Coalinformation PDF

IEA
STATISTICS
Please note that this PDF is subject to

specific restrictions that limit its use and
distribution. The terms and conditions are
available online at http://www.iea.org/
termsandconditionsuseandcopyright/
COAL
INFORMATION
2012
International
Energy Agency
COAL
INFORMATION
2012
Coal Information provides a comprehensive review of historical and current market
trends in the world coal sector, including 2011 preliminary data.
An Introduction, notes, definitions and auxiliary information are provided in Part I.
Part II of the publication provides a review of the world coal market in 2011, while
Part III provides a statistical overview of developments, which covers world coal
production and coal reserves, coal demand by type, coal trade and coal prices.
Part IV provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more detailed and comprehensive
statistical picture of historical and current coal developments in the 34 OECD
member countries, by region and individually. Part V provides for selected nonOECD countries summary statistics on coal supply and end-use statistics for about
40 countries and regions worldwide. Complete coal balances and coal trade
data for selected years are presented on 15 major non-OECD coal-producing and
-consuming countries.
Coal Information is one of a series of annual IEA statistical publications on major
energy sources; other reports are Electricity Information, Natural Gas Information,
Oil Information and Renewables Information.
(61 2012 15 1 P1) e165

ISBN 978-92-64-17470-2
-:HSTCQE=V\Y\UW:
COAL
INFORMATION
2012
with 2011 data
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November1974.
Its primary mandate was and is two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member
countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative
research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 28 member
countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among
its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports.
The Agencys aims include the following objectives:
n Secure member countries access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular,
through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions.
n Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection
in a global context particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute
to climate change.
n Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of
energy data.
n Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies
and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy
efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.
n Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement and
dialogue with non-member countries, industry, international
organisations and other stakeholders.
OECD/IEA, 2012
International Energy Agency
9 rue de la Fdration
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
www.iea.org
IEA member countries:

Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea (Republic of)
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Please note that this publication

is subject to specific restrictions
that limit its use and distribution.
The terms and conditions are available online at
http://www.iea.org/termsandconditionsuseandcopyright/
The European Commission

also participates in
the work of the IEA.
COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I: INTRODUCTION
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... I.9
2. Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... I.11
Energy sources .................................................................................................................................................. I.11

Flows: energy balance ...................................................................................................................................... I.14
Units and conversions ....................................................................................................................................... I.16
3. Sources and notes .................................................................................................................................. I.19
General notes .................................................................................................................................................... I.19

Price data .......................................................................................................................................................... I.19
Quarterly energy statistics ................................................................................................................................ I.21
Data sources ...................................................................................................................................................... I.21
4. Country notes.......................................................................................................................................... I.23
5. Geographical coverage .......................................................................................................................... I.31
6. Abbreviations, conversion factors and calorific values ..................................................................... I.33
PART II: WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

1. World coal market review ....................................................................................................................... II.3
Summary........................................................................................................................................................... II.3
Production......................................................................................................................................................... II.4
Coal resources and reserves .............................................................................................................................. II.6
Consumption ..................................................................................................................................................... II.7
Trade ................................................................................................................................................................. II.9
CO2 emissions (2009) ..................................................................................................................................... II.15
2. Coal supply and investment prospects ............................................................................................... II.19
3. Will Fukushima boost coal demand? .................................................................................................. II.27
PART III: WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

Table 1.1:
Table 1.2:
Table 1.3:
Table 1.4:
Table 1.5:
Table 1.6:
World coal production (kt) ........................................................................................................... III.5

World coal production (ktce)........................................................................................................ III.7
World coking coal production (kt) ............................................................................................... III.9
World steam coal production (kt) ............................................................................................... III.10
World lignite production (kt)...................................................................................................... III.12
OECD production of coke oven coke (kt) .................................................................................. III.14
IEA/OECD, 2012
1. Production
I.4 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I
2. Consumption
Table 2.1:
Table 2.2:
Table 2.3:
Table 2.4:
Table 2.5:
Table 2.6:
Table 2.7:
World coal consumption (kt) ...................................................................................................... III.17

World coal consumption (ktce) .................................................................................................. III.20
World coking coal consumption (kt) .......................................................................................... III.23
World steam coal consumption (kt) ........................................................................................... III.25
World lignite consumption (kt) .................................................................................................. III.28
OECD consumption of coke oven coke (kt)............................................................................... III.30
Key energy and CO2 emissions data for OECD countries (2010) .............................................. III.31
3. Trade
Table 3.1: World and seaborne coal trade ................................................................................................... III.35

Table 3.2: World total coal trade ................................................................................................................. III.35
Table 3.3: World steam coal trade ............................................................................................................... III.36
Table 3.4: World coking coal trade ............................................................................................................. III.36
Table 3.5: World coal imports - regional aggregates................................................................................... III.37
Table 3.6: World sub-bituminous coal and lignite imports - regional aggregates ....................................... III.37
Table 3.7: World coal imports - selected countries ..................................................................................... III.38
Table 3.8: World sub-bituminous coal and lignite imports - selected countries.......................................... III.38
Table 3.9: World coking coal imports - regional aggregates ....................................................................... III.39
Table 3.10: World steam coal imports - regional aggregates ........................................................................ III.39
Table 3.11: World coking coal imports - selected countries ......................................................................... III.40
Table 3.12: World steam coal imports - selected countries ........................................................................... III.40
Table 3.13: OECD coke oven coke imports ................................................................................................. III.41
Table 3.14: World coal exports - regional aggregates .................................................................................. III.42
Table 3.15: World sub-bituminous coal and lignite exports - regional aggregates ....................................... III.42
Table 3.16: World coal exports - selected countries...................................................................................... III.43
Table 3.17: World sub-bituminous coal and lignite exports - selected countries .......................................... III.43
Table 3.18: World coking coal exports - regional aggregates ....................................................................... III.44
Table 3.19: World steam coal exports - regional aggregates ......................................................................... III.44
Table 3.20: World coking coal exports - selected countries .......................................................................... III.45
Table 3.21: World steam coal exports - selected countries ........................................................................... III.45
Table 3.22: OECD coke oven coke exports .................................................................................................. III.46
4. Prices
Table 4.1:
Table 4.2:
Table 4.3:
Table 4.4:
Table 4.5:
Table 4.6:
Table 4.7:
Table 4.8:
Table 4.9:
Japan coking coal import costs ................................................................................................... III.49

EU coking coal import costs from selected countries ................................................................ III.49
Japan steam coal import costs ................................................................................................... III.50
EU steam coal import costs from selected countries .................................................................. III.50
Steam coal export costs .............................................................................................................. III.51
Coking coal export costs ............................................................................................................ III.51
Coking coal prices for industry .................................................................................................. III.52
Steam coal prices for industry .................................................................................................... III.53
Steam coal prices for electricity generation ............................................................................... III.54
5. Coal for other uses
Table 5.1:
Table 5.2:
Table 5.3:
Table 5.4:
OECD coal-fired and total electricity generating capacity ......................................................... III.57

OECD coal use for electricity production and heat sold ............................................................ III.58
OECD coal use in coke ovens .................................................................................................... III.59
World consumption of pulverised coal injection (PCI) coals ..................................................... III.59
Figure 1:
Figure 2:
Figure 3:
Figure 4:
Figure 5:
World coal production ................................................................................................................ III.63

World steam and coking coal trade ............................................................................................ III.63
Coking coal price CIF Japan and CIF EU member states (US$/t) ............................................. III.64
Steam coal price CIF Japan and CIF EU member states (US$/t) ............................................... III.64
Steam coal price US FOB vs. US domestic (US$/t)................................................................... III.65
IEA/OECD, 2012
6. Figures
Figure 6:
Figure 7:
Figure 8:
Figure 9:
Figure 10:
Figure 11:
Figure 12:
Figure 13:
Figure 14:
Steam coal price CIF EU member states (US$/t) and US exports (Mt) ..................................... III.65
OECD total primary energy supply ............................................................................................ III.66
OECD coal consumption and indicators .................................................................................... III.66
Japan steam coal supply, imports, GDP annual growth rates ..................................................... III.67
EU member states steam coal supply, imports, GDP annual growth rates ................................. III.67
Coal production by region .......................................................................................................... III.68
Coal consumption by region....................................................................................................... III.68
Coal imports by region ............................................................................................................... III.69
Coal exports by region ............................................................................................................... III.69
PART IV: DETAILED OECD COAL DATA

Directory of part IV figures and tables ............. IV.3
OECD Total .......................................................... IV.5
OECD Americas ................................................. IV.15
OECD Asia Oceania ........................................... IV.24
OECD Europe ..................................................... IV.33
IEA Total ............................................................ IV.43
IEA Americas...................................................... IV.52
IEA Asia Oceania ............................................... IV.61
IEA Europe ......................................................... IV.70
Australia .............................................................. IV.79
Austria ................................................................. IV.88
Belgium ............................................................... IV.96
Canada............................................................... IV.105
Chile ................................................................. IV.114
Czech Republic ................................................. IV.122
Denmark ............................................................ IV.131
Estonia .............................................................. IV.140
Finland .............................................................. IV.148
France ................................................................ IV.156
Germany............................................................ IV.165
Greece ............................................................... IV.175
Hungary ............................................................. IV.183

Iceland ............................................................... IV.190
Ireland ................................................................ IV.197
Israel ................................................................. IV.205
Italy.................................................................... IV.212
Japan .................................................................. IV.220
Korea ................................................................. IV.228
Luxembourg ...................................................... IV.236
Mexico ............................................................... IV.243
Netherlands........................................................ IV.250
New Zealand...................................................... IV.260
Norway .............................................................. IV.269
Poland ................................................................ IV.277
Portugal ............................................................. IV.286
Slovak Republic ................................................ IV.295
Slovenia ............................................................ IV.302
Spain .................................................................. IV.312
Sweden .............................................................. IV.321
Switzerland ........................................................ IV.329
Turkey ............................................................... IV.336
United Kingdom ................................................ IV.343
United States...................................................... IV.352
PART V: NON-OECD COAL DATA

World coal supply and end-use statistics:
1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005 to 2010...... V.5
National coal balances and trade statistics:
Brazil ..................................................................... V.16
Bulgaria ................................................................. V.18
China, Peoples Republic of.................................. V.20
Chinese Taipei....................................................... V.24
Colombia ............................................................... V.26
Hong Kong, China ................................................ V.29

India ...................................................................... V.31
Indonesia .............................................................. V.33
Kazakhstan ........................................................... V.36
Romania................................................................ V.40
Russian Federation ............................................... V.42
South Africa ......................................................... V.45
Ukraine ................................................................. V.48
Venezuela ............................................................. V.52
Vietnam ................................................................ V.54
IEA/OECD, 2012
General notes ......................................................... V.3
IEA/OECD, 2012
PART I
IEA/OECD, 2012
INTRODUCTION
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA Coal Information 2012 is the latest edition of an

annual publication intended to provide sound market
information on coal to policy and market analysts and
those employed in all sectors of the coal industry.
Part IV provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more

detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of coal
developments in the 34 OECD member countries, by
region and individually.
This monitoring and reporting of historical trends and

current energy market situation provides a strong
foundation for policy and market analysis to better
inform the policy decision process toward selecting
policy instruments that are best suited to meet domestic and/or international objectives.
Part V provides for selected non-OECD countries

summary statistics on coal supply and end-use statistics for about 40 countries and regions worldwide.
Complete coal balances and coal trade data for selected years are presented for 15 major non-OECD
coal-producing and consuming countries.
IEA Coal Information 2012 brings together in one

volume, the basic statistics compiled by the IEA on
coal supply, consumption, trade and prices for both
member and non-member countries1. It also includes
information on coal by-products.
OECD data are taken from IEA/OECD databases of

Energy Statistics that are based on annual, quarterly
and monthly submissions from OECD Member countries to the Secretariat. The Energy Data Centre of the
IEA Secretariat works closely with national administration to secure consistency in all time series with
particular regard for IEA product definitions and reporting conventions. This effort is supplemented by
surveys of energy industry publications, national statistics reports and other material. The finalized data
provide the basis for IEA/OECD Energy Balances of
OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of OECD
Countries.
Part I provides important documentation that will

assist the reader in correctly using the data in this
publication and to understand the details of the statistical methodology and collection practices related
to the coal data. In addition, calorific values used for
preparing national energy balances and exchange
rates used for the reporting of prices in US dollars
are presented.
Part III provides the reference tables to the Part II review on coal production, consumption, trade and
prices.
The non-OECD data are based upon information

collected by the IEA Secretariat, official national
submissions to the United Nations in Geneva and
New York, and national energy publications. The
resulting synthesis is published in Energy Balances of
Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of NonOECD Countries. Users of this publication are
directed to the Methodology Section of those
publications for more detail on individual nonMember countries covered in the publication.
1. This publication is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty

over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and
boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. In addition,
the term country refers to a country or a territory, as the case may be.
OECD coal balances and statistics, including itemized

import and export data, are available on a CD-ROM,
along with world supply data. Information on ordering
the CD-ROM and other energy statistics publications
is available at the end of this book and on the IEA
website at http://www.iea.org.
Part II of the publication provides a review of world

coal market developments in 2010. It covers world
coal production and coal reserves, coal consumption
by type (total, steam, coking and lignite), steam and
coking coal trade and prices.
IEA/OECD, 2012
1. INTRODUCTION
Price data in Parts II, III and IV are derived from the
quarterly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Readers
should consult this IEA/OECD publication for detailed
information on methodology, data coverage and data
sources. Notes are available at: http://wds.iea.org/WDS/
tableviewer/document.aspx?FileId=1389.
In addition, a data service is available on the internet,
which provides unlimited access through an annual
subscription, as well as the possibility to obtain data
on a pay-per-view basis. Details are available at
http://data.iea.org.
Further information on reporting methodologies is
also available on the IEA Web site.
Annual energy data are collected by the Energy Data
Centre (EDC) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by
Mr. Jean-Yves Garnier. The IEA would like to thank
and acknowledge the dedication and professionalism
of the statisticians working on energy data in the
countries. OECD coal statistics in the EDC were the
responsibility of Mr. Julian Smith. Ms. Rachael
Hackney and Mr. Taejin Park contributed to Part II,
Part III and Part V and Mr. Tomasz Tru contributed to

Part III, Part IV and Part V of the book. Mr. Robert
Schnapp had overall responsibility for this publication.
Also in the IEA Secretariat, thanks are due to the
non-OECD Member countries section headed by
Mr. Pierre Boileau and to the OECD Balances section
headed by Ms. Karen Tranton.
Editorial and desktop publishing support from
Ms. Sharon Burghgraeve is also gratefully acknowledged.
Enquiries, comments and suggestions are welcome
and should be addressed to:
Robert Schnapp or Julian Smith
Energy Data Centre,
9, rue de la Fdration
75739 Paris Cedex 15
France
Telephone: (33) (1) 40 57 66 31 or 40 57 67 02
Telefax:
(33) (1) 40 57 66 49
E-mail:
coalaq@iea.org
Whats New?
Steam coal in previous editions consisted of anthracite, other bituminous coal, and in the case of 12 specific
countries, sub-bituminous coal. Starting in this edition, steam coal now includes sub-bituminous coal for all
countries.
Definitions of hard coal and brown coal remain unchanged. This means that hard coal is no longer calculable
by adding together steam coal and coking coal. To avoid confusion, trade in particular may refer to total coal,
which will be the sum of hard coal and brown coal, or anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, subbituminous coal and lignite.
Limited data for Kosovo and Montenegro are now available. The region previously called Latin America will
now be known as non-OECD Americas.
The OECD National Accounts has rebased the GDP and GDP PPP series from 2000 USD to 2005 USD. As a
result, those series and all associated ratios now refer to 2005 USD.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Due to reductions in budget, the IEA no longer has adequate resources to provide complete information on energy prices and taxes, so has had to suppress certain sections of Energy Prices and Taxes as of 1 January 2012.
As a result, some price series have not been updated in this edition of Coal Information. The IEA considered
it necessary to reduce the coverage of this publication in order to maintain the high quality of the remaining information in Energy Prices and Taxes and other publications. We are hopeful that we may be able to restore
these sections in the future if resources become available.
2. DEFINITIONS
Coal
Coal is a family name for a variety of solid organic
fuels and refers to a whole range of combustible
sedimentary rock materials spanning a continuous
quality scale. For convenience, this continuous series
is often divided into two main categories, which are
themselves divided into two subcategories:
Hard coal
Anthracite
Bituminous coal
- Coking coal
- Other bituminous coal
Brown coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
In cases where data are presented in Mtoe or Mtce in
this book and sourced to OECD/IEA Energy Balances,
the term Coal includes all primary coal types listed
above, peat, and coal products (patent fuel, coke oven
coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, gas
works gas, blast furnace gas, and oxygen steel furnace
gas).
Classifying different types of coal into practical categories for use at an international level is difficult for
two reasons:
Divisions between coal categories vary between classification systems, both national and international,
based on calorific value, volatile matter content, fixed
carbon content, caking and coking properties, or some
combination of two or more of these criteria.
Although the relative value of the coals within a particular category depends on the degree of dilution by
moisture and ash and contamination by sulphur,
chlorine, phosphorous and certain trace elements, these

factors do not affect the divisions between categories.
Coal quality can vary and it is not always possible to
ensure that the available descriptive and analytical
information is truly representative of the body of coal
to which it refers.
The International Coal Classification of the Economic
Commission for Europe (UNECE) recognises two
broad categories of coal:
i) Hard coal - Coal of gross calorific value not less
than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an ash-free but
moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of
vitrinite of at least 0.6.
ii) Brown coal - Non-agglomerating coal with a gross
calorific value less than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t)
containing more than 31% volatile matter on a dry
mineral matter free basis.
The IEA has adopted the basis of these definitions of
hard coal and brown coal in this book and in other
publications for presenting statistics relating to coal
production, trade and consumption.
It should be stressed that this classification system is
based on the inherent qualities of the coal in question
and not on the final use of the coal. In this way the
classification system attempts to be objective and
simple to apply.
Primary coal used in pulverised (or granular) coal
injection in blast furnaces is commonly abbreviated to
PCI (or GCI) coal. (In this book PCI includes GCI).
The IEA does not have a separate category for PCI as
the term defines a particular end-use for coal. In IEA
statistics, PCI is included in steam coal, except for
Japan and Korea, where it is included with coking
coal.
Data presented in this book may be different from that
presented in the national publications of individual
countries because the countries may have adopted a
different coal classification and reporting system that
IEA/OECD, 2012
Energy sources
better suits their particular national needs. As far as

possible, national coal statistics reported by the IEA in
this book and in other publications have been adjusted
to be consistent with the IEA definitions noted above.
Steam Coal
Furthermore, in order to improve the information base

for coal market analysis and projections, these two
categories of coal have been further sub-divided in
IEA/OECD Coal Statistics from 1978 as follows:
In prior years, all hard coals that were not coking coal
(including the sub-bituminous coal from the excepted
countries) were classed as steam coal. This also included by necessity countries (not listed) where subbituminous coal was unable to be separated from
other bituminous coal data for reporting purposes.
Hard coal is calculated as the sum of anthracite and

bituminous coals.
Anthracite is a high-rank, hard coal used mainly
for industrial and residential heat raising.
Bituminous coal is a medium-rank coal used for
gasification, industrial coking and heat raising and
residential heat raising. Bituminous coal that can
be used in the production of a coke capable of
supporting a blast furnace charge is known as coking coal.
Other bituminous coal, not included under coking
coal, is also commonly known as thermal coal.
Also included are recovered slurries, middlings
and other low-grade, higher-rank coal products not
further classified by type.
Note that for the following countries, hard coal also
includes sub-bituminous coal: Australia, Belgium,
Chile, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and the United States.
Except for these 12 countries, steam coal for all other
countries in the world is equivalent to the sum of anthracite and other bituminous coal.
Brown coal
Brown coal is calculated as the sum of subbituminous coal and lignite. Oil shale mined and
combusted directly is also currently reported as lignite. (Shale oil is reported as other hydrocarbons.)
Sub-bituminous coal: non-agglomerating coals
with a gross calorific value between 4 165 kcal/kg
(17.4 GJ/t) and 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an
ash-free but moist basis.
Lignite: non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t) on
an ash-free but moist basis.
Note that for 12 countries (listed above), subbituminous coal is included in hard coal, not brown
coal. Under current methodology, lignite data also
includes oil shale (but not shale oil).
For the Coal Information 2012 publication, the definition of steam coal was adjusted to include all subbituminous coals. This move was done to achieve
greater congruence with practical, formal and informal definitions of steam coal in the market and coal
industry at large.
The definitions of hard coal and brown coal remain
unchanged and consistent with the UNECE guidelines
above and InterEnerStat definitions, so hard coal can
no longer be calculated by adding steam coal data to
coking coal data.
Coal products
Derived solid fuels are products resulting from the
transformation or manufacturing of hard coal, brown
coal or other primary solid fuels, sometimes with the
addition of other materials.
Coke oven coke

Coke oven coke is the solid product obtained from the
carbonisation of coal, principally coking coal, at high
temperature. Semi-coke, the solid product obtained
from the carbonisation of coal at lower temperatures
is also included, along with coke and semi-coke made
from lignite.
Gas coke
Gas coke is a solid by-product of coal used for the
production of town gas in gas works. Gas coke is used
for heating purposes.
Patent fuel
Patent fuel is a composition fuel manufactured from
coal fines by shaping with the addition of a binding
agent such as pitch.
Brown coal briquettes (BKB)

BKB are composition fuels manufactured from brown
coal. The brown coal is crushed, dried and moulded
under high pressure into an even shaped briquette
IEA/OECD, 2012
Hard coal
Steam coal in this publication contains all anthracite,

other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal.
Coal tar
Coal tar is the liquid by-product of the destructive
distillation of bituminous coal to make coke in the
coke oven process. Coal tar can also be the result of
low-temperature carbonisation of brown coal. Coal tar
can be further distilled into different organic products
(e.g. benzene, toluene, naphthalene), which normally
would be reported as a feedstock to the petrochemical
industry.
Coke oven gas

Coke oven gas is obtained as a by-product of solid
fuel carbonisation and gasification operations carried
out by coke producers and iron and steel plants not
connected with gas works and municipal gas plants.
Gas works gas

Gas works gas covers all types of gas produced in
public utility or private plants, whose main purpose is
the manufacture, transport and distribution of gas. It
includes gas produced by carbonisation (including gas
produced by coke ovens and transferred to gas works),
by total gasification (with or without enrichment with
oil products) and by reforming and simple mixing of
gases and/or air. Note: Starting with the 2011 edition,
gas works gas is included with coal for the years 1990
and beyond. Before 1990, gas works gas is included
with natural gas.
Blast furnace gas

Blast furnace gas is obtained as a by-product in operating blast furnaces. It is recovered upon leaving the
furnace and used partly within the plant and partly in
other steel industry processes or used in power stations equipped to burn it.
Oxygen steel furnace gas

Oxygen steel furnace gas is obtained as a by-product
of the production of steel in an oxygen furnace; it is
recovered upon leaving the furnace. The gas is also
known as converter gas, LD gas or BOS gas.
Peat
A solid formed from the partial decomposition of
dead vegetation under conditions of high humidity
and limited air access (initial stage of coalification). It
is available in two forms for use as a fuel, sod peat
and milled peat. Milled peat is also made into
briquettes for fuel use. Peat is not considered a renewable resource as its regeneration period is long.
Coal resources and reserves

Quantifying mineable coal is based on a consideration
of geological, mining and economic criteria. The
amount of coal in place and, in some cases, the
amount of mineable coal is influenced by national
resource measurement criteria. The basis for computing these resources varies from country to country
and, therefore, it must be borne in mind that for this
reason, direct comparisons are sometimes not possible. During the 1990s, there was a considerable discussion on the adoption of internationally recognised
standards for reporting reserves. This largely stems
from the requirements of capital markets for improved
transparency in reserve estimation where project financing is being sought. However, to date there has
not been any adoption of international standards.
There are, however, some generally recognised definitions that can be applied.
Resources
Resources refer to the amount of coal that may be
present in a deposit or a coalfield. This does not take
into account the feasibility of mining the coal economically. Not all resources are recoverable using
current technology. Reserves constitute those resources that are recoverable.
Reserves
Reserves may be defined further in terms of proved
(or measured) reserves, and probable (or indicated)
reserves, based on exploration results and the degree
of confidence in those results. Probable reserves have
been estimated with a lower degree of confidence than
proved reserves. Estimates take account of coalfields
geological characteristics, in particular the regularity,
thickness and quality of seams, the spacing of exploration boreholes and other exposures, and geological
discontinuities such as faults or folding, all of which
affect the practical recoverability of the coal.
Proved reserves
Proved reserves are those reserves that are not only
confidently considered to be recoverable, but can also
be recovered economically under current market conditions. In other words, they take into account what
current mining technology can achieve, as well as the
economics of recovery (mining, transportation and
other relevant recovery costs, such as government
royalties, and coal prices). Proved reserves will,
IEA/OECD, 2012
without the addition of binders. Peat briquettes, dried

brown coke, fines and dust and brown coal breeze are
also included.
Heat and electricity

Data for electricity and heat includes disaggregated
data on inputs and outputs of combined heat and
power and on district heating. Data on heat became
available in different years for different countries and
thus aggregated country data should be used with caution. Total electricity production includes production
from both main activity producers (formerly known as
public) and autoproducers. Generally, the split of total
electricity production between main activity producers
and autoproducers is available only after 1973.
Flows: energy balance

Coal balances are presented in detail in Parts IV
and V. In Part IV, Table 5 presents uses in the rows
and selected years in the columns. Data is presented in
millions of tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce). One
tonne of coal equivalent is 7 million kilocalories.
Each table is divided into three main parts: the first
shows supply elements, the second shows the transformation processes and energy industries, and the
third shows final consumption broken down into various end-use sectors.
Both primary fuels such as coal and peat, and derived
fuels such as coke oven coke and blast furnace gas are
included in the calculations. However, derived products manifest themselves as positive outputs in the
relevant transformation process used to create them.
Generally they should be less than the inputs, which
result in a net negative entry in the transformation
flow. Given that this balance is restricted to coal and
associated products, inputs from other fuel types (such
as pitch for patent fuels, or oil, gas and renewable
inputs to blast furnaces) will not be recorded, nor will
electricity generated, both of which differ from a full
energy balance.
The energy balance flows detailed below have the
following functions, and may appear in other tables:
important to note that derived products such as coke

oven coke and patent fuel, while included in the balances, do not appear in production.
Imports and exports

Imports and exports comprise amounts having
crossed the national territorial boundaries of the country, whether or not customs clearance has taken place.
Coal in transit is not included.
Stock changes
Stock changes reflects the difference between opening
stock levels on the first day of the year and closing
levels on the last day of the year of stocks on national
territory held by producers, importers, energy transformation industries and large consumers. A stock
build is shown as a negative number and a stock draw
as a positive number. It is presented this way as this is
how it affects the domestic supply, as opposed to how
it describes the changes in stocks.
Total primary energy supply

Total primary energy supply (TPES) consists of production + imports - exports stock changes as an abstract concept. Given that exports and stock builds
both are represented as negative numbers, in reality
TPES = production + imports + exports + stock
changes.
Statistical differences
Statistical differences includes the sum of the unexplained statistical differences for individual fuels, as
they appear in the basic energy statistics. It also includes the statistical differences that arise because of
the variety of conversion factors in the coal and oil
columns. See the introduction to Energy Statistics of
OECD Countries for further details.
Transformation processes
Transformation processes record the transformation of
one kind of fuel or energy into another with both inputs and outputs being measured. This may bridge
several transformation processes. For instance:
Production
Coking coal used to manufacture coke oven coke

would be reported as a negative input to the coke
oven transformation process.
Production is the production of primary energy,

i.e. hard coal, brown coal, peat, shale oil, etc. Production is calculated after the removal of impurities. It is
The resulting coke oven coke, coal tar and coke

oven gas would be reported as a positive output to
the coke oven transformation process flow.
Supply
IEA/OECD, 2012
therefore, fluctuate according to economic conditions,

especially price.
The main transformation processes reported either

make a derived coal product or a by-product and have
been described earlier in the Energy sources section or
are mentioned below.
Electricity and heat generation

Electricity and heat generation can refer to electricity
plants, combined heat and power plants (CHP), or
heat plants. Both main activity producer1 and autoproducer2 plants are included here. Electricity plants are
plants which are designed to produce electricity only.
If one or more units of the plant is a CHP unit (and the
inputs and outputs cannot be distinguished on a unit
basis), then the whole plant is designated as a CHP
plant.
1. Main activity producer generate electricity and/or heat for sale to

third parties, as their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Note that the sale need not take place through the public
grid.
2. Autoproducer undertakings generate electricity and/or heat, wholly
or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary
activity. They may be privately or publicly owned.
Note that for autoproducer CHP plants, all fuel inputs

to electricity production are taken into account. However, only the part of the fuel inputs used to produce
the heat that is sold is shown. Fuel inputs for the production of heat that is consumed within the autoproducer's establishment are not included here but are
included in the final consumption of fuels in the
appropriate consuming sector.
Heat plants (including heat pumps and electric boilers) are designed to produce heat only, which is sold
to a third party under the provisions of a contract.
Heat pumps that are operated within the residential
sector, where the heat is not sold, are not considered a
transformation process and are not included here.
However, the electricity consumption appears as residential use.
Other transformation
Other transformation covers non-specified transformation and transformations not shown elsewhere,
such as coal liquefaction.
Energy industry own use

Energy industry own use contains the primary and
secondary energy consumed by transformation industries for heating, pumping, traction and lighting purposes [ISIC3 05, 06, 19 and 35, Group 091 and
Classes 0892 and 0721]. These quantities are shown
as negative figures. Included here is, for example,
own use of energy in coal mines.
Losses
Losses includes losses in gas distribution, flaring or
venting of manufactured gases, electricity transmission and coal transport.
Consumption
Total final consumption (TFC) is the sum of consumption by the different end-use sectors.
Industry consumption is specified in the following
sub-sectors. Note that energy used for transport by
industry is not included here but is reported under
transport.
3. International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic

Activities, Series M, No. 4 / Rev. 4, United Nations, New York, 2008.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Energy inputs from other sources, including electricity, will not be reported in this particular instance. Therefore, numbers may not be indicative of
true efficiencies, but rather map the flow of coal.
The coke oven coke will largely be used to produce pig-iron in a blast furnace. Therefore, it will
be reported where it is used and mainly as an input
to the blast furnace transformation process.
The by-product blast furnace gas will appear as an
output in the blast furnace transformation flow.
However, a significant amount of energy is lost in
the process of making the pig-iron, so the net
negative value in the blast furnace transformation
flow will tend to be approximately 60% of the total energy inputs.
The blast furnace gas (and coal tar and coke oven
gas) will likewise be reported where used. Some of
this will appear in the relevant consumption flows,
other parts might be used to generate electricity
and appear in electricity transformation.
In a complete energy balance, the electricity generated would be converted to the appropriate energy unit and reported as a positive output in the
applicable electricity transformation flow. This is
not the case in the coal balance, so the number
displayed in the electricity transformation flow is
the fuel input, not the process efficiency loss.
ISIC Group 241 and

Class 2431
Chemical and
petrochemical industry
ISIC Divisions 20 and 21,

excluding petrochemical
feedstocks
Non-ferrous metals
ISIC Group 242 and Class

2432
Non-metallic minerals
ISIC Division 23, such as

glass, ceramic, cement, etc.
Transport equipment
ISIC Divisions 29 and 30
Machinery
ISIC Divisions 25 to 28,

comprises fabricated metal
products, machinery and
equipment other than
transport equipment
Mining (excluding fuels)

and quarrying
ISIC Divisions 07 and 08 and

Group 099
Food and tobacco
ISIC Divisions 10 to 12
Paper, pulp and printing
ISIC Divisions 17 and 18
Wood and wood products
ISIC Division 16, other than

pulp and paper
Construction
Textile and leather
Non-specified
ISIC Divisions 22, 31 and 32,

any manufacturing industry
not included above
Note: Most countries have
difficulties supplying an
industrial breakdown for all
fuels. In these cases, the
non-specified industry row
has been used. Regional
aggregates of industrial
consumption should therefore
be used with caution.
Transport includes all fuels used for the transport

[ISIC Divisions 49 to 51] of goods or persons between
points of departure and destination within the national
territory irrespective of the economic sector within
which the activity occurs.
Other covers residential, commercial and public services [ISIC Divisions 33, 36-39, 45-47, 52, 53, 55, 56,
58-66, 68-75, 77-82, 84 (excluding Class 8422), 8588, 90-96 and 99], agriculture/forestry [ISIC Divisions 01 and 02], fishing [ISIC Division 03] and nonspecified consumption.
Units and conversions

Conversion (to toe and tce)
Most IEA/OECD publications showing inter-fuel relations and projections present such information in a
common energy unit, the tonne of oil equivalent (toe).
A tonne of oil equivalent is defined as 107 kcal
(41.868 GJ), a convenient measure because it is approximately the net heat content of one ton of average
crude oil. This unit is used by the IEA/OECD in its
energy balances. Note also that totals may not be the
sum of their components due to independent rounding.
The change from using the original unit to tonne of oil
equivalent implies choosing coefficients of equivalence between different forms and sources of energy.
This problem can be approached in many different
ways. For example, one could adopt a single equivalence for each major primary energy source in all
countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000 kcal/kg) for hard
coal, 41 868 kJ/kg (10 000 kcal/kg) for oil.
The main objection to this method is that it results in
distortions since there is a wide spread in calorific
values between types of coal and individual coal
products, and between calorific values of these fuels
in different countries.
The Secretariat has, therefore, obtained specific calorific factors supplied by the national administrations
for the main categories of each quality of coal and for
each flow or use (i.e. production, imports, exports,
electricity generation, coke ovens, blast furnaces and
industry). The set of particular national calorific values that allow for the conversion of energy sources
from original (physical) units to joules are presented
later in Part I.
The balances are expressed in terms of net calorific
value. The difference between net and gross being the
latent heat of vaporisation of the water produced during combustion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific value is usually around 5% less than gross and
for most forms of natural and manufactured gas the
difference is 9-10%. The use of net calorific value is
consistent with the practice of the Statistical Offices
of the European Communities and the United Nations.
In this report some data are reported in terms of tonnes
of coal equivalent (tce) because this unit is more
widely used in the international coal industry. A tonne
of coal equivalent is defined as 7 million kilocalories.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Iron and steel
Note that billion refers to thousand million (109).

Also, in many cases totals shown in the tables may not
be the sum of their components due to independent
rounding.
Gas
In the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of
OECD Countries all data on gases are expressed in
terajoules, on the basis of their gross calorific value.
1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.
To calculate the net heat content of a gas from its
gross heat content, multiply the gross heat content by
the appropriate following factor:
Natural gas
Gas works gas
Coke oven gas
Blast furnace gas
Oxygen steel furnace gas
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
Electricity
Figures for electricity production, trade, and final consumption are calculated using the energy content of
the electricity, i.e. at a rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe.
Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped storage) and electricity produced by other non-thermal
means (wind, tide, photovoltaic, etc.) are accounted
for similarly using 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. However,
the primary energy equivalent of nuclear electricity is
calculated from the gross generation by assuming a
33% efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh = (0.086 0.33) Mtoe. In
the case of electricity produced from geothermal heat
the primary equivalent is calculated assuming an efficiency of 10%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 0.1) Mtoe, unless
the actual value is known.
Heat
Information on heat is supplied to the Secretariat in
terajoules. For autoproducers, only heat sold is reported. Fuels consumed by autoproducers for production of own-use heat are reported as consumption, not
transformation.
IEA/OECD, 2012
The relation between tonne of oil equivalent (toe) and

tonne of coal equivalent (tce) is therefore:
1 tce = 0.7 toe
IEA/OECD, 2012
3. SOURCES AND NOTES
Energy flows data reported for 2011 (shown as 2011e)

are preliminary estimates based on the submissions
received in early 2012 and on quarterly submissions
to the IEA from member countries.
marked as .. mean that data are not available (either

not collected or not submitted by national government). Data marked as x mean that they are not
applicable or there is no meaningful explanation of a
value there. For example, the price cannot be shown if
the consumption in the country is forbidden or the
country itself did not exist as an independent entity at
a given point in time.
The fuels listed as solar, wind, tide also include

wave and ocean, unless otherwise noted.
Treatment of blast furnace coke and PCI data
Statistics of non-OECD countries presented in this

publication are based on available data at the time of
publishing and may differ from the final non-OECD
data to be published in Energy Statistics of NonOECD Countries.
Additional information on methodologies and reporting conventions are included in the notes in Energy
Balances of OECD Countries 2012 edition and
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2012 edition.
Preliminary 2011 data - 2011e

Data reported for the year 2011 in this publication are
preliminary and presented as 2011e. Final 2011 data
on solid fuels and manufactured gases will be submitted by OECD Member countries to the Secretariat in
annual questionnaires in late 2012. As a result, final
data for 2011 and preliminary 2012 data will be published in the 2013 edition of Coal Information in July
2013.
Selected coal data for 2011 for some non-OECD
countries have been estimated by the Secretariat, as
was the case for two OECD countries: Iceland and
Turkey.
Qualifiers
Data marked as e are estimates of the IEA Secretariat. Data marked as c mean that the data are confidential due to country specific regulations. Data
Data on coke used and pulverised coal injected in the

blast furnace (PCI) are harmonized for all OECD
countries in order to ensure that steam and coking coal
consumption data are consistently presented and that
comparisons between countries for consumption are
meaningful. The main effect of these revisions has
been to revise the reported consumption of coal in the
iron and steel industry.
It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal trade
and consumption, PCI is not separately specified;
rather it is included with steam coal for all countries
(except Japan). This classification is based on the fact
that most PCI coal is of a steam coal quality and not
coking coal quality. For Japan and Korea, PCI consumption is reported in this book as a coking coal in
order to be consistent with the national practice of
including imports of PCI coal with coking coal.
Price data
Energy prices are published quarterly in the
IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes. IEA data on
coal prices are managed in two sub-systems, which
vary not only in content, but also with respect to the
data collection methods.
Import and export unit values
End-user prices
IEA/OECD, 2012
General notes
Import and export unit values are calculated quarterly

(March, June, September and December) from national customs statistics import and export volumes
and values. The basic data are collected from monthly
national trade sources (Japan, United States, Australia
and Canada) or provided monthly to the IEA by the
Statistical Office of the European Communities
(Eurostat).
Values recorded at the import stage are the sum of
cost, insurance and freight (CIF), but exclude import
duties. Values recorded at the export stage (FOB),
exclude seaborne or international transport, but include inland transport costs of the exporting country.
As far as possible, the concept of general imports and
exports is used. This includes coal imports for reexport with or without processing, but excludes transit
trade.
The definitions of coal categories and the volume and
value units used in each of the above source systems
vary considerably. A certain amount of regrouping
and unit conversions is necessary once the basic data
are compiled.
The rules for regrouping coal categories are consistent
with the definitions used in the annual IEA/OECD
coal statistics. Prices are compiled for steam coal and
for coking coal. Definitions and the correspondence to
national and European classifications are discussed in
detail in the quarterly IEA publication Energy Prices
and Taxes. Comments in Energy Prices and Taxes on
certain data items, as well as general background information, are developed systematically. Data comments relate mainly to calorific values of specific coal
trade flows and to national coal definitions. Background information covers duties and trade regulations.
Due to reductions in budget, the IEA no longer has
adequate resources to provide complete information on
energy prices and taxes, so has had to suppress certain
sections of Energy Prices and Taxes as of 1 January
2012. This included steam and coking coal import and
export data for the year gone. As a result, it has not
been possible to provide these price series with 2011
data in this edition of Coal Information. We are hopeful
that we may be able to restore these sections in the future if resources become available.
End-user prices
End-user prices are collected quarterly from national
administrations and other relevant bodies and supplemented with data extracted from national publications.
Although a standard approach to reporting the data

has been developed, differences in definitions between countries are explained in the notes published
in Energy Prices and Taxes.
The standard approach to reporting end-use prices can
be summarised as follows:
includes transport costs to the consumer;
shows prices actually paid, i.e. net of rebates; and
includes taxes which have to be paid by the consumer as part of the transaction and which are not
refundable. This excludes value added taxes paid
in many European countries by industry (including
electric power stations) for all goods and services
(including energy). In these cases, value added
taxes are refunded to the customer, usually in the
form of a tax credit. Therefore, it is not shown as
part of the prices.
A standard coal quality for international comparisons
of end-use prices is not possible given the wide variety of coal qualities in domestic and international coal
trade. As a result, only average prices covering different qualities are collected, along with the calorific
value of these average qualities. If average prices are
not available, prices of a selected coal may be chosen.
Accordingly, international comparisons of coal enduse prices may be misleading. Detailed notes concerning these price series are published in Energy Prices
and Taxes. Also, please refer to Energy Prices and
Taxes for the detailed description of price mechanisms
in each country and country specific notes.
Derived price data

The information collected on prices is converted by
the IEA Secretariat into a variety of secondary data in
order to facilitate its analysis. Inter-fuel price comparisons for one country are usually made on the basis
of prices per heat unit such as a tonne of coal equivalent. In the end-user price tables, the conversion factor
used for converting gross calories to net calories for
natural gas is 0.9.
Inter-country price comparisons are made on the basis
of a standard currency unit, e.g., US dollars. Prices for
regional totals are calculated as the weighted average
of the available price data in the region and, therefore,
prices shown should be considered as only indicative.
For coal exports and imports, customs unit values are
prices reported by OECD Member countries.
Customs unit values are average values derived from
customs administrations total volume and total value
IEA/OECD, 2012
Import and export unit values
data. These data indicate broad price movements as

they are averages of all qualities of coal without regard to the end-use of the coal or to the contract terms
and conditions under which the trade occurs.
End-user prices are those paid by end-users in the
power sector and in industry and are reported by
Member countries in a quarterly reporting system
which the IEAs Standing Group on Long Term
Co-operation initiated in 1981. Data received are published in the IEA quarterly publication Energy Prices
and Taxes.
Unless otherwise stated, prices are reported in US
dollars in the year specified (i.e. current US dollars).
In addition to the official price statistics presented,
coal price statistics published in the industry press are
used to summarise short-term spot steam and coking
coal price trends. Although not official in that they
are not provided by member countries, there is a high
correlation between prices published by the industry
press and national coal price statistics.
Natural gas
-
Balances of supply and consumption of OECD

member countries; and
Imports from 28 origins and exports to 20 destinations.
Coal
-
World steam and coking coal, and lignite production;

World steam coal and coking coal trade; and
Coking coal and steam coal imports and exports
for major OECD countries.
Electricity
-
Electricity production, (separately from combustible fuel, nuclear, hydro and other sources) imports,
exports and (apparent) consumption in OECD
member countries.
Data sources
Historical data (1960-2010)
Readers who are interested in more recent data should

consult the OECD/IEA publication Oil, Gas, Coal and
Electricity Quarterly Statistics which is published in
January, March, June and September each year.
The annual historical data in Part IV of this report are

taken from the IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics which are based on annual submissions from all
OECD Member countries.
i) IEA/OECD coal statistics
The information contained in this publication consists of:
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries

covers all primary solid fuels, derived fuels and related manufactured gases. It contains detailed supply/
demand balances for each fuel, as well as information
on coal trade by origin and destination. The main data
from this system are published annually in the
IEA/OECD publication Coal Information.
Oil
ii) IEA/OECD electricity statistics
Production of crude oil and NGL for the major

producers in the world.
Refinery balances for crude oil, NGL, refinery

feedstocks, and total (including inputs of origin
other than crude oil and NGL);
Complete product balances of production, trade,

refinery intake and output, final consumption,
stock levels and changes;

covers generating capacity and electricity production
from main activity producers and autoproducers
plants. It includes information on electricity production by fuel type and supply/demand balances for
electricity and for heat sold to third parties from different types of power and heat plants. The main data
from this system are published annually in the
IEA/OECD publication Electricity Information.
Crude, NGL and feedstock imports from 47 origins and exports to 24 destinations; and
iii) IEA/OECD oil and gas statistics
Trade data for main product groups, LPG and

naphtha; imports from 44 origins and exports to 30
destinations.

covers crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks and natural
gas, as well as derived oil products. It includes
This book provides current, accurate and detailed statistics on quarterly production, supply and demand
and trade of the major energy forms mainly in, but not
limited to, the OECD area.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Quarterly energy statistics
The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Oil Information
and Natural Gas Information.
expressed in a common energy unit of tons of oil

equivalent (toe), and presented in a standard matrix
format. The balances are published annually in the
IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of OECD
Countries in which detailed country notes referring to
historical data can be found.
iv) IEA/OECD renewables statistics
vii) IEA/OECD energy prices and taxes

covers hydro, solid biofuels, geothermal, renewable
municipal waste, wind, gas from biofuels, solar
photovoltaic, solar thermal, tide/wave/ocean, nonrenewable municipal waste and industrial waste. It
includes detailed supply/demand balances.
The statistics were discussed separately above. The

prices and taxes are published quarterly in IEA/OECD
Energy Prices and Taxes.
The main data from this system are published annually

in the IEA/OECD publication Renewables Information.
v) IEA/OECD energy statistics

This annual database integrates data from the four
IEA/OECD statistical database systems listed above
to provide a summary of energy supply and demand
for each OECD country. It includes detailed statistics
on production, trade and consumption for each source
of energy, expressed in original units (e.g. metric tons,
TJ, GWh).
The main data from this data system are published
annually in the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. Detailed country notes referring to historical data can be found in this publication.
vi) IEA/OECD energy balances

Overall energy balances are constructed annually for
all OECD countries from the basic energy statistics
described above. The overall energy balance data are
viii) Energy statistics of non-OECD countries

The annual historical data for non-OECD countries
presented in Part V of this report are taken from
IEA/OECD databases of energy statistics of nonOECD countries. These databases are compiled from
data submitted annually to the IEA Secretariat in
questionnaires from non-OECD Member countries of
the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
(UNECE), from data provided by other international
organisations (the United Nations in New York, the
Organizacin Latinoamericana de Energa (OLADE)
in Quito, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC) in Tokyo and the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in
Rome, etc.), from direct communications with national administrations, industry contacts and from
published sources.
The main data from this data system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Energy Statistics
of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Balances of NonOECD Countries. Detailed country notes referring to
historical data can be found in these publications.
IEA/OECD, 2012
detailed supply/demand balances, trade by origin and

destination and stock levels and changes.
4. COUNTRY NOTES
Australia
In the 2012 edition, data for Australia were revised
back to 2006 due to the adoption of the National
Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER) data as the
main energy consumption data source for the Australian Energy Statistics. As a result, there are breaks in
the time series for many data between 2005 and 2006.
All data refer to the fiscal year, (e.g. July 2009 to June
2010 for 2010). For the 2002 data, the Australian
Administration began to use a new survey methodology which has caused shifts in the structure of industry consumption. The Australian Administration is
planning to revise the historical series.
Data on blast furnace gas for electricity production by
autoproducers begins in 1986. Consumption in wood and
wood products is included in paper, pulp and print from
2001 onwards. The drop in BKB production in 2004 was
due to a fire in the main production plant. Only anthracite for export is reported separately; the remainder
that is consumed domestically is included with coking
coal and other bituminous coal. Revisions in the 2012
edition also resulted in reclassification of some coal.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in hard coal.
Austria
Historical revisions by the Austrian Administration
have resulted in some breaks in series between 1989
and 1990.
In the 2011 edition, the Austrian Administration has

revised the consumption data for coke oven coke from
1999 and lignite from 2001. Other bituminous coal
includes patent fuel. Trockenkohle is included with
BKB because of its high calorific value. Since 1996,
gas works gas is reported with natural gas because it
is distributed in the same network. The amount of gas
works gas is negligible and it is mostly consumed by
households. The last lignite mine closed in the second
quarter of 2004 and lignite use for power generation
ceased in 2006.
Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Belgium
Sub-bituminous coal data reported in from other
sources refer to coal recuperated from coal dumps.
Production of other bituminous coal ceased on
31 August 1992. The use of coke oven gas in the
chemical and petrochemical industries ceased in 1996.
The decrease of bituminous coal and coke oven coke
in the iron and steel industry in 2002 is due to the closure of several plants.
Canada
Due to the unavailability of data, non-energy use of
coke oven coke and hard coal is included with final
consumption sectors prior to 1978 and 1980, respectively. Before 1978, lignite inputs to main activity
producer heat plants are included in final consumption. Starting in 1979, these inputs are included in
main activity producer electricity plants. Due to a
Canadian confidentiality law, it is not possible for the
Canadian Administration to submit disaggregated series for all of the coal types. Between 2002 and 2006,
IEA/OECD, 2012
In many cases, data submitted by Member countries to

the Secretariat do not conform to the standard reporting methodology or have other particular characteristics. Information set out below will assist readers to
interpret data for particular countries and aid in the
comparison of data among countries.
Chile
From 1990, consumption in paper and pulp includes
forestry and consumption in agriculture is included in
non-specified industry. In general, a new methodology has been applied for data since 1990, leading to
other breaks in series between 1989 and 1990. In the
2012 edition, the Chilean Administration has revised
the coal time series back to 2004. Other bituminous
coal includes sub-bituminous coals.
Czech Republic
Data are available starting in 1971.
Final consumption data were submitted by the Czech
Administration starting with 1996 data. Due to economic restructuring in the consumption sectors in the
late 1990s (large state enterprises subdividing and/or
privatising and the utilisation of new technologies by
businesses), there might be breaks in time series in
these sectors. Data for 1990 to 1995 were estimated
based on the Czech publication Energy Economy Year
Book. In 1995, town gas production (included in gas
works gas) ceased. Revisions by the Czech Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 2001 and 2002. Production from other sources
of other bituminous coal in 2004 is from coal slurries.
Other bituminous coal includes sub-bituminous coals.
Coal which had been previously classified as subbituminous coal until the 2008 edition is now reported
under lignite for all years.
Denmark
In the 2004 edition, major revisions were made by the
Danish Administration for the 1990 to 2001 data,
which may cause breaks in time series between 1989
and 1990.
A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is
related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power
plants were operated more intensively to replace
hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the
country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity

was exported to other countries in the region.
Estonia
Data for Estonia are available starting in 1990. Prior
to that, they are included in Former Soviet Union in
Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries.
Data reported as lignite are for oil shale.
Finland
A new survey system and a reclassification of the data
lead to breaks in the time series between 1999 and
2000 for most products and sectors. The new survey
system is more detailed and has better product coverage especially in electricity, CHP and heat production,
as well as in industry.
A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power
plants were operated more intensively to replace hydrogenerated electricity that is consumed in the country.
Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. Likewise, peat
production is highly dependant upon favourable
weather conditions and the pricing of other fuels. The
decrease in peat and other bituminous coal usage in
main activity electricity plants was due to record electricity generation from hydro plants.
The first coking plant started operation in 1987, hence
imports of coking coal and production of coke oven
coke and coke oven gas started in that year. Coal tars
used for non-energy purposes are not reported in production or consumption. The increase of other bituminous coal inputs into main activity producer electricity
plants from 1993 to 1994 was due to coal replacing
imported electricity and hydro power. Production of
gas works gas ceased in April 1994.
France
Prior to 1985, consumption of colliery gas is included
with the use of coke oven gas by autoproducers. Final
consumption in industry is estimated by the Secretariat
IEA/OECD, 2012
the IEA Secretariat has estimated some of the missing

series. The data for 2007 onwards are given directly
as reported. The Canadian Administration is planning
to further refine its reporting.
from 1986 to 2001 for some products. For 1989 to

1998, the IEA Secretariat has estimated industry consumption based on Consommations dEnergie dans
lIndustrie, SESSI.
the coal. The use of this domestic coal in main activity

producer electricity and CHP plants has also been
reclassified to lignite. Autoproducer heat and power
plants using coke oven gas and blast furnace gas were
reclassified in 1998 as main activity power plants.
Germany
The German Administration has changed the methodology for reporting heat. Between 2003 and 2006,
autoproducer heat output was provided, but not inputs.
Starting in 2007, more information is available on
main activity heat plants and additional inputs started
to be reported for this category. This causes breaks in
series between 2006 and 2007.
Due to the reclassification of several sectors by the
German Administration, breaks in series may occur
between 1990 and 1992. This particularly affects
BKB, lignite and coke oven coke. BKB inputs to gas
works plants stopped in 1997. Breaks in time series
may occur between 1998 and 1999 for coke oven gas
and blast furnace gas. Up to 2003, other bituminous
coal includes anthracite. Breaks in the time series for
coke oven gas from 2007 are due to a change in statistical source. Consumption of non-renewable municipal waste and other solid biofuels as a reductant occurs in German blast furnaces, but is not currently
quantified. Likewise, coal tar is a by-product of coke
ovens, but not currently reported.
Greece
Iceland
Prior to 1970, final consumption includes inputs and
outputs to heat production. The industrial classifications used by the Icelandic Administration were
changed in 1987. Final consumption increased in
2000 due to a new iron and steel plant coming on-line.
Provisional data for 2011e are estimated by the IEA
Secretariat.
Ireland
Production data for peat briquettes (BKB) are available from 1975. Low production of peat in 1985 was
due to a poor harvest. The production of gas works
gas ceased in 1987 due to fuel switching to natural
gas. Other bituminous coal inputs to main activity
producer electricity plants increased from 1986 due to
three new generating units at Moneypoint coming online. A reclassification causes a break in the time series for peat consumption in the energy industry own
use in BKB plants from 1989 to 1990. Patent fuel data
and some export data are confidential.
Hungary
Data are available from 1965.
From 1992, the production of sub-bituminous coal has
been included with lignite due to the low quality of
Israel
Data reported as lignite are oil shale.
Italy
In the 2011 edition, industry and transformation data
were revised for 2004 to 2007 according to the same
methodology as used in 2008 and 2009. This led to
breaks in series between 2003 and 2004.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Electricity production using hard coal ceased in 1989.

A new main activity producer electricity plant using
imported bituminous coal was brought on-line in
1991. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1997.
Lignite has been used in main activity producer CHP
plants since 1997. Production of BKB/peat briquettes
ceased in 2009.
Japan
Between 2004 and 2007, the IEA received a series of
revisions from the Japanese Administration. The first
set of revisions received in 2004 increased the 1990
supply by 5% for coal, 2% for natural gas and 0.7%
for oil compared to the previous data. This led to an
increase of 2.5% in 1990 CO2 emissions calculated
using the Reference Approach while the Sectoral
Approach remained fairly constant. For the 2006 edition, the IEA received revisions to the coal and oil
data which had a significant impact on both the energy data and the CO2 emissions. The most significant
revisions occurred for coke oven coke, naphtha, blast
furnace gas and petroleum coke. These revisions affected consumption rather than supply in the years
concerned. As a result, the Sectoral Approach CO2
emissions increased for all the years, however at different rates. For example, the Sectoral Approach CO2
emissions for 1990 were 4.6% higher than those calculated for the 2005 edition, while the 2003 emissions
were 1.1% higher than those of the previous edition.
Due to the impact these successive revisions have had
on the final energy balance, as well as on CO2 emissions, the IEA was in close contact with the Japanese
Administration to better understand the reasons behind these changes. These changes were mainly due to
the Government of Japan's efforts to improve the input-output balances in the production of oil products
and coal products in response to inquiries from the
UNFCCC Secretariat. To cope with this issue, the
Japanese Administration established a working group
in March 2004. The working group completed its
work in April 2006. Many of its conclusions were
incorporated in the 2006 edition, but some further

revisions to the time series (especially in industry and
other) were submitted for the 2007 edition.
Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year
basis (e.g. April 2009 to March 2010 for 2009).
From 1982, residential use of coke oven coke is included in commercial/public services sector. Oxygen
steel furnace gas data are available from 1982. The
inputs of coke oven coke to blast furnaces, as well as
the final consumption of coke oven coke in iron and
steel, have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat
starting in 1990. From 1998, inputs of coke oven gas,
blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas into
autoproducer electricity plants include the amount
used to produce electricity with TRT technology (Top
pressure Recovery Turbines) which was previously
included in industry. Since the 2010 edition, the net
calorific values for coal have been recalculated by the
IEA Secretariat based upon gross values submitted by
Japan.
Coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) is classified as
coking coal in order to be consistent with Japanese
trade statistics. With the 2008 edition, Japan has reclassified part of the coal inputs to coke ovens as inputs to blast furnaces.
Asymmetric statistical differences in hard coal since
2004 are primarily due to deliberate stock builds by
final consumers.
Korea
Data are available from 1971.
Data for 2002 onwards have been reported on a different basis, causing breaks in series between 2001
and 2002, especially for inputs and outputs to electricity generation and consumption in the iron and steel
industry. The Korean Administration is planning to
revise the historical series as time and resources
permit.
Data for coal and coal products from 1971 to 2001
are based on information provided by the Korean
Administration, as well as information from the Yearbook of Energy Statistics 2002, the Yearbook of Coal
Statistics 2001 (both from the Ministry of Commerce,
IEA/OECD, 2012
From 1986 onwards, figures from lignite are given

using the same methodology as in the Bilancio Energetico Nazionale. In 1991, all industrial activities
were reclassified on the basis of ISTAT/NACE 91.
This has implied some transfer of activities which
may result in some anomalies between 1991 and earlier years. Due to a change in the survey system,
breaks in time series may occur between 1997 and
1998 for final consumption. Prior to 2009, subbituminous coal used in main activity electricity
plants was included with other bituminous coal.
Luxembourg
Steel production from blast furnaces ceased at the end
of 1997. For the 2011 edition, the Luxembourgian
Administration revised the time series from 2000 for
most coal and coal products. Time series for brown
coal briquettes consumption were revised from 1990.
Mexico
Data are available starting in 1971 and are partly estimated based on the publication Balance Nacional Energa. The Mexican Administration submitted data
directly by questionnaire for the first time with 1992
data. As a result, some breaks in time series may occur between 1991 and 1992. In the 2011 edition, the
Mexican Administration revised selected historical
data.
The time series for blast furnace gas and inputs of
coke oven coke to blast furnaces starts in 1991.
Netherlands
In the national statistical system of the Netherlands,
use of fuel in manufacturing industries for CHP
production is considered to be consumption in the
transformation sector. However, in IEA statistics, this

own use for heat production (autoproduced heat) is
reported under the relevant industry sub-sector, based
on estimates provided by the Central Bureau of
Statistics.
For 1984 to 1986, production from other sources of
other bituminous coal represents a stock of "smalls"
washed for re-use. Prior to 1989, non-energy use is
included with industry consumption.
Coal exports consist of re-exported volumes after
blending.
New Zealand
Where data refer to the fiscal year, April 2010 to
March 2011 is shown as 2010. In the 2011 edition, the
New Zealand Administration has revised some of the
coal, natural gas, oil, renewable and electricity time
series back to 1990.
A reorganisation of government departments during
1987 leading to the cessation of certain data series has
resulted in several breaks in time series between 1987
and 1988.
Production of gas works gas ceased in 1988. Peat,
although produced in New Zealand, is not used as
a fuel. It is used for agricultural purposes only. In final consumption, some industry data are reported in
non-specified industry for confidentiality reasons.
Prior to 2009, mining and quarrying is included in
agriculture. Prior to 2010, construction is included
with commercial/public services. Sub-bituminous coal
inputs into autoproducer CHP refers to coal that is
merged with iron sands and limestone to form the inputs for the multi-hearth-furnaces, kilns and melters to
produce direct reduced iron (Glenbrook Steel Site),
with off-gases and supplemental and natural gas driving the CHP plants. This method, while not a typical
iron and steel process, produces similar by-products.
The sub-bituminous coal inputs are reported under
coke ovens and the resulting off-gases are reported as
production of coke oven gas and blast furnace gas.
Some transformation efficiencies will appear higher
than normal due to non-reporting of certain inputs
including some confidential data.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Industry and Energy), and Statistics of Electric Power

in Korea 2001 (from the Korea Electric Power
Corporation). Data on sub-bituminous coal were estimated by the IEA Secretariat based on statistics of the
exporting countries. Consumption of imported coke
oven coke starting in 2002 is reported under nonspecified industry. Consumption of manufactured
gases in the iron and steel industry starting in 2002
includes the consumption in blast furnaces, oxygen
steel furnaces and other iron and steel processing
plants. Blast furnace gas used for energy purposes in
blast furnaces prior to 2007 are reported in the iron
and steel industry. Coal tar production prior to 2007 is
not available at this time.
Production of coking coal, coke oven coke and coke

oven gas ceased in the late 1980s. Other bituminous
coal includes lignite. The decrease of bituminous coal
production in 2005 is due to a fire in one of the coal
mines; this entailed a break in the production for a
large part of the year.
Poland
For the 2011 edition, the Polish Administration has
revised the time series for blast furnace gas, coke
oven gas and other bituminous coal from 2001 to
2007. Time series for coke oven coke were revised for
the years 1990 to 2001.
Portugal
Between 1997 and 2001, gas works gas was gradually
replaced by natural gas in the commercial/public services and residential sectors. The production of pig iron
ceased in the first quarter of 2001, leading to decreases
in supply and consumption of coking coal, coke oven
coke, coke oven gas and blast furnace gas in 2001.
Slovak Republic
There are some breaks in series between 1992 and
1993. A new survey system in 2001 leads to major
breaks in series for most products. Commercial/public
services includes statistical differences for other bituminous coal, lignite, patent fuel and coke oven coke
from 1980 onwards and BKB from 1989 onwards.
Slovenia
Data for Slovenia are available starting in 1990. Prior
to that, they are included in Energy Statistics of
Non-OECD Countries in Former Yugoslavia. A new
energy data collection system was implemented in

January 2001, causing some breaks in time series between 1999 and 2000.
Spain
Lignite mining was halted indefinitely in 2008. For
1999-2003, anthracite is included in other bituminous
coal.
Sweden
Other bituminous coal production is coal recovered
during the quarrying of clay. Autoproducer inputs to
waste heat production that is sold are reported in the
respective final consumption sectors and not in
transformation.
Switzerland
From 1999, data on consumption result from a new
survey and are not comparable with data of previous
years.
From 1985, industrial consumption of gas works gas
is reported in non-specified industry to prevent the
disclosure of commercially confidential data. Allocation of consumption data between certain coal types is
estimated by the Swiss Administration, as are calorific
values.
Turkey
Production of gas works gas declined in 1989 due to
plant closures; the last plant closed in 1994. Use of
gas coke and gas works gas ceased in 1994. Due to
government regulations in industry and residential, in
particular, there has been a shift from the use of domestically produced coal to imported coal and natural
gas. The privatisation of state owned coke ovens in
recent years results in incomplete information on coke
oven gas distribution. Data for 2008 are provided
IEA/OECD, 2012
Norway
Provisional data for 2011e are estimated by the IEA

Secretariat.
United States
Due to problems in reporting, there are numerous
breaks in series for the US data, particularly in 1992,
1999, 2001 and 2002. Care should be taken when
evaluating consumption by sector since inputs of fuel
to autoproducers are included in final consumption for
some years. No data are available for most energy
products in the construction and mining and quarrying
industries.
Consumption shown for the commercial/public services includes consumption of some of non-specified
other. Prior to 1994, the consumption of substitute
natural gas is included with natural gas, while its production is included with gas works gas.
In 2002, the United States reported synfuel production as patent fuel for the first time. Prior to 2002, the
consumption of this fuel was reported with other bituminous coal. Production ceased in 2007 for economic reasons. Since the Energy Information Administration (EIA) and the US Department of Commerce
do not collect separate data on patent fuel exports by
country, total exports of patent fuel are included in the
exports of other bituminous coal. Coal tar as a byproduct of coke ovens is not currently reported.
United Kingdom
IEA/OECD, 2012
from the results of an improved questionnaire. Therefore, significant changes occur in consumption patterns within the iron and steel industry, coal mining as
well as across industry, residential and commercial/
public services for other bituminous coal. Some coal
used in cement kilns is reported under construction
instead of non-metallic minerals since 2008. Historical data may be revised in future issues.
IEA/OECD, 2012
5. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE
Denmark excludes the Danish Faroes and Greenland.
France includes Monaco, but excludes the following
overseas departments and territories: Guadeloupe,
Guyana, Martinique, New Caledonia, French
Polynesia, Reunion, and St.-Pierre and Miquelon.
Germany includes the new federal states of Germany
from 1970 onwards.
The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without
prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights,
East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West
Bank under the terms of international law.
Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican.
Japan includes Okinawa.
The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the
Netherlands Antilles.
Portugal includes the Aores and Madeira.
Spain includes the Canary Islands.
Switzerland does not include Liechtenstein.
United States includes 50 States and the District of
Columbia.
OECD Total comprises Australia, Austria, Belgium,
Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia1, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
1. Estonia and Slovenia are included starting in 1990. Prior to 1990,

data for Estonia are included in Former Soviet Union and data for
Slovenia in Former Yugoslavia in the publication Energy Statistics of
Non-OECD Countries.
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea,

Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic,
Slovenia1, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the
United Kingdom and the United States,
With the exception of Chile, Estonia, Iceland, Israel,
Mexico, and Slovenia, all 34 OECD member countries are also member countries of the IEA. IEA regional totals include only IEA Member countries and,
therefore, exclude non-IEA Members shown in italics
below.
The following countries are included in the regional
aggregates. OECD Total is the sum of the three regional aggregates.
OECD Americas comprises Canada, Chile, Mexico
and the United States.
OECD Asia Oceania comprises Australia, Israel,
Japan, Korea and New Zealand.
OECD Europe comprises Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
The European Union - 27 (EU-27) includes Austria,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the
United Kingdom. Please note that in the interest of
having comparable data, all these countries are
included since 1990 despite different entry dates into
the European Union.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia excludes the overseas territories.
Africa includes Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana (from

