Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Jon Naunton
-.
Upper-Intermediate
3
Workbook
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
OXFORD
UN IV E RS ITY "RESS
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Oxford University Press disclaim s any respon sibility for the content
ISBN:
0194575861
AC K NO WLEDGEMEN TS
The authors and publisher are gratejUl to those who have given pennission to rL'produce the
follOWing L'xtracts and adaptations of copyright tIUIlerial:
p7 'Beware of beauties in bars (and othe r stealth marketing tricks)' by Maurice
Chittenden and John Harlow The Sunday Times 9 September 2001. Reproduced
by permission of Times Newspapers Limited.
p 12 'Gadget poised for b ig things' from Evening News, 23 March 2004.
Reproduced by permission of Cambridge Evening News.
p22 'Wal around th e world' The Economist 8 December 2001. Reproduced by
permission of The Economist Newspaper Limited, London.
p24 Extract from The Leadership Moment by Michael Useem, 1998 by
Michael Useem. Reproduced by pennission of Times Books, a division of
Random House, Inc.
p28 'Contemplating the perks of rhe job' Diana Cambridge! The Times
10 December 2001. Re produced by permission of Times Newspapers Limited.
p33 'Planting trouble' The Economist Newspaper Limited, London,
13 December 2003. Reproduced by permission of The Economist.
p37 'It's Thursday, so I must be worth a pay rise' by Kate WatsonSmyth,
The Independent 12 October 2000. Re produced by permission of Independent
Newspapers (UK) limited.
p42 'Hamley's make-orbreak time' by Nigel Cope, The Independent
10 December 200 1. Reproduced by permission of Independent Newspapers (UK)
Limited.
p47 'Baggin g Some Big New Markets' fro m BusinessWeek, 24 March 2004 2004
by The McGrawHiIl Companies. Reproduced by permission of Business Week.
p52 'Word Perfect' by Kate Taylor, 16 August 2004 Guardian Newspaper s Ltd
2004. Reproduced by permission of Guard ian Newspapers Ltd.
p57 'Wom en's touch wanted' by Alison Coleman, Mail on Sunday 13 May 2001.
Reproduced by permission of Atlantic Syndication ! Daily Mail.
The author and publisher would like to thank thL' followingfor the use oJphotOb'Taphs:
Berentzen Gruppe AG p7; CameoD p12; Clear Vision Trust p27; Corbis UK Ltd.
pp8 (Lawrence Manning), 9 (Russell Underwood), 10 (Charles O'Rear),
13 (Hurewitz Creative), 19 (Gerhard Steiner), 22 (Stravato Micahel Sygma),
25 (Dave C. Houser), 33c (Macduff Everton), 33t (Steve Raymer). 34 (Owen
Franken), 58b (Lawrence Manning), 58t (RNf Productions), 60 (Bill Alkofer
Sygma), 62 (Larry Williams), 63 (Steve Raymer), 65 (Chris BlandjEye
Ubiquitous); Getty Images pp14 (Christian Hoehn{fhe Image Bank),
23 (Shuji Kobayashi/Stone), 29 (FPC Internatio nal /Bryan Peterson),
44 (Rya n stock{faxi), 53 Uill Sabella{faxi), 54 (Chabruken{faxi), 59 (Ron Krisel!
The Image Ba nk); (2000 The Image Works{fopham p24; Mary Evans Picture
Library p16; Oxford University Press pp28; 58c; Rex Features pp33b (Sun set),
35 (RiChard Austin ), 42 (Nicholas Bailey), 4 7 (Rich ard Young), 50 (Reso),
64 (Ulander); Zooid Pictures pp6, 15 (Dan Sinclair), 57
Illustrations by:
Claire Clements ppll. 26, 3 1, 38
Mark Draiseypp 17, 37, 41. 6 1
Mark Duffin p1 2
Sophie Exton p46
Fred van Deelen p49
Sophie Grillet pp36, 39, 52 , 56
Ben Kirchnerppl8, 4 3, 51, 63
Contents
Vocabulary-learning tips
Target markets
11
Prioritizing
16
Globalization
21
Company cu lture
26
31
Negotiations
36
Staying competitive
41
Fair exchanges
46
10
51
11
Business start-up
56
12
Reputations
61
Answer key
66
I,
VOCABULARY-LEARNING TIPS
Organizing vocabulary
S HAR.e'
SACK.
11\..
petforw.all\..Ce
seCOND-HAND
adj.
Oy
thetl" beh(wi.oKI"
"""'W.
Hodgkins have beell purveyors of fine foods for 170 years, and
members of the royal family are among their most valued
SOI'\l\.t I'\A.,()l"t.
.sAMPLe'
sAlts~A""'"
gAve
t.(.$..
so we dectded. to ot'du
customers.
Using dictionaries
A monolingual dictionary such as the Oxford Dictionary of
Business English or the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
will provide a more thorough understanding of a new word
than a bilingual dictionary. It will also provide information
"V'tR.Ci6T
pYoaL(.ct
01" StYVL.c.t.
on:
1 pronunc iati o n; for example: invoice /mv':Jls/
2 stress; for example: invoice /' mv'Jls/ is stressed on the
OL(.Y
CONC6P". VALlA.6
waste of t'IM.t, e.g. Thejob ''''ten/'ew w.s w.ste of
t'IM.t. I fol<."'" Ol<.t that the!:j haa g,ve", the job to
solM.to""", alre.a!:j worleL"0 '''' the oo""P''''!:j'
~lI\..vaw.ablt = vertf valL(.ablt!!
The ~lI\..foytl\(,"tl..oj.l\,
worthLess
AJ::I6cnVI3.S OF 1'6RSONALrry
eOll\.Sc~e~.,tiot.(S~ t"el~Ctble~ pl.<.V\.CtlA.Ql~ tl"1.<.StwOrtVlt:1
I'ftRASAL V6RSS:
eCOIl\.oOM~C
!4
covered
",.. pottt!
fw.Lttj eompn~~eL-\.S~ve
Qc:(justey
INSt.{RANC6../-_ _
lA.~trwri.ttr
N O IA.NS
pol,et!
~v\'slA.rClII\...C' broluy
pollet! "older
be~"''1:J
L~Qb~L~ttl
covey
ClCtw.Cltt:!
V 6R.'&.S
tQIu OL.(.t
~1I\.SL<.rQi'\.oCt
I'\.\.Q~ Cl cUt~1'\.\.
Lu\..c:(erwnte
g~Vt
;>E'O;>LE'
L~QbLt
Vl.(.Qri."-t
cl&4~V\.tS
ZO/l'\..t =
A~E'CT1V6S
6S O F !N S IA.RANC E'
+ ~evel.crp~~t +
qL.(.otQtl.oli\.
1
As you record new vocabulary, note the base form,
together with other words in the same family. For
example:
clever
(+)
c""""","'0 (-)
"'."'"ge (v); "'.""'ge""-t.-t (""); "'.""'ge".l (.dj)
.dvettLse (v); .dvertLse""-t.-t ("'); .dvert's''''0 ("")
ODOO
adverttse
Ct~vertL.seV\A.t""t
ca",,~~dQte
",-<t"od,caL
w.'t
Target markets
VOCABULARY
1
YEN D 0 R 5 E K H N A NW
L D C T C 5 A T U RAT E R
GPOSPONSOR X MWP
LRMKALQKKWPHI I
AOM L C FW GVA HNE I
UMEWCS EGMENTPM
NORCOPYWR ITERA
CTCIUMEDIADCFG
HI I WB I RONYSNTE
SOA E MQCAMPAIGN
YN LL XCG ISXHAJZ
J K V 0 I CE 0 V E R W X H
NVZFPEYHSLOGAN
E Q BRA N D G E R X 0 U P
2
What someone famous does when they publicly approve a particular product.
To introduce a new product into the market through advertising and promotion.
-----,----
Target markets
READING
1
Read the article abo ut new ways advertisers are using to reach their audiences, and
decide whether these statements are true (1) or false (P).
People can be so exposed to advertising that they are no longer aware of it. .
2
4
5
6
7
jonathan Ressler bel ieves that ordinary people will mostly replace superstars in the
endorsement of products . ......
The Times
4
5
Find the words from the box below in the text you have just read. Which words suggest the idea of ...
1
2
covert
pioneer
undercover
novel
stealth
enterprising
Target markets
GRAMMAR
1
(stand) in
(applaud)
because they
..
'8ut if a stunt
11
media, then it
(watch)
12 .. ... . ... ..
something incredible. In
career, she
(look)
tired, who can blame her?
stunts which
4 .... ...
16
14 _
. _ __ . .
IS ....
........
manufacturer, and
17._
..
far, both she and her client ' .......................... (be) delighted
7 .... . ..
usually
19 ...
(involve)
20 .........
21 ..........................
INTERVIEWER:
,
lUCY :
lU CY:
INTERV IEWE R:
INTERVIEWER:
moment?
INTERV IE WER:
lUCY:
lUCY;
..,
Target markets
SPEAKING
1
Some friends arc discussing advertising. Complete th eir conversation with expressions
from the box.
up to a pomt
to be!!!" with
come off it
a
that aside
we agree on
what
c~
thing
advertisements.
KE VIN: Why would you do that?
JOAN NA:
Yeah.
suggest.
DAVID:
advertisements?
KEVIN'
Well,
JOANNA:
mouth.
