Alphabet

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Capital
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J

Small
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j

Example
apple
bear
car
duck
egg
fig
gas
hello
ice cream
jeep

kilo

lamp

mug

nose

orange

pear

queen

rat

soup

tea
1

2
1
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
5
2
6

umbrella

vase

window

fox

yoghurt

zoo

Kinds of Letters
Vowels
a i e o - u

consonants
the rest

Vowel Letters
Aa

Ee
Ii
Oo
Uu

father - hard
cat - rat
late - bake
calendar
pen - men
pin -tin
ice cream - item
dog - blood
foot - took
more - tore
unit - university
-utility
turn burn
umbrella unhappy
cut - but

( )
( )

( )

( )

Consonant Letters
Letter
Bb
Cc
Cc
Dd
Ff
Gg
Gg
Hh

=

not followed by (i - e - y )
=
followed by (i - e - y )=

( )
( )

Examples
back boy - bar
cat clip - camera
city center - cycle
duck dinner - doll
food fly - foot
game - go - get
gym - magic -huge
hello - happy - hi

Jj
Kk
Ll
Mm
Nn
Pp
Qq
Rr
Ss
Ss
Ss

( )

Ss

Tt

Vv
Ww
Xx
Yy
Zz

jail - jeep- jar

kite - kill - Makka
lamp- light - lemon
more - man -move
no - nice - night
pink - pull - peach
queen - quiz -quickly
rabbit - rice - read
soon - speak - eats
is- plays - music
usually - television
-decision
sugar sure tension
take - time tomorrow
video - vase movie
wax - window - well
fix - mix - box
yesterday- you - yes
zoo - zone zebra

Sounds of Letters

(1)
Soft and hard ( C )
Soft ( C )
Hard ( C )

followed by (i - e y )=
not followed by (i - e
4

cereal acid - cymbal

couple - become - picnic

column
sincere
fancy
common
frolic
cellar
decide

- y )=
Exercises
second
center
music
compare
collar
since
city
commit
celebrity
decline
crowd
recommend
counter
capital

electric
pencil
continent
acute
ceremony
control
cyber

(2)
S

s
person
please
system
measure
kiss
vision
erosion

--
-

soon -speak eats

is - plays music
sugar sure tension
usually - television
-decision

Exercises
symbol
invasion
impression
museum
expansion
insurance
pause
quizzes
lose
leisure
because
fusion
admission
sentence

desert
busy
compassion
most
loose
suggest
decision

(3)
th

th
these

think smooth thunder

the mother - leather

Exercises
fifth
clothes
5

thus

mother
think
feather
then
thief
with

smooth
thunder
further
thin
theory
weather

third
breathe
myth
rather
through
thumb

neither
breath
labyrinth
thank
though
theatre

(4)
tu

tu
adventure
capture
furniture
miniature
puncture
structure
vulture

future mixture lecture

Exercises
agriculture
nature
culture
creature
gesture
manufacture
fortune
pasture
punctual
texture
temperature
torture

feature
departure
signature
picture
sculpture
venture

(5)
Ch

Ch
rich
hatch
chest
chimney
zucchini
chord
chores

chair change cheap

chef cache - mustache
school mechanic
character

Exercises
which
chameleon
chemical
stretch
scheme
machine
chart
ache
parachute
psychology
chrome
peach
chagrin
brochure

chivalry
chasm
charade
cheat
stomach
chaise
chaos

(6)
K ck - que

k ck que
speck
Greek
think
token
kayak
cracker

keep brook kite

stick ticket block
mosque technique
torque

Exercises
kangaroo
critique
buckle
snack
stick
buck
rocker
locket
luck
took
mistake
mystique
7

thick
deck
opaque
kite
chuckle
stuck

pocket

flicker

shipwreck

socket

(7)

g gh
gdge
gopher
ridge
dodge
binge
stranger
vegetable
arrange

g - gh - dge
goat girl ignore
)
ghost aghast ghastly
(
gym - magic -huge
fudge lodge - pledge

)
(

Exercises
gear
geode
gallop
germ
gather
drag
budge
twig
ghetto
gem
budget
engine
challenge
dangerous

magnet
gauge
gate
badge
gifted
glisten
aghast

(8)
sh ci ti

sh ci
ti
shore
associate
racial
shrimp
social

shape she shell

special musician facial
location invention
initial
Exercises
appreciate
ambition
shoot
shrink
station
location
partial
musician
shy
electrician
ship
financial
spacious
tradition
technician

delicious
direction

mushroom
ofcial

splash
physician

information
brush

(9)
f- ff ph - gh

f - ff - ph
- gh
alphabet
trough
coffee
phrase
prophet
geography
cough

forest - fine - fall

staff different - puff
phone pharmacy - photo
enough cough laugh
Exercises
fantastic
future
nephew
telephone
emphasis
affect
orphan
bluff
apostrophe
afford
fluffy
hyphen
sophisticated
off
elephant
muffler
differ
rough
laughter
trophy
tough