1981), Cameroon, Congo, the Democratic Republic of
Congo, Cte dIvoire, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia
(from 1991), Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan
(including the newly formed Republic of South Sudan),
the United Republic of Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia,
Zambia, Zimbabwe and Other Africa.
Other Africa includes Botswana (until 1980),
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cape Verde, the Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti,
Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Namibia (until 1990), Niger,
Reunion, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Swaziland,
Uganda and Western Sahara (from 1990).
Non-OECD Americas includes Argentina, Bolivia,
Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti,
Honduras, Jamaica, the Netherlands Antilles,5 Nicaragua,
2. Note by Turkey:
With respect to the Cyprus question, Turkey reserves its position as
stated in its declaration of 1 May 2004. The information in the report
under the heading Cyprus relates to the southern part of the Island.
There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is
found within the context of United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its
position concerning the Cyprus issue.
Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and
the European Commission:
The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United
Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this report
relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the
Republic of Cyprus.
3. Data for Serbia include Montenegro until 2004 and Kosovo until
1999.
4. Data are shown only under Former Soviet Union and Former
Yugoslavia until 1989. From 1990 onward, data are shown by country
only.
5. The Netherlands Antilles was dissolved on 10 October 2010, resulting in two new constituent countries of the Netherlands (Curaao and
Saint Maarten), with the other islands joining the Netherlands as special municipalities. However, due to a lack of detailed data, the Secretariats data and estimates under the Netherlands Antilles still refer to
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay,

Venezuela and Other non-OECD Americas.
Other non-OECD Americas includes Antigua and
Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda,
the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands,
Dominica, the Falkland Islands, French Guyana,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, Montserrat,
Puerto Rico6 (for natural gas and electricity), St. Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre et Miquelon,
St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Turks
and Caicos Islands.
Asia includes Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam,
Cambodia (from 1995), Chinese Taipei, India, Indonesia,
the DPR of Korea, Malaysia, Mongolia (from 1985),
Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore,
Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam and Other Asia.
Other Asia includes Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia
(until 1994), Cook Islands, East Timor, Fiji, French
Polynesia, Kiribati, Laos, Macau, Maldives, Mongolia
(until 1984), New Caledonia, Palau (from 1994),
Papua New Guinea, Samoa, the Solomon Islands,
Tonga and Vanuatu.
China includes the Peoples Republic of China and
Hong Kong (China).
Former Yugoslavia4 includes Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Serbia3 (including Kosovo and Montenegro) and Slovenia.
Former Soviet Union4 includes Armenia, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, the Republic of Moldova, the
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,
and Uzbekistan.
Middle East includes Bahrain, the Islamic Republic
of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, Syria, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
Please note that the following countries have not been
considered due to lack of data:
Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia: Liechtenstein7
(except for oil data);
Africa: Saint Helena;
America: Anguilla; and
Asia and Oceania: Christmas Island, Nauru and Niue.
the whole territory of the Netherlands Antilles as it was known prior to

10 October 2010.
6. Oil statistics as well as coal trade statistics for Puerto Rico are included under the United States.
7. Oil data for Liechtenstein are included under Switzerland.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia includes Albania,

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus2, Gibraltar, Kazakhstan,
Kosovo3 (from 2000), Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta,
the Republic of Moldova, Montenegro3 (from 2005),
Romania, the Russian Federation, Serbia3, the Former
Soviet Union4, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan and Former Yugoslavia4.
6. ABBREVIATIONS, CONVERSION FACTORS

AND CALORIFIC VALUES
Units and technical abbreviations
t
kt
Mt
toe
Mtoe
tce
Mtce
kcal
MBtu
GWh
USD
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg

thousand tonnes
million tonnes
tonne of oil equivalent
million tonnes of oil equivalent
tonne of coal equivalent (= 0.7 toe)
million tonnes of coal equivalent
kilocalories (103 calories)
million British thermal units
million kilowatt hours
US dollars
CIF
FAS
FOB
GDP
GCV
PCI
TPES
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
cost, insurance and freight

free alongside ship
free on board
Gross Domestic Product
gross calorific value
coals for pulverised injection
Total primary energy supply
EU
FSU
OECD
UN
UNECE
:
:
:
:
:
European Union
Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Soviet Union
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
United Nations
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
0 or 0.0 : negligible
:
:
:
:
:
confidential
estimated
not available
nil
not applicable
IEA/OECD, 2012
c
e
..
x
General conversion factors for energy

TJ
To:
Gcal
Mtoe
From:
MBtu
GWh
947.8
0.2778
3.968
1.163 x 10-3
multiply by:
TJ
2.388 x 10-5
238.8
Gcal
4.1868 x 10
Mtoe
-3
-7
10
4.1868 x 104
107
3.968 x 107
11630
MBtu
1.0551 x 10-3
0.252
2.52 x 10-8
2.931 x 10-4
GWh
3.6
860
8.6 x 10-5
3412
st
lb
Conversion factors for mass

kg
To:
lt
From:
multiply by:
1
0.001
9.84 x 10-4
1.102 x 10-3
2.2046
tonne (t)
1000
0.984
1.1023
2204.6
long ton (lt)
1016
1.016
1.120
2240
short ton (st)
907.2
0.9072
kilogramme (kg)
pound (lb)
0.454
4.54 x 10
0.893
-4
4.46 x 10
-4
2000
5.0 x 10
-4
Conversion factors for volume

gal U.S.
To:
gal U.K.
bbl
From:
ft3
m3
multiply by:
U.S. gallon (gal)
0.8327
0.02381
0.1337
3.785
0.0038
U.K. gallon (gal)
1.201
0.02859
0.1605
4.546
0.0045
Barrel (bbl)
42.0
34.97
5.615
159.0
0.159
7.48
6.229
0.1781
28.3
0.0283
0.2642
0.220
0.0063
0.0353
0.001
264.2
220.0
6.289
35.3147
1000.0
Cubic foot (ft )

Litre (l)
3
Cubic metre (m )
Decimal prefixes
10
10
10
10
10
12
10
15
10
18
deca (da)
hecto (h)
kilo (k)
mega (M)
giga (G)
tera (T)
peta (P)
exa (E)
10-1
deci (d)
10
-2
centi (c)
10
-3
milli (m)
10
-6
micro ()
10
-9
nano (n)
10
-12
pico (p)
10
-15
femto (f)
10
-18
atto (a)
The conversion factors shown above are available online with greater precision at: http://www.iea.org/stats/unit.asp
IEA/OECD, 2012
101
2010 COUNTRY SPECIFIC AVERAGE NET CALORIFIC VALUES [kJ/kg]

Anthracite
Australia
SubOther
bituminous bituminous
coal
coal
Coking
coal
Lignite
Peat
Patent
fuels
Coal tar
Coke
oven
coke
BKB
28 683
25 700
18 478
9 800
25 650
35 714
20 995
Austria
28 033
29 073
27 869
22 200
8 967
8 800
31 000
29 000
41 800
19 303
Belgium
25 184
29 308
25 781
8 370
29 308
27 696
20 000
Canada
26 381
27 720
24 219
18 238
14 286
28 830
28 638
22 650
28 642
41 366
Chile
Czech Republic
30 000
28 709
25 131
12 682
27 939
36 936
20 740
Denmark
24 439
29 300
18 300
Estonia
27 155
8 995
9 734
16 000
Finland
29 300
25 098
10 190
29 300
37 000
France
30 500
26 000
17 000
32 000
28 000
38 000
28 951
29 000
26 298
9 060
31 400
28 650
21 468
Greece
26 906
5 418
30 314
Hungary
31 430
24 750
17 283
7 242
22 000
29 971
38 000
20 000
Iceland
28 050
28 050
26 670
Ireland
27 980
27 839
19 820
8 237
18 548
Germany
Israel
25 087
2 931
Italy
30 984
26 587
18 832
10 468
29 000
Japan
26 362
28 130
24 801
29 400
35 393
Korea
24 198
28 261
24 911
20 934
19 259
29 308
37 000
Luxembourg
26 700
29 300
28 500
20 100
23 483
23 483
19 405
14 100
26 521
Mexico
Netherlands
29 300
28 671
24 824
20 000
28 500
41 900
New Zealand
29 647
27 497
20 630
14 531
29 500
Norway
28 100
28 500
Poland
29 517
23 086
8 563
23 180
24 630
37 704
17 479
Portugal
31 783
25 605
29 398
Slovak Republic
26 990
29 500
25 808
11 634
28 000
28 268
17 000
25 226
19 090
11 035
29 531
19 438
28 978
22 131
8 621
28 500
38 519
30 000
27 400
12 638
28 080
28 100
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
28 100
28 100
20 100
Turkey
26 964
26 541
18 321
9 268
27 668
United Kingdom
28 834
24 914
30 970
28 310
38 519
28 799
29 665
26 816
19 016
13 873
28 842
United States
IEA/OECD, 2012
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
Coal classification
The IEA collects statistics on coal production, trade and consumption according to a technically precise
classification based on the quality of coal as follows:
Anthracite is a high rank, non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value not less than 23 865 kJ/kg
(5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis;
Coking coal is hard coal suitable for the production of coke that can support a blast furnace charge;
Other bituminous coal is an agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value not less than 23 865 kJ/kg
(5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis;
Sub-bituminous coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value between 23 865 kJ/kg
(5 700 kcal/kg) and 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) containing more than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral
matter-free basis; and
Lignite is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) and
greater than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis. Oil shale is included in lignite.
However, when publishing these data, the IEA sometimes adopts a simplified classification of hard coal, steam
coal and brown coal. The correspondence is as follows:
Total coal is the sum of hard coal and brown coal;
Hard coal is the sum of coking coal, anthracite and other bituminous coal for all countries, plus sub-bituminous
coal for Australia, Belgium, Chile, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and
the United States;
Brown coal contains lignite for all countries, and sub-bituminous coal for all countries not listed above; and
Steam coal consists of anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal.
The term total coal also refers to the sum of hard coal and brown coal after conversion to a common energy unit
(tonne of coal equivalent - tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question
(the conversion factors are submitted by national administrations to the IEA Secretariat each year) by the total
volume of hard and brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. One tce has an energy content of
29.3 Gigajoules (GJ) or 7 000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).
Defining coal consumption

Energy statistics are compiled and presented to take account of the complexity in the way fuels are used and to
avoid double counting. Misunderstandings can arise when statistics on coal consumption are used because of the
particular terminology used by energy statisticians.
Coal is used in four possible ways:
As a primary input to produce electricity or a secondary/tertiary fuel that is used elsewhere or sold - this is
referred to as use in transformation processes;
e.g. coking coal used to produce coke in a coke oven, steam coal used to produce electricity.
As a fuel used to support a transformation process - this is referred to as energy industry own use;
e.g. coke oven gas used to heat the coke oven, steam coal used to operate the power plant.
As a fuel consumed in manufacturing industry, mining and construction, in transport, in agriculture, in
commercial and public services and in households - this is referred to as use in the final consumption sectors;
e.g. steam coal used to produce heat in cement kilns, steam coal used to produce industrial process steam.
In the wider community, the term consumption is commonly understood to include all of the above end-uses.
However, in this book (with the exception of Part II and Part III, Section 2, where consumption denotes national
supply) the term consumption refers only to use in the final consumption sectors (i.e. in the third item above).
IEA/OECD, 2012
As a raw material - this is referred to as non-energy use;

e.g. coal used to produce carbon electrodes for the aluminium industry.
COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART II - II.1
PART II
IEA/OECD, 2012
WORLD COAL OVERVIEW
IEA/OECD, 2012
1. WORLD COAL MARKET REVIEW
In 2011, total global coal production increased by

6.6% to 7 678.4 Mt (Table II.1), making it the 12th
year in a row of growth. With 1999 being the last year
when production declined on an annual basis, global
coal production in 2011 was 68% higher in comparison to then. This expansion was primarily the product
of growth in steam coal production (74%) and coking
coal production (101%) increasing market share,
while there was more sedentary growth experienced in
lignite production, which only increased by 26%
overall, or 1.9% annually since 1999.
There has also been a pronounced divergence of coal
production patterns between OECD and non-OECD
economies in recent years. The OECD countries
2011 production was actually 10 Mt lower than it was
in 1998, while over the same period, non-OECD
countries increased their annual production by
2 987 Mt (115%). This is also evident in the 2010 to
2011 growth rates, where OECD coal production increased by 0.8%, while non-OECD total coal production increased by 9.0%.
Gross electricity production in 2011 in the OECD (not
including generation from pumped storage plants) was
10 752.8 TWh, a decrease of 0.9%. Coal and peat
used to generate electricity in OECD countries decreased by 1.2% to 3 602.8 TWh.
In 2009, OECD coking coal consumption dropped to its
lowest level since records began in 1978. This was
due to the initial downturn as the economic crisis grew.
Consumption returned to near 2008 levels in 2010 and this
remained the case in 2011, as OECD countries consumed
187.5 Mt of coking coal, up from 185.5 Mt in 2010 and
160.8 Mt in 2009. (Part III Table 2.3).
The Peoples Republic of China continues to drive
much of the world coal markets as coal consumption
directly facilitated the generation of 3 272.8 TWh of

electricity in 2010, up from 2 959.2 TWh in 2009, the
production of 362.1 Mt of coke oven coke and nearly
600 Mt of pig iron. In 2011, Chinese coal:
consumption grew to 2 550.7 Mtce;
production grew by 10.5% or 330.9 Mt; and
net imports rose by 33.1 Mt to 177.1 Mt.
Total global coal consumption increased by 5.3% or
266.2 Mtce in 2011, as OECD consumption declined
by 32.6 Mt and growth in non-OECD countries was
298.8 Mt (Table II.7). As a consequence, the OECDs
share of global consumption declined to its lowest
value ever (28.7%).
Global coal exports grew by 65.0 Mt to record levels
of 1 142.0 Mt in 2011, as steam coal exports grew by
9.2% and coking coal exports declined by 2.8%
(Table II.13). Additionally, in 2011, the Peoples
Republic of China became the worlds largest importer
of coal, and Indonesia became the worlds largest exporter, surpassing Japan and Australia, respectively.
Steam coal import spot prices in both the Atlantic and
Pacific markets stayed relatively constant during the
first three quarters of 2011. However, they have declined steadily since then to resemble prices in 2010
(Figure II.3).
Examining CO2 emissions in 2009, it is apparent that
coal remains the largest source of anthropogenic CO2
emissions at 12.5 Gt, despite declining by 99 Mt from
the 2008 level as demand for steel, in particular,
sharply declined. Notably, the United States displayed
a marked decrease in coal usage to generate electricity. Some of this was displacement by abundant natural gas, and some was part of an overall downturn in
electricity demand. Despite all this, coal emissions
remain 1.86 Gt greater than those from oil (which fell
at an even faster rate), and more than twice those of
IEA/OECD, 2012
Summary
II.4 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART II
Production
Total world coal production
Total world coal production reached a record level of
7 678.4 Mt in 2011, increasing by 6.6% over 2010
(Table II.1). This is an average annual growth rate of
4.4% since 1999.
Table II.1 Total world coal production* [Mt]
2009
2010
2011e
Steam coal
Coking coal
Lignite
Peat
5 081.0
784.8
969.7
16.0
5 317.4
900.3
983.4
17.0
5 670.1
967.3
1 041.0
..
Total coal
6 835.6
7 201.1
7 678.4
* Production includes recovered slurries. Total coal excludes peat.
China was the leading producer (Table II.2), with

3 471.1 Mt of total coal production, followed by the
United States (1 004.1 Mt), India (585.9 Mt), Australia
(414.3 Mt) and Indonesia (376.2 Mt).
Table II.2 Major coal producers* [Mt]
PR of China
United States
India
Australia
Indonesia
Russian Federation
South Africa
Germany
Poland
Kazakhstan
Colombia
Turkey
Canada
Ukraine
Greece
Czech Republic
Other
2009
2 895.3
987.6
566.1
411.6
291.2
276.0
249.5
183.6
135.2
100.9
72.8
79.5
62.9
55.5
64.9
56.4
346.4
2010
3 140.2
996.1
570.4
424.1
325.0
321.7
254.5
182.3
133.2
110.9
74.4
73.4
67.9
55.4
56.5
55.2
359.9
2011e
3 471.1
1 004.1
585.9
414.3
376.2
333.8
253.1
188.6
139.2
116.7
83.8
78.1
67.1
61.8
58.8
54.4
391.4
World
6 835.6
7 201.1
7 678.4
* Production includes recovered slurries.

See Table 1.1 in Part III for historic data on selected countries.
The largest OECD coal-producing region was OECD

Americas, with 52.0% of the OECD production.
OECD Europe was responsible for three quarters of
OECD lignite production and 27.8% of OECD total

coal production.
Steam coal production

In 2011, world steam coal production (anthracite, other
bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal) increased
by 6.6%, compared to 4.7% in 2010 (Table II.3), and
was the 12th straight year of increased production.
This continued to be driven by growth in the nonOECD countries with an increase of 8.6% (or
353.2 Mt) in 2011. Among the major producing nonOECD countries, production increased noticeably in
Indonesia (15.8%), Colombia (12.7%), Ukraine
(12.1%) and the Peoples Republic of China (10.6%).
OECD steam coal production was 1 196.2 Mt in 2011,
on a par with the 2010 production of 1 196.7 Mt, but
at the lowest level since 2000 despite an increase in
production in Australia of 5.0% or 9.5 Mt.
Table II.3 Major steam coal producers* [Mt]
PR of China
United States
India
Indonesia
South Africa
Australia
Russian Federation
Kazakhstan
Colombia
Poland
Vietnam
Ukraine
DPR of Korea
Canada
United Kingdom
Mexico
Other
2009
2 360.0
875.2
497.3
289.2
247.8
209.8
147.1
84.8
70.9
69.5
44.1
35.7
31.6
29.4
17.6
8.8
62.2
2010
2 559.5
856.5
498.6
322.8
252.4
189.1
178.7
91.7
71.2
65.1
44.0
37.3
32.0
29.5
18.1
8.5
62.3
2011e
2 831.1
849.0
509.1
373.7
250.3
198.6
177.7
98.1
80.2
65.0
44.5
41.8
31.6
27.9
18.1
9.8
63.7
World
5 081.0
5 317.4
5 670.1
* Production includes recovered slurries.

In 1978, the OECD accounted for 42.8% of the world

steam coal production and this metric remained above
40% until the year 1989. However, since the year
2000, its share has generally declined as non-OECD
countries have increased their steam coal production
at a faster rate, predominantly led by the expansion of
the Chinese coal industry. In 2011, the OECDs share
(21.1%) was less than half its 1978 share despite its
production being 290.9 Mt higher.
The largest OECD steam coal-producing region is
OECD Americas, with almost three quarters of the
OECD production. Of the remainder, 17% of the
IEA/OECD, 2012
natural gas. Coal-related emissions increased in 2009

in the non-OECD countries (310.7 Mt), while OECD
coal-related emissions declined by 409.2 Mt (Figure II.6). During the economic recovery in 2010,
OECD coal emissions increased from 3.97 Gt to
4.18 Gt (Part III, Table 2.7).
Steam coal production in the non-OECD countries

increased by 8.6% to 4 473.8 Mt in 2011. Of note,
over 99% of the non-OECD steam coal production is
accounted for by the 10 largest producing countries.
The Peoples Republic of China now accounts for
49.9% of world steam coal production and 63.3% of
non-OECD production. In 2011, this production
reached 2 831.1 Mt, an increase of 271.6 Mt (10.6%).
It should be noted that this is the first year in which
China has been able to provide the IEA Secretariat
with splits by coal type for the period 2004 through
2010, and that losses for coal washing have been proportionately shared across all coal types, rather than
concentrated in coking coal.
Coal production, and particularly steam coal production in the Peoples Republic of China, has experienced a remarkable recovery since the late 1990s
when the government instituted a series of company
consolidations and mine closures. Total production
has increased by 149% since 2000, which has enabled
the country to meet the fast growing demand for coal
to generate electricity, manufacture cement, iron and
steel and for other industrial uses.
As a major coal exporter, the Peoples Republic of
China moved from the second largest coal exporter in
2001 to be 11th in the world in 2011. In addition to
this trend, they also became the largest coal-importing
country in 2011, surpassing Japans imports by
15.2 Mt and shifting their trade balance from net exports of 1.7 Mt in 2008, to net imports of 177.1 Mt in
2011. Their imports grew dramatically from 43.6 Mt
to 190.5 Mt (Table II.14), while exports were reduced
to less than a third of their prior quantity, from
45.3 Mt to 13.5 Mt (Table II.13), over this three-year
period.
India was the second largest non-OECD coal producer
and third largest in the world in 2011. Their steam coal
production increased by 2.1% to 509.1 Mt. Although it
dominates South Asian production, it contains a very
high ash quotient and is almost exclusively consumed
domestically.
Indonesia was the 4th largest steam coal producer in
2011 with coal production reaching 373.7 Mt, up
15.8% from its 2010 level, which in turn was up
11.6% from 2009. In 2011, Indonesia became the
largest coal exporter, surpassing Australia.
Coking coal production

World coking coal production increased by 7.4% in
2011 (Table II.4) and was the ninth straight year of
increased production. This continued to be driven by
growth in the non-OECD countries with an increase
of 11.5% (or 70.1 Mt) in 2011, as production in
OECD countries declined by 1.1% or 3.2 Mt.
Table II.4 Major coking coal producers [Mt]
PR of China
Australia
United States
Russian Federation
India
Canada
Mongolia
Ukraine
Kazakhstan
Poland
Germany
Czech Republic
Colombia
South Africa
Mexico
Indonesia
Other
2009
419.8
129.8
46.6
59.9
34.8
23.0
4.7
19.2
11.0
8.5
9.1
5.9
1.9
1.7
1.8
2.0
5.2
2010
455.3
162.9
68.6
66.9
34.1
28.2
15.8
17.7
11.9
11.7
7.1
6.0
3.2
2.1
1.6
2.2
5.0
2011e
503.6
146.2
81.7
78.5
35.5
29.5
20.0
19.8
12.7
11.4
6.8
5.2
3.6
2.8
2.6
2.5
4.9
World
784.8
900.3
967.3
Australia was the worlds second largest producer of

coking coal and the largest exporter, but its production
declined by 16.7 Mt due to adverse weather conditions, while the United States, as the third largest producer and second largest exporter, showed strong
growth in production (13 Mt).
Lignite production
Table II.5 Major lignite* producers [Mt]
2009
169.9
115.5
69.0
75.6
65.8
72.0
57.1
64.9
45.4
34.1
38.5
27.1
34.0
17.8
14.9
5.6
62.5
969.7
Germany
PR of China
Russian Federation
Turkey
United States
Australia
Poland
Greece
Czech Republic
India
Serbia
Bulgaria
Romania
Thailand
Estonia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Other
World
2010
169.4
125.3
76.1
69.7
71.0
72.1
56.5
56.5
43.8
37.7
38.0
29.4
31.1
18.3
17.9
5.6
64.9
983.4
2011e
176.5
136.3
77.6
74.4
73.4
69.5
62.8
58.8
42.9
41.3
40.8
37.7
35.3
21.1
18.7
10.1
63.7
1 041.0
* Lignite also includes oil shale.

IEA/OECD, 2012
OECD production is in the Asia Oceania region and

the remaining 9% is in the OECD Europe region.
Worldwide, lignite production rose by 5.9% to

1 041.0 Mt in 2011 (Table II.5), reaching a level not seen
since 1990. OECD lignite production rose by 3.5% to
604.0 Mt after three years of decline, led by increases
in Germany (7.1 Mt), Poland (6.3 Mt) and Turkey
(4.7 Mt). Non-OECD lignite production rose even
more strongly, increasing by 37.5 Mt to a record level
of 437.1 Mt in 2011.
Following its 1989 peak of 1 210.9 Mt, world lignite
production declined as a general trend through to
1999, largely as a result of contractions of demand
and supply in central and Eastern Europe. Production
stabilised from 2000 onwards in countries such as
Australia, Canada, Germany, Greece, Romania, the
Russian Federation and Serbia. After 2000, there were
significant increases in Bulgaria, India. Production increased in the Peoples Republic of China from 83.1 Mt
in 2004 to 136.3 Mt in 2011, making China the worlds
second largest producer and consumer of lignite.
2010 proved recoverable reserves represent over

130 years of production at current levels, down from
139 years estimated last year and 154 years, two years
ago. This is primarily due to two factors the relative
insensitivity of resources to the current price window,
and additionally, the rapid expansion year-over-year
of annual production in recent times.
Another estimate published by the World Energy
Council (WEC) in 1978 set proved coal reserves at
636.4 billion tonnes. Thus, world proved coal reserves
are 58% larger than they were 33 years before, even
accounting for the fact that production from 1978 to
2011 amounted to a further 164.4 billion tonnes. It is
also important to note that world hard coal total resources are estimated to be 17.2 trillion tonnes or over
17 times proved reserves.1
Coal reserve estimates
Another estimate published by the WEC on reserves

at the end of 2002 set proved coal reserves at
909.1 billion tonnes. Even though it is difficult to
compare the estimates from two different sources, the
increase observed between the end-2002 coal reserves
and the 2010 coal reserves suggests that, as the prices
increased, a part of the resources were reallocated to
recoverable reserves as they became economical to
mine.
In its most recent study, the German Federal Institute

for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) estimates the current proved recoverable global coal reserves at 1 003.8 billion tonnes (Table II.6), which
was an increase of 3.3 billion tonnes from 2009. The
1. Reserves, Resources and Availability of Energy Resources, Federal

Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hanover, Germany
2011.
Coal resources and

reserves
Table II.6 Proved recoverable reserves in 2010 and 2011 production [Mt]
Proved recoverable reserves 2010
Hard coal
(1)
Soft brown
coal(1)
Total
Production 2011
Steam coal
Coking
coal
Lignite
Total
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
OECD Total
232 532
45 291
16 771
294 594
33 062
43 860
55 599
132 521
265 594
89 151
72 370
427 115
887.4
203.2
105.6
1 196.2
113.7
148.3
24.6
286.7
83.2
70.2
450.5
604.0
1 084.3
421.8
580.8
2 086.8
Transition Economies
of which: Russian Federation
People's Republic of China
Asia excluding China
of which: India
Non OECD Americas
of which: Colombia
Africa and Middle East
123 810
68 655
180 600
89 643
74 629
7 945
4 945
31 504
108 039
91 350
11 000
18 869
4 858
5 073
9
231 849
160 005
191 600
108 512
79 487
13 018
4 945
31 513
323.2
177.7
2 831.1
978.9
509.1
85.9
80.2
254.8
111.1
78.5
503.6
58.1
35.5
3.6
3.6
4.3
224.9
77.6
136.3
73.6
41.3
2.2
-
659.2
333.8
3 471.1
1 110.6
585.9
91.7
83.8
259.0
World
728 278
275 510
1 003 788
5 760.1
967.3
1041.0
7 678.4
(1) Soft brown coal is lignite with a calorific value of less that 16.5 MJ/kg, which differs from the IEA definition of lignite.
(1) Hard coal for this purpose is all other coals.
Sources:
Reserves - Bundesanstalt fr Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) www.bgr.bund.de

Production - International Energy Agency, Coal Information 2012
IEA/OECD, 2012
Region
Table II.7 Total coal consumption [Mtce]

(selected countries)
Geographic location of proved coal reserves

Although coal resources are widely distributed
around the world2, proved coal reserves tend to be
concentrated in the countries which rely on coal for
domestic energy or export revenue. OECD Americas
and the Transition Economy countries controlled
26.5% and 23.1% of the proved total coal reserves,
respectively. The Peoples Republic of China accounts for 19.1% of proved reserves and 10.8% are
in Asia (excluding the Peoples Republic of China).
Thus, almost 80% of proved coal reserves are concentrated in just four regions. Looking at just hard
coal reserves, OECD Americas contains 31.9% of
world reserves and the same four regions possess
86.0% of all coal reserves.
Consumption
Total coal consumption3
In 2011, 76.4% of world coal consumption was accounted for by just five countries: the Peoples Republic
of China (excluding Hong Kong), the United States,
India, the Russian Federation and Japan (Table II.7).
This is an increase from 75.7% in 2010. If a second
set of five countries is added to the 2011 list, South
Africa, Germany, Korea, Poland and Chinese Taipei,
then 86.0% of the world coal consumption is accounted for.
OECD consumption
As OECD countries initially rebounded from the onset
of the economic crisis in 2009, so did their coal consumption increasing from 1 467.0 Mtce (the lowest
value since 1995) to 1 545.4 Mtce in 2010. In 2011,
OECD coal consumption decreased by 2.1% to
1 512.8 Mtce, 108.9 Mtce lower than 2008, and accounting for 28.7% of global coal consumption.
OECD Countries
United States
Japan
Korea
Germany
Poland
Australia
Turkey
United Kingdom
Canada
Czech Republic
Italy
Spain
France
Mexico
Greece
Israel
Netherlands
Chile
Estonia
Other OECD
Non-OECD Countries
PR of China
India
Russian Federation
South Africa
Chinese Taipei
Ukraine
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Thailand
DPR of Korea
Brazil
Malaysia
Vietnam
Philippines
Bulgaria
Hong Kong (China)
Serbia
Romania
Other Non-OECD
European Union
2009
2010
2011e
693.6
144.7
92.4
100.1
77.6
74.9
42.4
42.6
31.6
24.8
18.5
14.7
15.0
11.2
12.0
10.2
10.5
5.0
4.2
40.7
718.2
163.7
104.3
106.6
86.0
73.5
45.6
44.5
31.2
26.0
20.4
11.2
16.1
12.1
11.2
10.6
10.6
6.6
5.5
41.5
697.0
154.8
113.6
104.1
85.8
60.0
48.4
44.5
27.8
24.9
21.9
11.4
13.5
13.2
11.4
10.8
10.5
7.5
5.8
40.0
2 200.8
401.9
137.3
146.9
54.4
49.5
43.6
45.2
21.3
23.4
15.2
15.1
17.9
8.3
9.1
10.9
10.8
10.2
2 326.1
410.1
165.8
143.9
58.1
53.6
43.5
48.8
23.1
22.2
18.9
20.9
20.9
10.9
9.8
9.1
10.3
9.0
2 550.7
446.0
177.5
137.4
60.8
55.8
53.1
52.0
23.5
22.9
21.7
21.6
17.3
12.0
11.8
11.4
11.4
10.9
48.8
50.5
56.5
377.6
396.0
400.1
Total IEA
1 434.2
1 508.6
1 473.4
Total OECD
1 467.0
1 545.4
1 512.8
Total Non-OECD
3 270.3
3 455.5
3 754.3
World
4 737.3
5000.9
5267.1
2. The range of definitions of coal resources and reserves and an

overview of the national classification systems is provided in an
Appendix to Major Coalfields of the World, IEA Coal Research, London,
June 2000.
3. Total coal refers to the sum of anthracite, other bituminous coal,
coking coal, sub-bituminous coal and lignite, converted to a common
energy unit, million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce).
The term total coal refers to the sum of anthracite, other bituminous coal, coking coal, sub-bituminous coal and lignite after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent - tce).
The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the
coal in question by the total volume of the coal consumed, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. The energy content of one
tonne of coal equivalent is 29.3 Gigajoules (GJ) or 7000 kcal and
corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).
Consumption refers to Total Primary Energy Supply.
IEA/OECD, 2012
See Table 2.2 Part III for historical data.
The United States, the largest OECD coal consumer,

decreased its coal consumption by 3.0% (21.3 Mtce).
In OECD Europe, coal consumption is estimated to
have reached 426.2 Mtce in 2011, a 0.6% increase
from the level of consumption in 2010. Total coal
consumption in the OECD Asia Oceania region was
341.3 Mtce, a decrease of 12.6 Mt from 2010. This
was driven by reported decreases in Japan and
Australia, where coal consumption decreased by
8.9 Mtce, and 13.5 Mtce, respectively.
Non-OECD consumption
Total coal consumption in the non-OECD countries
continued its strong growth, increasing by 8.6% to
3 754.3 Mtce. This was mainly due to the Peoples
Republic of China, which further strengthened its position as the worlds largest coal-consuming country
in 2011. Consumption in China was calculated to increase to 2 550.7 Mtce, or 48.4% of total world coal
consumption on a calorific basis.
Consumption also increased in other major coal consuming countries, including India (8.7%), the Russian
Federation (7.1%), Chinese Taipei (4.8%), Ukraine
(4.2%) and Indonesia (21.8%).
Table II.8 Major steam coal consumers* [Mt]

2009
2010
2011e
PR of China
United States
India
South Africa
Japan
Korea
Russian Federation
Poland
Kazakhstan
Indonesia
Chinese Taipei
Australia
Ukraine
Germany
DPR or Korea
Canada
Other
2 378.9
839.3
530.7
189.1
111.4
85.7
69.6
65.8
56.8
57.8
55.8
66.7
33.8
36.5
28.6
35.2
261.1
2 520.1
862.2
553.6
186.9
127.7
92.8
97.8
72.5
61.1
57.8
57.8
64.1
38.6
43.4
27.4
34.3
279.1
2 771.7
832.1
591.1
178.8
121.5
98.1
92.2
71.5
66.4
64.7
62.5
45.8
41.1
37.5
28.0
27.6
293.0
World
4 946.2
5 222.6
5 469.2
* Steam coal comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and

sub-bituminous for all countries.
Coking coal consumption

Coking coal consumption in the OECD (Table II.9)
increased by 1.1% to 187.5 Mt in 2011. However, this
remains 4.4% below the pre-economic crisis level in
2008.
Table II.9 Major coking coal consumers [Mt]
2009
2010
PR of China
Russian Federation
India
Japan
Korea
Ukraine
United States
Germany
Kazakhstan
Brazil
Poland
United Kingdom
Turkey
Canada
Italy
Australia
Netherlands
Other
443.4
46.8
54.6
52.3
21.2
24.8
14.0
15.5
10.7
9.1
9.9
5.7
7.2
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.4
35.4
459.4
49.7
51.9
57.7
27.2
26.4
19.2
15.1
11.6
11.0
12.3
6.0
7.5
3.7
5.1
4.1
4.0
40.1
499.6
64.7
54.8
53.8
32.3
26.6
19.4
15.8
12.4
12.0
11.8
5.7
5.6
5.6
5.2
4.4
4.2
44.0
World
764.6
812.0
877.7
Steam coal consumption
Non-OECD steam coal consumption increased by

8.0% to 4 040.3 Mt in 2011. Increases were once
again led by the Peoples Republic of China, who
increased consumption from 2 520.1 Mt in 2010
to 2 771.7 Mt in 2011. In addition, India (37.6 Mt),
Indonesia (6.9 Mt), Kazakhstan (5.3 Mt) and
Chinese Taipei (4.7 Mt) also had showed prominent
increases.
Coking coal consumption has generally been declining in the OECD since the late-1980s. Several factors
have combined to weaken coking coal consumption.
First, there is the growing use of pulverised coal injection (PCI) and heavy fuel oil injection into blast
IEA/OECD, 2012
World steam coal consumption was up 4.7% in 2011,

to 5 469.2 Mt (Table II.8). Steam coal consumption in
the OECD countries decreased by 3.5% to 1 428.9 Mt.
Viewed on a regional basis, steam coal consumption
decreased by 3.8% in OECD Americas and 6.2% in
OECD Asia Oceania, while increasing by 0.4% in
OECD Europe. The countries with the largest increases in 2011 were: Spain (8.8 Mt), Korea (5.2 Mt)
and Turkey (3.1 Mt). This was overshadowed by
decreases in the United States (30.2 Mt), Australia
(18.2 Mt), Canada (6.7 Mt), Japan (6.1 Mt) and
Germany (5.9 Mt).
2011e
World consumption of coking coal in 2011 is estimated to have increased by 8.1% to 877.7 Mt. In
2011, the Peoples Republic of China accounted for
56.9% of global coking coal consumption. The next
five major coking coal consumers are: the Russian
Federation, India, Japan, Korea and Ukraine. Together
they accounted for another 26.5% of world annual coking coal consumption.
The OECD countries mostly used their coking coal
for the production of coke oven coke. In 2011, they
produced 125.9 Mt of coke oven coke and consumed
125.1 Mt (Tables 1.6 and 2.6, Part III).
The latest available data for 2010 shows that total PCI
consumption rebounded from a large decline in 2009
by 33.4% (Table II.10). The top five PCI consumers
(Japan, Korea, Germany, the Russian Federation and
India) accounted for 71.3% of all PCI consumption.
Table II.10 PCI Used in blast furnaces
(major consumers in thousand tonnes)
Japan
Korea
Germany
Russian Federation
India
France
United States
Italy
Chinese Taipei
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Australia
Spain
Turkey
Sweden
Slovak Republic
Colombia
Belgium
World
2009
2010
8 625
6 381
1 833
3 315
2 615
1 343
1 501
942
678
938
852
647
269
462
275
383
300
46
11 646
7 695
3 959
3 821
2 743
2 410
1 964
1 459
1 109
1 018
978
697
681
553
413
356
196
172
31 405
41 902
See Table 5.4 in Part III for other countries and historical data.
World totals are Secretariat estimates. Includes granular coal
injection for some countries. Data for PR China is not available.
Lignite consumption
Consumption of lignite on a global basis increased by
60.9 Mt or 6.2% in 2011 (Table II.11). Germany
remained the largest producer and consumer of
lignite, using 176.3 Mt, while the Peoples Republic
of China strengthed its position in second place, consuming 132.6 Mt, ahead of Russia (77.8 Mt), Turkey
(74.4 Mt) and the United States (73.9 Mt).
Table II.11 Major lignite* consumers [Mt]
2009
2010
2011e
169.8
119.0
70.2
75.6
65.1
72.0
57.1
65.2
44.2
34.4
38.9
27.2
33.4
17.8
13.7
5.3
8.9
169.5
123.4
76.3
69.2
68.3
72.1
56.6
57.7
43.7
37.7
37.5
29.4
30.8
18.0
17.9
5.6
8.9
176.3
132.6
77.8
74.4
73.9
69.5
62.7
59.7
41.9
41.3
41.3
37.7
35.4
21.1
18.7
10.0
9.6
Other
52.6
52.8
52.8
World
970.7
975.6
1036.6
Germany
PR of China
Russian Federation
Turkey
United States
Australia
Poland
Greece
Czech Republic
India
Serbia
Bulgaria
Romania
Thailand
Estonia
Hungary
* Lignite also includes oil shale.

Trade
World coal trade
Export trade of all types of coal in the world rose by
6.0% in 2011, reaching 1 142.0 Mt (Table II.12). This
was composed of 861.2 Mt of steam coal exports,
276.0 Mt of coking coal exports and 4.8 Mt of lignite
exports. This followed a 15.6% increase in 2010 as
markets recovered from the falls in 2009 as a consequence of the global downturn.
The breakdown between coking coal, steam coal, and
lignite statistics in world coal trade is affected by the
practice of some countries. For example, Australia
includes some steam coal (soft or semi-soft coking
coal, used for blending or as PCI) in their coking coal
statistics. However, other countries include this trade
in their steam coal import statistics.
IEA/OECD, 2012
furnaces. Coal used for PCI is generally of steam coal

quality, so steam coal is displacing coke oven coke
(usually manufactured from coking coal) as a carbon
source. Second, the steel industries in the OECD
countries are experiencing technological evolution
where traditional integrated steel production, which
relies on coke oven coke, is losing ground to electric
arc furnace technology, which does not require coke.
Third, there has been a general migration of integrated
steel manufacturing from the OECD to the non-OECD
countries.
Table II.12 World coal trade [Mt]

Steam coal exports
Coking coal exports
Lignite exports
Steam coal imports
Coking coal imports
Lignite imports
Total exports
Total imports
Balancing item
2009
716.8
211.5
3.6
722.9
201.5
9.1
932.0
933.5
1.5
Table II.14 Major coal importers [Mt]
2010
788.3
283.8
4.9
796.3
228.0
8.4
1077.0
1 032.8
-44.2
2011e
861.2
276.0
4.8
864.9
228.8
8.7
1 142.0
1 102.4
-39.6
Note: The balancing item is the difference between total coal

imports and total coal exports. This is primarily due to the different
coal classification methodologies used by the importing and exporting countries, which does not hold on a global basis. It also
occurs because of coal in-transit, coal that is unaccounted for,
and reporting discrepancies by importing and exporting countries.
Exports
Indonesia became the world's leading coal exporter in
2011 with total exports reaching 309.5 Mt, up 15.8%
in 2010 (Table II.13). During the same period,
Australian exports declined by 8.1 Mt to 284.5 Mt.
This was largely a result of flooding in some of its
mines (Table II.13). Other countries that had large increases in coal exports were the United States (23.2 Mt),
Colombia (7.4 Mt), and South Africa (5.3 Mt).
PR of China
Japan
Korea
India
Chinese Taipei
Germany
United Kingdom
Russian Federation
Netherlands
Turkey
Italy
Malaysia
Brazil
Thailand
Spain
Other
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
OECD Total
Africa + Mid. East
Other Asia Oceania
Oth. Europe + Eurasia
Other Americas
Non-OECD Total
2009
131.9
163.7
103.0
73.3
58.6
38.5
38.2
24.1
19.9
20.4
19.5
14.5
12.7
16.7
17.0
181.5
45.7
279.2
220.4
545.3
10.3
321.6
39.9
16.3
388.1
2010
163.1
185.4
118.6
84.6
63.2
45.7
26.5
25.5
20.5
21.3
22.1
20.7
15.9
16.8
12.8
190.0
44.8
316.5
218.2
579.5
10.7
376.4
46.6
19.6
453.3
2011e
190.5
175.4
129.2
105.7
66.3
41.3
32.6
24.5
24.5
23.8
23.5
21.5
19.5
16.4
16.2
191.6
37.8
317.0
232.4
587.2
11.6
430.8
48.5
24.3
515.2
World
933.5
1 032.8
1 102.4
Statistics for coal imports presented in this table are shown for selected countries with historic data in Part III, Tables 3.5 and 3.7.
Table II.13 Major coal exporters [Mt]

2009
233.4
261.7
106.4
53.6
66.8
52.0
28.6
28.6
25.0
7.0
22.4
46.4
2010
267.2
292.6
132.8
74.1
68.1
66.4
31.3
33.4
19.7
17.4
19.1
54.7
2011e
309.5
284.5
123.7
97.3
75.5
71.7
34.0
33.7
24.4
22.1
13.5
52.0
World
932.0
1 077.0
1 142.0
Statistics for hard coal exports presented in this table are shown
for selected countries with historic data in Part III, Table 3.16.
The Peoples Republic of Chinas ranking dropped to

11th in terms of largest coal exporters exporting
13.5 Mt. This is less than a third of the amount they exported in 2008 (45.3 Mt) and one seventh of what they
exported in 2003. Moreover, the Peoples Republic of
China now imports over 14 times more than it exports.
Imports
Total world coal imports were 1 102.4 Mt in 2011, a
6.7% increase over 2010 (Table II.14). Of this
69.6 Mt of additional trade, 61.9 Mt had a non-OECD
country destination, with just 7.7 Mt of import growth
in OECD countries.
Looking at the OECD Asia Oceania and non-OECD

Asia Oceania regions, we can see that total imports
reached 747.8 Mt, or 67.8% of all imports, with the top
five individual importers being from this region. The
following six countries were from Europe or Eurasia.
However their combined imports of 170.2 Mt are
20.3 Mt less than the Peoples Republic of Chinas
alone.
The largest growth in coal imports was in the Peoples
Republic of China (27.4 Mt), India (21.2 Mt) and
Korea (10.6 Mt) who were three of the top four importers. The United Kingdom also grew by 6.1 Mt.
Steam coal trade

Total world steam coal exports increased by 72.9 Mt
or 9.2% in 2011 (Table II.15). Ranked in terms of
change in tonnage, Indonesia (43.9 Mt), the United
States (11.0 Mt), Australia (8.7 Mt), Colombia
(8.5 Mt), and South Africa (6.0 Mt) all experienced
substantial increases in exports. Indonesia further increased their world steam coal market share from
33.6% to 35.9%. Australia, the Russian Federation,
Colombia, and South Africa followed with respective
shares of 16.7%, 12.7%, 8.8%, and 8.3%, as Australia
and Indonesia both produced record export levels.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Indonesia
Australia
Russian Federation
United States
Colombia
South Africa
Kazakhstan
Canada
Vietnam
Mongolia
PR of China
Other
Indonesia
Australia
Russian Federation
Colombia
South Africa
United States
Kazakhstan
Vietnam
PR of China
Ukraine
Canada
Other
World
2009
231.4
136.5
92.3
66.0
51.4
19.6
28.0
25.0
21.7
4.8
6.9
33.2
716.8
2010
265.0
135.4
114.2
66.9
65.6
23.0
29.1
19.7
17.6
5.9
5.8
40.1
788.3
2011e
308.9
144.1
109.4
75.4
71.6
34.1
31.8
24.4
10.6
7.5
5.9
37.6
861.2
Statistics for steam coal exports presented in this table are shown
In 2011, steam coal imports in the Asia-Oceania market

increased by 52.3 Mt to reach 593.7 Mt (Table II.16),
230.9 Mt of which was to OECD countries. AsiaOceania imports represented 68.6% of total world
steam coal trade in 2011, up from 68.0% in the previous year. In recent years, Asia Oceanias share has
been steadily increasing. Part of the reasons why this
trend did not continue this year include lower Japanese
imports (-6.2 Mt), and higher demand in Europe and
Eurasia (+19.8 Mt).
Despite the conscious move away from nuclear power
in 2011 (as discussed in Part II, Section 7), Japan did
not experience a surge in coal demand due to potential
fuel switching. This occurred because of deliberate
load management, naturally depressed demand and
supply chain disruptions, amongst other factors. As a
consequence, steam coal imports decreased by 6.2 Mt.
The Peoples Republic of Chinas steam coal imports
grew by 19.0% to 146.4 Mt in 2011 as international
trade continued to be an appealing option. Other major importers in the region were Korea (96.9 Mt up
6.5 Mt), India (86.4 Mt up 21.3 Mt), and Chinese
Taipei (62.5 Mt up 4.9 Mt). In 2011, the major
steam coal suppliers to this Asia Oceania market were
Indonesia, Australia, South Africa, the Russian Federation and Vietnam.
Steam coal imports in the European market were
219.6 Mt in 2011, 9.9% higher than in 2010. This
market now represents 25.4% of total world steam
coal trade. Within the region, the major Europe/
Eurasian importers were Germany (32.5 Mt), the
United Kingdom (27.1 Mt), the Russian Federation
(23.8 Mt), the Netherlands (20.1 Mt), Turkey
(19.2 Mt), and Italy (17.9 Mt). The 2011 main steam
coal suppliers to this market were the Russian
Federation, Colombia, the United States, South Africa,
Indonesia, Poland and Ukraine.
Table II.16 Major steam coal importers [Mt]

PR of China
Japan
Korea
India
Chinese Taipei
Germany
United Kingdom
Russian Federation
Malaysia
Netherlands
Turkey
Italy
Thailand
Spain
Hong Kong (China)
Other
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
OECD Total
Africa + Mid. East
Other Asia Oceania
Other Americas
Non-OECD Total
World
2009
91.4
111.4
82.3
48.6
54.5
32.0
33.0
23.6
14.5
16.9
15.2
16.3
16.7
15.0
12.3
139.2
41.8
206.3
178.3
426.4
6.5
251.9
31.8
6.3
296.5
722.9
2010
122.9
127.7
90.4
65.1
57.6
37.9
20.3
24.0
20.7
15.9
16.2
17.0
16.8
10.0
10.3
143.3
39.7
230.7
165.0
435.5
7.1
310.7
34.8
8.2
360.9
796.3
2011e
146.4
121.5
96.9
86.4
62.5
32.5
27.1
23.8
21.5
20.1
19.2
17.9
16.4
13.7
12.9
145.9
31.8
230.9
181.5
444.3
8.6
362.7
38.1
11.1
420.6
864.9
Statistics for steam coal imports presented in this table are shown for
selected countries with historic data in Part III, Tables 3.10 and 3.12.
In the OECD Americas, steam coal imports decreased

by 19.9% to 31.8 Mt in 2011. The largest supplier to
the North American market was Colombia, followed
by trade between Canada and the United States, then
Australia, Indonesia and South Africa.
In 2011, 11.1 Mt of steam coal was imported by nonOECD American countries, (67.5% of which went to
Brazil, up from 63.5% in 2010). The largest suppliers
to the non-OECD Americas were Colombia, the
United States, South Africa, the Russian Federation
and Venezuela.
Coking coal trade

Total world coking coal export trade decreased by
2.8% to 276.0 Mt in 2011 (Table II.17).
Australia remained by far the largest exporter of coking coal at 140.5 Mt, accounting for 50.9% of the coking coal trade in 2011. The United States remained as
the second-ranking coking coal exporter with a volume of 63.1 Mt, a 23.9% increase from 2010, while
third-ranked Canada exported 27.7 Mt of coking coal,
a 0.5% increase over 2010.
Coking coal exports from Mongolia increased by
27.5% to 20.0 Mt, as the country continued to open up
to new development, with China being the major benificiary of these exports.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table II.15 Major steam coal exporters [Mt]
Australia
United States
Canada
Mongolia
Russian Federation
PR of China
Czech Republic
New Zealand
Poland
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Other
World
2009
125.2
33.8
21.5
4.6
13.3
0.6
4.0
2.0
1.7
2.0
0.3
2.4
211.5
2010
157.3
50.1
27.5
15.7
18.0
1.5
3.5
2.3
1.8
2.2
0.3
2.8
283.8
2011e
140.1
63.0
27.7
20.0
13.8
2.9
2.5
2.1
1.7
0.6
0.3
0.9
276.0
Statistics for coking coal exports presented in this table are shown
Coking coal imports reported by Asia Oceania countries increased by 2.1 Mt to 148.2 Mt in 2011. Japan
accounted for 23.5% (53.8 Mt) of the world market in
2011, and remains the worlds largest single market
for imported coking coal (Table II.18). In 2011, the
Peoples Republic of Chinas coking coal imports rose
to 38.3 Mt, and now accounts for 16.7% of the world
market.
Table II.18 Major coking coal importers [Mt]
Japan
PR of China
Korea
India
Brazil
Germany
Ukraine
Italy
United Kingdom
Turkey
Netherlands
Chinese Taipei
France
Canada
Belgium
Other
2009
52.3
34.4
20.7
24.7
9.1
6.4
5.3
3.2
5.2
5.2
3.0
4.1
3.6
2.2
1.7
20.3
2010
57.7
34.8
28.2
19.5
10.7
7.8
7.7
5.1
6.2
5.1
4.6
5.5
4.6
3.1
2.8
24.6
2011e
53.8
38.3
32.2
19.3
12.0
8.8
7.0
5.6
5.5
4.6
4.3
3.8
3.8
3.8
2.7
23.4
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
OECD Total
3.7
73.0
40.5
117.2
4.9
85.8
51.9
142.7
5.9
86.1
50.0
141.6
3.8
63.7
6.7
10.0
84.2
3.5
60.3
10.1
11.5
85.4
3.0
62.1
9.0
13.2
87.2
201.5
228.0
228.8
Africa + Mid. East

Other Asia Oceania
Other Americas
Non-OECD Total
World
Statistics for coking coal imports presented in this table are shown for
selected countries with historic data in Part III, Tables 3.9 and 3.11.
Other major importers in the region were Korea

(32.2 Mt) and India (19.3 Mt). The major coking coal
supplier to this regional market in 2010 was Australia,
with over half of the supply, followed by Mongolia,

Canada and the United States.
Coking coal imports to the Europe/Eurasian market
were 58.7 Mt in 2011, a decrease from 62.0 Mt in
2010. Within the region, the major importers were:
Germany (8.8 Mt), Ukraine (7.0 Mt), Italy (5.6 Mt),
the United Kingdom (5.5 Mt), Turkey (4.6 Mt), the
Netherlands (4.3 Mt) and France (3.8 Mt). The main
coking coal suppliers to this market in 2011 were the
United States, Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic,
Poland and the Russian Federation.
Within OECD Americas, coking coal imports are
primarily between Canada and the United States.
About 5.9 Mt of coking coal was traded in the region
in 2010, up from 4.9 Mt in 2010.
In 2011, non-OECD Americas had imports of 13.2 Mt
of coking coal, 12.0 Mt of which went to Brazil. The
main suppliers to this regional market were the
United States, Australia and Canada.
Coke oven coke trade

The OECD countries imports of coke oven coke decreased by 15.1% (2.2 Mt) between 2010 and 2011 as
imports fell to 12.2 Mt (Table 3.13, Part III). Germany
alone accounted for 28.0% of the OECD coke imports
in 2011 despite a decline of 0.9 Mt or 21.0%. Imports
in the United States rose by 16.7%, reaching 1.3 Mt,
however, this remains 2.0 Mt lower than the 2008
import level.
Coke exports from the OECD countries also declined
from 12.0 Mt in 2010 to 11.6 Mt in 2011, a decrease
of 3.9% (Table 3.22, Part III). Poland, Japan, the
United States, and the Czech Republic were the top
exporters, with more than half of all coke oven coke
exports coming from Poland. The second largest
OECD coke oven coke exporter was Japan with 1.0 Mt.
Coke statistics for the non-OECD countries are not
available for 2011. However, for 2010, non-OECD
coke imports and exports grew significantly from
2009 imports to 11.8 Mt and exports to 10.5 Mt.
Within the non-OECD countries, India (2.0 Mt), Brazil
(1.8 Mt), Chinese Taipei (1.4 Mt), the Islamic Republic
of Iran (1.2 Mt), and Kazakhstan and Serbia (both
0.8 Mt) were the main importers. Four countries accounted for over 83.5% of the non-OECD coke oven
coke exports in 2010, the Peoples Republic of China
(3.4 Mt), the Russian Federation (2.3 Mt), Colombia
(1.7 Mt) and Ukraine (1.5 Mt).
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table II.17 Major coking coal exporters [Mt]
Figure II.1: OECD international trade values for steam coal and oil
(USD/tce)
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Crude oil (IEA CIF import cost)

Natural gas (pipeline)
Steam coal (OECD CIF import cost)

Liquified natural gas (LNG)
Heavy fuel oil (Spot Rotterdam)
Notes: Spot prices for heavy fuel oil are not directly comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. They are, however, closely correlated with
average CIF crude oil prices, which are, by definition comparable to customs unit values for steam coal. As a consequence, it is not unreasonable to compare customs unit values for steam coal with spot prices of heavy fuel oil. Steam coal and crude oil are IEA average and CIF import
values. Steam coal excludes intra-EU trade. Heavy fuel oil is Rotterdam spot market value, 3.5% sulphur.
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.
Figure II.2: Steam coal import and export value comparison

(USD/t)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
Japan CIF
EU Member States CIF
Australia FOB
South Africa FOB
Colombia FOB
Data for 2011 are unavailable due to resource constraints.

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Figure II.3: Delivered steam coal prices in Europe and Asia (USD/t CIF)
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
McCloskey Northwest Europe CIF
McCloskey Asian CIF
Source: The McCloskey Group, McCloskeys Coal Report
Figure II.4: FOB port steam coal prices in South Africa and Australia (USD/t FOB)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
South Africa (Richards Bay)
Source: The McCloskey Group, McCloskeys Coal Report
Australia (Newcastle)
IEA/OECD, 2012
CO2 emissions (2009)

World CO2 emissions from combustion of fossil fuels
increased by 106% between 1971 and 2009, going
from 14.1 Gt in 1971 to 21.0 Gt in 1990 and 29.0 Gt
in 2009. However, this is 455 Mt less than the record
level in 2008 and the first annual global decrease
since 1992. Over this same 39 year period, coalrelated emissions increased by 140% from 5.2 Gt in
1971 to 8.3 Gt in 1990 and 12.5 Gt in 2009 to now
account for 43% of CO2 emissions (Figure II.5). Coal,
since 2005, is the leading source of world CO2 emissions ahead of oil and natural gas. Since 2002, CO2
emissions from coal have grown by 4.7% on an average annual basis (or 492 Mt/y), 89.4%4 of which has
come from rapid growth in the Peoples Republic of
China.
Figure II.5: World CO2 emissions by fuel
15
Gt CO2
10
picture, emissions from international marine and aviation bunkers declined by 32 Mt or 3%. This was the
third time since the formation of the IEA in 1974
where OECD CO2 emissions from coal, oil and gas all
decreased in the same year. The other two times were
1975 and 1982, and this is the first time it has also
occurred globally.
The annual growth in emissions from fossil fuels averaged 2.1% between 1971 and 1990, while it averaged 1.1% between 1990 and 2000. This lower pace
of growth after 1990 is in part related to the collapse
of the formerly centrally-planned economies of Central
and Eastern Europe, which led to a rapid decline in
output from inefficient industrial sectors and the restructuring of these economies. Other important factors
include the use of more efficient technologies, fuel
switching and renewable energy sources. The rapid
expansion of non-OECD economies since 2000 has
caused their emissions to increase on average by 5.3%
between 2000 and 2009, with non-OECD coal emissions increasing by 7.4% per annum over this period.
It is also important to note that these data encompass
the first full year of the global economic downturn,
during which non-OECD coal use continued to grow.
Figure II.6. Global change in CO2 emissions
(2008-2009)
400
200
Source: IEA/OECD CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion
In 2009, the global economy contracted by 0.6%,

which was the first global contraction in real terms
since the Second World War. Global coal emissions
decreased by 99 Mt, while natural gas emissions decreased by 128 Mt and those from oil decreased by
236 Mt (Figure II.6). In the OECD countries, nominal
GDP declined by 3.9%, TPES declined by 4.4% and
electricity generation declined by 3.7%, while the
OECD contribution to global emissions declined in
2009 by 754 Mt (5.9%), continuing on from a decline
of 343 Mt in 2008. Non-OECD sources of CO2 emissions rose by 331 Mt in 2009, and rounding out the
4. Excluding China and international bunkers, but including Hong

Kong, emissions from countries showing growth over this period increased by 822 Mt, while emissions in the remaining countries decreased by 500 Mt. Thus, overall emissions increased by 3.40 Gt, of
which Chinas contribution was 3.08 Gt or 89.4% of net growth, and
78.9% of all growth.
0
-200
-400
-600
-800
Coal
OECD
Oil
Non-OECD
Gas
Other
Total
Net (including bunkers)
Coal-related emissions in the non-OECD countries

became responsible for the majority of coal-related
global emissions from 1991 onward. The non-OECD
countries more than quadrupled their coal-related
emissions from 2.1 Gt in 1971 to 8.5 Gt in 2009,
whereas the increase in the OECD was 26.7% from
3.1 Gt in 1971 to 4.0 Gt in 2009, down from a peak of
4.5 Gt in 2007.
OECD emissions from fossil fuels increased from
9.4 Gt in 1971 to 11.2 Gt in 1990 and 12.0 Gt in 2009,
which represents an average annual growth rate of
0.7% between 1971 and 2009. As a result, the share
IEA/OECD, 2012
Oil
Other
Mt CO2
Coal and peat

Natural gas
for the OECD countries in total world CO2 emissions

declined from 67% in 1971 to 53% in 1990 and 42%
in 2009 (Figure II.7). This occurred as the share of the
non-OECD countries in total world CO2 emissions rose
from 30% in 1971 to 44% in 1990 and 55% in 2009.
Figure II.7: World CO2 emissions by region
55%
20
Non-Annex I
Annex I
Annex I
12
30%
4%
67%
Other
Annex I
44%
15
4%
3%
53%
42%
1990
2009
2
0
Other
NonAnnex I
Gt CO2
Brazil
South Af rica
NonAnnex I
Other
NonAnnex I
Other
Annex I
Brazil
India
India
China
South Af rica
Russian China
Bunkers
Fed.
Russian
Fed.
1990
Bunkers
2009

1971
OECD
Bunkers
Non OECD
One of the most important recent developments in

the world economy is the increasing economic integration of large non-OECD countries, in particular
Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, the Peoples
Republic of China and South Africa, the so-called
BRICS countries (Figure II.8). In 2009, these five
countries represented 33% of global energy use and
37% of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. The
Peoples Republic of China, the Russian Federation
and India constitute three of the four countries that
produced the most CO2 emissions in absolute terms.
Their shares are likely to rise further in coming years
if the ongoing strong economic performance currently enjoyed by most of these countries continues,
as many commentators expect.
CO2 emissions have been clearly linked to economic
growth as shown in the example of China, where
strongly increasing electricity production is the main
driver for record high CO2 emissions. Coal consumption for electricity generation increased by 248%
in China between 2000 and 2009, or 569% when
compared to 1990. The impact of this is visible in
Figure II.9, where OECD coal-related CO2 emissions
decreased from 4.2 Gt in 1990 to 4.0 Gt in 2009 the
lowest level since 1994. Therefore, the OECD share
of world CO2 emissions from coal decreased during
that period from 50% to 32%, as non-OECD coalrelated emissions increased from 4.1 Gt to 8.5 Gt over
the same period. In 2009, China contributed 5.7 Gt of
those 8.5 Gt, or 67% of non-OECD countries coal
emissions (and 46% of global coal emissions).
Annex I countries are: OECD nations (with the exception of Chile,

Estonia, Israel, Korea, Mexico and Slovenia), the European Union
(with the exception of Cyprus), Belarus, Croatia, Liechtenstein,
Monaco, the Russian Federation and Ukraine.
World CO2 emissions have also been influenced by

changes in international energy prices. Oil had been
the largest contributor to world emissions until 2005,
even though the upward trend was interrupted by the
oil shocks of 1974 and 1980. Even after the decline in
oil prices after 1985, the growth in emissions was partially mitigated as consuming countries adopted more
energy-efficient technologies and behaviour, and some
fuel switching occurred. In fact, as OECD countries
started diversifying their energy consumption after the
two oil shocks, their share of oil contributing to CO2
emissions gradually declined from a peak of 53% in
1973 to below half of total emissions in 1980. This has
continued to be the case ever since, despite 2009 road
transport emissions increasing by 27% since 1990 and
108% since 1971, to 3.0 Gt.
Figure II.9: Coal-related CO2 emissions by region
14
12
68%
10
8
50%
6
4
2
40%
(13%)
60%
(46%)
(23%)
50%
32%
1990
2009
0
1971
OECD
Non-OECD
of which: China
IEA/OECD, 2012
Gt CO2
Gt CO2
14
25
16
10
30
10
Figure II.8. The growing importance

of the BRICS countries
Oil, however, remains the main contributor to OECD

emissions and it generated 42.3% of the CO2 emissions in 2009, up from 41.9% in 2008, as coals share
of emissions decreased significantly to 33.0% from
34.2%. Natural gas increased its share of emissions
from 23.2% to 23.9%; however emissions from both
gas and oil fell in absolute terms as a result of the financial crisis. The share of oil and gas emissions rose
due to OECD coal emissions declining by 9.3% in
2009. Both consumption of and emissions from the
combustion of non-renewable waste continued to increase (Figure II.10).
Figure II.10: OECD CO2 emissions by fuel
60%
50%
by 409 Mt from 2008 levels, bringing it to a 33% share,

its lowest level since 1979.
World coal-related CO2 emissions due to electricity
and heat generation more than tripled between 1971
and 2009, from 2.4 Gt in 1971 to 8.5 Gt in 2009
(Figure II.11). During the same period, coal emissions
due to manufacturing industries and construction increase almost doubled, from 1.6 Gt in 1971 to 3.1 Gt.
Emissions from the other sectors were cut by 30%
between 1971 and 2009, falling from 1.2 Gt in 1971
to 0.9 Gt in 2009. As a result, the electricity and heat
generation share of world coal-related CO2 emissions
increased from 46% in 1971 to 68% in 2009. On the
other hand, the share of CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction fell from 31% in
1971 to 25% in 2009 in spite of its 94% increase from
1971 levels, while the share from other sector emissions fell from 23% to 7%.
40%
Figure II.11: World coal-related

CO2 emissions by sector
30%
14
10%
12
7%
0%
10
25%
Gt CO2
20%
Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Other
14%
27%
23%
68%
31%
59%
2
46%
0
1971
1990
2009
Electricity and heat production

Manuf acturing industries and construction
Other*
* Other includes residential, transport, commercial/public services,

agriculture, other energy industries and non-specified other sectors.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Within the OECD, coal is the second largest source of

CO2 emissions. Between 1971 and 1985, coal was
used as the main substitute for oil and its share of
emissions increased, especially between 1978 and
1985, from its lowest point (31%) to its highest point
(39%). After 1985, the share of emissions from coal
declined consistently and after 1994, coals share of
emissions remained between 33% and 35% of toal
OECD emissions. In 2009, coal emissions decreased
IEA/OECD, 2012
2. COAL SUPPLY AND INVESTMENT PROSPECTS

