Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
SK (FELDA) REDONG,
SEGAMAT
UNIT
CONTENTS
PAGE
Contents
Unit 1
Articles
Unit 2
Nouns
Unit 3
Proper Nouns
10
Unit 4
11
Unit 5
Collective Nouns
12
Unit 6
Pronouns
15
Unit 7
Reflexive Pronouns
20
Unit 8
Demonstrative Pronouns
22
10
Unit 9
Verbs
23
11
Unit 10
25
12
Unit 11
29
13
Unit 12
Verb To Be
33
14
Unit 13
36
15
Unit 14
39
16
Unit 15
48
17
Unit 16
51
18
Unit 17
53
19
Unit 18
Present Progressive
55
20
Unit 19
Prepositions
57
21
Unit 20
Adverbs
63
22
Unit 21
Adjectives
67
23
Unit 22
Questions Tag
74
24
Unit 23
Wh-Questions
77
25
Unit 24
Conjunctions
80
26
Unit 25
Punctuation
86
27
BONUS
95
UNIT 1 :
ARTICLES
These are the words a, an and the which usually comes before the nouns or
adjectives.
2. Indefinite article a / an
This is non-specific or indefinite. A / an shows that we are talking about one person or
thing. We often use a / an:
1
in descriptions
Shes an interesting person.
Hes got a loud voice.
1
when we say what something is, or what somebodys job is.
This is a return ticket.
Im an engineer.
1- If the first letter of the word is a vowel, but sounds like a consonant, then use a: a used
car, a useful gadget.
2- If the first letter of the word is a consonant, but sounds like a vowel, then use an: an
hour, an honest man, an MG sports car.
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with a or an
1. __________egg
3.________ dog
2. _________ house
4.________ university
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with (-), the or a
1. I speak _____ French.
3.
4.
5.
6.
10
11
12
13.
14
15
16
17
18
19
___________ Indian girl in the blue dress was crying just now.
20
NOTES
We often use a / an to talk about a person or thing for the first time; and the when
we talk about the person or thing again.
A man walked up to a policeman. The man took out a map and asked
the policeman ...
Remember: We dont use a / an with plurals. We can use the with plurals.
e.g. She bought the shoes last week.
EXERCISE 4
Fill in the blanks with a , an or the.
A Bag in a Bag
This is a true story. Last year I went into 1_________ big sports shop because I wanted
2_________ sports bag. 3___________ assistant came up to me, and I told him what I
wanted. 4___________ assistant brought me three different bags. I chose 5__________
smallest one and paid for it. 6___________ assistant put 7__________ bag in 8_________
large plastic bag. I told him one bag was enough, and asked him to take 9________ bag out
of 10________ other bag. He did so, but he looked very unhappy as I walked out of
11__________ shop.
EXERCISE 5
Fill in the blanks with a or an.
1.
2.
He is _______ engineer.
3.
He is _______ doctor.
4.
5.
6.
7.
He is ________ inspector.
8.
She is _______usheress.
9.
He is ________ dentist
EXERCISE 6
Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.
UNIT 2 :
NOUNS
Nouns are called naming words. They are the names of people, animals, places
and things.
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks.
Daughter
wife
bride
queen
teacher
Headmistress
nurse
lecturer
secretary
grandmother
6. The king and ____________visited the old folks home last week.
7. The manager and his ________________ attended the meeting last Monday.
8. The bridegroom and his beautiful ______________ are dressed in blue.
9. Madame Ganes is an excellent __________. She teaches us English in our school.
10.Pn Laily is a very humble and helpful ___________.All her college students like her.
EXERCISE 2
Underline the nouns in these sentences.
EXERCISE 3
Underline the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
EXERCISE 4
Write the masculine form for the words given.
FEMININE
Eg. girl
mother
MASCULINE
-
boy
father
1.
wife
- _____________
2.
bride
3.
daughter
- _____________
4.
heiress
- _____________
5.
niece
_____________
6.
bridesmaid
_____________
7.
princess
_____________
8.
headmistress
_____________
9.
policewoman
_____________
10. woman
_____________
11. sister-in-law
- _____________
12. heroine
13. lady
- _____________
14. widow
15. waitress
- _____________
16. steward
17. salesgirl
- _____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
tasha
UNIT 3
: PROPER NOUNS
Special names given to a person, animal, place or things are called Proper Nouns.
No
Category
Proper Noun
1.
People
2.
Places
3.
Buildings
4.
Objects
5.
Animals
EXERCISE 1
Rewrite the sentences using the correct punctuation.
10 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted such as books, pencils, cars and
tvs.
Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted such as sugar, air, water
and hair.
EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct answer.
11 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 2
There is only ONE mistake in each sentence. Underline it and rewrite each sentence
correctly.
Example :
There are too much pupils in this class.
