UEFA European Championship

5/7/2016
UEFAEuropeanChampionshipWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
UEFAEuropeanChampionship
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
TheUEFAEuropeanChampionship,orsimplyThe
Euros,istheprimaryassociationfootballcompetition
contestedbytheseniormen'snationalteamsofthe
membersoftheUnionofEuropeanFootball
Associations(UEFA),determiningthecontinental
championofEurope.Heldeveryfouryearssince1960,
intheevennumberedyearbetweenWorldCup
tournaments,itwasoriginallycalledtheUEFA
EuropeanNationsCup,changingtothecurrentname
in1968.Startingwiththe1996tournament,specific
championshipsareoftenreferredtointheform"UEFA
Euro[year]"thisformathassincebeenretroactively
appliedtoearliertournaments.
Priortoenteringthetournamentallteamsotherthanthe
hostnations(whichqualifyautomatically)competeina
qualifyingprocess.Thechampionshipwinnersearnthe
opportunitytocompeteinthefollowingFIFA
ConfederationsCup,butarenotobligedtodoso.[1]
UEFAEuropeanChampionship
Founded
1960
Region
Europe(UEFA)
Numberof
teams
24(finals)
55(eligibletoenterqualification)
Related
FIFAConfederationsCup
competitions
Current
champions
Spain(3rdtitle)
Most
successful
team(s)
Germany
Spain
(3titleseach)
Website
Officialwebsite
(http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/finals/)
UEFAEuro2016
The14EuropeanChampionshiptournamentshavebeen
wonbyninedifferentnationalteams:Germanyand
Spaineachhavewonthreetitles,Francehastwotitles,
andSovietUnion,Italy,Czechoslovakia,Netherlands,
DenmarkandGreecehavewononetitleeach.Todate,
Spainaretheonlysideinhistorytohavewon
consecutivetitles,doingsoin2008and2012.Itisthe
2ndmostwatchedfootballtournamentintheworldafter
theFIFAWorldCup.TheEuro2012finalwaswatched
byaglobalaudienceofaround300million.[2]
Themostrecentchampionship,cohostedbyPolandand
Ukrainein2012,waswonbySpain,whobeatItaly40
atthefinalinKiev.ThenextEuropeanChampionship
willbehostedinFrance.[3]
TheUEFAEuro2012openingceremony
Tournaments
1960196419681972197619801984
1988199219962000200420082012
20162020
Contents
1 History
1.1 Beginnings
1.2 Expansionto8teams
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_European_Championship#Finalists
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Trophy
Format
3.1 Thecompetition
3.2 Qualifying
3.3 Finaltournament
Future
4.1 Bidsforfuturetournaments
Results
5.1 Finalists
Recordsandstatistics
Seealso
References
Externallinks
History
Beginnings
Theideaforapan
Europeanfootball
tournamentwasfirst
proposedbytheFrench
FootballFederation's
secretarygeneralHenri
Delaunayin1927,butit
wasnotuntil1958that
thetournamentwas
started,threeyearsafter
Delaunay'sdeath.[4][5]In
honourofDelaunay,the
trophyawardedtothe
championsisnamed
afterhim.[6]The1960
tournament,heldin
France,hadfourteams
competinginthefinals
outof17thatenteredthe
competition.[7]Itwas
wonbytheSoviet
Mapofcountries'bestresults
Union,beating
Yugoslavia21ina
tensefinalinParis.[8]SpainwithdrewfromitsquarterfinalmatchagainsttheUSSRduetopolitical
protests.[9]Ofthe17teamsthatenteredthequalifyingtournament,notableabsenteeswereEngland,the
Netherlands,WestGermanyandItaly.[10]
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Spainheldthenexttournamentin1964,whichsawanincreaseinentriestothequalificationtournament,
with29entering[11]WestGermanywasanotableabsenteeonceagainandGreecewithdrewafterbeing
drawnagainstAlbania,withwhomtheywerestillatwar.[12]Thehostsbeatthetitleholders,theSoviet