The following feature article is provided to acquaint the reader with some of the ongoing analytical work at the
IEA.
The 2011 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO) was released on 9 November 2011 and brings together the
latest data and policy developments to provide robust analysis and insight into global energy markets, today and
for the next 25 years. The IEAs flagship WEO publication gives the latest energy demand and supply projections
for different future scenarios, broken down by country, fuel and sector. It also provides a special focus on the role
of coal in driving economic growth in an emissions-constrained world.
The WEO was designed and directed by Dr Fatih Birol, and the coal analysis was co-ordinated by Pawe
Olejarnik. Find out more about the publication at: http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/.
The World Energy Outlook (WEO) assesses the

threats and opportunities facing the global energy system based on a rigorous quantitative analysis of energy and climate trends and does so using three scenarios: Current Policies; New Policies, where policy
commitments are assumed to be implemented; and a
450 Scenario which maps out steps required to avoid
the possibility of dangerous climate change.
The wide difference in outcomes between these three
scenarios underlines the critical role of governments
to define the objectives and implement the policies
necessary to shape our collective energy future.
The following text is a short excerpt from the WEOs
Outlook for Coal Markets that analyses the current
coal market and future prospects under the New Policies Scenario.
It should be noted that the investment outlined below
under this scenario represents less than 3% of the cumulative investment in energy infrastructure required
between now and 2035, and furthermore that the New
Policies Scenario is incompatible with an emissions
trajectory which successfully limits anthropogenic
warming to a further 2C.
Coal market and industry

structure
International markets
International coal trade takes place largely within two
distinct geographical zones: the Atlantic and Pacific
Basins. In the Atlantic Basin, Colombia, Russia and
South Africa are the main exporters of steam and coking coal, mostly to Europe, though South African coal
also moves eastwards, mainly to India. In the Pacific
Basin, the main exporters are Australia and Indonesia,
supplying their traditional markets in Japan, Korea
and Chinese Taipei, but recently also China and India.
Exceptions to these general export patterns do exist:
some Australian and Indonesian coal goes to Europe
and the United States exports steam coal to Europe
and coking coal to other markets. Canada is also an
exporter of coking coal in the Pacific Basin and
Mongolia is joining its ranks. Mozambique will soon
be exporting coking and steam coal in both the Atlantic
and Pacific Basins. China and India have become
active players in the coal import market. India, which
is facing the prospect of increasing import needs in
coming years, has established strong relations with
Indonesia and South Africa in particular. Chinas
IEA/OECD, 2012
Introduction
position is more complex as import volumes depend

heavily on arbitrage opportunities between domestic
and international prices.
coal prices a prospect that is looking increasingly

likely, given recent large investments in new coking
coal mines.
The Atlantic Basin market for steam coal has matured

and become highly liquid: paper trade has grown rapidly over the last four years and in 2010 was thought
to be around 10 times as big as the physical market.
There is a wide range of financial instruments for
hedging and managing risks. Liberalisation of electricity markets, a shift from long-term contracts to
spot index pricing and increased price volatility have
helped to drive this development. Flexibility on both
the demand side (particularly concerning the types of
coal used) and on the supply side (including the ability to diversify coal quality through blending facilities) is likely to increase in the future.
Industry concentration
In the global coking coal market, trade has recently

moved from mostly annual contracts to quarterly contracts and pressure from the producers to move to
monthly pricing is growing. The existence of iron ore
and coke derivatives and the launch of the first coking
coal derivatives, which together allow hedging along
the whole steel-value chain, are likely to lead to a
rapid change in the way coking coal is traded. It is
unclear to what extent this may be affected by any
reduction in the differential between steam and coking
Nonetheless, the coal industry remains far less concentrated than other fuel industries. The 30 leading
coal companies (whose share has risen slightly since
2008) accounted for around 40% of global production
and global trade in 2010, far smaller shares than in the
oil or natural gas sectors. The share of the four big
diversified mining companies (Anglo American, BHP
Billiton, Rio Tinto and Xstrata) in global production
actually declined from 7% in 2008 to 5% in 2010,
though this was mainly because the three-largest
Chinese producers (Shenhua Group, China Coal
Group and Datong Coal Group) expanded their market share from 7% to 9%. The recent strong growth in
output in China has resulted from the ongoing consolidation of small-scale mining operations into larger, more efficient and safer mining complexes.
International trade in hard coal is more concentrated.
The four big diversified mining companies, together
with Drummond and Peabody Energy in the
United States, SUEK and Kuzbassrazrezugol in Russia,
and Bumi in Indonesia, accounted for nearly 40% of
coal trade between the broad regions used in WEO
analysis in 2010, as shown in Table II.20. The share
of these companies was just under 45% in 2008. As
Australia and Indonesia account for more than half of
the world inter-regional hard coal trade, mining companies in these countries naturally also account for a
large share. As with production, trade is likely to become even more concentrated in the future, though, as
demonstrated by the recent increasing importance of
Indonesian mining companies, the barriers to market
entry by smaller players are not insurmountable.
IEA/OECD, 2012
By contrast, the Pacific Basin has not seen the same

increase in the sophistication of trading practices,
probably because of the continued preference on the
part of Japanese and Korean buyers for long-term
contracts, for security-of-supply reasons, which are
related to steel production to support domestic manufacturing. The Pacific Basin has been dominated by
long-term contracts with annual price negotiations,
with spot purchases accounting for only a small share
of total trade. The share of long-term contracts is
thought to be from 85% to 90% in Japan, 80% to 85%
in Chinese Taipei and 75% to 80% in Korea. India is
moving from spot pricing to an equal mix of spot and
long-term contracts. The slow pace of electricity market deregulation, aversion of some exporters to hedging and difficulties in establishing reliable indices in
the complex Chinese and Indian markets, have impeded the development of a more liquid market. Nevertheless, there are signs that the situation is changing
in some parts of Asia, with paper and financial trading
playing a growing role. For example, the first Indonesian futures contract for steam coal was launched in
2010.
The structure of the coal industry worldwide has been

undergoing radical change over the past decade or so,
involving increased merger and acquisition activity
(both internationally and within domestic industries)
and increased diversification on the part of the mining
companies, both in terms of the types of commodities
they mine and the extent of overseas activities. In
general, units within the industry have become larger,
while most of the big companies have become more
international. In China and some other developing
countries, mining has been put on a more commercial
footing, with some liberalisation of domestic markets,
greater private-sector involvement and modernisation
of operations.
Current investment trends1

Despite rising costs, investment in coal mining resumed its strong upward path in 2010, following a
temporary slowdown in growth in 2009 in the wake of
the global financial and economic crisis. The 30 leading coal companies worldwide invested a total of
USD 16 billion in 2010 an increase of USD 1.5 billion,
or 10%, on the 2009 level (Table II.19). The jump in
investment by these companies was particularly
marked in China and the United States, where their
investment had stalled in 2009, due to financing difficulties and a slump in demand. On the assumption
that the level of investment per tonne of coal produced
by the 30 leading coal companies was matched by all
other coal companies, world coal mining investment
totalled about USD 40 billion in 2010.
Recently, an increasing share of investments has been
directed towards coking coal operations, because of
the widening differential between steam and coking
coal prices. Spending on acquisitions of coking coal
companies (not included in the WEO investment estimates) has also increased.
The four big diversified mining companies Anglo
American, BHP Billiton, Rio Tinto and Xstrata invested a total of USD 4.6 billion in 2010, marginally
higher than in 2009. Investment by Xstrata increased
sharply, with the development of six new coal mines,
with a total capacity of more than 31 Mt per year,
1. Investment figures presented in this section exclude expenditure on

mergers and acquisitions.
which are due to enter production by 2013. This

increase was largely offset by a drop in capital expenditure by BHP Billiton. The combined spending of the
two big Chinese coal-mining companies (Shenhua
Group and China National Coal Group) surged by
about 70% to USD 5.2 billion in 2010, driven by the
continuing rapid growth in Chinese coal demand.
Consequently, their share in the total investments of
the 30 leading coal companies increased from just
over one-fifth to one-third. In 2010, investment by the
leading Indonesian companies dropped, partly as a
result of unusually high capital expenditures in 2009;
but it was still 85% higher than in 2007.
The 30 leading coal companies combined have a high
reserves-to-production ratio, averaging about 60 years.
But the ratio differs widely among the companies; for
instance four companies, including the largest Chinese
producer Shenhua Group, have a remaining reserve
lifetime of less than 25 years. The average reserve
lifetime of the four big diversified mining companies,
at around 40 years, is relatively long. Eight companies
have reserves covering more than 50 years of production at current rates, three of which are based in the
United States. Companies like RWE Power in
Germany and China National Coal Group report very
large coal reserves. However, reserve statements have
to be treated with care due to different classification
systems and accounting standards between countries.
Focus on the New Policies

Scenario
Production prospects
In the New Policies Scenario, global coal production
increases by nearly 20%, from about 4 930 million
tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce) in 2009 to a plateau
of 5 860 Mtce in 2025, before remaining broadly flat
throughout the rest of the projection period (Table II.20).
The majority of the net growth in world production
occurs in non-OECD countries, while production falls
markedly in the OECD (particularly in Europe and the
United States), at an average rate of 0.6% per year.
Non-OECD production over 2009 to 2035 expands by
almost 1 150 Mtce, or 1.1% per year on average, with
roughly 50% of the increase coming from China and
the bulk of the rest from India and Indonesia. Australia
is the only major OECD producer to see a rise in production (12% between 2009 and 2035), but growth is
mainly confined to the period to 2020.
IEA/OECD, 2012
The concentration of global coal mining is likely to

become more marked in the medium term, partly as a
continuation of recent trends (in line with global
trends across most industrial sectors) and because
production growth is expected to come mainly from
countries where the industry is already dominated by
a small number of large companies. The trend towards
concentration will be accelerated if prices and investment returns remain high, as they will enhance the
ability of big companies to seek out new acquisitions.
The increased financial and technical risk associated
with greenfield mining and related transport infrastructure will also tend to favour greater concentration, though joint-venture operations can spread this
risk. Nonetheless, there may be opportunities for
small companies to build market share where policies
are put in place to increase production by opening
mining blocks to competition.
Table II.19: Key figures for the 30 leading coal companies

Production
(Mt)
2010
Name (corporate base)
R/P*
(Years)
Exports
(Mt)
2010
431
352
198
150
146
138
104
101
99
97
89
85
80
77
73
66
59
50
43
43
42
40
34
32
28
28
27
24
23
14
50
21
41
n.a.
27
134
61
n.a.
350
28
66
11
45
49
27
31
31
n.a.
49
n.a.
20
n.a.
63
n.a.
58
n.a.
23
n.a.
32
70
n.a.
n.a.
19
n.a.
6
n.a.
63
n.a.
n.a.
48
29
3
58
9
32
6
53
24
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
32
n.a.
n.a.
1
n.a.
n.a.
1
600
2 090
264
n.a.
497
1 142
938
1 132
331
832
449
138
1 204
331
515
446
567
667
120
121
226
371
737
n.a.
121
n.a.
177
n.a.
118
173
629
1 169
261
n.a.
323
1 874
2 438
1 732
459
496
351
120
1 111
339
512
580
484
126
82
170
141
316
275
n.a.
78
n.a.
328
n.a.
69
88
513
2 626
557
n.a.
315
2 564
1 534
628
241
491
429
92
1 998
345
609
733
287
336
42
232
290
265
n.a.
n.a.
123
n.a.
290
n.a.
355
107
2775
60
384
14 304
14 551
16 002
Coal India (India)

Shenhua Group (China)
Peabody Energy (US)
Datong Coal Mining Group (China)
Arch Coal (US)
China National Coal Group (China)
BHP Billiton (UK-Australia)
Shanxi Coking Coal Group (China)
RWE Power (Germany)
Anglo American (UK-South Africa)
SUEK (Russia)
Cloud Peak Energy (US)
Xstrata (UK-Switzerland)
Alpha Natural Resources (US)
Rio Tinto (UK-Australia)
Consol Energy (US)
PT Bumi Resources (Indonesia)
Kuzbassrazrezugol (Russia)
Banpu (Thailand)
Sasol (South Africa)
PT Adaro Indonesia (Indonesia)
Kompania Wglowa (Poland)
Massey Energy (US)
Drummond (US)
Patriot Coal (US)
Mitsubishi Development (Japan)
Alliance Resource Partners (US)
PT Kideco Jaya Agung (Indonesia)
Teck Cominco (Canada)
International Coal Group (US)
Total
Investment
(USD million)
2009
2008
2010
* Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios are based on the last year of available data for production and the sum of probable and proven reserves.
Includes IEA estimates on reserve data, which may not conform to the Australasian Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) standards.
Sources: Company reports and IEA analysis.
Table II.20: Coal production by region in the New Policies Scenario (Mtce)
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
2009-2035*
OECD
Americas
United States
Europe
Asia Oceania
Australia
1 385
673
640
609
103
74
1 403
810
757
249
343
338
1 462
856
794
218
388
382
1 421
833
769
192
396
391
1 358
799
740
169
390
384
1 281
750
699
146
386
381
1 197
697
652
118
382
377
-0.6%
-0.6%
-0.6%
-2.8%
0.4%
0.4%
Non-OECD
E. Europe/Eurasia
Russia
Asia
China
India
Indonesia
Middle East
Africa
South Africa
Latin America
Colombia
World
1 195
519
n.a.
568
444
77
0
1
100
95
8
4
2 579
3 525
364
219
2 873
2 197
349
238
1
207
202
80
68
4 928
4 172
407
258
3 423
2 563
399
338
1
238
218
103
90
5 634
4 412
408
262
3 634
2 675
441
380
1
254
224
115
101
5 833
4 505
406
267
3 725
2 691
488
406
1
251
216
122
109
5 863
4 575
393
257
3 805
2 710
537
415
1
255
216
121
107
5 856
4 662
382
248
3 903
2 739
589
429
1
256
214
121
107
5 859
1.1%
0.2%
0.5%
1.2%
0.9%
2.0%
2.3%
0.9%
0.8%
0.2%
1.6%
1.8%
0.7%
n.a.
238
201
171
142
117
89
-3.7%
European Union
* Compound average annual growth rate.
IEA/OECD, 2012
1980
Table II.21: Inter-regional* hard coal net trade by country in the New Policies Scenario (Mtce)
2009
Mtce
2020
Share of primary
demand**
2035
Share of primary
demand**
Mtce
Mtce
Share of primary
demand**
OECD
Americas
-120
38
9%
5%
-72
70
6%
9%
50
61
5%
9%
United States
Europe
Asia Oceania
Australia
Japan
32
-181
23
256
-144
4%
65%
7%
81%
100%
65
-191
48
310
-158
9%
72%
13%
83%
100%
53
-147
136
301
-115
8%
78%
37%
83%
100%
Non-OECD
E. Europe/Eurasia
178
87
5%
30%
72
103
2%
31%
-50
83
1%
26%
Russia
Asia
China
India
Indonesia
Middle East
Africa
South Africa
Latin America
Colombia
77
-19
-88
-61
191
-1
56
63
54
63
42%
1%
4%
16%
100%
43%
27%
31%
70%
93%
96
-178
-188
-178
288
-2
75
66
74
95
43%
5%
7%
30%
99%
54%
29%
29%
66%
94%
80
-281
-81
-294
278
-2
75
54
74
99
38%
7%
3%
34%
94%
55%
29%
25%
63%
93%
World
753
17%
1 056
19%
1 017
17%
-156
62%
-155
69%
-110
76%
European Union
* Total net exports for all WEO regions, not including trade within WEO regions.
** Share of production in the case of exporting regions.
Notes: Positive numbers denote exports; negative numbers imports. The difference between OECD and non-OECD figures in 2009 are due to
stock change.
1 200
100%
1 000
80%
800
60%
600
40%
400
20%
200
0
1990
Pacific
2000
2009
Atlantic
2020
2035
0%
Pacific as share
of total trade
(right axis)
IEA/OECD, 2012
In the New Policies Scenario, total hard coal trade

between WEO regions is projected to rise from about
750 Mtce in 2009 to a plateau of around 1 050 Mtce
by 2020, before falling back slightly to nearly
1 020 Mtce by 2035 (Table II.21). The average annual
value of this hard coal trade over the period 2011 to
2035 amounts to about USD 140 billion (in year-2010
dollars); although this appears large, it is far below the
average annual value of trade in oil (USD 1.9 trillion)
and natural gas (USD 385 billion). Patterns of coal
trade have been shifting in recent years, with a growing share taken by non-OECD Asian imports, and this
trend is set to continue. Consequently, the centre of
gravity in international coal trade continues to move
to the Pacific Basin market in the New Policies
Scenario (Figure II.12).
Figure II.12: World inter-regional hard coal net trade

by region in the New Policies Scenario
Mtce
Trade prospects
Figure II.13 Major hard coal importers in the

New Policies Scenario
300
250
200
Mtce
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
2000
Japan
2005
2009
European Union
2020
China
2035
India
China is expected to become an increasingly important net importer in the medium term, but in line with
a projected slowdown in domestic demand growth and
expected improvements in domestic coal infrastructure, its trade in coal returns to balance by the end of
the projection period. However, this projection is very
sensitive to projected rates of demand and production
growth, since trade is the difference between very
large volumes and, therefore, a modestly faster pace
of demand growth or slightly slower output growth
would lead to much higher import requirements (and
vice versa). Assuming all else was equal, hard coal net
imports would fall to zero by 2015 (compared with
the WEO projection of around 185 Mtce) if Chinas
output rises by just 1.2% per year above the projection
in the New Policies Scenario.
Among the coal exporters, by far the biggest increase
in volumes traded occurs in Indonesia and Australia,
although their growth is concentrated in the period to

2020. These two countries, which together already
accounted for about 60% of global hard coal trade in
2009, are projected to contribute nearly half of the
increase in global inter-regional trade to 2035 in the
New Policies Scenario. Most of their exports will go
to India, China, Japan and Korea. Exports from South
Africa, the United States and Russian initially follow
the growth in global coal trade in the New Policies
Scenario to 2020, before declining towards 2035 as
global trade decreases and competition from the lowest
and/or largest exporters intensifies. Colombia, along
with new entrants such as Mongolia and Mozambique,
is projected to contribute substantially to incremental
growth in inter-regional trade, increasing diversification of sources for importers (especially of coking
coal in the case of Mongolia and Mozambique).
Investment outlook
In the New Policies Scenario, global cumulative investment requirements in the coal industry over the
period 2011 to 2035 amount to about USD 1.2 trillion
(in year-2010 dollars), or USD 47 billion per year.
Around half of this capital expenditure is in the period
to 2020 and China alone accounts for over half of the
cumulative investments over the projection period
(Figure II.14). Nearly 95% of projected investment
goes to mining, including existing and new operations, and the rest to ports and shipping. While far
from negligible, coal capital expenditures, at only 3%
of global energy-supply investment requirements, are
small relative to other sectors.
Figure II.14 Cumulative investment in
coal-supply infrastructure by region
New Policies Scenario, 2011-2035
Inter-regional
Rest of world
E. Europe/Eurasia
8%
5%
3%
OECD Americas
7%
Other non-OECD Asia
Total
$1 164 billion
(in year-2010
dollars)
7%
55%
China
7%
India
8%
OECD Asia Oceania
The average annual projected rate of global investment

is around 15% higher than the investment estimated to
have been made in 2010. In effect, the diminishing
IEA/OECD, 2012
Whereas Japan and the European Union have long

been the worlds largest coal importers, China and
India are now emerging as equally important. In particular, India is set to rely increasingly on imports, as
its production fails to keep pace with booming domestic demand. Indias hard coal imports were around
60 Mtce in 2009 and by 2035 are projected to rise
five-fold to 300 Mtce by far the largest volume of
any single country (Figure II.13). International coal
price movements will increasingly be driven by Indian
and Chinese import needs, which have already had a
profound impact on the prices paid by coal-importing
OECD countries. Falling demand in the European
Union drives down net imports by almost 50 Mtce
between 2009 and 2035, to 110 Mtce; most of the
change happens after 2020.
(in year-2010 dollars), though costs vary significantly

across countries and basins. It is assumed that investment unit costs in real terms will continue to rise over
the projection period due to continuing upward pressures on labour, steel, equipment, materials and energy costs, albeit at a slower rate than in the recent
past the global weighted-average investment is assumed to be USD 9.3/tonne of annual mine capacity
over the projection period.
IEA/OECD, 2012
need for new capacity, as demand growth slows and

saturates by the early 2020s in the New Policies Scenario, is offset by the assumed rise in capital costs per
unit of output. As seen above, after a short period of
respite following the onset of the global economic
crisis, capital expenditure in mining and transportation
per unit of output is on the rise again. The global
weighted-average investment between 2008 and 2010
is estimated at USD 7.8/tonne of annual mine capacity
IEA/OECD, 2012
3. WILL FUKUSHIMA BOOST COAL DEMAND?

The following feature article is provided to acquaint the reader with some of the ongoing analytical work at the IEA.
The 2011 Medium-Term Coal Market Report was the first of what will be an annual International Energy
Agency publication. It presents a comprehensive analysis of recent trends in coal demand, supply and trade, as
well as an IEA outlook for coal market fundamentals for the coming five years. The report places a special focus
on trade and infrastructure development in the key exporting countries. This article has been adapted from material written for that publication by Laszlo Varro and Carlos Fernndez Alvarez of the IEA, Gas, Coal and Power
Markets Division. The entire publication is available at: http://www.iea.org/w/bookshop/add.aspx?id=418.
The Tohuku earthquake that occurred on March 11,

2011, measured 9.0 on the moment magnitude scale.
It and, in particular, the ensuing tidal waves resulted
in damage to over a million buildings, caused massive
loss of life and wholesale damage to infrastructure.
Ramifications from this alone would have been a profound challenge for any nation, however this was
exacerbated by the then escalating crisis at the
Fukushima Daiichi boiling water reactor nuclear
power plant and subsequent level 7 nuclear events.
The analysis below was written in the months immediately following this national disaster.
Since then, Japan has shut down other plants as safety
precautions, and ordered hypothetical stress tests for
all units, assessing their ability to withstand more rigorous parameters than their initial designs may have
taken into account. On May 5, 2012, every single
Japanese nuclear unit was offline, rendering Japan
without a source of nuclear power to generate electricity for the first time since 1966.
While this analysis was constructed prior to the entirety of these developments reaching fruition, it is
still pertinent to our understanding of the situation in
Japan and elsewhere as nations assess their commitment of nuclear contributions to their energy solution.
Moreover, while many forecasts assumed considerable
increases of coal input following Fukushima, this article provides a more accurate understanding of the
complex nature of what has and is likely to happen.
Will Fukushima boost coal

demand?
Nuclear power is a classic baseload generator: due
to its massive investment needs, low marginal costs
and operational characteristics nuclear reactors usually operate continuously with full capacity, over
7 000 hours a year. Coal and especially lignite-fired
units are the closest substitutes from a cost and operational point of view: they have higher investment
needs, lower marginal costs, and less flexible operational parameters than gas or oil fired units. Unsurprisingly, in countries that do not use nuclear power,
coal is mostly the baseload generator. Consequently,
if the Fukushima disaster leads to lower nuclear production in the future, coal at first sight would seem to
benefit.
In 2010, nuclear produced 2 600 TWh globally, roughly
equivalent to 1 billion tonnes of coal. Most nuclear
generation took place in countries (i.e. France, Japan,
Switzerland, and Korea) that hardly produce coal. Of
course, the capital stock of the energy system does not
change by a stroke of a wand; on the contrary, it is
characterised by decades long asset lifetimes and
lumpy and long investment times. This is especially
IEA/OECD, 2012
Synopsis
Several countries launched safety checks and reviews

of their nuclear facilities. Although these are still ongoing, it seems that outside Germany and Japan, most
existing nuclear power plants will continue to operate,
so any medium-term coal demand impact would likely
come only from these two countries.
Japan has 40 GW of coal-fired capacity, which operated with a 75% load factor in 2010. In addition to
destroying the Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear plant, the
Tohoku earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused
substantial damage to around 7.5 GW of coal-fired
capacities, of which 3.2 GW recovered by the end of
July. (Four GW of coal-fired capacity at the usual
Japanese load factors would burn over a million tonnes of coal monthly.) The Japanese power system is
segmented by network bottlenecks, and the undamaged remainder of the coal fleet is located in regions
that cannot supply the Tokyo - Tohoku area. Consequently, the immediate impact of the disaster on coal
demand was negative: coal demand from the affected
areas plants was lost, and the damaged nuclear and
coal units had to be substituted by demand management and the existing gas and oil capacities of the
Tokyo Tohoku area, rather than coal-fired units in
other regions of Japan.
However, there are reasons to assume that in the medium term this picture would change. Restoration of
the damaged conventional plants is proceeding at an
impressive speed. The coal-fired units damaged by the
earthquake are expected to be operational at some
point. At current prices, their marginal cost will be
substantially below LNG or especially oil fired units,
consequently they are expected to run at a high load
factor. Moreover, recent regulatory and policy decisions led to a much broader fall in Japanese nuclear
production. Several units have been shut down for
extensive safety checks on the request of the Japanese
government and others failed to receive permission to
restart after maintenance shutdowns. All in all,
Japanese nuclear production currently is around
12 TWh/month below its pre-disaster average of
which the Fukushima Dai-Ichi plant is only around
2 TWh. Importantly, due to the network constraints,
some of the lost nuclear is in other regions of Japan.
Currently the future of Japanese nuclear production is

extremely uncertain. The Japanese government initiated a revision of its previously pro-nuclear policy
and is on the record preferring a full phase out. However, the existing power plant fleet does not appear
able to supply Japan reliably without nuclear in the
medium term. Additional conventional power plant
investments in Japan are therefore very likely. Gas
plants might become operational over the outlook period (to 2016), but additional unplanned coal plants
probably wont. Nevertheless, even if Japan does retain some nuclear production, it is reasonable to assume that existing coal-fired plants will increase their
load factor and be pushed into an even more baseload
operation mode to substitute for nuclear. It is estimated that this can lead to an additional annual coalfired generation of 10-15 TWh with only 3 GW recovered or 30-40 TWh if the whole fleet is on line.
This could mean 3-5 Mt of additional coal demand for
partial recovery or 10-13 Mt with the whole fleet.
As a reaction to the Fukushima catastrophe, the German
government modified its energy policy, with the shutdown of eight plants and full phase-out by 2022.
Among these, only the decommissioning of Grafenrheinfeld by 2015 will be within the outlook period.
The eight nuclear power plants shut down so far
would have produced approximately 60 TWh of electricity (11% of German net demand). Contrary to
Japan, Germany is not an island, and its electricity
system is well interconnected in every direction. Consequently, only one third of the lost nuclear production has been replaced by increased conventional production in Germany. The rest was absorbed by changing trade flows, reduced exports and increasing imports to Germany. It is obviously very difficult to disentangle the effects of the moratorium from fluctuations in demand and renewable electricity production.
Nevertheless, it seems that hard coal-fired power
plants in Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland, as
well as gas capacities in Germany and the Netherlands,
were dominant in replacing German nuclear capacity
so far. In the medium term, an additional 11.6 GW of
coal-fired capacity currently under construction will
come online in Germany. Lifetime extensions of old
coal-fired capacities, as well as new-built additional
gas-fired capacities, are likely to replace nuclear generation and serve peak-load in the medium term1.
1. Frsch, M., D. Lindenberger, R. Malischek, S. Nagl, T. Panke, J.

Trby (2011, German Nuclear Policy Reconsidered: Implications for
the Electricity Market, EWI working paper 11/12, Institute of Energy
Economics, University of Cologne, Cologne.
IEA/OECD, 2012
true for nuclear, where a project time can easily be a

decade, and the lifetime of the plant can reach 5060 years. Although the policy reaction to the Fukushima disaster is still evolving, one thing is certain:
any impact that Fukushima might have on new nuclear investment will affect the energy system and
coal demand only beyond the time horizon of this
report.
around 16 million tonnes. Note that this is a European

scale effect in the framework of the EU ETS, and
some of the coal-to-gas switch might take place in
systems like Spain or the UK that do not physically
trade power with Germany, but have fuel switching
flexibility to respond to carbon prices. On the other
hand, Germany has already announced a policy target
to cut power demand by 10% with efficiency measures and accelerate renewable deployment, especially
offshore wind.
Paradoxically, both policies, if successful, have a potential to increase the demand for coal. The reason for
this is the interaction of these policies with the EUETS where the emissions of the covered sectors are
fixed. Any additional unrelated policy that cuts the
demand for conventional generation (the dominant
emission source in the EU-ETS) or pushing for more
renewables, will enable the remaining conventional
generation to be more carbon intensive on average.
Given that coal-fired plants have a lower marginal
cost, once falling carbon prices signal the relaxation
of the ETS constraint, there is an incentive to increase
coal-fired generation at the expense of gas. Of course,
operational constraints can limit this effect even if the
carbon price falls to zero.
IEA/OECD, 2012
The current first order effect of the moratorium is

around 5 million tons/year more of coal demand and
(together with the increasing gas use) 25 Mt of CO2
emissions, maybe more. However, given that the
European Emission Trading (EU-ETS) system has a
hard emission cap, emissions cannot increase by such
an amount; rising carbon prices have to deliver additional abatement. Given that coal and gas-fired plants
are the dominant emission sources in the EU-ETS,
and other industrial sectors (cement, refineries, etc.)
are generally assumed to have higher abatement costs,
a substantial proportion of this abatement is likely to
come from the electricity sector itself, by a coal to gas
switch. We assume that there is no additional abatement from the industrial sectors and renewable electricity production to be exogenous due to feed-in tariffs schemes. In addition, we also assume that while
the German phase-out does increase wholesale power
prices, due to the low price elasticity of demand, this
does not have a significant impact on demand. Under
these admittedly restrictive assumptions a static model
would predict that the European electricity system
will have to produce 100 TWh more from gas and
40 TWh less from coal in order to substitute the lost
60 TWh low carbon nuclear from the same carbon
budget. In this case the effect on coal demand is
IEA/OECD, 2012
COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART III - III.1
PART III
IEA/OECD, 2012
WORLD COAL OVERVIEW
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA/OECD, 2012
1. PRODUCTION
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 1.1: World coal (1) production

(thousand tonnes)
IEA Total
OECD Total
Algeria
Botswana
Dem. Rep. of Congo
Egypt
Morocco
Mozambique
Nigeria
South Africa
United Rep. of Tanzania
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
79604
3328
10362
20472
1435
103745
x
29114
470816
13301
27111
64
1190
25190
13571
2578
1829
2468
415
195845
221
5804
x
12994
12
12396
131985
543012
104504
2865
8018
36688
1165
116807
x
22750
484218
23198
26025
60
1286
18054
18625
3089
2138
288
229987
177
5796
x
28292
18
18625
130097
752961
160726
3081
7666
60853
1326
121037
x
18894
522886
35888
24092
57
1892
16381
22543
5193
101
2526
507
249388
237
5731
x
39663
13
39997
94111
801636
204562
2448
2357
68332
2183
101398
22486
13532
434021
51896
17830
25
303
1014
7979
17217
6933
2578
303
215320
281
4766
5583
35682
11
47428
92762
933561
241807
1298
637
74981
1038
74901
12433
9896
251614
57662
14772
1
470
172
6317
5720
9320
3577
292
200713
3759
4884
28305
55073
53037
937098
306722
1249
375
69163
366
65162
11727
4100
205067
63887
14033
47
390
14
2964
8300
11344
3458
632
162815
3648
4480
23471
63268
31198
971591
372558
109
65345
544
62026
14591
617
205925
69398
9570
55
429
95
2832
10755
5267
1471
159540
2511
4540
19481
58340
20498
1038591
397076
67749
667
60200
16117
277
194381
65720
9404
59
427
117
2773
11430
4830
3430
144013
2423
4520
10187
79402
18054
1075881
411647
62938
636
56417
14939
147
183623
64893
8986
71
444
72
2519
10548
4564
2641
135172
2573
4429
9445
79499
17874
987552
424090
67896
619
55209
17933
261
182303
56520
9113
66
432
101
2084
10106
5331
1935
133238
2378
4430
8430
73399
18416
996107
414303
67114
654
54352
18734
149
188561
58767
9555
61
416
92
2084
12384
4947
1386
139242
2376
4501
6621
78075
18342
1004131
1704849 2031477 2229906 2255303 2021632 2001164 2094229 2135976 2030633 2036877 2050158
1708862 2035731 2236425 2292791 2049777 2029471 2125088 2169137 2061629 2070397 2086847
333
3
23
437
794
898
947
985
910
738
988
738
130
138
121
126
93
96
120
131
135
139
132
58
25
24
565
680
775
526
650
31
12
394
207
35
40
38
16
3
38
38
38
38
327
176
140
90
20
3
8
8
8
8
8
62352 115120 173500 174800 206211 224200 244986 252213 249489 254522 253105
1
15
4
44
79
75
92
98
105
95
940
570
511
377
152
196
150
1
1
1
2806
2768
3104
5345
4693
4260
3621
2706
2852
3083
2996
160
196
317
314
342
585
678
711
761
789
708
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1973
III.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART III
Table 1.1: World coal (1) production (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
1973
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Venezuela
Bangladesh
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
PR of China
Albania
Bulgaria
Croatia
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Montenegro
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Tajikistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
Non-OECD Total
World
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
451
390
400
276
305
259
25
110
82
65
2339
5242
7712
4595
5199
6806
6255
6612
5709
5415
2834
4164
8766
21375
25651
38242
59064
73502
72807
74350
33
41
127
97
51
17
43
142
322
92
50
42
40
2189
4064
7885
7195
4922
3282
2730
77
840
888
770
79908 116110 158508 225258 290426 335675 437267 525178 566113 570424
149
304
1908
10230
41828
79377 170541 248766 291247 325000
30198
44106
52000
46353
31300
29743
34610
32333
31556
31957
111
135
384
788
1254
2138
2397
6523
7157
5019
5185
7526
10071
14442
25455
10
38
86
78
35
580
574
669
620
686
17
12
15
15
16
1143
1569
2238
2746
3637
3094
4871
3739
3481
3451
39
326
1256
1232
1293
1357
2880
3609
4687
6650
3327
2574
1858
472
235
83
361
1525
5188
12421
18421
17708
20878
17982
17786
18344
2990
5200
5594
4638
8350
11609
34093
39777
44078
44011
2323
4496
151
108
97
463
740
1242
1426
1524
417000 620150 837272 1050734 1342222 1394043 2299697 2734421 2895345 3140154
811
1420
2150
2071
80
30
64
85
14
14
x
x
x
19670
1640
7439
9119
11244
11469
10985
26810
30213
30880
31675
30830
26432
24695
29050
27279
29427
x
x
x
174
82
x
x
x
1103
34
7
5
11
152
105
x
x
x 131443
84494
77444
87197 111072 100854 110929
x
x
x
..
..
3508
4609
5427
6041
6082
x
x
x
3635
463
425
335
492
602
582
x
x
x
6644
7249
7516
6881
7630
7426
6724
x
x
x
..
..
..
1297
1740
957
1938
24851
35164
46581
38183
41121
29285
31106
35861
33961
31127
x
x
x 371899 245728 240324 282881 304962 275991 321701
x
x
x
45937
40595
37094
35100
38709
38499
37976
x
x
x
925
41
22
99
199
202
200
x
x
x 152763
76298
62403
60361
59628
55540
55387
x
x
x
6400
3054
2569
3076
3290
3654
3340
667600 716000 726000
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
32450
41301
68472
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
903
925
1106
835
1084
1148
1556
1590
1152
1025
81
5448
83783
92
2271
1000
585924
376200
31556
2842
31346
1415
16
3669
9435
21137
44524
1493
3471073
22
15003
37844
73
116670
6082
845
5959
1938
35263
333831
40817
200
61806
2842
x
x
1174
1364587 1751159 2143794 2385843 2524202 2658644 3886180 4572984 4773937 5130706 5591518
3073449 3786890 4380219 4678634 4573979 4688115 6011268 6742121 6835566 7201103 7678365
(1) Coal comprises all coals from anthracite through lignite, however excludes peat and manufacture of all coal products.
(1) For further information, see notes and definitions in Part I.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
Table 1.2: World coal (1) production

(kilotonnes of coal equivalent)
IEA Total
OECD Total
Algeria
Botswana
Dem. Rep. of Congo
Egypt
Morocco
Mozambique
Nigeria
South Africa
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
1980
1985
1990
57501
1455
9178
16714
1369
54023
x
25765
202003
2419
8646
64
425
25576
9500
2165
1623
1842
415
143894
189
2428
x
9251
11
7445
108416
476228
74140
1203
6726
29296
1115
57642
x
19108
204491
4219
9059
60
459
15577
11707
2475
1632
288
171922
104
2424
x
14035
9
8790
105652
639884
119913
1324
6745
48205
1273
58983
x
15572
207193
6911
8202
51
676
14144
14170
3894
93
1868
507
175068
139
2397
x
19098
6
15248
76771
664373
151576
910
1687
54182
2072
51877
6905
11772
173842
10169
6034
22
30
393
6379
10822
4839
2033
291
141385
165
1995
1929
16779
5
17671
76593
774742
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
182605 235112 289660 312707 322438 339055 329843

483
418
436
294
82
58352
49153
45522
48085
43842
48226
48020
985
347
385
375
337
362
383
39390
35784
33671
32550
29790
29614
29162
3900
3696
4416
4878
4588
5507
5753
8594
3546
547
246
130
232
132
112722
86571
80660
71497
65290
64464
65912
10729
11745
12197
11614
11680
10451
10866
4665
4133
2497
2419
2223
2276
2387
1
45
53
56
68
63
58
47
39
43
43
44
43
42
61
5
86
106
65
92
83
5050
2196
3521
5197
1801
1822
1655
1369
1369
6179
7735
8149
7824
7233
6912
8556
3086
2961
4520
4052
3776
4474
4119
280
606
1410
3289
2532
1855
1329
130101 101855
98367
87015
80596
79116
80660
1452
1455
910
891
933
876
876
1702
1517
1691
1693
1657
1657
1684
14505
11380
8950
5992
5182
4334
3276
17261
17836
15438
23821
24861
25034
26513
45820
26654
17264
15457
15292
15759
15695
756835 766936 807545 827570 757333 759782 771007
1165013 1378426 1457658 1511323 1395950 1363881 1421181 1449189 1367689 1387073 1391308
1168547 1382016 1462825 1527099 1408764 1377216 1435866 1464001 1381548 1401555 1407725
299
3
22
385
699
791
834
867
801
650
870
650
117
119
104
108
80
83
103
113
116
120
114
51
22
507
599
620
421
520
25
10
336
177
30
34
32
14
3
32
32
32
32
293
155
123
79
18
3
7
7
7
7
7
50203
95366 142506 143090 168597 181323 197664 203626 201297 205452 204491
1
13
4
39
70
66
81
86
92
84
792
481
431
318
128
165
126
1
1
1
2585
2550
2859
4923
4323
3924
3335
2493
2627
2840
2760
144
173
279
276
301
515
597
626
670
695
623
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1973
Table 1.2: World coal (1) production (continued)

(kilotonnes of coal equivalent)
1973
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Venezuela
Bangladesh
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
PR of China
Albania
Bulgaria
Croatia
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Montenegro
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Tajikistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
Non-OECD Total
World
1980
1985
380
329
337
1257
3560
5059
2632
3867
8140
33
41
127
52
44
42
53817
76612 105231
134
248
1557
25017
36338
42618
3438
9
21
55
731
896
1278
17
246
946
2994
2280
1646
119
588
2149
2392
4160
4475
1189
2408
133
292635 443884 584359
406
710
1075
x
x
x
6646
7412
7546
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
8644
11575
14698
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
451456 476897 439907
10926
13748
22226
810
883
1056
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
233
257
218
21
2759
2931
3759
3548
19848
23819
35510
54845
97
51
17
43
2283
4238
8223
7503
55
149560 186880 208907 268237
8353
34133
64935 140329
38026
25424
24153
28383
100
122
346
710
3805
3091
2582
4701
51
20
457
472
15
10
1568
2077
1767
2652
928
974
1022
2171
418
208
74
5146
7634
7336
8650
3710
6680
9287
27147
95
85
322
527
748354 964805 1050934 1717734
696
27
10
21
5969
498
3512
4210
7690
7564
6172
5968
144
67
944
20
4
3
82873
53068
48757
54692
..
..
1328
1745
2018
256
226
174
1735
1893
1732
1841
..
..
..
410
12355
11266
8002
8276
273224 185302 182945 224334
14007
12346
11300
10658
526
22
12
61
121864
60584
51760
49302
3227
1537
1294
1548
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
797
1029
1087
1446
93
3801
68251
142
5133
600
322760
203575
26516
1129
6917
552
13
2201
2721
7450
31588
946
2042446
29
5191
6942
7
69780
2055
253
1968
547
9944
238570
11749
123
48000
1672
x
x
1503
69
3199
67606
322
3423
634
349871
238289
25922
1925
10469
512
13
1951
3534
7369
35262
1074
2162647
5
5295
6569
91
63260
2287
310
1848
301
9376
219176
10473
125
45754
1841
x
x
1100
55
2991
69039
92
2847
550
349324
266183
26406
2159
20753
585
14
1955
5014
7600
35209
1148
2345504
5
5001
7054
63
69353
2302
300
1706
609
8433
256839
10327
124
44283
1679
x
x
978
68
2995
77798
92
2368
714
361656
308117
25968
2559
25822
1109
14
2080
7114
8757
35619
1160
2593282
7
6085
9093
44
73181
2302
436
1512
609
9551
268275
11100
124
49573
1449
x
x
1120
917572 1186369 1395470 1663357 1773735 1925012 2835228 3332946 3487388 3756589 4100514
2086118 2568385 2858295 3190456 3182499 3302228 4271094 4796947 4868936 5158144 5508239
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 1.3: World coking coal production

(thousand tonnes)
Australia
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
France
Germany
Hungary
Japan
Mexico
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1978
1985
1990
37668
3805
13780
18553
4664
52239
861
8659
3085
11
227
40845
1800
2964
15110
92201
54835
3484
24371
16465
3388
51401
592
3921
3713
319
174
31143
907
2247
2608
89463
64631
27660
14383
1821
44577
169
2963
578
28793
279
1824
1600
93259
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
79375 103750 128358 141959 143991 129810 162929 146225

28624
28164
26613
28126
28345
22984
28156
29452
10824
8136
7136
7674
7512
5900
6023
5183
439
31686
18862
15171
13753
10554
9064
7147
6758
1645
2214
1792
2058
1841
1793
1587
2560
1474
1309
2446
1923
2283
1903
2341
2120
28714
17222
14071
13636
12024
8540
11658
11435
929
735
648
684
858
1562
1088
1000
599
255
274
266
307
246
270
267
77166
54287
46444
47307
57367
46559
68645
81656
IEA Total
OECD Total
Algeria
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Brazil
Colombia
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Mongolia
Chinese Taipei
PR of China
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Romania
Russian Federation
Tajikistan
Ukraine
Former Soviet Union
Islam. Rep. of Iran
293387 285318 279574 259830 232720 241161 255328 263241 226568 288257 284096
296472 289031 282537 261475 234934 242953 257386 265082 228361 289844 286656
23
9718
11142
9308
10165
3204
1640
2349
2207
1668
2074
2788
1
1
946
269
612
621
813
690
658
405
413
424
412
1317
1407
499
106
15
210
144
260
1312
1488
1720
1839
1817
1451
1210
1303
1879
3176
3579
13938
25847
36088
28803
22088
23584
25581
25318
34769
34065
35495
10
29
241
616
1222
1736
1922
2049
2201
2548
3415
2500
2543
1967
3132
3746
4704
15837
20039
107
3
52604
68370
85657 147206 123028 333456 381944 396491 419825 455322 503631
x
x
574
x
x
29983
12756
10687
10981
11172
10661
11001
11906
12727
2134
3825
1482
349
13
x
x
85458
55645
51035
55505
57441
54402
59854
66884
78521
x
x
7
x
x
62283
25783
27844
23166
21534
19776
19244
17688
19832
139250 134985
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
678
1006
760
914
931
930
1039
1266
1048
926
1061
Non-OECD Total
225312 250979 317000 284436 242091 454802 507940 517757 556454 610503 680633
World
521784 540010 599537 545911 477025 697755 765326 782839 784815 900347 967289
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 1.4: World steam coal (1) production

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
Austria
Belgium(3)
Canada
Chile(3)
Czech Republic
France(3)
Germany
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(3)
Korea(3)
Mexico(3)
Netherlands
New Zealand(3)
Norway
Poland
Portugal(3)
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States(3)
IEA Total
OECD Total
Algeria
Botswana
Dem. Rep. of Congo
Egypt
Morocco
Mozambique
Nigeria
South Africa
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Peru
Venezuela
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
55483
31524
67511
93941 111680 135679 173667 183178 209800 189071 198576
1
10362
3982
4182
2357
637
375
109
12337
16566
26810
31265
35618
29809
27715
29484
29404
29476
27931
1374
1125
1291
2183
1038
366
544
667
636
619
654
27780
10318
9936
8032
6914
6719
6118
5151
5101
5412
6272
26350
16076
13667
9378
8056
3804
617
277
147
261
149
104407
38456
37448
31976
27172
18514
12847
8514
4702
5753
5301
1186
2498
2088
329
64
60
57
25
1
47
55
59
71
66
61
58
95
117
72
101
92
25090
11084
12460
7979
6317
2964
13571
18625
22543
17217
5720
8300
2832
2773
2519
2084
2084
2578
1480
3970
7675
9130
8963
9589
8755
8519
9824
1829
101
2325
1757
1960
1841
1860
1936
2575
2294
2401
2695
2505
415
128
333
303
292
632
1471
3430
2641
1935
1386
156630 161626 160499 118943 108452
86109
83833
72321
69524
65070
64966
221
177
237
281
9991
15544
21464
19030
17529
14947
11894
10187
9445
8430
6621
12
18
13
11
4642
1721
1881
1197
1386
1679
2410
2373
2360
2613
2700
131985 120047
91503
91162
52438
30943
20224
17747
17628
18146
18075
530064 592462 646472 760388 781461 839685 915996 949855 875242 856492 849035
1114744 1042669 1121165 1195713 1165534 1182142 1262458 1287760 1231057 1187605 1185754
1118696 1043794 1123936 1201866 1174247 1191638 1271965 1298016 1240448 1196743 1196232
333
437
794
898
947
985
910
738
988
738
130
138
121
126
93
96
120
131
135
139
132
58
25
565
680
775
526
650
31
12
394
207
35
40
38
16
3
38
38
38
38
327
176
140
90
20
3
8
8
8
8
8
62352 104515 162358 165492 196046 220996 243346 250006 247821 252448 250317
1
15
3
43
79
75
92
98
105
95
940
570
511
377
152
196
150
1
1
1
2806
1777
2835
4733
4072
3447
2931
2301
2439
2659
2584
160
196
317
314
342
585
678
711
761
789
708
451
390
400
276
305
259
25
110
82
65
81
1015
2570
4318
1935
2673
4061
3542
4123
3660
3320
3264
2834
2782
7278
19655
23812
36425
57613
72199
70928
71174
80204
33
41
127
97
51
17
43
142
322
92
92
50
42
40
2189
4064
7885
7195
4922
3282
2730
2271
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia(3)
1980
Table 1.4: World steam coal (1) production (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
Bangladesh
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
PR of China
Bulgaria
Croatia
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Tajikistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
Non-OECD Total
World
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
76588
92945 124621 175096 239477 289340
149
304
1898
10201
41587
78761
23198
40270
49500
43810
31300
29743
111
135
384
480
595
1290
70
10
11
43
40
12
468
17
1143
1098
1567
1922
2546
2166
326
1252
1229
1290
1354
3327
2574
1751
469
235
83
5
2990
5200
5594
4638
8350
11609
117
511
151
108
97
243
417000 551928 768902 965077 1195016 1271015
x
x
x
4038
351
267
223
143
3381
118
x
x
x
156
75
x
x
x
529
34
7
x
x
x
98017
67998
64199
x
x
x
1495
183
104
7172
6232
4832
2964
799
268
x
x
x 152056 106766 101503
x
x
x
137
55
176
x
x
x
475
34
22
x
x
x
81200
48219
33757
x
x
x
200
74
69
510600 409466 434015
x
x
x
576
388
400
x
x
x
903
83
100
75
170
217
77
383455
169319
34610
788
157
504
12
2861
2880
33771
420
1874483
4643
9
5
71807
49
32
153708
24
99
36841
73
x
x
626
840
467439
246844
32333
1254
422
592
15
2898
3609
39184
863
2228827
5726
41
11
95635
55
9
168030
7
199
39689
198
x
x
324
888
497273
289198
31556
2138
2390
548
15
2281
4687
44078
960
2359996
5841
131
152
84769
67
11
147126
8
202
35733
101
x
x
104
770
498629
322799
31957
2397
1627
646
16
2350
6650
44011
1026
2559540
5367
48
105
91740
65
4
178696
200
37264
65
x
x
99
1000
509095
373652
31556
2842
2031
1127
16
2502
9435
44524
1097
2831108
4931
124
73
98063
100
177685
200
41781
210
x
x
113
1116514 1225688 1575036 1737390 1982387 2164832 3088004 3670738 3840566 4120627 4473797
2235210 2269482 2698972 2939256 3156634 3356470 4359969 4968754 5081014 5317370 5670029
(1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. From 1978 onwards it comprises anthracite, bituminous coal and
(1) sub-bituminous coal. For further information, see notes and definitions in Part I.
(2) Data prior to 1978 are hard coal. Hard coal comprises anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal and for certain countries
(2) sub-bituminous coal.
(3) Includes sub-bituminous coal prior to 1978.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 1.5: World lignite (1) production

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
Australia(3)
Austria
Canada
Chile(3)
Czech Republic
Estonia
France(3)
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan(3)
New Zealand(3)
Poland
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United States(3)
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
24121
32894
38380
45990
50752
67293
70533
69907
72037
72090
69502
3328
2865
3081
2448
1297
1249
8135
5971
9672
9407
10739
11190
11017
9920
10550
10264
9731
61
40
35
75965
89086
94636
78983
57163
50307
48772
47537
45416
43774
42897
x
x
x
22486
12433
11727
14591
16117
14939
17933
18734
2764
2560
1839
2333
1401
296
366409 389726 434037 357468 192756 167691 177907 175313 169857 169403 176502
13301
23198
35888
51896
57662
63887
69398
65720
64893
56520
58767
25925
22644
21412
17332
14772
14033
9570
9404
8986
9113
9555
303
470
390
429
427
444
432
416
1190
1286
1892
956
172
14
100
27
143
208
247
159
243
213
246
253
260
295
322
39215
36866
57746
67584
63547
59484
61636
59668
57108
56510
62841
5804
5796
5731
4766
3759
3648
2511
2423
2573
2378
2376
x
x
x
5583
4884
4480
4540
4520
4429
4430
4501
3003
11415
17292
16373
10776
8524
7587
7754
14469
35869
44407
52758
60854
55282
76171
75577
69698
74375
12948
42783
65701
79914
78471
77619
76151
68659
65751
70970
73440
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA Total
590105 681794 823423 780016 596268 586302 590610 584975 573008 561015 580308
OECD Total
590166 681834 823458 808388 614055 602899 610170 606039 592820 583810 603959
Brazil
1324
1127
1987
2161
2420
2730
2503
2229
2049
2095
2184
India
3320
5110
8040
14074
22146
24247
30228
32421
34071
37730
41334
DPR of Korea
7000
Mongolia
6043
6562
3729
5115
5402
5903
7348
7991
9276
Myanmar
27
43
38
23
112
70
77
72
40
288
Philippines
39
4
3
3
3
Thailand
361
1525
5188
12421
18416
17708
20878
17982
17786
18344
21137
Vietnam
322
593
Other Asia
2206
3985
220
320
379
466
498
396
91758 109103 115524 125292 136334
Albania
811
1420
2150
2071
80
30
64
85
14
14
22
x
x
x
19670
1640
3401
4476
5518
5628
5618
10072
Bulgaria
26459
29946
30657
31532
27449
26314
24686
29009
27148
29379
37720
Croatia
x
x
x
18
7
Kazakhstan
x
x
x
3443
3740
2558
4409
4776
5084
7283
5880
Kosovo
x
x
x
..
..
3508
4609
5427
6041
6082
6082
Kyrgyzstan
x
x
x
2140
280
321
286
437
535
517
745
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
x
x
x
6644
7249
7516
6881
7630
7426
6724
5959
Montenegro
x
x
x
..
..
..
1297
1740
957
1938
1938
Romania
17679
27104
37924
33737
39973
29004
31074
35852
33950
31123
35263
Russian Federation
x
x
x 134385
83317
87786
73668
82530
69011
76121
77625
Serbia
x
x
x
45800
40540
36918
35076
38702
38491
37976
40817
Tajikistan
x
x
x
450
Ukraine
x
x
x
9280
2296
802
354
163
563
435
193
Uzbekistan
x
x
x
6200
2980
2500
3003
3092
3553
3275
2632
Former Soviet Union
157000 163000 157000
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Former Yugoslavia
31874
40913
68072
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Table 1.5: World lignite (1) production (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
Non-OECD Total
World
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
248073 274628 317779 331453 257379 251721 343374 384489 376917 399576 437064
838239 956462 1141237 1139841 871434 854620 953544 990528 969737 983386 1041023
(1) Lignite includes oil shale.

(2) Data before 1978 are brown coal, which may include sub-bituminous coal.
(3) Brown coal data excludes sub-bituminous coal.
For further information, see notes and definitions in Part I.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 1.6: OECD production of coke oven coke (1)

(thousand tonnes)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
4983
1719
7774
5370
315
9383
x
11881
41614
400
1082
7665
52300
318
2021
2655
20
282
16938
269
1500
x
4475
533
4991
1729
6048
5250
303
8725
x
11120
35492
247
975
8264
47463
2965
2447
2455
13
349
19598
216
1598
x
3900
1188
3603
1751
5964
4684
301
8328
x
8691
30171
607
7410
48621
5253
2924
2958
5
313
15828
275
1909
x
3440
1203
4495
1725
5420
3708
336
7125
41
487
7197
21926
672
6356
51118
8800
2384
2736
373
13516
230
2340
3211
1084
4617
1448
3696
3283
457
4963
40
920
5566
11102
1033
5185
44778
10593
2148
2888
369
11578
331
1861
2438
1149
3739
1385
3104
3242
475
3411
23
910
5234
9115
937
4504
41220
12288
2100
2116
349
8972
371
1706
2470
1146
3469
1388
2856
3305
493
3412
37
894
4445
8397
614
4574
42645
8935
2002
2238
418
8404
1846
2662
1411
3312
1410
2309
3040
497
3399
35
860
4488
8242
999
4485
41033
10857
2074
2086
392
10075
1582
2646
1176
2563
1281
1574
2190
431
2295
18
738
3222
6771
746
2755
37710
9632
1763
1683
414
7091
1573
1917
987
2795
1391
1935
2720
361
2548
22
827
3151
8150
1018
4110
41874
13549
2209
2022
458
9738
1658
2051
1197
3370
1351
1923
2804
513
2586
24
852
2958
7990
1049
4350
39288
14737
2768
2007
478
9379
1618
2073
1223
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1251
17776
62803
1937
10060
41850
2711
9276
25992
3158
8350
25053
3131
6274
21545
2925
6206
18876
2992
4364
15168
3976
4359
14194
3437
3693
10108
4274
4023
13628
4559
4053
13989
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
68173
47100
30676
57621
55432
57482
127197 113901 100835
70509
49850
33901
57621
55432
57482
127197 113901 100835
28761
64786
85533
31481
64786
85574
24828
60357
63563
27433
60357
63603
22118
57596
54512
24693
57596
54535
18473
55467
50497
20968
55467
50534
17234
55594
52092
19805
55594
52127
12298
50319
39763
14492
50319
39781
16348
58676
48093
18918
58676
48115
16793
57873
47971
20074
57873
47995
IEA Total
OECD Total
252991 216433 188993 179080 148748 134226 124437 124920 102380 123117 122637
255327 219183 192218 181841 151393 136824 126969 127526 104592 125709 125942
(1) Solid product obtained from carbonization of coal, principally coking coal, used mainly in the iron and steel industry.
(1) Also includes coke and semi-coke made from lignite.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
IEA/OECD, 2012
2. CONSUMPTION
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 2.1: World coal (1) consumption

(thousand tonnes)
(2)
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
51413
6184
17169
25614
1772
103745
3146
x
3035
43064
478298
13651
29033
1
822
12902
81790
16329
305
2894
4814
2460
772
156379
805
18618
x
16322
1060
258
12237
133527
505515
67316
6145
17099
37272
1718
103759
9669
x
5692
50650
488138
23237
27544
12
1066
18409
87726
27790
374
3973
6129
1976
951
199086
604
21412
x
31222
2138
315
20431
123610
650167
78360
7046
15851
48175
1827
105884
11935
x
5318
38925
525987
37964
25626
69
1586
2927
23935
109391
42505
199
5317
10379
2074
1118
214135
1050
21593
x
48440
4158
640
41490
105980
744671
95289
6663
16429
49146
3720
91832
9992
26336
5648
30885
451015
53433
20305
65
3236
4023
22416
114960
44776
197
6881
14101
2243
749
187622
4397
18360
6090
46823
3709
494
54324
106722
815949
102491
5135
12589
52634
3391
66480
11003
14646
6540
24127
269035
58442
16931
65
2734
7038
17642
133564
44634
217
10245
14314
2138
1018
171019
5708
12551
5239
42542
3444
253
61019
75916
863552
128123
5105
11266
62968
4590
61089
6641
13319
5193
22156
238905
65685
15173
101
3021
10981
18043
153190
71799
172
12294
12786
2095
999
142859
6154
8869
4925
45654
2861
179
79932
59839
966391
141181
5325
7757
60211
4571
56843
6293
14860
4598
21178
241844
70659
11588
117
3048
12553
24248
176974
82272
122
17559
13059
4286
795
142027
5476
8290
5192
44498
3070
217
76736
61779
1029721
141660
4107
6162
55533
7726
54809
6836
15833
4986
19192
238900
65155
11837
109
2382
13367
24914
184088
102723
115
14000
12710
3933
826
142319
4156
8025
5197
26413
2774
237
98614
58220
1021750
142236
3345
4855
49253
6817
50995
6778
13856
5413
16373
221862
65550
10676
98
1981
12291
19949
163717
106861
104
16367
11899
2987
538
132814
4677
7593
4942
19678
2433
221
98694
48786
918493
140295
3815
5164
48172
8351
51544
6496
17949
6982
17347
228108
58318
10989
106
1977
12742
21767
185367
120048
102
17642
11903
2645
818
141381
2702
7214
4922
14661
2859
228
95608
51428
949702
119699
3875
4173
42738
9654
49425
5526
18809
5478
14629
229618
60050
11576
112
2132
13034
23298
175377
130344
89
19240
11706
2946
763
146027
3695
7209
4993
23515
3043
233
101874
51213
925349
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
531129
151992
1056146
535795
151992
1056147
687439
184808
1157680
693130
184808
1157692
792846
232330
1249239
799990
235257
1249308
865095
257268
1149352
875696
261291
1181843
916186
282827
878659
929822
289865
898609
1029359
355207
812581
1046243
366188
830926
1089932
404713
809450
1112062
417266
829619
1077283
432404
793689
1099009
445771
814828
967746
415801
735214
990930
428092
754110
997874
448355
741411
1023867
461097
764388
968087
428366
759147
996981
441400
783061
IEA Total
OECD Total
1739267 2029927 2274415 2271715 2077672 2197147 2304095 2303376 2118761 2187640 2155600
1743934 2035630 2284555 2318830 2118296 2243357 2358947 2359608 2173132 2249352 2221442
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
IEA/OECD, 2012
2010 2011e
1973
Table 2.1: World coal (1) consumption (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
Algeria
Botswana
Dem. Rep. of Congo
Egypt
Kenya
Libya
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nigeria
Senegal
South Africa
Tunisia
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Panama
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Bangladesh
Cambodia
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
PR of China
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(2)
2010 2011e
63
93
1226
1005
632
689
819
856
290
1
466
815
912
1040
1002
914
742
992
738
170
167
156
169
136
132
160
190
195
209
202
487
894
1192
1340
1540
1820
1810
1696
1660
1625
1625
70
16
90
151
96
66
89
109
95
165
32
9
582
635
1110
1774
2665
4018
4938
4462
4099
4223
4860
587
288
106
58
56
10
10
10
33
16
3
20
413
193
136
136
289
151
94
55
20
3
8
8
8
8
8
152
215
254
264
357
60408
86961 125870 124900 147205 157135 175403 196727 192164 189968 182710
1
15
4
44
79
75
92
98
105
99
33
21
21
15
941
618
471
375
148
130
140
1
1
1
2758
2614
3026
5355
4494
4297
3698
2767
2917
3154
3042
222
278
379
436
442
697
763
971
940
974
936
1072
1425
1247
1367
1439
1058
1383
1682
1654
1364
2729
4122
9142
16861
15436
17120
20270
20003
20823
17420
21707
24919
2859
2803
3144
4825
5608
4231
4173
3589
5399
6202
8258
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
95
126
153
77
22
22
24
17
13
13
224
17
80
93
476
763
747
709
925
22
215
409
452
294
492
518
61
12
135
183
105
103
107
32
52
55
53
58
48
51
54
72
13
32
32
51
60
86
74
107
149
389
708
1075
1073
1142
1100
647
32
4
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
53
42
42
355
7
181
51
193
325
273
243
235
98
563
642
660
742
1257
1257
1257
1848
16
17
43
12
3
5523
8928
9109
6058
10824
11345
12331
10324
12946
77172 107796 156229 220707 294875 357009 463510 573880 619706 643203 655344
129
236
925
6320
11892
22720
42031
48926
57885
57854
66778
30580
44456
54200
48453
31940
29383
31806
29709
28576
27356
28217
13
84
574
2150
2558
3661
10926
15062
16730
23161
24022
6167
6649
5204
5212
5473
5999
6521
6511
9203
74
248
266
118
38
580
574
669
620
686
1420
78
83
17
81
123
430
413
309
322
337
337
1270
1667
2954
4246
4722
4044
7714
8391
8139
7718
6260
40
558
2419
2576
3004
8603
9909
11794
10060
13319
14785
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
8
5
93
72
93
95
242
3572
5956
11085
17230
26229
46780
59716
62611
60018
63415
66320
362
1619
5344
12707
20801
21270
29525
34377
33318
35419
37562
2770
4052
4990
3951
5917
7808
14812
21104
22397
26146
21567
2426
4857
345
303
244
575
725
1224
1275
1362
1448
414180 626010 803907 1050745 1316108 1377767 2274375 2686468 2941280 3102909 3648126
IEA/OECD, 2012
1973

(thousand tonnes)
1973
Albania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lithuania
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Malta
Republic of Moldova
Montenegro
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
Lebanon
Syrian Arab Republic
United Arab Emirates
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(2)
2010 2011e
899
1580
2370
2145
80
73
77
98
226
248
44
x
x
x
552
3
2
x
x
x
200
6
x
x
x
2389
1125
504
168
76
79
79
55
x
x
x
19670
1640
7437
9457
11606
11547
12090
15941
32447
36703
38934
37824
34316
29223
29231
33167
30186
32601
40954
x
x
x
1893
331
703
1140
1182
848
1171
1646
74
97
97
49
53
41
22
27
18
x
x
x
1323
44
27
18
119
226
113
89
x
x
x
89249
64825
44090
63767
78456
72239
78029
82830
x
x
x
..
..
3633
4658
5232
5971
6270
6144
x
x
x
6154
792
1169
1339
1028
1104
1146
1399
x
x
x
920
252
97
120
162
130
167
273
x
x
x
1303
372
131
287
324
242
306
393
x
x
x
6937
7435
7769
7473
7744
7480
6939
6075
192
300
52
x
x
x
4510
1315
181
167
198
181
186
154
x
x
x
..
..
..
1261
1727
937
1869
1869
26180
39373
53109
46223
45700
31962
36002
39545
34483
31607
36875
x
x
x 374080 245331 230479 214594 229532 186662 223820 234666
x
x
x
45937
40605
37324
35391
38741
39085
37679
41185
x
x
x
1494
41
29
105
207
215
217
204
x
x
x
670
x
x
x 147423
89898
66680
64023
70571
59114
65489
67749
x
x
x
8940
3028
3542
3185
3518
3817
3426
2962
647358 692140 700445
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
33896
44306
73306
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
948
1783
1444
1061
1546
1781
2074
1754
1137
952
1140
1
180
200
200
200
109
340
289
1
1
236
557
894
1162
2084
Non-OECD Total
1349499 1720093 2080987 2345882 2455657 2556780 3655108 4277171 4508303 4760882 5374411
World
3093433 3755723 4365542 4664712 4573953 4800137 6014055 6636779 6681435 7010234 7595853
(2) Consumption data for 2011e is supplied by OECD member countries. For non-OECD countries, it is calculated using production
(2) and net trade data from varied sources. Stock changes are not accounted for, with the exception of the People's Republic of China,
(2) where it has been necessary to estimate consumption (and calculate stock changes) based on official growth rates.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 2.2: World coal (1) consumption

(thousand tonnes of coal equivalent)
2000
1985
1990
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
32250
4311
15207
21724
1695
54023
2697
x
2732
38773
205035
2992
9790
1
828
12067
83146
11575
298
2478
4292
1836
772
109504
690
10095
x
12000
1015
247
7356
109682
443017
38985
4078
15705
30066
1651
50086
8288
x
5123
44811
206438
4649
10441
11
1072
-0
17541
86700
19148
359
3336
5477
1465
951
144229
510
11394
x
17736
2019
302
9968
100725
541605
43074
4742
14798
36417
1759
50247
10334
x
4786
34140
211078
8616
9705
62
1619
2639
21980
107448
32567
199
4072
9808
1430
1118
141978
975
11701
x
27493
3760
613
17133
88643
607139
51013
4990
15192
34939
3532
46396
8653
8234
5083
28230
185039
11481
7874
64
2980
3265
20845
110805
36512
197
4822
13100
1692
718
116130
3929
10549
2180
27179
3566
469
24047
90091
657253
54309
69020
74907
75539
74945
73467
59979
3959
4103
4376
4004
3242
3682
3739
11781
10428
7075
5596
4394
4711
3924
35779
45032
41116
36459
31621
31186
27750
3219
4358
3826
6219
5032
6558
7456
33766
31202
29155
28281
24831
26039
24915
9236
5654
5272
5687
5693
5417
4609
4591
4192
4527
4875
4227
5546
5820
5886
4685
4182
4352
4781
6152
4875
22222
20551
19732
18114
15048
16065
13529
127428 115708 113443 112364 100063 106633 104098
11972
12910
12813
11885
12035
11232
11385
6627
5645
4288
4684
3809
4202
4307
62
97
112
104
94
101
107
2544
2670
2881
2256
1875
1873
2020
5758
9249
10581
11127
10209
10580
10843
17073
17406
22837
23488
18478
20411
21867
125826 138503 156500 162575 144742 163739 154823
38016
59932
70463
88967
92379 104265 113591
217
170
119
112
102
100
88
6940
8431
13279
9666
11176
12055
13209
13187
11233
11758
11304
10520
10603
10478
1624
1585
3135
2795
2089
1866
2058
976
958
762
792
516
784
732
103602
83489
83174
84831
77644
86032
85773
5178
5482
4780
3608
4086
2364
3232
7600
6003
5991
5666
5426
5202
5154
1913
1794
2140
2155
2005
2000
2009
26472
30447
29969
20157
14685
11169
17417
3332
2832
3034
2734
2402
2839
2990
240
170
197
207
194
202
205
23667
32055
32127
41969
42450
45591
48361
67264
52257
53599
50807
42617
44517
44537
676462 760150 796374 778329 693557 718216 696961
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
464741
128807
604406
468914
128807
604407
571672
146298
661900
576658
146298
661911
643556
184519
675467
649386
187157
675529
692192
200022
626739
700546
203287
637217
712241
219776
504230
722401
225534
510797
805181
269039
456059
817970
278288
462141
2005
837490
305005
451565
854595
315585
458343
2008
814788
329877
442897
830673
341004
450031
2009
(2)
1980
725178
314155
394892
741386
324364
401217
749402
343337
415819
768016
353917
423466
724711
330451
418234
745377
341294
426169
1197954 1379870 1503541 1518952 1436247 1530280 1594060 1587562 1434225 1508558 1473396
1202128 1384867 1512073 1541050 1458732 1558399 1628524 1621708 1466967 1545399 1512839
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA Total
OECD Total
1995
2010 2011e
1973