There are too many pupils in this class.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
12 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 5
: COLLECTIVE NOUN
a company of actors
a host of angels
a gang of labourers
a bench of magistrates
a tribe of natives
a posse of policemen
a crew of sailors
a choir of singers
10
a team of players
11
a staff of teachers
12
a circle of friends
13
a band of magicians
14
a haggle of vendors
15
a monastery of monks
16
a convent of nuns
17
a shush of librarians
18
an army of soldiers
19
an audience of spectators
20
an embassy of diplomats
13 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with correct collective nouns.
1. a ___staff __ of teachers.
2. a __________ of sheep.
3. a __________ of students.
4. a __________ of people.
5. a __________ of executives.
6. a __________ of members.
7. a __________ of jurors.
8. a __________ of ships.
9. a __________ of flowers
10. an __________ of spectators.
EXERCISE 2
For each of the following, underline the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
What is that ( set , pair , pack ) of tools doing under the car.
4.
5.
A ( troupe, group, party) of dancers came to our school concert last year.
6.
The small girl sang a song in front of a ( tribe, staff , crew ) of teachers.
7.
8.
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9.
10.
11.
12.
She ordered a ( suit , suite , row ) of furniture for her new house.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
The ( team , crew , pride ) of hockey players from my school is very good.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
15 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 6 :
PRONOUNS
We also use pronouns to avoid repeating the same nouns in every sentence.
the speaker
I, we, me, us
Second person
you
Third person
Here are some examples of how personal pronouns can be used to replace nouns.
First person
Mariam and I went to the cinema.
We went to the cinema.
Second person
John, will you be playing football this afternoon? asked Ravi.
Third person
Ramesh admires Mr. Lee greatly.
He also respects him as a very good teacher.
16 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Fill in each blank with a suitable personal pronoun from the box below.
them
she
they
he
her
us
you
we
they
him
1. Robert went out to play after ______he____ had taken his lunch.
2. Nomads are wanderers and ______________ do not have any fixed homes.
3. Have you seen Susan? I have not seen _____________ since last week.
4. The gardener told _____________ not to play near the road but we did not listen.
5. The old man wanted to cross the road, so I helped ___________
6. My friend and I joined the army. ____________ wanted to be soldiers.
7. Although whales are mammals, _______________ live in the sea.
8. My sister dreamt that ________________ was flying like a bird.
9. I came to your house because I wanted to talk to _____________ urgently.
10. My friends made me join _____________ for a drink.
17 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with suitable pronouns.
you
they
These
ourselves
He
Whose
We
It
their
her
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The boys are happy because __________ father bought for them some presents.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Mrs Tan is not at home. She has gone to __________ mothers house.
13.
14.
Badrul and I went to Ipoh last night. ____________ went there by bus.
15.
18 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Underline the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Muthu is not at home. He had gone to _______ fathers house. ( her, his )
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
19 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 7 :
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
We use a reflexive pronoun after a verb when the subject and the object are the
same person.
An emphatic pronoun can mean without help. It usually comes at the end
of the sentence.
Subject
Verb
Reflexive Pronoun
see
myself.
You
see
yourself.
He
sees
himself.
She
sees
herself.
It
sees
itself.
We
see
ourselves.
You
see
yourselves.
They
see
themselves.
20 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive pronoun.
21 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 8 :
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
Pronouns can be used to point out persons, things, or ideas. A pronoun that points
out something is called a demonstrative pronoun.
SINGULAR
PLURAL
The forms this is and these are used to point to things nearby. That is and those are used
to point to things farther away.
EXERCISE 1
Complete the table below.
Singular
Near
Far
Plural
1.This is my fiance.
there.
in the hutch.
8_____________are my books
on the rack.
1.That is my fiance.
there.
in the hutch.
8_____________are my books
on the rack.
22 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 9 :
VERBS
A verb expresses :
I ) an action
2 ) an event
3 ) a state
* drink
* organise
* moves
walk
celebrate
shines
has
He
does
She
delivers
It
plays
Raju
waters
have
You
do
They
deliver
We
walk
The boys
play
water
23 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
24 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t
asha
UNIT 10 :
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
A sentence consists of a subject and a verb. The subject may be a noun or a pronoun.
The verb must agree with its subject. When the subject is singular, the verb must be singular
too. ( the singular verb normally ends with an s )
Singular Subject
Singular Verb
The bird
has
no Malay name.
The bird
lives
on insects.
Johan
loves
chocolates.
The student
answers
the questions.
It
eats
the fish.
She
completes
the experiment.
He
concludes
the essays.
When the subject is plural, the verb must be plural as well. (The plural verb normally
does not end with ans).
Plural Subject
Plural Verb
The birds
have
no Malay names.
The birds
live
on insects.
love
chocolates.
The students
answer
the questions.
