5
14.8
31.1
1.0
(399)
7.76
2.43
(395)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
6.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
1.3
1.3
2.0
0.7
4.0
6.3
9.9
26.1
12.2
36.3
(303)
8.21
1.99
(303)

Age
30-49
4.7
1.8
1.1
2.9
5.2
4.3
11.7
21.2
17.2
29.6
0.2
(443)
7.79
2.41
(442)

50 and more
3.9
2.4
2.8
3.1
5.9
5.9
13.0
19.3
12.6
29.5
1.6
(254)
7.60
2.48
(250)

V251.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Private
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Governmt
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

4.5
2.6
5.6
3.8
11.2
10.6
10.1
18.4
11.2
19.3
2.7
(1,000)
6.92
2.57
(973)

Male
5.3
3.3
6.5
4.5
11.5
10.4
9.2
19.4
10.0
17.7
2.2
(599)
6.70
2.65
(586)

Sex
Female
3.3
1.5
4.3
2.8
10.8
11.0
11.5
16.5
13.0
21.8
3.5
(399)
7.24
2.42
(385)

No answer
100.0
(2)
8.00
(2)

up to 29
8.3
3.3
8.3
5.3
14.9
10.9
12.9
14.2
8.9
10.9
2.3
(303)
6.07
2.67
(296)

Age
30-49
2.9
3.2
5.2
3.8
10.4
11.7
7.9
19.0
12.4
20.8
2.7
(443)
7.08
2.51
(431)

50 and more
2.8
0.8
3.1
2.0
8.3
8.3
10.6
22.4
11.8
26.8
3.1
(254)
7.65
2.27
(246)

Page 34 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V252.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Individ
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
State
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

15.3
9.1
10.7
7.0
13.5
10.9
7.8
10.0
4.3
10.6
0.8
(1,000)
5.10
2.91
(992)

Male
17.0
9.7
11.2
6.3
12.7
9.7
8.3
10.0
4.2
10.2
0.7
(599)
4.98
2.95
(595)

Sex
Female
12.8
8.3
9.8
8.0
14.5
12.8
7.0
10.0
4.5
11.3
1.0
(399)
5.28
2.85
(395)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.00
1.41
(2)

up to 29
18.8
9.6
8.9
8.3
13.5
8.9
8.3
8.9
3.6
9.9
1.3
(303)
4.86
2.95
(299)

Age
30-49
14.0
9.3
11.7
8.1
13.8
10.8
8.1
9.0
4.5
10.2
0.5
(443)
5.08
2.86
(441)

50 and more
13.4
8.3
11.0
3.5
13.0
13.4
6.7
13.0
4.7
12.2
0.8
(254)
5.42
2.94
(252)

V253.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Take any
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Refuse
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

14.4
8.8
11.1
6.9
11.5
8.7
6.7
10.9
6.5
11.1
3.4
(1,000)
5.24
3.00
(966)

Male
14.4
8.8
11.4
7.8
11.2
8.8
5.2
11.0
6.2
12.0
3.2
(599)
5.23
3.03
(580)

Sex
Female
14.5
8.8
10.8
5.5
12.0
8.5
8.8
10.8
6.8
9.8
3.8
(399)
5.24
2.97
(384)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
8.00
1.41
(2)

up to 29
8.9
7.6
7.6
6.6
13.2
7.9
7.9
14.2
9.2
14.9
2.0
(303)
5.99
2.93
(297)

Age
30-49
15.8
7.7
11.7
7.4
11.1
8.8
7.4
10.4
5.9
10.8
2.9
(443)
5.16
3.00
(430)

50 and more
18.5
12.2
14.2
6.3
10.2
9.4
3.9
7.9
4.3
7.1
5.9
(254)
4.45
2.89
(239)

Page 35 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V254.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Good
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Harmful
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

40.1
18.7
14.3
9.3
7.7
3.1
1.3
2.2
0.9
0.8
0.1
1.5
(1,000)
2.62
1.97
(984)

Male
43.1
19.4
14.0
9.0
6.8
3.2
0.7
1.3
0.7
0.7
1.2
(599)
2.44
1.82
(592)

Sex
Female
35.8
17.8
14.5
9.5
9.0
3.0
2.3
3.5
1.3
1.0
0.3
2.0
(399)
2.88
2.15
(390)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
43.2
17.8
14.9
9.9
6.3
2.3
1.0
2.0
0.7
1.3
0.7
(303)
2.52
1.95
(301)

Age
30-49
40.2
19.6
15.6
9.5
7.4
2.3
1.1
1.8
0.9
0.5
1.1
(443)
2.53
1.84
(438)

50 and more
36.2
18.1
11.4
8.3
9.8
5.5
2.0
3.1
1.2
0.8
0.4
3.1
(254)
2.90
2.17
(245)

V255.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Good
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
No luck
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

20.1
10.1
9.4
6.2
10.4
7.9
5.4
11.6
6.4
11.2
1.3
(1,000)
4.99
3.14
(987)

Male
20.5
9.5
10.0
5.5
10.4
8.2
5.5
12.0
7.2
10.2
1.0
(599)
4.99
3.13
(593)

Sex
Female
19.5
11.0
8.3
7.3
10.5
7.3
5.3
11.0
5.3
12.8
1.8
(399)
5.01
3.17
(392)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.50
2.12
(2)

up to 29
14.9
8.3
9.6
5.9
9.6
10.6
5.0
12.9
8.6
14.2
0.7
(303)
5.55
3.12
(301)

Age
30-49
20.8
9.5
9.9
5.2
12.2
5.9
6.5
12.2
6.3
10.8
0.7
(443)
4.98
3.14
(440)

50 and more
25.2
13.4
8.3
8.3
8.3
8.3
3.9
9.1
3.9
8.3
3.1
(254)
4.33
3.05
(246)

Page 36 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V256.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Others
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Greed
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

1.6
1.8
2.6
2.4
9.4
8.5
10.4
20.4
14.1
23.9
4.9
(1,000)
7.60
2.22
(951)

Male
1.7
2.2
3.3
2.3
9.2
8.8
9.7
21.5
13.9
24.4
3.0
(599)
7.56
2.27
(581)

Sex
Female
1.5
1.3
1.5
2.5
9.8
8.0
11.5
18.3
14.5
23.3
7.8
(399)
7.66
2.15
(368)

No answer
100.0
(2)
8.00
(2)

Age
30-49
0.9
2.3
2.9
1.8
8.4
6.8
9.9
23.7
14.7
24.4
4.3
(443)
7.72
2.16
(424)

up to 29
2.0
2.3
3.3
3.0
12.2
12.9
11.6
15.8
11.6
23.4
2.0
(303)
7.27
2.34
(297)

50 and more
2.4
0.4
1.2
2.8
7.9
6.3
9.8
20.1
16.1
23.6
9.4
(254)
7.80
2.15
(230)

V257.- People sometimes talk about what the aims of this country should be for the next ten years. On this card are listed
some of the goals which different people would give top priority. Would you please say which one of these you, yourself,
consider the most
Sex
TOTAL
A high level of economic growth
Making sure this country has strong defense forces
Seeing that people have more say about how are done at their jobs and in their
communities
Trying to make our cities and countryside more beautiful
Dont know
(N)

Age

65.8
18.7
2.4

65.9
19.4
2.7

65.4
17.8
2.0

No
answer
100.0
-

12.3
0.8
(1,000)

11.2
0.8
(599)

14.0
0.8
(399)

(2)

Male

Female

69.6
14.5
2.6

67.5
18.5
2.5

50 and
more
58.3
24.0
2.0

12.2
1.0
(303)

11.1
0.5
(443)

14.6
1.2
(254)

up to 29

30-49

V258.- People sometimes talk about what the aims of this country should be for the next ten years. On this card are listed
some of the goals which different people would give top priority. Would you please say which one of these you, yourself,
consider the most
Sex
TOTAL
A high level of economic growth
Making sure this country has strong defense forces
Seeing that people have more say about how are done at their jobs and in their
communities
Trying to make our cities and countryside more beautiful
No answer
Dont know
(N)

Age

15.6
35.7
9.2

16.0
35.9
9.2

15.0
35.3
9.3

No
answer
50.0
-

37.6
0.2
1.7
(1,000)

36.7
0.3
1.8
(599)

38.8
1.5
(399)

50.0
(2)

Male

Female

12.9
38.0
7.9

16.0
33.6
11.7

50 and
more
18.1
36.6
6.3

39.3
2.0
(303)

37.2
0.2
1.1
(443)

36.2
0.4
2.4
(254)

up to 29

30-49

Page 37 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V259.- If you had to choose, which one of the things on this card would you say is most important? And which would be the
next most important?
First choice
Sex
TOTAL
Maintaining order in the nation
Giving people more say in important government decisions
Fighting rising prices
Protecting freedom of speech
Dont know
(N)

Male

66.2
14.0
16.7
2.6
0.5
(1,000)

Age

Female

64.6
15.7
16.5
2.8
0.3
(599)

No answer

68.4
11.5
17.0
2.3
0.8
(399)

up to 29

100.0
(2)

50 and
more
73.2
8.3
17.3
0.8
0.4
(254)

30-49

62.0
19.5
12.9
4.6
1.0
(303)

65.0
13.5
19.0
2.3
0.2
(443)

V260.- If you had to choose, which one of the things on this card would you say is most important? And which would be the
next most important?
Second choice
Sex
TOTAL
Maintaining order in the nation
Giving people more say in important government decisions
Fighting rising prices
Protecting freedom of speech
Dont know
(N)

Male

17.5
22.3
43.3
15.4
1.5
(1,000)

Age

Female

15.9
23.4
41.7
18.0
1.0
(599)

No answer

20.1
20.6
45.9
11.3
2.3
(399)

up to 29

50.0
50.0
(2)

50 and
more
18.9
21.7
48.8
8.7
2.0
(254)