Union,21attheSantiagoBernabuStadiuminMadrid.[13]
Thetournamentformatstayedthesameforthe1968tournament,hostedandwonbyItaly.[14][15]Forthe
firstandonlytimeamatchwasdecidedonacointoss(thesemifinalagainsttheSovietUnion)[16]andthe
finalwenttoareplay,afterthematchagainstYugoslaviafinished11.[17]Italywonthereplay20.[18]
Moreteamsenteredthistournament(31),atestamenttoitsburgeoningpopularity.[19]
Belgiumhostedthe1972tournament,whichWestGermanywon,beatingtheUSSR30inthefinal,with
goalscomingfromGerdMller(twice)andHerbertWimmerattheHeyselStadiuminBrussels.[20]This
tournamentwouldprovideatasteofthingstocome,astheGermansidecontainedmanyofthekey
membersofthe1974FIFAWorldCupChampions.[21][22]
The1976tournamentinYugoslaviawasthelastinwhichonlyfourteamstookpartinthefinaltournament,
andthelastinwhichthehostshadtoqualify.CzechoslovakiabeatWestGermanyinthenewlyintroduced
penaltyshootout.Aftersevensuccessfulconversions,UliHoenemissed,leavingCzechoslovakian
AntonnPanenkawiththeopportunitytoscoreandwinthetournament.An"audacious"chippedshot,[23]
describedbyUEFAas"perhapsthemostfamousspotkickofalltime"securedthevictoryas
Czechoslovakiawon53onpenalties.[24]
Expansionto8teams
Thecompetitionwasexpandedtoeightteamsinthe1980tournament,againhostedbyItaly.Itinvolveda
groupstage,withthewinnersofthegroupsgoingontocontestthefinal,andtherunnersupplayinginthe
thirdplaceplayoff.[25]WestGermanywontheirsecondEuropeantitlebybeatingBelgium21,withtwo
goalsscoredbyHorstHrubeschattheStadioOlimpicoinRome.[26]HorstHrubeschscoredearlyinthefirst
halfbeforeRenVandereyckenequalisedforBelgiumwithapenaltyinthesecondhalf.Withtwominutes
remaining,HrubeschheadedWestGermanyintotheleadfromaKarlHeinzRummeniggecorner,securing
hiscountry'ssecondvictoryinthechampionship.[27]
Francewontheirfirstmajortitleathomeinthe1984tournament,withtheircaptainMichelPlatiniscoring
9goalsinjust5games,includingtheopeninggoalinthefinal,inwhichtheybeatSpain20.[28][29]The
formatalsochanged,withthetoptwoteamsineachgroupgoingthroughtoasemifinalstage,insteadof
thewinnersofeachgroupgoingstraightintothefinal.Thethirdplaceplayoffwasalsoabolished.[30]
WestGermanyhostedUEFAEuro1988,butlost21totheNetherlands,theirtraditionalrivals,inthesemi
finals,whichsparkedvigorouscelebrationsintheNetherlands.[31][32]TheNetherlandswentontowinthe
tournamentinarematchoftheirfirstgameofthegroupstage,beatingtheUSSR20attheOlympia
StadioninMunich,[33]amatchinwhichMarcovanBastenscoredoneofthemostmemorablegoalsin
footballhistory,aspectacularvolleyoverthekeeperfromtherightwing.[34]
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UEFAEuro1992washeldinSweden,andwaswonbyDenmark,whowereonlyinthefinalsbecause
UEFAdidnotallowYugoslaviatoparticipateassomeofthestatesconstitutingtheSocialistFederal
RepublicofYugoslaviawereatastateofwarwitheachother.[35][36]TheDanesbeatholdersthe
Netherlandsonpenaltiesinthesemifinals,[37]thendefeatedworldchampionGermany20.[38]Thiswas
thefirsttournamentinwhichaunifiedGermanytookpartandalsothefirstmajortournamenttohavethe
players'namesprintedontheirbacks.
Expansionto16teams
EnglandhostedUEFAEuro1996,thefirsttournamenttousethenomenclature"Euro[year]"andwouldsee
thenumberofteamstakingpartdoubleto16.[39]Thehosts,inareplayofthe1990FIFAWorldCupsemi
final,wereknockedoutonpenaltiesbyGermany,[40]whowouldgoontowinintheFinal21againstthe
newlyformedCzechRepublicthankstothefirstgoldengoaleverinamajortournament,scoredbyOliver
Bierhoff.[41][42]ThiswasGermany'sfirsttitleasaunifiednation.