KEVIN :
OAVID: 4
JOANNA:
....... __.__ .__ ___ __ ' don't you think they make our lives brighter?
Well,s ........................... I do, but J just think it's a shame that so much creativity
Yes, I agree with that, but without the commercial break, we would miss part of
You're right.
At last
10
Target markets
WRITING
~~~~~;eb~: introduction to a piece of advertising copy with words and expressions
and
if all of thIS
copacar.com
You wouldn't play poker with a pro, would you?
1..... _ .. that is exactly what we do when we buy a new car from
a showroom. On average, we buy a car every five years, 2
a lOp salesman sells five a week. J
h
.......................... .
........_.................... ow on earth can we
expect to make a deal in our favour?
:he short answer is. we can't: 4 ___ .. .. .. ... . ... ' we don't stand a chance .
........___ ........._....... most of us leave {he showroom hundreds. if nOt
is
thousands, of pounds poorer than we needed (0 be. 6
Now use the headings and notes below to write the rest of the copy,
I
I
-tiu,
fYll-.e.
N D H.rPpN EYT124-S
Pvie..4- ineJlltU..s:
,w;'/'-'Y
~/it!.ptJne
I J V vo-l Ut.X +-
'I-
hv~tbJwn
l!.DY'LV +-
v/~
!!AoV
if ~ ekrJ.
11
7.
1
/
)
/
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
READING
1
Read the article about a new invention and decide if statements 1-7 are true
or fa lse (F).
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
(n
-2
3
- --
Find the names of these fou r technical items a-d in the text.
Fin d the words and expressions in thc article which mean:
1
2
3
4
5
a kind of licence which gives the right to make use or sell an invention for a
certain period (paragraph I)
a counting system which consists of zero and I (paragraph I)
an effect, like \. . hen a stone is dropped into water (paragraph 3)
uses (n ) (paragraph 4)
a clever, new, small technological device (paragraph 5)
GRAMMAR
1 Complete the text using a suitable narrative for m of the
ve rbs in b rackets.
.............. (work) as
PA in
2 _........ ..
$ . ________ _..................
(arrange)
...... . .....
she
B .. ........
she
12 ..
10
.......
conference organization.
(give
she
13
14
SPEAKING
1 Use the prom pts to complete the conversat ion.
I / make / terrible gaffe / at / party. I I I ask Terry I why I he I leave I
ANGELA:
old job.
ANGELA:
CLAUOIO:
ANGELA :
CLAUDIO:
Pat Jones is speaking to Harry Morris about the latc delivery of an order. Rearrange
the words in italics to complete their conversation.
1
PAT:
I've only just received my order. it - hove - courier - should - senl - by - been.
HAR RY:
PAT:
HARRY:
appreciate - angry-I - you - how - Pot - are, but there's nothing about a
courier on my copy.
Isn't there? well - there - 1- a - suppose - have - mix-up - might - been.
PAT:
HARRY:
PAT: worry - it's - probably - those - just - don't - things - of - well- one.
WRITING
1
L8
2moro
spk
L8r
cub
ftt
thnx
wru
latc
thanks
speak ......
late r
10
fo' .. .
'"b,
11
(ree to talk
12
MO I
13
you .
14
'"
..
Now 'translate' th e
ordinary English.
l ex!
to
C ARL:
JENNY:
CARL:
JENNY:
CAR L:
JENNY :
CA RL :
JENNY :
r u ok.
es thnx
. . . . . . ....... . .
ffiffi~~
......."'"
~~
......................................... .
15
16
Prioritizing
VOCABULARY
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
Replace the words in hajjes with a word or expression fro m the box.
time to time..
meantime
a waste of time
5
6
overtime
lui
~Vllile YOII're
Contin ue the second sentence so th at it means the same as the first one.
1
......................................................................
........................................................................ .
Prioritizing
17
READING
1
By the end of the presentation the audience's attitude had changed from ... .
a enthusiasm to boredom.
b horror \0 interest.
c amusement to disgust.
18
Prioritizin g
Look at this list of events from a senior manager's day. Decide what, for you, would
be 'big rocks', 'gravel ', 'sand', o r simply 'water'. Think of reasons for your decision ill
each casco
replying to emails
greeling a group of child ren who are visiting the factory I offices
GRAMMAR
Complete these sentences with an appropriate futu re verb form.
1
Airport.
2
3
I've got some good news about your new car. It ............... ............. (be ready) for you
to pick it up tomo rrow.
I don't think I
.................. (join) you for a drink after work. I'm so tired that I
(drive) to Sco tland this
afternoon.
8
Yvan is furiou s about his tiny pay rise! I'm sure he .......
............. (resign ).
If
Prioritizing
SPEAKING
1
Cheryl Wyatt, from a temporary staff agency. is speaking to Gary Coates, a very busy
ma nager in an advertising agency. Expand the prompts where necessar y, and then put
their conversation in the right order.
CHERYl:
.. GARY:
Goodness me! The advert! How could I forget it? Yes, we mustn't miss the
deadline. / you mind / ask / Frieda lehman / Human Resources / check it?
OK. Incidentally, / what / you like me / do / this advert? It / look /
important.
. CHERYl:
..... CHERYl:
.. GARY:
CHERYl:
. GARY:
..... GARY:
I'm pleased to meet you, Cheryl. Call me Gary, By the way, I'm very glad
you've been able to come at such short notice .
After that, I you ask Brian from Marketing / go / Heathrow I meet our visitors /
on I morning flight I Bologna? He's already seen them once before. It's due to
land at 16.35 .
Good morning, Mr Coates. I'm Cheryl Wyatt, the temp sent by the agency.
I'm standing in for Antonia while she's on maternity leave .
.. CHERYl:
..... GARY:
Right. Let's have a look then. Ah, now, the most important thing is the cover
for the brochure. It's already behind schedule and the printers have been
screaming for it since yesterday. I you think I you I organize I courier / take it I
them?
Mrs Hogg has a very poor reputation for dealing with her staff and colleagues.
2
I-low should she rephrase her instruct ions to get the best out of people?
What \>lould her colleagues say in each case if they wanted to offer to do these
things for her?
INSTRUCTIONS
POtiTe REQUEST
OffER
'9
20
Prioritizing
WRITING
1
Match the pieces to fo r m words which commonly appear in letters to do with bills.
over ~
I under ;0 iQ sight
;0 ~ Igood- ~
i=:===---'===;-r===-,
iQ standing
I I pay ;0
'--=------='-'
l over
Stod.""Wclls is a wholesaler wh ich sells pet food directly to dog breeders. Karen Joh nso n,
the manager, has been obliged to write a strong letter 10 a customer with a poor
payment history. Put sentences a-h in the correct order to recreat e her letter.
" StockJllells
Dear Ms Wilkes
1 am writing regarding our outstanding invoice fo r pet food
and supplies.
. '
Yours sincerely
I<~ Jc.,,","'J<>'"'
Manager
Study the notcs and write a s im ila r Ic tte r from Mr Bob Marx of Kelso Build ing
Supplics to M r Derm o t C lancy o f JMW builde rs.
!~'--A
TM.yll -
Can )'t;7IJ. ........ile Il (u,1l1 IeIW- 10 JMW b.t.iklers o.boul Ihis u,,,,oice"(
6i....e /hem one leul J.onc.e..
I( we don'l kve !heir &11 pa.ymenl by !l.,js fi.-icb.y we 'n Ink !hem
b >VI.
An W!Tf
u .... ..-c~
juw
"....t....e..
er . . "e-
. ~).., 00
-\1-..e.-. .....
faith
Aa-i" ""0,e..1
".".,
o....-i;S",,-1
Bob
10"1.
~.....
1'",,_,~
.-e""'.
"D
....-e-1'11.
,..,
21
Globalization
VOCABULARY
1
The spending money yo u have, once you have paid for life's basic necessities.
dis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ In _ _ _ _
Area with tax advantages o r incent ives for new enterprises.
z __ _
ec _ _ _ _ _ _ d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3
___ _ ______
= ____ _ _ _ _
________
______ _
10 The future prospe([s for the busi ness and financial world.
ec _ _ _ _ _ _
ou _ _ _ _ _
Replace the words in italics in these sentences with an appropriate fo rm of the verb
take combined with a word or phrase from the spidergram.
1
3
4
6
7
8
9
L'Oreal is trying 10 exploit the world's biggest market. .lakc..ruiYiIIJJagc.oiMultinational companies have to look after their expatriate staff very carefully.
Guess what ! Mrs Smith Il(Is started to practise Tai Chi . .................... .
They participated ill the last strike for better working conditions.
Ant hea lias replaced Graham as t he new market ing manager. . ...._.................
Sales have iI/creased drall/afically since the advertising ca mp3ign.
The part y \\las held in a new Japanese restau rant. .............................
We need to employ more people during the tourist season.
She Ilsed tire occasioll to network wi th prospective customers.
advantage
ca re
of
place
of
off
on
up
over
from
p a rt
m
the
opportunity
22
Globalization
READING
1
WaJ-Mart is the world's largest retailer. Scan the text to find the significance of these
figures.
1
$4bn
31
60%
6.7bn
17%
nine
\'Vh y don't analysIs share Mr Scott's optimism about Wal-Mart 's US growth?
""here does Wan Street think that Wal-Mart's future growth will come from?