30-49

18.5
21.1
38.0
20.8
1.7
(303)

16.0
23.5
43.8
15.6
1.1
(443)

V261.- Here is another list. In your opinion, which one of these is most important? And what would be the next most
important?
First choice
Sex
TOTAL
A stable economy
Progress toward a less impersonal and more humane society
Progress toward a society in which Ideas count more than money
The fight against crime
Dont know
(N)

82.1
5.9
7.5
3.6
0.9
(1,000)

Male
81.0
6.5
7.5
4.2
0.8
(599)

Female
83.7
5.0
7.5
2.8
1.0
(399)

Age
No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
78.9
8.6
8.3
2.6
1.7
(303)

30-49
81.7
5.4
8.4
4.5
(443)

50 and
more
86.6
3.5
5.1
3.1
1.6
(254)

V262.- Here is another list. In your opinion, which one of these is most important? And what would be the next most
important?
Second choice
Sex
TOTAL
A stable economy
Progress toward a less impersonal and more humane society
Progress toward a society in which Ideas count more than money
The fight against crime
No answer
Dont know
(N)

9.5
30.1
29.2
28.5
0.1
2.6
(1,000)

Male
9.8
30.2
27.9
29.7
0.2
2.2
(599)

Female
9.0
29.6
31.3
26.8
3.3
(399)

Age
No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
10.9
34.0
29.7
22.1
3.3
(303)

30-49
10.2
31.6
29.1
27.1
2.0
(443)

50 and
more
6.7
22.8
28.7
38.6
0.4
2.8
(254)

Page 38 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V263.- Of course, we all hope that there will not be another war, but if it were to come to that, would you be willing to fight
for your country?
TOTAL
Yes
No
No answer
Dont know
(N)

93.2
2.5
0.4
3.9
(1,000)

Male
93.7
2.0
0.3
4.0
(599)

Sex
Female
92.5
3.3
0.5
3.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
94.1
2.6
0.7
2.6
(303)

Age
30-49
93.7
2.5
0.5
3.4
(443)

50 and more
91.3
2.4
6.3
(254)

V264.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
Less emphasis on m
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
No answer
Dont know
(N)

65.9
25.2
7.4
0.1
1.4
(1,000)

Male
64.4
25.9
8.3
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
68.2
24.1
6.0
0.3
1.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
61.4
28.4
8.9
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
67.7
24.6
7.0
0.2
0.5
(443)

50 and more
68.1
22.4
6.3
3.1
(254)

V265.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
Less importance pl
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
No answer
Dont know
(N)

8.1
12.3
78.1
0.1
1.4
(1,000)

Male
8.5
12.5
77.6
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
7.5
11.8
78.9
0.3
1.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
7.6
16.2
74.9
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
8.8
11.7
78.6
0.2
0.7
(443)

50 and more
7.5
8.7
81.1
2.8
(254)

V266.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
More emphasis on t
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
Dont know
(N)

93.6
4.1
0.7
1.6
(1,000)

Male
93.8
4.0
0.5
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
93.2
4.3
1.0
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
91.7
5.3
1.7
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
95.0
3.6
1.4
(443)

50 and more
93.3
3.5
0.8
2.4
(254)

Page 39 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V267.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
Greater emphasis o
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
No answer
Dont know
(N)

39.0
38.6
19.9
0.1
2.4
(1,000)

Male
41.2
37.6
18.9
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
35.6
40.1
21.6
0.3
2.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
50.2
35.0
13.2
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
36.6
39.7
22.6
0.2
0.9
(443)

50 and more
29.9
40.9
23.2
5.9
(254)

V268.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
Greater respect fo
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
No answer
Dont know
(N)

23.6
39.1
34.0
0.2
3.1
(1,000)

Male
25.2
39.1
33.1
2.7
(599)

Sex
Female
21.3
39.1
35.3
0.5
3.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
19.8
40.6
38.0
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
23.7
40.0
33.2
0.5
2.7
(443)

50 and more
28.0
35.8
30.7
5.5
(254)

V269.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
More emphasis on f
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
No answer
Dont know
(N)

72.8
22.3
3.6
0.1
1.2
(1,000)

Male
69.4
25.5
4.3
0.7
(599)

Sex
Female
77.7
17.5
2.5
0.3
2.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
71.3
24.1
3.3
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
76.5
19.9
2.7
0.2
0.7
(443)

50 and more
68.1
24.4
5.5
2.0
(254)

V270.- I'm going to read out a list of various changes in our way of life that might take place in the near future. Please tell
me for each one, if it were to happen, whether you think it would be a good thing, a bad thing, or don't you mind?
A simple and more
TOTAL
Good
Neither
Bad
No answer
Dont know
(N)

49.7
40.9
6.5
0.3
2.6
(1,000)

Male
49.7
41.1
6.8
2.3
(599)

Sex
Female
49.9
40.4
6.0
0.8
3.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
55.8
38.0
5.0
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
47.9
43.1
7.0
0.2
1.8
(443)

50 and more
45.7
40.6
7.5
0.4
5.9
(254)

Page 40 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V271.- In the long run, do you think the scientific advances we are making will help or harm mankind?
TOTAL
Help
Both
Harm
No answer
Dont know
(N)

56.9
40.0
0.8
0.2
2.1
(1,000)

Male
57.1
41.6
0.7
0.7
(599)

Sex
Female
56.4
37.8
1.0
0.5
4.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
49.5
47.5
1.3
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
58.7
39.3
0.9
0.2
0.9
(443)

50 and more
62.6
32.3
0.4
4.7
(254)

V272.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The churches
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

1.4
3.1
20.5
71.4
0.1
3.5
(1,000)

Male
1.5
3.0
17.9
74.6
0.2
2.8
(599)

Sex
Female
1.3
3.3
24.3
66.7
4.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
5.3
31.0
58.4
0.3
3.6
(303)

Age
30-49
0.7
2.3
16.5
78.1
2.5
(443)

50 and more
2.8
2.0
15.0
75.2
5.1
(254)

V273.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The armed forces
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
Dont know
(N)

43.9
44.0
8.1
1.6
2.4
(1,000)

Male
48.1
40.6
8.2
1.5
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
37.6
49.1
8.0
1.8
3.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
38.3
44.2
13.2
2.3
2.0
(303)

Age
30-49
43.8
46.3
7.0
1.1
1.8
(443)

50 and more
50.8
39.8
3.9
1.6
3.9
(254)

V274.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The education system
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

43.5
47.7
6.8
0.6
0.1
1.3
(1,000)

Male
41.2
48.2
8.0
1.0
0.2
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
47.1
46.6
5.0
1.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
43.2
45.5
9.6
0.7
0.3
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
43.6
47.9
7.0
0.5
1.1
(443)

50 and more
43.7
50.0
3.1
0.8
2.4
(254)

Page 41 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V275.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
Justice system
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

32.5
41.8
22.0
2.0
0.1
1.6
(1,000)

Male
30.9
40.2
24.7
2.3
0.2
1.7
(599)

Sex
Female
35.1
43.9
18.0
1.5
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
30.7
38.6
25.7
3.6
0.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
32.3
43.8
22.3
0.7
0.9
(443)

50 and more
35.0
42.1
16.9
2.4
3.5
(254)

V276.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The press
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

8.2
41.8
38.6
2.7
0.2
8.5
(1,000)

Male
8.7
41.4
39.2
3.3
0.3
7.0
(599)

Sex
Female
7.5
42.1
37.8
1.8
10.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
8.6
41.6
40.3
3.3
0.3
5.9
(303)

Age
30-49
6.8
43.8
39.5
3.4
0.2
6.3
(443)

50 and more
10.2
38.6
35.0
0.8
15.4
(254)

V277.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
Labour unions
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

3.0
30.0
40.3
6.2
0.1
20.4
(1,000)
2.63
0.68
(795)

Male
3.0
29.9
42.1
6.3
0.2
18.5
(599)
2.64
0.68
(487)

Sex
Female
3.0
30.1
37.6
6.0
23.3
(399)
2.61
0.69
(306)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
2.6
32.0
42.9
5.9
16.5
(303)
2.62
0.66
(253)

Age
30-49
2.5
32.5
41.3
6.1
17.6
(443)
2.62
0.67
(365)

50 and more
4.3
23.2
35.4
6.7
0.4
29.9
(254)
2.64
0.74
(177)

Page 42 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V278.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The police
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

15.6
49.1
26.5
4.1
0.3
4.4
(1,000)

Male
15.9
47.1
27.5
5.2
0.3
4.0
(599)

Sex
Female
15.3
51.9
25.1
2.5
0.3
5.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
12.2
47.9
32.0
5.0
0.7
2.3
(303)

Age
30-49
12.6
52.6
26.0
3.8
0.2
4.7
(443)

50 and more
24.8
44.5
20.9
3.5
6.3
(254)

V279.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
Parliament
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

45.2
32.9
14.6
3.5
0.3
3.5
(1,000)

Male
42.7
34.6
15.2
3.8
0.5
3.2
(599)

Sex
Female
48.9
30.3
13.8
3.0
4.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
38.0
33.7
17.2
6.6
0.7
4.0
(303)

Age
30-49
47.4
31.8
15.8
2.0
0.2
2.7
(443)

50 and more
50.0
33.9
9.4
2.4
4.3
(254)

V280.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The Civil service
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

10.2
43.4
33.3
3.4
0.1
9.6
(1,000)

Male
11.2
42.4
32.7
3.3
0.2
10.2
(599)

Sex
Female
8.8
44.9
34.1
3.5
8.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
10.9
42.2
35.0
5.3
6.6
(303)

Age
30-49
10.2
44.2
34.3
2.5
8.8
(443)

50 and more
9.4
43.3
29.5
2.8
0.4
14.6
(254)

V281.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
Major companies
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
Dont know
(N)