UEFAEuro2000wasthefirsttournamenttobeheldbytwocountries,intheNetherlandsandBelgium.[43]
France,thereigningWorldCupchampions,werefavouredtowin,andtheyliveduptoexpectationswhen
theybeatItaly21afterextratime,havingcomefrombeing10down:SylvainWiltordequalizedinthe
verylastminuteofthegameandDavidTrezeguetscoredthewinnerinextratime.[44]
UEFAEuro2004,like1992,producedanupset:Greece,whohadonlyqualifiedforoneWorldCup(1994)
andoneEuropeanChampionship(1980)before,beathostsPortugal10inthefinal(afterhavingalso
beatenthemintheopeninggame)withagoalscoredbyAngelosCharisteasinthe57thminutetowina
tournamentthattheyhadbeengivenoddsof1501towinbeforeitbegan.[45]OntheirwaytotheFinal,
theyalsobeatholdersFrance[46]aswellastheCzechRepublicwithasilvergoal,[47][48]arulewhich
replacedthepreviousgoldengoalin2003,beforebeingabolisheditselfshortlyafterthistournament.[49]
The2008tournament,hostedbyAustriaandSwitzerland,markedthesecondtimethattwonationsco
hostedandthefirsteditionwherethenewtrophywasawarded.[50]Itcommencedon7Juneandfinishedon
29June.[51]TheFinalbetweenGermanyandSpainwasheldattheErnstHappelStadioninVienna.[52]
SpaindefeatedGermany10,withagoalscoredbyFernandoTorresinthe33rdminute,sparkingmuch
celebrationacrossthecountry.[53]Thiswastheirfirsttitlesincethe1964tournament.Spainwerethe
highestscoringteamwith12goalsscoredandDavidVillafinishedasthetopscorerwithfourgoals.Xavi
wasawardedtheplayerofthetournament,andnineSpanishplayerswerepickedfortheUEFAEuro2008
TeamoftheTournament.[54]
TheUEFAEuro2012tournamentwascohostedbyPolandandUkraine.[55]SpaindefeatedItaly40inthe
final,thusbecomingthefirstnationtodefendaEuropeanChampionshiptitleandthefirstnationtowin
threemajorinternationaltournamentsinsuccession(Euro2008,2010WorldCup,Euro2012).[56]In
scoringthethirdgoaloftheFinal,FernandoTorresbecamethefirstplayertoscoreintwoEuropean
Championshipfinals.Hewasequaltopscorerforthetournamentwiththreegoalsintotal,alongwithMario
Balotelli,AlanDzagoev,MarioGmez,MarioManduki,andCristianoRonaldo,despiteonlybeingused
asasubstituteplayer.ThetournamentwasotherwisenotableforhavingthemostheadedgoalsinaEuro
tournament(26outof76goalsintotal)adisallowedgoalintheEnglandversusUkrainegroupgame
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whichreplaysshowedhadcrossedthegoalline,andwhichpromptedPresidentofFIFASeppBlatterto
tweet,"GLT(Goallinetechnology)isnolongeranalternativebutanecessity,"[57]thusreversinghislong
heldreluctancetoembracesuchtechnologyandsomecrowdviolenceingroupgames.
Expansionto24teams
TheUEFAEuro2016tournamentwillbehostedbyFrance,where24teamswillplayinthistournament.[58]
MichelPlatinihasstatedthattheFootballAssociationofIrelandandtheScottishFootballAssociation
suggestedthatthenumberofparticipatingteamsbeincreased.[59]Platinihasalsosaidthatthefootball
associationsofEnglandandGermanyopposedtheexpansion,andthat51ofUEFA'sMemberAssociations
votedinfavouroftheexpansionofthetournament.[59]ThedecisionwastakeninSeptember2008.[60]
AlthoughpreliminarypreparationofbidsfromTurkey,RepublicofIrelandWalesScotlandandAzerbaijan
GeorgiatohostEuro2020hadoccurred,itwasannouncedinDecember2012thatthetournamentwouldbe
hostedincitiesacrossseveralEuropeancountries.