They
eat
the fish.
We
complete
the experiment.
You
conclude
the essays.
25 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct word in the brackets.
10
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs in brackets.
10
26 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Circle the best answers.
1.
2.
D. is going
B. do
C. did D. is
3.
4.
D. liked
B. was
C.were D. are
5.
6.
7.
D. is
B. brushed
C. brushes
D. am brushing
27 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
A. Does
C. Is
B. Do
9.
10.
D. Did
B. go
C. is going
D. going
B. wants
C. wanted
D. wanting
watch
B. watches
C.
watched
D. watching
EXERCISE 4
Underline the correct verb so that it agrees with the subject in each of
the sentences below.
10. The competition (is, are) one of the many events organized by
the Hobby Club.
28 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
UNIT 11
Verbs that do not express action are either verbs or auxiliary verbs
4
5
It is always
1before a verb
She has done her work.
It regulates the tense of its sentence.
Modals
1.
Can
Functions/Usage
Examples
Could
2.
To make a request
To express possibility
To express possibility
May/might
To give or ask permission
Modals or auxiliary verbs are used with another verb to express possibility,
permission, obligation, determination, refusal, etc. Can, could, will, would, must,
29 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Modals
Functions/Usage
Examples
Will, Would
Could, can
Have to,
Must
need
To express necessity
Should,
Ought to
To express advice
EXERCISE 1
Read these sentences
9
10
30 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct verbs given in the box.
1 This man ___________working as a lawyer in the same firm where my father works.
2 My father ___________a bad cold last week.
3 Carter and Jack _________________meeting n Kuala Lumpur next week.
4 Dashima ________________all the cooking at home.
5 My father and mother _______________ gone out for a wedding dinner.
6 They always _________________their homework together.
7 I _____________always on time because punctuality is a good habit.
8 That boy ___________________caught cheating during the test last Monday.
9 They ______________having a picnic by the seaside today.
10 Azlina ____________the ironing and cleaning yesterday morning.
11 My father ____________ just taken my brother to the dentist. They will be back in
an hour.
31 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Fill in the blanks with can, cannot, may or may not to make meaningful sentences.
EXERCISE 4
Rewrite the following sentences using may.
32 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 12 :
VERB-TO-BE
The base form is be; the progressive form is being; and the participle form is
been.
Functions :
15 The verb to be has two main functions: as the main verb and as the helping
verb.
I am a teacher.
2.
3.
He is good at English.
4.
1.
He is learning English.
2.
3.
4.
33 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
VERB-TO-BE
Subject
Present Tense
Past Tense
is
Was
am
Was
are
Were
Singular
He
She
It
Salleh
I
Plural
You
We
They
The girls
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with am, is and are.
34 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with was or were.
3. Neither he nor I __________ wrong in this matter. So, do not blame either of us.
4. Not only his friends but also his enemies __________ praising him for his honesty at
a ceremony two years ago.
5. There __________ very little variety in the food they served in the canteen.
6. The crew and passengers ____________ treated to dinner when they landed on the
island.
7. His family ___________ always eating durians when they visited their grandparents in
the village.
8. The class ___________ quietly doing their work when the teacher went to the office.
9. The Beautiful Garden ____________ written by a Malaysian author three years ago.
10. The people ___________ busy selling keropok.
35 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 13 :
The Simple Present Tense is also used for actions which are done habitually or
which happens regularly.
Adverbs like every morning, once a month, usually, always, never , often
can be used with the Simple Present Tense.
REMEMBER:
Singular nouns take the singular form of the verb in the simple present tense.
Plural nouns take the plural form of the verb in the simple present tense.
We use the Simple Present when we talk about something which happens
repeatedly.
36 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
plays
sings
writes
runs
PLURAL
They
We
I
You
play
sing
write
run
EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct forms of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.
9. Sheila and her cousins often [ participate / participates] in essay writing competitions.
10. My friend [ speak / speaks ] Chinese fluently but he [ do not know / does not
know how to write it.
EXERCISE 2
Complete these sentences by underlining the correct verb form.
Sarah ( 1) ( is / are ) a policewoman. Her day (2) ( begin / begins ) early. She
(3) (leave / leaves ) for work at 6 a.m. each day. She ( arrives / arrive ) at the police station at
7.45 a.m. At 8 a.m. she and the other officers (5) (attend / attends) a meeting. Their police
chief Captain Costa (6) ( talk / talks) to them about their duties for the day.
37 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Sarah and her partner Bill usually (7) (patrols / patrol ) a certain part of the city
each day. They ( 8 ) (make / makes ) sure that the streets and back alley ( 9 ) (is
/ are)
safe for the public. They visit shopping and video arcades to look for students
who
(10) (play / plays) truant. Sarahs day often ( 11 ) ( end / ends ) at 6.30 p.m.