4.2
27.1
46.2
9.8
12.7
(1,000)

Male
4.3
26.9
47.1
9.5
12.2
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
27.1
45.1
10.3
13.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.6
29.4
46.9
9.9
8.3
(303)

Age
30-49
2.7
26.0
49.2
9.9
12.2
(443)

50 and more
5.1
26.4
40.2
9.4
18.9
(254)

Page 43 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V282.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The Social security system
TOTAL
A lot
Quite
Not very
Notatall
Dont know
(N)

25.7
50.9
17.2
1.4
4.8
(1,000)

Male
25.2
48.4
19.5
1.5
5.3
(599)

Sex
Female
26.6
54.4
13.8
1.3
4.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
23.4
50.8
19.5
2.3
4.0
(303)

Age
30-49
26.4
50.3
18.1
1.1
4.1
(443)

50 and more
27.2
52.0
13.0
0.8
7.1
(254)

V283B.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
The European Union
TOTAL
a lot
quite
not very
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

1.8
15.4
28.7
12.2
0.4
41.5
(1,000)

Male
2.5
15.4
28.7
13.2
0.7
39.6
(599)

Sex
Female
0.8
15.3
28.6
10.8
44.6
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
3.0
23.8
29.0
10.9
1.0
32.3
(303)

Age
30-49
0.9
13.8
31.2
11.7
42.4
(443)

50 and more
2.0
8.3
24.0
14.6
0.4
50.8
(254)

V284.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisa
TOTAL
a lot
quite
not very
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

1.2
11.2
29.4
14.2
0.5
43.5
(1,000)

Male
1.7
10.7
30.7
15.2
0.7
41.1
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
11.8
27.3
12.8
0.3
47.4
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
2.0
17.2
33.0
12.2
1.0
34.7
(303)

Age
30-49
0.7
11.1
31.4
12.6
44.2
(443)

50 and more
1.2
4.3
21.7
19.3
0.8
52.8
(254)

V285.- I am going to name a number of organisations. For each one, could you tell me how much confidence you have in
them: is it a great deal of confidence, quite a lot of confidence, not very much confidence or none at all?
Political parties
TOTAL
a lot
quite
not very
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

31.1
39.9
14.7
3.0
0.2
11.1
(1,000)

Male
31.9
37.6
16.2
3.7
0.3
10.4
(599)

Sex
Female
30.1
43.1
12.5
2.0
12.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
23.8
42.6
19.8
5.0
0.7
8.3
(303)

Age
30-49
32.3
39.5
15.1
2.3
10.8
(443)

50 and more
37.8
37.4
7.9
2.0
15.0
(254)

Page 44 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V286.- On this card are listed some things people have said make them proud of your country. Do any of these things make
you proud of your country?...Is there anything else?...And is there anything else? [CODE UP TO TWO MENTIONS]
First choice
TOTAL
science
politics
sports
culture
economy
health
none
long history
Dont know
(N)

28.5
9.8
5.4
4.6
6.8
1.7
3.3
38.1
1.8
(1,000)

Male
29.0
9.7
5.8
5.3
7.2
1.3
3.3
36.9
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
27.8
10.0
4.8
3.5
6.0
2.3
3.3
39.8
2.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
29.7
6.9
8.3
5.6
6.3
1.0
6.6
35.0
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
26.4
11.1
3.4
5.0
6.8
1.4
2.3
42.2
1.6
(443)

50 and more
30.7
11.0
5.5
2.8
7.5
3.1
1.2
34.6
3.5
(254)

V287.- On this card are listed some things people have said make them proud of your country. Do any of these things make
you proud of your country?...Is there anything else?...And is there anything else? [CODE UP TO TWO MENTIONS]
Second choice
TOTAL
science
politics
sports
culture
economy
health
none
long history
No answer
Dont know
(N)

17.6
10.3
13.2
14.1
11.5
7.1
4.0
18.6
0.2
3.4
(1,000)

Male
16.9
11.2
14.2
13.2
11.0
7.0
4.8
18.7
0.2
2.8
(599)

Sex
Female
18.8
9.0
11.8
15.3
12.3
7.0
2.8
18.5
0.3
4.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
16.8
10.2
14.5
16.5
9.2
5.9
6.9
16.5
3.3
(303)

Age
30-49
19.2
9.9
14.2
14.0
12.4
7.4
2.5
17.4
0.2
2.7
(443)

50 and more
15.7
11.0
9.8
11.4
12.6
7.9
3.1
23.2
0.4
4.7
(254)

V288.- Generally speaking, would you say that this country is run by a few big interests looking out for themselves, or that it
is run for the benefit of all the people?
TOTAL
intersts
everyone
No answer
Dont know
(N)

7.4
85.8
0.8
6.0
(1,000)

Male
7.8
84.6
1.0
6.5
(599)

Sex
Female
6.8
87.5
0.5
5.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
12.5
81.2
0.3
5.9
(303)

Age
30-49
5.6
86.2
1.6
6.5
(443)

50 and more
4.3
90.6
5.1
(254)

Page 45 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V290.- There are a number of groups and movements looking for public support. For each of the following movements,
which I read out, can you tell me whether you approve or disapprove of this movement? (Read out and code one answer for
each) Please use the respon
TOTAL
Approv+
Approve
Disappro
Disapp+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

50.3
39.5
0.5
0.1
0.1
9.5
(1,000)

Male
53.4
39.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
6.7
(599)

Sex
Female
45.6
40.1
0.5
13.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
55.8
36.6
1.3
0.3
5.9
(303)

Age
30-49
49.0
43.3
0.2
7.4
(443)

50 and more
46.1
36.2
0.4
17.3
(254)

V291.- There are a number of groups and movements looking for public support. For each of the following movements,
which I read out, can you tell me whether you approve or disapprove of this movement? (Read out and code one answer for
each) Please use the respon
TOTAL
Approv+
Approve
Disappro
Disapp+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

50.3
33.8
3.7
1.6
0.1
10.5
(1,000)

Male
52.6
35.1
3.7
2.2
0.2
6.3
(599)

Sex
Female
47.1
31.6
3.8
0.8
16.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
49.2
37.3
4.0
1.3
8.3
(303)

Age
30-49
50.6
33.9
4.5
1.8
9.3
(443)

50 and more
51.2
29.5
2.0
1.6
0.4
15.4
(254)

V292.- There are a number of groups and movements looking for public support. For each of the following movements,
which I read out, can you tell me whether you approve or disapprove of this movement? (Read out and code one answer for
each) Please use the respon
TOTAL
Approv+
Approve
Disappro
Disapp+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

35.4
43.3
5.3
2.1
0.2
13.7
(1,000)

Male
36.4
47.1
4.8
2.7
0.2
8.8
(599)

Sex
Female
34.1
37.3
6.0
1.3
0.3
21.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
30.4
51.8
5.3
2.3
10.2
(303)

Age
30-49
36.8
41.3
5.2
2.7
0.5
13.5
(443)

50 and more
39.0
36.6
5.5
0.8
18.1
(254)

V293.- There are a number of groups and movements looking for public support. For each of the following movements,
which I read out, can you tell me whether you approve or disapprove of this movement? (Read out and code one answer for
each) Please use the respon
TOTAL
Approv+
Approve
Disappro
Disapp+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

20.6
36.2
15.1
5.5
0.4
22.2
(1,000)

Male
19.9
39.4
16.4
6.5
0.5
17.4
(599)

Sex
Female
21.8
31.1
13.3
4.0
0.3
29.6
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
30.0
36.6
14.5
3.6
0.7
14.5
(303)

Age
30-49
18.3
40.2
13.3
5.6
0.2
22.3
(443)

50 and more
13.4
28.7
18.9
7.5
0.4
31.1
(254)

Page 46 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V294.- There are a number of groups and movements looking for public support. For each of the following movements,
which I read out, can you tell me whether you approve or disapprove of this movement? (Read out and code one answer for
each) Please use the respon
TOTAL
Approv+
Approve
Disappro
Disapp+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

22.2
41.7
13.0
3.3
0.3
19.5
(1,000)

Male
16.0
45.2
17.4
4.7
0.3
16.4
(599)

Sex
Female
31.6
36.1
6.5
1.3
0.3
24.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
25.4
43.9
14.2
3.0
0.3
13.2
(303)

Age
30-49
19.4
44.5
13.1
3.2
0.2
19.6
(443)

50 and more
23.2
34.3
11.4
3.9
0.4
26.8
(254)

V295.- There are a number of groups and movements looking for public support. For each of the following movements,
which I read out, can you tell me whether you approve or disapprove of this movement? (Read out and code one answer for
each) Please use the respon
TOTAL
Approv+
Approve
Disappro
Disapp+
No answer
Dont know
(N)

38.9
36.8
3.6
2.6
0.8
17.3
(1,000)

Male
41.9
37.9
4.0
2.3
0.7
13.2
(599)

Sex
Female
34.6
34.8
3.0
3.0
1.0
23.6
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
41.6
39.6
4.3
2.6
0.3
11.6
(303)

Age
30-49
34.3
39.5
4.1
3.4
0.9
17.8
(443)

50 and more
43.7
28.7
2.0
1.2
1.2
23.2
(254)

V296.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Claiming government benefits to whi
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

74.4
8.0
6.7
2.6
2.3
2.5
0.6
0.4
0.1
1.2
0.2
1.0
(1,000)
1.70
1.60
(988)

Male
73.6
8.2
5.8
3.3
2.2
2.8
0.3
0.5
0.2
1.5
0.3
1.2
(599)
1.74
1.69
(590)

Sex
Female
75.7
7.8
7.8
1.5
2.5
2.0
1.0
0.3
0.8
0.8
(399)
1.63
1.47
(396)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.00
1.41
(2)

up to 29
67.3
7.9
7.9
5.0
3.0
4.3
1.0
0.3
0.3
2.3
0.7
(303)
2.04
1.99
(301)

