5

Cognatos e Falsos
Cognatos; Prefixos e
Sufixos.
Professora autora: Josiane Pereira Fonseca
Curso Tcnico em Informtica

Cognatos e Falsos Cognatos; Prefixos e S

As palavras cognatas totalizam de 20 a 25 % do total das palavras.
Um nmero que se tornar bastante significativo quando somado s
demais palavras conhecidas.

Dear student, nesta primeira parte da nossa quarta aula,

estudaremos um pouco sobre as palavras cognatas e os chamados
falsos cognatos.

Cognates-Cognatos
Palavras Cognatas so palavras que se originam da mesma raiz em
duas ou mais lnguas. Geralmente so palavras de origem grega ou latina.
Abaixo veremos apenas alguns exemplos, uma vez que, como foi falado
anteriormente, eles representam um nmero significativo de ocorrncias nos
textos de Lngua Inglesa.
Exemplos:

Organization: organizao
Administration: administrao
Excellent: excelente
Process: processo
Ingredients: ingredientes
Communication: comunicao
Computer: computador
Electronic: eletrnico
Participants: participantes.
Digital: digital

False cognates - Falsos Cognatos

Os falsos cognatos, tambm conhecidos como falsos amigos, so
palavras normalmente derivadas do latim, que tm, portanto a mesma origem
em diferentes idiomas com ortografia semelhante, mas que ao longo do tempo
acabaram adquirindo significados diferentes.
Exemplos:

Actually: na verdade

Atualmente: nowdays; today

Adept: especialista

Adepto: supporter

Application: inscrio

Aplicao: investment

Cartoon: caixa de papelo

Carto: card

Data: dados

Data: date

Eventually: finalmente

Eventualmente: occasionally

Large: grande; espaoso

Largo: wide

Library: biblioteca

Livraria: book shop; bookstore

Lunch: almoo

Lanche: snack

Push: empurrar

Puxar: to pull

Uma lista com outros falsos cognatos est disponvel no anexo.

A atividade seguinte para que voc pratique e conhea outros falsos

cognatos.

Atividade I
Reescreva em portugus o texto abaixo. Ateno na traduo dos falsos
cognatos que aparecem destacados no texto.
Figura 13:
My first day at work

My first day at work was great. In the

morning

ATTENDED

meeting.

The

discussion was very COMPREHENSIVE. The

secretary RECORDED everything in her notes.
My MAYOR talked about three hours.
Everybody was really tired.
EVENTUALLY, they decided to set a new meeting later in another
OFFICE.
After the meeting, I had my LUNCH in five minutes, then I had time to go
to the LIBRARY.
And there, I ATTENDED a LECTURE with my favorite writer.
Well, in the afternoon all the tasks worked just fine.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Atividade II
Faa a leitura e interpretao do texto abaixo, em seguida, responda as
questes.
DIRT 2

Figura 14: www.paredes.olx.pt

Colin McRae. This name, alone, already represents too much:

Considered rally father, the British racer is known as a hero among category

racers. However, Colin died in 2007, in an accident by helicopter next to its

house in the United Kingdom.
As if it was not enough, once aggregate to the title of a rally simulator
developed by Codemasters, the name Colin McRae won more force yet,
representing now one of rally series virtual played most of every times.
In 2007, Codemasters launched Colin McRae: DiRT, sixth franchise
game and considered rally most realistic simulator already launched. The game
marked the fans as the series larger success game. Now, the company
launches Colin McRae: DiRT 2.
The new title brings twice polygons in the graphs, that means that details
by cars will be improved, DiRT 2 counts also with textures of very larger quality
that your predecessor, what will allow sceneries even beautiful and varied.
Fonte: http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_McRae:_Dirt_2(adaptado)

1- Quem foi Colin McRae?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2- O que DIRT 2?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3- Quais as novidades do DIRT 2?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

4- No texto DIRT 2 podemos encontrar vrias palavras cognatas.

Retire do texto todas as palavras cognatas fazendo suas respectivas
tradues.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Prefixos e sufixos
Prefixes - Prefixos
Os prefixos (adicionados ao incio das palavras) nos auxiliam a ter uma noo
do significado das palavras.