EXERCISE 3
Complete the sentences with the simple present tense of the verbs in the box.
breathe
have
hurry
love
play
put
demonstrate
snow
weave
write
1.
2.
3.
4.
My little brother ____________ home from school every afternoon to watch cartoons.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
EXERCISE 4
4. Every Sunday morning, Aminah ________ (go) to the market, ________ (buy)
newspaper and ____________ (do) house chores.
38 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 14 :
The Simple Past Tense is used to talk about actions, states, and situations in the
past.
We use the Simple Past when we talk about something which started and finished in
the past.
Eg: Yesterday, Ali woke up, brushed his teeth and took a bath.
We can use the Simple Past together with the Past Continuous .
Example:
39 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
You can use the simple past tense with time expressions that refer to the
past.
2. ago
Examples:
3) yesterday
Examples:
Joe was at the cinema when their parents came back from Tokyo
yesterday.
REGULAR VERBS
You will notice that the word look does not change when we add the suffix -ed and the
main verb look is the same. Therefore LOOK is a regular verb.
PRESENT I look through the window.
PAST
40 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Past Tense Regular Verbs
1.
walk
____________________
2.
play
____________________
3.
boil
____________________
4.
wash
____________________
5.
kick
____________________
6.
lock
____________________
7.
watch
____________________
8.
clean
____________________
9.
sew
____________________
10.
dust
____________________
11.
paint
____________________
12.
fry
____________________
13.
study
____________________
14.
pray
____________________
15.
try
____________________
16.
cry
____________________
17.
dry
____________________
18.
live
____________________
19.
wipe
____________________
20.
smile
____________________
41 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks by changing the verb in the brackets into past tense form. The first
sentence has been done for you.
1. The result was so unexpected that it shocked everyone.
(shock)
(remind)
(cook)
(grip)
(borrow)
(iron)
(rain)
EXERCISE 3
Use the words in the brackets to fill in the blanks.
6. Kamal ______________ to school yesterday because his bicycle broke down. (walked,
walk)
42 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
9. Jokun __________________ a few books from the library just now. (borrowing,
borrowed)
10. She ___________________ with the headmaster an hour ago. (talk, talked)
11. The boys __________________ in the river yesterday evening.( playing, played)
12. When they _________________ the zoo, they bought the tickets at the counter. ( reach,
reached)
13. My grandmother ________________ some chilli seeds in the garden. (plants, planted)
14. My father and my uncle _____________________ the house last Sunday.( paint,
painted)
15. Puan Minah __________________ a hammer to hit the nail into the wall. (using, used)
43 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
IRREGULAR VERBS
Present ( today )
verb
I paint a picture.
Past
(yesterday )
verb + ed
I painted a picture.
Future
( tomorrow )
Irregular verbs do not follow this pattern. Their past tense is different.
These are the most commonly used irregular verbs.
PRESENT
Today
I.
am
PAST
Yesterday
I .
was
PRESENT
Today
I ..
cry
PAST
Yesterday
I..
cried
awake
awoke
deal
dealt
bear
bore
dig
dug
begin
began
do
did
bite
bit
draw
drew
bleed
bled
dream
dreamt
blow
blew
drink
drank
break
broke
drive
drove
bring
brought
dry
dried
build
built
eat
ate
buy
bought
fall
fell
catch
caught
feed
fed
choose
chose
feel
felt
come
came
fight
fought
creep
crept
find
found
fly
flew
see
saw
forget
forgot
sell
sold
freeze
froze
send
sent
fry
fried
shake
shook
give
gave
shine
shone
go
went
sing
sang
44 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
grow
grew
sink
sunk
hang
hung
sit
sat
hear
heard
slide
slid
hide
hid
sleep
slept
hold
held
smell
smelt
keep
kept
know
knew
speak
spoke
lay
laid
speed
sped
lead
led
spend
spent
learn
learnt
spin
spun
learned
spoil
spoilt
smelled
leave
left
lend
lent
stand
stood
lie
lay
steal
stole
light
lit
sweep
swept
lighted
swim
swam
lost
swing
swung
lose
spoiled
make
made
take
took
mean
meant
teach
taught
meet
met
tear
tore
pay
paid
tell
told
read
read
think
thought
ride
rode
throw
threw
ring
rang
wake
woke
rise
rose
wear
wore
run
ran
win
won
say
said
write
wrote
45 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct irregular verbs.
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct irregular verbs.
46 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Past Tense- Irregular Verbs
1.
go
___________________
2.
eat
__________________-
3.
sit
__________________
4.
see
__________________
5.
run
___________________
6.
give
___________________
7.
find
___________________
8.
dig
___________________
9.
sell
___________________
10.
send
___________________
11.
sink
___________________
12.
lose
___________________
13.
take
___________________
14.
blow
___________________
15.
sell
___________________
47 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 4
Irregular Verbs
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Those boys _________ at the canteen during the recess. ( are, were )
7.