Age
30-49
75.8
8.6
6.1
1.1
2.0
2.5
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.5
1.4
(443)
1.61
1.48
(435)

50 and more
80.3
7.1
6.3
2.4
2.0
0.4
0.8
0.8
(254)
1.44
1.19
(252)

Page 47 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V297.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Avoiding a fare on public transport
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

78.7
7.6
5.5
1.7
2.5
2.0
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.2
(1,000)
1.58
1.45
(998)

Male
77.8
6.7
6.0
1.3
3.2
2.7
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.3
(599)
1.64
1.54
(597)

Sex
Female
80.2
9.0
4.8
2.3
1.5
0.8
0.5
0.3
0.8
(399)
1.47
1.28
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
72.6
6.9
6.9
3.3
5.0
2.6
1.0
0.7
1.0
(303)
1.84
1.73
(303)

Age
30-49
79.7
8.4
4.5
1.1
1.8
2.3
0.9
0.2
0.9
0.2
(443)
1.55
1.45
(442)

50 and more
84.3
7.1
5.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.4
0.4
(254)
1.31
0.96
(253)

V298.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Cheating on taxes if you have a cha
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

81.0
6.4
5.0
1.4
1.9
1.8
0.3
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.4
(1,000)
1.54
1.48
(996)

Male
80.1
6.0
5.0
2.2
1.8
1.8
0.5
0.7
0.2
1.2
0.5
(599)
1.59
1.56
(596)

Sex
Female
82.5
7.0
5.0
0.3
1.8
1.8
0.3
0.8
0.5
0.3
(399)
1.46
1.35
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
2.83
(2)

up to 29
72.9
6.6
5.9
1.3
3.6
4.3
0.7
1.0
0.7
2.3
0.7
(303)
1.96
2.05
(301)

Age
30-49
83.7
7.0
4.5
1.1
0.9
1.1
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
(443)
1.39
1.19
(442)

50 and more
85.8
5.1
4.7
2.0
1.6
0.4
0.4
(254)
1.30
0.95
(253)

Page 48 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V299.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card.
Buy stolen goods
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

72.3
8.6
7.6
3.7
3.7
2.0
0.8
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.1
(1,000)
1.74
1.52
(998)

Male
71.1
8.3
8.3
3.8
4.7
1.3
1.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
(599)
1.77
1.53
(598)

Sex
Female
74.2
9.0
6.5
3.5
2.3
2.8
0.3
0.8
0.5
0.3
(399)
1.68
1.50
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
64.4
8.3
9.2
6.6
5.0
3.0
1.0
0.3
1.7
0.7
(303)
2.09
1.88
(303)

Age
30-49
75.4
7.9
6.8
2.5
3.6
2.0
1.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
(443)
1.64
1.40
(442)

50 and more
76.4
10.2
7.1
2.4
2.4
0.8
0.4
0.4
(254)
1.49
1.13
(253)

V300.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Taking and driving away a car belon
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

84.3
6.5
4.4
1.6
1.0
0.9
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
(1,000)
1.34
1.01
(994)

Male
82.5
6.3
4.3
2.5
1.5
1.0
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.7
(599)
1.41
1.12
(594)

Sex
Female
87.2
6.5
4.5
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.3
(399)
1.23
0.81
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
1.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
76.2
8.9
5.9
2.3
3.0
1.7
0.3
0.3
0.7
0.7
(303)
1.58
1.38
(301)

Age
30-49
87.4
4.7
4.3
1.8
0.5
0.7
0.7
(443)
1.25
0.83
(440)

50 and more
88.6
6.7
2.8
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.4
(254)
1.19
0.66
(253)

Page 49 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V301.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Taking the drug marijuana or hashis
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

95.0
1.8
1.1
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.0
(1,000)
1.09
0.58
(989)

Male
94.5
1.8
1.2
0.7
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
1.0
(599)
1.10
0.60
(592)

Sex
Female
95.7
1.8
1.0
0.3
0.3
1.0
(399)
1.07
0.53
(395)

No answer
100.0
(2)
1.00
(2)

up to 29
93.1
2.3
2.0
0.3
0.7
0.3
1.3
(303)
1.14
0.74
(299)

Age
30-49
96.2
1.4
0.9
0.7
0.2
0.7
(443)
1.07
0.54
(440)

50 and more
95.3
2.0
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.2
(254)
1.06
0.37
(250)

V302.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card.
Keeping money that you have found
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

65.1
8.8
6.1
4.7
6.7
4.0
1.3
1.2
0.5
0.9
0.1
0.6
(1,000)
2.11
1.93
(993)

Male
62.9
9.2
6.2
6.3
6.8
4.8
0.8
1.3
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.3
(599)
2.16
1.89
(596)

Sex
Female
68.4
8.3
6.0
2.3
6.5
2.5
2.0
1.0
0.5
1.5
1.0
(399)
2.03
1.99
(395)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
53.5
9.2
9.2
6.3
10.6
5.6
2.3
1.3
0.3
1.7
(303)
2.57
2.16
(303)

Age
30-49
67.9
9.0
5.2
4.1
5.0
4.1
0.9
1.8
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.9
(443)
1.98
1.84
(438)

50 and more
74.0
7.9
3.9
3.9
5.1
2.0
0.8
0.4
1.2
0.8
(254)
1.77
1.69
(252)

Page 50 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V303.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Lying in your own interest
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

31.2
6.5
9.1
8.0
14.0
11.6
3.8
5.6
2.3
5.8
0.1
2.0
(1,000)
4.02
2.80
(979)

Male
32.4
6.5
8.0
9.2
13.0
11.5
4.2
6.5
2.3
4.8
0.2
1.3
(599)
3.97
2.78
(590)

Sex
Female
29.3
6.5
10.8
6.3
15.3
11.8
3.3
4.3
2.3
7.3
3.0
(399)
4.09
2.84
(387)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
2.83
(2)

up to 29
32.3
6.6
5.9
7.3
15.2
9.9
3.6
5.6
4.0
7.3
2.3
(303)
4.16
2.97
(296)

Age
30-49
29.6
7.4
11.3
7.4
12.9
11.5
4.7
6.1
1.6
5.6
0.2
1.6
(443)
4.01
2.76
(435)

50 and more
32.7
4.7
9.1
9.8
14.6
13.8
2.4
4.7
1.6
4.3
2.4
(254)
3.85
2.65
(248)

V304.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Married men/women having an affair
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

71.1
6.1
5.3
3.5
6.1
4.3
0.8
0.7
0.3
0.6
0.2
1.0
(1,000)
1.92
1.78
(988)

Male
66.1
7.2
6.5
4.0
6.5
4.8
1.0
1.0
0.3
0.8
0.2
1.5
(599)
2.07
1.90
(589)

Sex
Female
78.7
4.5
3.5
2.5
5.5
3.5
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
(399)
1.68
1.55
(397)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.50
2.12
(2)

up to 29
59.4
6.9
6.6
3.0
10.6
7.6
2.0
0.7
1.0
1.0
1.3
(303)
2.44
2.16
(299)

Age
30-49
72.5
5.4
5.4
4.3
5.2
4.3
1.1
0.5
0.5
0.9
(443)
1.84
1.68
(437)

50 and more
82.7
6.3
3.5
2.8
2.4
0.4
0.8
0.4
0.8
(254)
1.42
1.17
(252)

Page 51 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V305.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Sex under the legal age of consent
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

74.7
6.9
4.9
3.1
3.9
3.9
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.6
(1,000)
1.75
1.60
(992)

Male
72.8
6.5
5.0
3.2
4.5
5.0
0.7
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.8
(599)
1.83
1.68
(592)

Sex
Female
77.7
7.5
4.5
3.0
3.0
2.3
0.5
0.8
0.5
0.3
(399)
1.62
1.47
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.00
1.41
(2)

up to 29
65.0
6.6
5.0
4.6
5.6
8.3
1.7
1.0
0.7
0.3
1.3
(303)
2.21
2.01
(299)

Age
30-49
76.7
7.7
4.3
2.7
4.7
2.0
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.5
(443)
1.62
1.41
(440)

50 and more
82.7
5.9
5.9
2.0
0.4
2.0
0.4
0.4
0.4
(254)
1.42
1.20
(253)

V306.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Someone accepting a bribe in the co
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Always
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

86.0
5.1
3.2
1.8
1.8
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.5
(1,000)
1.34
1.09
(995)

Male
85.0
5.2
3.2
1.8
2.0
1.0
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.5
(599)
1.40
1.23
(596)

Sex
Female
87.7
5.0
3.3
1.5
1.5
0.5
0.5
(399)
1.25
0.82
(397)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
2.50
2.12
(2)

up to 29
78.9
6.6
5.0
3.3
3.3
1.3
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.3
(303)
1.56
1.35
(302)

Age
30-49
87.6
5.4
2.3
1.4
1.6
0.2
0.9
0.5
0.2
(443)
1.31
1.08
(442)

50 and more
91.7
2.8
2.8
0.8
0.4
0.4
1.2
(254)
1.14
0.60
(251)

Page 52 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V307.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Homosexuality
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

90.0
2.6
1.4
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
2.6
(1,000)
1.20
0.87
(973)

Male
88.1
3.3
1.7
1.2
0.8
1.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
2.8
(599)
1.25
0.99
(581)

Sex
Female
92.7
1.5
1.0
0.8
1.3
0.5
2.3
(399)
1.14
0.66
(390)

No answer
100.0
(2)
1.00
(2)

up to 29
87.8
3.3
2.3
1.3
1.0
2.6
1.7
(303)
1.30
1.00
(298)

Age
30-49
92.1
2.0
1.1
0.7
1.4
0.2
0.5
2.0
(443)
1.17
0.87
(434)

50 and more
89.0
2.8
0.8
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
4.7
(254)
1.15
0.69
(241)