Exemplos:

anti (contra): antibiotic (antibitico).

In/im, un, il, ir (negao): impatient (impaciente), unhappy .
(infeliz), ilicit (ilcito), irresponsible(irresponsvel).
re (fazer novamente): rewrite (reescrever).
semi (metade): semicircle (semicrculo).
mini (pequeno): minibus (mininibus).
inter (entre): international (internacional).
dis (sentimento ou ao oposta): disconnect (desconectar).
sub (sob): subdivide (subdividido).

Sufixes - Sufixos
Os sufixos (adicionados ao final das palavras) do uma indicao da classe
morfolgica das palavras substantivos, adjetivos, advrbios, etc.
Exemplos:

er (a pessoa que): writer (escritor)

ist (a pessoa que): scientist (cientista)
ion (ao, estado): collision (coliso)
ing (atividade): swimming (natao)
ness (condio de): sickness (doena, enjo)
less (sem): colourless ou colorless (sem cor)
able (capacidade de ser): capable (capaz)
ible (capacidade de ser): responsible (responsvel)

Atividade III

1- Os sufixos podem mudar o significado de palavras e verbos. No texto DIRT 2

vrios verbos esto modificados por terem sufixos.
Exemplifique 5 destes verbos com suas tradues antes e aps o sufixo.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2- Use o sufixo less para mudar o significado das palavras abaixo.
Exemplo: home lar -------- homeless sem lar ou sem teto
a- use til ___________________________________
b- name nome________________________________
c- end fim ____________________________________
d- price preo _________________________________

3- Mude o significado das palavras usando os prefixos abaixo.

in un im dis ir
a- visible _______________________
b- possible______________________
c- pack_________________________
d- like__________________________

HAVE FUN!

6
Leitura e
Interpretao de Textos
Josiane Pereira Fonseca
Curso Tcnico em Informtica

Leitura e Interpretao de textos

Objetivos
O objetivo desta aula oferecer a voc a oportunidade de colocar ainda
mais em prtica as tcnicas de leitura instrumental em Lngua Inglesa e de
forma contextualizada proporcionar meios para que voc reveja os aspectos
gramaticais abordados nas aulas anteriores.

Meta
Ao final desta aula voc dever ser capaz de:

Realizar uma leitura que o leve a uma compreenso satisfatria.

Reconhecer e compreender os aspectos gramaticais abordados

nos textos.

Esta aula muito importante na concluso de seu estudo

instrumental em Lngua Inglesa. Aps ler os textos, faa estas atividades
com calma e ateno para aproveit-las ao mximo.
No tenha pressa... O trabalho bem feito sempre o melhor.

Em caso de dvida quanto ao vocabulrio, consulte o

dicionrio Michaelis online em:
http://michaelis.uol.com.br/moderno/ingles/index.php?lingua=inglesportugues&palavra=

Atividade I

TEXTO I
Google: 1 million Gmail calls on first day
Figura 15 : googlediscovery.com

Google Wave and Google Buzz may have had troubles attracting usage,
but the new ability to place calls from Gmail appears to have caught on quickly.