8.
Ali ________ the second prize for his story last week. ( win, won )
9.
10.
11.
The boys ________ back late after the football match. ( come, came )
12.
Linda _________ the song sweetly, so everyone clapped loudly. ( sings, sang )
13.
The woman __________ bitterly when she heard the sad news. ( cries, cried )
14.
15.
Sharmila ________ a lot of water because the food was very spicy.
( drinks, drank )
48 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 15 :
REMEMBE
R!
The following are examples of
some words that may be used with
verbs in the future tense
tomorrow
past
presen
t
next Friday
future
9 pm tomorrow
Now
Monday
We can also use the going to form for future action that is
planned earlier or events that we think are likely to happen in the
future. We form the simple future tense using going to in this way:
tomorrow night
next week
49 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Examples:
He is going to play golf on Saturday.
I am going to swim in the evening.
Oil prices are going to rise next week.
50 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
The past continuous tense is formed by the past tense of the verb to be+ the present
participle.
It is used for past actions whose exact limits are not known.
The past continuous is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but
whose exact limits are not known and are not important.
Example:
He is talking on the phone. ( present progressive tense)
He talked on the phone an hour ago. (past tense)
He was talking on the phone an hour ago. (past progressive tense)
She is singing a song.
She sang a song last night.
She was singing a song last night.
The cat is eating a fish.
The cat ate a fish just now / It ate a fish just now.
The cat was eating a fish just now. /It was eating a fish just now.
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Ways to change base words to the verb+ing form
By
By
By
adding ing
51 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Change the verbs below into the verb-ing forms
bring, hope, end, rejoice, raise, sweep, keep, bear, deserve, continue
1. _________________
6. _________________
2. _________________
7. _________________
3. _________________
8. _________________
4. _________________
9. _________________
5. _________________
10. _________________
52 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 17 :
1 Notes: There must be an agreement between the subject and Past Progressive
Tense (verbs to- be and verb+ing) when using it in the past tense.
singular
+ past
tense
singular
subject
The students were writing essays when the dismissal bell rang.
plural+ past
tense verb to
be
plural subject
Sentence structure :
Singular subject
was
Plural subject
were
shows past
tense
53 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Study the subjects in the following sentences and write the correct Past Progressive Tense.
9. The girls _________ ______________ (run) around the field when it started pouring.
10. The man and the woman ______ ______________ (watch) television in the living
room when they heard someone on the door.
EXERCISE 2
Study the subjects in the sentences and fill in the blanks with the correct verbs to be and
spelling of verb +ing form.
3. Kien Keat and Boon Heong __________ ________ (train) at the badminton academy
when they received the news.
4. They _________ ________(feel) on top of the world when they won the competition.
54 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 18 :
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks.
EXERCISE 2
Choose the correct answers and fill in the blanks.
55 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
9. The men ______________________ on the bench in the park. ( is sitting, are sitting)
10. A boy ______________________ a book under the tree. (is reading, are reading)
11. The birds _____________________ in the sky. (is flying, are flying)
12. My mother ________________________ some cookies in the kitchen. (is baking, are
baking)
13. The girls _______________________ around the field. (are running, is running)
14. The man and the woman _____________________ television in the living room. (is
watching, are watching)
56 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 19 :
1
PREPOSITIONS
Examples
He sat on the bench. (space)
He called the police at ten oclock.
(time)
(method )
(purpose)
Preposition of time
ten minutes
for
a month
after
57 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
The weekend
After
Night
For + duration of ti me
At
Midnight
Noon
4 oclock/4 pm
on
Wednesday
after
Wednesday morning
by
21 September 1990
until/till
Twenty-first September
before
September 21
1998
Winter/summer
May
In
the morning
the afternoon
the evening
58 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Tick (
The
comp
act
disc is
under
the
table.
The
table
is in
front
of the
sofa.
T
h
e
r5
e
i
s
a
l
a
p
t
o
p
o
n7
t
h
e
There
is
a
chair
near
the
table.
The
comp
uter
table
is
oppo
site
the
sofa.
The
mous
e
is
betwe
en the
key
board
and a
book.
t
a
b
l
e
.
TEXERCISE 2
h
L
I
59 |
Mo
dul
Tri
um
ph
Re
don
g V
ol.
1
Mia
Ant
ash
a
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
EXERCISE 3
Look at the picture. Read the sentence and number it based on the picture.
1. I am in the water.
2. I am up here in the tree.
3. I am on the leaf.
4. I am under the bridge.
5. I am under the tree.
60 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 4
Underline the correct preposition in the bracket.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
The boy fell (of, off ) his horse and broke his leg.