V308.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Prostitution
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
8
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

90.9
3.5
1.7
0.7
0.9
0.8
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.9
(1,000)
1.21
0.92
(990)

Male
88.1
4.2
1.8
1.2
1.3
1.2
0.2
0.7
0.2
1.2
(599)
1.30
1.13
(591)

Sex
Female
95.0
2.5
1.5
0.3
0.3
0.5
(399)
1.08
0.43
(397)

No answer
100.0
(2)
1.00
(2)

up to 29
86.8
4.6
2.3
1.0
1.7
2.3
0.3
1.0
(303)
1.34
1.11
(300)

Age
30-49
92.6
2.9
1.4
0.5
0.9
0.2
0.7
0.9
(443)
1.18
0.92
(439)

50 and more
92.9
3.1
1.6
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.8
(254)
1.12
0.59
(251)

Page 53 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V309.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Abortion
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

14.3
2.5
4.7
5.4
30.3
25.9
3.0
3.9
2.0
3.5
0.1
4.4
(1,000)
4.89
2.21
(955)

Male
13.9
2.5
4.3
6.3
29.5
25.7
3.0
4.5
1.5
4.0
0.2
4.5
(599)
4.93
2.22
(571)

Sex
Female
14.8
2.5
5.3
4.0
31.6
26.1
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
4.3
(399)
4.84
2.19
(382)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
13.5
3.0
3.6
5.0
29.4
24.8
4.0
5.0
3.3
3.3
5.3
(303)
5.02
2.26
(287)

Age
30-49
14.2
2.5
6.1
5.9
30.2
26.0
2.5
3.6
1.6
3.6
0.2
3.6
(443)
4.83
2.19
(426)

50 and more
15.4
2.0
3.5
5.1
31.5
27.2
2.8
3.1
1.2
3.5
4.7
(254)
4.84
2.19
(242)

V310.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Divorce
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

14.7
2.5
6.9
6.7
30.7
24.0
3.1
3.1
1.0
4.0
0.1
3.2
(1,000)
4.76
2.20
(967)

Male
15.0
2.7
6.2
7.8
30.1
22.7
3.0
4.2
0.7
4.5
0.2
3.0
(599)
4.77
2.25
(580)

Sex
Female
14.0
2.3
8.0
5.0
31.8
25.8
3.3
1.5
1.5
3.3
3.5
(399)
4.74
2.12
(385)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
10.6
2.3
6.3
7.9
29.0
24.1
4.0
4.6
1.3
5.3
4.6
(303)
5.08
2.19
(289)

Age
30-49
14.7
2.9
7.4
5.4
30.2
26.0
2.5
3.2
1.1
3.6
0.2
2.7
(443)
4.74
2.19
(430)

50 and more
19.7
2.0
6.7
7.5
33.5
20.5
3.1
1.2
0.4
3.1
2.4
(254)
4.41
2.18
(248)

Page 54 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V311.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card.
Fighting with the police
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

42.4
10.9
10.6
5.0
11.7
9.9
2.0
1.8
0.8
1.5
0.2
3.2
(1,000)
2.95
2.28
(966)

Male
40.9
10.7
11.0
4.7
11.9
9.3
2.8
2.2
0.8
1.8
0.2
3.7
(599)
3.04
2.35
(576)

Sex
Female
44.6
11.3
10.0
5.5
11.3
10.8
0.8
1.3
0.8
1.0
0.3
2.5
(399)
2.80
2.16
(388)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.00
2.83
(2)

up to 29
36.0
8.9
10.9
6.6
11.2
14.9
3.0
2.3
0.3
3.0
3.0
(303)
3.40
2.46
(294)

Age
30-49
42.4
12.2
12.0
4.5
10.8
8.4
1.8
2.0
1.4
0.7
0.5
3.4
(443)
2.84
2.20
(426)

50 and more
50.0
11.0
7.9
3.9
13.8
6.7
1.2
0.8
0.4
1.2
3.1
(254)
2.59
2.10
(246)

V312.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Euthanasia ending the life of the i
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

14.8
3.3
2.6
2.6
9.0
8.0
5.0
10.7
5.8
33.7
0.2
4.3
(1,000)
6.73
3.32
(955)

Male
14.9
3.8
2.0
2.5
8.8
7.7
5.3
11.4
5.7
34.7
0.2
3.0
(599)
6.77
3.33
(580)

Sex
Female
14.5
2.5
3.5
2.8
9.3
8.5
4.5
9.8
6.0
32.1
0.3
6.3
(399)
6.67
3.32
(373)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.50
6.36
(2)

up to 29
11.9
2.3
2.6
2.3
7.9
5.6
5.3
11.2
8.9
38.3
3.6
(303)
7.23
3.18
(292)

Age
30-49
15.6
4.3
2.3
2.9
9.9
9.5
3.6
10.2
4.5
33.6
0.5
3.2
(443)
6.56
3.37
(427)

50 and more
16.9
2.8
3.1
2.4
8.7
8.3
7.1
11.0
4.3
28.3
7.1
(254)
6.40
3.36
(236)

Page 55 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V313.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Suicide
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

53.4
8.0
8.6
5.3
10.5
8.6
0.7
1.2
0.5
1.6
0.1
1.5
(1,000)
2.60
2.18
(984)

Male
51.1
8.8
8.8
5.7
12.2
8.2
0.7
1.3
0.3
1.3
0.2
1.3
(599)
2.64
2.14
(590)

Sex
Female
56.9
6.8
8.3
4.8
8.0
9.3
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.0
1.8
(399)
2.53
2.23
(392)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.50
4.95
(2)

up to 29
40.9
7.6
10.6
5.9
13.9
11.6
1.7
2.0
0.7
3.3
2.0
(303)
3.23
2.46
(297)

Age
30-49
57.1
9.3
7.2
4.7
9.0
8.1
0.5
1.4
0.7
0.5
0.2
1.4
(443)
2.39
2.02
(436)

50 and more
61.8
6.3
8.7
5.5
9.1
5.9
1.6
1.2
(254)
2.22
1.92
(251)

V314.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card.
Failing to report damage you've done accidentally to a parked vehicle
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

50.3
8.1
12.3
6.6
10.1
6.4
1.7
1.2
0.9
1.2
0.1
1.1
(1,000)
2.63
2.13
(988)

Male
48.6
8.2
12.0
6.5
11.2
6.5
2.0
1.7
1.0
1.0
0.2
1.2
(599)
2.72
2.17
(591)

Sex
Female
52.9
8.0
12.8
6.8
8.5
6.3
1.0
0.5
0.8
1.5
1.0
(399)
2.50
2.07
(395)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.00
4.24
(2)

up to 29
43.9
5.6
11.6
8.3
13.2
9.2
1.7
1.3
2.0
2.3
1.0
(303)
3.10
2.40
(300)

Age
30-49
50.6
9.9
12.2
5.9
10.8
5.2
2.3
0.9
0.2
1.1
0.2
0.7
(443)
2.54
2.04
(439)

50 and more
57.5
7.9
13.4
5.9
5.1
5.1
0.8
1.6
0.8
2.0
(254)
2.23
1.84
(249)

Page 56 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V315.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card.
Threatening workers who refuse to join a strike
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

65.8
8.3
7.0
3.8
5.7
2.2
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.7
0.1
5.2
(1,000)
1.87
1.66
(947)

Male
64.4
8.3
7.5
3.7
5.7
3.0
0.3
0.3
0.5
1.2
0.2
4.8
(599)
1.96
1.79
(569)

Sex
Female
67.9
8.0
6.3
4.0
5.8
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.3
5.8
(399)
1.73
1.44
(376)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
1.50
0.71
(2)

up to 29
56.1
9.2
6.9
7.3
8.3
3.0
1.0
1.0
0.3
1.3
5.6
(303)
2.27
1.98
(286)

Age
30-49
72.0
7.2
7.4
2.3
5.2
1.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.7
2.7
(443)
1.72
1.55
(431)

50 and more
66.5
9.1
6.3
2.4
3.5
2.4
0.4
0.4
9.1
(254)
1.64
1.33
(230)

V316.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card.
Killing in self-defence
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

9.4
2.2
3.6
2.3
6.7
8.9
5.0
12.1
11.1
36.7
0.2
1.8
(1,000)
7.34
3.00
(980)

Male
9.5
2.3
3.3
2.2
5.7
8.5
4.5
12.7
10.5
39.2
0.2
1.3
(599)
7.44
3.02
(590)

Sex
Female
9.3
2.0
4.0
2.5
8.3
9.3
5.8
11.3
12.0
32.8
0.3
2.5
(399)
7.19
2.99
(388)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
8.00
2.83
(2)

up to 29
8.6
2.0
2.6
2.0
5.3
8.3
4.3
12.5
11.6
40.9
2.0
(303)
7.63
2.93
(297)

Age
30-49
8.8
2.0
4.5
2.3
7.9
9.5
3.6
11.5
11.7
36.8
0.2
1.1
(443)
7.33
2.99
(437)

50 and more
11.4
2.8
3.1
2.8
6.3
8.7
8.3
12.6
9.4
31.5
0.4
2.8
(254)
7.02
3.09
(246)

Page 57 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V318.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Throwing away litter in a public pl
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

77.0
9.4
6.7
2.6
2.1
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
(1,000)
1.50
1.18
(996)

Male
77.1
9.0
6.8
2.8
2.2
0.8
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.3
(599)
1.50
1.16
(597)

Sex
Female
76.9
10.0
6.5
2.3
2.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
(399)
1.49
1.19
(397)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
4.00
4.24
(2)

up to 29
74.6
12.2
4.3
4.6
2.6
1.0
0.3
0.3
(303)
1.53
1.17
(302)

Age
30-49
79.0
7.7
8.8
1.1
1.8
0.5
0.9
0.2
(443)
1.47
1.16
(443)