Trophy
TheHenriDelaunayTrophy,whichisawardedtothewinneroftheEuropean
Championship,isnamedinhonourofHenriDelaunay,thefirstGeneral
SecretaryofUEFA,whocameupwiththeideaofaEuropeanchampionship
butdiedfiveyearspriortothefirsttournamentin1960.Hisson,Pierre,wasin
chargeofcreatingthetrophy.[61]Sincethefirsttournamentithasbeenawarded
tothewinningteamforthemtokeepforfouryears,untilthenexttournament.
Forthe2008tournament,theHenriDelaunayTrophywasremodelledtomake
itlarger,astheoldtrophywasovershadowedbyUEFA'sothertrophiessuchas
theEuropeanChampionClubs'Cup.Thenewtrophy,whichismadeofsterling
silver,nowweighs8kilograms(18lb)andis60centimetres(24in)tall,being
sevenincheslongerandonepoundheavierthantheoldone.Asmallfigure
jugglingaballonthebackoftheoriginalwasremoved,aswasthemarble
plinth.Thesilverbaseofthetrophyhadtobeenlargedtomakeitstable.The
namesofthewinningcountriesthathadappearedontheplinthhavenowbeen
engravedonthebackofthetrophy.[62]
UEFAEuropean
ChampionshipTrophy
Theplayersandcoachesofthewinningteamsandrunnerupteamsareawardedgoldandsilvermedals,
respectively.Therunnerupteamreceivesaplaque.Thoughtherewasnothirdplaceplayoff,UEFAdecided
inthe2012editiontoawardthesemifinallosers(GermanyandPortugal)bronzemedalsforthefirst
time.[63]Bronzemedalswerepreviouslyawardedforwinnersofthethirdplaceplayoff,thelastofwhich
washeldin1980.
Format
Thecompetition
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Before1980,onlyfourteamsqualifiedforthefinaltournament.From1980,eightteamscompeted.In1996
thetournamentexpandedto16teams,sinceitwaseasierforEuropeannationstoqualifyfortheWorldCup
thantheirowncontinentalchampionship14ofthe24teamsatthe1982,1986and1990WorldCupshad
beenEuropean,whereastheEuropeanChampionshipfinalsstillinvolvedonlyeightteams.
For2016,thecompetitionwillincreaseto24teams.In2007,therewasmuchdiscussionaboutan
expansionofthetournamentto24teams,startedbyScotlandandtheRepublicofIreland,duetothe
increasednumberoffootballassociationsinEuropeafterthebreakupsofCzechoslovakia,Yugoslaviaand
theSovietUnion,andtheinclusionofIsraelandKazakhstan.ThenewpresidentofUEFA,MichelPlatini,
wasreportedtobeinfavourofexpansionwhichprovedanaccurateassumption.Whilston17April2007,
UEFA'sExecutiveCommitteeformallydecidedagainstexpansionin2012,PlatiniindicatedinJune2008
thatUEFAwillincreaseparticipationfrom16to24teamsinfuturetournaments,startingfrom2016.[64]On
25September,itwasannouncedbyFranzBeckenbauerthatanagreementhadbeenreached,andthe
expansionto24teamswouldbeofficiallyannouncedthenextday.[65]
Thecompetingteamsarechosenbyaseriesofqualifyinggames:in1960and1964throughhomeandaway
playoffsfrom1968throughacombinationofbothqualifyinggroupsandplayoffgames.Thehostcountry
wasselectedfromthefourfinalistsaftertheyweredeterminedthroughqualifying.
Sincetheexpansionofthefinaltournamentstartingfrom1980,thehostcountry,orcountries,havebeen
chosenbeforehandandqualifyautomatically.
Qualifying
Inordertoqualify,ateammustfinishinoneofthequalifyingspotsorwinaplayoff.Afterthis,ateam
proceedstothefinalsroundinthehostcountry,althoughhostsqualifyforthetournamentautomatically.
ThequalifyingphasebeginsintheautumnaftertheprecedingFIFAWorldCup,almosttwoyearsbefore
thefinals.
