Battery Circuit

IGNATION CIRCUIT
The Ignition system consists of magneto assembly, ignition lock, AC Digital CDI unit (Alternating Circuit Capacitor Discharge
Ignition unit), ERCU (Electronic Control Unit) TPS (Throttle Position Sensor), Ignition coil assembly and a spark plug.
The Voltage produced in the source coil is connected to the CDI which will activate the ignition coil
The CDI is equipped in the source coil is connected to the CDI which will activate the ignition coil.
The CDI is equipped with a microcontroller which gives the input to the ignition coil primary winding. When the ignition switch is
turned ON and vehicle stored, AC voltage passes to the digital CDI. A black white earth wire (BW) from common junction is
connected to digital CDI.
The pulsar coil produces the signals whenever the pip in the magneto periphery passes. Based on the signals, the microcontroller will
give input to the primary winding (thicker turns in the coil) of ignition coil where voltage will collapse in fraction of seconds. This in
turn develops high voltage across the secondary winding (thinner turns in the coil) of ignition coil due to mutual induction. This high
voltage is given to sparkplug through HT lead of ignition coil. The ignition coil is earthed through a black white wire.

The TPS is fitted below the fuel tank and is operated through throttle cable. TPS has a slider over the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) that
has variable.
Precautions: 1) When connecting terminals to the battery, connect the negative terminal last
2) If any terminal is found corroded, remove the battery pour the warm water over it and clean with wire brush
3) Apply the petroleum jelly on the terminals after the completion of the connection and cover positive terminal with the boot.
4) DC Machines: - Dc machine is a highly versatile energy conversion device. It can meet the demand of loads requiring high
starting torques, high accelerating and decelerating torques. At the same time, DC machine is easily adaptable for drives.
a) The constructional diagram is as shown in figure.
Generator and Motor are said to be DC Machines.
Circuit Model of DC Machine: In DC machines all parallel paths in the armature are Symmetrical.
DC Shunt Motor : For constant Supply voltage the field current is constant. At small values of armature current the demagnetizing
effect of armature reaction is almost negligible and therefore the air gap flux is unaffected. For larger values of armature currents,
the demagnetizing effect of armature reaction decreases the air gap flux slightly.
Wm = Ea/Ka
Ea = Vt Ia ra
Wm = Vt Ia ra / Ka
Speed Current Characteristics: - For constant supply voltage Vf and constant field current If, the motor Speed is affected by Ia Ra
drop and demagnetizing effect of armature reaction. With increase of Ia, Voltage drop Ia Ra increase as and the numerator (Vt Ia
ra) decreases therefore the motor Speed tends to decrease. Torque Current characteristics : - The expression Te = Ka Ia Ra
reveals that if the flux is constant in the DC shunt motor, torque would be increase linearly with armature currents.
Speed torque characteristics : - The speed torque characteristics is also called as mechanical characteristic and under steady
state conditions.This means speed drops more rapidly with the increase of torque in the shunt motor. Because of shunt motor
characteristics shunt motor is best fitted for the electric two-wheeler.

Assume the highest speed is 22/7x 18 = 0.5657m

Rating of the wheel = 50x 103/ 0.567 x 60 = 1473.10 rpm
The motor speed with gear ratio 5.09: 1 = 7500 rpm

Sl.No
1
2
3

5
6

(7500 is the maximum rpm of motor)

O/P power = 2 IIN /60 x torque
5500 = 2 II (7500) / 60 x torque.
Torque = 5500 /785. 398 = 7.003 N-m
COST ANALYSIS
Equipment
Cost (Rs) S.No.
Battery (72 V, 100A)
6,600.00 1
Motor
6,600.00 2
Transmission
3
i)Ideal gear
168.50 4
ii) Gear lever
132.00 5
iii) Gear shaft
188.90 6
iv) Camgear shift
194.50 7
v) Shift counter
297.77 8
Electricals
i) Mageneto
300.00
ii) Head lamp
395.00
iii) Tail Lamp
130.00
iv) Break Lamp
30.00
v) Horn
150.00
vi) Battery (12v, 50 A)
550.00
Generator
2,200.00
Wheels
2,280.00
Total Cost :
20,016.00
- : ADVANTAGES: -