Algeria
Botswana
Dem. Rep. of Congo
Egypt
Kenya
Libya
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nigeria
Senegal
South Africa
Tunisia
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Panama
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Bangladesh
Cambodia
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
PR of China
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(2)
2010 2011e
57
89
1180
967
608
663
788
824
279
1
410
717
803
916
882
805
653
873
650
151
144
134
145
117
114
138
164
168
180
174
437
860
1147
1289
1482
1751
1742
1632
1597
1564
1564
63
14
79
133
85
58
78
96
84
145
28
8
522
559
947
1593
2411
3784
4654
4207
3865
3982
4582
501
246
90
49
48
9
9
9
28
12
2
15
320
149
105
105
259
133
83
48
18
3
7
7
7
7
7
134
190
225
233
316
48346
68117
96486
95056 111618 117142 131339 150746 146932 143897 137372
1
13
4
39
70
66
81
86
92
87
30
18
18
13
793
521
397
316
125
110
118
1
1
1
2540
2408
2787
4933
4140
3958
3406
2549
2687
2905
2802
199
245
334
384
389
614
672
855
828
857
824
1048
1363
1193
1381
1427
1040
1433
1707
1691
1394
2794
3151
8026
14337
13881
15249
17074
17043
18089
15244
18939
21703
2655
2603
2919
4480
5207
3929
3875
3333
5013
5759
7668
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
86
114
139
70
20
20
22
15
12
12
197
15
70
82
419
672
658
624
814
19
189
360
398
259
433
458
54
11
119
161
92
91
94
28
50
53
51
56
46
49
52
69
12
28
28
45
53
86
74
107
149
389
708
1075
1073
1142
1100
647
29
4
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
55
44
44
370
7
189
53
201
339
285
174
168
70
402
458
471
530
898
898
898
1320
11
12
29
11
3
4862
7859
8019
5333
9529
9987
10855
9088
11397
51756
70639 104438 147543 193105 228329 294832 369281 401871 410134 445972
116
193
735
5024
9043
17671
33111
36837
43590
43547
53052
25360
36683
44759
40087
26072
23836
25828
24125
23207
22215
22936
10
76
517
1936
2304
3297
9840
13565
15067
20858
21633
3263
3556
3182
2595
2690
3021
3250
3258
4523
66
206
214
86
23
457
472
552
512
585
1114
67
71
15
69
105
369
354
265
276
289
289
821
988
1951
2799
3097
2660
5332
6585
6344
5979
4522
17
407
1755
1869
2436
7121
8101
9634
8319
10861
12046
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
7
5
0
93
72
94
97
242
3220
5537
10298
16137
24573
42368
54438
56969
54436
58053
60823
120
673
2317
5386
9737
10601
16350
21958
21320
23115
23540
2216
3242
3992
3161
4734
6246
11723
16650
17918
20917
17254
1282
2642
304
267
215
489
601
1048
1088
1162
1273
290656 446724 559358 743896 940068 1028522 1699710 2008028 2200803 2326118 2737182
IEA/OECD, 2012
1973

1973
Albania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lithuania
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Malta
Republic of Moldova
Montenegro
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
Lebanon
Non-OECD Total
World
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(2)
2010 2011e
488
859
1279
899
27
25
26
33
76
83
15
x
x
x
350
2
1
x
x
x
127
4
x
x
x
2082
980
439
138
64
65
63
44
x
x
x
5969
498
3517
4725
5728
5808
6226
7205
11487
13028
14334
13259
10814
9189
9792
10643
9098
9781
11811
x
x
x
1462
217
598
954
988
698
948
1342
65
85
92
46
52
40
21
24
16
x
x
x
1280
30
19
14
99
159
70
57
x
x
x
56122
40613
27626
39866
49222
45169
48761
51984
x
x
x
..
..
1381
1768
1986
2264
2390
2342
x
x
x
3615
464
696
788
588
619
647
777
x
x
x
892
245
94
107
145
116
149
244
x
x
x
1117
319
112
245
278
207
262
336
x
x
x
1897
2036
1835
2127
2080
1907
1850
1598
169
264
46
x
x
x
2859
834
115
106
126
115
118
98
x
x
x
..
..
..
401
547
295
587
587
9862
15252
20352
17588
15559
10296
11983
12934
10194
9024
10914
x
x
x 269903 183716 171792 163117 169835 137290 165775 177479
x
x
x
14007
12351
11493
10886
11843
10798
10313
11380
x
x
x
887
22
17
65
128
133
135
127
x
x
x
425
x
x
x 120513
72497
55803
53045
57981
49484
53578
55838
x
x
x
4837
1525
1780
1602
1786
1922
1722
1509
436639 459831 423673
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
12816
17229
27067
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
851
1709
1381
1015
1475
1701
1947
1664
1086
908
1088
1
170
189
189
189
103
321
273
1
1
-
208
490
787
1023
1835
908970 1161735 1350269 1627694 1716120 1831769 2646224 3097011 3270346 3455493 3940790
2111098 2546602 2862341 3168744 3174852 3390168 4274748 4718719 4737313 5000892 5453630
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 2.3: World coking coal consumption

(thousand tonnes)
(1)
2010 2011e
1978
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
7216
2006
7524
6776
385
12567
12980
41881
213
1740
9909
58724
2009
4053
2953
414
25847
423
2180
x
4863
1227
3429
14988
68885
5476
2391
8086
6483
427
11365
6
11332
47825
1043
20
7
10165
73456
6959
3837
4061
6
394
17745
370
2790
x
4908
1620
4825
11122
37246
5932
2337
7157
5023
492
9941
711
9669
42216
971
13
14
8633
64934
11735
2911
4391
243
18127
313
3136
1
4456
1515
5335
10517
35269
5874
1908
4737
4417
715
6648
1650
7739
33993
1402
7
6966
59796
16305
1875
4893
140
17405
455
2745
3312
1646
4658
8487
29934
4799
1877
4045
4461
714
4972
1284
6543
24462
1280
14
6658
57081
19415
932
4054
13332
497
2597
3556
1772
7042
8824
25963
4462
1899
3263
4289
703
4334
1401
6222
22193
808
14
5630
56530
20883
676
4682
115
11157
2738
3463
1847
5585
6569
20893
4553
1900
3448
4725
694
4099
1418
6144
23000
1460
32
6197
58200
21736
1019
4703
13642
2854
3667
1998
5816
7201
20524
4548
1863
2912
5084
675
4301
1077
7218
20013
1432
7
5925
57367
23835
1007
4419
13012
2617
3453
1586
6878
6931
19989
3482
1693
1958
3672
591
2932
915
3504
15472
1022
10
3585
52334
21182
1903
3423
9907
2391
2502
1440
7151
5663
14042
4146
1839
2627
3720
509
3369
1206
4504
15113
1415
4
5145
57679
27210
1170
3953
67
12336
2490
2498
1868
7515
5973
19152
4383
1786
2579
5556
640
3812
1279
3753
15774
1465
8
5154
53835
32294
1787
4240
11811
2503
2540
1633
5575
5714
19403
IEA Americas
75661
43729
40292
34351
IEA Asia Oceania
67949
85897
82844
82115
IEA Europe
145144 140055 129439 108644
OECD Americas
80099
47993
43695
36941
OECD Asia Oceania
67949
85897
82844
82115
OECD Europe excl Estonia 145144 140075 129453 108651
30424
81295
92795
32070
81295
92809
25182
81990
81791
26561
81990
81805
25249
84489
87547
26962
84489
87579
25073
85750
83637
26755
85750
83644
17714
76998
63558
20208
76998
63568
22872
89102
71851
24551
89102
71855
24959
90512
69618
27386
90512
69626
IEA Total
OECD Total
288754 269681 252575 225110 204514 188963 197285 194460 158270 183825 185089
293192 273965 255992 227707 206174 190356 199030 196149 160774 185508 187524
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Table 2.3: World coking coal consumption (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
1978
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
(1)
2010 2011e
Algeria
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Guatemala
Jamaica
Peru
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Mongolia
Pakistan
Chinese Taipei
PR of China
Albania
Bulgaria
Croatia
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Tajikistan
Ukraine
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
50
1226
975
1192
7018
6000
946
269
990
826
4869
9602
705
745
40
50
15757
28149
3857
5000
16
716
1386
2562
52304
62873
25
33
x
x
1921
1553
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
5734
7825
x
x
x
x
x
x
129250 123985
1447
4689
1107
1344
1005
632
689
819
856
856
290
1339
1540
1820
1810
1733
1696
1660
1625
1625
5675
4220
2569
2975
3222
3346
3028
3082
3945
1
1
612
621
813
690
658
405
413
424
412
1121
589
558
789
802
787
787
689
1102
10489
11094
9936
9742
10376
10345
9146
10953
11971
775
681
587
514
522
541
1115
1960
3467
21
52
55
53
58
36
48
51
54
72
37
51
44
39491
39409
35852
39041
46010
46544
54556
51949
54785
140
98
68
107
69
55
2036
5143
1040
203
154
155
96
123
1102
1085
950
565
466
1200
431
429
440
4150
4208
5236
4919
4600
4597
4175
5642
3819
80162 139861 119038 329821 380133 392428 443353 459414 538985
62
592
672
708
859
1264
1241
1854
1693
1325
1051
751
434
747
686
6
29983
10853
10343
10734
10910
10332
10718
11612
12433
141
155
143
117
70
67
1
2
5082
5047
2257
2963
2883
1951
337
132
627
53885
50669
43938
44991
46529
42200
46807
49701
64710
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
54508
31642
30581
29821
30296
27722
24771
26369
26560
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
986
1388
1626
1484
1395
1467
1033
856
1027
Non-OECD Total
228397 258639 299064 306462 268424 483479 543075 547871 603840 626490 729624
World
521589 532604 555056 534169 474598 673835 742105 744020 764614 811998 917148
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 2.4: World steam coal (1) consumption

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(3)
2010 2011e
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States(4)
27292
27373
34504
43367
45865
56031
66186
67205
66717
64059
45814
2856
500
787
1822
1484
1885
2215
2236
1645
1964
2087
17169
8994
7490
8996
7657
7001
4288
2969
2724
2293
1525
17556
24269
31904
34765
37318
47299
44782
40647
35158
34316
27573
1711
1224
1365
3228
2676
3876
3868
7051
6226
7842
9014
27780
11771
10665
10119
7532
5745
4887
5127
3825
4443
3712
3146
9662
11929
9992
11003
6641
6293
6836
6778
6496
5526
x
x
x
382
85
87
56
129
87
60
70
3035
5692
5318
4937
4890
3909
3197
3909
4498
5776
4199
40289
33510
25175
19122
14872
15258
14920
11907
12818
12790
10794
105801
46092
45641
44749
40231
44501
41759
44054
36544
43475
37540
651
161
1750
1380
1480
1121
563
523
337
614
387
2137
3249
3456
1435
287
390
1269
1182
757
653
465
1
12
49
52
58
87
103
102
88
102
104
822
1066
1579
3184
2689
2985
2995
2357
1957
1956
2111
2927
3720
6568
10591
12124
12940
11847
12310
12618
11603
5787
11729
12694
10480
11355
18610
18985
16357
16616
18139
81690
17496
35935
50026
73768
96109 120444 126721 111383 127688 121542
16329
23803
35546
33041
28329
52384
61389
78888
85679
92838
98050
305
346
199
197
217
172
122
115
104
102
89
2894
1480
3970
8368
11358
16880
12990
14460
16468
17450
4794
2452
6215
9641
9388
8686
8327
8266
8448
7920
7443
2317
1760
1804
1841
1755
1882
3925
3680
2727
2286
2625
772
519
724
749
1018
999
795
826
538
818
763
122097 138506 138825 102104
90418
70039
69281
69656
65823
72452
71523
805
241
680
4084
5253
5657
5476
4156
4677
2702
3695
5834
3037
3019
2743
2585
2059
2245
2034
1936
1673
1555
x
x
x
262
328
446
612
596
492
520
437
13260
14715
26058
25788
28696
33695
33471
22960
17176
12163
20975
1060
484
2538
2194
1798
1089
1223
1188
993
991
1410
258
315
640
481
245
173
178
162
155
166
164
4595
1781
1887
3098
3956
8506
14574
16472
15902
18854
21924
133527 111982
94858
96205
67429
51015
55210
51289
43123
45455
45499
492567 546581 645362 701657 752854 866163 932692 931318 839346 862251 832051
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
510123
127628
502596
514728
127628
502597
Austria
Belgium(4)
Canada
Chile(4)
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland(4)
France(4)
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland(4)
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan(4)
Korea(4)
Luxembourg
Mexico(4)
Netherlands
New Zealand(4)
Norway
Poland
Portugal(4)
IEA Total
OECD Total
570850
70432
400862
572074
70432
400874
677266
107789
401162
680111
110716
401211
736422
128275
365714
743620
131995
366410
790172
149717
313608
801216
156285
314079
913462
206406
282881
928696
216997
283501
977474
251944
291898
998222
264068
292669
971965
276494
277209
992006
289434
278036
874504
266506
247115
895190
278353
247782
896567
286871
260372
920877
299181
261054
859624
268031
261525
886088
280649
262136
1140347 1042144 1186217 1230411 1253497 1402749 1521316 1525668 1388125 1443810 1389180
1144953 1043380 1192038 1242025 1271580 1429194 1554959 1559476 1421325 1481112 1428873
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia(4)
1980
Table 2.4: World steam coal (1) consumption (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
Algeria
Botswana
Dem. Rep. of Congo
Egypt
Kenya
Libya
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nigeria
Senegal
South Africa
Tunisia
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Other Africa
Argentina
Brazil
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Panama
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Bangladesh
Cambodia
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
PR of China
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(3)
2010 2011e
63
1
466
815
912
1040
1002
914
742
992
738
170
167
156
169
136
132
160
190
195
209
202
487
1
70
16
90
151
96
66
89
109
95
165
32
9
582
635
1110
1774
2665
4018
4938
4462
4099
4223
4860
587
288
106
58
56
10
10
10
33
16
3
20
413
193
136
136
289
151
94
55
20
3
8
8
8
8
8
152
215
254
264
357
60408
79803 119870 119225 142985 154566 172428 193381 189136 186886 178765
1
15
3
43
79
75
92
98
105
99
33
21
21
15
941
618
471
375
148
130
140
1
1
1
2758
1623
2757
4743
3873
3484
3008
2362
2504
2730
2630
222
278
379
436
442
697
763
971
940
974
936
1072
624
421
246
850
500
594
895
867
675
1627
2842
2066
5212
2703
3374
7463
7686
8929
6792
9278
10764
2859
2087
2399
4050
4927
3644
3659
3048
4284
4242
4791
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
95
126
153
77
22
22
24
17
13
13
224
17
80
93
476
763
747
709
925
22
215
409
452
294
492
497
61
12
135
183
105
103
107
32
13
32
32
51
60
86
25
57
112
338
664
1075
1073
1142
1100
647
32
4
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
53
42
42
355
7
181
51
193
325
273
243
235
98
563
642
660
742
1257
1257
1257
1848
16
17
43
12
3
5523
8928
9109
6058
10824
11345
12331
10324
12946
73410
87296 120167 166231 233168 296333 394230 495490 530741 553569 591128
129
236
925
6320
11892
22580
41933
48819
57816
57799
64742
23580
40170
49200
43310
30900
29383
31806
29709
28576
27356
28014
13
84
574
2150
2558
3661
10926
15062
16730
23161
24022
480
595
1290
70
74
221
223
80
15
468
504
592
548
646
1132
78
83
17
81
123
430
413
309
322
337
337
1270
1098
1567
2320
2546
2166
5139
6350
6508
6188
4653
558
2415
2573
3001
8600
9909
11794
10060
13319
14785
1
1
1
8
5
93
72
93
95
242
3572
4443
8523
13080
22021
41544
54797
58014
55843
57773
62501
1
94
212
250
2305
3684
8479
15885
15475
17378
16425
2770
4052
4990
3951
5917
7808
14490
20511
22397
26146
21567
220
657
345
303
244
530
630
1148
1187
1268
1444
414180 559188 741034 970583 1176247 1258729 1854137 2183502 2378905 2520059 2966891
IEA/OECD, 2012
1973(2)
Table 2.4: World steam coal (1) consumption (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
Albania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lithuania
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Malta
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Serbia
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Former Soviet Union
Former Yugoslavia
Islam. Rep. of Iran
Lebanon
1995
2000
89
135
187
240
x
x
x
552
3
x
x
x
200
6
x
x
x
2389
1125
x
x
x
6136
5073
6724
4192
4944
x
x
x
403
143
74
97
97
x
x
x
637
38
x
x
x
55823
50342
x
x
x
..
..
x
x
x
4014
505
x
x
x
917
252
x
x
x
1303
372
x
x
x
12
72
192
300
52
x
x
x
4510
1315
8490
6781
6880
4269
843
x
x
x 186148 112597
x
x
x
137
55
x
x
x
1044
34
x
x
x
670
x
x
x
84932
55256
x
x
x
2740
81
490220 397576 419445
x
x
2540
388
400
x
x
948
83
100
75
158
1
180
1
1
-
504
4057
2054
623
49
27
31309
9
830
97
130
181
392
98284
306
27
35306
69
x
x
155
200
-
1980
1985
1990
2005
(3)
2010 2011e
2008
2009
2
168
76
4556
5408
3310
4203
1057
1121
52
40
18
119
48836
64249
12
15
887
554
120
162
284
324
97
175
167
198
715
1191
96447 106563
227
245
103
205
33793
42660
73
198
x
x
x
x
590
287
200
200
-
79
5382
3015
799
21
226
56812
7
502
130
101
110
179
788
69630
170
213
33806
101
x
x
104
109
-
79
5224
3156
1112
26
113
61120
34
554
167
150
155
186
645
97843
147
215
38602
65
x
x
96
340
-
55
4651
3235
1587
18
89
66440
34
579
273
249
119
154
876
92176
158
204
41111
210
x
x
113
289
-
894
1162
2084
236
557
Non-OECD Total
1101544 1197023 1504406 1712431 1891549 2034510 2827942 3347225 3524836 3741480 4235530
World
2246497 2240403 2696444 2954456 3163129 3463704 4382901 4906701 4946161 5222592 5664403
(1) Steam coal is also commonly known as thermal coal. From 1978 onwards it comprises anthracite, bituminous coal and
(1) sub-bituminous coal. For further information, see notes and definitions in Part I.
(2) Data prior to 1978 are hard coal. Hard coal comprises anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal and for certain countries
(2) sub-bituminous coal.
(4) Includes sub-bituminous coal prior to 1978.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 2.5: World lignite (1) consumption

(thousand tonnes)
Australia(4)
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
(3)
2010 2011e
Poland
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Switzerland
Turkey
United States(4)
24121
32894
38380
45990
50752
67293
70533
69907
72037
72090
69502
3328
3274
3868
2504
1743
1343
1211
8
7
12
2
95
275
276
195
220
206
281
173
244
69
8058
5682
9788
9358
10899
11208
11140
9802
10423
10136
9609
61
40
35
75965
79822
83854
71772
52300
50372
47622
45381
44238
43732
41901
x
x
x
25954
14561
13232
14804
15704
13769
17889
18739
2775
2570
2418
2094
1516
355
36
67
51
53
82
372497 391753 432521 364050 194811 169942 177892 174833 169846 169520 176304
13000
22692
36214
52053
56962
64564
70096
64632
65213
57704
59663
26896
22600
21127
17899
15242
13503
9511
9223
8897
8921
9646
38
45
36
53
25
24
21
21
303
470
390
429
427
444
432
416
1299
1385
2041
1089
196
30
8
4
7
6
5
100
27
28
2
4
3
3
4
4
3
20
156
103
69
33
46
50
25
28
30
23
143
208
264
159
243
213
246
253
260
292
321
34282
35308
57565
67391
63196
59488
61589
59651
57084
56593
62693
12784
16039
15784
12481
7221
4213
3307
3374
3266
3051
3151
x
x
x
5827
4911
4479
4580
4601
4450
4402
4556
3062
11100
17474
16579
10534
8403
7564
13
8
6
39
75
66
62
69
7642
15243
34778
45891
52405
64384
56577
75264
75641
69239
74375
12948
42129
62063
79023
80764
74265
76136
70443
65105
68299
73895
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
21006
47811
71851
88381
91663
85473
87276
80245
75528
78435
83504
24364
33129
38644
46149
50995
67506
70779
70160
72297
72382
69823
553550 602065 708022 654199 456407 436905 435761 432843 424541 409188 428004
21067
47851
71886
88381
91665
85477
87279
80248
75532
78439
83507
24364
33129
38644
46452
51465
67896
71208
70587
72741
72814
70239
553550 602065 708022 685980 475879 454616 455145 453148 442760 431479 451299
IEA Total
OECD Total
598920 683005 818517 788729 599065 589884 593816 583248 572366 560005 581331
598981 683045 818552 820813 619009 607989 613632 603983 591033 582732 605045
Austria
Belgium(4)
Canada
Chile(4)
Czech Republic
Estonia
France(4)
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan(4)
Luxembourg
Mexico(4)
Netherlands
New Zealand(4)
IEA/OECD, 2012
1973(2)
Table 2.5: World lignite (1) consumption (continued)

(thousand tonnes)
1973(2)
1990
1995
2000
Brazil
1280
922
2047
2244
India
3762
5059
7913
14985
DPR of Korea
7000
Mongolia
5687
6054
Myanmar
27
43
38
Pakistan
471
671
824
Philippines
40
4
3
Singapore
1
1
2
2
Thailand
361
1525
5132
12457
Vietnam
Other Asia
2206
4200
Albania
810
1420
2150
1843
x
x
x
19670
Bulgaria
26311
29704
30657
31778
Croatia
x
x
x
743
Cyprus
Kazakhstan
x
x
x
3443
Kosovo
x
x
x
..
Kyrgyzstan
x
x
x
2140
Latvia
x
x
x
3
Lithuania
x
x
x
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
x
x
x
6808
Montenegro
x
x
x
..
Romania
17690
27364
38404
36872
Russian Federation
x
x
x 134047
Serbia
x
x
x
45800
Tajikistan
x
x
x
450
Ukraine
x
x
x
7983
Uzbekistan
x
x
x
6200
Former Soviet Union
157138 163030 157015
x
Former Yugoslavia
31356
40516
68217
x
2652
22298
3914
23
1091
3
18496
80
1640
27679
188
3630
..
287
7293
..
39810
82065
40550
3000
2947
x
x
2871
24824
5142
112
928
3
17586
45
73
3380
25844
80
2438
3624
339
1
7702
..
29313
88257
37018
793
3473
x
x
Non-OECD Total
World
1980
1985
2005
2008
2009
(3)
2010 2011e
2575
1549
1482
1476
2184
30239
31846
34409
37685
41334
5473
5844
6425
6388
9203
70
77
72
40
288
2010
841
1200
1101
1167
21046
18492
17843
18041
21137
322
593
95
76
88
94
4
90417 110538 119022 123436 142250
77
98
226
248
44
4309
5490
5306
5602
10049
24870
28530
27171
29445
37719
83
61
49
59
59
1
1
1
1
4197
3875
4709
5297
3957
4646
5217
5964
6236
6110
452
474
602
592
820
3
1
1
7376
7569
7370
6784
5956
1261
1727
937
1869
1869
32324
36403
33358
30830
35372
73156
80769
70225
76276
77780
35164
38496
38915
37532
41027
409
189
537
518
78
3112
3320
3716
3361
2752
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
247955 274239 317942 334387 257646 253846 343687 382075 379627 392912 441160
846936 957284 1136494 1155200 876655 861835 957319 986058 970660 975644 1046205
(1) Lignite includes oil shale.

(2) Data before 1978 are brown coal, which may include sub-bituminous coal.
(4) Brown coal data excludes sub-bituminous coal.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 2.6: OECD consumption of coke oven coke (1)

(thousand tonnes)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
4983
2681
8429
5454
333
5913
96
x
877
14783
37220
414
2317
13
2
7099
51800
356
3235
2173
2657
20
826
14212
306
2422
x
5349
1900
5077
2674
6542
5519
399
6244
116
x
1224
13180
32691
261
2243
16
8
1
7379
45795
3086
2282
2494
2363
13
849
17849
317
1642
x
3917
1618
3520
2993
5789
5212
334
6472
68
x
1218
10353
29657
55
2000
34
22
1
7258
44859
5359
1854
3022
2539
6
881
14671
401
2126
x
3758
1494
3300
2403
5265
3412
373
5713
40
20
1272
7714
21127
42
1183
30
29
6413
49890
8800
1447
2528
2339
373
529
9854
240
2833
70
3365
1422
3952
2354
4287
3682
590
3857
43
1
1192
6219
14879
12
990
18
6
5656
41939
10593
521
2951
2454
369
500
8294
296
1964
57
3131
1496
3456
2436
3928
3429
506
3144
40
2
1427
6119
14982
1
804
47
5041
41604
12288
1
3591
2027
349
559
5762
323
1815
72
1923
1495
2729
2733
2951
3361
540
2949
34
1416
5043
12209
4
751
33
5271
43191
9276
1
3166
2082
418
356
3399
5
1984
60
2027
1701
2762
2716
2942
4191
576
2886
35
1
1358
4735
12360
1
735
32
4250
40776
11557
2
3564
2145
392
448
3533
4
1715
39
2136
1405
2348
2128
1415
2307
431
2290
26
1034
4101
9770
1
644
31
2487
37964
9888
1
1644
1758
414
294
2693
3
1752
30
1732
840
2705
2567
1750
3388
319
2610
23
1270
4227
12243
1
754
30
3938
42571
14178
1
2516
2146
458
425
3059
3
2078
33
1841
1424
2670
2669
1781
2808
513
2612
23
1241
4074
11211
743
21
4125
39095
15143
1
3153
2159
478
474
2920
3
1928
35
1674
1323
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
185
1251
17034
64235
131
1954
7296
37446
82
2803
9209
26553
43
3256
8244
25230
31
3201
6517
22180
27
3592
6114
21085
20
3428
5001
16547
24
4097
5104
15428
22
3500
3735
9364
18
4454
3425
13469
20
4740
3091
14360
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
69689
42965
31765
57159
53971
53744
129219 112780 105703
72195
45858
35121
57161
53972
53745
129219 112796 105737
28642
62363
84773
31543
62363
84893
25862
56853
67900
29403
56853
67976
24514
57697
61560
28611
57697
61681
19908
55614
53365
23614
55614
53458
19619
55487
52631
23759
55487
52703
11671
50614
40226
13746
50614
40287
16857
59912
48257
19692
59912
48320
17168
57386
46812
20834
57386
46868
IEA Total
OECD Total
256067 209716 191212 175778 150615 143771 128887 127737 102511 125026 121366
258575 212626 194603 178799 154232 147989 132686 131949 104647 127924 125088
IEA/OECD, 2012
7 365.39
7 722.67
2 448.98
IEA Total
OECD Total
EU27
1 089.01
4 181.53
4 076.58
199.18
14.49
11.40
95.80
17.17
73.36
15.27
14.18
27.73
45.26
306.24
32.95
10.45
0.36
7.87
28.80
51.81
425.38
276.29
0.29
38.51
28.19
5.31
2.76
207.23
6.40
14.09
5.94
31.39
9.37
0.61
119.75
117.02
1 940.72
Coal
from
1 508.25
5 108.24
4 769.96
117.15
33.03
52.76
261.52
42.72
22.82
19.66
2.98
25.79
211.43
266.05
43.95
15.93
1.56
19.94
29.12
184.94
497.41
186.64
7.35
254.57
65.44
17.55
23.97
66.64
30.65
9.61
7.32
163.73
32.77
32.71
72.78
171.08
2 116.67
Oil
from
from
1 011.61
3 050.21
2 903.15
66.53
18.90
38.83
178.54
9.81
17.39
10.38
1.31
8.74
95.60
171.81
7.24
22.17
0.00
10.82
10.14
157.43
215.02
90.22
2.80
123.84
90.07
8.00
11.79
27.94
10.46
11.15
1.96
72.23
3.10
7.00
73.19
193.63
1 282.17
50.68
100.29
100.18
0.62
2.93
3.45
0.77
0.01
0.92
1.70
0.00
0.66
5.52
17.48
0.15
0.40
0.00
0.04
0.00
4.29
5.27
9.93
0.17
0.00
3.29
0.00
0.65
3.30
0.65
0.15
0.11
0.98
2.34
3.51
0.16
1.79
29.07
Gas
Other*
(Million tonnes CO2)
from
3 659.54
12 440.27
11 849.86
383.48
69.34
106.43
536.63
69.71
114.48
47.02
18.47
62.92
357.81
761.58
84.28
48.95
1.92
38.66
68.06
398.47
1 143.07
563.08
10.61
416.91
187.00
30.86
39.17
305.10
48.15
35.00
15.32
268.32
47.57
43.83
265.88
483.52
5 368.63
Total
% Coal in
29.76
33.6
34.4
51.9
20.9
10.7
17.9
24.6
64.1
32.5
76.7
44.1
12.7
40.2
39.1
21.3
18.7
20.3
42.3
13.0
37.2
49.1
2.8
9.2
15.1
17.2
7.0
67.9
13.3
40.3
38.8
11.7
19.7
1.4
45.0
24.2
36.1
(%)
emissions
total energyrelated CO2
2.13
3.29
3.28
4.39
2.93
2.50
3.04
3.22
3.71
3.49
4.74
2.47
1.95
3.32
4.36
2.72
0.51
3.84
4.24
3.34
3.29
3.22
3.59
3.34
3.20
2.42
1.72
4.30
2.92
2.81
3.04
3.00
1.33
2.39
3.61
3.41
3.46
(t CO2 / tce)
related
CO2/TPES
Energy-
0.26
0.33
0.33
0.44
0.21
0.27
0.45
0.50
0.77
0.18
1.33
0.31
0.16
0.26
0.35
0.45
0.12
0.19
0.41
0.23
0.25
0.55
0.26
0.45
0.27
0.25
0.12
0.80
0.25
0.58
0.39
0.23
0.12
0.11
0.47
0.21
0.41
2005 USD)
(kg CO2/
related
CO2/GDP
Energy-
7.83
10.10
10.82
17.00
8.27
9.78
15.73
4.08
10.89
8.48
13.79
11.73
5.52
9.32
7.45
4.89
6.04
8.64
8.93
6.59
8.97
11.52
20.98
3.85
11.26
7.04
8.01
7.99
4.53
6.45
7.48
5.82
5.07
5.63
3.65
7.78
17.31
(t CO2 / capita)
related
CO2/population
Energy-
Share in
100.0
95.4
2.3
0.6
1.1
4.7
0.6
0.8
0.4
0.1
0.7
4.9
6.1
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.4
3.1
9.2
4.6
0.1
3.3
1.5
0.3
0.6
1.9
0.4
0.3
0.1
2.4
0.9
0.5
1.9
3.7
41.0
(%)
TPES
total OECD
IEA/OECD, 2012
Sources: IEA, Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2009-2010 (Paris: OECD, 2012) and CO 2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion (Paris: OECD, 2012).
* Other includes industrial wastes and non-renewable municipal wastes.
Note: Energy-related CO2 emissions are calculated using the Tier 1 IPCC Sectoral Approach. Emissions from the combustion of biomass-derived fuels are not included in accordance with the IPCC
greenhouse gas inventory methodology.
178.18
48.34
86.94
359.77
44.17
63.01
27.50
7.95
52.00
374.70
467.68
39.45
36.67
7.67
20.57
32.73
243.20
709.78
357.16
6.04
254.45
119.18
26.00
46.36
144.94
33.63
25.45
10.30
182.49
73.26
37.44
150.19
289.29
3 166.18
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
(Mtce)
TPES
Energy-related CO2 emissions
Table 2.7: Key energy and CO2 emissions data for OECD countries (2010)
Share in
100.0
95.3
3.1
0.6
0.9
4.3
0.6
0.9
0.4
0.1
0.5
2.9
6.1
0.7
0.4
0.0
0.3
0.5
3.2
9.2
4.5
0.1
3.4
1.5
0.2
0.3
2.5
0.4
0.3
0.1
2.2
0.4
0.4
2.1
3.9
43.2
(%)
energy-related
CO2 emissions
total OECD
COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) - III.31
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA/OECD, 2012
3. TRADE
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 3.1: World and seaborne coal trade

(million tonnes)
Steam coal
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Total coal(1)
Coking coal
Total
Seaborne
Total
Seaborne
Total
Seaborne
297.6
298.5
308.3
297.3
296.2
261.5
273.8
303.7
323.3
344.6
365.7
360.9
424.1
457.0
466.0
514.1
557.6
597.2
648.7
681.5
711.7
748.6
777.7
861.7
155.6
166.6
183.5
201.5
210.3
197.5
217.2
246.8
271.3
284.9
292.7
302.4
356.0
382.8
405.9
443.2
486.0
527.6
568.6
606.5
616.7
672.9
712.8
790.8
191.9
190.9
199.1
193.3
172.8
186.5
182.9
193.9
195.0
200.7
186.2
185.0
183.3
199.1
187.6
205.9
197.3
206.4
222.8
246.8
234.2
209.4
280.7
275.8
148.8
152.0
153.8
164.3
153.9
160.6
163.2
172.1
174.7
181.4
171.3
172.4
167.7
181.3
172.4
190.4
179.9
186.8
204.4
225.5
211.6
189.6
246.6
238.3
489.6
489.5
509.6
492.4
480.6
450.1
458.2
498.3
520.8
545.8
554.0
547.7
609.2
657.8
654.0
720.3
755.7
806.1
876.7
935.1
956.0
961.3
1062.2
1139.1
304.5
318.6
337.6
366.4
364.7
358.6
380.9
419.2
446.1
466.3
464.7
475.4
523.8
564.2
578.5
633.8
666.4
714.7
776.1
836.7
835.9
863.3
959.9
1029.4
(1) Total coal is steam coal + coking coal + lignite. SPACE
Table 3.2: World total coal trade

OECD
(million tonnes)
Oth. Eur.
Africa +
Asia
Europe
+ Eurasia
Mid. East
North
Latin
Balancing
America
America
item
World
Exporters
2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011
2010
2011
Australia
Canada
Poland
United States
Other OECD
115.5 109.7 145.7 145.7
Total OECD
PR of China
Colombia
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Russian Fed.
South Africa
Oth. non-OECD
Tot. Imp./Exp.
20.4
18.4
0.1
0.1
2.3
1.5
3.2
3.4
5.6
4.6
-0.2
1.1
292.6
284.5
10.5
7.9
13.5
14.6
4.6
5.3
0.1
2.1
1.7
2.0
2.5
0.6
1.5
33.3
33.6
0.0
12.3
7.9
0.1
0.2
-2.5
-1.3
10.0
6.8
3.8
5.3
13.4
18.9
32.4
38.8
4.2
7.4
2.4
3.7
12.2
9.2
8.7
10.6
-3.2
3.2
73.9
97.1
0.5
0.4
0.0
0.0
11.4
10.6
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
7.4
6.4
19.6
18.1
130.2 123.3 172.6 179.2
81.2
81.0
4.8
7.8
4.8
5.3
17.5
14.6
16.2
17.9
2.2
11.0
429.4
440.1
6.5
4.4
13.5
8.2
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.2
0.7
20.1
13.5
0.1
0.2
11.6
8.1
38.6
51.3
0.3
1.2
4.3
7.8
16.4
10.8
10.5
9.6
-10.4
-13.5
71.4
75.5
33.7 192.3 262.7
309.5
35.2
10.2
10.1
0.7
0.9
1.2
0.2
1.7
0.9
0.8
0.6
25.0
0.5
267.2
0.3
0.6
24.0
23.8
-11.5
7.4
12.8
31.8
11.4
11.9
20.4
28.2
56.1
59.0
12.1
13.9
3.6
2.9
0.0
0.1
0.4
1.2
26.5
5.9
130.6
123.2
0.3
0.7
39.5
37.9
19.4
18.2
0.0
0.1
7.8
7.3
1.3
1.1
2.2
1.9
-0.9
4.4
69.6
71.7
1.7
1.2
89.3
59.1
10.9
11.0
3.1
4.2
3.0
1.7
0.8
1.0
1.4
2.4
-52.7
-1.8
57.4
78.8
185.4 175.4 530.6 574.0 216.9 231.2
44.0
49.6
23.9
23.8
37.7
28.7
32.8
35.3
-13.0
26.0 1058.4 1144.0
Notes: The data in this table come from a variety of sources. The columns for OECD Europe, Japan and North America hold import
Notes: statistics from those regions and countries. The data in the rows from Australia to Total OECD, except the data in the columns
Notes: mentioned above, are export statistics from these countries and regions. The data in the World column are based on export
Notes: statistics. Other data are based on national and international sources and estimates, with this itemised trade data stored in an
Notes: independent database. Trade aggregates may differ from data reported elsewhere. There are additional uncertainties in the
Notes: regional breakdown of the different types of coal. The Balancing item is used to account for this. In addition, the Balancing
Notes: item accounts for regional differences in national methodologies countries use to classify their coal imports and exports, coal
Notes: in-transit, coal that is unaccounted for, confidentiality, and reporting discrepancies by importing and exporting countries.
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics and Secretariat sources.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Japan
Other
Table 3.3: World steam coal trade
Exporters
Australia
Canada
Poland
United States
Other OECD
Total OECD
(million tonnes)
Other
OECD
Oth. Eur.
Africa +
North
Latin
Balancing
Japan
Asia
Europe
+ Eurasia Mid. East
America
America
Item
2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011
World
2010
2011
78.8
80.1
65.1
74.2
3.5
3.1
0.5
0.5
3.2
3.4
0.3
0.7
-16.0
-18.1
135.4
144.1
7.1
2.6
3.2
3.5
0.9
1.3
0.7
0.4
0.1
-6.2
-1.8
5.8
5.9
0.0
10.5
5.6
0.1
0.1
-2.5
-0.6
8.2
5.1
2.6
0.7
4.3
6.7
11.6
18.9
0.0
0.6
1.2
2.4
9.1
5.5
1.2
2.4
-7.0
-3.1
23.0
34.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
7.6
6.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
5.4
5.7
13.6
13.2
88.8
83.4
72.6
84.5
34.1
35.8
0.3
0.8
1.8
3.1
13.0
9.5
1.7
3.2
-26.3
-17.9
185.9
202.3
PR of China
4.9
3.9 11.3
6.8
0.3
0.1
Colombia
0.1
0.2 11.6
8.1 37.8 50.4
Indonesia
23.9 22.2 191.4 262.2 10.2 10.0
Kazakhstan
0.3
0.6
Russian Fed.
8.1 10.0 16.9 23.9 53.4 56.9
South Africa
0.2
0.7 39.3 37.9 18.8 17.7
Other Non-OECD 1.6
1.2 78.4 38.8 10.1 10.0
Tot. Imp./Exp. 127.7 121.5 434.6 477.4 165.0 181.5
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.2
-0.3
18.8
10.6
0.3
1.2
4.3
7.8
16.4
10.8
10.5
9.6
-10.1
-12.7
70.9
75.4
308.9
0.7
0.9
1.2
0.2
1.7
0.9
0.8
0.6
35.0
12.0
265.0
23.8
23.8
-11.7
7.4
12.5
31.8
6.2
9.8
3.5
2.8
0.0
0.1
0.4
1.2
25.6
4.7
114.2
109.4
0.0
0.1
7.8
7.3
1.3
1.1
2.1
1.9
-0.1
5.0
69.4
71.7
3.1
3.1
3.0
1.7
0.8
0.9
1.3
1.5
-57.4
0.9
40.9
58.1
34.6
39.7
21.1
21.4
33.3
23.5
18.5
21.1
-57.0
-17.9
777.7
868.2
Table 3.4: World coking coal trade
Australia(1)
Canada
Poland
United States
Other OECD
Total OECD
World
2010
2011
36.7
29.6
80.6
71.5
16.9
15.2
0.1
0.1
1.8
1.0
5.2
3.9
15.9
19.2
157.3
140.5
3.4
5.3
10.4
11.0
3.7
4.0
0.1
1.4
1.4
1.9
2.5
6.8
3.3
27.5
27.7
1.8
2.3
0.0
0.1
-0.0
-0.7
1.8
1.7
1.2
4.6
9.0
12.2
20.8
19.9
4.2
6.8
1.2
1.3
3.1
3.8
7.4
8.3
3.9
6.3
50.9
63.1
0.4
0.0
0.0
3.8
3.7
0.1
0.1
1.9
0.7
6.0
4.9
39.9 100.0
94.8
47.1
45.1
4.5
7.1
3.0
2.3
4.5
5.1
14.5
14.7
28.5
28.9
243.5
237.7
2.9
0.2
41.4
PR of China
1.5
Colombia
0.0
Indonesia
11.3
Kazakhstan
Russian Fed.
3.2
South Africa
0.1
Other Non-OECD 0.0
Tot. Imp./Exp.
57.7
0.5
2.2
1.4
0.0
0.0
-2.5
1.0
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.9
-0.4
-0.8
0.4
0.1
11.5
0.9
0.6
0.0
-10.0
-11.5
2.2
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.3
1.9
3.5
4.3
2.7
2.1
5.9
4.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
1.0
1.3
16.3
13.8
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.1
-0.8
-0.5
0.1
0.0
10.9
20.3
0.8
1.0
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.1
0.9
4.6
-2.7
16.5
20.7
53.8
96.1
96.6
51.9
49.7
9.3
9.9
2.8
2.4
4.5
5.2
14.4
14.3
44.0
43.9
280.7
275.8
(1) Includes exports of soft and semi-soft coking coal used for pulverised coal injection (PCI).
IEA/OECD, 2012
Exporters
(million tonnes)
Other
OECD
Oth. Eur.
Africa +
North
Latin
Balancing
Japan
Asia
Europe
+ Eurasia Mid. East
America
America
Item
2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011
Table 3.5: World coal imports - regional aggregates
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
World
OECD
Non
OECD
388115
298046
90069
19894
127435
150717
391757
303439
88318
18618
129421
155400
510424
327069
183355
18506
134646
507784
350059
157725
17157
487047
344342
142705
17967
456130
330293
125837
471864
348744
502692
Non-OECD
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe
Eurasia
4675
10760
39618
35067
4681
10973
41738
30926
173917
4123
11687
44576
122970
145691
187211
4722
12261
42832
97910
146844
179531
4649
11927
48359
78170
16270
154815
159208
4756
12645
53799
54637
123120
18467
168607
161670
5200
13171
54715
50034
369555
133137
19297
180275
169983
5355
13467
61833
52482
514527
381567
132960
23204
183602
174761
6594
14448
65862
46056
542418
405939
136479
27064
197018
181857
6880
14348
72265
42987
549176
411774
137402
32408
193266
186100
8222
14773
72125
42282
551502
418396
133106
35561
202782
180053
7848
14646
80531
30081
626779
468538
158241
41420
225168
201950
9089
15264
91115
42772
669586
500404
169182
48655
232446
219303
10200
14988
99187
44807
683824
501737
182087
47103
245836
208798
11247
15639
115772
39430
729221
530500
198721
55434
252539
222527
10919
16893
121474
49069
786493
566523
219970
52453
273444
240626
11019
17319
146262
45370
804866
565936
238930
59654
267504
238778
11340
17235
166774
43581
869110
600639
268471
66236
272819
261584
11769
16479
190970
49253
920898
617525
303373
63600
289485
264440
11481
18378
221893
51621
930166
616006
314160
63236
297048
255722
11973
18996
225256
57935
933459
545312
388147
45709
279246
220357
10267
16283
321649
39948
1032785
579493
453292
44801
316523
218169
10653
19630
376380
46629
1102413
587234
515179
37809
317009
232416
11599
24271
430771
48538
Table 3.6: World sub-bituminous and lignite imports - regional aggregates

Non-OECD
World
OECD
Non
OECD
17607
14010
3597
744
13266
1434
1956
17162
13086
4076
716
12370
1163
2632
20107
14580
5527
882
13698
825
4457
20614
17631
2983
24
1038
16569
2814
16767
14916
1851
14
1510
13392
1699
14952
14010
942
149
1511
12350
766
12928
12393
535
317
1947
10129
386
13653
11982
1671
431
2438
9113
271
1200
15520
11860
3660
1277
2518
8065
779
2487
15769
12887
2882
1749
3491
7647
1514
1122
16905
13731
3174
3111
4600
6020
2284
696
19006
15616
3390
5347
4150
6119
2796
389
23772
16175
7597
5205
5469
5501
5832
1498
28127
18175
9952
6927
5907
5341
7769
1857
30750
21205
9545
13973
3751
3481
6860
1307
31352
21342
10010
16085
2070
3187
7280
2364
27800
17353
10447
10655
3432
3266
8384
2063
29088
20322
8766
13758
3884
2680
6313
2453
31647
20830
10817
13074
4888
2868
7934
2883
36666
21402
15264
14476
4095
2831
11562
3702
40614
22503
18111
15401
3669
3433
15357
2754
52228
18731
33497
11601
4201
2929
31304
2193
77841
19225
58616
11467
5289
2469
257
55786
2573
74627
14346
60281
7836
4353
2157
270
57682
2329
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe/
Eurasia
Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within the Former Soviet Union and Former Yugoslavia.
IEA/OECD, 2012
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Table 3.7: World coal imports - selected countries

Belgium France
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
Germany
Spain
UK
(thousand tonnes)
USA Canada Russian
Fed.
India
PR of Chinese
China Taipei
Japan
Korea
11291
12163
15187
8766
11685
1936
17477
3700
1743
17455
101241
22657
12925
16000
13061
10569
12137
2587
14522
4410
2290
16852
101509
24216
15037
19458
15663
10456
14783
2449
14169
53210
6046
2003
18527
106918
23729
14697
21794
18851
12988
19611
3075
12567
46911
5272
1368
18444
112675
29094
14258
21991
19092
14279
20339
3450
13003
39723
6495
1630
22139
110630
30781
12120
14231
16081
12726
18400
6631
8468
28200
7330
1428
25345
112053
37381
12871
12238
18106
11769
15088
6880
9366
27203
10556
1209
26721
121477
41009
14294
13243
17184
13889
15896
6533
9735
22734
12512
1635
28757
127354
45831
13041
15800
18298
12130
17799
6464
12207
20081
13175
3217
31148
130372
46074
13015
13641
22182
11340
19757
6792
14469
20804
16440
2013
36219
136217
51997
12830
18456
24193
14554
21244
7914
18657
21822
16535
1586
37093
130044
53586
10995
17878
24731
20098
20293
8245
19759
16047
19700
1673
41104
138615
54569
11566
19032
29744
21649
23446
11351
23231
25528
20930
2178
45409
150340
64895
12888
16019
35508
18916
35542
18751
23627
28062
20548
2661
49091
154616
66381
10111
18165
33455
24514
28687
16181
22061
20866
23260
11258
51814
161306
71708
9578
16810
34952
21552
31891
22721
22568
25344
21683
11098
54670
166418
73405
9980
19500
39553
24473
36153
24749
19223
22429
28484
18848
60483
180804
78963
9010
19887
37114
24756
43968
27634
20745
22643
38586
26215
60252
176977
76758
8345
20428
42185
23704
50528
32882
20716
26083
43081
38243
62311
179119
79707
7732
19009
46314
24439
43364
32973
18432
23711
49794
51602
65232
186988
88285
7713
21355
45455
20967
43876
31032
20549
31267
59003
43626
63840
184091
99584
4978
15459
38485
17038
38167
20538
12912
24146
73255
131880
58635
163719
102982
5772
17593
45725
12817
26521
17556
12611
25540
84562
163095
63155
185371
118591
4760
14509
41286
16168
32610
11872
9352
24530
105738
190529
66320
175377
129150
Japan
Korea
Belgium France
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
Germany
Spain
UK
(thousand tonnes)
USA Canada Russian
Fed.
India
PR of Chinese
China Taipei
226
49
1883
744
267
57
1990
716
276
69
2083
882
276
3428
24
1038
244
3640
13
1510
226
2991
147
1511
212
48
2623
265
316
1947
195
53
2132
481
429
59
2438
227
42
1950
136
808
467
241
2518
219
37
2151
782
965
89
442
3491
196
32
1944
946
2163
22
2010
4600
159
37
2053
580
3630
2435
4150
219
52
1796
124
4441
10
4701
5469
207
59
1997
880
3486
242
6017
5906
205
23
848
994
8074
5244
3751
188
42
35
932
9117
127
5141
1741
190
40
17
1461
6426
170
400
5726
2610
206
36
1625
6641
253
591
4797
2862
289
37
53
2264
4848
341
551
5250
3706
317
51
27
2483
8033
270
3600
5888
3486
282
67
28
3179
9523
275
7641
5821
3160
172
51
10
1595
4544
338
25220
5800
3562
245
53
1503
3794
681
28512
19968
4244
5090
68
82
525
1329
681
28969
21963
4244
4215
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 3.8: World sub-bituminous and lignite imports - selected countries
Table 3.9: World coking coal imports - regional aggregates
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Europe
Americas
Oceania
World
OECD
Non
OECD
178998
143012
35986
6736
82365
53911
177651
141289
36362
6377
80340
54572
171369
136980
34389
5211
76223
168993
137136
31857
5384
166167
131477
34690
164014
130085
174263
Non-OECD
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe
Eurasia
3289
10290
11890
10206
3001
10901
13129
9146
55546
2478
11354
13841
6539
77412
54340
2918
11667
13501
3887
5453
74282
51742
3070
11273
13958
6527
33929
5355
74425
50305
3210
11413
14301
4700
133175
41088
5135
77203
50837
3421
11570
16646
9193
179987
134517
45470
4844
76950
52723
2960
11628
15893
14640
181839
137490
44349
5557
77705
54228
3305
11997
15559
12802
183418
137591
45827
4991
76493
56107
3409
11468
19292
11627
177332
136499
40833
6359
71628
58512
4116
11133
16798
8551
168604
130777
37827
5819
72107
52851
3771
10407
17587
5968
178471
139284
39187
6557
76656
56071
4217
10499
17650
6695
171964
133469
38495
6791
74524
52154
4113
10415
17704
5973
177539
134479
43060
7191
78438
48850
5071
10117
19616
6112
176114
130995
45119
5547
78059
47389
4979
10422
21690
8028
198143
141107
57036
6162
82692
52253
5102
10454
30202
11278
194102
136621
57481
6523
77157
52941
5063
10244
29717
12457
195406
140283
55123
6466
77753
56064
5080
9974
27834
12235
207163
145227
61936
5551
80733
58943
4698
11095
33265
12878
208170
146022
62148
5584
81451
58987
5127
11303
34001
11717
201476
117233
84243
3726
72993
40514
3809
9966
63726
6742
228037
142670
85367
4927
85840
51903
3509
11475
60266
10117
228828
141593
87235
5855
86072
49666
2976
13166
62107
8986
Table 3.10: World steam coal imports - regional aggregates

Non-OECD
World
OECD
Non
OECD
195144
143146
51998
13158
45070
84918
1386
200479
151309
49170
12241
49081
89987
1680
322006
177513
144493
13295
58423
105795
321249
198242
123007
11773
68279
306509
200235
106274
12513
72562
279632
188538
91094
10913
288012
206407
81605
313321
227096
86225
323015
237021
351009
Africa
M. East
Asia
Europe
Eurasia
470
27655
22905
72
28531
19148
1645
333
30660
112099
118190
1804
594
29329
91209
115160
1579
654
34400
69944
80390
97235
1546
1232
39497
49171
13331
91404
101672
1779
1601
38068
40455
14451
103325
109320
2395
1839
45728
36666
85994
17645
105897
113479
3289
2451
50279
30767
261417
89592
22071
120525
118821
3471
2880
52873
30466
365696
269912
95784
26001
121638
122273
4106
3640
55289
33036
377206
282400
94806
29696
130675
122029
4077
4239
62914
23725
442013
324572
117441
34779
148512
141281
4872
4765
73422
34579
490972
362240
128732
41779
157922
162539
6087
4573
81473
36977
501859
364510
137349
39787
167398
157325
6176
5522
96156
32011
548035
397108
150927
49774
174480
172854
5940
6471
99784
38732
584233
423066
161167
46172
190752
186142
5917
6865
115893
32492
607634
427817
179817
52999
190347
184471
6277
6991
137012
29537
669934
458604
211330
59576
195066
203962
6689
6505
163019
35117
709651
470587
239064
57938
208752
203897
6783
7283
188038
36960
715408
468015
247393
57529
215597
194889
6846
7693
187968
44886
722915
426442
296473
41847
206253
178342
6458
6317
251883
31815
796312
435456
360856
39731
230683
165042
7144
8155
310735
34822
864865
444293
420572
31814
230937
181542
8623
11105
362744
38100
Americas
Notes: Steam coal comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal.
Notes: Prior to 1990, Europe/Eurasia excludes trade within the Former Soviet Union and Former Yugoslavia.
IEA/OECD, 2012
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Table 3.11: World coking coal imports - selected countries

Belgium France
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
Germany
Spain
UK
(thousand tonnes)
USA Canada Russian
Fed.
India
PR of Chinese
China Taipei
Japan
Korea
6838
8165
2248
3643
7082
6255
3700
50
4687
71128
11237
7064
7769
2281
4000
7998
5917
4410
303
4921
68689
11651
7132
7848
1706
4169
8614
4491
5854
250
4237
64935
11287
6426
7660
1057
4652
9196
4744
5272
408
4350
61839
15572
5795
7457
1357
4343
8385
4848
6325
400
3748
57900
16381
4748
6904
987
4572
8602
4681
6936
3915
57104
17321
4444
6747
1093
3893
8065
4467
3237
9874
4032
60301
16902
5267
7300
1427
3244
7754
4129
2215
9378
4390
59799
17151
5325
7387
2189
3318
8245
4833
1708
10617
3946
59479
18226
4328
7235
2536
3745
8072
4301
1274
11745
398
6033
59098
17395
4195
7052
4299
3905
8646
1050
4597
292
10023
103
5636
53649
17979
3953
6950
3519
3548
8020
1065
4041
10992
263
5375
54880
17227
3818
6543
4608
3755
8462
1547
4296
200
11063
339
5158
57081
19575
4169
6942
3984
3424
7723
2091
3987
11107
277
5373
56625
17899
3363
6405
5174
3425
6315
2207
4315
12947
256
5272
58435
20003
3220
5577
5504
3321
6474
1556
3272
12992
2605
5274
57744
20315
3577
6798
6875
4043
6345
1987
3429
16925
6830
5078
60884
21808
3533
6255
7152
3571
6551
1603
4228
866
16891
7195
4968
56530
20627
3490
5995
8692
3622
6774
1533
4253
167
17877
4663
4872
57671
20081
3247
6191
9627
3682
7481
1515
3322
22029
6219
4483
58200
22532
2993
7239
9255
3371
6349
1580
3286
1450
21080
6857
4757
57367
24083
1666
3581
6448
2058
5164
947
2219
225
24690
34417
4119
52334
20659
2801
4615
7793
2777
6235
1385
3092
847
19484
34774
5524
57679
28160
2704
3799
8778
2505
5467
1445
3770
19339
38251
3819
53835
32234
PR of Chinese
China Taipei
Japan
Korea
11420
Belgium France
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
Germany
Spain
UK
(thousand tonnes)
USA Canada Russian
Fed.
India
4227
3949
11056
5123
4603
1936
11222
1693
12768
30113
5594
8174
8790
6569
4139
2587
8605
1987
11931
32820
12565
7629
11541
11874
6287
6169
2449
9678
53210
192
1753
14290
41983
12442
7995
14132
14366
8336
10415
3075
7823
46911
960
14094
50836
13522
8219
14532
14095
9936
11954
3450
8155
39723
170
1230
18391
52730
14400
7146
7327
12103
8154
9798
6631
3787
28200
394
1428
21430
54949
20060
8215
5443
14390
7876
7023
6880
4899
23961
682
1209
22689
61176
24107
8832
5890
13625
10645
8142
6533
5606
20519
3134
1635
24367
67555
28680
7489
8371
14159
8812
9554
6464
7374
18373
2558
3217
27202
70893
27848
8468
6369
17495
7595
11685
6792
10168
19441
4695
1615
30186
77119
34602
8439
11372
17950
10649
12598
6818
14060
21508
6512
1483
31457
76395
35607
6883
10891
19159
16550
12273
7139
15718
16042
8708
1410
35729
83735
37342
7529
12437
23340
17894
14984
9724
18935
25318
9867
1839
40251
93259
45320
8512
9018
29527
15492
27819
16581
19636
27820
9441
2384
43718
97991
48482
6543
11737
27433
21089
22372
13853
17744
20866
10313
11002
46542
102871
51705
6170
11191
29413
18231
25417
21058
19294
25217
8691
8493
49396
108674
53090
6213
12662
32661
20430
29808
22648
15793
22259
11559
11854
55405
119920
57155
5271
13596
29953
21185
37417
25903
16516
21524
21695
18975
55284
120447
56131
4566
14396
33440
20082
43754
31158
16463
25575
25204
33463
57439
121448
59626
4168
12767
36660
20757
35883
31350
15110
23441
27765
44797
60749
128788
65753
4438
14049
36172
17596
37527
29333
17262
29542
37923
33483
59083
126724
75501
3140
11827
32027
14980
33003
19461
10691
23583
48565
91423
54516
111385
82323
2726
12925
37932
10040
20286
16036
9515
24012
65078
122942
57631
127692
90431
1988
10628
32508
13663
27143
10297
5575
23849
86399
146362
62501
121542
96916
Notes: Steam coal comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal for all countries.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 3.12: World steam coal imports - selected countries
Table 3.13: OECD coke oven coke (1) imports

(thousand tonnes)
Australia
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
22
14
55
Austria
1055
986
1274
815
718
981
1402
1420
813
1252
1330
Belgium
1110
1261
676
822
1259
1108
152
850
179
166
107
Canada
357
267
340
339
818
631
88
804
346
750
403
11
148
53
44
51
27
68
62
320
602
510
519
536
885
534
129
112
75
41
45
47
36
39
21
22
20
12
Finland
832
1229
1231
786
274
505
505
534
246
441
444
France
3646
3000
2147
1109
885
1448
1525
1310
1047
1264
1209
Germany
4497
4202
2693
2001
2601
5987
3793
4347
3168
4310
3405
45
35
53
32
11
1207
1468
1486
478
351
205
16
10
Iceland
16
34
30
18
47
33
27
21
25
21
Ireland
13
22
29
82
101
134
115
745
506
848
228
18
33
261
493
2467
2500
1293
413
879
679
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
38
121
106
341
700
256
629
406
3247
2292
1854
1447
521
Mexico
150
122
121
124
437
631
390
348
208
391
336
Netherlands
677
832
405
360
649
515
341
186
78
243
159
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
577
531
700
534
522
543
382
455
279
434
455
145
34
16
117
85
55
137
38
102
157
13
34
922
130
268
456
178
155
260
415
275
610
521
68
57
72
56
34
25
29
31
459
553
209
172
846
137
136
204
121
204
165
1495
453
386
318
484
328
393
319
146
247
214
158
127
77
27
24
27
20
24
22
18
20
181
40
182
722
414
216
274
173
53
374
304
640
483
909
722
178
113
26
United States
978
598
524
694
1648
3430
3202
3269
315
1101
1285
IEA Americas
1335
865
864
1033
2466
4061
3290
4073
661
1851
1688
38
121
106
261
493
2467
2863
2000
675
1522
1140
20242
17422
14261
9859
11329
14117
11959
11896
7447
10552
8981
1496
1135
1038
1201
2954
4719
3748
4483
869
2243
2024
40
122
107
261
493
2467
2863
2000
675
1522
1140
OECD Europe
20242
17438
14295
9969
11404
14237
12048
11957
7493
10606
9033
IEA Total
21615
18408
15231
11153
14288
20645
18112
17969
8783
13925
11809
OECD Total
21778
18695
15440
11431
14851
21423
18659
18440
9037
14371
12197
United Kingdom
IEA Asia Oceania

IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
IEA/OECD, 2012
1973
Table 3.14: World coal exports - regional aggregates
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
World
OECD
Non
OECD
399748
279130
120618
118028
99983
401434
280559
120875
124324
99155
519996
285886
234110
126997
505976
302209
203767
494004
292290
201714
449384
272214
457356
Non-OECD
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe
Eurasia
61119
44331
11146
18691
46450
57080
47091
14176
19809
39800
103733
55156
50066
15371
23875
144798
132968
120793
48448
47515
18590
29229
108433
121175
127015
44100
52149
16937
41212
95116
177170
95910
132542
43762
51959
21441
38841
64929
277759
179597
96483
132247
49029
55115
22613
47710
54160
504052
305496
198556
114322
138038
53136
59896
22553
63917
52190
525104
307504
217600
116550
142448
48506
60410
28398
77419
51374
546280
319986
226294
112320
158802
48864
64672
32685
81454
52084
557909
324730
233179
106576
167899
50255
61833
35969
84367
51009
553918
303523
250395
86656
173316
43551
66798
36760
98202
48634
624370
318399
305971
85147
188516
44736
70446
43321
116996
75200
678508
320550
357958
73853
193897
52800
69995
46428
163249
78283
667028
313166
353862
62854
206267
44045
69896
43854
165303
74801
725659
317319
408340
67405
210960
38954
72087
52392
191607
92243
761555
330700
430855
69407
220336
40957
68608
57650
206644
97953
764856
345905
418951
73514
234663
37728
71977
60834
170829
115311
893813
347764
546049
73282
235183
39299
69284
69699
282373
124693
929000
370168
558832
84467
246407
39294
67486
71665
290441
129240
936271
393441
542830
106989
254753
31699
58441
73299
274567
136523
931955
372905
559050
82216
263851
26838
52516
69764
295864
140906
1076952
430930
646022
107548
295041
28341
67046
70726
337079
171171
1141975
441592
700383
131039
286669
23884
72316
77829
384030
166208
Table 3.15: World sub-bituminous and lignite exports - regional aggregates

Non-OECD
World
OECD
Non
OECD
12722
11289
1433
11282
1382
12454
10793
1661
10
10783
1660
17774
10234
7540
79
10155
2137
5401
17709
11223
6486
55
11168
2682
3802
18626
9888
8738
55
9833
5548
3188
18792
11490
7302
1960
9530
5953
1347
16847
9220
7627
2221
6999
7127
498
23817
9970
13847
3086
6884
11273
2571
25045
9146
15899
3334
5812
13094
2801
22215
5988
16227
1100
4888
15017
1207
24702
5695
19007
1881
3814
17226
1777
28781
6781
22000
3484
3297
20266
1730
26497
4019
22478
1134
2885
20622
1850
38008
12203
25805
9155
3048
24087
1709
37052
9414
27638
7373
2041
26502
1127
44002
9771
34231
8567
1204
32098
2122
47264
8090
39174
6819
1271
38056
1118
56531
8819
47712
7180
1639
46531
1181
75593
8183
67410
6245
1938
66173
1237
82766
9689
73077
8094
1595
71543
1534
86236
10888
75348
9177
1711
73181
2167
1707
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe/
Eurasia
50
95330
7192
88138
5793
73
1326
86431
114173
8353
105820
7166
1187
102628
3192
150780
7468
143312
6227
1232
140225
3087
Note: Prior to 1990 excludes trade within the Former Soviet Union and Former Yugoslavia.
IEA/OECD, 2012
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Table 3.16: World coal exports - selected countries