ThegroupsforqualificationaredrawnbyaUEFAcommitteeusingseeding.Seededteamsincludereigning
champions,andotherteamsonthebasisoftheirperformanceintheprecedingFIFAWorldCupqualifying
andthelastEuropeanChampionshipqualifying.Toobtainanaccurateviewoftheteamsabilities,aranking
isproduced.Thisiscalculatedbytakingthetotalnumberofpointswonbyaparticularteamanddividingit
bythenumberofgamesplayed,i.e.pointspergame.Inthecaseofateamhavinghostedoneofthetwo
previouscompetitionsandthereforehavingqualifiedautomatically,onlytheresultsfromthesinglemost
recentqualifyingcompetitionareused.Iftwoteamshaveequalpointspergame,thecommitteethenbases
theirpositionsintherankingson:
1.Coefficientfromthematchesplayedinitsmostrecentqualifyingcompetition.
2.Averagegoaldifference.
3.Averagenumberofgoalsscored.
4.Averagenumberofawaygoalsscored.
5.Drawingoflots.
Thequalifyingphaseisplayedinagroupformat,thecompositionofthegroupsisdeterminedthrough
meansofadrawofteamsfrompredefinedseededbowls.ThedrawtakesplaceaftertheprecedingWorld
Cup'squalifyingcompetition.ForUEFAEuro2012,thegroupqualifyingphaseconsistsofninegroupssix
ofsixteamsandtheremainderoffiveteamseach.
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5/7/2016
Eachgroupisplayedinaleagueformatwithteamsplayingeachotherhomeandaway.Teamstheneither
qualifyforthefinaltournamentortofurtherplayoffsdependingontheirpositioninthegroup.Aswith
mostleagues,thepointsareawardedasthreeforawin,oneforadraw,andnoneforaloss.Inthe
eventualityofoneormoreteamshavingequalpointsafterallmatcheshavebeenplayed,thefollowing
criteriaareusedtodistinguishthesides:
1.Highernumberofpointsobtainedinthegroupmatchesplayedamongtheteamsinquestion.
2.Superiorgoaldifferencefromthegroupmatchesplayedamongtheteamsinquestion.
3.Highernumberofgoalsscoredinthegroupmatchesplayedamongtheteamsinquestion.
4.Highernumberofgoalsscoredawayfromhomeinthegroupmatchesplayedamongtheteamsin
question.
5.Resultsofallgroupmatches:
1.Superiorgoaldifference
2.Highernumberofgoalsscored
3.Highernumberofgoalsscoredawayfromhome
4.Fairplayconduct.
6.Drawingoflots.
Finaltournament
Sixteenteamsprogressedtothefinaltournamentforthe2012tournament.TheywerejointhostsPoland
andUkraine,thewinnersandthehighestrankedsecondplacedteamfromtheninequalifyinggroupsas
wellasthewinnersoffourplayoffmatchesbetweentherunnersupoftheothergroups.Thesesixteen
teamsweredividedequallyintofourgroups,A,B,CandD,eachconsistingoffourteams.Thegroups
weredrawnupbytheUEFAadministration,againusingseeding.Theseededteamsbeingthehostnations,
thereigningchampions,subjecttoqualification,andthosewiththebestpointspergamecoefficientsover
thequalifyingphaseofthetournamentandthepreviousWorldCupqualifying.Otherfinalistswere
assignedtobymeansofadraw,usingcoefficientsasabasis.
Forthe2016tournament,theexpansionto24teamsmeansthattheteamswillbedrawnintosixgroupsof
four,withthesixgroupwinners,sixgrouprunnersupandthefourbestthirdplacedteamsadvancingtothe
roundof16whenitbecomesaknockoutcompetition.[66]
Thegroupsareagainplayedinaleagueformat,whereateamplaysitsopponentsonceeach.Thesame
pointssystemisused(threepointsforawin,onepointforadraw,nopointsforadefeat).Aschedulefor
thegroupmatcheswillbedrawnup,butthelasttwomatchesinagroupmustkickoffsimultaneously.The
winnerandrunnerupofeachgroupprogressestothenextround,whereaknockoutsystemisused(thetwo
teamsplayeachotheronce,thewinnerprogresses),thisisusedinallsubsequentroundsaswell.The
winnersofthequarterfinalsmatchesprogresstothesemifinals,wherethewinnersplayinthefinal.Ifin
anyoftheknockoutrounds,thescoresarestillequalafternormalplayingtime,extratimeandpenaltiesare
employedtoseparatethetwoteams.UnliketheFIFAWorldCup,thistournamentnolongerhasathird
placeplayoff.