Globalization
large electrical goods for the home, such as washing-machines and refrigerators
what a market suffers from when it becomes so full it can no longer grow
4
5
6
daring ............................ .
essential
able to make intelligent judgements
GRAMMAR
1 Rewrite these sentences using th e words in brackets.
1
(AS A RULE)
(ALWAYS)
[('s rare For us to sell a lot in the first three mon ths
of the year. (SELDOM)
4
5
23
Globalization
I
SPEAKING
1
When world-famous investm ent specialist Warren Buffet became the head of
Salomon h e gave a speech to the firm 's employees. Read his speech a nd complete gaps
A-F with extracts 1-6 below.
1
... but we want them to get rich through the firm and not off the firm.
I th ink in the end we'l[ be more proud of Ihis company than you've ever been
before.
S~~~~~~~~~~;~:~:NOW'
deeds
rulil/ess
pree/flde
2
LISTS OF THREE
CONTRASTING
PAIRS OF IDEAS
gutsy
lofty
showing courage
high
Find examples o f rhetorical devices in Warren Buffet's speech and p ut th em under the
headings in the table.
RHETORICAt
QUESTIONS
OPTIM ISTIC
ENDING
METAPHORS
ADVERBS
I,.
Globalization
WRITING
1 Nadia Henderson and Melinda King have a chain of beauty products shops. They arc
expanding into central and eastern Europe with different European partners and
franchisees. Nadia has been on a visit to Prague to d iscuss the premises their Czech
partners have fou nd. Complete Nadia's email to Melinda with words from the box.
altfiOUgh
yet
POlnte(j out
regarding
the other
while
eo
To:
Melinda King
Re:
Prague visit
Dale: June 28
Oear Melinda,
As promised, I am writing to bring you up to date with the discussion I had
with Nevin Havel and Katja Sidor
development.
2 ................ ,
_.......
..... .......... .
far as the financial side is concerned, I have discussed matters with Petra
Gruber and Gabor Lukacs.
6 .......
,
8
Frances, Helena, and Graham are discussing whether they should translate their
brochure in order to seU their products in Indonesia. Read th eir discussion and then
write a report summarizing their opinions.
It's a complete waste of money to translate our brochure. English is practically
the second language in Indonesia.
GRAHAM: True, but we can impress our clients by printing brochures in their own
language.
FRANCES: And we can put our costs against tax.
GRAHAM : We do need to make sure that our sales literature is culturally sensitive too.
Our translators will help pick up anything that could be offensive.
FRANCES: Yes, I've read that plenty of Western companies have had problems through
being lax about these things.
HELEN A : Fine, but why leave it to the translators? Why not hire a specialist consultant to
help with these crosscultural issues?
HELENA:
25
26
Company culture
VOCABULARY
Complete these sentences wi th words from the box.
authoritarian
malistic
seIf-exp
co....rvative
IiIOrardl
1m
T hese arc creat ive workers a nd we need 10 give them space for _..................
relationship ............. .
II was an old-fashioned, .................... ,........ fir m, where the boss decided what was
best for everybody.
: anyone can rise to the lOp.
The management structure here is rcally ............................. . People have vcry little
freedom to act o n their own initiative.
READING
1
Read th e article opposite, which describes an unusual office cult ure. Then complete the
table which follows it.
However, perks and holidays aren't too bad; for instance ....................................................
Promotion in the normal sense doesn't exist, but if you want more responsibility
you have to .......................................... .
Company culture
IN A TYPICAL OFFICE
27
28
Company cu lture
GRAMMAR
You're at the station and someone asks you when the next train will arrive. You know
that a train normally comes in about two minutes.
JJ!m;.~bmM._~.Q. 1.m.i!I. i.!I.f'--(illip.k .Qft!.!i!J.!IJ~ ........ ...........................
You have been invited to your annual school reunion. Normally you go, but this year
it is impossible because you are too busy al work.
You want 10 leave work I class ten minutes early for an appointment with the dentist.
What do you say to your boss I tcacher?
You are talking to someone who works in another company. They are talking about
supplying an old customer of yours who you no longer supply because they are bad
payers. What advice do you give?
.W~K.l. .~'!f!IY. .i{.~_1!9l!g.{l!J.!IX_b.!!~iu.~ ..iI.!I!. __
You have been asked to organize flights for an overseas conference. Unfortunately, all
the economy class seats have already been sold. There arc some se;l ts left in business
class. Wh;lt do you say to your boss?
tm.(lfm.i4... _
You are tell ing a young child about how people normally dealt with their money ten
years ago .
.~tll-'-.f~dl!.tQ.(qgy_I_\.'I]$.'!~!. {. '!J!.I.oo.l {g/.l.,Y.f.(!u..(lgQ..rn-..it._~.!.Q.tjm.\. Pwp.k.
You arc talking to your colleague about an important order you are expecting. Your
supplier promised to send it to you, but unfortunately it 's late .
.V.l~.l&. ~. J!I!lJ:Iw.Nt;;, .!/.1.t;y.Jo.it1.#!~y. ....
Company culture
SPEAKING
1
Simon Beard is an engineer who used to work in a mine in Northern Ireland. Study the
rules of employment. Then complete th e interview, using appropriate verb fo rms to
express obligation and necessity.
RULES OF EMPLOYMENT
ALL EMPLOYEES TO B[ SCANNED
NO JEWELLERY TO BE WORN
NO SMOKING
ANYBODY WHO TI\KES MATCHES.
LIGHTERS, OR I<l.COHOL INTO
THE MINE RISKS IN5T"N1
DISMISSAL
Well, we 2
.................. to start our shift in the mine without being
scanned by a detector.
SI MON
INTERV IE WER:
SI MON:
3
were afraid it might catch in the machinery and interfere with the security
checks.
INTERVIEWER:
SI MON:
5
...............
No. When I first arrived, I bought my own helmet and boots, but I
.........................
__ ___ ____ ................ _to take anything personal into the mine.
INTERVIEWER : I
SI MON:
INTERVIEWER:
SI MON:
1 ............................
,you see.
It was nothing personal; it was just part of the job. We were also
Words of more than one syllable can carry stress on different syllables. For
example. employee is a three-syllable word, which is stressed on the second
syllable.
Put these words from I into the table according to their stress pattern, as in the
example.
e mployee
property
jewelle",
employment
alcoho1
000
000
0000
000
employee
dismlssaf
personal
procedures
engineer
machinery
security
29
30
Company cultu re
WRITING
You are a personal assistant in a computer services com pany. and you have just found two
notes which the managing director has left you. Use them to write two global emails to the
whole staff.
:r.
Mall
To;
from: ....................................
__ ._ .....................
Date:
.sf.-I..01Ald e....w tke. po1iC11 o.f nse.rved p"'l'"l(i-Xn SfX\US .for 1'!.Ot.'I1Ot.3"e.~-xt.
Sot....e. people do-x't 1-Cse tke... / Il...,d Il lot of 1-CS ea..., co..e. ke.re o-x p1-Cblic
tr"""sport. "Th.e.n t>.n t>. .fe.w people. wM C-4A-x Iffll}1" (tet to war/< ~ Ct>.1'"/
11M :r. tki'M/< we .sko1-tld /<e.e.p " .fe.w spt>.Us .for
"Th.e. nst O.f tkt.
sp"ce.s s{.-t..o1.(ld be. 0..., " .fil'"st-co,....e.--til'"st-se.rveo bt:J.sis/ j $ . i.f 1101-C w"...,t
rke. ...
r'll
spou
""ve to ~et "p e.dll "Th.e ,,",st i"f"""t ."t tk''''~ is
tk.tlt we I(e.e.p tke. c1-<St"""'-t.1'" p"'1'"/<i'Ml}' shictllr -tor c~t""'-t.l'"s. Re. .. i-xd
pe.ople. o.f tr,.,.js. A'Md i.f "'"lr0""e. P"I'"/<s I'M tke. diSt\bled p"'1'"/<i-x3" Spp-us
tMll'll b. clo"'f<d!
--
Mail
TO:
..._.......... __
Dale:
31
Choose a, b, or
If we
C to
1Ila/c/1 /
complete sentences.
set I do the price too high, nobody \"ill buy the product.
The industry watchdog accused the airline of predatory I Cllt I retail pricing over
We need to sell 10.000 copies to cover our costs and break el'cn / II/rough / dowlI.
There's nothing we can do about our fixed costs, but cou ld we cut our varied /
variable / variety ones, I wonder?
The problem with skinning / skipping / skimming the market is you can upset
invaluable
value
pricey
worthwhile
worthy
intless
costly
rewardin
worthless
riceless
....... ; I'd be lost withou t it.
This restaurant's rather ............................. ; why don't we try the other one?
mistake.
................. job, and .........................
... imitation.
We have been searching for a replacement for Mrs Thomas but we are finding it
difficult to find a
successor.
32
READING
1
Read the article about coffee production in Viet nam and find the following
informat ion .
the period which saw a dramatic interest in the price of coffee
2
Vietnam's \vorld position as a coffee producer JO years before the article was
written
........... ........
What effect did Vietnam help to cause when it decided to become an imponant
coffee producer?
How have major global companies stimulated the planting of arabica bushes in
Vietnam?
How has this affeCled the life of a simple farmer such as Va Danh Ke?
According to Doan Trieu Nhan, why does Vietnam havc a competitive advantage
in coffee production?
Why does VICOFA think that its future lies in the cultivation of arabica bushes?
According to the article, why is this shift to arabica cultivation not such a
good idea?