WEIGHT ANALYSIS
Equipment
Battery
Motor
Generator
Transmission equipments
Electricals
Wheels
Seats
Total Weight

Weight (Kg)
10
6
1.1/2
25
25
25
2
94.1/2

The electric two wheeler has so many advantages over a two wheeler. One should assign the great advantages of electrical two
wheelers those are:1) Save money (cheap cost) 2) Save environment (No pollution) 3) Save strength (less weight)
Coming to our first advantages save money, it is already cleared in the cost analysis, as engine,

Silencer, oil tank are replaced by Motor, Generator, battery. Hence it is a nice offer to consumer.
In common two wheelers are running with fuel (Petroleum), commonly used engine is four engines. The working method of
four stroke engine is as mentioned below:The 4 stroke engine contains four stages
1) Suction
2) Compression
3) Power
4) Exhaust.
When air comes in to the cylinder the piston is ready to move downwards. In the suction stage the air contains pressure,
when the piston move down wards the pressure of the air increases now it is in compression stage. These two stages are
considered as two strokes when the air contains high pressure, it is in power stage our will Brunt. The burned air is considered
as smoke it will come out from the silencer in exhaust. Stage.
These four stages are changing in cyclic order. This is the working principle of common two wheelers. The smoke
contains dangerous gas (co) which affects the zone. But electric two wheelers does not consists smoke. Hence no pollution.
Third advantages is save strength at present all vehicles are available 200 -300 kgs but electric two wheeler is less
weight vehicle consisting up to 100 kgs. The electric start will be there hence the consumer strength will be saved.
DISADVANTAGES
The battery continuously charges with generator. But there is no guarantee for Vehicle to have a high speed Means (0 40 KMPH)
with in 10 seconds. 72 V. 100 A battery takes more place so seat size will be reduced. It is complex to maintain electric two
wheeler.
REFERENCES
www.google.com
www.bajajauto.com
www.tvsvictor.com
Some important matter is collected from Sri Rama Engineering Co., Mahabubnagar.
Books : - Electric Machinery, Bhimra, Thereja.
APPENDIX

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Maximum power
Torque
Drive

:
:
:

7.5 (bhp) or 5.5 Kw

7.00 Nm
Automatic CVT with torque sensor

Electricals : I. Magneto
II. Head Lamp
III. Tail Lamp
IV. Brake Lamp
V. Horn
VI. Battery

:
:
:
:
:
:

12V, 50W
12V, 35 W
12V, 5 W
12 V, 10 W
12 DC type
12 V 5 Ah

Dimensions & Weight : i)

ii)
iii)
iv)

Tyre
Tyre
Wheel base
Weight

(Front)
(Rear)

Battery: Battery

2.75 x 18 Cm
3.0 x 18 Cm.
1220 mm
100 kg
:

72 V, 100A
CLUTCH
Standard

1. Lever clutch free play at lever eng.

2. Plate clutch drive thickness
3. Plate Clutch driven distortion

10 15
2.90 3.10
--

Service limit
2.60

--

9.30

4. Plate Clutch driven distortion

5. Spring Clutch free length

--32.00

0.10
31.50

Transmission
Service limit
3.722 (67/18)
2.857 (40/14)

1. Primary reduction ratio

2. Final reduction ratio
3. Gear Ratios
First gear
Second gear
Third gear
Fourth gear

3.273
1.750
1.283
0.958

(36/11)
(40/14)
(26/21)
(23/24)

Standard
1. Drive Chain

254.00
2. Drive Chain Slack

Service limit
259.40

20.30

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