50 and more
76.4
9.1
5.9
2.8
2.0
1.6
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.8
(254)
1.53
1.23
(251)

V319.- Please tell me for each of the following statements whether you think it can always be justified, never be justified, or
something in between, using this card. (Read out statements. Code one answer for each statement).
Driving under the influence of alco
TOTAL
Never
2
3
4
5
6
9
Always
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

85.7
6.4
4.1
2.1
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
(1,000)
1.28
0.86
(996)

Male
85.3
6.2
4.7
2.3
0.8
0.3
0.3
(599)
1.29
0.85
(597)

Sex
Female
86.5
6.8
3.3
1.8
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
(399)
1.25
0.84
(397)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
3.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
84.2
5.9
5.0
3.0
1.0
0.3
0.7
(303)
1.32
0.93
(301)

Age
30-49
86.9
5.9
3.4
2.3
0.5
0.7
0.5
(443)
1.28
0.92
(443)

50 and more
85.4
7.9
4.3
0.8
0.8
0.4
0.4
(254)
1.22
0.64
(252)

Page 58 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V320.- To which of these geographical groups would you say you belong first of all?. And the next?
And which do you belong to least of all?
First
TOTAL
Town
Region
Country
Continent
World
Dont know
(N)

41.6
15.8
37.9
2.0
2.1
0.6
(1,000)

Male
38.4
17.5
39.7
1.7
2.5
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
46.4
13.3
35.1
2.5
1.5
1.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
34.7
15.5
42.2
2.3
5.0
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
43.6
15.8
36.3
2.5
1.1
0.7
(443)

50 and more
46.5
16.1
35.4
0.8
0.4
0.8
(254)

V321.- To which of these geographical groups would you say you belong first of all?. And the next?
And which do you belong to least of all?
Second
TOTAL
Town
Region
Country
Continent
World
No answer
Dont know
(N)

27.9
43.5
18.8
6.3
1.4
0.1
2.0
(1,000)

Male
28.2
43.9
18.0
6.8
1.3
0.2
1.5
(599)

Sex
Female
27.6
43.1
19.8
5.3
1.5
2.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
32.0
39.3
18.2
6.6
3.0
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
25.5
44.7
19.4
7.0
0.9
2.5
(443)

50 and more
27.2
46.5
18.5
4.7
0.4
0.4
2.4
(254)

up to 29
34.0
38.3
21.5
4.6
0.3
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
43.6
37.7
16.3
1.1
0.2
1.1
(443)

50 and more
50.8
39.4
7.5
0.8
1.6
(254)

V322.- How proud are you to be [Nationality]?


TOTAL
Very
Quite
Not very
Notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

42.5
38.3
15.6
2.1
0.2
1.3
(1,000)

Male
42.2
38.7
15.4
2.3
0.2
1.2
(599)

Sex
Female
43.1
37.6
15.8
1.8
0.3
1.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

Page 59 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V323.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Cautious
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Bold
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

23.4
15.3
13.3
7.3
12.2
6.0
4.5
7.3
4.7
5.5
0.1
0.4
(1,000)
4.09
2.82
(995)

Male
23.2
14.7
12.0
6.7
12.4
6.3
5.8
7.7
4.8
5.8
0.2
0.3
(599)
4.22
2.87
(596)

Sex
Female
23.8
16.3
15.0
8.3
12.0
5.5
2.5
6.5
4.5
5.0
0.5
(399)
3.90
2.74
(397)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.50
3.54
(2)

up to 29
22.8
13.2
9.9
6.3
11.6
7.9
5.6
9.6
6.3
6.6
0.3
(303)
4.49
2.98
(302)

Age
30-49
22.3
13.8
14.7
7.7
13.5
6.8
4.3
7.4
4.5
5.0
(443)
4.13
2.76
(443)

50 and more
26.0
20.5
15.0
7.9
10.6
2.4
3.5
4.3
3.1
5.1
1.6
(254)
3.55
2.66
(250)

V324.- Now I'd like you to tell me your views on various issues. How would you place your views on this scale? 1 means
you agree completely with the statement on the left; 10 means you agree completely with the statement on the right; and if
your views fall some
TOTAL
Cautious
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Bold
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

32.9
13.4
13.1
7.1
11.4
6.6
3.6
4.3
3.2
3.0
1.4
(1,000)
3.47
2.59
(986)

Male
33.1
12.9
12.0
7.0
10.5
7.5
4.5
4.3
3.5
3.2
1.5
(599)
3.55
2.66
(590)

Sex
Female
32.8
14.3
14.8
7.3
12.5
5.3
2.3
4.0
2.8
2.8
1.3
(399)
3.34
2.49
(394)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
6.50
2.12
(2)

up to 29
29.0
10.6
13.5
5.9
14.9
6.3
4.6
7.3
3.0
3.6
1.3
(303)
3.85
2.70
(299)

Age
30-49
33.4
14.2
13.8
6.5
11.7
8.1
2.9
2.9
3.2
2.7
0.5
(443)
3.38
2.51
(441)

50 and more
36.6
15.4
11.4
9.4
6.7
4.3
3.5
3.1
3.5
2.8
3.1
(254)
3.18
2.56
(246)

Page 60 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V325.- Now I want to ask you some questions about your outlook on life. Each card I show you has two contrasting
statements on it. Using the scale listed, could you tell me where you would place your own view? 1 means you agree
completely with the statement on t
TOTAL
Cautious
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Bold
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

8.9
6.0
8.9
5.7
14.0
9.7
7.2
12.2
11.3
14.1
0.2
1.8
(1,000)
6.01
2.89
(980)

Male
8.2
4.7
8.7
4.7
14.0
10.0
7.7
12.7
12.0
16.0
1.3
(599)
6.25
2.86
(591)

Sex
Female
10.0
8.0
9.3
7.3
14.0
9.3
6.5
11.0
10.3
11.3
0.5
2.5
(399)
5.65
2.91
(387)

No answer
100.0
(2)
8.00
(2)

up to 29
7.3
4.0
4.0
4.6
13.2
8.6
9.2
16.5
12.5
17.5
0.3
2.3
(303)
6.65
2.76
(295)

Age
30-49
9.0
7.0
8.6
5.0
15.6
10.8
7.9
10.6
10.8
13.8
0.2
0.7
(443)
5.92
2.88
(439)

50 and more
10.6
6.7
15.4
8.3
12.2
9.1
3.5
9.8
10.6
10.6
3.1
(254)
5.41
2.94
(246)

V326.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I usually count on being successful in everything I do
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

78.7
21.3
(1,000)

Male
78.8
21.2
(599)

Sex
Female
78.7
21.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
74.9
25.1
(303)

Age
30-49
83.1
16.9
(443)

50 and more
75.6
24.4
(254)

V327.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I enjoy convincing others of my opinion
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

30.9
69.1
(1,000)

Male
28.0
72.0
(599)

Sex
Female
35.3
64.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
26.1
73.9
(303)

Age
30-49
29.8
70.2
(443)

50 and more
38.6
61.4
(254)

V328.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I often notice that I serve as a model for others
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

15.1
84.9
(1,000)

Male
14.9
85.1
(599)

Sex
Female
15.5
84.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
12.5
87.5
(303)

Age
30-49
15.6
84.4
(443)

50 and more
17.3
82.7
(254)

Page 61 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V329.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I am good at getting what I want
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

25.5
74.5
(1,000)

Male
24.0
76.0
(599)

Sex
Female
27.6
72.4
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
31.0
69.0
(303)

Age
30-49
26.9
73.1
(443)

50 and more
16.5
83.5
(254)

V330.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I own many things others envy me for
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

10.3
89.7
(1,000)

Male
8.7
91.3
(599)

Sex
Female
12.8
87.2
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
10.2
89.8
(303)

Age
30-49
11.5
88.5
(443)

50 and more
8.3
91.7
(254)

V331.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I like to assume responsibility
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

26.2
73.8
(1,000)

Male
30.2
69.8
(599)

Sex
Female
20.3
79.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
18.2
81.8
(303)

Age
30-49
27.1
72.9
(443)

50 and more
34.3
65.7
(254)

V332.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I am rarely unsure about how I should behave
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

32.1
67.9
(1,000)

Male
32.1
67.9
(599)

Sex
Female
32.3
67.7
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
29.7
70.3
(303)

Age
30-49
31.2
68.8
(443)

50 and more
36.6
63.4
(254)

V333.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
I often give others advice
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

24.8
75.2
(1,000)

Male
26.7
73.3
(599)

Sex
Female
22.1
77.9
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
19.1
80.9
(303)

Age
30-49
22.8
77.2
(443)

50 and more
35.0
65.0
(254)

V334.- A variety of characteristics are listed here. Could you take a look at them and select those which apply to you?
None of the above
TOTAL
Mention
No
(N)

3.2
96.8
(1,000)

Male
3.3
96.7
(599)

Sex
Female
3.0
97.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.0
95.0
(303)

Age
30-49
1.8
98.2
(443)

50 and more
3.5
96.5
(254)

Page 62 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V340.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you tell
me how much you trust (Read out each and code answer for each)
Your family
TOTAL
Agree+
Agree
Neither
Disagree
Disagr+
Dont know
(N)

87.3
10.4
1.3
0.6
0.1
0.3
(1,000)

Male
86.5
11.0
1.5
0.5
0.2
0.3
(599)

Sex
Female
88.7
9.3
1.0
0.8
0.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
83.2
13.2
2.3
0.3
0.3
0.7
(303)

Age
30-49
89.2
8.8
1.4
0.5
0.2
(443)

50 and more
89.0
9.8
1.2
(254)

V341.- Using the responses on this card, could you tell me how much you trust [Nationality] people in general?
TOTAL
Trust+
Trust
Neither
Not much
Notatall
Dont know
(N)

11.5
52.8
28.7
5.2
0.3
1.5
(1,000)