Poland Canada
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
USA
AusCotralia lombia
(thousand tonnes)
Vene- Russian Kazakh- Ukraine
zuela
Fed.
stan
PR of
China
India
Indonesia
South
Africa
44170
32340
31739
86203
99618
10121
1025
15646
200
966
28943
32827
91457
98669
12487
1689
15338
160
2489
46931
28258
31009
95982
103396
13505
1834
59185
51480
23650
17290
100
4660
49900
23739
34113
98854
120183
16379
2196
40381
51963
13070
20001
110
7242
47357
23605
28174
93001
126242
14614
2309
43396
42459
7342
23363
130
15407
52059
23877
28303
67602
131752
17616
3825
27202
33821
3101
19815
100
16878
51711
28414
31746
64736
131201
18437
4135
23332
26266
4106
24194
673
20214
54838
32236
33993
80329
136702
18274
4242
28434
20970
2400
28617
651
31308
59676
28965
34459
82076
140856
24781
3617
27400
21072
2290
36485
478
36370
60224
29503
36530
75790
157557
27580
5105
24376
25080
2374
35331
540
41714
64200
28078
34183
72391
166796
30061
5908
25662
23403
1881
32297
823
47600
61300
24115
33539
53048
171861
29932
6828
29313
17098
2138
37437
1156
55750
66235
23254
32082
53061
186962
35391
7930
38329
34428
2329
55057
1292
56797
69910
23044
29696
44149
192178
38868
7560
42798
31567
3729
90125
1903
66344
69210
22664
26924
35927
204334
36510
7344
44280
27062
3095
83887
1517
72981
69231
20155
28389
39016
208749
45644
6748
55942
32756
2914
93986
1627
88686
71531
19711
25863
43543
218426
50902
6748
68931
24537
3885
86661
1294
105122
67946
19377
28204
45306
232329
53607
7143
86558
24658
3666
16989
1989
128608
71442
16735
28240
45039
232461
61968
7589
91930
28853
3457
63213
1554
183187
68747
11900
30786
53673
244389
65263
6355
98638
26178
3621
53116
1627
194886
66963
8462
33029
73953
252189
68523
4729
98119
32912
4795
45292
1655
199947
57891
8464
28599
53612
261742
66756
2957
106445
28604
5369
22352
2454
233431
51977
10080
33411
74132
292617
68148
2457
132801
31296
6245
19104
4409
267201
66396
6912
33728
97302
284510
75525
2271
123695
33999
7858
13476
4415
309477
71704
Poland Canada
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
USA
AusCotralia lombia
(thousand tonnes)
zuela
Fed.
stan
PR of
China
India
Indonesia
South
Africa
-
341
10
884
193
70
3134
1433
1647
1275
10
45
2979
348
2561
1063
46
2896
5460
909
29
1931
1321
5953
719
51
2170
232
266
7127
368
3086
2171
202
11271
45
11
3323
2059
232
13093
37
1100
883
223
15017
23
1881
1620
109
17136
13
3484
1604
73
20070
1134
1592
147
20447
15
78
9077
1245
299
23884
41
120
7253
783
87
26273
36
109
8458
1317
184
31927
27
117
6702
315
211
37844
140
7040
552
212
46299
251
5994
539
248
65947
364
7730
584
225
70159
1516
7661
649
867
71981
68
146
5647
893
309
79
84035
115
139
7027
526
1924
51
98050
144
176
6051
526
1924
115
133940
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 3.17: World sub-bituminous and lignite exports - selected countries
Table 3.18: World coking coal exports - regional aggregates
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Europe
Americas
Oceania
Non-OECD
World
OECD
Non
OECD
190013
161929
28084
83895
56246
21788
5016
862
3250
21000
191034
164800
26234
87800
55714
21286
4161
891
2905
20000
207569
162292
45277
84425
58086
19781
3633
945
3502
39348
200181
169976
30205
87432
66059
16485
3523
967
3889
24136
201065
161704
39361
77034
68331
16339
5088
1016
3789
31664
182763
161116
21647
68967
74729
17420
4843
1040
4453
14079
192417
158390
34027
70007
72540
15843
5764
1101
5370
24848
190576
169662
20914
75819
75625
18218
6305
1158
7314
10693
188816
170142
18674
76758
78558
14826
6133
1182
7978
8078
194788
175094
19694
77406
84706
12982
5650
1223
5207
9865
182022
165762
16260
71075
84414
10273
5167
1230
5525
6723
176766
161998
14768
58092
93450
10456
2517
1178
6855
6601
184716
168625
16091
58166
100712
9747
1744
1230
7710
7666
190508
164913
25595
49967
106645
8301
1086
1251
13064
14747
175520
156604
18916
42503
106458
7643
759
1282
14284
9470
185492
159546
25946
43755
109024
6767
584
1333
14207
9822
189748
167676
22072
48196
112723
6757
917
1624
6930
12601
207314
186619
20695
52711
127245
6663
524
937
8495
10739
201688
181438
20250
50149
123197
8092
672
729
8023
10826
216442
197085
19357
55872
133979
7234
910
688
7293
10466
235981
210734
25247
65242
139485
6007
1266
762
9079
14140
211530
188522
23008
55334
127272
5916
638
764
7562
14044
283791
243491
40300
78434
159566
5491
946
1216
19487
18651
275984
237740
38244
90743
142568
4429
228
112
23552
14352
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe
Eurasia
Table 3.19: World steam coal exports - regional aggregates
World
OECD
Non
OECD
197452
106010
91442
34126
43737
198913
105049
93864
36514
43441
296894
113417
183477
42493
291044
121102
169942
279909
120712
159197
255750
101558
257477
Non-OECD
Africa
M. East
Americas
Asia
Europe
Eurasia
28147
39315
10284
14400
25400
25094
42930
13285
16128
19800
45647
25277
46433
14426
19883
100586
45481
54734
20887
43992
17623
25219
80800
44086
58684
17942
47061
15921
37335
60386
154192
26914
57813
16831
47116
20401
34388
49521
112407
145070
26425
59707
26275
49351
21512
42340
28814
304030
128952
175078
38503
62413
28036
53591
21395
56601
38938
327760
131638
196122
39781
63890
27967
54277
27216
69440
40496
345398
140006
205392
34912
74096
30998
59022
31462
76247
41014
369915
154865
215050
35208
83485
36172
56666
34739
78752
42510
371880
138182
233698
28517
79866
29799
64281
35582
91151
40303
434758
146895
287863
26926
87804
32165
68702
42091
109111
65697
482914
152466
330448
23725
87252
41489
68909
45177
149982
61832
487942
154315
333627
20110
99809
34396
69137
42572
150790
64249
536803
156388
380415
23423
101936
31029
71503
51059
177229
80622
569240
161545
407695
20907
107613
33025
67691
56026
199506
84472
554316
157354
396962
20464
107418
29472
71453
59897
162102
103510
688777
164152
524625
22844
111986
29322
68612
68970
274124
112919
708814
171131
537683
28171
112428
30532
66576
70977
282563
117567
696113
180678
515435
41363
115268
24047
57175
72537
265181
120542
716806
182696
534110
26520
136579
19597
51878
69000
287900
125332
788304
185918
602386
28779
135475
21664
66100
69510
317113
149663
861197
202334
658863
40001
144101
18232
72088
77717
360009
149049
Notes: Steam coal comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal.
Notes: Prior to 1990, Europe/Eurasia excludes trade within the Former Soviet Union and Former Yugoslavia.
IEA/OECD, 2012
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
(thousand tonnes)
OECD
Asia
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Table 3.20: World coking coal exports - selected countries

Poland Canada
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
USA
AusCotralia lombia
(thousand tonnes)
zuela
Fed.
stan
PR of
China
India
Indonesia
South
Africa
13381
27609
56200
55881
862
3241
5016
11467
28677
59083
55228
891
2896
4161
11226
26851
57568
57750
945
31573
7775
3473
29
3633
9767
28786
58645
65450
967
15633
8503
3840
49
3523
10781
23124
53910
67561
1016
24322
7342
3700
89
5088
12829
23921
45044
73941
1040
6729
4247
3101
4283
170
4843
10694
27066
42941
71496
1101
17367
3375
4106
4906
254
210
5764
12296
28564
47255
74291
1158
8693
1999
6744
329
241
6305
9886
28722
48036
76968
1182
6538
1509
31
7487
188
303
6133
9138
30092
47314
83462
1223
8450
1371
44
4601
272
334
5650
6506
28353
42722
83312
1230
6440
271
12
4855
385
285
5167
6635
28946
29146
91996
1178
6400
184
17
5246
774
835
2517
5290
28386
29780
99161
1230
7300
344
22
6470
624
616
1744
3813
26914
23053
104935
1251
14431
316
11445
879
740
970
3521
22964
19539
104526
1282
9196
271
13295
163
826
759
2710
23716
20039
106814
1333
9470
328
24
13135
158
914
584
3036
23847
24349
110815
1624
11935
245
417
5757
114
1059
917
3151
26710
26001
124914
937
9983
247
509
5260
46
1222
524
3601
25203
24946
120477
729
10007
289
530
4344
107
1550
672
2363
26674
29198
131965
688
10019
262
118
2543
36
1736
910
1683
26643
38599
136924
762
13614
329
197
3457
109
1922
1266
1725
21531
33803
125238
764
13276
283
453
636
269
2049
616
1815
27528
50906
157265
1216
18030
294
261
1461
111
2201
834
1670
27666
63077
140455
112
13811
294
247
2897
49
567
152
India
Indonesia
South
Africa
Poland Canada
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011e
USA
AusCotralia lombia
(thousand tonnes)
zuela
Fed.
stan
PR of
China
18959
4123
30003
43737
9259
1025
12405
200
957
39154
17476
4140
32374
43441
11596
1689
12442
160
2480
42770
16839
4149
38344
45646
12560
1834
24478
51480
14442
13817
100
4631
46267
12697
5317
40164
54733
15412
2196
21769
51963
4219
16161
110
7193
43834
11761
5041
39045
58681
13598
2309
16178
42459
19663
130
15318
46971
10139
4353
22558
57811
16576
3825
19152
29574
15532
100
16708
46868
17001
4629
21795
59705
17336
4135
5733
22625
19288
419
20004
49074
19572
5429
33074
62411
17116
4242
17570
18769
2400
21873
322
31067
53371
19034
5726
34040
63888
23599
3617
18803
19331
2258
28998
290
36067
54091
20328
6438
28474
74095
26357
5105
15043
23486
2330
30730
268
41380
58550
21549
5830
29376
83484
28831
5908
17602
23023
1869
27442
438
47315
56133
17467
4593
23855
79865
28754
6828
21309
16841
2121
32191
382
54915
63718
17955
3696
23226
87801
34161
7930
29437
33937
2298
48587
668
56181
68166
19216
2704
21013
87243
37617
7560
27122
30952
3729
78680
1024
65604
68240
19102
3841
16266
99808
35228
7344
34301
26704
3089
70592
1354
72155
68472
17409
4566
18857
101935
44311
6748
45155
32244
2888
80851
1469
87772
70947
16648
1904
19002
107611
49278
6748
56681
24081
3466
80901
1180
104063
67029
16218
1366
19094
107415
52670
7143
76023
24199
3157
11722
1943
127386
70918
13134
2927
19914
111984
61239
7589
81384
28316
2927
58866
1447
181637
68075
9537
4002
24161
112424
64575
6355
88035
25691
3503
50568
1591
193150
66053
6778
6267
35089
115265
67761
4729
83856
31716
4597
41831
1546
198025
56625
6671
6939
19576
136504
65992
2957
92276
28012
4837
21712
2185
231382
51361
8150
5751
23023
135352
66932
2457
114245
29078
5933
17641
4298
265000
65562
5098
5933
34059
144055
75413
2271
109358
31781
7496
10579
4366
308910
71552
Notes: Steam coal comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal for all countries.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 3.21: World steam coal exports - selected countries
Table 3.22: OECD coke oven coke (1) exports

(thousand tonnes)
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
122
11
574
334
22
Austria
82
Belgium
469
768
847
915
557
293
20
107
405
446
346
Canada
368
80
22
193
334
300
154
70
229
82
353
45
34
19
41
39
12
3467
2450
1927
1451
1409
948
913
830
562
875
508
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
35
39
20
37
28
26
21
25
Finland
24
13
France
1012
870
553
383
307
711
643
993
617
123
86
177
Germany
10197
7692
6038
2945
287
75
75
167
105
189
Greece
31
Hungary
103
420
183
53
251
154
300
303
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
628
747
451
201
130
123
229
239
276
303
273
Japan
600
2068
4055
1880
3428
2593
1674
944
935
652
979
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
79
95
680
702
880
829
1025
562
358
227
135
148
42
Norway
51
36
122
Poland
2780
1770
1639
3662
3331
3691
4624
6118
4813
6347
6538
16
11
74
80
13
23
58
59
138
183
164
324
176
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
11
42
81
744
610
624
199
370
374
11
114
77
41
67
29
35
33
274
33
25
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
665
1265
1163
435
264
381
119
185
146
483
467
United States
1266
1879
1018
519
680
1039
1585
1777
1186
1327
879
IEA Americas
1634
1959
1040
712
1014
1339
1739
1847
1415
1409
1232
600
2190
4066
2454
3762
2615
1675
944
935
652
979
20218
16437
13750
10926
8013
7882
7823
9960
7853
9953
9327
1232
United Kingdom
IEA Asia Oceania

IEA Europe
OECD Americas
1634
2083
1169
716
1034
1382
1780
1862
1415
1410
600
2190
4066
2454
3762
2615
1675
944
935
652
979
OECD Europe
20218
16437
13750
10961
8052
7902
7860
9988
7879
9974
9352
IEA Total
22452
20586
18856
14092
12789
11836
11237
12751
10203
12014
11538
OECD Total
22452
20710
18985
14131
12848
11899
11315
12794
10229
12036
11563
OECD Asia Oceania
IEA/OECD, 2012
Australia
1973
IEA/OECD, 2012
4. PRICES
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 4.1: Japan coking coal import costs
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(2)
Note:
Total(1)
(all sources)
Australia
60.61
57.86
55.39
51.91
55.03
56.39
55.19
50.98
42.95
39.46
41.13
42.14
41.73
61.40
88.80
93.10
88.43
184.13
163.82
151.45
..
56.64
53.55
51.49
47.89
51.15
54.07
52.73
49.47
41.83
39.01
40.96
43.32
43.56
56.85
96.44
106.20
96.03
206.71
191.58
170.10
..
(average unit value, CIF, USD/tonne)

Canada
USA
71.85
70.98
67.12
64.65
64.49
64.44
64.84
59.73
51.05
45.46
47.30
50.50
51.64
62.04
106.05
125.68
112.61
234.34
220.94
191.97
..
66.16
63.68
61.82
59.34
61.37
61.05
61.24
59.53
55.79
52.69
47.81
52.07
42.93
163.61
159.01
159.35
516.32
308.56
241.65
208.24
..
South
Russian
PR of
Africa
Federation
China
51.94
52.36
46.78
46.93
49.54
50.94
49.64
47.06
39.74
39.99
47.09
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
..
56.86
55.80
54.37
51.80
54.81
57.21
57.09
54.63
45.17
43.62
45.52
45.59
46.05
67.98
114.96
116.69
105.45
250.90
190.54
185.00
..
53.22
51.66
50.52
47.03
49.49
51.88
49.98
46.78
40.01
37.12
39.35
38.97
39.09
72.57
100.45
91.98
100.91
256.42
138.99
154.71
..
It should be noted that as a result of the import coal classification system used by Japanese customs authorities, most
imports of Indonesian coal are recorded by customs as coking coal even though most of the coal is not used in the
metallurgical industry. As this coal has a lower unit value than coking coal reported in other categories, the data presented in
the Total column in this table, from 1991 onwards, tend to understate the total average unit value of coals imported into
Japan for metallurgical use. Prior to 1991, the volume of imports reported by customs in this manner was not so large as to
significantly affect the total averages.
Table 4.2: EU coking coal import costs from selected countries

Total
(all sources)
Australia
61.75
60.95
55.82
55.97
58.49
59.74
57.99
54.53
48.97
47.88
53.56
56.63
59.61
78.12
109.61
125.86
125.73
197.84
187.29
194.02
..
60.84
60.76
55.67
55.56
57.03
59.72
57.97
55.00
47.33
45.45
51.24
55.52
58.03
73.63
114.89
135.52
127.74
220.54
243.76
213.42
..
(Average Unit Value, CIF, USD/tonne)

Canada
USA
60.80
61.51
55.40
52.42
57.02
58.52
57.61
54.18
45.58
45.92
54.59
56.90
61.31
76.64
113.81
137.66
129.45
220.91
223.39
205.20
..
61.65
61.22
57.13
58.22
61.20
62.03
60.08
58.53
54.14
52.91
58.54
61.48
64.18
84.75
110.91
123.44
126.95
175.35
160.22
191.43
..
South
Russian
Africa
Federation
51.55
50.54
48.21
44.13
49.65
47.44
43.31
35.83
36.21
39.09
42.10
38.69
39.20
61.31
71.77
66.18
96.82
141.18
81.99
95.76
..
51.33
47.95
36.22
46.11
56.00
59.88
54.93
51.08
57.96
42.02
58.89
58.11
47.45
86.41
86.05
81.34
92.15
147.83
108.78
128.15
..
Poland
59.20
59.64
54.09
53.55
59.26
61.11
61.02
52.52
47.48
50.43
51.58
50.15
62.24
108.71
138.92
118.82
139.47
245.85
137.24
194.36
..
(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable
(1) from one year to the next due to differing components.
(2) Coking coal import prices for 2011 are unavailable due to resource constraints.
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 21 and Table 19 in Part I)
IEA/OECD, 2012
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(2)
(1)
Table 4.3: Japan steam coal import costs
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(2)
Total(1)
(all sources)
Australia
50.43
48.47
45.92
43.88
47.85
49.29
45.26
40.68
35.87
34.59
37.95
36.95
34.93
51.48
62.73
63.33
70.92
125.42
111.12
110.40
..
51.68
49.29
46.31
44.92
48.87
50.24
45.59
40.80
36.12
34.59
38.32
37.39
35.13
50.20
61.90
63.90
71.03
127.23
111.87
111.12
..

USA
South
Russian
52.36
51.22
51.05
49.91
52.65
54.32
49.86
47.52
45.37
45.49
45.99
48.63
x
186.48
x
596.68
553.99
151.26
47.12
84.43
..
PR of
Africa
Federation
China
48.36
46.93
44.34
42.47
48.27
49.86
46.58
41.50
37.34
35.82
38.05
40.30
35.21
x
80.64
x
77.46
105.49
87.62
107.07
..
44.93
43.73
40.24
38.68
43.45
44.63
42.57
38.46
30.24
30.68
37.61
34.35
34.28
59.02
66.10
62.20
72.28
121.34
101.62
106.42
..
47.69
46.04
43.55
39.05
44.48
46.52
44.73
39.96
34.89
33.69
36.95
36.25
35.28
55.06
65.65
63.88
73.60
124.10
118.18
112.29
..
Canada
Indonesia
46.76
46.30
45.76
42.88
44.20
45.91
42.01
38.25
33.50
34.72
36.94
37.34
33.82
52.60
63.79
56.32
66.04
125.52
103.84
107.80
..
46.30
44.49
42.38
39.89
43.79
45.49
41.63
36.58
32.40
31.85
35.17
34.52
32.72
46.98
59.65
60.31
66.45
116.08
112.99
108.20
..
Poland
Colombia
58.18
54.11
36.60
41.44
46.78
46.50
42.62
39.61
35.03
35.30
44.41
40.75
43.26
68.95
78.34
75.65
94.13
156.01
114.60
104.06
..
49.81
49.65
35.39
39.68
43.42
41.93
42.29
37.56
32.69
34.22
42.32
36.99
41.65
61.54
67.98
66.07
78.16
138.32
95.99
95.84
..
Table 4.4: EU steam coal import costs from selected countries
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(2)
Total(1)
(all sources)
Australia
50.69
48.59
37.99
40.35
47.51
45.62
43.52
39.72
34.43
35.22
42.96
38.69
41.94
61.91
71.27
69.80
82.21
137.79
100.28
104.10
..
49.14
50.07
38.85
40.74
45.06
48.25
46.38
40.03
36.68
39.04
44.13
43.28
46.83
69.05
106.40
109.71
103.73
184.75
149.29
197.74
..

USA
South
Russian
51.51
50.69
46.96
46.05
49.12
48.03
48.47
46.99
40.67
41.07
46.52
43.48
47.37
61.50
86.75
82.08
97.50
138.40
107.28
117.46
..
PR of
Africa
Federation
China
45.31
42.48
32.86
36.18
43.76
42.23
40.33
36.30
31.78
33.83
42.32
36.65
39.10
58.00
67.64
66.24
80.25
142.07
95.66
98.50
..
42.54
39.50
24.10
36.67
42.55
42.48
39.84
37.23
30.96
33.59
42.16
36.79
42.22
65.14
68.46
67.93
79.03
131.62
92.41
97.66
..
47.14
45.46
45.65
41.78
45.29
46.18
52.87
52.85
32.58
31.45
40.90
44.30
51.38
60.61
93.41
150.20
73.02
161.12
x
x
..
(1) Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable
(1) from one year to the next due to differing components.
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Table 16 and Table 14 in Part I)
IEA/OECD, 2012
(2) Steam coal import prices for 2011 are unavailable due to resource constraints.
Table 4.5: Steam coal export costs

Exported from:
Australia (FOB)
Japan
EU(1)
To:
Total
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(3)
37.93
40.32
34.05
36.49
38.85
32.47
33.45
35.49
30.02
32.75
33.72
29.09
34.99
36.85
31.05
37.77
38.89
33.19
34.35
35.40
31.76
30.10
31.50
24.54
26.49
27.02
21.63
24.27
24.72
20.86
28.71
29.69
25.86
28.01
29.20
24.42
25.41
26.00
25.18
37.65
38.45
34.44
48.86
49.42
49.46
47.05
50.59
49.29
51.11
54.61
55.42
92.23 103.23 102.85
80.03
88.54
72.97
85.82
89.03 120.56
..
..
..
(Average Unit Value, USD/tonne)

United States (FAS)
Canada
Colombia(2)
Total Japan
EU(1)
40.35
38.15
34.61
31.51
32.90
35.67
32.44
30.24
25.72
24.99
26.01
28.11
35.75
44.75
53.23
45.24
50.51
97.37
84.45
95.97
..
40.63
39.53
39.78
38.22
38.94
36.94
34.84
32.24
32.02
31.84
34.51
37.70
37.00
53.93
67.09
55.66
52.61
62.76
81.33
71.63
..
39.73
39.66
39.08
37.13
38.61
40.02
38.55
37.00
35.40
34.90
37.70
40.41
166.40
91.47
105.21
166.53
198.41
143.02
113.97
83.85
..
41.50
40.90
41.60
40.23
40.91
36.80
35.88
33.05
29.39
28.26
34.69
33.09
32.18
42.06
76.79
64.17
66.30
81.46
95.04
82.21
..
..
..
..
..
..
31.81
33.84
30.51
27.25
26.99
31.36
30.09
36.41
59.55
51.89
51.92
57.76
120.27
58.26
77.31
..
Indonesia
S. Africa
42.23
41.22
38.52
36.40
42.71
42.71
39.90
35.82
31.00
29.60
32.07
29.98
25.00
38.00
44.50
47.25
60.91
115.48
55.29
71.01
..
30.19
29.53
25.38
23.89
29.20
30.63
31.47
26.37
22.77
22.63
28.59
25.82
24.47
32.77
46.46
45.90
51.06
88.19
60.99
91.26
..
Indonesia
S. Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
43.31
40.35
41.16
37.48
39.66
39.68
37.72
31.39
34.38
32.09
37.81
32.43
27.91
43.15
53.00
54.94
67.93
114.58
95.04
..
..
Table 4.6: Coking coal export costs

Exported from:
Total
To:
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(3)
Japan
EU(1)
47.96
47.24
48.23
46.78
46.44
46.53
44.28
43.85
44.06
41.36
40.24
41.41
44.23
43.37
44.45
47.56
46.11
48.56
47.37
45.52
47.73
43.97
42.47
44.10
35.99
34.60
37.59
32.85
31.64
33.66
36.93
34.46
39.99
40.16
36.79
44.34
39.75
36.18
43.14
48.84
45.51
51.43
88.94
83.74 100.84
98.27
94.04 106.29
84.16
79.50
93.67
194.87 193.79 215.74
143.83 165.07 168.94
171.76 154.53 193.93
..
..
..
(Average Unit Value, USD/tonne)

United States (FAS)
Canada
Colombia(2)
Total Japan
EU(1)
57.37
57.08
52.73
48.03
48.76
51.52
50.04
46.15
38.19
34.01
43.03
43.90
44.59
51.37
96.26
109.29
98.44
209.51
194.92
212.01
..
50.80
50.01
48.63
47.11
48.47
50.05
49.99
48.55
46.19
42.98
45.88
50.06
49.11
70.14
89.91
111.72
98.10
148.39
129.77
160.32
..
50.18
49.58
47.99
44.72
45.35
46.51
45.94
45.98
44.46
41.99
x
x
56.01
98.14
100.61
89.80
x
157.59
181.25
166.81
..
51.33
51.72
50.71
49.82
51.13
53.12
52.87
51.67
49.27
45.58
50.10
53.14
52.19
63.60
89.53
102.37
99.84
132.75
124.64
157.76
..
42.22
36.50
..
..
..
..
..
31.97
31.26
33.15
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Weighted average based only on imports for which prices are available. Calculated average prices may not be comparable from one year
to the next due to differing components.
Low ash bituminous; injection grade to Japanese steel mills
Steam and coking coal exports values are unavailable for 2011 due to resource constraints.
Sources: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes (Tables 23 to 27) for Australia, Canada and the US, Latin America Coal & Power for Colombia
prior to 2003, Indonesia Mineral and Coal Statistics 2004 for Indonesia prior to 2003, Coal Americas, Energy Publishing Inc. for Colombia and
Indonesia 2003 onwards, Republic of S. Africa Minerals Bureau for South Africa prior to 2004, Xavier Provost, private consultant since 2004
and South African Coal Report .
IEA/OECD, 2012
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
Australia (FOB)
Table 4.7: Coking coal prices for industry

(USD/tce)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
29.69
..
63.67
62.70
..
..
..
..
..
51.84
62.91
..
..
..
..
69.79
72.47
..
..
..
105.55
..
..
..
175.90
27.50
..
68.57
64.11
..
70.23
..
48.94
2002
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1985
24.85
..
60.40
54.01
..
44.30
..
..
..
50.31
63.40
..
..
..
..
62.38
66.24
..
..
..
97.88
..
72.51
..
68.37
41.02
..
63.42
64.56
102.86
57.26
..
59.10
2003
..
..
..
..
55.47
65.73
..
..
109.88
58.03
..
..
..
..
..
60.99
48.88
..
..
..
..
..
..
47.46
32.64
..
..
..
..
..
86.26
..
55.73
..
..
..
..
45.45
..
..
..
126.04
59.67
..
..
..
..
..
63.48
48.81
..
..
..
..
..
..
51.92
38.73
..
..
..
..
..
92.36
..
55.15
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes
1990
..
..
61.72
..
..
52.62
..
..
..
62.62
63.02
..
..
..
..
64.88
68.03
..
..
..
154.34
..
93.32
..
52.51
56.55
..
..
..
..
82.07
..
52.01
2004
..
..
..
..
66.19
..
..
..
158.63
72.00
..
..
..
..
..
81.00
69.33
72.66
..
..
..
..
..
95.31
..
..
..
..
..
..
118.78
..
66.99
1995
..
..
57.55
..
..
64.92
..
..
101.01
59.55
60.34
..
..
..
..
60.70
61.13
..
..
..
..
..
89.69
60.05
43.92
..
..
..
..
..
86.05
..
51.52
2005
..
..
..
..
99.06
..
..
..
196.65
106.19
..
..
..
..
..
108.96
104.02
116.53
..
..
..
..
..
114.57
..
..
..
..
..
..
148.07
..
91.26
1996
..
..
57.49
..
..
58.11
..
..
101.95
58.50
60.96
..
..
..
..
62.50
62.87
..
..
..
..
..
..
56.20
45.25
..
..
..
..
..
100.82
..
51.52
2006
..
..
..
..
116.90
..
..
..
203.29
127.95
..
..
..
..
..
117.95
112.09
120.23
..
..
..
..
..
94.24
..
..
..
..
..
..
161.57
..
101.49
1997
..
..
57.58
..
..
56.28
..
..
106.56
55.72
60.05
..
..
..
..
61.12
62.65
..
..
..
..
..
..
49.94
42.79
..
..
..
..
..
110.65
..
51.58
2007
..
..
..
..
106.42
..
..
..
225.89
119.55
..
..
..
..
..
124.19
108.07
110.12
..
..
..
..
..
111.17
..
..
..
..
..
..
200.52
..
103.44
1998
..
..
55.48
..
..
58.08
..
..
107.06
53.43
56.13
..
..
..
..
59.26
58.61
..
..
..
..
..
..
47.08
37.82
..
..
..
..
..
94.11
..
50.15
2008
..
..
..
..
144.74
..
..
..
382.62
207.93
..
..
..
..
..
199.90
220.66
247.02
..
..
..
..
..
221.50
..
..
..
..
..
..
258.70
..
128.62
1999
..
..
49.29
..
..
56.79
..
..
105.93
47.44
..
..
..
..
..
52.70
49.64
..
..
..
..
..
..
38.32
31.74
..
..
..
..
..
70.90
..
49.91
2009
..
..
..
..
196.62
..
..
..
287.47
197.67
..
..
..
..
..
152.00
203.29
169.43
..
..
..
..
..
129.55
..
..
..
..
..
..
269.73
..
156.19
2000
..
..
47.21
..
..
50.73
..
..
99.78
45.43
..
..
..
..
..
53.26
45.29
..
..
..
..
..
..
39.10
31.67
..
..
..
..
..
80.19
..
48.41
2010
..
..
..
..
130.57
..
..
..
288.81
209.31
..
..
..
..
..
185.72
186.84
..
..
..
..
..
..
187.88
321.28
..
..
..
..
..
272.13
..
158.80
2001
..
..
54.03
..
..
55.32
..
..
105.14
50.42
..
..
..
..
..
58.22
46.93
..
..
..
..
..
..
46.73
38.85
..
..
..
..
..
71.75
..
50.67
2011
..
..
..
..
269.88
..
..
..
479.99
278.39
..
..
..
..
..
254.80
251.65
..
..
..
..
..
..
253.68
489.93
..
..
..
..
..
254.23
..
200.35
IEA/OECD, 2012
1978
Table 4.8: Steam coal prices for industry

(USD/tce)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
..
90.20
29.62
43.98
..
..
76.39
..
51.74
61.82
98.52
93.42
..
..
..
70.05
71.23
..
..
..
57.76
36.23
39.79
..
..
7.88
..
..
77.55
68.81
..
49.74
36.26
2002
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1980
..
75.33
..
..
..
33.87
..
..
96.68
109.32
..
..
..
..
..
47.01
48.29
52.96
..
..
..
..
..
50.23
39.74
..
..
..
..
61.64
69.46
65.08
39.97
1985
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
87.64
..
..
..
..
..
..
113.53
130.49
..
..
..
..
..
48.09
45.29
58.42
..
..
..
..
..
56.63
47.00
..
..
..
..
75.26
73.39
70.29
40.73
27.23
65.63
54.28
50.08
..
19.06
81.93
..
57.34
89.61
98.18
..
57.76
..
..
56.50
66.49
40.62
..
..
60.33
..
45.67
..
..
11.70
..
..
69.90
70.26
51.63
72.98
44.31
2004
..
171.25
..
..
..
..
..
..
140.81
..
..
..
..
..
..
72.13
67.16
57.88
..
..
..
..
..
65.40
..
..
..
..
..
110.08
67.16
86.76
46.79
1990
..
78.84
55.41
..
..
24.44
119.94
..
72.35
128.20
185.76
..
100.92
..
..
58.84
70.53
61.03
..
..
62.74
..
53.13
..
..
15.25
..
..
92.56
72.45
79.67
88.51
40.00
2005
..
178.69
..
..
..
..
..
..
146.63
..
..
..
..
..
..
83.23
81.25
66.77
..
..
..
..
..
71.39
..
..
..
..
..
110.03
78.71
99.65
56.31
1996
..
74.31
..
..
..
29.84
..
..
89.18
142.46
..
..
..
..
..
55.92
63.93
53.71
..
..
..
..
..
52.50
..
..
..
..
..
69.84
60.50
61.64
38.45
2006
..
181.33
..
..
..
..
..
..
149.81
..
..
..
..
..
..
78.59
87.10
61.12
..
..
..
..
..
81.68
..
..
..
..
..
111.25
79.99
99.17
61.57
1997
..
64.91
..
..
..
27.73
..
..
98.95
125.17
..
..
62.66
..
..
53.73
59.78
45.46
..
..
..
..
..
50.53
47.43
35.95
..
..
..
59.54
63.09
62.89
38.59
2007
..
203.12
..
..
..
..
..
..
166.59
..
..
..
..
..
..
97.48
97.98
75.29
..
..
..
..
..
96.83
..
..
..
..
..
145.85
115.02
113.43
64.85
1998
..
64.72
..
..
..
29.43
..
..
97.05
126.61
..
..
66.26
..
..
46.24
53.76
33.38
..
..
..
..
..
57.85
35.69
35.36
..
..
..
58.75
61.75
64.98
38.42
2008
..
249.48
..
..
..
..
..
..
249.09
..
..
..
..
..
..
163.22
167.62
124.80
..
..
..
..
..
135.19
..
..
..
..
..
252.48
152.51
130.55
75.60
1999
..
56.93
..
..
..
28.33
..
..
97.39
121.78
..
..
..
..
..
37.90
47.47
49.56
..
..
..
..
..
49.23
32.14
31.85
..
..
..
55.12
57.96
62.93
37.60
2009
..
243.64
..
..
..
..
..
..
192.19
..
..
..
..
..
..
129.51
152.90
94.12
..
..
..
..
..
122.71
..
..
..
..
..
160.86
139.04
110.97
77.28
2000
..
54.73
..
..
..
26.96
..
..
89.47
105.48
..
..
..
..
..
43.46
45.68
58.36
..
..
..
..
..
48.83
37.98
..
..
..
..
60.13
53.26
59.32
37.77
2010
..
208.76
..
..
..
..
..
..
193.76
..
..
..
..
..
..
127.19
151.91
..
..
..
..
..
..
125.20
140.85
..
..
..
..
181.26
137.83
130.49
76.20
2001
..
56.42
..
..
..
28.43
..
..
97.40
107.49
..
..
..
..
..
50.90
49.69
51.13
..
..
..
..
..
54.39
46.43
..
..
..
..
68.67
52.41
63.69
39.02
2011
..
246.99
..
..
..
..
..
..
362.38
..
..
..
..
..
..
159.34
193.02
..
..
..
..
..
..
142.48
192.01
..
..
..
..
233.62
142.56
160.93
74.22
IEA/OECD, 2012
1978
Table 4.9: Steam coal prices for electricity generation

(USD/tce)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
10.83
173.19
53.08
37.88
..
10.29
..
..
51.74
..
83.97
..
..
..
..
41.32
90.58
..
..
..
40.99
..
..
..
31.26
4.30
..
42.60
50.00
..
..
52.18
29.96
2002
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1980
..
55.78
45.21
22.02
33.56
23.40
..
..
50.59
48.35
46.27
..
..
42.37
..
..
49.77
..
..
51.56
..
..
..
44.13
37.06
..
..
..
..
..
53.19
55.10
32.91
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
68.29
47.13
24.15
34.56
..
..
..
55.49
47.85
50.64
..
..
40.16
..
43.38
..
..
..
49.13
..
..
..
49.33
44.00
..
..
..
..
..
66.45
56.85
33.33
1985
19.11
75.95
65.42
..
..
15.70
56.88
..
57.34
43.58
82.45
..
38.53
84.91
..
57.38
77.86
..
..
42.39
65.72
..
..
16.93
65.23
6.55
..
50.82
50.43
..
33.65
72.71
43.67
2004
..
86.09
95.02
23.34
51.39
..
..
..
76.99
71.64
70.87
..
..
75.99
..
70.11
..
50.51
..
56.83
..
..
..
54.89
65.92
..
..
..
..
..
90.65
73.98
35.48
1990
29.05
80.98
59.60
61.02
..
20.49
..
..
72.35
57.35
141.95
..
90.60
63.11
..
67.72
101.84
..
..
48.20
71.37
..
..
17.03
58.90
8.61
..
..
..
..
31.85
96.27
38.52
2005
..
92.70
105.36
28.16
58.26
..
..
..
82.82
84.41
80.73
..
..
79.21
..
83.45
..
58.44
..
62.69
..
..
..
65.19
77.51
..
..
..
..
..
88.29
81.19
40.50
1996
..
..
59.85
..
..
27.10
..
..
89.18
54.15
56.55
..
..
57.53
..
67.66
87.88
..
..
36.19
..
..
..
41.72
51.69
..
..
..
..
..
62.04
68.06
33.82
2006
..
98.23
82.93
30.02
57.37
..
..
..
85.36
82.15
78.92
..
..
69.22
..
79.24
..
54.73
..
64.79
..
..
..
69.75
66.84
..
..
..
..
..
86.87
86.73
44.47
1997
..
..
55.95
..
..
24.42
..
..
59.94
53.83
49.61
..
..
51.66
..
63.14
74.99
..
..
41.14
..
..
..
40.84
48.20
24.33
..
..
..
..
54.68
68.44
33.40
2007
..
101.93
99.07
32.70
69.81
..
..
..
96.21
94.53
91.38
..
..
94.31
..
100.83
..
63.96
..
70.26
..
..
..
79.21
87.61
..
..
..
..
..
97.12
102.00
46.45
1998
..
..
44.82
..
..
26.02
..
..
49.45
46.68
47.17
..
..
41.07
..
56.89
63.46
..
..
39.66
..
..
..
44.20
41.25
23.73
..
..
..
..
55.64
61.89
32.86
2008
..
129.35
171.19
33.19
116.66
..
..
..
164.25
153.44
154.47
..
..
112.40
169.74
169.04
..
96.49
..
80.19
..
..
..
110.19
162.01
..
..
..
..
..
113.22
148.68
54.32
1999
..
..
39.63
..
..
26.43
..
..
45.31
43.11
42.45
..
..
34.88
..
..
55.83
..
..
44.02
..
..
..
39.56
36.10
20.47
..
..
..
..
54.01
58.20
31.92
2009
..
141.37
100.77
29.21
95.43
..
..
..
111.56
128.44
111.47
..
..
128.53
165.17
122.09
..
87.54
..
78.20
..
..
..
109.84
93.31
..
..
..
..
..
112.43
105.08
57.91
2000
..
56.94
42.95
20.54
32.41
21.88
..
..
44.40
41.98
42.94
..
..
34.26
..
..
51.42
..
..
48.69
..
..
..
38.86
34.67
..
..
..
..
..
50.45
55.02
31.51
2010
..
115.56
..
..
83.62
..
..
..
116.89
122.05
119.27
..
..
94.21
130.46
127.81
..
..
..
83.49
..
..
..
107.21
101.19
..
..
..
..
..
127.32
119.15
59.42
2001
..
48.41
49.46
21.27
36.66
22.10
..
..
53.62
51.04
52.51
..
..
39.99
..
..
53.65
..
..
51.94
..
..
..
43.31
44.23
..
..
..
..
..
35.92
57.50
32.33
2011
..
144.01
..
..
106.83
..
..
..
157.56
144.71
155.16
..
..
141.76
189.76
..
..
..
..
85.90
..
..
..
116.06
129.94
..
..
..
..
..
131.08
158.99
63.20
IEA/OECD, 2012
1978
IEA/OECD, 2012
5. COAL FOR OTHER USES
IEA/OECD, 2012
Table 5.1: OECD coal-fired and total electricity generating capacity, 1990 to 2010
(GW)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1990
2000
Coal
2005
24.92
1.89
4.90
19.24
0.89
12.11
7.54
..
5.79
14.23
42.73
3.89
2.24
..
0.87
..
9.03
40.47
..
0.09
1.61
3.77
1.09
0.05
25.99
1.47
..
..
10.41
..
0.01
5.58
41.17
307.96
28.65
2.16
2.47
..
1.93
11.47
5.60
2.79
7.71
..
51.59
4.49
2.02
..
0.87
4.29
12.56
51.78
14.44
..
5.11
4.18
1.11
0.08
27.80
1.99
..
1.03
11.36
..
..
7.40
33.37
321.06
29.60
2.44
4.09
..
2.01
11.46
6.45
2.51
7.76
..
..
4.81
1.51
..
0.89
4.84
9.99
59.18
21.18
..
5.13
4.18
1.16
0.08
28.45
2.04
1.77
0.95
..
2.76
..
9.59
30.51
315.44
2009
2010
1990
2000
Total
2005
2009
2010
30.99
2.97
..
..
2.18
11.65
6.42
2.55
7.53
..
..
4.81
1.28
..
0.85
4.84
10.40
54.74
27.84
..
5.20
..
1.16
0.02
28.51
2.17
1.50
0.90
..
..
0.25
11.01
29.93
316.23
30.58
2.51
..
..
2.53
11.79
6.16
2.63
7.79
..
..
4.79
1.39
..
0.85
4.84
11.19
47.23
28.29
..
5.90
..
1.16
0.01
28.41
2.38
1.52
0.85
..
..
0.22
12.40
29.84
318.96
38.45
16.69
14.14
104.14
5.10
15.28
9.14
..
13.22
103.41
97.75
8.51
7.18
0.94
3.81
5.07
56.56
194.73
2.34
1.24
27.37
17.56
7.18
27.13
27.97
7.40
..
..
43.42
34.19
15.11
16.32
73.21
733.59
46.20
17.81
15.69
111.32
9.89
15.32
12.31
2.80
16.26
114.68
118.38
10.90
8.28
1.38
4.71
9.13
75.51
260.49
53.69
1.22
40.35
21.06
8.46
28.42
30.56
10.90
7.45
2.61
53.92
33.72
17.25
27.26
78.39
812.63
50.54
18.91
16.10
122.84
12.59
17.41
13.03
2.56
16.47
115.79
125.03
13.31
8.59
1.54
6.27
10.61
85.50
277.32
66.54
1.68
52.50
21.80
8.92
29.12
32.26
13.39
8.26
2.99
76.57
33.39
17.47
38.84
82.38
978.54
55.99
20.86
17.50
135.40
15.73
18.33
13.39
2.67
16.32
119.02
146.95
14.22
8.81
2.57
7.60
12.13
101.45
284.49
80.61
1.70
59.69
25.99
9.44
30.96
33.03
17.39
7.15
3.05
96.58
35.29
17.73
44.76
87.45
1026.87
58.82
21.11
18.32
136.95
16.23
20.07
13.71
2.75
16.68
124.26
156.98
15.12
9.01
2.58
8.52
15.43
106.49
287.03
83.58
1.72
62.00
26.69
9.70
30.20
33.36
18.92
7.87
3.19
101.77
36.45
18.07
49.52
93.45
1041.00
Notes: Includes multi-fired units.

Notes: Includes autoproducers for all countries except Japan.
Notes: For further information, see notes and definitions in Part I.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Source: IEA/OECD Electricity Information
Table 5.2: OECD coal and peat use for electricity production and heat sold
(Mtce)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
19.7
1.2
3.9
11.9
0.4
11.9
2.3
..
1.7
14.8
104.2
2.0
5.8
0.9
1.9
17.1
0.5
0.4
0.1
1.1
0.5
52.9
0.3
2.7
..
4.3
0.1
28.8
1.2
5.5
21.5
0.7
15.5
8.0
..
4.9
24.4
115.9
3.8
6.9
0.8
6.0
15.0
1.2
0.2
2.6
0.2
77.0
0.1
4.1
..
11.2
0.1
33.7
1.7
5.3
28.3
0.7
16.5
9.7
..
4.5
15.0
123.3
6.9
6.0
1.2
2.6
9.9
30.0
6.9
0.2
1.0
5.3
0.3
82.9
0.3
4.1
..
17.2
1.9
41.3
2.4
6.5
30.0
2.5
20.5
8.1
6.8
4.7
12.0
115.6
9.8
4.5
2.6
3.4
11.4
36.3
8.5
0.2
2.6
8.3
0.2
74.9
2.9
3.3
1.6
20.3
1.6
46.3
2.0
6.3
31.3
2.1
21.3
8.7
3.4
5.9
9.6
103.2
11.1
4.0
3.0
5.9
8.8
51.5
16.9
0.1
5.3
9.1
0.3
60.0
4.2
3.1
1.5
21.9
1.4
60.0
2.0
4.7
39.7
3.1
21.3
5.2
3.2
5.0
10.9
98.8
11.8
4.1
2.7
9.2
9.6
69.1
38.7
6.8
7.9
0.5
56.2
4.6
2.4
1.8
26.7
1.1
64.4
2.6
3.5
35.6
2.4
20.6
4.9
3.7
4.9
10.3
97.3
12.4
3.1
2.7
10.6
16.5
89.7
51.9
11.4
8.0
2.0
56.4
4.8
2.5
2.0
25.7
1.2
66.5
2.4
3.0
35.6
4.3
22.4
6.3
4.4
8.1
9.6
102.7
11.9
3.1
2.3
11.5
16.7
91.7
54.5
10.9
8.3
1.1
57.0
3.9
2.2
2.1
25.1
1.1
65.5
2.1
2.7
32.8
5.0
21.1
5.5
4.0
5.8
9.6
95.5
11.7
3.0
2.2
10.9
16.6
86.6
61.6
7.6
7.8
1.6
54.9
3.5
2.1
2.0
16.1
1.2
66.4
1.6
2.1
28.8
4.8
19.6
5.6
3.4
6.2
9.0
87.3
11.8
2.6
1.9
10.5
14.4
83.1
71.1
10.2
7.7
1.1
52.8
4.0
1.8
1.9
12.2
1.0
64.3
2.0
1.9
29.2
5.5
20.7
5.4
4.6
7.9
8.6
89.6
10.9
2.7
1.9
10.6
14.5
88.1
74.7
11.0
7.5
0.7
0.1
54.7
2.3
1.8
2.0
8.7
1.3
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1.8
65.0
309.9
2.6
74.3
417.2
6.0
61.4
501.8
7.8
68.3
565.7
10.5
49.7
636.7
14.1
41.1
716.5
13.5
46.0
718.7
19.0
46.4
717.5
20.5
42.2
707.3
19.3
35.3
628.2
19.8
36.6
661.1
IEA Americas
IEA Asia Oceania
IEA Europe
OECD Americas
OECD Asia Oceania
OECD Europe
321.7
37.8
279.3
322.2
37.8
279.3
438.7
45.2
365.1
439.3
45.2
365.1
530.1
70.9
379.1
531.7
73.6
379.1
595.8
86.3
386.0
600.8
89.7
394.4
668.0
115.0
344.0
675.4
120.9
348.9
756.2
168.3
330.3
766.1
177.5
335.3
754.3
208.0
336.9
768.1
218.7
342.6
753.1
213.9
351.4
768.2
225.4
358.0
740.1
215.3
324.1
752.6
226.2
330.1
657.0
221.7
296.2
672.0
232.2
301.5
690.3
227.8
299.0
706.8
238.4
305.5
IEA Total
OECD Total
638.9
639.4
849.0
849.6
980.1
984.4
1068.1
1085.0
1127.0
1145.3
1254.8
1278.9
1299.2
1329.4
1318.4
1351.6
1279.4
1308.9
1174.8
1205.7
1217.1
1250.7
"Coal" refers to all coal types, primary (including hard and brown coal), and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke
oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas) as well as peat,
peat briquettes and oil shale. Quantities have been converted to Mtce units using calorific values largely submitted in
annual questionnaires to the IEA Secretariat by OECD member countries.
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries
IEA/OECD, 2012
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
Table 5.3: OECD coal(1) use in coke ovens

(million tonnes)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Hungary
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
IEA Total
OECD Total
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
9.5
2.3
9.9
7.7
0.5
18.6
x
15.3
46.3
1.6
10.4
62.3
0.4
2.8
3.4
0.4
21.6
0.4
2.8
6.4
0.7
2.0
24.0
87.3
0.5
7.0
2.4
7.9
7.3
0.5
12.2
x
14.6
38.7
1.4
11.2
65.7
4.0
4.0
3.7
0.4
25.3
0.3
2.1
5.2
1.7
2.6
13.5
60.5
0.4
5.5
2.4
7.8
6.3
0.4
10.6
x
11.3
31.5
0.9
10.1
67.6
7.0
3.8
4.1
0.4
20.5
0.4
2.5
4.9
1.6
3.7
9.7
37.2
-
5.9
2.3
7.2
5.0
0.5
8.5
0.2
0.7
9.5
24.1
1.0
8.6
65.2
11.7
2.9
3.8
0.6
18.2
0.3
2.9
4.5
1.5
4.7
10.1
35.3
-
5.9
1.9
4.7
4.2
0.7
6.6
0.2
1.7
7.7
13.7
1.4
6.7
60.8
14.1
2.7
4.0
0.7
15.4
0.5
2.4
3.3
1.6
4.2
8.1
29.9
-
4.8
1.9
3.9
4.2
0.7
4.6
0.1
1.3
6.5
11.4
1.3
6.4
57.4
16.4
2.7
3.0
0.7
12.4
0.5
2.2
3.6
1.8
4.2
8.2
26.0
-
4.5
1.9
3.4
4.3
0.7
4.3
0.1
1.3
5.8
10.2
0.8
5.1
59.4
15.4
2.4
3.2
0.8
11.4
2.4
3.6
1.8
4.2
5.6
18.4
-
4.6
1.9
3.4
4.3
0.7
4.1
0.2
1.2
6.0
10.4
1.5
5.9
59.7
15.5
2.5
3.1
0.8
13.8
2.4
3.7
2.0
4.4
5.9
18.2
-
4.5
1.9
2.8
4.3
0.7
4.3
0.2
1.2
6.0
10.3
1.4
5.6
56.6
16.8
2.9
3.1
0.7
13.3
2.2
3.5
2.0
5.5
5.9
20.0
-
3.5
1.7
2.0
3.0
0.6
3.0
0.1
1.1
4.4
8.4
1.0
3.4
53.5
14.8
2.4
2.5
0.8
9.4
2.0
2.3
1.5
4.9
4.9
13.9
-
4.1
1.8
2.6
3.9
0.5
3.2
0.1
1.2
4.3
10.6
1.4
4.9
57.9
19.5
2.7
2.9
0.8
13.0
2.1
2.6
1.8
5.3
5.7
19.1
-
333.5
336.8
288.1
292.5
246.0
250.2
231.8
235.4
199.7
203.2
182.6
186.1
167.7
171.0
172.9
176.2
171.9
175.6
142.0
145.1
169.0
172.3
(1) Primary coal only. Coal products such as briquettes are not included. For further information, see notes and definitions in Part I.
Table 5.4: World consumption of pulverised coal injection (PCI) coals
Australia
Belgium
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
Korea
Netherlands
Poland
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Chinese Taipei
Colombia
India
Russian Federation
Total World
1990
1995
2000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
..
513
1310
1730
170
5252
..
680
..
219
..
210
..
767
200
..
859
2305
1843
1230
8286
2181
845
..
313
..
245
..
585
2300
..
1458
2462
2530
1198
10936
3031
1040
..
390
681
277
..
456
2924e
655
712
2439
3060
1223
11097
5005
1330
..
404
542
471
..
882
2501
807
642
2534
2641
1628
10416
5065e
1468
..
412
649
548
..
895
2405
881
522
2936
2770
1678
10440
5481
1522
..
388
717
506
..
1039
1519
790
514
3193
2975
1818
10670
5852
1324
..
470
511
493
..
1121
1814
808
450
3110
3115
1030
11594
6284
1593
..
468
769
532
293
1242
1959
825
478
2636
3071
1102
9705
6997
1353
..
406
661
515
444
1170
2482
647
46
1343
1833
942
8625
6381
938
..
383
269
275
462
852
1501
697
172
2410
3959
1459
11646
7695
1018
32
356
681
413
553
978
1964
130
487
..
..
472
443
..
..
801
231
2111
319
1267
336
2428
259
1292
231
2059
410
1156
233
2160
2683
1409
198
2266
2841
1445
198
2377
3500
1113
255
2493
3996
678
300
2615
3315
1109
196
2743
3821
11668
21907
30845
34611
34102
36631
38259
40767
39702
31405
41902
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA/OECD, 2012
6. CHARTS
IEA/OECD, 2012
Figure 1: World coal production

(million tonnes)
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Total coal
Steam coal
Coking coal
Lignite
Figure 2: World steam and coking coal trade

(million tonnes)
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
Steam coal exports
Coking coal exports
IEA/OECD, 2012
Figure 3: Coking coal price

CIF Japan and CIF EU member states (USD/tonne)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
CIF Japan
CIF EU member states
Figure 4: Steam coal price

CIF Japan and CIF EU member states (USD/tonne)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
* Prices for 2011 are unavailable due to resource constraints.

IEA/OECD, 2012
CIF Japan
Figure 5: Steam coal price

US FOB vs. US domestic (USD/tonne)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011*
US domestic
US FOB
Figure 6: Steam coal price CIF EU member states (USD/tonne)

and US exports (million tonnes)
45
160
40
140
120
30
100
25
80
20
US$/t
Million tonnes
35
60
15
20
US export volume
* Prices for 2011 are unavailable due to resource constraints.

IEA/OECD, 2012
40
10
Figure 7: OECD total primary energy supply

(Mtce)
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1971
1980
1990
Coal
Oil
2000
Natural Gas
2008
Nuclear
2009
Hydro
2010
2011e
Others
Figure 8: OECD coal consumption and indicators

(2005=100)
120
100
80
60
40
20
Industrial production
Coal supply
Electricity generation
Total TPES
IEA/OECD, 2012
GDP
Figure 9: Japan steam coal supply,

Imports, GDP annual growth rates
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
-5%
-10%
-15%
Steam coal import
Steam coal supply
GDP
Figure 10: EU member states steam coal supply,

Imports, GDP annual growth rates
20%
5%
4%
15%
3%
1%
0%
0%
-1%
-5%
-2%
-10%
-3%
-15%
-4%
-20%
-5%
Steam coal import
Steam coal supply
GDP
IEA/OECD, 2012
% change
2%
5%
% change GDP
10%
Figure 11: Coal production by region

(million tonnes)
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1971
1974
1977
1980
1983
OECD Americas
Africa/Middle East
Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
OECD Asia Oceania

Asia
2001
2004
2007
2011e
OECD Europe
Non-OECD Americas
Figure 12: Coal consumption by region

(million tonnes)
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
0
1971
1974
1977
1980
1983
OECD Americas
Africa/Middle East
1986
1989
1992
OECD Asia Oceania

Asia
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
OECD Europe
Non-OECD Americas
2011e
IEA/OECD, 2012
1000
Figure 13: Coal imports by region

(million tonnes)
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1971
1974
1977
1980
1983
OECD Americas
Africa/Middle East
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
OECD Asia Oceania

Asia
2001
2004
2007
2011e
OECD Europe
Non-OECD Americas
Figure 14: Coal exports by region

(million tonnes)
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
1974
1977
1980
1983
OECD Americas
Africa/Middle East
1986
1989
1992
OECD Asia Oceania

Asia
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
2011e
OECD Europe
Non-OECD Americas
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971
IEA/OECD, 2012
COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART IV - IV.1
PART IV
IEA/OECD, 2012
DETAILED OECD COAL DATA
IEA/OECD, 2012
DIRECTORY OF PART IV FIGURES AND

TABLES
Data for each OECD and IEA region and country are
illustrated in figures at the beginning of each section.
This is followed by detailed statistical information
presented in several tables for each region and country.
Interpreting energy data and comparing statistics between countries is made difficult by differences in
definitions used by countries in the collection and
reporting of data. In Part I, such differences are explained. The conventions used by the Secretariat in
presenting energy data are also reported. In particular,
readers are strongly advised to read the country notes.
Conversion factors are also included for reference.
Figures:
1. Total primary energy supply by fuel
2. Coal supply indicators
3. Primary coal supply
4. Coal consumption
5. Electricity generation by fuel
6. CO2 emissions by fuel
Tables:
1. Total primary energy supply (TPES) by fuel
2. Energy supply, GDP and population
3. Coal and peat production by type
4. Final consumption of energy by fuel
5. Coal balance
6. Use of coal for selected end-uses
7. Fuel prices to end users
8. Coal and peat trade by type
9. Total coal imports by origin
10. Coking coal exports by destination
11. Steam coal exports by destination
12. Coal import values by origin
13. Coal export values by destination
It should be noted that not all tables are shown for all
countries. For example, in the case where a country
has no or very few coal exports, the related tables (on
volumes and values) are omitted.
Data for 2011 are provisional with the exception of
Tables 7, 12 and 13 where data for 2011 are final.
USD refers to dollars used in the United States of
America. Prices for regional totals, weighted by national consumption, are calculated as an average of
available price data in the region and therefore prices
shown should be considered only indicative. Data are
converted from unit prices to tonnes of coal equivalent (tce) using the country specific calorific values.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Part IV of Coal Information contains detailed statistical information on coal for the 34 Member countries
of the OECD and for regional aggregates (OECD
Total, OECD Americas, OECD Asia Oceania, OECD
Europe, IEA Total, IEA Americas, IEA Asia Oceania,
and IEA Europe). The figures and tables of regional
aggregates are presented before the country tables
which are set out in alphabetical order.
IEA/OECD, 2012
OECD TOTAL*
Figure 1: TPES by fuel (Mtce)
Figure 2: Coal supply indicators (1971 = 100)
9000
140
8000
120
7000
100
6000
5000
80
4000
60
3000
40
2000
20
1000
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Figure 4: Coal consumption (Mtce)
Figure 3: Primary coal supply (Mtce)

1800
1800
1600
1600
1400
1400
1200
1200
1000
1000
800
800
600
600
400
400
200
200
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Electricity and heat
Industry
Coal supply
Imports
Figure 5: Electricity generation by fuel (TWh)

12000
14000
10000
12000
Other use
Figure 6: CO2 emissions by fuel (Mt CO2)
10000
8000
8000
6000
6000
4000
4000
2000
2000
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
*Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I. Peat is included in coal for all figures.
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
IV.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART IV
OECD TOTAL
1. Total primary energy supply (TPES) by fuel*
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Net electricity trade(1)
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
5343.64
1206.57
2810.63
1009.03
124.81
70.31
112.77
8.68
0.07
0.77
-
5811.81
1380.36
2779.30
1111.54
158.03
231.79
134.23
14.55
0.10
1.91
-
6460.71
1543.57
2670.99
1203.89
209.82
644.59
145.17
37.56
3.21
1.84
0.08
7560.78
1572.30
3020.26
1651.39
260.98
837.40
165.03
43.51
9.15
0.07
0.70
7471.01
1470.24
2790.00
1783.77
346.07
834.91
162.87
43.65
37.60
1.11
0.79
7722.67
1551.96
2802.09
1881.37
376.58
852.13
166.01
45.20
45.05
1.34
0.93
7578.51
1515.85
2749.96
1889.58
374.24
773.91
171.19
47.07
55.62
0.09
0.99
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.12
1.46
-0.30
1.04
3.10
13.92
1.50
9.00
25.38
5.28
-
0.90
0.03
0.24
2.26
2.97
1.41
0.67
0.93
14.12
-1.57
12.90
(1) Net trade between OECD and non-OECD countries.

(2) Ambient heat from heat pumps used in the transformation sector.
2. Energy supply, GDP and population*
GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
Population (millions)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
Coal and peat supply/GDP(2)
Elec. consumption/GDP (2)
Elec. generation (TWh)
Industrial production(2)
1973
15060
0.35
915.7
5.84
161.3
175.2
99.0
4472
..
1980
18206
0.32
980.0
5.93
145.1
165.8
103.3
5668
57.5
1990
24707
0.26
1064.1
6.07
118.8
136.6
102.7
7629
72.9
2000
32226
0.23
1151.9
6.56
106.6
106.7
102.3
9730
94.7
2009
36401
0.21
1225.1
6.10
93.3
88.3
97.2
10393
92.2
2010
37494
0.21
1232.2
6.27
93.6
90.5
98.9
10854
99.6
2011e
38099
0.20
1238.0
6.12
90.4
87.0
..
10753
102.7
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.95
2.11
-1.78
-1.19
0.89
0.74
0.23
0.16
-1.78
-1.19
-1.45
-2.04
0.21
-0.19
3.19
1.78
..
1.57
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
(1) TPES/GDP in units of tce/2005 thousand USD, TPES/population in units of tce/capita.

(2) As index, 2005 (not shown) = 100
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries , OECD Main Economic Indicators
1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
290.52
748.82
205.58
2.30
281.52
985.64
259.93
5.52
228.73
952.15
196.34
3.32
233.65
1006.20
196.01
4.67
218.56
969.82
193.17
4.38
277.64
930.15
193.77
4.47
274.03
933.93
199.77
3.70
-0.26
2.32
1.97
7.57
-0.07
-0.29
-1.46
-1.05
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
296.47
905.35
652.37
8.05
282.54
1201.87
808.39
16.41
234.93
1191.64
602.90
10.32
242.95
1271.97
610.17
13.95
228.36
1240.45
592.82
12.81
289.84
1196.74
583.81
13.57
286.66
1196.23
603.96
11.19
-0.40
2.39
1.80
6.11
0.13
-0.02
-1.61
-0.94
(1) Earliest year for which split by coal type is available.

* Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I.
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries
IEA/OECD, 2012
3. Coal and peat production by type*
OECD TOTAL
4. Final consumption of energy by fuel*
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
4022.12
433.13
2262.88
712.11
120.43
0.51
463.47
29.59
4202.32
369.89
2247.91
798.19
149.81
0.73
0.04
584.81
50.93
4442.04
336.97
2274.89
841.53
133.95
2.83
2.58
788.42
60.88
5209.76
201.78
2643.80
1066.04
193.39
3.95
5.25
1024.96
70.61
5331.85
190.78
2603.01
1058.34
235.69
4.18
6.75
1146.89
86.22
5098.15
163.62
2493.62
1007.60
238.09
4.89
6.83
1099.90
83.59
5273.02
182.86
2523.94
1052.79
258.03
5.18
7.24
1152.66
90.31
0.59
-1.47
0.03
0.99
0.63
10.65
3.17
4.34
0.86
-3.01
0.52
1.13
3.33
3.06
5.29
1.92
1.99
1368.69
260.99
447.56
357.77
60.36
0.04
226.45
15.52
1345.24
229.08
398.14
358.53
70.87
0.04
266.54
22.05
1185.22
229.71
241.92
322.55
52.22
0.23
0.01
317.39
21.19
1305.11
173.10
207.42
402.77
100.50
0.45
0.14
396.82
23.90
1217.41
154.96
178.91
363.78
102.74
0.42
0.19
380.71
35.70
1096.17
128.23
163.11
332.75
96.42
0.41
0.02
340.77
34.45
1184.00
145.87
165.26
364.64
102.99
0.41
0.02
370.50
34.31
-0.84
-0.75
-3.55
-0.61
-0.85
10.47
2.01
1.85
-0.01
-2.24
-1.89
0.62
3.45
2.96
3.07
0.78
2.44
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
993.31
10.48
950.97
24.28
1117.56
3.71
1080.95
24.22
1343.33
0.41
1305.13
26.69
1637.84
0.14
1588.96
29.85
1718.43
0.21
1629.87
31.92
1667.66
0.20
1574.18
29.75
1685.27
0.19
1581.81
32.39
1.79
-17.34
1.88
0.56
1.14
-3.70
0.97
0.97
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
7.58
784.51
109.53
283.83
205.91
0.00
8.67
794.90
91.24
214.22
248.46
0.01
11.09
855.73
67.72
172.24
283.81
5.76
13.13
994.44
19.69
183.28
367.99
42.98
13.46
1028.77
21.85
145.27
387.94
50.31
13.23
1014.25
23.01
138.28
378.95
57.54
13.33
1048.54
25.88
137.93
384.61
5.41
2.26
0.51
-2.79
-2.90
1.91
x
0.93
1.02
-4.70
-1.10
1.53
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Comm & public services
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
40.41
0.42
133.34
11.07
406.66
28.49
186.43
99.94
42.99
0.64
0.04
177.88
19.42
420.03
28.68
151.20
111.41
57.83
1.40
2.44
242.46
27.83
504.16
23.14
120.54
143.56
79.14
2.24
4.88
307.96
29.27
622.89
4.40
119.18
187.81
80.81
2.49
6.21
356.96
27.24
702.22
6.92
100.12
211.96
81.52
3.19
6.39
354.78
28.15
687.99
6.66
90.25
210.19
87.14
3.55
6.68
371.07
31.69
701.38
5.53
88.16
216.49
2.13
7.38
3.58
5.57
1.27
-1.22
-2.53
2.15
2.07
4.77
5.17
2.15
0.65
1.66
-6.90
-1.55
2.08
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.16
0.02
89.41
1.21
315.18
4.42
302.79
7.97
1.54
0.02
123.98
3.21
348.59
3.28
320.84
24.48
1.04
0.30
0.10
206.94
8.55
415.02
3.51
360.36
51.15
3.89
0.71
0.13
295.77
10.99
531.37
2.44
467.34
61.59
6.28
0.71
0.26
359.89
16.08
522.97
4.04
474.46
44.48
6.73
0.73
0.31
358.28
14.84
499.43
3.53
455.75
40.15
6.91
0.87
0.38
366.01
17.02
521.63
3.13
475.69
42.81
-0.65
17.86
5.06
12.21
1.63
-1.35
1.03
11.56
9.95
5.53
6.81
2.89
3.50
1.15
-0.58
1.40
-0.89
Total final consumption(1)

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
(1) Total Final Consumption (TFC) excludes use in transformation processes and energy industry own use.
* Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I. Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and "Non-specified other" sectors are not reported here
* individually, but are accounted for in Total final consumption.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD TOTAL
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
1170.4
174.2
-158.7
20.7
1384.7
236.9
-215.0
-26.3
1532.6
318.9
-286.7
-21.3
1380.5
442.2
-308.1
57.7
1385.9
488.0
-352.4
-51.2
1406.0
527.2
-408.5
27.2
1411.4
532.0
-417.5
-10.1
1.6
3.6
3.5
-0.4
2.5
1.8
Primary supply
1206.6
1380.4
1543.6
1572.3
1470.2
1552.0
1515.9
1.5
0.0
21.2
-20.9
2.1
25.0
-11.3
-11.7
..
Total transformation
-754.1
-959.5
-1186.0
-1375.0
-1276.6
-1335.9
..
2.7
0.6
Electricity and heat gen.