Join begin nings of sentences 1-6 wi th endings a-f to form definitions of the words
in hold.
1
2
3
4
S
6
a
b
c
d
e
f
!,.
and roofing.
33
34
GRAMMAR
1
suffered.
on rising . ......
2
3
4
SPEAKING
Read the excerpt s from a meeting. A clothes store has been losing market share to its
competitors. Com plete the excerpts with phrases from the box.
talk US throuSh
what you're suggesting
this meeting is to discuss
WRITING
lckets.
roc
th,
Today's rumours I Britain's en try I euro I see I sharp drop I val ue of sterling
sales' digital TVs I rise steeply I recently I last year's dramatic increase'
availability of new channels
Complete the text with a variety or verbs and adjectival ' adverbial phrases for
describing movements and trends. The verbs and phrases you use should be similar
in mean ing to those in brackets.
(were twice as
high) in comparison to the time of
the food scare eleven years ea rlier,
and the public continues to demand
cheap food. Si nce then, prices and
13 ........ ......................... _
36
Negotiations
VOCABULARY
1
I
2
Sometimes yOll have to make a small ....... __ .... ___ ... __ .... __ . to show you r good will.
(CONCEDE)
Tony is an extremely _.... __ ..................... person who knows how to get what he wants.
(MAN1PULATE)
4
5
2
3
We finally managed to r ~...a. -'... lL a C...Q.1l1...J!...L...Q _11.1.1 -1.1 over the terms of
the contract.
The shop assistant was so rude that James I _ _ _ his t _ _ _ _ _ and
started shouting.
Ever since the price of wheat rose J've been trying to g _ _ 0 _ _ of the
contract to buy two cargo shipments of it, but they won't agree to ca ncel it!
Allow the customer to believe that he is t _ _ _ _ _ Ihe
i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ by letting him ask a question.
READING
1
Read the article opposite abou t different types of boss. Decide whether statements 1-6
are true (T ) or fa lse (F).
1
With a dictatorial boss, you have to show how much you enjoy your job. _..
Bureaucra tic bosses don't know how to deal with unusual problems . .
A charismatic boss strives for personal ambition above all else . ..... .
'.
-. -
Negotiations
Boss types: how to identify them and how to cope with them
DICTATORIAL
Profile: They are
CHARISMATIC
LAISSEz-FAIRE
In
punishment.
How to cope: Always ask their permission
persona l deSires
How to cope: Be enthUSiastiC about their
dreams and show that you. too. put the company
first.
BUREAUCRATIC
CONSULTATIVE
ABDICATORIAL
Read the article again. Which type of boss is being described in these sentences?
He was a real inspiration; people would have done anything for him, He built the
company from nothing by getting people to buy into his beliefs . ..................................._
She's a really lovely person and always asks us for our views. But she does get
I don't think she's ever made a decision without checking it in lhe staff manual.
She's the last person I'd ask for a creat ive answer to an unusual problem,
She doesn't interfere and lets you do your job in your own way, All the same, she
is there if you need her, even if she doesn't like being bothered by lillie things.
I think he's got a power complex; he wants to control everyth ing. If )'ou want a
quiet life, just do whatever he wanls with a smile on your face, BuI never, under
any circumstances, do anything without checking wit h him firs t.
J7
Negotiations
38
GRAMMAR
1
zero conditional
3rd conditional
2nd conditional
3
2
If she
So what
your expenses?
3
4
... (work)
Negotiations gene rally __ ....................... .
conducted
)
(be
b etter if they ................ .. _._.__ ..........
o
(!) G
===
.,
Negotiations
SPEAKING
1 Lorna from Customer Services is talki ng on the telephone with an extremely irate
customer, Mrs Wallace. Decide which sentences a-o are spoken by Lorna, and which
ones are said by Mrs Wallace. Write Lor W in the first gap.
a
Don't tell me your problems: I've got enough of my own. Why on earth
didn't somebody call me?
Another date! As far as I'm concerned, you can deliver it today or you
can cancel my order.
Just a moment, I've got it written down somewhere. Yes it's BHY / 8976 .
.W..L
I'm afraid I don't know; I don't deal with the deliveries myself.
I suppose so, I've already wasted three hours. I'll make sure that I'm in.
Yes, I already know that. I've taken the day off work to be here. I'm
extremely cross.
I see, Mrs Wallace. If you bear with me a moment, I'll see what I can do.
Would this afternoon between four and five suit you?
39
Negotiations
WRITING
.......
As a token of our
unfortunatel~
"l"\-.e ma."Q.~
Ctt",et 1""\-.e<I.Iove
;!.~I.-, "3"0..",W1'<""1
ve
~q-e ~v;e.....~. ~
~o.."d
,....-.11
,8-a."d T"....otst:ed
S<st:ev~
As
ee
-pev-4'<.v....a.~
"*'
J:.
e><"f'~0..
o..~~
s."'~s
,. Jo,JM
.&e "''''
.a-
to
sta.~
.,#\..c.e -4'<.'<"
~v....a.~,
a."
....Q.1::""" Q.""tev t\.-.e
s\.-.e
ve-p!l.ed t\.,o..10 $'->e dOd.... Io j........... t\.-,e vea..S<>" -4'<.v I::\.-.ei'<"
0...8-~ 'm"l ~v;e.....~ a.",d J;. 'iJ-ot t\.-.e ......" v e$s....'"
1::1.-,0.."
s-et
t\..ea.tve.
'vJe ~ tl.-,o..\:: y__ ...;.ll ~ tl.-,is ....a.I::Ioev y--'<"
.L<I.v~
d<sa.~"'t....e....1;: .L<J,......se4.
.$0,
.,.....-"'...e....;e...,...:.e
...,;.i.Q to...ke
Q.",d
Cygnet
Theatre
will ...
Staying competitive
J
n
VOCABULARY
1
l\ lanagemcm
1 .......... ..
companies suffer from a lack of 2............................. (compete). T here arc fi rms which
__ , (recruit) or marketing, although rhe most prestigious
specialize in J ." ...
concentrate on strategic planning. This may involve advising fi r lllS O\'cr mergers o r
4 .....................
A team of 5
gathering market 6....
j\lthough all employees
are often
(rival) and office politics to deal with . TIlis can make the
job of an)' person from outside the company 8 ............................. (stress), although the
profession is nOt without its compensations! Top practitioners can command a
high salary in return for their 9 ............................ (expert) and commitment.
Look at these sentences and decide whethe r the words o r expressions in italics are
describing successes (5), or failures (F) .
1
There must have been a breakdowll in comm un ication; I never got your
message. ......
She's a realllig/! flyer, she'll probably be running the fi rm in a couple of years.
<I
His cunning plan backfired and he was given the sack. ......
I'd like to thank everyone who worked on the launch. It WC/lt like clockwork.
Scien tists have made a breakr/!rollg/! in the quest for a cu re for this terrible
disease . ._
<I
What message?
42
READING
1
Hamleys is Britain's most fa mous toy shop. It is located in the West End of London.
famous for its theatres, expensive shops. and department stores. Read the article and
complete paragraphs A- F with these init ial sentences.
2
3
4
5
6
Mr Bu rke brought back the basics of retailing with a focus on range, value,
service, and the store environment.
The success of The Bear Factory will help reduce Hamleys' reliance on the
flagship sto re.
Two weeks before Christmas and Simon Burke, tbe chairman of Hamleys, is
strid ing around Brit ain's best-known toy store looking anxious.
Indeed he has strong views on the toy industry including the faet thaI many hot
sellers are not up to much.
' [ used to play games like Diplomacy and war games (as a child).
Services like VIP shopping have been introduced, as well as a home delivery
service.
8 _ . [ th ink that with the degree of
branding that is prevalent in the toy
industry. the adml playing Quality of the
item is often overlooked. You'lI get what
a re sometimes Quite poor toys that will
sell very well because they happen to
have the right brand or because they are
supported by massive advertising:
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Staying competitive
What theory does Burke ha\'e about the success of some toys of poor qualifY?
What connection does the writer make between Burke's chi ldhood hobbies and
his actions as a manager?
How do we know that Hamleys was in a poor state before Burke arrived?
GRAMMAR
Complete these sentences with an appropriate form of the
verb in brackets.
1
When the computer crashed, it meant ............................. (reinstall) all the software.
"
We've tried
___ .. (relaunch ) and .
(rep.lckage) the product but nothing seems
(work).
(work).
43
Staying competitive
SPEAKING
1
Rearrange the words to make sentences followin g on (rom the int roduction in 1.
1
attention -
if -look - so - ha ndout - eight - you - would -like - graph - to - the - aton - page - of - the.
graph - you - see - further - can - two - this - features - reveals - asencouraging.
J-
WRITING
Staying competitive
The Bloomsgrovc corporation has a residential training centre for employees. It receives
ISO people at anyone lime. There have been complaints about the catering and a
committee has been asked to come up with ways of improving the service. Using the
notes, write a report on the committee's findings under these headings.
Title
Back round
Recommendations an
Cow.w.~ttee fo~
Fi)(lA
-
sa~ l".\.taL. No
~ten...g
,,
services aye
ntVl.
el1oke.
'I
(.1M
SOl<\<..tti1i.~ w-oye
'M~
"'0
f.v.d
v.o..t~
fD~"L
50~
wav..t
KlI\..tlcceptt;lbLU poot:
people of ~t.ffen:v..t v..&Itt.Ov..&lLi.tl.ts thoKght the CQolci.....g ~ t oo 'B.tit~l1.