Male
12.2
51.6
29.7
5.0
0.2
1.3
(599)

Sex
Female
10.5
54.6
27.1
5.5
0.5
1.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
6.3
46.5
38.0
7.6
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
11.5
56.0
26.0
4.5
0.7
1.4
(443)

50 and more
17.7
54.7
22.4
3.5
1.6
(254)

V344.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you tell
me how much you trust... Read out each and code an answer for each
Americans
TOTAL
trust+
trust
neither
not much
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

0.6
6.3
40.4
21.5
7.7
0.4
23.1
(1,000)

Male
0.7
6.7
41.7
21.5
8.5
0.3
20.5
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
5.8
38.3
21.3
6.5
0.5
27.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
5.9
41.9
25.1
7.9
0.7
17.2
(303)

Age
30-49
7.7
44.2
18.5
6.1
0.2
23.3
(443)

50 and more
0.8
4.3
31.9
22.4
10.2
0.4
29.9
(254)

V346.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you tell
me how much you trust... Read out each and code an answer for each
Russians
TOTAL
trust+
trust
neither
not much
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

0.8
6.7
39.4
19.5
8.8
0.6
24.2
(1,000)

Male
1.0
7.7
39.9
19.9
9.0
0.7
21.9
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
5.3
38.3
19.0
8.5
0.5
27.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.0
7.9
40.6
22.4
7.6
1.3
18.2
(303)

Age
30-49
7.7
43.3
17.4
6.5
0.2
24.8
(443)

50 and more
0.8
3.5
31.1
19.7
14.2
0.4
30.3
(254)

Page 63 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V347_03.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you
tell me how much you trust... Read out each and code an answer for each
Japanese
TOTAL
trust+
trust
neither
not much
not at all
No answer
Dont know
(N)

1.0
8.2
37.3
19.2
10.2
0.6
23.5
(1,000)

Male
1.2
9.2
38.4
19.4
10.7
0.7
20.5
(599)

Sex
Female
0.8
6.8
35.3
19.0
9.5
0.5
28.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.3
10.9
38.3
23.1
7.6
1.3
17.5
(303)

Age
30-49
0.7
8.8
41.8
15.3
9.3
0.2
23.9
(443)

50 and more
1.2
3.9
28.3
21.3
15.0
0.4
29.9
(254)

V347_10.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you
tell me how much you trust... Read out each and code an answer for each
Chinese Zhuan Nationality
TOTAL
trust+
trust
neither
not much
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

3.9
22.4
44.4
3.8
0.8
0.6
24.1
(1,000)

Male
5.2
24.5
42.9
4.0
0.3
0.7
22.4
(599)

Sex
Female
2.0
19.3
46.4
3.5
1.5
0.5
26.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
2.3
20.5
53.1
5.9
1.0
1.3
15.8
(303)

Age
30-49
3.8
22.6
44.0
2.9
0.7
0.2
25.7
(443)

50 and more
5.9
24.4
34.6
2.8
0.8
0.4
31.1
(254)

V347_11.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you
tell me how much you trust... Read out each and code an answer for each
Chinese Hui Nationality
TOTAL
trust+
trust
neither
not much
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

4.9
25.0
43.8
5.7
1.7
0.5
18.4
(1,000)

Male
6.3
25.9
43.7
5.7
1.5
0.5
16.4
(599)

Sex
Female
2.8
23.8
43.6
5.8
2.0
0.5
21.6
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
3.0
21.8
50.5
9.2
1.7
1.0
12.9
(303)

Age
30-49
5.0
25.7
44.5
3.8
1.4
0.2
19.4
(443)

50 and more
7.1
27.6
34.6
4.7
2.4
0.4
23.2
(254)

Page 64 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V347_12.- I now want to ask you how much you trust various groups of people: Using the responses on this card, could you
tell me how much you trust... Read out each and code an answer for each
English
TOTAL
trust+
trust
neither
not much
notatall
No answer
Dont know
(N)

0.7
4.2
30.6
27.8
14.9
0.4
21.4
(1,000)

Male
1.0
4.2
31.4
27.9
15.5
0.3
19.7
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
4.3
29.3
27.6
14.0
0.5
24.1
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
1.0
4.0
33.3
31.4
13.5
0.7
16.2
(303)

Sex
Female
99.7
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
99.7
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
5.2
33.0
26.0
12.4
0.2
23.3
(443)

50 and more
1.6
2.8
23.2
26.8
20.9
0.4
24.4
(254)

Age
30-49
99.8
0.2
(443)

50 and more
100.0
(254)

V348.- Where you born in [COUNTRY]?


TOTAL
yes
other
Dont know
(N)

99.8
0.1
0.1
(1,000)

Male
99.8
0.2
(599)

V349.- In what year did you come to [COUNTRY]?


TOTAL
<2 yrs
>15 yrs
Not applicable (Born in this country)
No answer
(N)

0.1
0.1
99.7
0.1
(1,000)

Male
99.8
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
0.3
99.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
99.7
(303)

Age
30-49
0.2
99.5
0.2
(443)

50 and more
100.0
(254)

V350.- To which of these geographical groups would you say you belong first of all?. And the next?
And which do you belong to least of all?
Least of all
TOTAL
Han nationality
Hui nationality
Uygur nationality
Miao nationality
Chinese first and then a minority member
(N)

92.8
1.0
0.8
0.3
5.1
(1,000)

Male
91.7
0.8
1.2
0.3
6.0
(599)

Sex
Female
94.5
1.3
0.3
0.3
3.8
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
92.4
0.3
0.7
0.7
5.9
(303)

up to 29
59.4
40.3
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
59.1
40.6
0.2
(443)

Age
30-49
91.9
1.6
0.9
0.2
5.4
(443)

50 and more
94.9
0.8
0.8
3.5
(254)

V353.- Sex
TOTAL
Male
Female
No answer
(N)

59.9
39.9
0.2
(1,000)

Male
100.0
(599)

Sex
Female
100.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

50 and more
61.8
38.2
(254)

Page 65 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V354.- Year of birth


TOTAL
1900-1909
1910-1919
1920-1929
1930-1939
1940-1949
1950-1959
1960-1969
1970-1979
(N)

0.3
1.1
6.6
14.5
22.2
21.9
25.4
8.0
(1,000)

Male
0.2
1.7
6.0
15.5
21.9
22.0
25.7
7.0
(599)

Sex
Female
0.5
0.3
7.5
13.0
22.8
21.6
24.8
9.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
73.6
26.4
(303)

Age
30-49
0.2
0.2
43.1
49.4
7.0
(443)

50 and more
1.2
3.9
26.0
56.7
12.2
(254)

V355.- This means you are __ __ years old. [ALSO A TWO DIGIT VARIABLE]
TOTAL
up to 29
30-49
50 and more
(N)

30.3
44.3
25.4
(1,000)

Male
30.1
43.7
26.2
(599)

Sex
Female
30.6
45.1
24.3
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
100.0
(303)

Age
30-49
100.0
(443)

50 and more
100.0
(254)

V356.- At what age did you (or will you) complete your full time education, either at school or at an institution of higher
education? Please exclude apprenticeships: [IF STUDENT, CODE AGE AT WHICH HE/SHE EXPECTS TO COMPLETE
EDUCATION] WRITE IN AGE IN YEARS ____
TOTAL
<12yrs
13yrs
14yrs
15yrs
16yrs
17yrs
18yrs
19yrs
20 yrs
21+yrs
No answer
Dont know
(N)

3.2
2.9
4.2
6.5
7.2
10.3
13.9
10.3
7.6
24.0
0.1
9.8
(1,000)

Male
2.7
2.8
3.8
6.7
6.8
10.4
14.0
10.5
8.3
24.0
0.2
9.7
(599)

Sex
Female
4.0
3.0
4.5
6.3
7.8
10.3
13.8
10.0
6.5
23.8
10.0
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
3.0
2.3
6.3
5.0
5.6
9.2
20.1
12.2
8.6
25.1
0.3
2.3
(303)

Age
30-49
2.3
4.3
3.2
7.9
9.7
12.0
12.9
12.0
7.0
23.5
5.4
(443)

50 and more
5.1
1.2
3.5
5.9
4.7
8.7
8.3
5.1
7.5
23.6
26.4
(254)

V358.- Are you employed now or not? IF YES: About how many hours a week? If more than one job: only for the main job
TOTAL
>30hr/wk
<30hr/wk
Self-emp
Retired
Hwife
Student
Unemp
Other
No answer
(N)

61.9
2.4
21.1
5.0
0.8
5.9
1.7
0.9
0.3
(1,000)

Male
65.6
1.5
22.2
3.5
0.2
4.5
1.5
0.5
0.5
(599)

Sex
Female
56.1
3.8
19.5
7.3
1.8
8.0
2.0
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
53.1
3.3
15.8
18.8
5.6
2.3
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
74.5
1.4
23.5
0.5
0.2
(443)

50 and more
50.4
3.1
23.2
19.7
2.4
0.4
0.8
(254)

Page 66 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V359.- In which profession/occupation do you or did you work? If more than one job, the main job? What is/was your job
there?
TOTAL
>10emp
<10emp
Prof
Middle
Junior
Superv
Skilled
Semi-sk
Unskill
Arm forc
No answer
(N)

9.0
6.4
9.8
8.5
10.8
20.2
22.8
2.0
9.7
0.1
0.7
(1,000)

Sex
Female
9.5
6.3
9.5
8.8
11.0
19.5
22.1
12.5
0.3
0.5
(399)

Male
8.7
6.5
10.0
8.2
10.7
20.7
23.2
3.3
7.8
0.8
(599)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
6.6
7.3
0.7
8.6
13.5
9.9
16.8
3.3
31.7
1.7
(303)

Age
30-49
9.5
4.1
12.4
10.4
12.6
24.8
23.5
2.3
0.5
(443)

50 and more
11.0
9.4
16.1
5.1
4.3
24.4
28.7
0.4
0.4
(254)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
33.3
66.7
(303)

Age
30-49
68.2
31.8
(443)

50 and more
67.7
32.3
(254)

up to 29
90.1
8.4
1.5
(202)

Age
30-49
95.0
5.0
(141)

50 and more
81.7
17.1
1.2
(82)

V360.- Are you the chief wage earner in your household?