Main activity producers (1)
-639.4
-618.2
-21.1
-849.6
-786.0
-63.6
-1085.0
-1016.9
-68.1
-1278.9
-1225.3
-53.7
-1205.7
-1168.9
-36.7
-1250.7
-1207.7
-43.0
..
..
..
3.2
3.0
7.1
0.7
0.9
-2.3
Autoproducers
Gas works
15.7
7.8
-0.5
-2.7
-2.9
-2.9
..
9.0
-130.5
2.2
-93.8
-38.2
-0.8
-117.6
1.4
-80.2
-38.9
0.1
-100.2
-1.6
-77.2
-17.2
-4.1
-92.8
-0.2
-78.5
-13.2
-0.8
-67.1
-0.0
-56.6
-10.5
0.0
-81.2
-0.0
-70.1
-11.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
-1.5
-1.1
-4.6
10.5
-1.0
-16.5
-0.5
-2.2
-
Other transformation(3)
-0.3
-0.5
-1.0
-1.1
..
7.5
Energy ind. own use
-35.0
-27.7
-21.5
-19.4
-17.6
-20.1
..
-2.8
-0.3
Coal transformation(2)
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
Final consumption(4)
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Paper, pulp and print
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Comm. and pub. services
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-5.4
-2.4
-1.2
-1.2
-1.1
-1.3
..
433.1
369.9
337.0
201.8
163.6
182.9
..
-1.5
-3.0
261.0
133.9
26.6
21.2
11.6
67.6
229.1
106.3
24.9
32.7
11.2
53.9
229.7
82.7
28.2
41.8
16.2
60.7
173.1
64.3
18.2
36.1
8.3
46.1
128.2
47.0
14.7
23.4
9.4
33.6
145.9
57.6
16.1
24.4
9.6
38.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
-0.7
-2.8
0.3
4.1
2.0
-0.6
-2.2
-1.8
-2.8
-2.6
-2.6
-2.3
10.5
3.7
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
..
-17.3
-3.7
157.2
28.5
109.5
19.2
133.8
28.7
91.2
13.9
103.3
23.1
67.7
12.5
26.1
4.4
19.7
2.0
31.7
6.7
23.0
2.0
33.7
5.5
25.9
2.3
..
..
..
..
-2.4
-1.2
-2.8
-2.5
-5.5
-6.9
-4.7
-8.2
4.4
3.3
3.5
2.4
3.5
3.1
..
-1.3
-0.6
(1) Main activity electricity and heat generation includes district heating.
(2) Coal transformation refers to the transformation of coal and peat to secondary and tertiary products (mainly cokes, briquettes,
(2) coal tar and off-gases). Gas works and Liquefaction are shown separately to match the Energy Balances of OECD Countries.
(3) Other transformation includes Liquefaction and Non-specified transformations.
(4) Final Consumption includes non-energy use and energy use (Industry, Transport and Other).
(5) Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I for detailed explanation.
(6) Other industry includes Non-ferrous metals, Transport equipment, Machinery, Mining and quarrying, Food and tobacco, Wood and
(6) wood products, Construction, Textile and leather, and Non-specified industry.
* "Coal" refers to all types of coal, primary (anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal) and derived fuels
* (including patent fuel, BKB, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, coke oven gas, gas works gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas),
* as well as peat, peat briquettes and oil shale. Quantities have been converted to Mtce using calorific values reported by the respective countries.

IEA/OECD, 2012
(7) Transport includes Rail and Inland waterways.

(8) Other sectors includes Agriculture/Forestry, Fishing and Non-specified other.
OECD TOTAL
6. Use of coal for selected end-uses*
Steam coal
Total electricity and heat
Main activity producers
Autoproducers
Patent fuel/BKB plants
Coke ovens/Liquefaction(1)
Blast furnace inputs
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
929.13
714.31
664.54
49.77
25.54
2.40
0.01
1.85
93.80
9.78
13.86
27.37
9.02
33.76
71.43
0.08
1242.03
1041.72
991.90
49.82
23.75
6.61
3.76
0.41
119.82
8.07
22.59
42.01
15.83
31.32
47.92
0.33
1429.19
1288.16
1255.07
33.10
3.27
13.92
9.71
103.01
8.97
17.49
36.83
8.64
31.07
20.34
0.45
1554.96
1281.83
1254.98
26.86
122.27
14.18
9.71
96.55
10.32
14.74
31.56
11.28
28.65
20.65
0.77
1559.48
1399.53
1373.73
25.80
2.69
13.13
10.28
94.38
9.58
16.08
31.83
11.71
25.20
26.47
0.73
1421.33
1284.30
1260.79
23.51
2.31
10.74
6.14
77.52
7.41
14.23
23.95
10.21
21.72
25.90
1.35
1481.11
1336.30
1310.63
25.67
2.23
15.15
10.23
83.60
8.91
15.48
24.79
10.39
24.03
27.92
0.42
2.45
3.19
3.39
0.01
-0.60
8.80
73.63
-11.86
2.06
-1.59
4.16
3.63
4.80
-0.62
-3.27
12.80
0.88
1.25
1.40
-3.26
-11.15
4.23
5.14
-1.78
0.50
-1.87
-2.60
-2.08
-1.32
-2.66
1.14
293.19
7.14
6.19
0.95
275.86
6.91
0.26
0.07
0.01
0.00
0.18
0.28
-
255.99
18.23
14.32
3.91
228.57
6.71
0.26
1.98
1.63
0.01
0.34
0.14
-
206.17
13.37
10.17
3.20
172.12
15.75
2.65
0.24
0.00
0.02
2.39
0.10
0.23
190.36
12.70
10.73
1.97
2.81
156.68
18.73
0.80
0.23
0.01
0.55
0.13
0.22
196.15
10.49
8.76
1.73
162.31
19.17
1.01
0.84
0.02
0.16
0.19
0.22
160.77
7.70
6.71
0.98
134.30
16.74
1.89
0.92
0.02
0.01
0.94
0.28
0.14
185.51
5.14
4.21
0.93
157.09
21.44
1.81
1.18
0.01
0.00
0.63
0.20
0.18
-1.12
8.12
7.23
12.52
-1.55
-23.92
18.48
30.01
13.00
5.54
-5.70
-
-1.60
-6.13
-5.94
-6.91
-1.86
5.98
-0.45
-1.63
-2.40
3.17
1.77
-
652.00
415.48
398.48
16.99
136.86
6.40
50.71
0.93
14.35
1.57
4.51
29.36
32.90
0.83
820.81
612.04
583.34
28.70
110.15
0.88
9.12
43.49
1.37
10.93
1.63
2.11
27.45
41.36
0.67
607.99
562.94
554.17
8.77
13.11
1.40
7.64
15.74
0.22
3.37
0.72
0.57
10.87
9.08
0.31
613.63
570.93
562.66
8.27
13.43
1.98
7.71
9.44
0.09
3.23
0.55
0.49
5.09
7.31
0.29
603.98
561.52
554.80
6.72
13.52
2.20
8.04
9.08
0.07
2.23
0.81
0.36
5.61
7.39
0.04
591.03
545.27
539.37
5.90
12.82
2.80
7.84
10.57
0.06
3.12
0.59
0.42
6.38
8.67
0.09
582.73
536.22
526.21
10.01
13.81
3.10
8.16
12.30
0.20
3.49
0.72
0.26
7.63
8.62
0.09
1.94
3.28
3.23
4.46
-1.79
2.99
-1.27
3.32
-2.24
0.31
-6.14
-0.56
1.93
-1.78
-1.70
-0.66
-0.51
-5.13
-9.86
6.50
-0.55
-6.12
-9.22
-5.55
-3.99
-9.97
-6.20
-7.54
-9.59
(1) Liquefaction primarily refers to direct distillation processes. Indirect liquefaction may be reported here or under gas manufacture.
(2) Other sectors are Residential, Commercial and public services, Agriculture/Forestry, Fishing and Non-specified other.
* Coal totals may not match the sum of the individual rows due to statistical differences. Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
OECD TOTAL
7. Fuel prices to end users*
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

For electricity generation
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
High sulphur fuel oil
Low sulphur fuel oil
Natural gas
(US dollars / unit)(2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

(2) For steam coal, coking coal and heavy fuel oil per metric tonne; for natural gas per 10 7 kilocalories GCV.
* Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I. Steam coal prices relate to historical defintions.
8. Coal and peat trade by type of coal*
Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
185.87
58.79
99.77
0.60
4.69
22.01
318.94
156.88
141.36
1.40
5.13
0.10
14.08
354.32
195.73
137.29
2.58
3.24
0.13
15.35
442.18
274.98
136.13
7.50
1.93
0.10
21.54
520.34
353.22
133.95
13.08
0.64
0.14
19.31
561.84
385.10
143.07
13.40
0.92
0.23
19.11
487.97
351.58
114.37
11.33
0.76
0.23
9.70
527.22
359.74
139.29
11.95
0.64
0.16
15.44
532.00
370.95
138.20
8.77
0.64
0.16
13.28
176.71
44.50
105.43
4.38
0.01
22.40
286.66
103.69
161.25
0.04
4.37
0.12
17.20
300.50
113.76
167.92
2.01
2.96
0.07
13.78
308.09
130.89
162.61
0.77
1.34
0.08
12.41
327.68
132.56
177.47
4.43
0.82
0.06
12.35
373.72
152.67
200.34
5.67
1.04
0.02
13.97
352.42
156.73
179.69
3.54
0.86
0.02
11.59
408.51
158.02
231.80
4.40
0.79
0.04
13.45
417.48
173.93
225.78
3.83
0.78
0.03
13.12
(1) Bituminous coal includes anthracite.

(2) Coal products includes products derived from coal, for example: coke, coal tar, briquettes, patent fuels.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD TOTAL
9. Total coal imports by origin*
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
China, People's Rep.
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Former Soviet Union(3)
Russian Federation (4)
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
178767
289141
327069
369555
468538
565936
545312
579497
587234
99172
29796
11598
909
10948
6619
79
25075
116
136741
43475
20623
695
5219
5025
87
44013
686
136980
49601
16250
774
3141
2570
65
43205
305
134517
52923
17183
2985
37
6573
32737
689
139284
67155
17972
3388
2
3125
24038
398
136621
66223
15300
3366
289
3253
6
19422
440
117233
57793
11565
3968
15
2313
2
19482
686
142670
70365
13558
3663
1
1821
4
28382
256
141593
61455
17535
3542
15
2297
33451
500
420
2566
5249
x
x
5797
1211
50
103
5342
4216
x
x
5996
2803
177
714
3213
x
8569
5593
5339
137
4843
3643
x
3267
990
3171
9557
140
6327
991
x
4825
26
454
80
806
10111
202
9850
320
x
6336
520
872
111
2829
281
10654
634
x
5229
629
599
31
523
3483
810
11360
669
x
7470
79
187
37
525
2437
879
11541
515
x
6309
264
292
561
66833
4556
970
243
6716
16292
2285
9296
986
138684
30433
4051
462
3526
15429
2394
26912
2720
177513
34664
9885
327
2123
13084
2428
35894
3653
227096
51101
13926
1685
835
15832
713
33335
2074
324572
79138
11454
2443
470
18887
593
26348
4474
427817
101245
6963
1416
641
15557
319
18000
3937
426442
108416
10428
1971
491
7397
488
21364
5176
435460
112646
13659
2887
625
10510
308
24916
4233
444293
115840
12157
3153
517
5628
399
29228
3066
534
11967
3012
x
x
9976
2663
2083
306
32671
2915
x
x
157
11962
6287
10450
1000
33156
x
9866
1752
150
12794
15372
14281
12444
39460
x
10565
647
3506
1860
9460
35874
29428
24124
46469
x
21079
845
5152
1639
16155
35029
48040
53647
52996
x
60224
3019
5169
2699
18916
13708
59587
70937
37016
x
72758
2390
1891
3533
8891
10619
61939
76658
25814
x
70517
2398
1380
3478
12873
7312
71184
73910
25867
x
79219
3598
1585
2837
8793
12762
13716
12576
7942
4682
1498
1637
1367
1348

(2) Total coal consists of steam coal, coking coal and lignite.
(3) For years prior to 1990, or if no details for individual Former Soviet Union republics.
(4) Data for former republics are not available separately for some OECD member countries.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD TOTAL
10. Coking coal exports by destination*
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
107072
152492
162292
169662
168625
186619
188521
243494
237740
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
90313
1283
3860
5410
32
8972
714
245
8393
43380
2503
286
10
3347
193
387
5126
3257
840
18
498
1402
157
123858
1582
5031
6360
345
8609
950
7
13
62
10228
59198
7014
498
5206
232
369
4183
4283
1564
5
2232
5777
110
122656
1351
7450
3988
492
50
330
8494
877
28
3
50
8734
55167
7852
3
5261
99
805
3681
4499
1568
3
2869
8230
772
128045
2
1897
5890
4039
733
871
9
1249
6177
999
1
1287
39
3
127
7824
53462
15647
10
517
5766
239
896
434
2657
3267
2006
3
3681
7577
736
127268
1844
4551
3501
775
214
1005
6629
4891
1075
48
4
56
7381
52111
15305
1406
4660
95
538
198
1570
4163
2128
3954
8626
540
131670
1753
3429
4034
923
523
1181
5535
4373
449
57
15
129
6494
53408
17954
1582
8055
18
592
1909
163
4598
1690
3599
7366
1841
115760
1610
3438
2168
620
650
73
754
3587
3468
422
46
147
3874
49560
19051
1170
6982
36
2044
219
1748
2120
1426
127
4139
5333
948
139368
1724
2787
3091
604
720
754
4480
4040
542
59
55
4961
59849
23873
77
1338
8978
75
2882
2092
223
2531
1887
37
3901
6425
1383
142066
1196
2701
3772
1023
1017
797
4359
3990
324
58
138
6688
55526
27553
1264
10990
81
1709
93
1917
663
2947
1703
3833
6367
1357
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
8808
2121
1186
218
232
1348
521
919
69
22793
7958
192
2772
769
2080
1646
1564
1484
1041
30016
8867
860
3155
1009
5128
3915
1068
2129
963
39821
11064
211
5451
1672
9555
2455
947
784
1366
36371
10695
174
7713
1211
10610
505
1825
781
1051
48486
7925
5149
8365
1414
18520
593
3184
991
841
66269
11842
19366
3529
834
26148
368
1674
693
732
97474
12996
35431
6221
1366
33676
812
1595
924
781
90192
12726
22980
9119
629
34643
937
1650
914
467
2194
3287
2922
6316
1806
1504
1083
3672
6127
7951
5841
9620
1796
4986
6463
6492
6652
5482
World
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
Oth. Africa & Mid. East
Oth. non-OECD Americas
Other Asia & Oceania
Other non-OECD Europe
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

(2) China includes the People's Republic of China and Hong Kong, China.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD TOTAL
11. Steam coal exports by destination*
(thousand tonnes)
1978(1)
1985
1990
World
49931
105530
113417
128952
146895
157354
182698
185916
202334
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
40497
275
2660
8782
274
4620
4095
6755
4157
1
540
1552
1732
356
52
1285
167
15
237
21
244
90
79
1081
1427
83710
2
1001
2856
8508
99
1378
8297
3669
3461
5228
1278
28
1622
998
5070
18173
7942
107
44
6539
429
805
79
1630
1896
295
275
1846
155
95379
2
1216
3778
10083
514
2282
5857
2815
3859
5451
33
2248
1058
5051
30637
4352
3
188
9559
1
401
1
1572
198
762
1040
81
15
2097
225
108337
12
1050
3480
4541
1230
1874
6195
3089
2049
7364
1
374
20
1636
1257
4122
40735
13462
50
5194
336
304
1977
404
2
2350
861
11
216
3901
240
127167
1643
1467
13524
1349
864
2594
3
1228
3413
16478
112
322
7
1208
2623
1430
51874
13730
164
373
3556
16
677
117
348
1217
12
2327
255
20
110
3866
240
132708
2182
1292
13644
668
719
1220
963
3612
13612
144
321
44
1164
1170
422
58536
18719
38
4579
2240
56
495
127
580
722
10
729
443
8
178
3668
403
142857
24
1975
826
7455
716
829
676
295
4480
8669
152
150
51
568
672
1451
64981
33909
162
2928
4172
93
235
758
1066
544
3
666
352
74
177
3510
238
140760
105
1447
974
7291
1406
685
876
356
3055
9737
47
158
56
604
516
1785
68593
29032
50
4487
2195
59
461
1452
776
449
186
426
659
29
438
2108
262
149718
325
1362
1728
2477
2298
812
404
197
2799
9418
66
89
54
563
501
1850
69616
35384
80
3623
4149
58
434
2152
988
559
1
575
592
771
439
4964
390
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
384
11
76
32
82
129
13445
91
2695
6336
93
253
113
2229
13032
345
2554
6866
1
48
49
1057
128
1621
19718
190
3420
7953
1
1
381
1099
1672
19134
22
1440
10034
2
2469
828
89
3303
24439
726
2121
14332
4
1679
844
499
13
4019
39425
10
10263
20557
93
829
224
632
159
6431
44631
138
18127
19555
168
783
1075
135
4375
52406
399
20023
20125
179
1132
2376
509
6910
54
1635
363
5001
947
202
227
275
753
9050
8375
5006
897
594
207
416
525
210
Non-specified/Other
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e

* Please refer to notes and definitions in Part I. Steam coal includes all sub-bituminous coal.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
1995
OECD TOTAL
12. Coal import values by origin*
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
62.27
56.28
42.45
97.30
103.65
189.81
168.33
168.32
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
57.64
70.37
67.03
63.98
64.21
54.50
60.89
51.82
50.58
57.45
52.80
62.94
82.00
59.26
61.25
49.58
50.11
48.34
49.57
54.95
40.80
45.22
x
50.43
53.13
38.32
36.28
32.48
39.35
43.26
102.50
109.46
242.07
138.92
108.46
109.89
105.35
53.97
71.77
104.12
105.33
116.80
133.32
139.47
126.15
110.31
92.53
61.42
96.82
98.26
210.45
220.71
235.16
245.85
191.98
263.49
..
105.88
141.18
211.14
194.80
200.49
160.08
137.24
165.30
147.32
87.36
97.23
81.99
143.56
180.60
192.44
210.67
194.36
182.88
182.33
137.52
96.95
95.76
155.68
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other bituminous coal(4)
51.81
47.14
33.65
63.71
72.80
120.27
97.47
99.14
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
52.17
43.38
65.54
61.05
54.63
48.34
50.88
55.74
45.38
45.48
48.23
40.99
63.84
46.78
49.60
44.63
41.58
41.80
44.19
42.87
34.76
33.74
40.98
35.30
40.96
30.62
32.77
29.84
33.80
32.14
64.10
77.47
113.59
78.34
49.31
62.75
59.23
53.90
67.68
67.35
71.58
70.15
112.36
94.13
94.49
71.25
65.80
59.58
80.16
77.44
122.96
109.39
158.65
155.92
135.17
117.72
..
93.10
140.90
129.53
107.12
90.72
140.77
114.49
103.06
110.69
86.48
81.07
95.58
92.97
111.02
96.47
140.68
104.05
106.06
107.60
87.54
81.51
98.40
98.31
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high import costs.
(1) Import data for steam and coking coals are currently unavailable due to resource constraints.
(2) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
(3) Former Soviet Union until 1991, Russian Federation starting in 1992.
(4) Bituminous steam coal only. Weighted average of trades. Prices exclude intra-EU trade.
IEA/OECD, 2012
OECD AMERICAS*
4500
140
4000
120
3500
100
3000
2500
80
2000
60
1500
40
1000
20
500
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

1000
900
900
800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

6000
8000
Other use
7000
5000
6000
4000
5000
4000
3000
3000
2000
2000
1000
1000
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
OECD AMERICAS
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
2786.22
470.50
1334.74
804.01
75.49
39.01
59.20
3.21
0.07
-
3002.69
572.93
1364.24
774.55
101.15
113.96
68.15
7.70
0.01
-
3228.63
700.59
1314.42
738.89
117.28
256.50
74.00
26.44
0.49
0.03
-
3850.10
821.71
1512.79
937.06
140.84
327.15
81.50
25.94
3.07
0.04
-
3742.63
740.66
1430.75
949.85
156.56
346.53
85.54
19.93
12.70
0.11
-
3824.57
768.75
1433.81
989.72
165.32
348.27
82.63
20.14
15.89
0.03
-
3825.96
746.09
1408.46
1029.94
163.43
343.41
93.48
20.75
20.40
-0.02
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.87
2.37
-0.09
-0.50
2.63
11.71
1.32
13.21
-4.38
-
0.85
0.47
0.44
1.47
1.73
1.54
0.55
-1.35
19.04
0.31
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
5644
0.49
297.8
9.36
181.6
142.6
112.1
2281
..
1980
6858
0.44
329.1
9.12
161.1
142.9
114.7
2879
..
1990
9312
0.35
372.3
8.67
127.6
128.7
111.7
3819
..
2000
13025
0.30
426.8
9.02
108.8
107.9
105.4
4876
..
2009
14805
0.25
465.6
8.04
93.0
85.6
96.8
5101
..
2010
15280
0.25
469.6
8.14
92.1
86.1
97.5
5294
..
2011e
15580
0.25
474.0
8.07
90.4
81.9
..
5294
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.99
2.51
-2.06
-1.62
1.32
1.17
-0.45
-0.31
-2.06
-1.62
-0.60
-1.99
-0.02
-0.68
3.08
1.65
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
109.25
427.40
18.09
-
125.74
668.18
41.91
-
81.69
700.52
41.95
-
69.25
751.43
40.91
-
65.60
706.83
36.32
-
90.93
685.71
38.65
-
105.29
683.12
39.56
-
1.18
3.79
7.25
-
-1.61
0.13
-0.40
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
109.07
497.37
36.26
-
123.88
797.81
89.32
-
84.67
878.99
88.81
-
74.85
953.22
87.17
-
71.34
914.04
76.30
-
98.39
895.11
81.23
-
113.67
887.44
83.17
-
1.07
4.02
7.80
-
-1.15
0.58
-0.47
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
OECD AMERICAS
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
2132.77
116.37
1135.96
568.57
75.08
236.66
0.14
2199.46
89.60
1161.21
552.24
100.62
294.32
1.47
2211.11
87.20
1155.40
516.22
58.67
0.48
0.02
389.14
3.98
2649.33
54.60
1350.07
613.62
105.92
0.74
2.12
513.55
8.70
2680.18
50.24
1364.65
565.50
124.99
0.35
2.15
561.26
11.03
2546.05
40.41
1293.81
538.78
123.61
0.31
2.19
535.97
10.96
2619.18
45.70
1321.41
551.55
130.91
0.32
2.15
557.09
10.05
0.21
-1.68
0.10
-0.57
-1.44
2.97
21.94
0.85
-3.18
0.67
0.33
4.09
-2.06
25.00
1.81
4.74
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
651.15
95.50
129.96
279.20
51.20
95.15
0.14
660.71
77.77
154.80
254.56
59.31
112.84
1.43
515.29
72.70
85.46
196.52
24.81
0.00
134.90
0.90
602.59
50.93
59.49
238.38
65.84
0.16
0.00
180.68
7.11
546.49
47.25
68.15
208.98
60.76
0.17
0.01
152.36
8.82
491.97
37.02
61.77
192.36
55.89
0.15
0.01
135.84
8.93
528.19
43.31
66.03
205.46
58.16
0.15
0.01
147.00
8.06
-1.37
-1.59
-2.44
-2.04
-4.17
2.07
11.73
0.12
-2.56
-1.28
0.22
4.35
9.98
0.43
11.59
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
660.16
0.36
634.74
24.06
706.40
0.07
682.18
23.41
803.23
776.04
26.16
974.58
940.07
28.50
1023.06
965.45
27.03
985.61
926.43
24.76
1002.74
936.60
26.74
1.16
1.19
0.49
1.12
0.94
0.11
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.99
390.93
5.16
125.22
170.56
0.74
367.46
2.41
81.86
171.05
1.03
367.81
2.27
54.79
164.07
4.74
1.26
454.10
1.98
62.68
186.93
28.97
1.61
461.93
0.06
46.80
185.46
32.80
1.62
453.26
0.02
46.74
180.44
37.80
1.61
460.56
0.02
45.12
179.12
0.24
-0.36
-4.71
-4.75
-0.23
2.24
1.13
-22.01
-0.97
0.44
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
11.24
78.76
237.74
4.91
79.66
94.02
12.11
100.02
232.80
2.66
54.63
96.77
14.15
0.01
132.51
0.00
261.36
3.47
37.21
99.42
31.42
0.31
2.09
168.68
320.75
1.30
34.75
120.31
31.46
0.05
2.06
196.04
347.75
2.50
34.01
119.38
31.20
0.05
2.10
192.72
0.00
338.64
2.29
28.77
118.51
31.26
0.05
2.08
202.91
337.20
2.17
28.35
116.64
1.36
3.11
0.56
-2.03
-4.38
0.33
4.04
28.35
2.15
1.28
-2.32
-1.35
0.80
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
59.15
140.55
139.82
0.73
78.70
0.04
169.42
0.19
163.17
6.06
0.38
0.01
117.80
3.08
205.80
0.51
175.96
29.34
1.78
0.27
0.02
160.72
1.59
264.66
0.37
225.62
38.67
3.30
0.13
0.07
186.15
2.22
245.25
0.41
220.88
23.96
3.24
0.12
0.09
183.59
2.04
225.39
1.07
202.35
21.96
3.16
0.12
0.06
184.72
1.99
237.51
0.20
214.57
22.73
4.14
2.27
1.36
24.30
11.21
10.02
2.27
-2.16
0.72
-4.43
1.00
-1.27

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD AMERICAS
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
496.5
16.7
-55.3
12.6
672.8
18.8
-98.0
-20.6
835.8
18.6
-127.8
-26.1
824.2
42.4
-82.3
37.4
808.7
37.6
-74.0
-31.7
815.3
38.3
-97.0
12.2
828.0
32.8
-119.2
4.6
3.1
0.6
5.1
-0.1
3.7
-1.4
Primary supply
470.5
572.9
700.6
821.7
740.7
768.8
746.1
2.4
0.5
18.6
-11.1
10.9
22.8
-14.7
0.7
..
-363.9
-468.4
-622.2
-787.6
-683.5
-721.2
..
3.2
0.7

-322.2
-322.2
-0.0
-439.3
-439.3
-0.0
-600.8
-593.8
-7.0
-766.1
-748.6
-17.5
-672.0
-667.4
-4.6
-706.8
-700.3
-6.5
..
..
..
3.7
3.7
51.8
0.8
0.8
-0.4
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.5
0.0
-2.6
-2.6
-2.8
-2.7
..
0.3
-42.2
-28.0
-14.2
-
-29.1
-18.7
-10.4
-
-18.8
-13.2
-5.7
-
-18.9
-13.3
-5.6
-
-8.8
-5.8
-3.0
-
-11.6
-7.5
-4.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
-4.6
-4.3
-5.2
-
-2.4
-2.8
-1.6
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-8.8
-3.7
-2.1
-2.3
-2.0
-2.5
..
-8.2
1.0
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
..
116.4
89.6
87.2
54.6
40.4
45.7
..
-1.7
-3.2
95.5
54.2
11.9
6.0
7.1
16.1
77.8
36.2
11.2
10.5
7.4
12.4
72.7
22.5
12.5
11.9
10.5
15.2
50.9
15.8
9.6
12.7
3.8
9.1
37.0
8.0
6.0
6.9
5.6
10.6
43.3
11.4
6.1
7.5
5.8
12.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.6
-5.0
0.3
4.1
2.3
-0.3
-2.6
-3.3
-3.5
-2.3
-2.9
-1.0
0.4
0.1
..
20.5
4.9
5.2
10.4
11.6
2.7
2.4
6.5
14.0
3.5
2.3
8.3
3.3
1.3
2.0
0.0
2.3
2.3
0.0
0.0
2.2
2.2
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
-2.2
-2.0
-4.7
-1.4
-8.9
-2.3
-22.0
-30.0
0.2
0.5
0.4
1.1
0.2
..
-4.4
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

OECD AMERICAS
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
505.43
426.81
426.79
0.03
0.03
46.43
3.73
10.34
12.00
7.82
12.53
19.19
-
743.62
676.52
669.44
7.08
0.17
54.07
1.71
14.26
12.85
11.38
13.88
15.52
0.26
928.70
893.20
877.71
15.49
1.79
2.39
38.34
1.46
10.51
13.50
4.14
8.74
3.75
0.33
998.22
822.84
816.32
6.52
119.79
1.77
1.20
38.38
0.32
7.23
12.94
6.84
11.04
4.31
0.53
992.01
943.29
938.34
4.95
1.85
1.83
40.22
0.65
7.96
11.30
7.48
12.82
2.87
0.45
895.19
846.12
841.59
4.53
0.54
1.03
32.16
0.47
6.68
7.61
6.22
11.18
2.64
1.22
920.88
886.06
880.97
5.09
1.53
1.28
35.38
0.68
6.84
8.30
6.50
13.07
2.52
0.19
3.27
3.91
3.82
60.08
1.28
-6.32
2.71
0.57
3.17
0.86
-1.75
-
1.07
1.36
1.38
-1.64
10.51
-2.10
-4.49
-3.61
-2.16
-2.76
-0.30
-8.69
-1.49
80.10
76.10
-
43.70
43.65
-
32.07
31.84
-
26.56
2.81
24.11
-
26.76
25.96
-
20.21
19.44
-
24.55
24.69
-
-4.92
-4.53
-
-2.84
-2.81
-
35.78
33.12
33.12
2.46
0.17
2.30
0.20
-
88.38
81.12
80.03
1.10
5.64
1.41
0.23
0.00
0.10
1.08
0.12
0.09
85.48
80.87
79.62
1.25
0.00
5.67
1.59
0.24
0.00
0.10
1.25
0.09
0.14
87.28
81.10
79.04
2.06
0.00
5.39
0.39
0.24
0.01
0.06
0.08
0.06
0.16
80.25
73.04
73.04
0.00
5.30
0.28
0.24
0.04
0.09
-
75.53
68.12
68.12
0.00
5.43
0.29
0.26
0.03
0.01
-
78.44
72.02
69.44
2.57
0.00
5.57
0.30
0.26
0.04
0.01
-
7.83
7.75
7.63
-4.53
-4.60
-6.09
-4.34
-
-0.59
-0.59
-0.71
4.36
-0.06
-7.51
0.49
-15.41
-11.61
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
OECD AMERICAS
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
22.37
10.87
6.04
5.45
18.61
12.53
4.91
1.17
20.88
13.17
4.56
0.28
0.00
2.87
42.44
28.18
6.43
3.20
0.04
4.59
54.19
34.74
6.31
9.43
0.06
3.65
56.12
36.48
5.40
9.80
0.06
4.38
37.65
25.70
3.60
7.44
0.06
0.84
38.29
23.91
4.76
7.38
0.07
2.18
32.76
20.02
5.66
5.05
0.07
1.97
50.81
9.63
40.44
0.04
0.70
127.77
41.27
85.76
0.04
0.70
115.21
35.39
76.80
2.01
1.02
82.32
25.38
54.83
0.73
0.03
1.36
66.21
12.75
47.14
4.40
0.17
1.75
96.48
30.06
58.78
5.63
0.18
1.83
73.99
18.99
49.96
3.48
0.17
1.39
97.03
19.98
71.10
4.40
0.16
1.39
119.20
31.36
82.67
3.82
0.14
1.21

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD AMERICAS
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
17684
17312
18506
19297
41420
59654
45709
44803
37809
6209
5924
-
7150
195
6491
-
5211
122
4497
-
4844
4129
-
6557
1511
4296
-
6523
555
1739
4160
-
3726
334
1136
2241
-
4927
296
1539
3092
-
5855
382
1615
3770
-
x
x
285
x
x
464
x
592
x
715
x
36
714
9
x
60
x
15
x
-
x
88
-
11475
933
49
645
8796
-
10162
35
367
8391
6
13295
22
883
5
9639
-
14451
192
2015
5095
39
34779
2556
1498
19228
164
52999
5829
1083
70
22
14399
515
41847
3981
322
200
9435
214
39733
3818
722
4
10693
84
31814
4076
356
3
230
8783
7
996
x
x
56
539
824
x
x
-
1296
x
277
1173
2994
924
x
1675
1517
236
6928
1282
182
x
92
2071
542
72
21444
3505
70
x
707
141
4012
85
1045
11
22403
3010
815
x
157
59
1177
63
50
19803
2474
1275
x
12
191
560
47
19
14706
1405
1131
x
145
221
679
53
84
132
136
143
140
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD AMERICAS
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
40450
77198
84425
75819
58166
52711
55333
78437
90743
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
36030
1103
5410
1468
560
3069
19925
1173
929
68
265
838
453
409
360
-
65898
3443
6360
281
3823
709
7
13
54
5734
29639
3950
498
2975
98
244
2460
1310
1716
2474
110
67629
5538
3988
292
50
127
4880
708
28
50
6536
26588
2908
3
3975
99
753
3156
866
1957
4355
772
61804
3807
4039
267
715
3233
433
36
127
5054
22688
6615
517
4068
83
188
2313
1161
1895
3831
734
45504
2717
3501
312
288
2782
1211
65
48
56
4467
12937
4947
740
2143
42
198
2331
642
2403
3134
540
41664
239
1528
4034
368
776
1610
2230
57
3672
8446
5497
994
2355
18
163
2029
464
2667
2915
1602
37606
280
1829
2168
283
25
73
388
2057
2032
31
46
2372
7343
6002
692
3487
31
889
219
161
1432
434
127
2125
2132
948
52379
412
1737
3091
215
678
1958
2728
40
59
3402
11387
8009
77
1002
5636
75
2149
260
223
1462
401
37
2914
3044
1383
60295
330
1371
3772
610
729
1797
2565
26
58
136
5067
12922
11110
1010
7153
81
1258
93
470
663
1226
480
3097
2914
1357
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
4420
1942
205
218
200
673
1
914
24
11300
6139
782
457
38
1051
872
588
353
11592
6327
300
357
586
1559
614
580
229
13631
6826
1600
1165
1528
350
400
548
9437
5564
1440
682
22
443
269
184
-
11047
4831
956
1274
706
1078
547
377
207
104
17708
7648
4577
870
692
1869
294
440
417
160
25917
8762
8149
864
1042
2299
812
161
321
109
30448
9844
7264
1069
629
3728
937
683
306
110
243
1020
1040
1214
833
967
741
3398
5878
5204
384
3225
19
141
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD AMERICAS
(thousand tonnes)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
10808
34228
42493
38503
26926
20464
26522
28777
40001
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
10341
27
8782
309
38
528
22
243
356
27
5
4
30501
1
712
8508
2286
1208
978
595
1138
7
335
421
3633
2847
2489
44
2793
143
626
786
230
8
275
283
155
36299
1
2178
10083
394
3321
1758
384
15
1322
530
4451
4007
719
188
3982
1
62
1386
282
21
15
1005
194
34885
950
4541
207
1905
530
621
1648
829
562
3449
6179
3800
3015
25
1562
2111
8
191
2705
47
25449
429
13524
48
70
564
522
456
79
4425
2275
373
643
74
343
441
55
1016
112
18313
411
13625
256
66
28
133
23
962
749
341
829
143
71
67
361
248
24226
24
602
7447
662
218
71
1111
729
152
217
2404
3767
752
2682
801
149
1
2344
93
24129
105
367
7245
1097
73
166
1080
935
47
613
2180
4192
1378
1699
65
531
182
374
275
220
1219
86
33393
302
1470
2432
1607
146
145
2078
2394
86
1004
2655
7111
1920
3993
11
129
798
521
153
169
422
3800
47
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
95
11
1
82
1
3727
78
506
2575
176
110
2
4967
177
108
3820
682
128
5
3616
153
2033
1
271
1099
-
923
22
9
825
1
-
1948
693
3
217
844
63
13
-
2161
6
962
255
2
1
630
159
1
4648
118
2938
1
146
171
1044
120
77
6608
314
2182
1
144
635
2292
463
1
280
47
59
66
115
145
33
576
372
1227
554
203
135
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
1978(1)
OECD ASIA OCEANIA*

1400
250
1200
200
1000
150
800
600
100
400
50
200
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

400
400
350
350
300
300
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
Other use
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Coal/population
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
Coal
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
592.50
128.34
429.59
12.54
5.04
3.61
11.52
1.86
-0.01
-
674.49
144.83
431.60
42.55
5.91
32.04
15.01
2.56
0.03
-0.02
-
918.55
200.89
491.06
93.67
14.92
94.99
16.34
4.36
2.31
-0.06
0.05
1215.06
277.93
579.10
152.84
19.14
160.46
16.23
7.21
2.27
-0.18
0.05
1237.49
324.19
496.11
208.78
23.26
159.16
14.12
8.10
4.07
-0.46
0.15
1303.85
354.94
506.17
227.58
24.35
162.63
15.12
8.77
4.59
-0.49
0.18
1254.09
340.86
508.32
258.35
23.56
93.79
15.72
8.89
4.85
-0.52
0.26
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.61
2.67
0.79
12.55
6.59
21.20
2.08
5.15
13.01
-
1.77
2.89
0.15
4.54
2.48
2.72
-0.39
3.56
3.50
11.42
5.98

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
2364
0.25
162.9
3.64
127.8
110.2
85.1
572
..
1980
2992
0.23
177.0
3.81
114.9
98.2
87.5
740
..
1990
4744
0.19
191.7
4.79
98.7
85.9
85.8
1148
..
2000
5805
0.21
203.4
5.97
106.7
97.2
99.9
1629
..
2009
6491
0.19
210.2
5.89
97.2
101.4
100.1
1838
..
2010
6756
0.19
210.8
6.18
98.4
106.6
102.8
1952
..
2011e
6787
0.18
210.9
5.95
94.2
101.9
..
1908
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
4.18
1.78
-1.51
-0.02
0.96
0.48
1.63
1.28
-1.51
-0.02
-1.45
1.08
0.05
0.91
4.19
2.69
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
44.87
42.82
9.73
-
63.09
93.04
14.72
-
102.24
122.17
21.10
-
127.32
144.95
23.76
-
128.16
175.49
24.26
-
160.81
159.84
24.30
-
144.34
167.59
23.44
-
2.88
6.68
3.51
-
4.79
2.74
2.54
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
46.34
60.93
30.66
-
65.21
120.98
46.45
-
105.06
148.88
67.90
-
130.80
179.07
71.21
-
131.71
214.72
72.74
-
165.27
193.85
72.82
-
148.35
203.17
70.24
-
2.89
5.88
3.52
-
4.76
2.39
2.27
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
429.33
52.37
302.31
7.70
4.99
61.92
0.04
459.12
57.60
298.95
16.21
5.64
0.03
80.56
0.15
626.37
70.60
379.55
37.69
10.33
0.35
2.31
125.26
0.29
809.58
58.38
482.13
69.18
13.21
0.59
2.18
178.44
5.47
813.08
60.65
432.84
92.49
13.39
0.64
2.49
203.02
7.56
804.64
54.20
434.54
92.64
13.00
0.66
2.45
200.03
7.12
835.53
59.80
438.02
99.54
14.08
0.66
2.59
213.82
7.02
2.25
1.77
1.35
9.80
4.37
4.23
12.32
1.45
-0.83
0.72
4.98
1.56
3.15
0.57
2.71
17.37
185.18
35.20
102.88
4.26
2.13
40.71
-
175.36
39.16
76.29
8.31
3.17
48.43
-
209.43
55.69
73.85
15.09
6.80
0.16
57.84
-
239.45
55.86
71.58
23.49
9.92
0.19
75.37
3.04
226.68
56.79
48.94
30.87
10.04
0.21
0.00
75.55
4.28
215.75
50.82
48.50
30.58
9.38
0.22
0.00
72.39
3.86
233.03
56.42
48.17
33.23
10.17
0.21
0.00
81.50
3.34
0.73
2.74
-1.93
7.72
7.06
2.09
-
0.54
0.07
-2.11
4.03
2.03
1.42
1.73
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
84.68
0.33
82.62
-
113.22
0.01
111.17
0.01
160.87
0.11
158.24
0.10
210.42
0.13
207.03
0.44
206.19
0.19
200.85
1.60
203.61
0.18
197.73
1.89
205.91
0.18
199.70
2.08
3.85
-6.54
3.90
-
1.24
2.63
1.17
16.65
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.73
47.65
15.17
13.98
2.24
2.03
60.63
16.84
15.88
5.62
2.42
87.07
12.64
23.27
13.97
2.83
109.29
0.87
31.00
25.60
0.45
3.09
115.24
1.53
25.05
29.09
0.65
3.16
114.92
1.31
24.40
29.25
0.83
3.12
120.88
1.25
25.87
30.47
2.01
3.61
-1.07
3.04
11.37
1.27
1.65
-10.94
0.53
3.98
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.86
13.40
32.48
1.56
24.66
0.85
2.43
0.03
19.83
37.53
1.59
24.45
1.61
3.45
0.01
2.24
31.44
0.04
84.89
1.58
43.47
6.93
3.05
0.01
2.14
45.03
1.57
122.94
1.00
50.54
16.90
2.33
0.01
2.45
52.63
2.14
134.50
0.89
33.85
28.57
2.26
0.01
2.41
53.04
2.25
132.10
0.84
31.85
28.60
2.24
0.01
2.54
55.94
2.55
134.53
0.82
29.85
31.20
1.11
5.15
5.81
0.06
3.39
13.16
-2.13
1.12
0.63
2.92
22.54
2.33
-3.20
-1.86
7.82
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
5.38
0.04
58.67
58.35
0.32
0.03
9.70
0.15
50.34
49.71
0.63
0.08
0.13
0.07
32.41
0.24
66.55
0.57
64.44
1.54
0.24
0.24
0.04
53.11
0.87
106.32
0.50
103.15
2.66
0.56
0.27
0.04
69.17
1.14
112.95
1.19
109.46
2.30
0.70
0.28
0.04
68.77
1.02
120.03
1.01
116.77
2.25
0.83
0.29
0.05
70.36
1.13
122.29
1.07
118.72
2.50
11.14
11.22
0.74
0.59
9.66
12.73
4.17
-1.72
3.95
8.00
3.09
3.19
3.10
2.45

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
94.4
59.6
-26.0
0.3
103.1
75.0
-41.9
8.7
170.8
130.8
-98.3
-2.4
245.5
203.6
-177.7
6.6
327.9
245.7
-244.7
-4.8
344.9
279.7
-274.8
5.0
335.4
279.9
-266.1
-8.4
3.5
4.7
8.1
3.6
3.9
5.3
Primary supply
128.3
144.8
200.9
277.9
324.2
354.9
340.9
2.7
2.9
-2.5
-2.3
3.4
1.7
3.5
-9.3
..
-68.7
-79.1
-127.6
-214.4
-265.9
-277.0
..
3.7
4.0

-37.8
-37.8
-0.1
-45.2
-40.9
-4.3
-89.7
-78.7
-11.0
-177.5
-161.2
-16.3
-232.2
-214.1
-18.1
-238.4
-218.4
-20.0
..
..
..
5.2
4.4
36.1
5.0
5.2
3.0
Autoproducers
Gas works
3.7
5.2
-0.3
-0.2
0.1
0.0
..
-34.7
-0.2
-27.1
-5.8
-1.5
-39.1
-0.2
-23.7
-14.5
-0.6
-37.5
-0.1
-31.1
-1.6
-4.8
-36.7
-0.0
-35.2
-0.6
-0.9
-33.8
-0.0
-30.3
-3.6
-
-38.7
-0.0
-37.2
-1.4
-
..
..
..
..
..
0.5
-5.3
0.8
-7.3
6.9
0.1
-4.7
0.9
-0.6
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-4.6
-5.5
-6.1
-6.8
-7.6
-8.8
..
1.7
1.9
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
-0.1
-0.3
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
52.4
57.6
70.6
58.4
54.2
59.8
..
1.8
-0.8
35.2
26.9
0.4
0.9
0.3
6.7
39.2
27.3
0.8
5.9
0.5
4.7
55.7
21.0
4.3
11.9
1.9
16.5
55.9
21.3
4.4
12.1
2.3
15.8
50.8
22.1
4.4
9.8
2.2
12.3
56.4
25.2
4.7
10.0
2.2
14.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
2.7
-1.4
15.3
16.4
10.8
5.5
0.1
0.9
0.4
-0.9
0.6
-0.7
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
..
-6.5
2.6
16.8
1.6
15.2
0.1
18.4
1.6
16.8
-
14.2
1.6
12.6
0.0
1.9
1.0
0.9
0.0
2.2
0.8
1.3
0.0
2.1
0.8
1.2
0.1
..
..
..
..
-1.0
0.1
-1.1
-11.4
-9.1
-3.2
-10.9
8.0
0.6
0.5
1.0
1.1
..
3.2
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

OECD ASIA OCEANIA

Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
57.24
30.57
30.21
0.36
18.64
0.13
0.19
7.37
1.46
0.34
1.88
0.35
3.34
1.49
-
132.00
80.92
75.93
4.99
20.81
6.53
25.17
2.05
2.63
12.63
2.25
5.62
1.04
0.02
217.00
165.65
157.93
7.72
2.41
12.13
32.46
3.42
3.92
13.30
2.64
9.18
1.05
-
264.07
221.09
209.80
11.29
2.01
12.41
0.80
28.42
4.81
4.21
12.29
2.73
4.37
1.01
-
289.43
235.34
223.43
11.91
2.29
11.28
0.82
29.56
4.91
4.39
12.64
2.70
4.93
0.99
-
278.35
239.43
226.94
12.49
1.94
10.20
0.55
25.93
4.05
4.19
10.88
2.65
4.16
0.94
-
299.18
245.47
232.17
13.29
1.86
13.37
0.70
26.90
4.59
4.53
11.02
2.60
4.16
0.92
-
7.21
8.45
7.98
24.49
0.92
38.86
10.78
2.86
18.50
17.23
16.65
4.45
-2.95
-
4.18
5.71
5.75
5.02
-11.38
3.65
0.33
4.12
2.76
-0.68
0.73
-1.50
-0.64
-
67.95
64.35
4.45
0.12
0.06
0.01
0.04
0.01
-
82.84
77.00
5.25
-
81.30
67.15
13.97
-
81.99
67.67
15.92
-
85.75
67.45
16.37
0.33
0.33
-
77.00
62.33
14.75
0.32
0.26
0.00
0.06
-
89.10
69.01
19.19
0.23
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.01
-
1.67
1.51
-
0.36
-0.55
6.69
-
30.64
27.32
26.32
0.99
2.85
0.42
0.03
0.00
0.30
0.10
0.05
-
46.45
44.45
43.37
1.08
1.78
0.21
0.03
0.00
0.18
0.06
-
67.90
66.81
65.52
1.29
0.96
0.17
0.17
0.08
-
71.21
68.54
68.35
0.19
1.00
0.21
0.00
0.21
0.06
-
70.59
70.16
69.71
0.45
0.68
0.26
0.00
0.25
0.05
-
72.74
72.76
72.29
0.46
0.60
0.21
0.00
0.21
0.03
-
72.81
72.00
71.55
0.45
0.48
0.20
0.00
0.19
0.06
-
3.53
4.14
4.25
0.72
-3.84
-5.76
-1.23
-3.32
5.52
0.90
-
2.27
2.44
2.53
-4.28
-6.39
-0.30
2.05
0.32
-0.35
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
54.88
1.59
53.19
0.10
130.83
50.21
79.50
0.60
0.51
167.86
86.52
79.14
1.59
0.61
203.55
124.27
73.02
3.67
2.60
238.15
158.56
73.71
2.78
3.10
263.25
180.23
78.29
2.62
2.12
245.74
171.90
70.15
2.99
0.69
279.71
191.76
82.52
3.78
1.65
279.93
192.73
82.76
3.11
1.34
35.25
4.25
29.83
1.17
98.34
39.96
55.92
2.46
131.47
54.64
72.93
3.91
177.72
77.02
98.02
2.68
219.77
94.23
123.85
1.68
237.73
101.09
135.70
0.95
244.67
119.71
123.85
0.05
1.07
274.75
118.82
155.26
0.67
266.09
126.38
138.72
0.01
0.98

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
55041
113643
134646
180275
225168
267504
279246
316523
317009
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
52885
25299
11304
398
429
10406
11
77367
33741
19321
14729
401
76223
39558
13316
10275
225
76950
39880
13007
7541
298
76656
45398
9389
2841
367
77157
45338
6818
1348
253
72993
46333
7418
2018
138
85840
53126
8311
4452
164
86072
45848
11893
9803
364
420
2360
2244
x
x
14
1211
103
5086
2775
x
x
-
2802
153
668
3055
x
6150
21
5327
52
4629
3437
x
2741
38
9555
5886
603
x
2498
27
92
9832
9850
25
x
3668
25
2829
10
10654
180
x
3376
31
6
3480
48
11360
95
x
4784
20
2437
24
11501
x
4184
18
2156
668
105
1
-
36276
19238
2249
1980
14
58423
24852
8170
5751
138
103325
43431
11604
1
7780
319
148512
67166
9944
2396
637
190347
87988
5073
1270
568
206253
100006
9550
966
283
230683
105324
12078
2625
346
230937
108616
10548
1528
-
513
157
149
x
x
563
2427
306
5508
1020
x
x
157
3377
3504
94
806
7057
x
3402
150
4499
13065
56
8323
6493
x
3189
1496
7568
33751
14185
3448
x
5497
1079
10409
33062
35329
51
x
10309
21
15
2401
14260
12835
2572
54946
5066
x
12257
3523
4249
10282
4335
64006
5691
x
17073
3454
5469
7159
6063
62471
7069
x
22185
2815
2483
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
31085
49698
58086
75625
100712
127245
127272
159566
142568
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
29188
374
32
1173
191
1319
22651
1330
10
992
593
469
54
42067
16
64
2106
2055
29559
3064
1380
1186
516
2121
-
44002
1054
200
1917
25
1181
28579
4944
713
694
702
912
3081
-
54258
1524
466
2310
204
2752
30774
9032
703
129
896
535
1608
3325
-
73658
1833
463
3739
2619
2914
39174
10358
666
2194
1767
992
1451
5488
-
83834
1881
555
392
3895
1746
14
129
2527
44962
12457
588
5652
2470
1226
720
4451
169
72553
1573
337
366
1488
1376
147
1502
42217
13049
478
3495
620
992
1712
3201
-
81628
1034
389
76
2506
1160
55
1559
48462
15864
336
3342
1069
1486
909
3381
-
77522
1314
413
68
2560
1275
1621
42604
16443
254
3837
1721
1223
736
3453
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1897
164
981
32
675
45
7631
958
192
1990
312
2042
595
688
35
688
13748
1291
560
2798
323
4844
2256
454
300
734
20033
3448
211
3851
459
9555
710
597
384
818
25293
4988
174
6273
10588
1554
595
1051
36950
3094
4193
7091
353
17442
46
2807
784
737
48351
4194
14789
2659
142
24279
74
1224
276
571
71427
4234
27282
5357
324
31377
1434
603
671
59564
2882
15716
8050
30915
967
608
356
131
188
70
403
143
145
70
336
1334
1761
6461
6368
6511
5482
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
5533
39339
45647
62413
87804
107418
136579
135475
144101
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
4809
150
682
458
1489
320
932
778
29593
771
99
2557
508
591
125
577
226
15326
5453
2464
455
441
-
38304
129
120
1149
934
125
133
528
26569
3633
4236
205
155
29
328
31
51291
1116
1023
1076
276
61
121
695
366
34556
9662
1562
264
110
44
25
142
192
70501
428
1301
142
434
72
110
284
2623
428
47449
11455
2550
16
1445
83
55
1499
127
85460
17
412
469
115
568
1165
141
57574
17970
4238
760
56
671
164
45
993
102
99351
23
54
151
1428
672
62577
30142
2176
934
93
310
277
376
138
95691
309
66
516
66413
24840
3109
126
59
73
13
167
98650
691
501
66961
28273
1703
58
145
318
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
204
76
128
8082
2189
3761
93
2039
7343
158
2443
3046
47
33
1616
11122
3420
5920
110
1672
17303
1429
10034
2469
72
3299
21958
33
2121
14329
1461
4014
37155
4
9301
20302
70
827
221
6430
39665
20
15189
19553
610
4293
45404
41
17841
20124
495
2
6901
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
520
1664
73
119
47

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD EUROPE*
3000
120
2500
100
2000
80
1500
60
1000
40
500
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

4000
4500
3500
4000
Other use
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Coal/population
OECD EUROPE
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1964.92
607.73
1046.31
192.47
44.27
27.69
42.06
3.62
0.07
0.71
-
2134.63
662.60
983.46
294.44
50.97
85.79
51.07
4.30
0.07
1.92
-
2313.53
642.09
865.51
371.33
77.61
293.10
54.83
6.76
0.41
1.86
0.03
2495.62
472.66
928.37
561.48
101.00
349.79
67.30
10.35
3.81
0.21
0.65
2490.89
405.38
863.14
625.14
166.24
329.21
63.21
15.61
20.83
1.46
0.64
2594.25
428.27
862.11
664.08
186.90
341.23
68.26
16.29
24.57
1.79
0.76
2498.46
428.90
833.18
601.29
187.25
336.71
61.98
17.42
30.37
0.62
0.74
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.97
0.32
-1.11
3.94
3.36
14.89
1.57
3.74
11.14
5.88
-
0.57
-2.00
-0.02
2.95
4.49
0.76
1.10
4.50
22.66
-0.19
18.04

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
7052
0.28
455.0
4.32
155.7
273.2
93.8
1618
57.2
1980
8355
0.26
473.8
4.51
142.8
251.4
100.8
2049
64.4
1990
10651
0.22
500.1
4.63
121.4
191.1
103.2
2662
78.0
2000
13396
0.19
521.7
4.78
104.1
111.9
99.7
3225
94.0
2009
15106
0.16
549.3
4.53
92.2
85.1
96.6
3454
93.4
2010
15458
0.17
551.8
4.70
93.8
87.8
99.1
3608
99.9
2011e
15732
0.16
553.1
4.52
88.8
86.4
..
3551
103.6
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.45
1.88
-1.45
-1.28
0.56
0.49
0.41
0.08
-1.45
-1.28
-2.08
-3.81
0.56
-0.20
2.97
1.53
1.84
1.24
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
136.40
278.59
177.75
2.30
92.69
224.43
203.31
5.52
44.80
129.46
133.28
3.32
37.08
109.82
131.34
4.67
24.80
87.50
132.59
4.38
25.90
84.60
130.82
4.47
24.39
83.22
136.77
3.70
-3.17
-1.79
1.13
7.57
-6.18
-4.76
-2.18
-1.05
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
141.07
347.05
585.45
8.05
93.45
283.08
672.62
16.41
45.21
163.77
446.19
10.32
37.30
139.67
451.79
13.95
25.31
111.69
443.78
12.81
26.19
107.79
429.76
13.57
24.64
105.62
450.55
11.19
-3.37
-1.68
1.16
6.11
-6.16
-4.71
-2.21
-0.94

IEA/OECD, 2012
OECD EUROPE
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
1460.02
264.40
824.60
135.85
40.36
0.51
164.90
29.41
1543.73
222.69
787.76
229.74
43.56
0.73
0.01
209.93
49.31
1604.55
179.16
739.94
287.63
64.94
2.00
0.25
274.02
56.61
1750.85
88.80
811.60
383.24
74.26
2.61
0.95
332.97
56.43
1838.60
79.89
805.53
400.34
97.31
3.19
2.11
382.60
67.62
1747.46
69.02
765.27
376.18
101.48
3.92
2.18
363.90
65.51
1818.30
77.36
764.51
401.70
113.05
4.20
2.50
381.75
73.24
0.56
-2.26
-0.64
4.51
2.84
8.40
3.03
3.93
0.63
-4.11
0.16
1.68
2.81
3.79
12.29
1.67
1.30
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
532.35
130.29
214.72
74.30
7.03
0.04
90.59
15.38
509.18
112.14
167.06
95.66
8.39
0.04
105.28
20.62
460.50
101.31
82.61
110.94
20.61
0.07
0.01
124.65
20.29
463.06
66.31
76.35
140.90
24.75
0.09
0.14
140.77
13.76
444.24
50.93
61.81
123.93
31.94
0.04
0.18
152.80
22.61
388.45
40.40
52.85
109.80
31.16
0.04
0.00
132.54
21.67
422.79
46.14
51.06
125.95
34.67
0.05
0.01
142.00
22.90
-0.85
-1.47
-5.46
2.39
6.53
3.16
1.90
1.64
-0.43
-3.86
-2.38
0.64
2.63
-1.69
1.27
0.65
0.61
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
248.48
9.79
233.60
0.22
297.93
3.63
287.60
0.81
379.22
0.31
370.85
0.43
452.84
0.01
441.86
0.92
489.19
0.02
463.57
3.29
478.44
0.02
450.02
3.10
476.61
0.02
445.50
3.57
2.52
-18.44
2.76
3.99
1.15
-13.62
0.92
11.10
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
4.86
345.93
89.20
144.63
33.12
0.00
5.89
366.81
71.99
116.48
71.78
0.01
7.63
400.85
52.80
94.19
105.76
1.02
9.03
431.06
16.84
89.59
155.46
13.56
8.75
451.60
20.26
73.42
173.39
16.85
8.45
446.07
21.68
67.14
169.26
18.92
8.60
467.10
24.61
66.94
175.02
5.41
2.69
0.87
-3.04
-2.49
7.07
46.78
0.60
0.77
-3.74
-1.69
2.55
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
26.32
0.42
41.18
11.07
136.43
22.02
82.12
5.07
28.45
0.64
0.01
58.03
19.42
149.71
24.44
72.12
13.02
40.24
1.39
0.18
78.50
27.79
157.92
18.10
39.86
37.21
44.67
1.92
0.64
94.24
27.70
179.20
2.10
33.89
50.61
47.03
2.43
1.69
108.28
25.10
219.98
3.53
32.26
64.01
48.06
3.13
1.88
109.03
25.90
217.25
3.53
29.63
63.08
53.63
3.49
2.06
112.21
29.14
229.65
2.54
29.96
68.65
2.53
7.34
3.87
5.56
0.86
-1.15
-4.16
12.44
1.45
4.72
12.90
1.80
0.24
1.89
-9.35
-1.42
3.11
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.16
0.02
24.88
1.17
115.96
4.42
104.62
6.92
1.50
0.02
35.58
3.03
128.83
3.08
107.96
17.79
0.58
0.17
0.02
56.74
5.23
142.67
2.44
119.96
20.28
1.88
0.20
0.07
81.93
8.53
160.39
1.57
138.57
20.25
2.42
0.31
0.15
104.57
12.72
164.76
2.43
144.12
18.22
2.79
0.33
0.18
105.93
11.78
154.01
1.45
136.62
15.94
2.92
0.47
0.27
110.93
13.91
161.83
1.86
142.40
17.58
-3.94
14.06
4.97
9.23
1.23
-3.45
0.81
6.53
8.38
5.16
12.98
3.41
5.01
0.63
-1.35
0.86
-0.71

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD EUROPE
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
579.5
97.9
-77.5
7.9
608.9
143.1
-75.1
-14.3
525.9
169.5
-60.5
7.2
310.9
196.2
-48.0
13.7
249.3
204.6
-33.8
-14.7
245.8
209.2
-36.7
10.0
248.1
219.3
-32.2
-6.3
-0.6
3.3
-1.4
-3.7
1.1
-2.5
Primary supply
607.7
662.6
642.1
472.7
405.4
428.3
428.9
0.3
-2.0
5.1
-7.5
-12.2
0.5
-0.2
-3.0
..
-321.5
-411.9
-436.1
-372.9
-327.1
-337.7
..
1.8
-1.3

-279.3
-258.3
-21.1
-365.1
-305.8
-59.3
-394.4
-344.4
-50.1
-335.3
-315.4
-19.9
-301.5
-287.5
-14.0
-305.5
-289.0
-16.5
..
..
..
2.1
1.7
5.2
-1.3
-0.9
-5.4
Autoproducers
Gas works
11.5
2.5
2.4
0.1
-0.2
-0.2
..
-8.9
-53.7
2.4
-38.6
-18.2
0.8
-49.4
1.6
-37.7
-14.0
0.7
-43.8
-1.5
-33.0
-9.9
0.7
-37.2
-0.2
-30.1
-7.0
0.1
-24.4
0.0
-20.5
-3.9
0.0
-30.9
-0.0
-25.4
-5.5
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
-1.2
-0.9
-3.5
-1.0
-1.7
-19.5
-1.3
-2.9
-15.5
-0.3
-0.5
-1.0
-1.1
..
7.5
Energy ind. own use
-21.7
-18.5
-13.4
-10.3
-8.0
-8.8
..
-2.8
-2.1
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-5.2
-2.0
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0
-1.3
..
264.4
222.7
179.2
88.8
69.0
77.4
..
-2.3
-4.1
130.3
52.7
14.3
14.3
4.2
44.9
112.1
42.8
12.9
16.3
3.4
36.8
101.3
39.2
11.4
18.0
3.8
29.0
66.3
27.2
4.3
11.3
2.3
21.2
40.4
16.9
4.3
6.7
1.6
10.8
46.1
20.9
5.3
6.9
1.6
11.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.5
-1.7
-1.3
1.4
-0.5
-2.5
-3.9
-3.1
-3.8
-4.6
-4.2
-4.6
9.8
3.6
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-18.4
-13.6
119.9
22.0
89.2
8.7
103.8
24.4
72.0
7.4
75.1
18.1
52.8
4.2
20.9
2.1
16.8
2.0
27.2
3.5
21.7
2.0
29.3
2.5
24.6
2.2
..
..
..
..
-2.7
-1.1
-3.0
-4.2
-4.6
-9.3
-3.7
-3.2
4.4
3.1
2.4
1.6
1.4
1.9
..
-3.4
-1.4

IEA/OECD, 2012

OECD EUROPE
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
366.47
256.93
207.55
49.38
6.90
2.28
0.01
1.63
40.00
4.59
3.18
13.49
0.84
17.90
50.74
0.08
366.41
284.28
246.53
37.75
2.94
0.09
3.58
0.41
40.58
4.32
5.71
16.54
2.21
11.82
31.36
0.05
283.50
229.31
219.42
9.88
0.87
7.32
32.21
4.10
3.06
10.04
1.85
13.16
15.54
0.11
292.67
237.91
228.86
9.05
0.47
7.71
29.75
5.18
3.29
6.34
1.71
13.23
15.33
0.24
278.04
220.91
211.97
8.94
0.40
7.64
24.60
4.01
3.73
7.89
1.53
7.45
22.61
0.29
247.78
198.75
192.26
6.49
0.37
4.56
19.43
2.89
3.37
5.45
1.33
6.39
22.32
0.14
261.05
204.78
197.49
7.29
0.37
0.25
8.25
21.32
3.64
4.11
5.47
1.30
6.81
24.49
0.22
-0.00
0.85
1.44
-2.21
-6.86
-23.82
72.95
-10.93
0.12
-0.52
5.00
1.71
8.39
-3.40
-3.93
-3.32
-1.68
-1.63
-1.10
-7.89
-9.83
5.50
4.26
-3.17
-0.85
-1.63
-5.38
-2.63
-2.72
-1.23
7.55
145.14
7.14
6.19
0.95
135.41
2.46
0.14
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.27
-
129.45
18.23
14.32
3.91
107.92
1.45
0.26
1.98
1.63
0.01
0.34
0.14
-
92.81
13.37
10.17
3.20
73.13
1.78
2.65
0.24
0.00
0.02
2.39
0.10
0.23
81.81
12.70
10.73
1.97
64.90
2.81
0.80
0.23
0.01
0.55
0.13
0.22
83.64
10.49
8.76
1.73
68.90
2.80
0.67
0.50
0.02
0.16
0.19
0.22
63.57
7.70
6.71
0.98
52.53
1.99
1.58
0.66
0.02
0.01
0.88
0.28
0.14
71.86
5.14
4.21
0.93
63.40
2.25
1.58
1.03
0.00
0.55
0.18
0.18
-0.95
8.12
7.23
12.52
-1.87
-17.08
24.49
57.52
13.00
8.10
-5.56
-
-2.90
-6.13
-5.94
-6.91
-2.63
2.21
-1.11
-2.29
-5.72
2.51
1.45
-
585.58
355.04
339.04
16.00
134.01
6.40
47.82
0.93
14.32
1.57
4.04
26.97
32.65
0.83
685.98
486.46
459.94
26.53
108.37
0.88
3.48
41.87
1.37
10.67
1.63
2.01
26.19
41.19
0.58
454.62
415.27
409.03
6.24
12.15
1.39
1.97
13.98
0.22
3.13
0.72
0.47
9.45
8.91
0.17
455.15
421.29
415.26
6.03
12.42
1.98
2.32
8.85
0.09
2.99
0.55
0.43
4.80
7.20
0.12
453.15
418.33
412.05
6.28
12.84
2.20
2.74
8.55
0.07
2.00
0.81
0.36
5.32
7.24
0.04
442.76
404.39
398.95
5.44
12.22
2.79
2.42
10.07
0.06
2.86
0.59
0.42
6.14
8.63
0.09
431.48
392.20
385.21
6.98
13.34
3.09
2.59
11.81
0.20
3.23
0.72
0.26
7.40
8.55
0.09
1.33
2.66
2.57
4.30
-1.75
-4.95
-1.10
3.32
-2.42
0.30
-5.65
-0.24
1.96
-2.94
-2.29
-1.07
-0.88
-6.46
-9.95
6.50
-1.46
-6.13
-9.22
-5.80
-4.00
-9.76
-6.12
-7.56
-8.95
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
OECD EUROPE
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
108.62
46.33
40.54
0.60
4.69
16.47
169.50
94.14
56.94
0.79
5.13
0.10
12.39
165.58
96.04
53.59
0.70
3.24
0.13
11.87
196.18
122.53
56.69
0.63
1.89
0.10
14.35
228.00
159.92
53.94
0.86
0.57
0.14
12.56
242.47
168.39
59.39
0.97
0.86
0.23
12.61
204.59
153.98
40.61
0.89
0.70
0.23
8.17
209.22
144.07
52.01
0.80
0.57
0.16
11.61
219.30
158.20
49.78
0.61
0.58
0.16
9.98
90.65
30.61
35.17
4.33
0.01
20.53
60.54
22.45
19.56
0.04
4.33
0.12
14.03
53.81
23.74
18.19
0.00
2.96
0.07
8.86
48.05
28.49
9.76
0.04
1.31
0.08
8.37
41.70
25.57
6.47
0.03
0.65
0.06
8.91
39.50
21.53
5.87
0.04
0.86
0.02
11.19
33.76
18.04
5.88
0.00
0.69
0.02
9.13
36.72
19.22
5.44
0.00
0.63
0.04
11.39
32.19
16.19
4.39
0.01
0.64
0.03
10.93