30
,,(
("\
(r("("(
("("(<<
\,
PosSt.bt.Lt.tt.es.
- CcKLd sKb-cov..tyt;lct senlt.ce. Cl1tr.rptr; bKt wl1t;lt t;lbOKt qKt;l utU?
"St;l~
'- '-
foy moyt;l!.t
FtA-Ll Ct;lv..tUIl\.. stnlict. l>t:opt.e qKeKe t;l~ ,,"-t;lRt chowe t;lt couv..ttt: Mon: cl1oiu,
but couL~ Ct;lUSt LD.....g qutues.. Not s'Pecit;lL eVl-Ot-tgkJust Li~ scl100L ~t;lts. Wt;lste
offoo~.
Ccl"-till\..Ue wt.tl1
s,,~
--
~I'\M.
ct;lm t;lt
~i.ffen:1"-t
tUl'es. of ~t;ll.
begill\..~.....g ofWU~?
COI%I'I.<.i.ttu's sugges.ti.ovw;
of CQUYSt.
tft;lVt t;l clll"-tulo'. StrVi.ct wt.tl1 stpt;lrt;lte St;lLa~ t;l~ St;l~Wt.e11 bt;ly fo y Li.ght
L\.I.lI\..Cnes. I ~t.II\..~YS.
- ALwt;l!js offer t;l vegttt;ltit;lll\.. not
As~ 'Pt;lrtl.et.'Pt;lV\ks to fiLL
ill\..
~t;lL.
REPORT
The future of catering at the Bloomsgrove Training Centre
46
Fair exchanges
VOCABULARY
Use the clues to complete the crossword.
Down
1 The system of mOlley used by a countr y.
kepi.
Goods which have been sent, but which have not yet arrived are
Across
2
6
7
11
12
17
18
"
21
22
.,l
f-
-"
"
.---
.................... ........
.---
f-
in
10 A machine for lifting cargo on <lnd off a ship.
12 Word associated with the sea.
13 Large rectangular box which has revolut ionized international
trade.
14 A trade association of North American countries.
15 If goods are not transported by sea or air they may travel
"'
l-
"
"
f-
f-
I"
f-
f-
'-
f-
"
f-
"
r;;-
f-
ff-
L-
I I
II
L-
Fair exchanges
READING
c
d
Marc Jacobs _
In which order did Louis Vuitton open, or does he plan to open , stores in these
countries?
China
South Africa
Russia
Japan ......
US
India
Fair exchanges
48
Why is Lou is Vui tton following a policy of opening new stores in emerging
markets?
How has Shanghai changed sineed Vuitton opened its siore there?
What steps did Yves Carcelle follow before opening a New Delhi store?
"''hat aff' the {,"'O main reasons for Louis Vui tlon opening new stores in countries
like India and China?
Find the word in italics in the text a nd decide whether definition a, b, or c is the
closest in meaning.
scollti"s for
2
3
4
a guiding
b hitting
c ident ifying
b blocked
c empty
b closed
c crowded
b fast -growing
b cruel
c careful
b searching
c find ing
GRAMMAR
1
(steal).
.S9.!!lh.&w.I.\,OO, ....................................
2
"'
49
Fa ir exchanges
SPEA KING
1 Euan McLeish is giving a guided tour of a whisky distillery. Complete his
introduction with words and expressions from the box.
'd IIIre to say somethmg
afterwards
I'm lOing
before
K Y'1!!'d Hke to
round
3 ............................
to be your
craft. Now,
8 .............................
.._.....
we begin our
(OU f ,
guide today. The visit will take about fifty minutes, and
11 .............. ....
9 .... _ ..................... ,
1(0 .........
12 ......... ........... ,
I'll begin .
Using the d iagrams to help you, reorder these sentences to form the rest of Euan's
presentation of the whisky-maki ng process.
The (ermenta tion process converts the mixt ure into someth ing like beer.
Afterwards, this liquid is transferred to a fermenti ng container and yeast is
added.
You see, the wood of these casks is where the whisky gets its colour and
character from .
M00
Once it has started growing, it is dried in an oven which uses a natural fuel
called peat.
This is because many of these barrels have already been used to mature
sherry or other alcohol.
Let's begin , shall we? Right, basically, malt whisky is made from malted
bartey, water, and yeast. First of allihe barley is soaked in waler from our
stream for two days. It is allowed 10 Slart growing.
g
The smoke from the peat rises up and dries out the barley, giving it ils
distinctive flavour.
Once distillation has finished, it goes into specially selected oak barrels to
age.
This water and barley mixture turns into a sugary liquid .
.n
k
[J)[J)[J)
50
Fair exchanges
WRITING
1
Read the text about the advantages fo r exporters and impo rters of pricing goods in
different currencies fo r export. Make notes of the key words and ideas.
I
2
Now tur n the no tes into an eye-catching poster p resentation in the space below.
Decid e wh ich of the following style features you want to adopt.
arrows and flow , harls
key words and bullet points
memorable illustrations
headings, o r questions which you thcn answer
..
51
Human resources
VOCA BULARY
1
Complete the puzzle. Find the myster y word: a letter yo u write for a job.
7.
" 1
I' 1 1 1 1 1
1 1
/
5
6
,
,
I" 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
"
Gill
depend
all.
headhunting
stepping stone
Hello, is that Ma rjorie Howard? If I could just have a minute of your time. This is
Jerry Molloy ringing from IVS recruitment. Now, I know that you're probably
happy in your present job but I have a clien t who is looking for someone with
your skills and experience.
I've heard that you're looking for a new driver; well , m y nephew Larry is looking
for a job. He's a really good boy. Would YOLl like to meet him?
I've really got to leave this place. There are no opportuni ties for promotion or a
better salary. There's no future in it at all.
\'\'ell , she only stayed for six months. She jllst wanted to get experience in
logistics before mov ing on to another com pany. She just used LI S, really.
b
c
d
3
4
pulling strings
dead-end job
NS
, . RECRUITl1ENT
52
READING
1
Read the art icle about writing a CV a nd connect the opinions below with a person
from the text: either Margaret Stead (MS), John Richardson (JR), or Nic Owen (NO).
1
The person reading a CV may not laugh at the same things as you.
Who you really are shou ld come out of your CV. ..... .
your potential employer is looking for
and then match approximately five from
your portfolio.
If you're going for your first job, you
might not feel you have five
achievements under your belt, but it can
be just a question of looking at your
experience in the right way. 'lots of
students undersell themselves,' says John
Richardson, careers consultant at
Manchester University. 'When they say
they've done nothing you want to
scream at them. You've worked in a bar
on a Saturday night in Manchester?
You've got experience handling conflict.'
The same applies to any attempt to
make your CV stand out from the
crowd. When it comes to quirky
touches, 'Do it for a reason,' says Nic
Owen, account director at advertising
agency M&C Saatchi. 'If there's a reason
for it then it can be powerful but
gimmicks for their own sake are
annoying.' Ms Stead fondly remembers
a CV that turned up with a tea bag
attached and an invitation to 'have a
cup of tea while you read my CV!' But
she agrees that you can't rely on the
person who reads your CV sharing your
sense of humour. As a general rule,
Stead says, tricks like printing your CV
100
long.
The article includes a Jot of advice about what the person reading your CV is looking
for. Mark these statements true (T) or false ( F), according to the text.
1
The first thing potential employers want is information about you from your
prevIOus company. . .
Employers arc looking for people skills as much as hands-on experience . ..... .
daunting ......
portfolio
pithy ......
flippant
quirky _
'.
have a holiday
deduct
refuse
have a relationship
compensate
deduct
GRAMMAR
1
53
go upwardS
continue
mention
lower the volume
.""""
raise
charge.. .................... .
Slap talking and get all witll your work . .
She tlmlcd the job dow" because she got a better offer.
Oll r
next meeting.
week.
54
Human resources
SPEAKING
1
I
2
Keith Rickman is being interviewed for a job as a manager in Customer Services. Rearrange the interviewer's jumbled questions.
1
new systems - well - how - think - with - you - you - cope - do -lea rning?
Well, basically, I have enjoyed working in myoid firm and have learnt an
enormous amount, but now I'd like a new challenge and a position in management.
INTERVIEWER: 2
KEITH:
Mm, taking things too personally, I suppose. I really hate it if a customer goes
So,
3 ........................................................
No I don't, but we should remember that the customer is always the customer.
.. . or let someone else handle it?
I get a real buzz out of solving a customer's problem, but as a manager you've
got to take a wider view and trust your staff to deal with it just as well as you.
INTERVIEWER : S
KEITH:
I don't think I've ever made a disastrous mistake at work. But on a personal
KEITH: With the right support, I am confident I could find my way round it quickly. We
had many different databases in my previous firm.
INTERVIEWER:
And finally,
7 ...................................... .
KEITH : Well, that's a difficult Question, but I think I'd like to move into the coaching and
training side. I like sharing my experience, and working with people.
INTERV IEWER:
Great. And
KEITH: Yes there is, I've got a short list of Questions if you don't mind ...
WRITING
Human resources
lenny Walters is looking for a new job. She has just found an advertisement for a position
in a London-based hotel group. Use the advertisement and Jenny's notes to write her
leiter of application. Invent any furth er details you feel are necessary.