TOTAL
Yes
No
(N)

57.5
42.5
(1,000)

Sex
Female
30.6
69.4
(399)

Male
75.3
24.7
(599)

V361.- Is the chief wage earner employed now or not?


TOTAL
Yes
No
Dont know
(N)

90.1
8.9
0.9
(425)

Sex
Male
89.9
9.5
0.7
(148)

Female
90.3
8.7
1.1
(277)

V362.- In which profession/occupation does he/she work? (or did work) If more than one job, the main job? What is/was
his/her job there?
TOTAL
>10emp
<10emp
Prof
Middle
Junior
Superv
Skilled
Semi-sk
Unskill
Farmer
Not applicable (R is the chief wage earner)
Dont know
(N)

5.8
4.2
7.2
4.2
2.2
7.4
10.0
0.7
0.6
0.1
57.5
0.1
(1,000)

Male
3.7
2.3
2.5
2.5
1.8
5.0
6.2
0.3
0.3
75.3
(599)

Sex
Female
9.0
7.0
14.3
6.8
2.8
11.0
15.8
1.3
1.0
0.3
30.6
0.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
9.6
7.9
8.9
6.3
4.0
11.2
16.5
1.0
1.0
0.3
33.3
(303)

Age
30-49
5.2
2.9
7.2
2.9
1.6
4.3
6.3
0.9
0.5
68.2
(443)

50 and more
2.4
2.0
5.1
3.9
1.2
8.3
8.7
0.4
67.7
0.4
(254)

Page 67 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V363.- Scale of incomes


TOTAL
Lowest
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Highest
Missing; Unknown; Inappropiate
No answer
Dont know
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

Male
10.5
28.9
28.5
14.2
5.5
5.8
2.3
0.8
0.7
0.8
1.7
0.2
(599)
3.16
1.69
(588)

9.4
28.9
29.7
12.9
6.8
5.1
2.6
1.1
0.7
0.9
0.1
1.7
0.1
(1,000)
3.21
1.71
(981)

Sex
Female
7.8
28.8
31.6
11.0
8.8
4.0
3.0
1.3
0.8
1.0
0.3
1.8
(399)
3.27
1.72
(391)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
5.00
4.24
(2)

Age
30-49
8.8
32.5
32.3
9.5
6.3
5.2
2.9
0.5
0.5
1.1
0.5
(443)
3.12
1.67
(441)

up to 29
8.9
30.7
27.4
11.2
6.9
4.6
2.6
1.7
1.3
1.0
3.3
0.3
(303)
3.25
1.83
(292)

50 and more
11.0
20.5
28.0
20.9
7.5
5.5
2.0
1.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
2.0
(254)
3.31
1.63
(248)

V364.- Socio-ecomonic status of respondent


TOTAL
Upper
Middle
Skilled
Unskill
(N)

Sex
Female
1.8
21.8
46.6
29.8
(399)

Male
3.0
22.2
46.7
28.0
(599)

2.5
22.1
46.6
28.8
(1,000)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

Age
30-49
2.3
21.7
46.0
30.0
(443)

up to 29
2.3
21.5
47.2
29.0
(303)

50 and more
3.1
23.6
46.9
26.4
(254)

V365.- Time at the end of the interview


TOTAL
0:00-24:00
Missing; Unknown; Inappropiate
(N)

Male
99.5
0.5
(599)

99.3
0.7
(1,000)

Sex
Female
99.0
1.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
98.7
1.3
(303)

Age
30-49
99.8
0.2
(443)

50 and more
99.2
0.8
(254)

Sex
Female
98.0
2.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
99.0
1.0
(303)

Age
30-49
98.0
2.0
(443)

50 and more
96.9
3.1
(254)

V366.- Total length of interview Hours Minute


TOTAL
0-6 hours
Missing; Unknown; Inappropiate
(N)

Male
98.0
2.0
(599)

98.0
2.0
(1,000)

V367.- During the interview the respondent was ....


TOTAL
Very
Some
Not very
No answer
Dont know
(N)

46.8
44.8
8.0
0.3
0.1
(1,000)

Male
49.7
42.4
7.5
0.2
0.2
(599)

Sex
Female
42.4
48.4
8.8
0.5
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
53.8
37.6
8.3
0.3
(303)

Age
30-49
45.6
47.6
6.3
0.2
0.2
(443)

50 and more
40.6
48.4
10.6
0.4
(254)

Page 68 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

V368.- Size of town:


TOTAL
<2000
2-5000
20-50000
50-100000
100-500000
>500000
Dont know
(N)

0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
14.8
54.4
29.9
(1,000)

Male
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
14.2
55.1
29.9
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
0.5
0.3
15.8
53.1
30.1
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
0.3
0.7
14.5
53.8
30.4
(303)

Male
91.8
0.8
1.2
0.3
2.7
3.2
(599)

Sex
Female
94.5
0.3
1.3
0.3
0.3
2.3
1.3
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
92.4
0.3
0.7
0.7
2.6
3.3
(303)

Age
30-49
0.7
0.2
14.0
53.5
31.6
(443)

50 and more
0.4
16.5
56.7
26.4
(254)

Age
30-49
92.1
1.6
0.9
0.2
3.2
2.0
(443)

50 and more
94.9
0.4
0.8
0.8
1.2
2.0
(254)

V369.- Ethnic group


TOTAL
CN: Han nationality
CN: Zhuang nationality
CN: Hui nationality
CN: Uygur nationality
CN: Miao nationality
CN: Manchu nationality
CN: Other
(N)

92.9
0.1
1.0
0.8
0.3
2.5
2.4
(1,000)

V370.- Region where the interview was conducted:


TOTAL
Unknown
CN: Beijing
CN: Liaoning Province
CN: Jilin
CN: Shanghai
CN: Jiangsu Province
CN: Fujian Province
CN: Jiangxi Province
CN: Hubei Province
CN: Guizhou Province
CN: Shaannxi Province
CN: Xinjiang
(N)

0.2
10.1
10.0
9.9
10.0
10.0
9.9
6.9
10.0
7.0
9.9
6.1
(1,000)

Male
0.2
10.2
9.8
9.8
9.8
10.0
9.8
6.8
10.0
7.0
10.0
6.3
(599)

Sex
Female
0.3
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
7.0
10.0
7.0
9.8
5.8
(399)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)

up to 29
0.3
9.9
10.2
9.9
9.9
9.9
10.6
7.3
9.6
6.9
9.9
5.6
(303)

Male
100.0
(599)

Sex
Female
100.0
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
100.0
(303)

Age
30-49
9.0
9.3
10.6
10.8
10.6
9.7
6.5
9.9
6.5
10.4
6.5
(443)

50 and more
0.4
12.2
11.0
8.7
8.7
9.1
9.4
7.1
10.6
7.9
9.1
5.9
(254)

Age
30-49
100.0
(443)

50 and more
100.0
(254)

V377.- Year survey


TOTAL
1990
(N)

100.0
(1,000)

Page 69 of 88

World Values Survey (1990-1994) - China 1990

v.2014.04.18

Y002.- POST-MATERIALIST INDEX (4-ITEM)


TOTAL
Materialist
Mixed
Postmaterialist
Missing; Unknown
(N)

7.3
78.1
12.7
1.9
(1,000)

Male
7.3
78.8
11.7
2.2
(599)

Sex
Female
7.3
76.9
14.3
1.5
(399)

No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
5.6
81.8
10.6
2.0
(303)

Age
30-49
10.2
77.0
11.5
1.4
(443)

50 and more
4.3
75.6
17.3
2.8
(254)

Y003.- AUTONOMY INDEX


Sex
TOTAL
Obedience/Religious Faith
-1
0
1
Determination, perseverance/Independence
(N)

0.1
2.8
12.7
46.5
37.9
(1,000)

Male
0.2
2.8
13.0
45.7
38.2
(599)

Female
2.8
12.3
47.4
37.6
(399)

Age
No answer
100.0
(2)

up to 29
1.0
8.3
36.3
54.5
(303)

30-49
1.8
12.2
49.7
36.3
(443)

50 and
more
0.4
6.7
18.9
53.1
20.9
(254)

SACSECVAL.- OVERALL SECULAR VALUES


TOTAL
0-0.1
0.1-0.2
0.2-0.3
0.3-0.4
0.4-0.5
0.5-0.6
0.6-0.7
0.7-0.8
0.8-0.9
Missing
(N)
Mean
Standard Deviation
Base mean

0.3
2.1
12.4
33.7
28.0
15.1
5.7
1.9
0.3
0.5
(1,000)
0.42
0.12
(995)

Male
0.5
1.7
12.9
30.9
29.0
16.0
6.2
1.8
0.3
0.7
(599)
0.42
0.12
(595)

Sex
Female
2.8
11.8
37.8
26.6
13.8
4.8
2.0
0.3
0.3
(399)
0.41
0.12
(398)

No answer
50.0
50.0
(2)
0.52
0.22
(2)

up to 29
0.3
1.7
9.2
28.7
25.7
20.5
9.9
3.0
1.0
(303)
0.45
0.13
(303)

Age
30-49
0.2
1.8
12.6
32.1
33.2
13.3
4.7
1.6
0.5
(443)
0.41
0.11
(441)

50 and more
0.4
3.1
15.7
42.5
21.7
11.8
2.4
1.2
1.2
(254)
0.38
0.11
(251)

Page 70 of 88

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