(10)
ai - ay ey ea - ei

ai -ay
ey ea ei
remain
away
pay
gain
eight

rain pain wait

day hay lay
they survey convey
great break swear
sleigh beige - freight

Exercises
delay
raise
claim
birthday
obey
steak
convey
brain
fair
essay
9

display
complain
vein
pear
neighbor

drain
purvey

sail
sway

whey
e-mail

contain
bait

(11)
ee ea
ei - ie
flee
clean
receive
thief
brief
belief
seat

ee ea ei - ie
sweet feet meet
meat feast beast
either being caffeine
field - belief
Exercises
creak
peel
steam
deep
heat
deceive
cease
geese
hygiene
queen
cream
shield
creep
cheat
defeat
bee
beneath
steer
weak
week
ceiling

(12)
oa oe ow

oa oe
ow
woe
roast
board
know
show
toast

coat boat loaf

toe roe woe
minnow owner borrow
Exercises
load
approach
moat
grow
tiptoe
blow
oboe
crow
yellow
row
abroad
brow
flow
window
toad
meadow
sparrow
doe

10

road
loan

tow
coat

loaf
floe

float
elbow

(13)
oo

oo
balloon
wood
bamboo
goose
fool
spoon
cookies

moon proof - igloo

cook book - took

blood flood

Exercises
foot
hoof
motherhood
stood
zoo
boot
spool
troop
shook
cool
loose
shoot
hood
shampoo
crook
bloom
bloom
root
booth
good
balloon

11

Silent Letter(s)
(1)
e

late rate

ride
like
rate
bite
cage
bake
lose

write
drive
dune
hide
time
come
nose

Exercises
complete
smile
brave
skate
name
plane
crime

live
gate
late
stove
cake
leave
code

(2)
gh

gh
thought
through
neighbor
naughty
doughnut
bough

night light bought

high sigh thigh

Exercises
might
drought
though
right
tight
caught
daughter
slaughter
taught
bought
plough
flight
12

fight
straight
dough
nigh
weigh
weight

(3)
kn

kn
Knuckle
Kneel
Knob
Knack

knee - knight

k =

Exercises
Knock
Knapsack
Know
Knife
knoll
Knot

Knead
Knit
Knowledge

(4)
wr

wr
Wrack
Wrath
Wrist
Wriggle

w =

write - wrong

Exercises
Wrangle
Wrap
Wreck
Wren
Wrestle
Wrinkles
Wright
Wroth

Wreath
Wrench
Wring
Wry

(5)
b

b
climb
womb
limb

lamb bomb - comb

Exercises
crumb
dumb
tomb
plumb

(6)
13

thumb
numb

wh

wh

H =
W =

when
whether
whirl
whelm

what where
who - whole

Exercises
whack
which
why
whither
wharf
wheel
whey
while

whale
whap
wheat
whip

(7)
gn

gn

n =

arraign
design
gnarl

sign resign - gnome

Exercises
assign
campaign
reign
foreign
gnash
gnaw

cosign
gnat
gnu

Grammar
Lesson One - Nouns and Subject Pronouns
Subject

Nouns
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Pronouns
I
He

()

She

( )

It

)
(

We
They

You
Exercises:-

Sami My father That

little boy
Sara my mother
the girl
the cat the car
you and I = Sami and I
the students the children
the cars
the dogs

you and Sami

What is the subject pronouns of the following nouns:1-My mother is a very old woman. (..)
2-This car is so nice. (.)
3-Cats are nice animals. (..)
4-My brother is a famous doctor. (.)
5-My friend and I are Saudi. (.)
6-SamiandAli are good friends. (.)
7-Mycomputer is new. (.)
8-Sami and hisfriend are in London. (.)
9-Sara is my daughter. (.)
10Our teacher is very good. (.)
11My friend and his sistertravel every year. (.)
12All the students and Iare in the class. (.)
13You and Iare not happy today. (.)
14The girlsare in the party. (.)
15Carsare so expensive in Saudi Arabia. (.)