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
OECD EUROPE
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
106042
158186
173917
169983
201950
238778
220357
218171
232416
40078
4497
294
909
10550
6190
79
8745
105
52224
9734
1107
695
5219
5025
87
22793
285
55546
10043
2812
774
3141
2570
65
28433
80
52723
13043
4176
2985
37
6573
21067
391
56071
21757
7072
3388
2
3125
16901
31
52941
20330
6743
3366
289
3253
6
13914
187
40514
11126
3011
3968
15
2313
2
15223
548
51903
16943
3708
3663
1
1821
4
20838
92
49666
15225
4027
3542
15
2297
19878
136
206
3005
x
x
5498
50
256
1441
x
x
5532
1
24
46
158
x
2419
4980
12
85
214
206
x
526
990
2418
2
140
441
388
x
2327
26
418
53
-
279
193
295
x
2668
520
872
26
271
454
x
1853
629
599
502
3
762
574
x
2686
79
187
37
505
855
40
515
x
2125
264
204
543
53202
2955
816
243
6716
15647
2285
499
986
92246
11160
1435
462
3526
15429
2394
16541
2700
105795
9790
832
327
2123
13084
2423
20504
3515
109320
7478
307
1685
834
15832
713
20460
1716
141281
9416
12
2443
470
18887
593
4724
3673
184471
7428
807
1416
641
15487
297
2331
2854
178342
4429
556
1971
491
7397
288
10963
4679
165044
3504
859
2887
625
10510
304
11598
3803
181542
3148
1253
3153
514
5628
169
18917
3059
21
10814
2863
x
x
9357
236
1544
26339
1895
x
x
8585
2783
9060
194
26099
x
6464
1475
7122
2307
11231
3197
32967
x
7376
647
1831
364
375
1887
22500
8657
42839
x
15490
845
3081
560
5204
1895
26596
14813
52875
x
49208
2857
1142
213
3611
862
34612
12981
31135
x
60344
2331
714
10
4579
287
37801
10178
18848
x
53432
2207
820
24
7357
134
50415
10034
17667
x
56889
3377
906
22
6257
12762
13716
12576
7940
4598
1366
1501
1224
1208

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD EUROPE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
35537
25596
19781
18218
9747
6663
5916
5491
4429
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
25095
1283
2383
6331
154
54
4005
804
286
1426
125
122
5126
1826
387
18
89
573
103
15893
1582
1572
2680
241
8
2439
851
134
125
4183
637
254
5
1182
-
11025
1351
858
203
1697
144
3
1017
573
52
3681
649
3
794
-
11983
2
1897
559
871
9
534
634
362
1
1287
3
3
18
10
995
156
896
117
2657
58
310
3
178
421
2
8106
1844
1
214
717
108
1061
1010
4
323
53
538
1570
65
494
100
4
-
6172
1514
20
523
13
30
397
449
1
295
48
592
1909
99
212
70
5601
1330
36
625
42
60
391
5
1155
1587
68
302
-
5361
1312
16
720
16
152
502
733
1832
78
-
4249
866
16
1017
2
150
298
2
451
1447
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
2491
15
520
5
-
3862
861
4
861
-
4676
1249
100
284
100
1249
-
6157
790
48
217
-
1641
143
529
62
2
2
-
489
355
-
210
10
1
130
1
180
1
1951
2136
1694
5102
903
134
199
129
179
7951
5841
4080
78
105
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
OECD EUROPE
(thousand tonnes)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
33590
31963
25277
28036
32165
29472
19597
21664
18232
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
25347
275
2633
274
4161
4095
6035
3171
1
540
1530
52
938
167
15
237
21
244
90
74
149
645
23616
1
1001
1373
1378
3454
2461
1975
4042
15
21
1287
1211
107
1282
286
179
79
389
1666
287
1122
-
20776
1
1216
1471
2282
1387
2815
1167
4942
18
793
600
61
3
1341
339
1
186
198
275
864
52
764
-
22161
12
1050
1414
1874
3214
2559
1152
5655
1
374
20
686
307
50
617
311
304
151
404
2
129
809
11
1054
1
31217
1643
610
864
2382
3
1228
2415
15884
2
322
7
468
923
164
363
603
117
5
1217
12
441
172
20
1351
1
28935
2182
864
19
719
1154
963
3115
13364
144
321
44
596
5
258
38
651
495
127
437
722
10
58
208
8
66
2314
53
19280
1975
201
8
829
307
224
1941
7940
150
51
568
1234
162
556
235
758
265
544
3
207
75
74
176
790
7
20940
1447
607
46
685
803
190
1909
8802
158
56
604
1172
50
370
461
1387
245
449
4
52
311
29
218
876
9
17675
23
1362
258
45
812
258
52
721
7024
66
89
54
477
846
80
156
423
2023
190
559
1
54
294
602
17
1164
25
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
85
31
-
1636
13
77
3
188
722
10
3
1
1
16
375
-
4980
37
1
-
908
2
2
3
16
4
533
4
1
436
5
109
21
1
3
2
-
318
1
22
2
31
15
5
394
44
35
2
82
46
8
54
1355
316
4942
881
87
82
242
177
8158
6711
3779
895
40
208
406
163
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
1978(1)
OECD EUROPE
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
65.01
58.49
47.88
109.61
126.10
197.62
187.35
194.02
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
67.29
64.53
67.03
63.98
63.07
63.56
68.65
65.10
58.81
57.44
57.03
57.02
82.00
59.26
61.20
51.72
59.04
49.63
49.65
56.00
45.45
45.92
..
50.43
52.91
43.24
35.62
34.74
39.09
42.02
114.89
113.81
242.07
138.92
110.91
219.14
104.26
67.23
71.77
86.05
127.97
129.45
133.32
139.47
126.16
238.11
92.53
81.67
96.82
86.75
219.74
218.81
235.16
245.85
174.66
276.79
..
141.10
141.18
142.20
243.76
223.39
160.08
137.24
159.91
..
86.35
76.85
81.99
109.45
213.42
205.20
210.67
194.36
191.43
253.86
136.20
109.86
95.76
128.19
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
52.64
47.51
35.22
71.27
82.28
137.61
100.24
104.08
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
52.03
52.72
65.54
61.05
54.69
49.36
52.60
56.70
45.18
44.69
45.06
44.71
63.84
46.78
49.12
45.29
43.42
40.67
43.76
42.55
39.04
37.33
40.97
35.30
41.07
31.45
34.22
30.05
33.83
33.59
106.40
119.03
113.59
78.34
86.75
93.41
67.98
61.27
67.64
68.46
103.93
112.33
112.36
94.13
97.50
73.02
78.16
71.95
80.25
79.09
185.19
180.46
158.65
155.92
138.02
161.11
..
113.71
142.17
132.66
149.29
167.55
140.77
114.49
107.28
552.50
95.79
93.70
95.51
92.18
197.74
214.66
140.68
104.05
117.53
368.71
95.82
97.55
98.45
97.47
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA TOTAL*
8000
140
7000
120
6000
100
5000
80
4000
60
3000
40
2000
20
1000
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

1800
1800
1600
1600
1400
1400
1200
1200
1000
1000
800
800
600
600
400
400
200
200
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

12000
14000
10000
12000
Other use
10000
8000
8000
6000
6000
4000
4000
2000
2000
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
IEA TOTAL
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
5243.71
1202.23
2745.29
993.22
114.04
70.31
109.83
7.98
0.07
0.74
-
5649.08
1375.21
2668.16
1083.00
145.64
231.79
130.81
12.52
0.10
1.86
-
6224.01
1520.68
2526.85
1166.35
192.47
641.77
140.31
29.78
2.67
3.05
0.08
7271.10
1542.63
2854.97
1600.50
240.05
832.57
157.43
33.75
8.23
0.27
0.70
7124.04
1437.49
2606.30
1703.66
324.31
828.86
154.39
30.58
35.77
1.88
0.79
7365.39
1514.77
2621.38
1790.57
355.46
847.84
156.68
32.26
43.03
2.49
0.93
7203.89
1475.97
2561.21
1794.32
352.91
767.84
162.23
33.66
53.56
1.20
0.99
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.01
1.39
-0.49
0.95
3.13
13.89
1.45
8.05
24.04
8.72
-
0.85
-0.02
0.18
2.17
3.11
1.40
0.55
0.40
14.90
-1.01
12.90

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
14694
0.36
848.8
6.18
163.8
176.9
100.3
4415
..
1980
17657
0.32
898.9
6.28
146.9
168.4
104.9
5574
..
1990
23994
0.26
961.1
6.48
119.1
137.1
103.3
7440
..
2000
31185
0.23
1028.2
7.07
107.0
107.0
102.6
9413
..
2009
35172
0.20
1089.6
6.54
93.0
88.4
97.0
9974
..
2010
36202
0.20
1095.5
6.72
93.4
90.5
98.8
10418
..
2011e
36753
0.20
1100.1
6.55
90.0
86.8
..
10310
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.93
2.08
-1.86
-1.21
0.73
0.66
0.28
0.19
-1.86
-1.21
-1.49
-2.05
0.17
-0.22
3.12
1.70
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
288.05
747.72
205.56
2.30
279.15
981.11
251.07
4.96
226.96
945.84
191.09
3.21
232.22
999.10
189.86
4.55
217.12
963.69
186.88
4.26
276.36
924.15
186.56
4.34
271.97
927.04
192.29
3.59
-0.26
2.29
1.68
6.61
-0.05
-0.30
-1.47
-0.66
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
293.39
904.22
652.34
8.05
279.57
1195.71
780.02
14.68
232.72
1182.14
586.30
9.96
241.16
1262.46
590.61
13.57
226.57
1231.06
573.01
12.48
288.26
1187.61
561.02
13.21
284.10
1185.75
580.31
10.87
-0.40
2.36
1.50
5.13
0.15
-0.03
-1.63
-0.52

IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA TOTAL
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
3949.41
430.17
2220.77
701.61
109.69
0.07
457.50
29.59
4089.44
366.76
2179.77
779.52
137.48
0.10
0.04
574.89
50.88
4279.87
332.39
2180.93
818.32
117.16
2.05
2.04
769.50
57.48
5009.94
198.38
2525.65
1041.45
174.58
3.16
4.34
993.02
69.35
5099.00
187.69
2458.60
1036.93
216.93
3.64
5.04
1105.29
84.89
4873.44
161.31
2354.62
987.21
219.77
4.29
5.11
1058.84
82.29
5040.07
179.58
2381.56
1029.84
239.97
4.55
5.46
1110.17
88.94
0.47
-1.51
-0.11
0.91
0.39
21.83
3.11
3.98
0.82
-3.03
0.44
1.16
3.65
4.07
5.04
1.85
2.21
1343.28
258.37
439.42
348.67
58.14
223.17
15.52
1307.29
226.12
386.25
343.58
67.91
261.37
22.05
1134.25
225.96
226.54
305.99
48.38
0.17
0.01
307.52
19.68
1250.08
169.89
192.51
388.08
96.69
0.36
0.14
378.61
23.80
1158.10
151.96
163.14
350.40
98.29
0.40
0.18
358.20
35.52
1040.87
126.01
148.64
319.73
92.58
0.39
0.01
319.21
34.31
1124.98
142.67
151.00
349.25
99.69
0.39
0.02
347.79
34.17
-0.99
-0.79
-3.82
-0.77
-1.07
1.90
1.41
-0.04
-2.27
-2.01
0.66
3.68
4.43
1.47
0.62
2.80
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
971.14
10.30
929.04
24.28
1079.79
3.64
1043.34
24.22
1292.31
0.40
1254.31
26.68
1570.44
0.14
1521.78
29.83
1624.62
0.21
1536.36
31.88
1576.37
0.20
1483.19
29.70
1591.22
0.19
1488.09
32.35
1.69
-17.35
1.78
0.56
1.05
-3.61
0.86
0.97
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
7.51
768.16
109.47
278.51
205.31
0.00
8.59
774.51
91.18
206.54
247.68
0.01
10.91
823.26
67.22
160.42
282.35
5.76
12.92
954.39
19.61
169.03
366.76
42.94
13.23
987.92
21.82
132.81
386.16
50.26
13.01
973.08
22.98
125.85
377.21
57.48
13.11
1006.62
25.85
125.37
382.76
5.41
2.22
0.41
-2.83
-3.19
1.89
x
0.92
1.01
-4.67
-1.22
1.53
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
31.90
0.07
131.82
11.07
405.47
28.47
185.43
99.93
33.61
0.10
0.04
175.98
19.38
416.59
28.66
149.36
111.38
45.43
0.77
1.91
238.31
26.87
499.73
23.05
119.53
143.36
64.17
1.67
3.99
300.77
28.39
614.33
4.37
116.05
187.44
66.59
2.12
4.58
347.46
26.39
692.00
6.89
97.15
211.43
67.13
2.77
4.76
345.06
27.31
677.72
6.64
87.39
209.65
72.48
3.13
4.98
361.24
30.80
690.60
5.52
85.06
215.92
2.10
15.03
3.54
5.35
1.24
-1.23
-2.55
2.15
2.36
7.26
4.90
2.10
0.69
1.63
-6.90
-1.69
2.07
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.16
89.28
1.21
311.38
4.42
299.79
7.18
1.54
122.44
3.21
340.50
3.28
315.66
21.56
0.51
0.27
0.09
204.71
8.22
399.22
3.48
349.55
46.19
3.88
0.66
0.10
291.09
10.74
510.51
2.39
454.79
53.33
6.24
0.62
0.19
353.66
15.83
504.72
4.03
461.89
38.81
6.71
0.62
0.22
351.94
14.57
483.92
3.51
445.30
35.12
6.88
0.75
0.32
359.44
16.72
505.69
3.10
464.86
37.74
-4.72
5.00
11.96
1.47
-1.40
0.91
11.58
13.90
5.31
6.35
2.85
3.62
1.19
-0.57
1.44
-1.01

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA TOTAL
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
1166.8
173.5
-158.7
20.6
1381.1
235.0
-214.8
-26.0
1516.3
312.2
-286.6
-21.2
1367.1
426.0
-308.0
57.6
1372.0
468.3
-352.4
-50.4
1391.4
505.0
-408.4
26.8
1394.9
508.3
-417.4
-9.8
1.6
3.5
3.5
-0.4
2.4
1.8
Primary supply
1202.2
1375.2
1520.7
1542.6
1437.5
1514.8
1476.0
1.4
-0.0
21.2
-20.7
2.4
25.2
-14.0
-13.6
..
-753.0
-957.8
-1168.3
-1349.1
-1243.9
-1300.4
..
2.6
0.5

-638.9
-617.7
-21.1
-849.0
-785.4
-63.6
-1068.1
-1000.9
-67.3
-1254.8
-1201.8
-53.1
-1174.8
-1138.3
-36.5
-1217.1
-1174.3
-42.8
..
..
..
3.1
2.9
7.0
0.7
0.8
-2.2
Autoproducers
Gas works
15.7
7.8
-0.5
-2.7
-2.8
-2.8
..
8.8
-129.8
2.2
-93.7
-37.6
-0.8
-116.6
1.4
-80.0
-38.0
0.1
-99.7
-1.5
-77.0
-17.0
-4.1
-91.6
-0.2
-77.6
-13.0
-0.8
-66.3
-0.0
-56.2
-10.1
0.0
-80.6
-0.0
-69.7
-10.9
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
-1.5
-1.1
-4.6
10.5
-1.1
-16.7
-0.5
-2.2
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
Energy ind. own use
-34.9
-27.7
-21.2
-19.2
-17.3
-19.9
..
-2.9
-0.3
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-5.4
-2.3
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0
-1.3
..
430.2
366.8
332.4
198.4
161.3
179.6
..
-1.5
-3.0
258.4
131.8
26.6
21.0
11.6
67.3
226.1
103.8
24.9
32.5
11.2
53.6
226.0
80.6
28.2
41.5
16.2
59.4
169.9
62.4
18.2
35.7
8.3
45.4
126.0
45.4
14.7
23.1
9.4
33.4
142.7
55.2
16.1
24.1
9.5
37.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
-0.8
-2.9
0.3
4.1
2.0
-0.7
-2.3
-1.9
-2.8
-2.7
-2.6
-2.2
10.3
3.6
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
..
-17.3
-3.6
157.1
28.5
109.5
19.1
133.7
28.7
91.2
13.9
102.5
23.1
67.2
12.3
26.0
4.4
19.6
2.0
31.6
6.6
23.0
2.0
33.6
5.5
25.9
2.3
..
..
..
..
-2.5
-1.2
-2.8
-2.6
-5.4
-6.9
-4.7
-8.1
4.4
3.3
3.5
2.4
3.5
3.1
..
-1.4
-0.6

IEA/OECD, 2012

IEA TOTAL
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
928.15
713.89
664.13
49.76
25.54
2.40
0.01
1.83
93.42
9.78
13.86
27.24
9.02
33.52
71.37
0.08
1230.41
1031.16
982.13
49.03
23.75
6.61
3.76
0.41
118.97
8.00
22.59
41.82
15.83
30.73
47.71
0.33
1402.75
1264.87
1231.81
33.06
3.27
12.13
9.71
102.05
8.89
17.49
36.56
8.53
30.58
20.27
0.45
1521.32
1250.53
1223.70
26.83
122.27
12.41
9.71
95.48
10.21
14.74
31.12
11.21
28.20
20.58
0.76
1525.67
1369.56
1343.80
25.77
2.69
11.28
10.28
93.15
9.49
16.08
31.06
11.65
24.88
26.43
0.73
1388.13
1252.04
1228.55
23.49
2.31
10.20
6.14
76.85
7.32
14.23
23.59
10.15
21.56
25.87
1.35
1443.81
1301.44
1275.80
25.65
2.23
13.62
10.23
82.63
8.81
15.48
24.43
10.33
23.58
27.91
0.42
2.38
3.11
3.31
-0.12
-0.60
8.80
73.63
-11.75
2.04
-1.66
4.15
3.64
4.80
-0.72
-3.30
12.80
0.80
1.17
1.32
-3.19
-11.15
3.68
5.14
-1.81
0.48
-1.87
-2.65
-2.11
-1.32
-2.65
1.14
288.75
7.14
6.19
0.95
271.50
6.91
0.26
0.07
0.01
0.00
0.18
0.28
-
252.58
18.23
14.32
3.91
225.18
6.71
0.26
1.97
1.63
0.34
0.14
-
204.51
13.37
10.17
3.20
170.47
15.75
2.64
0.24
0.00
0.00
2.39
0.10
0.23
188.96
12.70
10.73
1.97
2.81
155.30
18.73
0.79
0.23
0.55
0.13
0.22
194.46
10.49
8.76
1.73
160.63
19.17
1.00
0.84
0.01
0.16
0.19
0.22
158.27
7.70
6.71
0.98
131.80
16.74
1.88
0.92
0.02
0.00
0.94
0.28
0.14
183.83
5.14
4.21
0.93
155.42
21.44
1.81
1.18
0.00
0.00
0.63
0.20
0.18
-1.11
8.12
7.23
12.52
-1.55
-23.92
18.41
30.01
5.51
-5.70
-
-1.58
-6.13
-5.94
-6.91
-1.84
5.98
-0.43
-1.63
3.18
1.77
-
651.97
415.45
398.45
16.99
136.86
6.40
50.71
0.93
14.35
1.57
4.51
29.36
32.90
0.83
788.73
584.10
555.48
28.62
110.15
8.47
41.83
1.35
10.93
1.63
2.03
25.89
40.91
0.67
589.88
547.17
538.60
8.57
13.11
7.02
15.51
0.22
3.37
0.50
0.57
10.86
9.07
0.16
593.82
554.30
546.21
8.09
13.43
6.88
9.17
0.09
3.23
0.28
0.49
5.09
7.31
0.21
583.25
544.40
538.13
6.27
13.52
6.94
8.79
0.07
2.23
0.52
0.36
5.61
7.39
0.04
572.37
530.53
525.10
5.42
12.82
6.94
10.41
0.06
3.12
0.44
0.42
6.38
8.67
0.03
560.01
517.83
508.28
9.55
13.81
7.13
12.14
0.20
3.49
0.57
0.26
7.63
8.62
0.03
1.60
2.88
2.81
4.44
-1.79
2.36
-1.59
3.17
-2.24
0.31
-6.45
-1.04
1.83
-1.78
-1.70
-0.60
-0.44
-5.34
-9.86
-0.85
-6.00
-9.14
-5.55
-5.15
-9.79
-5.92
-7.49
-14.24
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
IEA TOTAL
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
184.95
58.79
99.04
0.60
4.69
21.83
312.16
151.90
140.65
1.26
4.43
0.10
13.81
344.11
187.34
136.60
2.39
2.80
0.13
14.84
425.96
261.23
135.44
6.81
1.55
0.10
20.83
499.22
337.84
133.26
8.58
0.59
0.14
18.81
540.49
367.22
142.37
11.16
0.83
0.23
18.68
468.27
336.61
113.81
7.46
0.69
0.23
9.47
504.98
342.79
138.84
7.55
0.61
0.16
15.03
508.28
352.50
137.56
4.53
0.59
0.16
12.93
176.68
44.50
105.43
4.38
0.01
22.37
286.57
103.69
161.24
0.04
4.32
0.12
17.16
300.40
113.76
167.92
2.01
2.95
0.07
13.69
307.97
130.89
162.61
0.77
1.33
0.06
12.32
327.56
132.55
177.47
4.42
0.82
0.05
12.25
373.61
152.67
200.34
5.67
1.04
0.01
13.88
352.37
156.73
179.69
3.54
0.86
0.02
11.55
408.42
158.02
231.80
4.40
0.79
0.01
13.40
417.39
173.93
225.78
3.83
0.78
0.01
13.05

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA TOTAL
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
178012
285047
317988
357408
449765
541032
520503
551801
557633
98417
29796
11598
909
10948
6619
79
24605
116
135759
43471
20428
695
5219
5025
71
43710
686
136246
49601
16128
774
3141
2570
52
43199
305
133795
52923
17183
2985
37
6573
32737
682
138556
67155
17972
3388
2
3118
24038
391
135915
65812
15019
3366
289
3246
6
19422
433
116663
57459
11376
3968
15
2313
2
19445
686
142216
70069
13404
3663
1
1821
1
28381
256
140945
61073
17277
3542
15
2297
33443
500
420
2566
5249
x
x
5512
1211
50
103
5342
4216
x
x
5532
2803
177
714
3213
x
8569
5000
5339
137
4843
3643
x
3267
990
2456
9557
140
6327
991
x
4825
26
454
80
92
10111
202
9850
320
x
6336
520
872
111
2829
281
10654
634
x
5219
629
599
31
523
3483
810
11360
669
x
7470
79
187
37
525
2437
879
11541
515
x
6309
264
292
561
66833
4556
970
243
6716
16292
2285
9296
986
135572
30433
4051
462
3523
15429
2394
26870
2718
171669
34664
9885
327
2123
13084
2428
35842
3653
217221
51101
13108
1685
835
15821
713
33298
2064
307899
76734
10111
2435
464
18884
589
25603
4297
403802
95482
6124
1394
601
15545
319
16447
3395
402340
104573
10198
1960
446
7395
488
19669
4975
408280
109173
13023
2878
609
10510
307
21451
4095
415428
111820
11847
3124
516
5628
396
23631
3008
534
11967
3012
x
x
9976
2663
2081
306
32671
2915
x
x
157
8899
6287
10450
1000
33156
x
9493
1752
150
7375
15372
14281
12137
39460
x
10478
647
3506
1860
855
35811
29418
23066
46348
x
20915
845
4985
1639
5755
35025
47927
51880
52996
x
60129
3019
5169
2699
5651
13706
52699
69982
32122
x
70614
2390
1891
3533
5699
10616
53176
75462
21394
x
68508
2398
1369
3478
9833
7312
61291
72926
21399
x
77436
3598
1576
2837
7083
12762
13716
10073
6392
3310
1315
1500
1305
1260

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA TOTAL
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
107072
152492
162286
169662
168625
186619
188521
243494
237740
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
90313
1283
3860
5410
32
8972
714
245
8393
43380
2503
286
10
3347
193
387
5126
3257
840
18
498
1402
157
123858
1582
5031
6360
345
8609
950
7
13
62
10228
59198
7014
498
5206
232
369
4183
4283
1564
5
2232
5777
110
122656
1351
7450
3988
492
50
330
8494
877
28
3
50
8734
55167
7852
3
5261
99
805
3681
4499
1568
3
2869
8230
772
128045
2
1897
5890
4039
733
871
9
1249
6177
999
1
1287
39
3
127
7824
53462
15647
10
517
5766
239
896
434
2657
3267
2006
3
3681
7577
736
127268
1844
4551
3501
775
214
1005
6629
4891
1075
48
4
56
7381
52111
15305
1406
4660
95
538
198
1570
4163
2128
3954
8626
540
131670
1753
3429
4034
923
523
1181
5535
4373
449
57
15
129
6494
53408
17954
1582
8055
18
592
1909
163
4598
1690
3599
7366
1841
115760
1610
3438
2168
620
650
73
754
3587
3468
422
46
147
3874
49560
19051
1170
6982
36
2044
219
1748
2120
1426
127
4139
5333
948
139368
1724
2787
3091
604
720
754
4480
4040
542
59
55
4961
59849
23873
77
1338
8978
75
2882
2092
223
2531
1887
37
3901
6425
1383
142066
1196
2701
3772
1023
1017
797
4359
3990
324
58
138
6688
55526
27553
1264
10990
81
1709
93
1917
663
2947
1703
3833
6367
1357
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
8808
2121
1186
218
232
1348
521
919
69
22793
7958
192
2772
769
2080
1646
1564
1484
1041
30016
8867
860
3155
1009
5128
3915
1068
2129
963
39821
11064
211
5451
1672
9555
2455
947
784
1366
36371
10695
174
7713
1211
10610
505
1825
781
1051
48486
7925
5149
8365
1414
18520
593
3184
991
841
66269
11842
19366
3529
834
26148
368
1674
693
732
97474
12996
35431
6221
1366
33676
812
1595
924
781
90192
12726
22980
9119
629
34643
937
1650
914
467
2194
3287
2922
6316
1806
1504
1083
3672
6127
7951
5841
9614
1796
4986
6463
6492
6652
5482
World
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA TOTAL
(thousand tonnes)
1978(1)
1985
1990
World
49931
105530
113417
128952
146891
157330
182688
185911
202323
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
40497
275
2660
8782
274
4620
4095
6755
4157
1
540
1552
1732
356
52
1285
167
15
237
21
244
90
79
1081
1427
83710
2
1001
2856
8508
99
1378
8297
3669
3461
5228
1278
28
1622
998
5070
18173
7942
107
44
6539
429
805
79
1630
1896
295
275
1846
155
95379
2
1216
3778
10083
514
2282
5857
2815
3859
5451
33
2248
1058
5051
30637
4352
3
188
9559
1
401
1
1572
198
762
1040
81
15
2097
225
108337
12
1050
3480
4541
1230
1874
6195
3089
2049
7364
1
374
20
1636
1257
4122
40735
13462
50
5194
336
304
1977
404
2
2350
861
11
216
3901
240
127163
1643
1467
13524
1349
864
2594
3
1228
3413
16478
112
322
7
1208
2623
1430
51874
13730
164
373
3556
16
677
117
348
1217
12
2327
255
20
110
3866
236
132691
2182
1292
13644
668
719
1220
963
3612
13612
144
321
44
1164
1170
409
58536
18719
38
4579
2240
56
495
127
580
722
10
729
443
8
178
3668
399
142852
24
1975
826
7455
716
829
676
295
4480
8669
152
145
51
568
672
1451
64981
33909
162
2928
4172
93
235
758
1066
544
3
666
352
74
177
3510
238
140760
105
1447
974
7291
1406
685
876
356
3055
9737
47
158
56
604
516
1785
68593
29032
50
4487
2195
59
461
1452
776
449
186
426
659
29
438
2108
262
149713
325
1362
1728
2477
2298
812
404
197
2799
9418
66
89
54
563
501
1850
69611
35384
80
3623
4149
58
434
2152
988
559
1
575
592
771
439
4964
390
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
384
11
76
32
82
129
13445
91
2695
6336
93
253
113
2229
13032
345
2554
6866
1
48
49
1057
128
1621
19718
190
3420
7953
1
1
381
1099
1672
19134
22
1440
10034
2
2469
828
89
3303
24432
726
2121
14332
4
1679
844
499
13
4019
39420
10
10263
20557
93
829
224
632
154
6431
44626
138
18127
19555
168
783
1075
130
4375
52401
395
20023
20125
179
1132
2376
509
6910
54
1635
363
5001
947
195
227
275
752
9050
8375
5006
897
594
207
416
525
209
Non-specified/Other
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e

IEA/OECD, 2012
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
1995
IEA AMERICAS*
4000
160
3500
140
3000
120
2500
100
2000
80
1500
60
1000
40
500
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

1000
900
900
800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

6000
7000
5000
6000
Other use
5000
4000
4000
3000
3000
2000
2000
1000
1000
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
IEA AMERICAS
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
2698.98
466.16
1281.25
788.27
64.73
39.01
56.52
3.01
0.03
-
2853.27
567.81
1264.93
746.19
88.77
113.96
65.11
6.57
-0.06
-
3033.63
692.07
1190.51
704.23
100.59
255.40
70.01
20.14
0.46
0.20
-
3606.82
807.54
1368.92
888.31
121.31
324.09
75.15
18.70
3.00
-0.21
-
3451.02
724.56
1267.32
876.57
136.71
342.62
79.15
11.65
12.38
0.05
-
3525.95
749.90
1273.38
907.25
146.37
346.08
75.40
12.01
15.52
0.03
-
3512.56
725.08
1242.16
942.32
144.11
339.65
86.50
12.76
19.99
-0.02
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.69
2.35
-0.43
-0.66
2.63
11.69
1.27
11.83
11.90
-
0.75
0.40
0.34
1.27
1.89
1.53
0.37
-2.55
19.21
-8.55
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
5320
0.51
234.4
11.51
187.7
143.1
114.9
2236
..
1980
6365
0.45
252.2
11.31
165.9
145.7
118.5
2801
..
1990
8712
0.35
277.9
10.92
128.9
129.7
113.5
3685
..
2000
12158
0.30
313.1
11.52
109.8
108.5
106.1
4631
..
2009
13802
0.25
341.2
10.11
92.5
85.7
96.4
4779
..
2010
14221
0.25
344.2
10.24
91.8
86.1
97.3
4962
..
2011e
14477
0.24
347.6
10.11
89.8
81.8
..
4957
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.94
2.48
-2.19
-1.68
1.01
1.08
-0.31
-0.32
-2.19
-1.68
-0.58
-2.03
-0.07
-0.77
2.98
1.50
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
106.78
426.31
18.07
-
123.37
663.65
41.91
-
79.92
694.21
41.95
-
67.82
744.34
40.91
-
64.16
700.69
36.32
-
89.66
679.71
38.65
-
103.24
676.23
39.56
-
1.21
3.76
7.26
-
-1.58
0.12
-0.40
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
105.98
496.24
36.23
-
120.92
791.65
89.32
-
82.45
869.49
88.81
-
73.06
943.71
87.17
-
69.54
904.65
76.30
-
96.80
885.97
81.23
-
111.11
876.97
83.17
-
1.10
3.97
7.81
-
-1.11
0.56
-0.47
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA AMERICAS
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
2066.68
113.40
1098.78
558.13
64.35
231.88
0.14
2094.87
86.49
1098.76
533.76
88.28
286.10
1.47
2075.10
84.08
1074.40
494.70
42.53
0.48
374.92
3.98
2479.96
51.72
1248.86
590.42
88.35
0.74
2.06
489.11
8.70
2483.70
47.67
1239.57
545.64
107.64
0.35
1.96
529.84
11.03
2356.60
38.46
1173.59
519.86
106.83
0.31
1.96
504.62
10.96
2423.09
42.78
1198.64
529.98
114.50
0.32
1.98
524.83
10.05
0.02
-1.74
-0.13
-0.71
-2.41
2.87
21.94
0.78
-3.32
0.55
0.35
5.08
-2.06
1.70
4.74
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
627.69
92.88
123.24
270.11
48.97
92.35
0.14
624.99
74.84
144.40
239.61
56.35
108.34
1.43
472.79
69.77
72.91
181.05
21.06
127.09
0.90
553.38
48.13
45.88
224.56
62.25
0.16
165.29
7.11
494.54
44.74
53.61
196.55
56.60
0.17
134.05
8.82
443.33
35.11
48.41
180.37
52.28
0.15
118.08
8.93
476.60
40.41
53.37
191.01
55.14
0.15
128.45
8.06
-1.65
-1.67
-3.04
-2.33
-4.84
1.90
11.73
0.04
-2.69
-1.55
0.27
4.93
0.05
11.59
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
639.81
0.18
614.65
24.06
670.84
646.77
23.41
758.12
731.07
26.15
914.83
880.51
28.48
939.26
881.88
26.99
903.66
844.71
24.72
918.47
852.57
26.70
1.00
1.03
0.49
0.96
0.77
0.10
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.92
375.63
5.11
120.29
169.96
0.66
348.39
2.35
74.47
170.28
0.91
340.85
2.19
44.32
162.73
4.74
1.10
421.31
1.95
50.22
185.84
28.97
1.42
429.26
0.04
35.93
183.90
32.80
1.43
420.70
0.00
36.16
178.93
37.80
1.41
427.50
0.00
34.38
177.51
-0.10
-0.57
-4.86
-5.70
-0.26
2.22
1.14
-26.32
-1.26
0.44
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.73
77.55
236.58
4.89
78.65
94.01
2.73
98.57
229.78
2.63
52.80
96.74
2.13
129.47
0.00
258.56
3.45
36.26
99.39
17.45
0.31
2.06
163.48
314.96
1.27
32.05
119.98
18.25
0.05
1.96
189.13
341.05
2.48
31.37
118.91
18.02
0.05
1.96
185.58
0.00
331.90
2.27
26.23
118.03
17.88
0.05
1.98
195.69
330.14
2.16
25.54
116.14
-1.44
3.06
0.52
-2.03
-4.45
0.33
11.22
2.09
1.23
-2.33
-1.74
0.78
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
59.03
137.18
137.18
-
77.57
0.04
162.29
0.19
158.76
3.33
116.38
3.08
191.53
0.47
166.39
24.67
1.77
0.27
158.01
1.59
247.17
0.37
216.07
30.73
3.30
0.13
182.65
2.22
230.52
0.41
211.51
18.60
3.24
0.12
179.98
2.04
212.69
1.07
194.53
17.08
3.16
0.12
181.05
1.99
224.39
0.20
206.42
17.77
4.07
1.98
1.14
-
2.23
-2.16
0.79
-4.11
1.08
-1.63

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA AMERICAS
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
492.9
16.0
-55.3
12.5
669.2
16.9
-97.9
-20.4
828.9
16.7
-127.8
-25.7
816.1
35.8
-82.3
37.9
801.2
28.6
-74.0
-31.3
808.0
27.2
-97.0
11.7
819.0
20.1
-119.2
5.1
3.1
0.2
5.1
-0.1
2.5
-1.4
Primary supply
466.2
567.8
692.1
807.5
724.6
749.9
725.1
2.4
0.4
18.7
-11.0
10.8
22.9
-16.5
-0.7
..
-362.7
-466.8
-616.8
-776.6
-667.8
-704.1
..
3.2
0.7

-321.7
-321.7
-
-438.7
-438.7
-0.0
-595.8
-589.5
-6.2
-756.2
-739.3
-17.0
-657.0
-652.5
-4.4
-690.3
-684.0
-6.3
..
..
..
3.7
3.6
-
0.7
0.7
0.1
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.5
-2.6
-2.7
-2.8
-2.7
..
0.2
-41.5
-27.9
-13.6
-
-28.1
-18.6
-9.5
-
-18.4
-12.9
-5.5
-
-17.7
-12.3
-5.3
-
-8.1
-5.4
-2.7
-
-11.0
-7.1
-4.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
-4.7
-4.4
-5.2
-
-2.5
-3.0
-1.6
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-8.7
-3.6
-1.9
-2.1
-1.7
-2.3
..
-8.5
0.9
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
..
113.4
86.5
84.1
51.7
38.5
42.8
..
-1.7
-3.3
92.9
52.1
11.9
5.9
7.1
15.8
74.8
33.7
11.2
10.3
7.4
12.2
69.8
20.5
12.5
11.7
10.5
14.6
48.1
14.0
9.6
12.4
3.7
8.4
35.1
6.5
6.0
6.7
5.6
10.4
40.4
9.2
6.1
7.3
5.8
12.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.7
-5.3
0.3
4.2
2.3
-0.5
-2.7
-3.9
-3.5
-2.3
-2.9
-1.0
0.2
..
20.3
4.9
5.1
10.3
11.5
2.6
2.4
6.5
13.8
3.5
2.2
8.2
3.2
1.3
1.9
-
2.3
2.3
0.0
-
2.2
2.2
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-2.2
-2.0
-4.9
-1.4
-8.9
-2.3
-26.3
-
0.2
0.5
0.4
1.1
0.2
..
-4.1

IEA/OECD, 2012

IEA AMERICAS
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
504.44
426.39
426.38
0.01
46.05
3.73
10.34
11.88
7.82
12.28
19.13
-
736.42
670.07
663.78
6.29
0.17
53.40
1.71
14.26
12.65
11.37
13.42
15.43
0.26
913.46
880.51
865.03
15.48
2.39
37.62
1.46
10.51
13.26
4.10
8.29
3.73
0.33
977.47
804.72
798.21
6.51
119.79
1.20
37.54
0.32
7.23
12.55
6.84
10.60
4.28
0.53
971.97
926.48
921.54
4.94
1.83
39.31
0.65
7.96
10.72
7.47
12.51
2.85
0.45
874.50
826.59
822.06
4.53
1.03
31.74
0.47
6.68
7.35
6.22
11.02
2.63
1.22
896.57
863.94
858.85
5.09
1.28
34.64
0.68
6.84
8.00
6.50
12.62
2.51
0.19
3.20
3.84
3.76
66.36
1.24
-6.32
2.71
0.53
3.17
0.74
-1.78
-
0.99
1.28
1.30
-1.06
10.51
-2.14
-4.49
-3.61
-2.26
-2.76
-0.31
-8.68
-1.49
75.66
71.74
-
40.29
40.27
-
30.42
30.20
-
25.18
2.81
22.73
-
25.07
24.28
-
17.71
16.95
-
22.87
23.01
-
-5.12
-4.70
-
-2.79
-2.76
-
35.75
33.09
33.09
2.46
0.17
2.30
0.20
-
88.38
81.12
80.03
1.10
5.64
1.41
0.23
0.00
0.10
1.08
0.12
0.09
85.47
80.87
79.62
1.25
5.67
1.59
0.24
0.00
0.10
1.25
0.09
0.14
87.28
81.10
79.04
2.06
5.39
0.39
0.24
0.01
0.06
0.08
0.06
0.16
80.25
73.04
73.04
5.30
0.28
0.24
0.04
0.09
-
75.53
68.12
68.12
5.43
0.29
0.26
0.03
0.01
-
78.44
72.02
69.44
2.57
5.57
0.30
0.26
0.04
0.01
-
7.84
7.76
7.64
-4.53
-4.60
-6.09
-4.34
-
-0.60
-0.59
-0.71
4.36
-0.06
-7.51
0.49
-15.41
-11.61
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
IEA AMERICAS
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
21.44
10.87
5.30
5.26
16.66
11.42
4.22
1.02
17.68
11.10
3.88
0.28
2.43
35.81
23.24
5.75
2.79
0.04
4.00
44.81
30.57
5.63
5.32
0.06
3.24
46.59
29.81
4.70
8.02
0.06
4.01
28.64
21.05
3.06
3.83
0.06
0.65
27.18
17.68
4.32
3.29
0.07
1.82
20.14
12.29
5.03
1.09
0.06
1.66
50.78
9.63
40.44
0.04
0.67
127.77
41.27
85.76
0.04
0.70
115.19
35.39
76.80
2.01
1.00
82.28
25.38
54.83
0.73
0.03
1.32
66.17
12.75
47.14
4.40
0.17
1.71
96.46
30.05
58.78
5.63
0.18
1.82
73.99
18.98
49.96
3.48
0.17
1.39
97.03
19.98
71.10
4.40
0.16
1.39
119.19
31.35
82.67
3.82
0.14
1.21

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA AMERICAS
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
16929
16350
16618
16268
34582
48379
33450
30169
21224
5454
5454
-
6188
6188
-
4491
4491
-
4129
4129
-
5843
1511
4296
-
5831
144
1458
4160
-
3166
947
2204
-
4477
1385
3092
-
5215
1357
3770
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
36
-
9
x
60
x
15
x
-
x
88
-
11475
933
49
645
8796
-
10162
35
367
8391
6
12127
22
883
5
9639
-
12139
192
1197
5095
39
28659
152
155
18531
6
42419
66
244
70
22
12855
39
30152
138
92
200
7745
73
25553
345
86
4
7247
27
15872
56
46
3
230
3236
7
996
x
x
56
539
824
x
x
-
1296
x
277
5
2994
924
x
1675
23
173
6928
651
61
x
26
1904
72
69
21333
2239
70
x
707
141
4012
85
467
9
18067
2435
x
157
59
1177
-
47
15274
1728
x
12
191
560
32
19
10404
777
x
145
221
679
49
80
129
132
139
137

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA AMERICAS
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
40450
77198
84419
75819
58166
52711
55333
78437
90743
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
36030
1103
5410
1468
560
3069
19925
1173
929
68
265
838
453
409
360
-
65898
3443
6360
281
3823
709
7
13
54
5734
29639
3950
498
2975
98
244
2460
1310
1716
2474
110
67629
5538
3988
292
50
127
4880
708
28
50
6536
26588
2908
3
3975
99
753
3156
866
1957
4355
772
61804
3807
4039
267
715
3233
433
36
127
5054
22688
6615
517
4068
83
188
2313
1161
1895
3831
734
45504
2717
3501
312
288
2782
1211
65
48
56
4467
12937
4947
740
2143
42
198
2331
642
2403
3134
540
41664
239
1528
4034
368
776
1610
2230
57
3672
8446
5497
994
2355
18
163
2029
464
2667
2915
1602
37606
280
1829
2168
283
25
73
388
2057
2032
31
46
2372
7343
6002
692
3487
31
889
219
161
1432
434
127
2125
2132
948
52379
412
1737
3091
215
678
1958
2728
40
59
3402
11387
8009
77
1002
5636
75
2149
260
223
1462
401
37
2914
3044
1383
60295
330
1371
3772
610
729
1797
2565
26
58
136
5067
12922
11110
1010
7153
81
1258
93
470
663
1226
480
3097
2914
1357
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
4420
1942
205
218
200
673
1
914
24
11300
6139
782
457
38
1051
872
588
353
11592
6327
300
357
586
1559
614
580
229
13631
6826
1600
1165
1528
350
400
548
9437
5564
1440
682
22
443
269
184
-
11047
4831
956
1274
706
1078
547
377
207
104
17708
7648
4577
870
692
1869
294
440
417
160
25917
8762
8149
864
1042
2299
812
161
321
109
30448
9844
7264
1069
629
3728
937
683
306
110
243
1020
1040
1214
833
967
741
3398
5878
5198
384
3225
19
141
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA AMERICAS
(thousand tonnes)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
10808
34228
42493
38503
26922
20460
26517
28772
39992
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
10341
27
8782
309
38
528
22
243
356
27
5
4
30501
1
712
8508
2286
1208
978
595
1138
7
335
421
3633
2847
2489
44
2793
143
626
786
230
8
275
283
155
36299
1
2178
10083
394
3321
1758
384
15
1322
530
4451
4007
719
188
3982
1
62
1386
282
21
15
1005
194
34885
950
4541
207
1905
530
621
1648
829
562
3449
6179
3800
3015
25
1562
2111
8
191
2705
47
25445
429
13524
48
70
564
522
456
79
4425
2275
373
643
74
343
441
55
1016
108
18309
411
13625
256
66
28
133
23
962
749
341
829
143
71
67
361
244
24226
24
602
7447
662
218
71
1111
729
152
217
2404
3767
752
2682
801
149
1
2344
93
24129
105
367
7245
1097
73
166
1080
935
47
613
2180
4192
1378
1699
65
531
182
374
275
220
1219
86
33388
302
1470
2432
1607
146
145
2078
2394
86
1004
2650
7111
1920
3993
11
129
798
521
153
169
422
3800
47
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
95
11
1
82
1
3727
78
506
2575
176
110
2
4967
177
108
3820
682
128
5
3616
153
2033
1
271
1099
-
923
22
9
825
1
-
1948
693
3
217
844
63
13
-
2156
6
962
255
2
1
630
154
1
4643
118
2938
1
146
171
1044
115
77
6604
310
2182
1
144
635
2292
463
1
280
47
59
66
115
145
33
576
372
1227
554
203
135
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
1978(1)
IEA ASIA OCEANIA*

1400
250
1200
200
1000
150
800
600
100
400
50
200
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

400
400
350
350
300
300
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

2000
2500
Other use
1800
1600
2000
1400
1500
1200
1000
1000
800
600
500
400
200
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
581.41
128.34
418.56
12.48
5.04
3.61
11.52
1.86
-
663.32
144.83
420.59
42.36
5.90
32.04
15.01
2.56
0.03
-
902.15
197.63
478.43
93.63
14.92
94.99
16.34
4.36
1.80
0.05
1188.99
268.68
562.98
152.83
19.13
160.46
16.22
7.21
1.42
0.05
1206.73
313.99
481.51
203.89
23.22
159.16
14.12
8.10
2.59
0.15
1271.12
344.36
491.48
221.28
24.32
162.63
15.12
8.77
2.98
0.18
1219.34
330.02
491.37
252.50
23.54
93.79
15.72
8.89
3.26
0.26
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.62
2.57
0.79
12.59
6.59
21.20
2.08
5.15
-
1.73
2.82
0.13
4.39
2.47
2.72
-0.39
3.56
2.56
5.98

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
2327
0.25
159.6
3.64
127.4
113.4
85.6
563
..
1980
2945
0.23
173.1
3.83
114.8
101.1
87.9
728
..
1990
4676
0.19
187.0
4.82
98.3
86.9
86.0
1127
..
2000
5684
0.21
197.1
6.03
106.6
97.2
99.9
1587
..
2009
6334
0.19
202.8
5.95
97.1
101.9
100.3
1783
..
2010
6592
0.19
203.2
6.26
98.3
107.4
103.0
1894
..
2011e
6615
0.18
203.1
6.00
93.9
102.6
..
1848
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
4.19
1.73
-1.51
-0.00
0.94
0.42
1.66
1.31
-1.51
-0.00
-1.55
1.06
0.02
0.91
4.17
2.63
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
44.87
42.82
9.73
-
63.09
93.04
14.69
-
102.24
122.17
21.06
-
127.32
144.95
23.71
-
128.16
175.49
24.22
-
160.81
159.84
24.25
-
144.34
167.59
23.40
-
2.88
6.68
3.49
-
4.79
2.74
2.54
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
46.34
60.93
30.66
-
65.21
120.98
46.15
-
105.06
148.88
67.51
-
130.80
179.07
70.78
-
131.71
214.72
72.30
-
165.27
193.85
72.39
-
148.35
203.17
69.82
-
2.89
5.88
3.47
-
4.76
2.39
2.28
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
424.17
52.37
298.16
7.63
4.99
60.98
0.04
452.67
57.60
294.04
16.02
5.63
0.03
79.21
0.15
616.42
70.58
372.40
37.65
10.33
0.35
1.80
123.03
0.29
792.47
58.35
470.65
69.17
13.20
0.59
1.33
173.70
5.47
793.28
60.65
420.44
92.49
13.37
0.64
0.97
197.15
7.56
784.76
54.20
421.98
92.40
12.98
0.66
0.97
194.44
7.12
814.38
59.80
424.56
99.45
14.06
0.66
0.99
207.84
7.02
2.22
1.77
1.32
9.84
4.37
4.21
12.32
1.40
-0.83
0.66
4.98
1.56
3.15
-2.96
2.66
17.37
183.62
35.20
101.61
4.26
2.13
40.43
-
173.62
39.16
74.98
8.31
3.17
48.00
-
207.38
55.68
72.46
15.09
6.80
0.16
57.19
-
237.52
55.83
70.95
23.49
9.92
0.19
74.09
3.04
224.37
56.79
48.17
30.87
10.04
0.21
0.00
74.01
4.28
213.47
50.82
47.75
30.35
9.38
0.22
0.00
71.09
3.86
230.13
56.42
46.88
33.14
10.17
0.21
0.00
79.96
3.34
0.72
2.73
-1.97
7.72
7.06
2.06
-
0.52
0.07
-2.15
4.01
2.03
1.42
1.69
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
83.03
0.33
80.97
-
111.24
0.01
109.19
0.01
157.71
0.11
155.08
0.10
205.61
0.13
202.21
0.44
200.62
0.19
195.29
1.60
198.18
0.18
192.30
1.89
200.12
0.18
193.92
2.08
3.85
-6.54
3.90
-
1.20
2.63
1.12
16.65
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.73
47.24
15.17
13.84
2.24
2.03
60.07
16.84
15.69
5.62
2.42
85.18
12.64
22.55
13.97
2.83
105.82
0.87
29.81
25.60
0.45
3.09
110.72
1.53
23.94
29.09
0.65
3.16
110.17
1.31
22.99
29.25
0.83
3.12
116.03
1.25
24.51
30.47
2.01
3.53
-1.07
2.91
11.37
1.27
1.56
-10.94
0.42
3.98
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.86
13.13
32.48
1.56
24.66
0.85
2.43
0.03
19.46
37.14
1.59
24.45
1.61
3.45
0.01
1.73
30.79
0.04
84.26
1.58
43.47
6.93
3.04
0.01
1.29
43.61
1.57
121.49
1.00
50.54
16.90
2.32
0.01
0.93
50.76
2.14
132.60
0.89
33.85
28.57
2.26
0.01
0.93
51.18
2.25
130.18
0.84
31.85
28.60
2.24
0.01
0.94
54.06
2.55
132.44
0.82
29.85
31.20
1.11
5.14
5.77
0.06
3.39
13.16
-2.14
1.12
-3.02
2.85
22.54
2.29
-3.20
-1.86
7.82
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
5.38
0.04
58.27
58.02
0.26
0.03
9.32
0.15
49.41
48.96
0.45
0.08
0.13
0.07
31.78
0.24
65.49
0.57
63.42
1.50
0.24
0.24
0.04
51.67
0.87
103.73
0.50
100.57
2.66
0.56
0.27
0.04
67.27
1.14
110.56
1.19
107.07
2.30
0.70
0.28
0.04
66.85
1.02
118.11
1.01
114.86
2.25
0.83
0.29
0.05
68.28
1.13
120.30
1.07
116.73
2.50
11.02
11.22
0.69
0.53
10.96
12.73
4.17
-1.72
3.90
8.00
3.09
3.19
3.10
2.58

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
94.4
59.6
-26.0
0.3
103.1
74.9
-41.9
8.7
170.8
127.4
-98.3
-2.2
245.5
194.9
-177.7
6.0
327.9
235.6
-244.7
-4.8
344.9
269.2
-274.8
5.0
335.3
269.4
-266.1
-8.6
3.5
4.6
8.1
3.6
3.8
5.3
Primary supply
128.3
144.8
197.6
268.7
314.0
344.4
330.0
2.6
2.8
-2.5
-2.3
3.2
1.7
3.2
-9.3
..
-68.7
-79.1
-124.2
-205.2
-255.4
-266.4
..
3.5
3.9

-37.8
-37.8
-0.1
-45.2
-40.9
-4.3
-86.3
-75.3
-11.0
-168.3
-152.1
-16.3
-221.7
-203.6
-18.1
-227.8
-207.8
-19.9
..
..
..
5.0
4.1
36.1
5.0
5.2
3.0
Autoproducers
Gas works
3.7
5.2
-0.3
-0.2
0.1
0.0
..
-34.7
-0.2
-27.1
-5.8
-1.5
-39.1
-0.2
-23.8
-14.5
-0.6
-37.5
-0.1
-31.1
-1.6
-4.8
-36.7
-0.0
-35.2
-0.6
-0.9
-33.8
-0.0
-30.3
-3.6
-
-38.7
-0.0
-37.2
-1.4
-
..
..
..
..
..
0.5
-5.3
0.8
-7.3
6.9
0.1
-4.7
0.9
-0.6
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-4.6
-5.5
-6.1
-6.8
-7.6
-8.8
..
1.7
1.9
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
-0.1
-0.3
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
52.4
57.6
70.6
58.4
54.2
59.8
..
1.8
-0.8
35.2
26.9
0.4
0.9
0.3
6.7
39.2
27.3
0.8
5.9
0.5
4.7
55.7
21.0
4.3
11.9
1.9
16.5
55.8
21.3
4.4
12.1
2.3
15.7
50.8
22.1
4.4
9.8
2.2
12.3
56.4
25.2
4.7
10.0
2.2
14.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
2.7
-1.4
15.3
16.4
10.8
5.5
0.1
0.9
0.4
-0.9
0.6
-0.7
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
..
-6.5
2.6
16.8
1.6
15.2
0.1
18.4
1.6
16.8
-
14.2
1.6
12.6
0.0
1.9
1.0
0.9
0.0
2.2
0.8
1.3
0.0
2.1
0.8
1.2
0.1
..
..
..
..
-1.0
0.1
-1.1
-11.4
-9.1
-3.2
-10.9
8.0
0.6
0.5
1.0
1.1
..
3.2
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

IEA ASIA OCEANIA

Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
57.24
30.57
30.21
0.36
18.64
0.13
0.19
7.37
1.46
0.34
1.88
0.35
3.34
1.49
-
128.28
77.21
72.22
4.99
20.81
6.53
25.15
2.05
2.63
12.63
2.25
5.60
1.04
0.02
206.41
155.44
147.71
7.72
2.41
12.13
32.43
3.42
3.92
13.30
2.64
9.15
1.05
-
251.94
208.39
197.10
11.29
2.01
12.41
0.80
28.42
4.81
4.21
12.29
2.73
4.37
1.01
-
276.49
222.67
210.75
11.91
2.29
11.28
0.82
29.56
4.91
4.39
12.64
2.70
4.93
0.99
-
266.51
227.12
214.63
12.49
1.94
10.20
0.55
25.93
4.05
4.19
10.88
2.65
4.16
0.94
-
286.87
233.17
219.88
13.29
1.86
13.37
0.70
26.90
4.59
4.53
11.02
2.60
4.16
0.92
-
6.96
8.03
7.53
24.49
0.92
38.86
10.78
2.86
18.50
17.23
16.65
4.42
-2.95
-
4.11
5.68
5.72
5.02
-11.38
3.65
0.34
4.12
2.76
-0.68
0.73
-1.48
-0.64
-
67.95
64.35
4.45
0.12
0.06
0.01
0.04
0.01
-
82.84
77.00
5.25
-
81.30
67.15
13.97
-
81.99
67.67
15.92
-
85.75
67.45
16.37
0.33
0.33
-
77.00
62.33
14.75
0.32
0.26
0.00
0.06
-
89.10
69.01
19.19
0.23
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.01
-
1.67
1.51
-
0.36
-0.55
6.69
-
30.64
27.32
26.32
0.99
2.85
0.42
0.03
0.00
0.30
0.10
0.05
-
46.15
44.15
43.07
1.08
1.78
0.21
0.03
0.00
0.18
0.06
-
67.51
66.35
65.25
1.10
0.96
0.17
0.17
0.08
-
70.78
68.11
68.10
0.01
1.00
0.21
0.00
0.21
0.06
-
70.16
69.73
69.71
0.02
0.68
0.26
0.00
0.25
0.05
-
72.30
72.31
72.29
0.02
0.60
0.21
0.00
0.21
0.03
-
72.38
71.57
71.55
0.02
0.48
0.20
0.00
0.19
0.06
-
3.47
4.08
4.19
0.72
-3.84
-5.76
-1.23
-3.32
5.52
0.90
-
2.28
2.44
2.57
-18.30
-6.39
-0.30
2.05
0.32
-0.35
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
54.88
1.59
53.19
0.10
127.35
46.73
79.50
0.60
0.51
161.69
80.35
79.14
1.59
0.61
194.93
115.64
73.02
3.67
2.60
227.13
147.54
73.71
2.78
3.10
252.31
169.29
78.29
2.62
2.12
235.57
161.74
70.15
2.99
0.69
269.17
181.22
82.52
3.78
1.65
269.40
182.19
82.76
3.11
1.34
35.25
4.25
29.83
1.17
98.34
39.96
55.92
2.46
131.47
54.64
72.93
3.91
177.72
77.02
98.02
2.68
219.77
94.23
123.85
1.68
237.73
101.09
135.70
0.95
244.67
119.71
123.85
0.05
1.07
274.75
118.82
155.26
0.67
266.09
126.38
138.72
0.01
0.98

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
55041
110580
130648
173185
215251
254819
267403
304213
304699
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
52885
25299
11304
398
429
10406
11
77367
33741
19321
14729
401
76223
39558
13316
10275
225
76950
39880
13007
7541
298
76656
45398
9389
2841
367
77157
45338
6818
1348
253
72993
46333
7418
2018
138
85840
53126
8311
4452
164
86072
45848
11893
9803
364
420
2360
2244
x
x
14
1211
103
5086
2775
x
x
-
2802
153
668
3055
x
6150
21
5327
52
4629
3437
x
2741
38
9555
5886
603
x
2498
27
92
9832
9850
25
x
3668
25
2829
10
10654
180
x
3376
31
6
3480
48
11360
95
x
4784
20
2437
24
11501
x
4184
18
2156
668
105
1
-
33213
19238
2249
1980
14
54425
24852
8170
5751
138
96235
43431
11604
1
7780
319
138595
67166
9944
2396
637
177662
87988
5073
1270
568
194410
100006
9550
966
283
218373
105324
12078
2625
346
218627
108616
10548
1528
-
513
157
149
x
x
563
2427
306
5508
1020
x
x
157
314
3504
94
806
7057
x
3402
150
501
13065
56
8323
6493
x
3189
1496
478
33751
14185
3448
x
5497
1079
492
33062
35329
51
x
10309
21
15
2401
1575
12835
20
54946
987
x
10166
3523
1128
10282
101
64006
2546
x
15142
3454
2469
7159
472
62471
3732
x
20474
2815
812
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
31085
49698
58086
75625
100712
127245
127272
159566
142568
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
29188
374
32
1173
191
1319
22651
1330
10
992
593
469
54
42067
16
64
2106
2055
29559
3064
1380
1186
516
2121
-
44002
1054
200
1917
25
1181
28579
4944
713
694
702
912
3081
-
54258
1524
466
2310
204
2752
30774
9032
703
129
896
535
1608
3325
-
73658
1833
463
3739
2619
2914
39174
10358
666
2194
1767
992
1451
5488
-
83834
1881
555
392
3895
1746
14
129
2527
44962
12457
588
5652
2470
1226
720
4451
169
72553
1573
337
366
1488
1376
147
1502
42217
13049
478
3495
620
992
1712
3201
-
81628
1034
389
76
2506
1160
55
1559
48462
15864
336
3342
1069
1486
909
3381
-
77522
1314
413
68
2560
1275
1621
42604
16443
254
3837
1721
1223
736
3453
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1897
164
981
32
675
45
7631
958
192
1990
312
2042
595
688
35
688
13748
1291
560
2798
323
4844
2256
454
300
734
20033
3448
211
3851
459
9555
710
597
384
818
25293
4988
174
6273
10588
1554
595
1051
36950
3094
4193
7091
353
17442
46
2807
784
737
48351
4194
14789
2659
142
24279
74
1224
276
571
71427
4234
27282
5357
324
31377
1434
603
671
59564
2882
15716
8050
30915
967
608
356
131
188
70
403
143
145
70
336
1334
1761
6461
6368
6511
5482
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA ASIA OCEANIA

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
5533
39339
45647
62413
87804
107418
136579
135475
144101
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
4809
150
682
458
1489
320
932
778
29593
771
99
2557
508
591
125
577
226
15326
5453
2464
455
441
-
38304
129
120
1149
934
125
133
528
26569
3633
4236
205
155
29
328
31
51291
1116
1023
1076
276
61
121
695
366
34556
9662
1562
264
110
44
25
142
192
70501
428
1301
142
434
72
110
284
2623
428
47449
11455
2550
16
1445
83
55
1499
127
85460
17
412
469
115
568
1165
141
57574
17970
4238
760
56
671
164
45
993
102
99351
23
54
151
1428
672
62577
30142
2176
934
93
310
277
376
138
95691
309
66
516
66413
24840
3109
126
59
73
13
167
98650
691
501
66961
28273
1703
58
145
318
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
204
76
128
8082
2189
3761
93
2039
7343
158
2443
3046
47
33
1616
11122
3420
5920
110
1672
17303
1429
10034
2469
72
3299
21958
33
2121
14329
1461
4014
37155
4
9301
20302
70
827
221
6430
39665
20
15189
19553
610
4293
45404
41
17841
20124
495
2
6901
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
520
1664
73
119
47

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA EUROPE*
3000
120
2500
100
2000
80
1500
60
1000
40
500
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

4000
4500
3500
4000
Other use
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Coal/population
IEA EUROPE
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1963.32
607.73
1045.48
192.47
44.27
27.69
41.79
3.12
0.07
0.71
-
2132.49
662.58
982.64
294.44
50.97
85.79
50.69
3.38
0.07
1.92
-
2288.23
630.98
857.91
368.49
76.96
291.38
53.95
5.28
0.41
2.85
0.03
2475.29
466.41
923.07
559.36
99.61
348.01
66.05
7.84
3.81
0.48
0.65
2466.28
398.94
857.46
623.20
164.37
327.08
61.12
10.83
20.80
1.83
0.64
2568.33
420.50
856.52
662.04
184.77
339.13
66.15
11.47
24.52
2.45
0.76
2471.99
420.87
827.68
599.51
185.26
334.40
60.00
12.00
30.31
1.22
0.74
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.90
0.22
-1.16
3.89
3.31
14.85
1.51
3.15
11.14
8.55
-
0.58
-2.01
-0.01
2.97
4.48
0.76
1.02
3.96
22.65
-0.74
18.04

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
7047
0.28
454.8
4.32
156.4
276.3
94.1
1616
..
1980
8347
0.26
473.6
4.50
143.4
254.3
101.2
2046
..
1990
10605
0.22
496.2
4.61
121.1
190.6
103.2
2628
..
2000
13343
0.19
518.1
4.78
104.1
112.0
99.7
3195
..
2009
15036
0.16
545.6
4.52
92.1
85.0
96.4
3412
..
2010
15389
0.17
548.1
4.69
93.7
87.5
98.8
3562
..
2011e
15661
0.16
549.4
4.50
88.6
86.1
..
3505
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.43
1.88
-1.49
-1.28
0.51
0.50
0.39
0.08
-1.49
-1.28
-2.16
-3.82
0.54
-0.21
2.90
1.53
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
136.40
278.59
177.75
2.30
92.69
224.43
194.47
4.96
44.80
129.46
128.07
3.21
37.08
109.82
125.23
4.55
24.80
87.50
126.35
4.26
25.90
84.60
123.66
4.34
24.39
83.22
129.33
3.59
-3.17
-1.79
0.75
6.61
-6.18
-4.76
-2.24
-0.66
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
141.07
347.05
585.45
8.05
93.45
283.08
644.55
14.68
45.21
163.77
429.99
9.96
37.30
139.67
432.66
13.57
25.31
111.69
424.41
12.48
26.19
107.79
407.40
13.21
24.64
105.62
427.31
10.87
-3.37
-1.68
0.80
5.13
-6.16
-4.71
-2.27
-0.52