10.
EXERCISE 5
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition. The words in the table may help you.
across
along
before
behind
past
through
to
towards
1.
from
2.
3.
4.
5.
Mary is running ______ the final station in the cross country race.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
into
61 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 6
Underline the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Please be at the cinema (before, by, on) 6.00 p.m. because the movie is starting at
6.15 p.m.
8.
EXERCISE 7
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Remember to switch off the lights ________ you leave the room.
8.
The ball rolled ________ the stairs and fell ________ the drain.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
62 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 20 :
ADVERBS
There are several types of adverbs such as adverbs of manner, time, frequency,
place and degree.
Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of manner describe how.
Examples:
quickly, strangely, confidently, wisely, sweetly
EXERCISE 1
Identify and underline the adverbs in the sentences given below.
63 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
ADJECTIVES
ADVERBS
1. angry
angrily
2. great
greatly
3. careful
carefully
4. neat
neatly
5. strange
strangely
EXERCISE 2
Form adverbs from the following adjectives.
ADJECTIVES
ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES
brave
greedy
bitter
happy
brief
loud
hopeful
low
clear
patient
correct
quick
cruel
sad
easy
serious
free
sudden
furious
willing
ADVERBS
64 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Choose and fill in each blank with suitable adverbs given below.
Sweetly
correctly
hurriedly
soundly
confidently
fiercely
Cruelly
wisely
quietly
attentively
badly
patiently
EXERCISE 4
Replace the underlined words with a suitable adverb.
65 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
ADVERBS OF DEGREE
Examples:
quite, nearly, very, absolutely, slightly, too, reasonably, more, less
Study the following examples.
EXERCISE 1
Identify and underline the adverb of degree in the sentences below.
1. He is too shy.
2. Are you quite sure?
3. The walk was rather long.
4. The patient is much better today.
5. Do not walk so fast.
6. Sheila is very good at scrabble.
7. Do you think the food is rather tasteless?
8. This imported book is reasonably cheap.
9. There are more girls than boys in this class.
10. The activities that we had were less tiring.
66 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 21 : ADJECTIVES
1
EXERCISE 1
Underline all the adjectives given in the sentences below..
3. She will not listen to your advice. She is a very stubborn girl.
4. Encik Abu Bakar is a dedicated teacher. All the pupils like him.
6. A brave man jumped into the river to save the drowning child.
67 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Comparison of Adjectives
[ Positive Degree , Comparative Degree, Superlative Degree ]
2. The comparative degree is used to compare one person or thing with another.
eg. Tasnim is taller than Ramlah
eg. That car is cheaper than this one.
3. The superlative degree is used to compare one person or thing with more than
one eg. Liza is the tallest of the three.
eg. The car is the cheapest.
68 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Positive
Comparative
[ + -er ]
Superlative
[ + est ]
1 brave
2 great
3 near
4 fast
5 rich
EXERCISE 2
Positive
Comparative
[ + -ier ]
Superlative
[ + iest ]
1 dirty
2 early
3 easy
4 happy
5 heavy
69 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
Comparative
Superlative
1 big
2 fat
3 hot
4 wet
5 sad
EXERCISE 4
Positive
1 bad
2 far
3 good
4 little
5 many
70 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 5
Positive
Comparative
[ + more ]
Superlative
[ the + most ]
1 beautiful
2 careful
3 comfortable
4 expensive
5 famous
EXERCISE 6
Fill in the blanks by using the comparative or superlative forms of the adjectives in brackets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
71 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 7
Underline the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
The little girl has the ( sweet, sweeter, sweetest ) smile I have ever seen.
4.
5.
6.
7.
As far as I know, my mother bakes the ( good, better, best ) cheese cake.
8.
9.
10.
This is the ( bad, worse, worst) fire in the last siz months.
11.
12.
Do you know which is the ( long, longer, longest ) river in the world?
13.
14.
Can you speak ( loud, louder, loudest) ? I cant hear you from here.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
There is ( much, more, most ) sugar in the bowl than the cup.
72 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 8
Complete the table of adjectives below.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
angry
beautiful
cheap
dirty
expensive
fat
cold
delicious
heavy
little
sad
thin
happy
long
short
poor
smart
good
tall
sweet
73 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
statement Examples:
1-
2-
Breast milk is the perfect source of nutrition for infants, isnt it?
Examples:
1-
2-
If the statement contains a main verb, you must use the auxiliary do in the
Question-Tag. The tenses of the auxiliary do are determined by the tenses of the
main verb in the sentence.
Examples:
74 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Add tag questions to the following.
1.
2.
Elizabeth is a dentist,______________?
3.
4.
5.
6.
George is a student,______________?
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
I am invited,_________________?