10

"Over 1,000,000 calls placed from Gmail in just 24 hours!" Google

tweeted Thursday, evidently pleased with the number.
For comparison, there are somewhat more than 300 million people in the
United States. If the average person makes 10 calls per day--research in 2008
put the number at 208 calls per month--that means about one out of every
3,000 calls in the U.S. went through the service on its first day.
The service lets Gmail users make free calls to U.S. and Canada and
inexpensive calls to phones in other countries. It uses Gmail as an interface and
optionally can integrate with Google Voice to receive calls as well.
To be sure, a lot of calls are placed daily in the United States, where the
new Gmail feature was activated initially. But the figure indicates that a sizable
number of the millions of Gmail users at least gave it a whirl even if they didn't
decide it was time to stop paying for their other phones.
I had two successes with the service the day it launched, both
unplanned. First, somebody called my mobile phone and my computer "rang"
as well. I had the pleasure of conducting an interview via headphones and my
computer's microphone rather than trying to squeeze my mobile phone between
my shoulder and ear for an hour.
I've done plenty of interviews over Skype, but this time the call came in
from the phone system without my having to get somebody to sign up for Skype
or for me to pay for a Skype In phone number.
Second, I came back to my desk to see a missed call announced on my
Gmail screen. I clicked the phone number to call back and had a quick chat
through my computer. Nothing fancy, but no mobile phone minutes were
consumed in this process, and I didn't have to tell anybody anything except my
Google Voice phone number.
Given the vast number of phone calls made daily, I'm reluctant to draw
any grand conclusions. But the fact is that I used the service twice yesterday
without actively seeking to do so (granted, I already signed up for Google Voice
and installed the required chat plug-in).
That indicates to me that it's a matter those in the voice over Internet
Protocol (VoIP) realm or more traditional telephone will need to take it seriously.

11

Fonte: http://celebrifi.com/gossip/Google(adaptado)

1- Quais as vantagens do usurio do Gmail?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2- Para quais pases as ligaes so gratuitas?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3- Retire do texto acima 10 substantivos com suas respectivas tradues.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

4- Retire do texto todas as preposies e escreva os seus respectivos

significados.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5- Caso seja necessrio leia mais uma vez com muita ateno o texto acima,
depois faa sua inferncia.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

12

Atividade II

TEXTO II
Apple delays launch of 4 White iPhone
Figura 16: www.techtickerblog.com

New York - Consumers can not get their hands on the white version of
the Apple iPhone in April until the end of the year, the company said on Friday
(23),

assuming

they

make

the

model

proved

surprisingly

difficult.

The company, in a brief statement, said the four black iPhone was not affected.
As for the white version, Apple said that "manufacturing model is more
difficult than initially estimated."
The company did not elaborate further on the statement or specified
dates on which the white version is available.
The new iPhone has created a series of headaches for Apple, the largest
being the suggestion that the design of the device fails and causes problems
with signal reception.
In a rare press conference last week, the company's CEO, Steve Jobs
announced offer of free skins to resolve complaints of receipt of the appliance.
Fonte:www.themoneytimes.com(adaptado)

13

1- Para quando e por que foi adiada pela APPLE o lanamento do iPhone 4
branco?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2- Qual um dos motivos pelo qual o aparelho ainda no foi lanado?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3- Que soluo foi anunciada pelo presidente da companhia para resolver as

reclamaes de recepo do aparelho?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

4- Retire do texto duas oraes que exemplifiquem o adjetivo de superioridade.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

5- Exemplifique com oraes do texto, uma frase com cada um dos tempos
verbais abaixo.
a- Simple Present (to be)
_______________________________________________________________
b- Simple Past
_______________________________________________________________
c - Present Perfect
_______________________________________________________________
d- Simple Present
_______________________________________________________________

14

Atividade III

TEXTO III
Technical Informatics
Figura 17: www.did-smec.blogspot.com

Technical

Informatics

(TI)

combines

General

Informatics

with

Technology. Particularly in the field of electrical engineering it has numerous

correlations with the engineering sciences. However, the perspective of TI is not
marked by the technical disciplines alone but the focus is rather on giving
special emphasis to typical aspects of informatics in order to find more general
and universal solutions. The computer plays a dual role: On the one hand, as
one of the most important tools, and on the other, as a central object of studies,
research and development.
Fonte: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/technical_informatics(adaptado)

15

1- No texto Technical Informatics foi mencionado que a informtica est

relacionada a qual campo de atuao?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2- Segundo o texto, quais os papis desempenhados pelo computador.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

3- No fragmento abaixo, classifique e explique a funo gramatical das

palavras sublinhadas.
...The computer plays a dual...
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

4- As palavras abaixo foram retiradas do texto Technical Informatics. Escreva o

plural de cada uma delas, obedecendo as regras vistas anteriormente.
a- particularly _____________________________
b- Topical ________________________________
c- perspective _____________________________
d- hand __________________________________
e- research _______________________________

5-Retire do texto Technical Informatics o fragmento que est no superlativo.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

16

17