--
..).....,1 ~ R,i-\ <>t o1'1'o..-1" ...i1j 1" ~"""e- be.-e-. looR,i~ fD>'"' .f"~1 1"'.......
~i ",-., ..lc>.A<, to..- .... 1.,1' 1..",,te-1.
l., 1-'"':1 old,.
5cJ"IOOi i... 'I-'......-i') .......d, "R_e-. 1"...1~-r..,... .J ]l....cc....\....... ~-re.-.
~ 1"",,)1..-r,,1e.- - ~i"...\e.....1 of ]lit ~~ i ... \-.p"\"""e.-I _~e.-e-.1.
L-' ...&re.-I c\I.. 1'......-c.. ? .....-i') - ~ 'fe-"--'"':1 f...--..-r de--')"Il. e.-1-~' (e,j..r..-r-.1lj
~.te- ...-e-')"fC>O'')ibilni fo..- .,...e,. o-t n., .-v,-r................-r.,.) S1""".. a~ ~..-...bic. ;..,
.,~ ;,-...-.
~ ~~ ...-r t;.te--.,-r.....- h.o-re.-I ;\bu. """ll~....bi.
c~.e,..f ~,..r..,...i')-r. "Re.-.,,..,.....,ibilni to"- ...-u............-r_e-.-r o-t ::'''''''00..- ~vr..,...
,r,,,
c...~-r
-r.-...-.
~O<><"\ d,.,.I_ ...-r>c ..,R,i\\., - ~ -f\.,v,e.. i ... fi"e--')-r.....- h.o-re.-I ..);1)...
a.-........ai...~ ;...-r~-r..,......1 d~1e.-Ie.-. ~ ""'-.te- fl....e,.....-r I\"..-o...boc.
e ..............
.,i...0">C~
""'.....a-...Io.A<,;...,~
...
55
56
Business start-up
VOCABULARY
1
Complete these sentences with an appropriate form of a phrasal verb from the box.
stay on
into
II out
hand over
stand down
take over
allowance.
There was a row about who was going to ............................. as managing director.
It's a bad idea for people to . ........................ once they reach the age of 65.
over succession issues.
Families often
3
4
I am concerned abou t just how realistic this project is. I think we should carry out
(FRANC HI SE)
(SUCCEED)
and
(ENTHUSIASTIC; COMM IT )
7
(ENTREPRENEUR)
Complete the text with words from the box. You may use a dictionary to help you.
stake
forecasts
searchi
~I
with bright
S ...
They
feasibility
burden
capital
fundin
8 ........................
"
on their investment
Business start-up
57
READING
1
Read the article a bout three women who have chosen fran chising as a way of going
into business. Who ...
has previous experience of advertising? .
already had direct experience of the franc hise she later bought? ..............
<I
,
2
involves printing? .
"'
Join words 1-7 with words a-g to form coUocations which appear in the text.
,
,
sales
success
rate
3
4
set-up "H"
di re" ma il
capital
costs
annual
camp.ugn
computer .
working .
software
executive
turnover
educationaltoy
retail
distr ibutor
computer software.'
58
Business start-up
GRAMMAR
Keith Baker, the founder of a successful climbing and
cam ping shop, wants to retire but there is no obvious
successor. Look at the details of his three children.
1
more
enough
cons
for less
such
.101hardly
so
Business start-up
SPEAKING
Luisa Gon\alves is discussing the detaiJs of an investment project with Fern Rogers.
Reorder the words in italics to complete their conversation.
LUISA: thing - be - we - need - certain - the - is - to - that there will be a good
return on our investment.
FERN: Naturally, we share your concern. can - you - checked - assure - everythinghave - J - that - we.
FERN: Absolutely. con - we - thot - the - viable - 100% - guarantee - project - is.
FERN:
mention - just.
tUlSA: Basically, not - commit - able - we're - to - ourselves - until our architects
have looked at the plans.
LUISA: And we'd also like to check the patent applications with our lawyers.
8
tUlSA: That'll probably be OK. But if don't - you - that - mind - I'd - to - check-
Right, that's settled. $0 why don't we get some lunch and you can call head
office later.
FERN:
10
That's an excellent idea. was - f - myself - going - to - the - make some - suggestion.
LUISA:
59
60
Business start-up
WRITING
1
Read the letter in which two professionals arc asking for financial backing for their
project. Complete the text with words or expressions from the box below.
thiS correspondence
with that in mind
a device
in the meantime
therefore
this next stage
at this stage
the one
this aim
this
this distance
our invention
its
in anticipation
t hose
aher
'Ill
.... sensors calculate the braking distance between the drive r's vehicle and
. ... .. ........... ahead. If ~ ............................ is considered 100 small, Ihe device gives a
spoken message 10 Ihe driver 10 slow d own .
.. ..........
who han- piloted the device in trials all reported that they felt
8 ....
where the BSD's inlegrate(] voice chip ]1:1d been programmed wit h a familia r voice such as
Ihat of a parcnt, o r spouse, for example. Havi ng demonstrated the BSD's effectiveness, we
would now like to develop
II .
confidentiality of
to
respect the
14
We thank yo u
[ j
to
... ....... ,
12
You have come up with a new idea and want to obtain financial backing. Read the
description of your invention on the left, then write to a venture capital organization
presenting your project. Use the prompts in 2 to help you structure you r letter.
61
Reputati ons
VOCABULARY
1
Even though the old model has been much rna _ _ _ _ _ _ by critics. it
We keep getting lOis co mplaints abou t this DVD player. We really need to make it
morerc _ _ _ _ _ _
6
passport
7
\0
a successful career.
goods.
8
a
b
profile
market
name
rising ......
world
star
leader
class
hi gh ......
household
We should resurreCl / revitalize the brand name from the 1980s.1t may have
stopped being used in 1981 but it's still remembered today.
How many yea rs will it take the firm to live dowlI / boil dowll the fai led mineral
water launch?
The company managed to shake off! five down any long-term c riticism by
organizing an immediate product recalL
/I
5
6
The revival! tumaroulld in 70s fas hion means we can use retro-designs for our
appliances.
Six month s ago, th e company was o n the brin k of ba nk ruptcy, but sin ce the n the
MD has performed an extraordinary tllrnarolllui! revival.
62
Reputations
READING
1
Read this newspaper report about a musician whose reputation is ill danger. Choose
a, b, or c to complete statements 1-4.
1
Ki lbern Records .. .
a is co-defenda nt in a cou rt case.
b is suing Harriet Stokes.
c has been taken to cou rt by Charlene McGuire.
Harriet Stokes' lawyers tried to prove that there were si milarities between the two
songs III . . .
a the lyrics.
b the m usic.
c both the lyrics and music.
2
3
4
5
63
Reputations
GRAMMAR
1
understand.
o
4
disappeared . .....
Have you got the money YOll owe me?
,
,
... .. .. __ .
9 .............................
10
_._ ..................
out of
11
harvesters and
......
18
1, .....
route we had to
19 ...... .. ..... .. ..............
end
Reputations
SPEAKING
1
reformulate? .................. .
Reputations
WRITING
1
admittedly
wholeheartedly
!Jpp.;..fI!!ly
completely
immediately
profusely
entirely
are used with adjectives o r verbs to make language sound more convincing?
Olivia Greenleaf is the president of a company called Weber Plastics. Olivia wa nts
to deal with some un pleasa nt rumours abou t one of the company's fac tories. She
is talking to Simon Brya nt, a public relations expert. Read their conversation.
Then write a press release for the local newspaper, using adverbs from 1.
Thanks for coming in Simon. It's about these rumours to do with the factory;
I'm sure you 've heard them.
SIM ON: Do you mean the ones about the escape of toxic gases from one of your plants?
OLIVIA: You're well-informed. Anyway, we have to put a stop to these stories right away.
It needs to be made clear that as a company, it's our policy not to exceed legal
limits for pollution levels. We've even had Spearhead, the environmental group,
visit the premises. Not even they could find anything to complain about!
SI MON: That's a good point; I could mention this in the press release. But you did have
a scare about eighteen months ago, didn't you? Wasn't there an explosion at the
same factory that's in the news at the moment?
OLIV IA : A very small one, yes. Anyway, as a result. I shut it down for 48 hours while we
carried out safety checks.
SI M ON: That's probably when the rumours started.
OLIV I A: It just shows you can't win. If you act responsibly, people think you've got
something to hide. Some people are even saying that Weber sends all the dirty and
dangerous jobs to this particular factory because of its remote location.
SIMON: The local inhabitants can't be very pleased!
OLIVIA: What hurts most, is that this is complete nonsense! The manufacturing process
follows exactly the same procedures as in all the other plants. Our standards are
the strictest in the world. And we have the most advanced filters in the industry.
OLIVIA:
, "*""
.V<~.
':".'
..
65
Answer key
I
are receiving I have received I have been receiving
has been thinking up
believes
cost
catches
gets I will get
is currently working on
has run
have paid
has covered
17 has even gone
18 involves
19 em ploys
UNIT 1
Vocabulary
1
B
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
y eE N D 0 R 5 E) K H N A'N W
Ll( C T C( S A T U RAT E R
~P 0 5 P 0 N 5 0 R) X My!- P
L R M KA L QKKWPH I
AO M L CFWGVAHNE I
C( S E G MEN T) P M
UM E
N 0 R COPYWRITER A
C T C I U(M E D I A )D C F G
I RONYSNTE
";i5 0I AI WE MB Q(C
AMP A I G N
Y N L LXCGISXHAJZ
J K V 0 ICE 0 V E R) W X H
N V Z F P E Y H( S LOG A N)
E Q (B RAN D) G E R X 0 U P
,.