Future
Bidsforfuturetournaments
7/14
5/7/2016
On28May2010,UEFAannouncedthatEuro2016willbehostedbyFrance.FrancebeatbidsofTurkey
(76invotinginsecondvotinground)andItaly,whichhadtheleastvotesinfirstvotinground.[67]UEFA
Euro2016willbethefirsttohave24teamsinthefinals.[68]ThiswillbethethirdtimeFrancehavehosted
thecompetition.
Forthe2020tournamentthreebidshadbeenproposed,includingabidfromTurkey,[69]ajointbidfromthe
RepublicofIreland,ScotlandandWales,[70]andajointbidfromGeorgiaandAzerbaijan.[71]InDecember
2012,however,UEFAannouncedthatthe2020tournamentwouldbehostedinseveralcitiesinvarious
countriesacrossEurope.[72]
Results
8/14
5/7/2016
Year
Final
Host
1960
Details
France
1964
Details
Spain
1968
Details
Italy
1972
Details
Belgium
1976
Details
Yugoslavia
1980
Details
Italy
Year
Winner
Score
Runnerup
Thirdplace
SovietUnion
21
aet
Yugoslavia
Czechoslovakia
20
21
SovietUnion
Hungary
31
aet
11aet
20
replay
Yugoslavia
England
20
30
SovietUnion
Belgium
21
Netherlands
32
aet
Spain
Italy
WestGermany
22aet
Czechoslovakia (53)ps
WestGermany
1988
Details
1992
Details
England
2000
Details
Belgium&
Netherlands
2004
Details
Portugal
2008
Details
Austria&
Switzerland
2012
Details
Poland&
Ukraine
2016
Details
France
West
Germany
Belgium
20
Spain
20
SovietUnion
20
Germany
Netherlandsand
Germany
21
asdet
Czech
Republic
Englandand
France
21
asdet
Denmark
Greece
Spain
Spain
Italy
Denmark
SovietUnion
Hungary
Yugoslavia
Italy
Losingsemifinalists[n2]
Runnerup
Netherlands
France
11[n1]
Czechoslovakia (98)ps
Score
France
Sweden
1996
Details
2020
Details
Winner
France
West
Germany
21
Final
Host
1984
Details
Number
of
Score Fourthplace teams
Thirdplacematch
Denmarkand
Italyand
Portugal
WestGermany
Netherlandsand
Sweden
France
Portugal
4
4
4
4
4
8
Number
of
teams
8
8
8
16
16
10
Portugal
CzechRepublicand
Netherlands
16
10
Germany
Russiaand
Turkey
16
Portugal
16
40
Pan
European
Italy
Germanyand
24
24
aetafterextratime
9/14
5/7/2016
asdetaftersuddendeathextratime
psafterpenaltyshootout
Notes
1.Noextratimeplayed.
2.Nothirdplacematchhasbeenplayedsince1984losingsemifinalistsarelistedinalphabeticalorder.
Finalists
Mapofwinners.Germany:twiceasWestGermanyandonce
asunitedGermany,RussiaasSovietUnionandCzech
RepublicasCzechoslovakia
Team
Winners
Runnersup
Finalists
Germany
3(19721,19801,1996) 3(19761,1992,2008)
Spain
3(1964*,2008,2012) 1(1984)
France
2(1984*,2000)
SovietUnion
Italy
1(1960)
3(1964,1972,1988)
1(1968*)
2(2000,2012)
1(1996)
CzechRepublic 1(19762)
Netherlands
1(1988)
Denmark
1(1992)
Greece
1(2004)
Yugoslavia
2(1960,1968)
Belgium
1(1980)
Portugal
1(2004*)
10/14
5/7/2016
*hosts
1asWestGermany
2asCzechoslovakia
Recordsandstatistics
Seealso
Footballcontinentalchampionships
NationalteamappearancesintheUEFAEuropeanChampionship
ListofUEFAEuropeanChampionshipgoalscorers
UEFAEuropeanChampionshipTeamsoftheTournament
UEFAWomen'sChampionship
UEFAEuropeanUnder21Championship
UEFAEuropeanChampionshipmascot
UEFANationsLeague,aproposedtournamentstartingin2018
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