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PPT07
Clarifications
Content
o Set Mass Source for Modal Analysis
o How to determine if higher modes are significant
o Gound motion selection and scaling for for nonlinear time history
o Second-order effects (P-Delta effects)
significant.
To determine if higher modes are significant:
m
j 1
n
j ,i
2
m
j j ,i
j 1
= 0,90
0,98
first torsional
mode is 3rd
4 modes to be
considered
A. Meslem & D. Lang
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Mode shape i:
n,1
j+1,1
j,3
Sa,d (T1)
Sa,d (T2)
Sa.d (T3)
T1
n,3
j,2
Spectral acceleration Sa
j+1,3
j+1,2
j,1
n,2
T2
T3
Period T [sec]
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Fj,i m j j,i i S a,d (Ti )
Mode shape i:
n,1
j+1,1
j,1
j,3
j,2
Fn,3
Fj+1,2
Fj,2
Fj,1
Fj+1,3
Fj,3
n,3
j+1,3
j+1,2
Fj+1,1
n,2
Fn,2
Fn,1
EN 1998-1:2004, 4.3.3.3
Fb ,m
F
i1
2
b ,m ,i
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Fj,i m j j,i i S a,d (Ti )
F3,1= 60.3
F2,1 = 58.3
F1,1 = 36.2
F3,2 = 46.3
F2,2 = 41.8
F1,2 = 62.6
F3,3 = 9.5
F2,3 = 36.7
F1,3 = 47.0
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Fb ,m
F
i1
2
b ,m ,i
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
A number of ways to combine modes given direction including CQC, SRSS,..and others...
Response spectrum will be applied as an acceleration in U1 (UX) direction using the
previously defined curve EC-8-B
A. Meslem & D. Lang
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
Step 2: a modal response spectrum analysis shall be performed for the structure
using sufficient modes to capture 90% mass participation
1 mode to be
considered
A. Meslem & D. Lang
higher mode effects are significant, the nonlinear static method shall
be permitted if a linear dynamic analysis is also performed to
supplement the NSP (i.e. to verify the adequacy of the design).
Elevation
EN 1998-1:2004, 4.3.3.4.2
Since
yes
no
EN 1998-1:2004, 4.3.3.4.3
For each ground motion pair, run analysis: the amplitude should be incremented, and
nonlinear response history analysis performed until the occurrence
Complete Damage
Extensive Damage
Moderate Damage
Slight Damage
Step 1: Run nonlinear static analysis (pushover) and identify the different damage
states.
Slight
Damage
Moderate
Damage
Extensive
Damage
Complete
Damage
1, 1.5, 2, .3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4, 4.5, 5.0.6.1, 6.2, 6.3, .7, 7.5, 8, .9.1, 9.2, 9.3, ..10, 10.5, 11.0.12.1, 12.2, 12.3
Use scaling to increase the IM level of the ground motion records, until all the limit
states are reached as defined above. Details on scaling procedures that the analyst
may implement are beyond the scope of these guidelines. Reference on this matter
can be made to ATC-58 (FEMA P-58, 2012)
Mean Curve
Second-order effects (P- effects) need not be taken into account if the following
condition is fulfilled in all storeys:
Ptot d r
0,10
Vtot h
EN 1998-1:2004, 4.4.2.2
Ptot
= is the total gravity load at and above the storey considered in the seismic design
situation;
dr
= is the design interstorey drift, evaluated as the difference of the average lateral
displacements ds at the top and bottom of the storey under consideration and
calculated in accordance with Chapter 4.3.4;
Vtot
If 0,1 < 0,2, the second-order effects may approximately be taken into account by
multiplying the relevant seismic action effects by a factor equal to 1/(1 - ).
Contact details
E-mail: abdelghani.meslem@norsar.no
dominik.lang@norsar.no
Web: http://www.norsar.no