EXERCISE 2
Provide responses to the following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
____________________
75 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Complete these statements with a question tag.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
76 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
UNIT 23 :
WH-QUESTION WORDS
A question that asks for information normally uses one of the following
question words:
when, where, why, who, whose, what, which, how
WH QUESTION
WORD
When
Where
FUNCTION
To ask information
about time
EXAMPLE
Q: When did Omar go to the gallery?
A: He went to the gallery during the
holidays.
To ask information
about place/location
station?
A: He went to the station to pick Shaffi up.
Who
Whose
To ask information
about possession
A: Its Azmirs
77 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
To ask about
What
activities
(i) + a form of do
(ii) + a noun
Which
How
Q: What is he doing?
A: He is reading a book on psychology.
Q: What games do you play?
A: I play football and badminton.
To ask a question
make a choice
of transport, manner,
A: I took a cab.
frequency, and
distance
A: Once a month.
EXERCISE 1
Write WH-questions for the following sentences.
Response
Question
78 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 2
Construct two Wh-Questions for each of the statements below.
3. In order to make the rubber shoes, the rubber taken from the rubber tree has to
be treated.
4. Wool from the sheep must be cleaned and separated into the different grades of wool.
79 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 24 : CONJUNCTIONS
1
SENTENCE 1
Link word
SENTENCE 2
(conjunction)
because
I had no money.
(The word because links sentence 1 to sentence 2 and is used to signal reason.)
TYPES OF CONJUNCTIONS
1. Conjunctions that show similarity or close relationship.
Example :
80 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Example :
Example :
81 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s
ha
Example :
Examples :
7. Conjunctions which link two events that are going on at the same time.
Example :
82 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h
a
Example :
1. He worked very hard so that he could pass his exams with flying colours.
2. In order to be healthy, we must eat good food.
3. He finished his work quickly so that he could watch the football game.
Example :
a. Unless you do as you are told, you will be punished.
10. Conjunctions that refer to actions that have ended or will end at a particular time.
till, until
Example :
83 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct conjunction in the sentences below.
1.
2.
3.
I will ask (either / neither) Samy or Muthu to give me a lift home today.
4.
The children were extremely rude, (and / so) they were punished.
5.
(Unless / Although) we stayed back late, we could not complete our project.
6.
We will have to postpone the football game (because / if) it rains heavily today.
7.
8.
Soo Ching took a part time job (in order / so) to supplement her familys income.
9.
(Because / Although) Encik Nordin is already eighty years old, he is still very active.
10.
EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with suitable conjunctions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Mr. Wong is rich __________ he refuses to donate any money for charity.
8.
9.
10.
84 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Underline the correct conjunctions in each of the following sentences.
1.
They had to leave early ( because, until ) they had another meeting to attend.
2.
You will not be able to solve it ( unless, since ) you understand this question.
3.
My brother slept early( so that, because ) he could get up early the next morning.
4.
5..
6.
She had finished cleaning the house (and, although) the cooking before noon.
7.
8.
Give me back my book ( after, until ) you have finished reading it.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
They stayed her overnight ( so, since ) it was too late to go home.
14.
15.
( Because, Although) she knew the answer, she did not tell her friend.
16.
17.
18.
19.
You cannot go for the trip ( until, unless ) you pay up the registration fee.
20.
85 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Unit 25 :
Punctuation
1.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
86 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
87 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
88 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s
ha
16.
17.
18.
19.
2.
3.
2.
3.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
A. Wahab visited the crocodile farm and Melaka zoo last sunday.
2.
Wahab visited the crocodile Farm and Melaka Zoo last Sunday .
3.
Wahab visited the Crocodile Farm and Melaka Zoo last Sunday.
89 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h
a
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
2.
3.
4.
90 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
91 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
92 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
tasha
35.
36.
A Hello, Imran. What are your plans for the school holidays? asks Zainah.
B Hello! Imran. What are your plans for the school holidays? asks Zainah.
C Hello! Imran. What are your plans for the school holidays asks Zainah.
D Hello! imran. What are your plans for the school holidays asks Zainah.
37.
A The pupils are singing malay, chinese and tamil songs in the competition. B The
pupils are singing Malay, Chinese and Tamil songs in the competition. C The
Pupils are singing Malay Chinese and Tamil songs in the competition. D The
pupils are singing Malay, Chinese and Tamil songs competition!
38.
39.
93 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
40.
41.
42.
43.
94 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
BONUS :
1.
2.
3.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
3.
they
she
we
it
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
in
to
on
across
Farahana had booked her flight ticket earlier because .. was cheap.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
more
most
some
happily
smartly
sweetly
bravely
1.
2.
3.
4.
because
although
by
so
95 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
1. along
2. across
3. through
7.
1.
2.
3.
8
on
in
at
1. camp
2. camps
3. camped
9.
1.
2.
3.
4.
10
1.
2.
3.