Verb to Be
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Subjec
Verb to Be
Presen
Past
t
t
Prono
un
I

He
She

a
m wa
is s

It
You
We
They

ar wer
e e

Example

I am at home now.
I was at home yesterday.

He is happy now.
He was happy yesterday.
She is hungry now.
She was hungry yesterday.
It is under the car now.
It was under the car yesterday.
You are at home now.
You were t home yesterday.
We are in the class now.
We were in the class yesterday.

They are good now.

They were good yesterday.

Exercises:-

1-Choose the suitable verb to be:( am is are was were )

1-

The children noisy yesterday.

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2The teachers in the school now.

3I . scared yesterday.
4I . in Paris now.
5My mother . in the kitchen
yesterday.
6The mechanic . in the workshop
now.
7Sara beautiful today.
8That baby so nice yesterday.
9You . bad today.
10- You . smart yesterday
11- My car . in the workshop last week.
12- The cat . in the garden now.
13- Sami and I .friends last year.
14- We .. in the restaurant now.
15- My brothers asleep.

2-Choose the suitable word:

( I he you )
1-..was late.
2- .were married.
3- are Mohammed.
4- ..is a doctor.
5- .were married.
6- .. am so tired.
7- . are my friends.
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8- were so cute.

Verb to Be Contractions

Verb to
Be
am

Contracti
on
m

is

are
Am not
is not

r
isnt

are not

arent

Examples
Im so happy today.
Hes Sami.
Samis here.
Theyre students.
He isnt in the class.\ Hes not in
the class.
We arent hungry. \ Were not
hungry.

Exercises:-

1abcde-

Write the suitable contraction:She is a good teacher.

----------------------------They are not in Jeddah.
----------------------------We are at the airport now.
---------------------------He is not a driver.
--------------------------I am nervous.
18

f-

---------------------------He is my father.
----------------------------

ghij-

I am not American.
------------------------It is my new car.
---------------------------You are very slow.
--------------------------They are from Iran.
--------------------------

Verb to Be + Nouns

1-Sami is a doctor.
2-My father is Sami.
3-That little boy is a student.
4-We are girls.
5-Jeddah is a city.
6-All the doctors are men.
7- You are Sami.
8-I am a teacher.

Verb to Be + Adjectives
1-I am happy.
2-You are short.
3-Sami and I are sad.
4-My students are smart.
5-My father is tall.

Verb to Be + Noun + Adjectives

1-I am a good man.

2-My mother is a nice woman.
3-London is a noisy city.
4-We are smart students.
5-My friends are good guys.
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Questions and Answers with Verb to Be

Wh- Questions
Wh-word
What Where When

Verb to Be
am is - are

Subject
I-he-she-it-you-wethey

Examples:a- Where is he?

He is at home.
b- Where are they?
They are at school.
c- Where am I?
You are at the beach.
d- Where are you?
I am in the supermarket.

Yes,No Questions
Verb to Be

Subject

Am Is - Are

I-he-she-it-you-wethey

Examples:-

a- Is he at home?
20

Place-NounAdjective
At home boy short

Yes, he is.
No, he is not (isnt).
Yes, he is (hes) at home.
No, he is not (isnt) at home.
b- Are they at school?
Yes, they are.
No, they are not (arent).
Yes, they are (theyre) at school.
No, they are not (arent) at school.
c- Am I at the beach?
Yes, you are.
No, you are not (arent).
Yes, you are (youre) at the beach.
No, they are not (arent) at the beach.
d- Are you in the supermarket?
Yes, I am.
No, I am (Im) not.
Yes, I am (Im) in the supermarket.
No, I am (Im) not in the supermarket.

Exercises:1-Give short answers for the following questions :

a-Is Sami writing now?
--------------------------b- Was your father in London last year?
-----------------------------------------------c- Were the players in the playground in the morning?
------------------------------------------------d- Are the ducks swimming now?
---------------------------------------e-Are you happy?
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-----------------------f- Am I talking much?

--------------------------g- Was I very noisy?
--------------------------h- Were you at home yesterday?
--------------------------------2-Answer the following questions:a-Why is the baby crying?
Because .. . hungry.
b- What are you eating?
. . eating a sandwich.
c- What am I watching?
. watching a movie.
d- What are you reading?
. reading a story.
e-Where were you yesterday?
at work.
f- What was your friend reading?
.. . reading a story.
g- What was I eating?
. . eating some rice.
h- Where were the animals?
.. . in the barn.
i- Where was your cat playing?
.............. .. playing in the living room.
j- Where are your books?
.. in the bag.

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