2
2
3
4
5
voice over
cam paign
endorse
7
B
9
Irony
"
segment
slogan
saturate
image
11 copywriter
12 commercial
b rand
launch
2. are looking
21 is not being
22
2
3
4
5
1T
2F
3F
5T
6F
7F
3
4
S
6
7
8
prop
Mr Joe Average
white noise
4
filtering out
5
product placement
4T
8T
1
2
3
2
2
3
4
Grammar
1
2
3
4
5
6
are standing
ap plauding
are watching I have been watching
looks
has been dancing
are I have been
"
Speaking
Reading
1
.7
Answer key
Writing
1
2
And yel
while
So
Sample aI/sIVer;
1
2
3
quite simply
That's why
UNIT 2
Vocabulary
,
If all of th is
7
N
,
/VI
llo
Matters of trust
services sectors.
'0
f-!
C;
C;
' J>
R.
/VI
, 5
R.
'0
,
f-!
/VI
"
J>
R.
5 "
T
5 f-! ,
5 5 0
" 15 1
51
51
Reading
1F
5F
a
b
No hidden extras
There are none of the hidden extras either, which
dealers are so fond of quietly adding on to the total
cost of a vehicle. W ith us you know that the price
you're quoted includes d elivery and metallic paint in a
colour of your choice. We even th row in a yea r's road
tax and breakd own cover, which includ es the use o f a
replacement car if needed. You can be sure that the
price we give you is the fina l p rice.
1
2
2T
.F
magnet
valve
patent
bina ry
4T
7T
c spnng
3F
transistor
ripple
applications
gadget
Grammar
1
1
2
3
4
5
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
10 gave up
11 approached
12 worked
13 grew
14 took
15 expand ed I had
expa nded
transferred
"
Answer key
68
Speaking
1
4
5
6
2
2
3
4
S
6
UNIT 3
Vocabulary
1
4
5
6
routine
delay
hurry up
10 put off
11 behind; make up
12 outstandi ng
1 1 i8
thnx
2
3
spk
,
i8 ,
b
11 wru
flt
12 2
13 u
cub
2moro
14 c
Arc you free to talk?
I'm in a meeting. Where are you?
At work.
5
6
Yes, thanks.
1
2
2
3
postpone
8
9
4
5
6
7
It's time to go
1
2
3
4
2
3
,.
on
likely
schedule
to
deadline
Writing
5
6
2
3
full~time
Reading
1b
2b
3c
4b
5,
Grammar
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Speaking
1
Answer key
important thing is the caver for the brochure. It's
already behind schedule and the printers have been
screaming for it since yesterday. Do you think you
could organize a courier to ta ke it to them?
CHERYL: Certainly. I'll put it at the top of my list.
GARY: After that, can you ask Brian from Marketing to go
t o Heathrow to meet our visitors on the morning fli ght
UNIT 4
Vocabulary
1
disposable income
econom ic development zone
multinational corporation
production facilit y
joint venture
d istribution channel
exclusive outlet
outstanding potential
9
fina ncial commitment
10 economic outlook
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
GARY:
I'll
be eternally
Writing
1
6g
take care of
has taken up
took pa rt in
has taken over from
have taken off
took place
take o n
took the opportunity
Reading
payment
overdue
invOIce
remittance
undertake
1,
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
arrears
outstanding
goodwill
oversigh t
2b
7,
3f
4h
3
4
5,
8d
Sample answer:
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
5 crucial
6 astute
7 expatriates
8 clout
69
70
Answer key
Grammar
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
3
4
meta phors:
keep the ball rolling down the middle of the court
adverbs:
basically
frankly
Writing
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
used to getting up
used to em ploy
would I used to pay
get used to operating
didn't use to be
Sample sentences:
He had to get used to Japanese ways very quickly.
He used to have I He was used to having his own room .
He wasn't used to living in a dormitory.
The trainees used to d o everyth ing together.
At first Aidan couldn't get used to the communal
bathhouse.
At work everyone wou ld I used to stay late.
Nobody would d ream of leaving until the last person
had finished.
In a western company, people are used to thinking
abou t their own personal careers.
In Japan on the other hand, if anyone made a mistake,
then the other team members would I used to cover
up for them, or did their work for them.
However, Aidan couldn't get used to showing people
respect just because of thei r age and the number of
years they had been working for the com pany.
Japanese companies are still used to promoting people
on their seniority.
rega rding
On the one hand
the other
According to
although
While
pointed out
yet
Sample al1SlVer:
UNIT 5
Vocabulary
1
2
3
4
self-expression
impersonal
paternalistic
egalitarian
5
6
7
hierarchical
authoritarian
conservative
Speaking
1 A6
85
(2
D4
EI
F3
lists of three:
'First class business in a first class way.'
a lot of business; profitable business; gutsy business
get rich around here; rich through the firm; rich
through the stock
contrasting pairs of ideas:
If you lose money for the firm by bad decisions .. I will
be very understanding. If you lose reputation fo r the
firm I will be ruthless.
we want them to get rich through the firm a nd not off
the firm
rhetorical questions:
What kind of fi rm can com e out of this?
optimist ic ending:
I think in the end we'll be more proud of this company
than you've ever been before.
Reading
1 2
Answe r key
2 1
2
3
4
Grammar
2
3
4
5
6
7
Speaking
1
2
3
1<1
expected I made
needn't have
weren't allowed
7 not allowed
8 made to
property, alcohol, perso nal, jewellery
000
emplo)'ment, dismisS<1l, detector, procedures
000
machinery, security
0000
engmeer
000
4
5
6
Writing
Sample answers:
To: All staff
From: MD
Re: Dress code
Date:
A few months ago, we introduced the dress-down
Friday concept to the firm. This has been a mixed
success. I would like to remind everyone of the rules.
Smart casual clothes may be worn instead of suits and
ties.
However, those staff who have con tact with the public
should ensure that they are always appropriately
dressed. You may wish to keep a set of smart clothes in
the office for this purpose.
71
72
Answe r key
UNIT 6
Vocabulary
1
2
1 set
2 sells
6 even 7 va riable
1 invaluable
2
3
4
5
3 predatory
8 skimm ing
costly
6
7
8
9
4 crude
5 scale
9 inflation 10 ca rtel
priceless
value
pointless
worthy
Speaking
Reading
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
S
6
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ld
pricey
rewarding; worthwhile
wort hless
second
2.7 hectares
5%
It has doubled.
3a
4f
sb
6e
Grammar
1
3
4
S
6
3
4
Writing
raw m:l1erials.
Although our lorry broke down, we managed 10
deliver the goods on time.
The ship was unloaded in spite of the dockers'
strike.
./
X Their exports rose. However, the domestic market
suffered.
./
X The country has fabulou s natural resou rces.
Nevertheless, its inhabitants are poor.
./
X Despite the country having ! Despite the fac t that
the country has tough customs regulations, we
managed to export our machinery.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Answe r key
UNIT 7
Writing
Vocabulary
1
Sample allSlVer:
confrontation
2
3
concession
negotiable
lost I temper
misunderstanding
7 profitabl e
8 p ro posal
2
3
persuasive
gct out
taki ng I in itiat ive
bui lt I relationshi p
4
S
6
beal l down
Reading
1
2T
sF
1T
4T
2
3
cha rismat ic
consultative
abdicatorial
3F
6T
4 bureaucratic
S la issez-fa ire
6
dictatorial
Grammar
2
3
1
2
zero 5 1 st 3
2nd 2
3rd 4
mi xed 1
2
3
4
5
6
2
3
Speaking
1 1
Lorna (L): c, d, e, f, j, k, n, 0
Mrs Wallace (W): a, b, g, h, i, I, m
2 3c
8a
13 n
4h
9k
14 I
5j
10 9
15 d
6m
11 (
10
12 b
Dear Ms Agnew,
I was extremely concerned to receive your letter
about your recent trip to o ur theatre. I can appreciate
that the main reason for yo ur coming to the show was
to see Steffi Newland and Mel Joyce live, and I ful ly
share your disappointment.
ou defini tely deserved an explanation for their
non-a ppearance that day and one should certa inly
have been forth coming from the box o ffice. I would
like to assure you that from now on. should any such
situation arise, I will ensure staff are asked to pass on
any information they have been given.
The reason for Steffi and Mel 's non-appeara nce on
that part icular day was due to adverse weather
cond itions. The light aircraft in which they were fl ying
had to be diverted to another airport. and
unfortunately, this meant they were unable to arrive
in time fo r the perfo rmance. Nevertheless, I hope that
you and your friends enjoyed the show, even if it may
have been an an ti-climax fo r you.
I hope you will accept my sincerest apologies for
what happened . As a token of our goodwill I would
like to offer you and your fr iends co mplimentary
tickets which can be exchanged for a performance of
your choice. Please find enclosed four signed
photogr3phs of Steffi and Mel fo r you and your
friends.
Once again on behalf of the Cygnet The3tre, I
would li ke to apologize fo r any disappointment you
suffered.
Yours sincerely.
73
Answer key
74
Grammar
UNIT 8
Vocabulary
1
2
3
5
7
8
9
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
consul tancy
competitiveness
recruitment
acquisitions
consultants
intelligence
rivalries
stressful
expertise
3F
25
1F
.5
backfired
2
3
breakthrough
high flyer
55
Speaking
1
Reading
1 A3
B.