11
carefully
recklessly
carelessly
1.
2.
3.
4.
12.
why
what
whom
whose
able
was able
was unable
could able
1.
2.
3.
4.
neither
inside
either
between
96 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
13.
1.
2.
3.
4.
14.
1.
2.
3.
4.
15.
will
must
could
would
1.
2.
C.
D.
19.
over
for
on
1.
2.
3.
4.
18
weakly
badly
bravely
happily
1.
2.
3.
17.
Everything
Anybody
Nobody
Somebody
1.
2.
3.
4.
16
miss
misses
missed
will miss
flock
herd
group
swarm
1.
2.
3.
4.
Whose
Why
What
How
97 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
20.
1.
2.
3.
4.
21
will repair
will be repaired
repaired
is repairing
1.
2.
3.
4.
22.
1.
2.
3.
4.
23.
24.
1.
2.
3.
myself, my
herself, her
himself, him
4.
yourself, your
1.
2.
3.
4.
26.
watch
watches
watched
watching
1.
2.
3.
4.
25.
likes, goes
liked, goes
like, going
will be, going
towards, above
across, behind
at, under
away, to
1.
2.
3.
are
is
was
4.
were
98 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
27.
1.
2.
3.
4.
28.
29.
A day before Teachers Day, the pupils carried chairs to the school hall.
1.
2.
3.
our
their
your
4.
his
1.
2.
3.
4.
30.
ourselves
themselves
himself
yourself
1.
2.
3.
4.
32.
is
an
the
far
The angry girl ____________ the book and threw it into the dustbin.
1.
2.
3.
4.
33
tall
taller
tallest
most tall
1.
2.
3.
4.
31.
many
little
a lot of
any
torn
tore
tear
tearing
1.
2.
3.
4.
her
him
his
hers
99 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
34.
Puan Aneesa waits for the bus______the bus stop every morning.
1.
2.
3.
4.
35.
at
in
on
to
Mujahid jumped ________ the bench and fell into the drain.
1. into
2. on
3. from over
36.
37.
1.
All
2.
Both
3.
Either
4.
Neither
1.
2.
3.
4.
38.
speak
spoke
speaks
spoken
That was _____________ most challenging task and we only have ___________
1.
2.
3.
4.
39.
a , an
a , the
the , a
the , an
The weather is so hot that there is only _____________ water in the well.
1.
2.
3.
4.
much
a little
any
a few
100 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
40. Her children are very polite and everybody ____________ them.
1.
2.
3.
4.
love
loves
loved
loving
were
is
was
are
impolite
friendly
rude
stingy
counts
is counting
was counting
were counting
45. Mr. Lims dog ______________ his neighbours son last week.
1.
2.
3.
4.
bites
bite
bit
bitten
1.
2.
3.
4.
am
is
are
was
101 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
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isnt it
dont you
didnt you
wasnt you
48. The workers walked ___________ into the factory because they were late for work.
1.
2.
3.
4.
politely
smartly
hurriedly
slowly
under
down
below
against
through
between
along
beside
1. return
2. returns
3. returned
4. returning
102 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
1. I
2. he
3. she
4. you
1. Besides
2. Although
3. Therefore
4. Furthermore
1. a
2. an
3. the
1. big
2. loud
3. bright
4. strong
1. climb
2. climbed
3. climbs
4. climbing
103 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t
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1. fiercely
2. greedily
3. politely
4. shyly
60 Hana woke up very late, _________ she had to rush for work.
1. or
2. but
3. therefore
4. and
1. Where
2. Which
3. Why
4. Who
104 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s
ha
1. It
2. My
3. You
4. Theirs
105 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
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for
2.
because
3.
since
4.
although
106 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
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73. There __________ some kittens in this box a few minutes ago.
1. is
2. are
3. was
4. were
1. or
2. so
3. but
4. and
76. Arif and I went to the zoo. _______________ went there by bus.
1. We
2. I
3. She
4. They
77. You are getting too fat. You _______________ exercise more.
1. ought
2. would
3. should
4. might
107 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
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78. ________________ did the players feel after winning the game ?
1. Why
2. How
3. When
4. Where
108 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t
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109 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t
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89. There is _______________ mangosteen tree in Nadias garden. Nadia likes to sit and
read under _______________ tree.
1. a, an
2. a, the
3. an, the
4. the, the
92. The games Ranjit enjoys are football, hockey _________ badminton.
1. as
2. but
3. since
4. and
110 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
95. Muthu gave Sarah _____ silk blouse for her birthday.
1. a
2. an
3. the
111 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
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98. They like to swim ___________ play hockey during the weekends.
1. so
2. but
3. and
4. because
100. The tigress licked _____ paws after eating a hearty meal.
1. its
2. his
3. our
4. their
END OF MODULE
112 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n
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