Failure investigation of a tie rod end of an

automobile steering system

A.H. Falah, ,
M.A. Alfares,
A.H. Elkholy

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doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.11.045
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Abstract
A failure analysis of a tie rod end of a sports utility vehicle (SUV) steering mechanism has been
carried out in this study. The tie rod end is composed of two parts fitted together: a threaded part
and an embracing part. Failure took place in the threaded part which is made of AISI 8620 steel.
The vehicle had been in service for approximately two years and accumulated less than 30,000 km.
An evaluation of the failed part was undertaken to determine the cause of failure and assess its
integrity. Visual examination, photo documentation, chemical analysis, hardness measurement, and
metallographic examination were all conducted. The failure surface was examined with the help of
a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with EDAX facility that determines chemical
composition at desired locations within the part. Results indicated that the tie rod end had failed by
fatigue with a crack initiation at the throat (minimum) area of the threaded part due to material
deficiency and improper heat treatment.

Key

IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PASSENGER CAR

TIE ROD
USING NUMERICAL AND THEORETICAL
APPROACH WITH
DIFFERENT
MATERIALS
Pradeep Mahadevappa Chavan
1

,
M M M Patnaik
2
1

MTech
Student
, Dept. of
Mechanical Engineering, KSIT Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2

Associate
Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, KSIT Bangalore,
Karnataka, India

Abstract

Tie rods or Track rods are an integral part of vehicles steering system. Just as
its name suggests a
Tie rod ties vehicles steering
rack to the steering arm.
Tie rod may get fail due to varying forces and bumping of vehicle during
steering. The forces from the
steering are also considered during the static condition of car. Vibration and
buckling of Tie
rod has been continuously a concern
which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are
undesirable and excessive.
So research work is
aimed to assess buckling strength and compare buckling performance of Tie
rod
for
different
materials. Finite element models of
the Tie rod also analyzed to obtain stiffness and stress distributions in each
component. Based on the experimental test resu
lts,
theoretical calculation results and finite element analysis with NASTRAN
results, stiffne
ss values are validated.
The mode shape

and natural frequency results for different materials obtained in the normal
modal analysis are compared.
In buckling analysis,
the load factor obtained for different materials were compared and critical
buckling loa
d is calculated and is validated by
theoretical calculation

International Journal of Advanced Technol

ogy in Engineering a
nd Science
www.ijates.com
Volume No.02, Issue No. 06, June 2014
ISSN (online): 2348

7550
299
|
Page

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TIE

ROD FOR
SPACECRAFTS
Kiran S Sankanagoudar
1

,
Dr.H
.
K
.
Amarnath
2

,
Prashant D.
Bagalkot
3

,
Mukund Thakur
4
1

M.Tech Student, Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum

,
(
India
)
2

Professor, Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum,

(
India
)
3

Scientist/Engineer
SE, ISRO
S
atellite
C
entre, Bangalore
,
(
India
)
4

Scientist/Engineer
SC, ISRO
S
atellite
C
entre, Bangalore
,
(
India
)
ABSTRACT

This paper describes the design and mechanism for the deployment of
Equipment panel of a spacecraft. For this
a
tie rod is designed and analysis is done in UG NX 7.5, the design analysis
section provides data on linear
Buckling analysis. Both the ends of the Tie rod are hinged so that the
Equipment panels assembled to Tie

rod
can be tilted from Horizontal condition
to vertical condition. And safety of factor taken is 3.0.

Keywords
Design

,
Mechanisms
,
Linear Buckling Analysis
,
Tie
Rod,
UG
I.
INTRODUCTION

Spacecraft consists of main structure and Equipment panels which are

connected through shear webs to main
struct
ure to form a cuboid structure.
Assembly, Integration and Testing (AIT) of spacecraft require number of
Mechanical Ground Support Equipment (MGSE)
.
A Tie
Rod is designed for tilting the Equipment Panel.
1.1.

Tie
Rod
Tie
rod is selected as driving member f
or tilting the panel (along with panel mounting frame) from horizontal to
vertical position and vice versa. In principal, tie
rod will have central coupler with screw rods on sides, one with
left hand thread and another with right hand thread. The coupler
has matching threads to accommodate these
threaded tie rods. On rotating the coupler is turned, both the rods will extend or
retract based on the direction of
rotation of coupler. The ends of the rods are either eye or fork end type
.
Fig 2: Tie
Rod
Fig 1.1 Forces acting on the Tie
Rod

Criticality Analysis of the Elements of the Light

Commercial
Vehicle Steering Tie-Rod Joint
ati, D. Jeremi, B. Djordjevi, Z. Miloradovi, N.
Dobrivoje ati
*

Branislav Jeremi Zorica Djordjevi Nenad Miloradovi

University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Serbia
The introduction of the paper gives the basic concepts of Failure Modes,
Effects and Criticality
Analysis - FMECA. Features of elements of mechanical systems regarding
failure intensity demand a
special approach of quantitative FMECA. The paper presents this approach,
applied to the elements of
mechanical systems and used for the design of a software package. Criticality
analysis of failure modes of
light commercial vehicles steering tie-rod joint elements was conducted
based on the exploitation results
and with the use of the previously mentioned method and program. In
conclusion, the possibilities of
application of the obtained results are presented

FEA of Tie Rod of Steering System

of Car
Manik A. Patil
1

, Prof. D.S.Chavan
2

, Prof.M.V.Kavade
3

Umesh S Ghorpade

BSTRACT
The FEA analysis of Tie rod is carried out to check its natural frequency, maximum
stress analysis a
nd deformation. The most
percentage weight of vehicle is taken by suspension system; however tie rod may

get fail due to fluc

tuating forces during
steering and bumping of vehicle .The forces from the steering is also considered
during the static c
ondition of car.
Vibration
and fatigue of
Tie rod
has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the
resulting vibration and
stress
es are
severe
and excessive. It is a significant study which requires in
depth investigation to understand the structural characteristics
and it
dynamic behavior. This paper presents and focuses on some Finite Element (FE)
analysis of a typical
tie rod
of
a car will be
carried out and natural frequency will be determined
.
Keywords:
FEA;

Study of Buckling Behavior of Beam and Column

1
Rekha M. Bhoi,
2
Prof. L. G. Kalurkar
1
Department of Civil, PG Student, J.N.E.C. Engg College, Aurangabad, 431003, India
2
Department of Civil, Faculty of Technical education, J.N.E.C. Engg College, Aurangabad, 431003, India
Abstract
:
The objective of this work is to study the buckling behavior of beam and column and effect of buckling behavior of
beam and column. These structural members are subjected to heavy loads and can experience failure due to buckling.
The method includes the effects of flange and web interaction, residual stresses, and elastic and inelastic behavior.

EXACT CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN

EIGENVALUES
OF MEMBRANES AND FUNCTIONALLY GRADED
SIMPLY
SUPPORTED POLYGONAL PLATES
Z.-Q.

We use Reddy
'

s third order plate theory to study buckling and steady state

vibrations of a simply supported functionally gradient isotropic polygonal
plate
resting on a Winkler
}
Pasternak elastic foundation and subjected to uniform
in-plane hydrostatic loads. Young
'
s modulus and the Poisson ratio for the material
of the plate are assumed to vary only in the thickness direction. E
!
ects of rotary
inertia are considered. The problem of determining the critical buckling load
or the
vibration frequency of the plate is found to be analogous to that of
ascertaining the
frequency of a membrane clamped at the edges and whose shape coincides
with
that of the plate. The critical buckling load and the vibration frequency are
shown
to be positive. Some available results for plates symmetric about the midplane can
be retrieved from the present analysis