E6
F2
2
3
es
01
makeor-break time
a starry-eyed kid
a candy store
hot sellers
dice
big-ticket items
a makeover
7
8
9
flagship store
pull you r socks up
to sort out
to fax; to send; to do
re-installing
filling; to become
speaking; to practise
using; to pay
Smoking
relau nching; repackaging; to work I to be working
to work
75
Answer key
Writing
A separate salad a nd sandwich bar should be made
available alongside for people who prefer a light
lunch or sandwich.
Participants should be required to complete a
menu preference request form two weeks before
the train ing programme and email it to the
restaurant manager who will do her best to
accommodate the preferences stated. Participants
should make known any special dietary
requiremen ts at this point.
Sample a"swer:
THE FUTURE OF CATER I NG AT THE B LOOMSGROVE
TRAINING CENTRE
Background
Following a series of complaints over a prolonged
period about the standard of catering at the training
centre, a committee was formed to identify and
investigate the causes of dissatisfaction and to examine
alternatives. The committee consisted of a
representative of the canteen learn, course leaders
from the training programme, and spokespeople from
recent courses. A researcher from Datascarch
consultants was used to compile and conduct a
questionnaire and to analyse the data.
Research
Six hundred recent course participants were given a
questionna ire to complete. Th e most notable finding
was widespread dissatisfaction with the formal waiter
service meals which are a feature of these courses.
While the committee recognizes that the formal sitdown meal is a long-standing tradition, the majority
of Bloomsgrove employees feci there is a lack of
choice, and have a desire for greater informality.
Waiter service was criticized as being slow and the
fixed times of meals too restricting. A substantial
minority of respondents nevertheless claimed to enjoy
the formality and sense of occasion this provided. A
significant number of people found the menu
unimaginative while the remainder found it
acceptable.
Options
The committee identified and evaluated the following
options.
To conti nue with the curren t situation. This was
discarded as too many people are clearly unhappy
with the current state of affairs.
To convert the whole restaurant into a self-service
canteen. This would provide more choice, but may
also result in unimaginative menus.
To sub-contract the running of the entire
operation to an ou tside catering team operating
on Bloomsgrove premises. However, it would be
difficult to guarantee quality.
UNIT 9
Vocabulary
'C
HOL
"
4 0 ODS
A
R< 0 '
J!.1
R
N
R.(:ICiHr
"
0
L'
~ ~
HA'.<T
I> R. '
A[
RAVAN
"-0"
A
AN
A
AN' 'R
to SSE L
Reading
1
a
b
3
4
2,
3b
4c
5,
6c
7b
Answer key
76
Grammar
Writing
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
Speaking
1
o n behalf of
I'd like to wish
I'm going
4 aften...a rds
5 As you can see
6 all around
7 before
8 I'd like to say someth ing
9 As I'm sure you know
10 if you'd like to gather round
11 talk you through
12 nobody has any questions
1
2
3
2d
7,
3g
81
4k
9h
Sample a/lSwcr:
WHICH CURRENCY FOR EXPORT ?
50
10 c
6b
11 e
An swe r key
UNIT 10
Speaking
Vocabu lary
2
3
7
IC IH A L
"
N C;
L "
R M A N
IS I T I "
I ~ I O I L I D I "J N I / I H I "
L 0
N T
N C; I
I N C;
"
IN
"
T H W HI
I A
S 1 W 0 R K
D H
2d
3b
"
4
N " I
"
" "
L
"
"
"
2
6
7
8
3
4,
Reading
5
6
MS
II<
2
3
NO
IR
5 MS
6 MS
7 IR
4
NO
2
3
T
T
,d
2
3
5
6
"b
Grammar
1,2
1 Ci T
2
3
2 b; I
3 d; I
4 a; T
deduct
continue
have a relationship
5
6
7
8
refu se
mention
invent
compensate
lo wer Ihe volume
9
10 raise
2
3
4
systems?
R
"
I ' 'I S lA
1,
yourself?
S T 0
C A N D I D A T
D
A T TI T
W 0
77
Answer key
78
Writing
Sample allswer:
Dear Ms Strong,
I am writi ng to apply for one of the positions of
Assistant Manager advertised in Hospitality World
magazine. f feel that I have the right personal qualities.
qualifications and experience for this type of post. It
has long been m y ambitio n to work in a top hotel
group in a key European location. This is exactly the
kind of opportun ity I have been looking for, and I feel
I could bring my enthusiasm, experience, and capacity
fo r hard work to the post.
I am a 25-year-old hotel professional with several
years of relevant post-qualification experience. I have
an international background, havi ng attended schools
in Paris and Rome. where I gained an International
Baccalaureate. I went on to the Lucerne Institute
where I gained a BA equivalent degree in hotel
management. During my time at L'H6tel du Pare in
Paris, I spent three years o n the fro nt desk. I was also
given responsibili ty for one of the hotel's restaurants,
and so I feel I have the confidence to take on a
managerial role.
For the past two years I have been working as chief
reptionist at a five- star hotel in Abu Dhabi, where I
also have responsibility for recruitment of junior
reception staff.
From my experience of working in Paris and Abu
Dhabi I have acq uired a good working knowledge of
both French and Arabic, and have developed the
diplomatic skills required for dealing with an
in ternational clientele.
My current contract ends in three months and my
employers will willingly supply a reference should you
require one. I am available for interview either in the
Gulf or in London. I would naturally be prepared to
travel for such a meeting.
Please fi nd enclosed an up-lo-date CV for your
consideration.
I look forward to hearing fro m you.
Yours sincerely,
Jenny Walters
UNIT 11
Vocabulary
1
2
3
handed over
go into
take over
4 stand down
5 stay on
6 fall out
1
2
3
4
franchi sees
successor
red undancy
expertise
5 fea sibility
6 enthusiasm;
commitment
7 Entrepreneurial
1
2
capital
burden
fund ing
venture
prospects
sceptical
searching
8 viable
9 feasibility
forecasts
11 return
12 stake
3
4
5
6
,.
Reading
1
2
3
1 Jan
2 Anne
1
2
3
1e
3 Jan
4
Jan
Formative Fun
Carewatch
1m-Press
2b
3d
5 Sally
6 Anne
4
7 Sally
8 Jan
Carewatch
Formative Fun
4e
5g
6,
7c
Grammar
Examplc sCllle/lces:
a
Answer key
Speaking
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Writing
1
2
J
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
11
"
13
14
15
10
this aim
With that in mind
a device
the one
this distance
Those
This
our invent ion
this next stage
therefore
AI this stage
In the meanti me
this correspondence
in anlicipation
JA
,,,
2C
Sample {II/sIVer:
I think that, with the extra resea rch and testing which
I have out lined, I can produce a product which will be
of enormous benefit and will give a very good return
o n investment.
I thank yOll for your time and interest and look
forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
4E
s8
79
Answer key
. - - 80
UNIT 1 2
Vocabulary
1
,
1
3
4
2
3
7
8
1b
,
1
3
4
Speaking
1
legendary
eminent
maligned
trustworthy
reliable
prestigious
notorious
lousy
"
3e
4d
5,
status symbol
resurrect
l.ive down
shake off
revival
turnaround
,
1
3
4
,
1
3
4
,a
,
b
damaging a reputation with bad news 1 rumour
\Vhen your reputation is damaged or you make a
mistake, people will never let you forget it.
All rumours have some truth behind them.
when a thought or idea is hidden or unconscious
aclions which are kept secret o r hidden from the
public
X
X
,/
,/
,.
8
11
,/
,/
X
X
X
X
12 ,/
13 X
,/
14 ,/
,0
1
the
a
7
8
the
the
,
1
3
4
5
Grammar
1
ai ,S
b4,S
c3,6,9
d 2,7,10
Writing
Reading
1
2
3
4
12 0
13 the
14 a
15 The
,.
,.
,.,.
the 10
21
11
the
17 0
18 the
the
the
an
2
3
wholeheartedly
completely
admittedly
7 hopefully
consequently
8 immediately
entirely
clearly
regrettably
10 profusely
consequentl y, hopefully, regrettably, clearly,
admittedly
wholeheartedly, profusely, immediately, entirely,
completely
StlIllple a/lswer:
You may have heard the stories about an escape of
toxic gas from our plant. Admittedly, eighteen
months ago, there was a small emission. We have
never believed in cover-ups, and consequently, we
immediately closed the factory for 48 hours so a full
range of safety checks could be ca rried out. In
addition , we informed the press and apologized
profusely to the public for what had happened.
Regrettably, this openness seems to have provoked
some entirely untrue rumours aboul Weber's
activities and we'd like to put the record straight.
Weber has never, and will never deliberately exceed
the legal pollution levels. As you know, all
manufacturing processes involve the production of
toxic substances. This is why we have the most
advanced filters in the industry. All of our plants
fo llow exactly the same high standards wherever they
are situated.
We also work closely with the environmental
group Spearhead and we wholeheartedly support
their efforts in protecting the environment. This is
why \. . e invited its representatives to have complete
access to the plant. In fact, we would like to extend
Ihis invi tation to all local councillors and
representatives, so they can also gain an insight into
the measures that we take to safeguard the
environment. It is in everyone's interests that Weber
continues to stand by its excellent record.