IEA/OECD, 2012
IEA EUROPE
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
1458.56
264.40
823.83
135.85
40.36
0.07
164.64
29.41
1541.90
222.67
786.98
229.74
43.56
0.10
0.01
209.58
49.26
1588.35
177.72
734.13
285.98
64.30
1.21
0.25
271.55
53.22
1737.51
88.31
806.14
381.86
73.03
1.83
0.95
330.21
55.17
1822.02
79.37
798.59
398.79
95.92
2.66
2.11
378.30
66.29
1732.09
68.65
759.05
374.95
99.96
3.32
2.18
359.78
64.21
1802.60
77.01
758.35
400.41
111.40
3.57
2.49
377.50
71.87
0.50
-2.31
-0.68
4.48
2.78
18.12
2.99
3.55
0.63
-4.10
0.16
1.70
2.79
5.56
12.28
1.66
1.51
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
531.97
130.29
214.57
74.30
7.03
90.40
15.38
508.68
112.12
166.86
95.66
8.39
105.03
20.62
454.08
100.52
81.17
109.85
20.52
0.01
0.01
123.24
18.78
459.18
65.93
75.67
140.02
24.53
0.01
0.14
139.22
13.66
439.18
50.43
61.37
122.97
31.64
0.02
0.18
150.13
22.43
384.07
40.07
52.48
109.01
30.92
0.02
0.00
130.03
21.52
418.24
45.83
50.74
125.10
34.39
0.03
0.01
139.38
22.76
-0.93
-1.51
-5.56
2.33
6.50
1.84
1.18
-0.41
-3.85
-2.32
0.65
2.62
7.94
1.27
0.62
0.97
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
248.29
9.79
233.42
0.22
297.71
3.63
287.37
0.81
376.48
0.30
368.16
0.43
450.00
0.01
439.06
0.92
484.74
0.02
459.19
3.29
474.52
0.02
446.18
3.10
472.62
0.02
441.61
3.57
2.48
-18.56
2.72
3.99
1.14
-13.52
0.91
11.10
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
4.86
345.30
89.20
144.38
33.12
0.00
5.89
366.05
71.99
116.38
71.78
0.01
7.58
397.23
52.39
93.54
105.64
1.02
8.99
427.27
16.79
89.00
155.32
13.52
8.72
447.93
20.24
72.94
173.18
16.81
8.42
442.21
21.66
66.70
169.03
18.85
8.58
463.08
24.60
66.48
174.77
5.41
2.65
0.83
-3.08
-2.52
7.06
46.76
0.62
0.77
-3.71
-1.69
2.55
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
26.32
0.07
41.14
11.07
136.40
22.02
82.12
5.07
28.45
0.10
0.01
57.95
19.38
149.66
24.44
72.12
13.02
39.85
0.76
0.18
78.04
26.82
156.91
18.02
39.80
37.04
43.68
1.35
0.64
93.67
26.82
177.88
2.09
33.46
50.56
46.02
2.06
1.69
107.56
24.24
218.35
3.52
31.92
63.95
46.85
2.72
1.87
108.30
25.06
215.64
3.53
29.31
63.01
52.37
3.07
2.06
111.49
28.25
228.02
2.54
29.67
68.58
2.47
14.94
3.84
5.34
0.83
-1.17
-4.17
12.41
1.38
7.23
12.88
1.80
0.26
1.89
-9.33
-1.46
3.13
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.16
24.87
1.17
115.93
4.42
104.59
6.92
1.50
35.55
3.03
128.81
3.08
107.94
17.79
0.43
0.14
0.02
56.55
4.90
142.19
2.44
119.74
20.02
1.86
0.14
0.07
81.41
8.28
159.61
1.52
138.15
19.94
2.39
0.21
0.15
103.74
12.47
163.65
2.42
143.31
17.91
2.77
0.22
0.18
105.11
11.51
153.12
1.43
135.91
15.79
2.89
0.34
0.27
110.12
13.61
161.01
1.83
141.71
17.47
-5.61
4.95
8.81
1.21
-3.45
0.80
6.45
9.96
4.61
12.98
3.39
5.24
0.62
-1.43
0.85
-0.68

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA EUROPE
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
579.5
97.9
-77.5
7.9
608.9
143.1
-75.1
-14.3
516.5
168.2
-60.5
6.7
305.5
195.2
-48.0
13.6
242.9
204.1
-33.7
-14.3
238.5
208.6
-36.6
10.0
240.5
218.7
-32.1
-6.3
-0.7
3.2
-1.4
-3.8
1.1
-2.5
Primary supply
607.7
662.6
631.0
466.4
398.9
420.5
420.9
0.2
-2.0
5.1
-7.5
-11.6
0.6
-0.7
-3.5
..
-321.5
-411.9
-427.3
-367.3
-320.6
-329.8
..
1.7
-1.3

-279.3
-258.3
-21.1
-365.1
-305.8
-59.3
-386.0
-336.0
-50.1
-330.3
-310.4
-19.8
-296.2
-282.2
-14.0
-299.0
-282.5
-16.5
..
..
..
1.9
1.6
5.2
-1.3
-0.9
-5.4
Autoproducers
Gas works
11.5
2.5
2.4
0.1
-0.1
-0.0
..
-8.7
-53.7
2.4
-38.6
-18.2
0.8
-49.4
1.6
-37.7
-14.0
0.7
-43.7
-1.5
-33.0
-9.9
0.7
-37.2
-0.2
-30.1
-7.0
0.1
-24.4
0.0
-20.5
-3.9
0.0
-30.9
-0.0
-25.4
-5.5
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
-1.2
-0.9
-3.5
-1.0
-1.7
-20.0
-1.3
-2.9
-15.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
Energy ind. own use
-21.7
-18.5
-13.2
-10.3
-8.0
-8.8
..
-2.9
-2.0
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-5.2
-2.0
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0
-1.3
..
264.4
222.7
177.7
88.3
68.7
77.0
..
-2.3
-4.1
130.3
52.7
14.3
14.3
4.2
44.9
112.1
42.8
12.9
16.3
3.4
36.8
100.5
39.1
11.4
17.9
3.8
28.4
65.9
27.0
4.3
11.2
2.2
21.2
40.1
16.8
4.3
6.5
1.6
10.8
45.8
20.8
5.3
6.8
1.6
11.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.5
-1.7
-1.3
1.4
-0.6
-2.7
-3.9
-3.1
-3.8
-4.7
-4.3
-4.5
9.8
3.6
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-18.6
-13.5
119.9
22.0
89.2
8.7
103.8
24.4
72.0
7.4
74.5
18.0
52.4
4.1
20.8
2.1
16.8
2.0
27.1
3.5
21.7
2.0
29.3
2.5
24.6
2.2
..
..
..
..
-2.8
-1.2
-3.1
-4.4
-4.6
-9.3
-3.7
-3.0
4.4
3.1
2.4
1.5
1.4
1.8
..
-3.4
-1.4

IEA/OECD, 2012

IEA EUROPE
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
366.47
256.93
207.55
49.38
6.90
2.28
0.01
1.63
40.00
4.59
3.18
13.49
0.84
17.90
50.74
0.08
365.71
283.88
246.13
37.75
2.94
0.09
3.58
0.41
40.42
4.25
5.71
16.54
2.21
11.71
31.24
0.05
282.88
228.93
219.07
9.86
0.87
7.32
32.01
4.01
3.06
10.00
1.79
13.14
15.49
0.11
291.90
237.42
228.39
9.03
0.47
7.71
29.52
5.08
3.29
6.29
1.63
13.23
15.29
0.23
277.21
220.42
211.51
8.91
0.40
7.64
24.28
3.92
3.73
7.70
1.48
7.45
22.60
0.29
247.12
198.33
191.86
6.47
0.37
4.56
19.19
2.80
3.37
5.35
1.29
6.39
22.31
0.14
260.37
204.34
197.07
7.27
0.37
0.25
8.25
21.09
3.54
4.11
5.40
1.23
6.81
24.48
0.22
-0.02
0.83
1.43
-2.21
-6.86
-23.82
72.95
-10.93
0.09
-0.64
5.00
1.71
8.39
-3.47
-3.96
-3.32
-1.68
-1.63
-1.11
-7.91
-9.83
5.50
4.26
-3.20
-0.91
-1.63
-5.44
-2.89
-2.68
-1.21
7.55
145.14
7.14
6.19
0.95
135.41
2.46
0.14
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.27
-
129.44
18.23
14.32
3.91
107.92
1.45
0.26
1.97
1.63
0.34
0.14
-
92.80
13.37
10.17
3.20
73.13
1.78
2.64
0.24
0.00
0.00
2.39
0.10
0.23
81.79
12.70
10.73
1.97
64.90
2.81
0.79
0.23
0.55
0.13
0.22
83.64
10.49
8.76
1.73
68.90
2.80
0.67
0.50
0.01
0.16
0.19
0.22
63.56
7.70
6.71
0.98
52.53
1.99
1.57
0.66
0.02
0.88
0.28
0.14
71.85
5.14
4.21
0.93
63.40
2.25
1.58
1.03
0.55
0.18
0.18
-0.95
8.12
7.23
12.52
-1.87
-17.08
24.42
57.52
8.07
-5.56
-
-2.90
-6.13
-5.94
-6.91
-2.63
2.21
-1.09
-2.29
2.53
1.45
-
585.58
355.04
339.04
16.00
134.01
6.40
47.82
0.93
14.32
1.57
4.04
26.97
32.65
0.83
654.20
458.83
432.38
26.44
108.37
2.83
40.21
1.35
10.67
1.63
1.93
24.63
40.74
0.58
436.91
399.95
393.73
6.22
12.15
1.35
13.76
0.22
3.13
0.50
0.47
9.45
8.91
0.02
435.76
405.09
399.07
6.02
12.42
1.49
8.58
0.09
2.99
0.28
0.43
4.80
7.20
0.04
432.84
401.63
395.38
6.25
12.84
1.64
8.26
0.07
2.00
0.52
0.36
5.32
7.24
0.04
424.54
390.09
384.69
5.41
12.22
1.51
9.91
0.06
2.86
0.43
0.42
6.14
8.63
0.03
409.19
374.24
367.29
6.96
13.34
1.56
11.65
0.20
3.23
0.56
0.26
7.40
8.55
0.03
0.93
2.16
2.05
4.28
-1.75
-6.57
-1.44
3.17
-2.42
0.30
-5.97
-0.75
1.86
-2.94
-2.32
-1.01
-0.81
-6.46
-9.95
-2.93
-6.01
-9.14
-5.80
-5.17
-9.57
-5.83
-7.51
-13.62
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
IEA EUROPE
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
108.62
46.33
40.54
0.60
4.69
16.47
168.14
93.74
56.93
0.65
4.43
0.10
12.29
164.73
95.89
53.59
0.52
2.80
0.13
11.80
195.22
122.34
56.67
0.36
1.52
0.10
14.23
227.28
159.73
53.93
0.48
0.52
0.14
12.48
241.59
168.12
59.38
0.52
0.78
0.23
12.55
204.06
153.83
40.60
0.64
0.63
0.23
8.13
208.63
143.88
52.00
0.48
0.54
0.16
11.56
218.74
158.02
49.77
0.33
0.53
0.16
9.93
90.65
30.61
35.17
4.33
0.01
20.53
60.46
22.45
19.56
0.04
4.28
0.12
14.00
53.73
23.74
18.19
0.00
2.95
0.07
8.78
47.97
28.49
9.76
0.04
1.31
0.06
8.32
41.63
25.57
6.47
0.02
0.65
0.05
8.86
39.41
21.53
5.87
0.04
0.86
0.01
11.11
33.71
18.03
5.88
0.00
0.69
0.02
9.09
36.63
19.22
5.44
0.00
0.63
0.01
11.34
32.10
16.19
4.39
0.01
0.64
0.01
10.86

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IEA EUROPE
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
106042
158117
170722
167955
199932
237834
219650
217419
231710
40078
4497
294
909
10550
6190
79
8745
105
52204
9730
1107
695
5219
5025
71
22793
285
55532
10043
2812
774
3141
2570
52
28433
80
52716
13043
4176
2985
37
6573
21067
384
56057
21757
7072
3388
2
3118
16901
24
52927
20330
6743
3366
289
3246
6
13914
180
40504
11126
3011
3968
15
2313
2
15223
548
51899
16943
3708
3663
1
1821
1
20837
92
49658
15225
4027
3542
15
2297
19870
136
206
3005
x
x
5498
50
256
1441
x
x
5532
1
24
46
158
x
2419
4979
12
85
214
206
x
526
990
2418
2
140
441
388
x
2327
26
418
53
-
279
193
295
x
2668
520
872
26
271
454
x
1843
629
599
502
3
762
574
x
2686
79
187
37
505
855
40
515
x
2125
264
204
543
53202
2955
816
243
6716
15647
2285
499
986
92197
11160
1435
462
3523
15429
2394
16499
2698
105117
9790
832
327
2123
13084
2423
20452
3515
108847
7478
307
1685
834
15821
713
20423
1706
140645
9416
12
2435
464
18884
589
4676
3654
183721
7428
807
1394
601
15475
297
2322
2788
177778
4429
556
1960
446
7395
288
10958
4619
164354
3504
859
2878
609
10510
303
11579
3722
180929
3148
1253
3124
513
5628
166
18867
3001
21
10814
2863
x
x
9357
236
1542
26339
1895
x
x
8585
2783
9060
194
26099
x
6091
1475
6869
2307
11231
2890
32967
x
7289
647
1831
364
354
1887
22490
8230
42839
x
15392
845
3081
560
5191
1894
26594
14312
52875
x
49113
2857
1142
213
3609
862
34612
12601
31135
x
60291
2331
714
10
4571
287
37801
9728
18848
x
53354
2207
809
24
7332
134
50415
9678
17667
x
56817
3377
897
22
6222
12762
13716
10073
6392
3230
1186
1368
1166
1123

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA EUROPE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
35537
25596
19781
18218
9747
6663
5916
5491
4429
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
25095
1283
2383
6331
154
54
4005
804
286
1426
125
122
5126
1826
387
18
89
573
103
15893
1582
1572
2680
241
8
2439
851
134
125
4183
637
254
5
1182
-
11025
1351
858
203
1697
144
3
1017
573
52
3681
649
3
794
-
11983
2
1897
559
871
9
534
634
362
1
1287
3
3
18
10
995
156
896
117
2657
58
310
3
178
421
2
8106
1844
1
214
717
108
1061
1010
4
323
53
538
1570
65
494
100
4
-
6172
1514
20
523
13
30
397
449
1
295
48
592
1909
99
212
70
5601
1330
36
625
42
60
391
5
1155
1587
68
302
-
5361
1312
16
720
16
152
502
733
1832
78
-
4249
866
16
1017
2
150
298
2
451
1447
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
2491
15
520
5
-
3862
861
4
861
-
4676
1249
100
284
100
1249
-
6157
790
48
217
-
1641
143
529
62
2
2
-
489
355
-
210
10
1
130
1
180
1
1951
2136
1694
5102
903
134
199
129
179
7951
5841
4080
78
105
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IEA EUROPE
(thousand tonnes)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
33590
31963
25277
28036
32165
29452
19592
21664
18230
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
25347
275
2633
274
4161
4095
6035
3171
1
540
1530
52
938
167
15
237
21
244
90
74
149
645
23616
1
1001
1373
1378
3454
2461
1975
4042
15
21
1287
1211
107
1282
286
179
79
389
1666
287
1122
-
20776
1
1216
1471
2282
1387
2815
1167
4942
18
793
600
61
3
1341
339
1
186
198
275
864
52
764
-
22161
12
1050
1414
1874
3214
2559
1152
5655
1
374
20
686
307
50
617
311
304
151
404
2
129
809
11
1054
1
31217
1643
610
864
2382
3
1228
2415
15884
2
322
7
468
923
164
363
603
117
5
1217
12
441
172
20
1351
1
28922
2182
864
19
719
1154
963
3115
13364
144
321
44
596
5
245
38
651
495
127
437
722
10
58
208
8
66
2314
53
19275
1975
201
8
829
307
224
1941
7940
145
51
568
1234
162
556
235
758
265
544
3
207
75
74
176
790
7
20940
1447
607
46
685
803
190
1909
8802
158
56
604
1172
50
370
461
1387
245
449
4
52
311
29
218
876
9
17675
23
1362
258
45
812
258
52
721
7024
66
89
54
477
846
80
156
423
2023
190
559
1
54
294
602
17
1164
25
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
85
31
-
1636
13
77
3
188
722
10
3
1
1
16
375
-
4980
37
1
-
908
2
2
3
16
4
526
4
1
436
5
109
21
1
3
2
-
318
1
22
2
31
15
5
393
44
35
2
82
46
8
54
1355
316
4942
881
80
82
242
176
8158
6711
3779
895
40
208
406
162
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
1978(1)
AUSTRALIA*
200
180
180
160
160
140
140
120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

400
80
350
70
300
60
250
50
200
40
150
30
100
20
50
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

450
300
Other use
400
250
350
300
200
250
150
200
150
100
100
50
50
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
AUSTRALIA
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
81.51
32.26
37.98
4.83
5.04
1.40
-
99.43
39.03
42.96
10.66
5.16
1.59
0.03
-
123.18
49.97
44.57
21.12
5.66
1.74
0.12
-
154.44
68.79
48.79
27.53
7.19
2.01
0.13
-
179.97
74.76
56.79
38.37
7.94
1.35
0.77
-
178.18
73.39
56.95
37.83
7.51
1.53
0.97
-
171.14
59.37
55.69
45.39
7.68
1.82
1.19
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.46
2.61
0.95
9.07
0.68
1.27
-
1.86
1.94
1.23
2.96
1.42
-0.63
11.19
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
277
0.29
13.6
5.99
137.7
119.8
76.4
64
..
1980
334
0.30
14.8
6.72
139.6
120.4
95.8
95
55.3
1990
451
0.27
17.2
7.17
127.9
114.0
115.6
154
74.3
2000
645
0.24
19.3
8.01
112.3
109.9
108.2
210
94.0
2009
853
0.21
22.2
8.12
98.9
90.2
96.1
244
105.8
2010
874
0.20
22.6
7.90
95.5
86.4
92.9
242
110.6
2011e
893
0.19
22.9
7.49
89.8
68.4
..
238
110.3
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.91
3.36
-0.43
-1.45
1.37
1.37
1.07
0.48
-0.43
-1.45
-0.29
-1.37
2.47
-1.09
5.27
2.27
..
2.01
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
36.14
22.71
9.64
-
62.50
74.47
14.61
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
37.67
30.88
30.47
-
64.63
93.94
45.99
-
2005
2009
2010
2011e
100.89
113.27 e
20.95
-
124.82
141.25
23.59
-
126.23
172.12
24.09
-
158.44
156.51
24.11
-
142.20
164.41
23.24
-
4.67
10.40
3.52
-
4.76
3.78
2.54
-
103.75
135.68 e
67.29
-
128.36
173.67
70.53
-
129.81
209.80
72.04
-
162.93
189.07
72.09
-
146.23
198.58
69.50
-
4.60
9.72
3.49
-
4.73
3.56
2.27
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
AUSTRALIA
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
56.54
7.42
34.66
3.02
4.99
6.45
-
66.84
6.44
38.46
7.18
5.00
0.03
9.73
-
80.78
6.37
41.43
12.35
4.65
0.12
15.87
-
99.38
5.98
49.59
16.27
6.20
0.12
21.22
-
108.76
5.09
54.90
18.86
4.81
0.22
24.87
-
106.65
4.82
53.66
18.11
4.84
0.28
24.94
-
107.54
4.35
54.40
18.78
4.95
0.35
24.72
-
2.12
-0.89
1.05
8.64
-0.42
5.45
-
1.44
-1.89
1.37
2.12
0.31
5.60
2.24
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
21.81
6.99
7.96
1.88
2.13
2.85
-
25.12
5.85
7.69
4.89
2.71
3.99
-
27.44
5.98
4.13
7.95
2.12
7.27
-
33.96
5.75
5.07
10.16
3.51
9.46
-
33.30
4.82
4.87
11.49
2.50
9.62
-
31.74
4.57
4.63
10.69
2.48
9.36
-
32.01
4.12
5.09
11.03
2.56
9.20
-
1.36
-0.92
-3.79
8.86
-0.04
5.67
-
0.77
-1.84
1.06
1.65
0.95
1.19
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
18.47
0.03
18.36
-
24.04
0.01
23.92
-
30.16
0.10
29.82
0.01
36.65
0.13
35.81
0.43
41.38
0.19
39.88
0.58
40.77
0.18
39.14
0.61
40.88
0.18
39.22
0.62
2.93
7.63
2.89
-
1.53
2.70
1.38
20.75
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.08
7.21
0.27
1.13
0.67
0.11
8.63
0.28
1.12
1.38
0.22
10.70
0.08
0.54
2.70
0.29
12.94
0.03 e
0.50
3.64
0.23
0.50
14.11
0.02
0.49
4.20
0.33
0.51
14.34
0.01
0.41
4.33
0.40
0.47
14.51
0.01
0.40
4.42
6.13
2.35
-6.76
-4.23
8.58
3.79
1.54
-11.55
-1.50
2.50
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.86
2.29
1.61
0.13
0.16
0.22
2.26
0.03
3.56
3.43
0.31
0.72
0.46
2.53
0.12
4.74
4.97
0.21
0.37
1.04
2.67
0.12
5.99
7.20
0.07 e
0.45
1.54
2.04
0.22
7.14
9.61
0.06
0.85
1.35
1.99
0.27
7.33
9.88
0.05
0.88
1.45
1.96
0.33
7.39
9.84
0.05
0.88
1.49
-0.72
4.35
6.85
2.67
5.00
9.62
-1.27
5.41
2.25
3.47
-7.18
4.48
1.81
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.10
3.63
3.38
0.26
0.03
1.90
4.12
3.67
0.45
3.35
5.65
5.01
0.64
0.01
5.13
6.32
5.84
0.49
0.03
0.01
7.31
7.30
6.06
1.24
0.03
0.01
7.46
6.90
5.88
1.03
0.03
0.01
7.37
7.21
6.00
1.21
6.79
2.63
2.35
5.54
4.02
1.23
0.91
3.21

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
AUSTRALIA
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
1973
1980
1990
2000
57.5
-25.2
-0.0
74.1
0.0
-39.7
4.6
151.6
-96.1
-5.5
235.1 e
-173.5
7.1
32.3
39.0
50.0
0.0
0.0
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2009
2010
2011e
322.4
0.0
-241.5
-6.2
339.1
0.0
-271.6
6.0
329.8
0.0
-262.9
-7.6
5.9
8.2
4.1
5.3
68.8
74.8
73.4
59.4
2.6
1.9
0.1
-0.4 e
-1.3
-1.3
..
-24.8 e
-31.9 e
-43.2 e
-62.0 e
-68.0 e
-66.7
..
3.3
2.2

-19.7
-19.7
-
-28.8
-28.1
-0.7
-41.3
-40.4
-0.9
-60.0 e
-59.4 e
-0.7 e
-66.4
-66.4
-0.0
-64.3
-64.3
-0.0
..
..
..
4.4
4.3
-
2.2
2.4
-13.8
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
..
-0.4
-15.0
-5.4 e
-0.2
-2.4 e
-2.8
-
-3.6 e
-0.2
-2.2 e
-1.2
-
-2.2 e
-0.1
-1.4 e
-0.8
-
-2.1 e
-0.0 e
-1.5
-0.5
-
-1.6 e
-0.0
-1.2 e
-0.4
-
-2.4
-0.0
-1.6
-0.8
-
..
..
..
..
..
-5.1
-5.3
-3.3
-7.3
-
0.4
-4.7
0.8
-0.1
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.7
-0.5
-0.7
-1.0
..
19.7
3.4
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
-0.5 e
..
7.4
6.4
6.4
6.0
4.8
4.4
..
-0.9
-1.9
7.0
3.0 e
0.4
0.9
0.3
2.3
5.8
2.9 e
0.4
0.8
0.3
1.5
6.0
2.1 e
0.4
0.8
0.3
2.3
5.8
1.8 e
0.3 e
0.7 e
0.3
2.7 e
4.6
1.2 e
0.3
0.8
0.1
2.1
4.1
1.0
0.3
0.8
0.1
1.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
-0.9
-2.1
0.2
-0.7
-0.4
0.0
-1.8
-3.6
-2.2
0.3
-5.9
-1.0
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
..
7.6
2.7
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.4
0.1
0.3
-
0.6
0.3
0.3
-
0.3
0.2
0.1
-
0.1
0.1 e
0.0 e
-
0.1
0.1
0.0
-
0.1
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-1.9
2.7
-6.8
-
-8.1
-7.2
-11.5
-
..
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

AUSTRALIA
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
24.24
20.89
20.53
0.36
0.04
3.17
0.37
0.15
0.88
0.28
1.49
0.25
-
43.37
38.20
37.75
0.45
4.85
0.34
0.13
0.97
0.35
3.06
0.15
-
56.03
51.10 e
50.91 e
0.19 e
4.69
0.10 e
0.09
0.79 e
0.33
3.39 e
0.04
-
66.19
60.96
60.96
0.80 e
4.08
0.12 e
0.19
1.08
0.25
2.43 e
0.05
-
67.21
61.81
61.81
0.82 e
4.25
0.03 e
0.22
1.15
0.20
2.66 e
0.03
-
66.72
61.81
61.81
0.55 e
4.05
0.12 e
0.23
0.96
0.16
2.58 e
0.02
-
64.06
59.32
59.32
0.70
3.74
0.02
0.23
0.99
0.14
2.36
0.02
-
4.97
5.16
5.21
1.82
3.59
-0.73
-1.34
0.83
1.89
6.15
-3.93
-
1.97
2.23
2.29
-1.29
-12.55
2.79
0.07
-4.32
-1.29
-9.48
-
7.22
7.22
-
5.93
5.93
-
4.80
4.80
-
4.46
4.46
-
4.55
4.55
-
3.48
3.48
-
4.15
4.15
-
-1.62
-1.62
-
-1.78
-1.78
-
30.47
27.32
26.32
0.99
2.85
0.31
0.26
0.04
0.00
-
45.99
44.14
43.07
1.07
1.78
0.07
0.03
0.00
0.05
-
70.53
68.10
68.10
1.00
0.00
0.00
-
69.91
69.71
69.71
0.68
0.00
0.00
-
72.04
72.29
72.29
0.60
0.00
0.00
-
72.09
71.55
71.55
0.48
0.00
0.00
-
3.49
4.08
4.19
0.62
-3.84
-11.23
0.96
-
2.27
2.45
2.57
-6.39
-14.75
2.05
-
67.29
66.34 e
65.25 e
1.09 e
0.96 e
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
AUSTRALIA
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
10.83
67.03
..
29.05
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
29.69
67.03
..
34.33
..
..
..
..
95.78
..
..
..
..
103.03
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Australian dollars / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
8.91
80.22
..
35.11
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
25.19
80.22
..
38.52
..
..
..
..
157.84
..
..
..
..
178.78
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.01
0.01
-
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.05
34.17
4.24
29.77
0.16
96.07
39.96
55.58
0.52
126.55
54.63
71.55
0.37
173.46
77.02
96.43
0.02
215.70
94.23
121.47
0.00
234.23
101.08
133.15
-
241.49
119.71
121.79
-
271.63
118.70
152.93
-
262.93
126.35
136.58
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
AUSTRALIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
31029
49382
57750
74291
99161
124914
125238
157265
140455
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
29177
374
32
1173
191
1319
22640
1330
10
992
593
469
54
41759
16
64
2106
2055
29251
3064
1380
1186
516
2121
-
44002
1054
200
1917
25
1181
28579
4944
713
694
702
912
3081
-
54258
1524
466
2310
204
2752
30774
9032
703
129
896
535
1608
3325
-
73658
1833
463
3739
2619
2914
39174
10358
666
2194
1767
992
1451
5488
-
83834
1881
555
392
3895
1746
14
129
2527
44962
12457
588
5652
2470
1226
720
4451
169
72553
1573
337
366
1488
1376
147
1502
42217
13049
478
3495
620
992
1712
3201
-
81628
1034
389
76
2506
1160
55
1559
48462
15864
336
3342
1069
1486
909
3381
-
77522
1314
413
68
2560
1275
1621
42604
16443
254
3837
1721
1223
736
3453
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1852
164
981
32
675
-
7623
958
192
1990
312
2042
595
688
35
680
13748
1291
560
2798
323
4844
2256
454
300
734
20033
3448
211
3851
459
9555
710
597
384
818
25293
4988
174
6273
10588
1554
595
1051
36950
3094
4193
7091
353
17442
46
2807
784
737
48351
4194
14789
2659
142
24279
74
1224
276
571
71427
4234
27282
5357
324
31377
1434
603
671
59564
2882
15716
8050
30915
967
608
356
131
188
70
403
143
145
70
210
4130
4334
4210
3369
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
AUSTRALIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
5522
39259
45646
62411
87801
107415
136504
135352
144055
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
4809
150
682
458
1489
320
932
778
29523
771
99
2557
508
591
125
577
226
15256
5453
2464
455
441
-
38304
129
120
1149
934
125
133
528
26569
3633
4236
205
155
29
328
31
51291
1116
1023
1076
276
61
121
695
366
34556
9662
1562
264
110
44
25
142
192
70498
428
1301
142
434
72
110
284
2623
428
47449
11452
2550
16
1445
83
55
1499
127
85460
17
412
469
115
568
1165
141
57574
17970
4238
760
56
671
164
45
993
102
99351
23
54
151
1428
672
62577
30142
2176
934
93
310
277
376
138
95691
309
66
516
66413
24840
3109
126
59
73
13
167
98650
691
501
66961
28273
1703
58
145
318
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
193
76
117
8072
2189
3761
93
2029
7342
158
2443
3046
47
33
1615
11120
3420
5920
110
1670
17303
1429
10034
2469
72
3299
21955
33
2121
14329
1461
4011
37153
4
9301
20302
70
827
221
6428
39661
20
15189
19553
610
4289
45404
41
17841
20124
495
2
6901
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
520
1664

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
AUSTRALIA
13. Coal export values by destination*
(average unit value, FOB, USD/tonne)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
47.72
44.23
32.85
88.94
84.16
194.87
143.83
171.76
..
Exports to:
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other OECD
Non-OECD
51.66
x
x
x
47.00
46.30
x
x
46.76
46.98
50.32
x
x
48.27
50.15
x
50.25
47.25
48.21
48.23
44.65
x
x
x
43.07
43.41
x
x
42.06
43.37
44.75
x
49.00
48.65
48.95
x
44.26
45.13
44.96
46.32
31.01
x
x
x
33.37
30.46
x
x
34.97
31.64
34.10
x
x
34.81
38.71
x
32.55
33.80
37.46
34.47
104.61
x
x
125.25
96.94
99.12
..
..
102.14
83.74
98.18
..
..
98.95
117.03
..
108.84
100.80
89.68
88.25
89.48
x
x
104.79
89.99
102.27
66.59
..
99.64
79.50
92.15
..
..
95.80
96.65
..
77.14
91.38
92.28
88.74
193.95
x
x
303.82
193.92
240.18
..
..
229.97
193.79
213.20
..
..
231.74
275.66
..
237.21
200.63
208.03
186.29
133.96
x
x
151.00
193.51
165.59
..
..
174.51
165.07
196.55
..
..
160.60
146.05
..
161.37
149.63
127.84
131.20
198.00
x
x
..
220.90
184.82
..
..
208.24
154.53
197.71
..
..
188.97
198.20
..
160.25
163.56
162.39
181.42
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Steam coal(2,3)
38.34
34.99
24.27
48.86
51.11
92.23
80.03
85.82
..
Exports to:
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other OECD
Non-OECD
38.42
x
32.29
x
33.82
37.74
x
x
x
40.03
36.31
x
x
32.00
x
x
x
35.45
38.42
35.56
33.43
x
24.73
x
32.97
29.61
x
34.14
37.75
36.85
33.03
x
31.12
x
37.85
x
x
x
34.96
31.43
20.72
x
17.01
x
19.14
x
24.07
21.21
21.30
24.72
20.65
x
x
21.16
29.22
x
27.11
20.98
25.67
23.50
x
x
44.09
..
45.88
x
..
29.92
x
49.42
60.71
..
..
42.82
67.75
..
x
54.27
49.30
46.65
x
x
x
..
44.93
x
..
75.25
x
54.61
49.60
..
..
71.08
60.32
..
x
x
47.51
45.14
153.74
x
x
..
75.81
x
..
129.29
x
103.23
86.94
..
..
122.95
109.33
..
x
125.83
73.30
82.28
x
x
87.04
..
67.68
x
..
..
x
88.54
78.94
..
..
44.47
90.88
..
x
65.52
76.03
71.55
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
89.03
x
..
x
x
120.56
..
x
x
83.10
82.42
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(2) Weighted average of individual countries using import volumes as weights.
(3) Bituminous steam coal only.
IEA/OECD, 2012
Note: On occasion, shipment of extremely small quantities of high valued coal results in high export costs.
AUSTRIA*
60
120
50
100
40
80
30
60
20
40
10
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

7
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Other use
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
Coal
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
AUSTRIA
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
30.68
5.53
17.30
4.72
1.02
2.30
-0.19
-
33.08
5.22
17.26
5.93
1.62
3.53
-0.49
-
35.49
5.85
14.82
7.40
3.57
3.87
0.01
0.02
-0.06
-
40.80
5.13
16.76
9.31
4.48
5.14
0.04
0.10
-0.17
0.01
45.37
4.10
17.05
10.68
7.95
5.03
0.05
0.42
0.10
0.00
48.34
4.87
17.57
11.73
8.61
4.72
0.05
0.50
0.29
0.01
46.61
5.07
16.92
11.11
7.77
4.14
0.05
0.53
1.01
0.01
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.86
0.33
-0.91
2.68
7.63
3.10
-6.90
-
1.56
-0.91
0.86
2.33
4.50
0.99
11.96
17.10
x
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
142
0.22
7.6
4.04
136.8
207.2
93.3
31
37.1
1980
173
0.19
7.5
4.38
121.0
160.4
99.9
42
45.5
1990
215
0.16
7.7
4.62
104.2
144.4
103.9
49
59.7
2000
281
0.15
8.0
5.09
91.9
97.2
96.1
60
85.4
2009
320
0.14
8.4
5.43
89.7
68.2
96.5
66
103.1
2010
327
0.15
8.4
5.76
93.4
79.1
98.1
68
110.2
2011e
337
0.14
8.4
5.56
87.4
79.9
..
62
118.3
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.49
2.12
-1.59
-0.55
0.07
0.44
0.79
1.11
-1.59
-0.55
-2.10
-2.97
0.63
-0.29
2.78
1.62
2.84
3.11
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
1.35
-
0.91
0.00
0.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-3.25
-
0.00
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
3.08
-
2.45
0.00
1.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-1.88
-
0.00

IEA/OECD, 2012
AUSTRIA
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
23.73
3.35
14.21
2.07
0.99
3.11
-
26.63
2.81
13.94
4.04
1.51
4.06
0.27
28.16
1.93
12.63
4.34
3.12
0.01
0.02
5.25
0.87
33.63
1.25
14.83
6.10
3.55
0.01
0.09
6.33
1.46
39.12
0.90
16.13
6.97
5.27
0.01
0.16
7.53
2.14
37.47
0.74
15.44
6.43
5.25
0.01
0.18
7.25
2.18
39.50
0.72
15.82
7.01
5.68
0.01
0.23
7.54
2.49
1.01
-3.21
-0.69
4.45
7.01
3.14
-
1.71
-4.81
1.13
2.43
3.04
3.84
12.76
1.82
5.37
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
7.46
1.09
3.19
1.65
0.05
1.49
-
7.04
1.31
1.42
2.27
0.30
1.74
-
7.40
0.91
0.96
2.33
0.87
2.21
0.11
8.60
0.89
0.81
2.98
1.20
2.54
0.17
10.88
0.76
1.00
3.46
2.16
3.22
0.28
10.74
0.64
1.06
3.39
2.01
3.28
0.35
10.78
0.61
0.92
3.45
2.15
3.28
0.36
-0.05
-1.05
-6.80
2.07
18.50
2.35
-
1.90
-1.98
-0.21
1.98
4.62
2.00
5.97
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
5.53
0.16
5.12
0.03
5.84
0.02
5.49
0.05
6.93
0.00
6.44
0.14
9.27
0.00
8.62
0.21
11.47
10.13
0.35
11.18
9.81
0.26
11.47
10.17
0.20
1.34
-21.12
1.36
9.94
2.55
2.31
1.93
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
0.22
8.17
2.03
4.33
0.13
0.00
0.28
7.28
1.33
3.11
0.55
0.01
0.34
8.34
0.94
2.44
1.09
0.02
0.43
9.03
0.30
2.45
1.60
0.55
0.43
9.14
0.11
1.90
1.68
0.69
0.41
8.95
0.07
1.77
1.74
0.67
0.43
9.85
0.08
1.97
1.91
5.41
2.73
0.12
-4.39
-3.33
13.14
24.25
1.12
0.84
-11.74
-1.06
2.85
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.93
0.75
0.71
0.06
0.02
0.07
1.21
1.08
2.62
0.15
1.20
0.43
1.99
0.01
1.46
0.40
2.44
0.04
0.56
0.26
2.05
0.05
1.84
0.73
3.63
0.04
0.62
0.84
2.17
0.11
2.16
1.03
4.38
0.01
0.74
1.02
2.16
0.12
2.18
0.92
3.37
0.01
0.49
0.53
2.41
0.15
2.22
1.12
4.03
0.01
0.42
0.89
4.57
4.03
7.56
-3.05
21.96
8.17
0.95
13.42
2.12
5.22
2.53
-8.47
-1.44
6.32
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.56
1.76
0.00
1.56
0.19
0.83
2.30
0.00
1.56
0.73
0.11
0.01
0.01
1.12
0.35
2.22
0.01
1.70
0.50
0.11
0.01
0.04
1.42
0.55
2.35
0.01
1.89
0.45
0.10
0.01
0.06
1.64
0.82
2.47
0.02
2.00
0.44
0.10
0.01
0.06
1.29
0.90
2.46
0.02
1.96
0.49
0.11
0.01
0.08
1.51
1.00
2.55
0.02
1.99
0.54
4.15
1.39
12.38
0.50
5.85
0.21
3.84
11.77
1.54
5.35
0.70
2.45
0.79
0.33

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
AUSTRIA
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1.5
4.4
-0.1
-0.2
1.2
4.0
-0.0
0.0
0.9
4.5
-0.0
0.4
0.4
4.4
-0.1
0.4
0.0
4.0
-0.0
0.2
0.0
4.3
-0.0
0.6
0.0
4.6
-0.0
0.5
-2.7
0.2
-17.0
-33.0
-0.3
8.9
Primary supply
5.5
5.2
5.9
5.1
4.1
4.9
5.1
0.3
-0.9
0.0
0.0
-0.0
-0.1
0.0
-0.0
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-1.8 e
-2.2 e
-3.3 e
-3.1 e
-2.6
-3.2
..
3.6
-0.2

-1.2
-1.0
-0.2
-1.2
-1.0
-0.2
-2.4
-2.1
-0.3
-2.0
-1.6
-0.4
-1.6
-1.1
-0.5
-2.0
-1.4
-0.6
..
..
..
4.0
4.2
3.3
-0.9
-1.9
3.0
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.0
-1.1 e
0.1
-1.0 e
-0.1
-
-1.0 e
-0.9 e
-0.1
-
-0.9 e
-0.7 e
-0.1
-
-1.1 e
-1.0 e
-0.1
-
..
-15.7
-1.0
-0.9
-0.1
-
-1.1
-1.1
-0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
-1.1
-2.1
3.0
-
1.4
1.9
-2.9
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.3
-0.1
-0.7
-0.7
-0.8
-0.9
..
5.4
1.8
Losses
-0.1
-0.0
3.4
2.8
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
1.9
1.3
0.7
0.7
..
-3.2
-4.8
1.1
0.7 e
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
1.3
1.1 e
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.9
0.6 e
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.9
0.5 e
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.1
-1.6
-1.6
7.5
4.4
-13.0
-2.0
-2.4
0.0
-2.6
1.0
-3.9
Transport(7)
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-21.1
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
2.1
0.1
2.0
0.0
1.5
0.2
1.3
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
-4.3
-3.1
-4.4
3.1
-11.6
-8.5
-11.7
-11.6
Non-energy use
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
12.4
2.4
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
0.5
-0.0

IEA/OECD, 2012

AUSTRIA
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.32
-
1.82
1.42
1.37
0.05
0.21
0.01
0.20
0.00
0.19
0.00
1.89
1.42
1.36
0.06
0.35
0.06
0.21
0.09
0.08
0.00
2.22
1.89
1.84
0.04
0.28
0.00
0.04
0.15
0.09
0.05
0.00
2.24
1.74
1.70
0.04
0.30
0.00
0.02
0.22
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.00
1.65
1.20
1.16
0.04
0.33
0.00
0.02
0.22
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.96
1.57
1.54
0.03
0.24
0.00
0.02
0.13
0.10
0.00
0.00
14.21
83.11
82.59
15.22
21.10
-4.29
-
0.38
0.51
0.58
-1.86
0.76
5.39
-2.30
21.36
-17.51
-3.41
2.01
2.01
-
2.34
2.34
-
1.88
1.88
-
1.90
1.90
-
1.86
1.86
-
1.69
1.69
-
1.84
1.84
-
1.28
1.28
-
-1.19
-1.19
-
2.99
2.03
1.99
0.04
0.03
0.21
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.15
0.03
0.64
-
2.50
2.13
2.08
0.05
0.15
0.01
0.13
0.00
0.22
-
1.34
1.23
1.19
0.04
0.07
0.00
0.07
0.05
-
1.21
1.14
1.12
0.02
0.06
0.01
0.06
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
-
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
-1.47
0.43
0.37
2.75
-2.72
2.69
-1.05
-15.69
-8.63
-
-23.44
-14.15
-2.23
-17.18
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
AUSTRIA
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
173.19
69.15
74.24
80.98
92.64
115.57
c
c
..
56.94
51.28
..
92.70
132.84
..
129.35
249.60
..
141.37
153.71
..
115.56
270.09
..
144.01
357.11
..
90.20
..
74.62
..
73.76
78.84
..
87.74
..
121.26
82.29
..
98.87
135.70
133.63
54.73
..
..
128.14
..
178.69
..
..
258.08
..
249.48
..
..
490.10
..
243.64
..
..
355.95
..
208.76
..
..
438.29
..
246.99
..
..
580.23
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
172.67
100.14
100.80
63.15
104.94
122.74
c
c
..
58.33
76.31
..
70.45
146.66
..
83.53
234.14
..
96.07
151.74
..
82.37
279.65
..
97.72
351.99
..
93.75
..
108.06
..
100.14
64.10
..
99.39
..
128.78
59.37
..
99.39
136.41
125.94
58.45
..
..
190.67
..
141.58
..
..
284.92
..
167.96
..
..
459.75
..
172.62
..
..
351.38
..
155.14
..
..
453.82
..
174.72
..
..
571.90
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
3.57
0.30
1.99
0.11
1.17
4.54
1.18
2.36
0.01
0.99
3.76
1.16
1.76
0.01
0.83
4.38
1.60
1.72
0.03
0.01
1.03
5.72
2.18
2.05
0.05
0.01
1.42
5.57
2.07
1.92
0.06
0.02
1.51
3.95
1.39
1.65
0.06
0.01
0.85
4.30
1.64
1.32
0.05
0.00
1.28
4.59
1.46
1.73
0.06
0.00
1.35
0.06
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.07
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
AUSTRIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
2553
3983
3645
3023
3463
4448
3219
3139
3346
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
2006
662
205
470
-
2483
652
147
784
503
-
2376
746
566
456
-
1778
1778
-
1738
1187
551
-
2063
992
9
519
501
-
1661
1003
372
286
-
1327
945
366
-
1740
1359
381
-
669
x
x
-
397
x
x
-
x
608
-
x
-
x
-
x
31
11
-
x
-
16
x
-
x
-
301
8
260
-
1116
66
57
949
19
-
1233
29
1189
9
1216
15
10
1087
9
1709
307
44
1358
-
2337
922
72
1327
1
1520
640
94
711
11
1796
837
74
300
540
-
1604
399
82
876
94
33
x
x
-
x
x
25
6
x
-
95
x
-
x
-
10
x
5
-
x
36
28
-
1
x
24
20
-
25
x
100
2
26
-
246
384
36
29
16
48
38
16
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
AUSTRIA
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
214.20
68.06
85.39
..
307.83
295.92
289.94
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
242.07
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
66.80
44.57
116.18
114.81
170.22
148.12
161.66
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
63.72
73.62
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
43.50
45.11
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
406.70
129.52
100.29
155.09
..
..
..
133.90
70.33
135.44
..
116.79
106.74
159.43
472.80
..
..
117.62
118.57
..
321.27
165.34
165.52
185.60
505.58
..
..
..
177.48
..
..
144.57
133.63
173.85
..
..
..
..
175.05
..
..
152.93
138.27
226.78
..
241.64
..
..
126.39
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
BELGIUM*
100
140
90
120
80
100
70
60
80
50
40
60
30
40
20
20
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

20
20
18
18
16
16
14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

100
140
90
Other use
120
80
100
70
60
80
50
60
40
30
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
10
BELGIUM
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
65.70
15.97
39.55
10.20
0.01
0.03
0.02
-0.09
-
66.81
16.28
33.34
12.73
0.08
4.67
0.03
-0.32
-
68.98
15.10
25.65
11.67
1.08
15.91
0.03
0.00
0.00
-0.46
-
83.58
11.25
33.23
19.09
1.48
17.93
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.53
-
81.57
4.25
34.21
21.58
3.94
17.58
0.04
0.01
0.16
-0.23
0.03
86.94
4.56
35.42
24.22
4.44
17.85
0.04
0.01
0.24
0.07
0.09
79.93
3.83
32.40
20.40
4.43
17.96
0.02
0.01
0.49
0.31
0.08
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.29
-0.33
-2.52
0.79
30.09
45.13
2.63
9.84
-
1.16
-5.81
1.63
3.72
7.34
0.58
0.80
3.58
27.00
x
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
191
0.34
9.7
6.76
154.9
440.2
84.3
41
54.4
1980
229
0.29
9.9
6.78
131.1
373.3
88.9
53
58.5
1990
280
0.25
10.0
6.92
110.9
283.7
97.5
70
70.6
2000
349
0.24
10.2
8.16
107.9
169.7
104.6
83
76.8
2009
391
0.21
10.8
7.56
93.9
57.2
92.9
90
103.8
2010
400
0.22
10.9
7.99
97.8
59.9
98.0
94
115.9
2011e
407
0.20
10.9
7.30
88.3
49.4
..
88
122.4
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.28
1.80
-1.95
-0.63
0.15
0.44
0.14
0.72
-1.95
-0.63
-2.55
-7.48
0.86
0.03
3.28
1.45
1.55
2.51
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
3.81
3.19
-
1.69
-
0.29
-
0.08
-
-5.18
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
3.81
4.90
-
2.36
-
0.38
-
0.11
-
-5.92
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
BELGIUM
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
48.19
8.15
28.80
6.57
4.20
0.46
46.12
6.05
24.08
10.11
5.33
0.56
45.81
5.05
23.04
9.74
0.54
0.00
7.12
0.32
59.12
3.68
29.93
14.52
0.76
0.00
9.53
0.70
60.51
1.72
31.32
15.23
1.39
0.01
10.16
0.68
56.03
1.07
28.47
14.45
1.72
0.02
9.49
0.82
59.55
1.12
28.65
16.57
2.00
0.02
10.24
0.95
-0.30
-2.78
-1.30
2.34
3.15
-2.14
1.32
-7.24
1.09
2.69
6.78
14.30
1.83
5.70
19.41
5.06
7.46
3.68
2.75
0.46
16.00
4.57
3.65
4.33
2.94
0.51
15.02
4.30
2.31
4.12
0.27
3.75
0.27
18.32
3.40
2.29
6.58
0.54
4.90
0.61
15.29
1.47
1.02
6.59
0.89
4.79
0.53
12.97
0.71
0.93
5.71
0.93
4.01
0.67
14.94
0.94
0.87
6.60
1.06
4.69
0.78
-1.50
-0.95
-6.67
0.67
1.83
-3.08
-0.03
-7.33
-4.73
2.39
7.02
1.12
5.50
6.31
0.02
6.20
-
7.72
0.00
7.60
-
9.69
9.53
-
11.69
11.52
-
13.10
12.75
-
13.06
12.44
-
12.41
11.68
-
2.55
2.57
-
1.25
1.02
-
0.10
15.78
3.07
10.21
1.56
0.12
13.70
1.48
7.00
3.58
0.15
11.82
0.75
4.98
3.55
0.18
13.53
0.28
5.39
4.70
0.14
0.21
12.54
0.22
4.80
4.71
0.41
0.22
11.83
0.33
3.93
4.73
0.52
0.21
12.81
0.17
4.30
5.46
2.53
-1.68
-7.99
-4.14
4.95
1.66
0.40
-7.25
-0.73
2.18
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.93
1.52
0.00
0.59
0.51
1.61
0.02
4.25
0.00
2.23
1.34
0.26
2.26
0.03
4.11
1.65
1.48
0.22
0.00
2.92
0.02
4.92
1.19
2.21
0.32
0.01
2.45
0.02
6.74
1.65
2.42
0.32
0.01
2.48
0.02
6.57
1.36
2.46
0.36
0.01
2.49
0.02
7.19
1.55
2.79
5.34
6.02
6.20
6.42
1.61
0.48
-2.27
2.84
-0.31
3.23
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.41
4.52
3.69
0.83
0.65
0.03
3.73
2.87
0.86
0.96
0.02
4.48
3.88
0.60
0.00
0.00
1.50
0.02
9.63
8.60
1.03
0.01
0.00
2.56
0.10
11.63
0.03
10.33
1.27
0.01
0.00
2.64
0.10
10.36
0.01
9.13
1.21
0.01
0.00
2.73
0.11
10.85
9.61
1.23
5.08
-0.06
0.29
-1.87
5.37
8.71
4.52
4.64
3.68

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
BELGIUM
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
9.2
7.6
-1.1
0.3
6.7
11.5
-1.2
-0.7
1.7
15.3
-1.6
-0.3
0.3
11.8
-1.6
0.7
4.6
-1.2
0.8
5.5
-1.0
0.1
4.7
-0.7
-0.1
-9.5
4.2
2.2
-5.0
-2.5
Primary supply
16.0
16.3
15.1
11.3
4.3
4.6
3.8
-0.3
-5.8
1.5
-0.4
-0.0
-0.5
-0.0
-0.0
..
-8.2
-9.1 e
-9.4 e
-6.7 e
-3.0 e
-3.2
..
0.8
-5.3

-3.9
-3.9
-
-5.5
-4.8
-0.7
-6.5
-6.0
-0.5
-4.7
-4.5
-0.2
-2.1
-2.0
-0.1
-1.9
-1.8
-0.1
..
..
..
3.0
2.5
-
-6.0
-5.8
-7.4
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.0
0.0
-4.3
-3.8
-0.6
0.1
-3.6 e
-2.9 e
-0.8
0.0
-2.9 e
-2.3 e
-0.5
0.0 e
-2.0 e
-2.0 e
-0.0
0.0
-1.0 e
-0.7 e
-0.2
-
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
..
-1.3
-1.0
-0.3
-
..
..
..
..
..
-2.3
-2.7
-0.6
-34.9
-4.0
-4.2
-3.0
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-1.1
-0.8
-0.7
-0.3
-0.1
-0.2
..
-2.6
-5.7
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
..
8.2
6.0
5.1
3.7
1.1
1.1
..
-2.8
-7.2
5.1
3.5
0.1
1.0
0.4
4.6
2.9 e
0.1
1.5
0.0
0.2
4.3
2.9 e
0.2
0.8
0.0
0.3
3.4
2.8 e
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.3 e
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.9
0.5
0.4
0.0
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.0
-1.1
2.2
-1.0
-2.0
-7.3
-8.7
-4.3
-1.4
-6.5
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
3.1
0.0
3.1
-
1.5
0.0
1.5
-
0.7
0.7
-
0.3
0.3
-
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
..
..
..
..
-8.0
-8.0
-
-6.7
-7.3
-
0.0
..
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

BELGIUM
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
8.76
4.44
4.18
0.26
0.12
0.03
2.66
0.17
0.03
2.44
0.02
1.63
-
9.00
6.64
6.34
0.30
0.00 e
0.41 e
1.37
0.10 e
0.14
0.87
0.05
0.22 e
0.70
-
7.00
4.37
4.31
0.07
0.01
0.98 e
0.98
0.48 e
0.36
0.04
0.10 e
0.30
-
4.29
3.05
2.98
0.06
0.01
0.48 e
0.36
0.12 e
0.12
0.04
0.08 e
0.19
0.01
2.97
1.95
1.87
0.09
0.01
0.40 e
0.37
0.08 e
0.17
0.04
0.08 e
0.23
0.03
2.72
1.74
1.66
0.08
0.05 e
0.30
0.00 e
0.17
0.05
0.09 e
0.37
0.02
2.29
1.52
1.47
0.05
0.17
0.36
0.24
0.04
0.08
0.20
-
0.22
3.41
3.53
1.22
-32.76
-5.39
-4.36
13.74
-8.25
20.19
-6.77
-
-6.61
-7.10
-7.05
-8.33
-4.30
-6.45
-6.24
-0.80
-4.83
-6.22
-
7.52
0.20
0.18
0.02
7.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
7.16
7.16
-
4.05
3.86
-
3.26
3.37
-
2.91
2.82
-
1.96
2.05
-
2.63
2.59
-
-0.42
-0.03
-
-4.89
-4.95
-
0.28
0.28
0.28
-
0.22
0.22
0.22
-
0.21
0.21
0.01
0.20
-
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.00
-
0.17
0.15
0.00
0.14
0.00
-
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.01
-
-0.61
-0.78
-0.78
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
BELGIUM
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
53.08
66.67
65.42
59.60
91.13
96.10
57.28
112.16
85.35
42.95
129.79
c
105.36
x
c
171.19
x
c
100.77
x
c
..
x
c
..
x
c
29.62
63.67
66.67
..
71.79
55.41
61.72
91.13
102.02
112.22
..
57.55
112.16
105.16
110.12
..
47.21
129.79
117.76
c
..
..
x
220.57
c
..
..
x
444.57
435.39
..
..
x
300.97
324.61
..
..
x
384.64
276.04
..
..
x
516.81
329.33
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
31.61
72.53
65.69
37.68
105.23
102.43
31.93
114.20
80.22
35.54
196.15
c
64.68
x
c
89.29
x
c
55.31
x
c
..
x
c
..
x
c
18.34
49.73
72.53
..
72.09
36.42
51.17
105.23
117.80
119.61
..
42.07
114.20
107.07
103.50
..
51.22
196.15
177.97
c
..
..
x
247.31
c
..
..
x
423.54
382.89
..
..
x
301.74
300.41
..
..
x
404.49
267.96
..
..
x
517.35
304.31
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
7.72
3.51
3.49
0.71
15.33
7.24
7.13
0.08
0.88
14.81
8.21
5.27
0.06
1.27
11.84
6.84
3.82
0.06
1.12
8.37
4.61
3.53
0.06
0.17
7.79
3.88
2.99
0.08
0.83
4.64
2.74
1.67
0.05
0.19
5.45
2.38
2.80
0.07
0.20
4.66
1.73
2.70
0.02
0.21
0.47
0.12
0.10
0.24
1.60
0.65
0.03
0.92
1.33
0.76
0.00
0.57
1.59
1.16
0.09
0.04
0.30
1.10
1.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
1.17
1.05
0.12
1.16
0.76
0.01
0.39
0.97
0.47
0.06
0.44
0.74
0.32
0.03
0.40

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
BELGIUM
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
7007
9598
15037
14294
11566
9010
4978
5772
4760
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
3490
209
148
59
1751
392
22
833
15
4663
16
94
1028
540
2951
-
7132
1015
236
690
105
32
4897
-
5267
1614
205
20
66
3171
15
3818
1109
678
74
1898
-
3533
2003
227
1303
-
1666
300
140
14
2
1147
63
2801
1149
1562
90
2704
1368
1211
79
15
46
x
x
-
34
x
x
-
157
x
-
176
x
-
59
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
12
34
3517
26
2316
105
129
72
4657
205
28
1067
59
39
671
246
7629
388
66
721
242
67
981
60
8832
1283
20
301
318
66
983
75
7529
2354
12
118
225
76
309
48
5271
947
43
155
436
62
411
29
3140
77
140
86
36
471
20
2726
200
19
145
23
46
636
58
1988
167
137
35
577
28
606
233
x
x
30
112
51
2078
73
x
x
28
292
170
6
4365
x
234
1
36
299
269
4855
x
154
111
17
81
-
167
431
11
3028
x
705
19
3
23
-
58
5
2081
x
944
98
2
114
1900
x
206
90
166
1120
x
125
188
305
466
x
273
278
276
195
219
206
172
245
68
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
BELGIUM
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
122
1075
724
818
1340
1199
876
545
360
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
122
61
1
21
1
13
6
18
1
-
1021
2
317
345
14
2
79
87
21
7
28
18
101
-
724
1
360
67
5
61
179
4
43
4
-
818
352
204
50
182
25
3
2
-
1340
2
609
495
7
40
136
6
15
15
15
-
1199
377
334
2
37
423
17
7
2
-
876
406
204
136
129
1
-
535
257
159
32
6
81
-
358
1
1
23
111
73
148
1
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
54
2
-
52
10
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
BELGIUM
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
63.93
57.74
44.05
108.68
120.51
163.26
146.61
180.40
..
63.54
63.80
254.00
60.08
62.61
..
..
..
54.18
..
58.30
56.91
..
57.96
58.28
63.59
..
..
49.03
..
38.58
43.97
..
..
52.54
..
..
..
41.49
..
125.12
148.24
..
133.14
96.51
285.09
..
..
67.23
75.13
135.93
136.78
..
..
104.33
163.87
..
..
78.76
91.44
184.60
..
..
..
141.00
241.46
..
..
139.94
172.22
314.05
166.36
..
..
140.30
..
..
..
79.53
..
215.58
109.55
..
..
186.51
..
..
..
91.21
139.54
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
45.57
47.94
39.88
70.83
82.81
150.58
109.92
114.02
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
50.57
57.14
..
48.40
51.01
48.49
51.92
70.09
44.88
44.83
45.93
66.64
..
46.66
49.77
45.65
53.17
..
43.64
43.65
40.41
42.87
..
31.66
48.91
58.92
35.18
25.33
36.80
37.03
97.75
102.49
..
63.56
..
..
73.98
..
68.15
67.19
90.32
72.46
..
158.69
90.95
653.12
84.14
71.07
80.05
82.65
199.82
..
..
270.57
140.60
..
..
163.57
128.43
139.75
272.28
95.33
..
72.53
139.10
x
152.05
273.22
97.91
89.68
160.77
111.61
..
89.28
141.31
x
96.91
..
97.65
106.33
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Coking coal(2)
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
IEA/OECD, 2012
CANADA*
450
160
400
140
350
120
300
100
250
80
200
60
150
100
40
50
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

50
70
45
60
40
50
35
30
40
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

700
600
600
500
500
Other use
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
100
CANADA
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
227.64
21.81
113.41
53.25
11.16
5.82
23.91
-1.72
-
275.16
30.33
126.46
65.07
10.92
14.86
30.86
-3.35
-
297.92
34.65
109.31
78.18
11.65
27.71
36.46
0.00
-0.04
-
2000
359.20
45.22
124.43
106.05
16.70
27.10
44.05
0.04 e
-4.38
-
2009
2010
2011e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
358.21
31.74
121.99
111.96
16.99
33.54
45.29
0.83
-4.13
-
359.77
31.84
123.47
112.28
17.21
33.75
43.18
1.20
-3.16
-
365.82
27.75
117.50
125.30
17.30
33.85
46.24
2.47
-4.60
-
1.60
2.76
-0.22
2.28
0.25
9.62
2.51
-19.53
-
2011e
1234
0.30
34.4
10.62
86.5
62.0
..
636
91.6
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.07
2.40
-1.43
-1.41
1.23
1.05
0.36
-0.10
-1.43
-1.41
-0.30
-2.75
0.76
-1.77
3.47
1.17
1.77
1.30
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.95
-0.42
0.61
1.83
1.97
0.99
0.85
34.49
23.98
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
449
0.51
22.5
10.12
148.0
133.9
108.6
270
50.7
1980
568
0.48
24.5
11.22
141.2
147.0
118.1
373
55.6
1990
750
0.40
27.7
10.76
115.8
127.2
123.4
482
68.3
2000
1000
0.36
30.7
11.71
104.7
124.5
106.6
606
98.9
2009
1166
0.31
33.7
10.62
89.5
74.9
88.3
614
83.3
2010
1204
0.30
34.1
10.55
87.1
72.8
86.4
608
88.4

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
13.39
8.55
2.52
-
27.17
22.44
4.57
-
23.92
19.79
5.44
-
22.60 e
17.48 e
5.44 e
-
19.39
19.31
5.14
-
23.75
19.48
5.00
-
24.84
18.44
4.74
-
6.07
8.37
5.10
-
-0.67
-0.71
0.45
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
13.78
11.64
5.07
-
27.66
31.27
9.41
-
28.16
29.81
11.19
-
26.61 e
27.72 e
11.02 e
-
22.98
29.40
10.55
-
28.16
29.48
10.26
-
29.45
27.93
9.73
-
5.98
8.58
5.29
-
0.09
-0.29
0.44
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
CANADA
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
187.58
7.56
108.07
33.89
10.88
27.04
0.14
221.60
6.26
114.27
51.75
10.60
37.25
1.47
227.24
4.57
98.27
61.86
10.26
51.37
0.91
271.06
5.18
115.40
76.30
13.85
59.17
1.16
286.01
4.70
128.06
76.02
14.72
61.41
1.09
272.79
4.83
121.02
74.15
14.36
57.15
1.26
279.97
4.41
128.82
74.17
14.26
57.74
0.57
1.13
-2.91
-0.56
3.60
-0.35
3.85
11.78
1.05
-0.18
1.36
0.91
1.66
0.59
-2.27
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
65.12
6.81
20.06
16.95
8.15
13.01
0.14
71.59
5.92
16.56
23.14
7.87
16.67
1.43
67.46
4.03
9.70
24.07
8.13
20.63
0.90
78.73
4.76
9.22
27.59
11.03
24.98
1.15
76.04
4.24
8.33
30.01
10.85
21.65
0.96
73.09
3.76
8.87
29.38
9.91
19.91
1.26
76.67
4.21
10.31
31.99
9.18
20.41
0.57
0.21
-3.04
-4.19
2.08
-0.02
2.75
11.73
0.64
0.21
0.31
1.43
0.61
-0.05
-2.23
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
48.00
0.18
47.42
-
63.31
60.70
2.33
61.60
57.06
4.14
74.49
66.95
6.79
80.62
74.57
4.57
82.13
76.64
3.89
84.98
79.46
3.52
1.48
1.09
-
1.62
1.67
-0.81
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.40
36.34
0.57
17.92
8.73
0.28
40.43
0.11
14.67
12.49
0.40
41.03
0.07
6.66
16.22
0.19
0.56
44.10
0.05
4.64
19.80
1.00
0.48
46.61
0.04
2.95
21.15
1.12
0.47
45.91
0.00
4.10
20.27
1.54
0.46
44.25
0.00
3.77
18.88
0.06
0.72
-11.87
-5.66
3.71
0.72
0.38
-12.26
-2.80
0.76
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.73
6.38
24.13
0.00
8.93
8.20
2.73 e
10.42
26.13
0.04
7.08
10.05
2.13
15.95
0.00
31.04
0.01
5.82
11.89
2.63
16.98
39.17
0.00
8.25
15.45
2.87
19.59
45.63
11.83
15.14
3.32
18.22
0.00
36.63
3.62
15.62
3.52
18.07
35.97
3.64
14.67
-1.44
5.54
1.49
6.38
-2.48
2.21
2.54
0.63
0.74
-2.32
1.06
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
7.00
10.44
10.44
-
8.92
0.04
16.66
0.19
13.14
3.33
13.31
0.01
21.47
0.47
16.16
4.83
15.46
0.01
28.56
0.37
22.35
5.84
0.01 e
18.52
0.13
31.64
0.41
26.78
4.45
0.01 e
17.39
0.00
29.71
1.07
24.39
4.26
0.02
17.64
0.00
32.05
0.20
27.59
4.26
3.86
4.33
2.61
-
1.42
-14.40
2.02
-4.11
2.71
-0.63

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
CANADA
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
16.7
15.0
-10.9
1.0
29.3
15.4
-14.9
0.5
54.2
13.6
-30.6
-2.5
49.2
21.5
-27.5
2.1
43.8
10.4
-24.2
1.7
48.2
10.8
-28.1
0.9
48.0
8.4
-28.6
-0.0
7.2
-0.5
6.3
-0.6
-1.1
-0.4
21.8
30.3
34.6
45.2
31.7
31.8
27.8
2.8
-0.4
0.5
0.1
1.7
1.2
3.1
3.3
..
-14.7 e
-24.2 e
-31.7 e
-41.1 e
-29.9 e
-30.7 e
..
4.6
-0.2

-11.9
-11.9
-
-21.5
-21.4
-0.0
-30.0
-30.0
-0.0
-39.7
-39.6
-0.1
-28.8
-28.8
-0.0
-29.2
-29.2
-0.0
..
..
..
5.6
5.6
-
-0.1
-0.1
-13.7
Autoproducers
Gas works
..
-2.8 e
-2.1 e
-0.7
-
-2.7 e
-2.3 e
-0.4
-
-1.6 e
-1.5 e
-0.1
-
-1.4 e
-1.4 e
-0.0
-
-1.2 e
-1.0 e
-0.2
-
-1.5 e
-1.1 e
-0.4
-
..
..
..
..
..
-3.2
-1.7
-13.0
-
-0.5
-1.8
8.9
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
..
2.6
-6.2
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
..
7.6
6.3
4.6
5.2
4.8
4.4
..
-2.9
-0.2
6.8
3.7 e
0.7
0.3
2.2
5.9
4.1 e
0.0
0.3
0.3
1.1
4.0
2.4 e
0.7
0.1
0.8
4.8
2.7 e
1.0
0.1
1.0
3.8
2.0 e
1.8
4.2
2.2 e
2.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-3.0
-2.5
-0.0
-4.4
-5.6
0.2
-0.5
4.7
Transport(7)
0.2
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.6
0.0
0.6
-
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-11.4
6.4
-11.9
-
-12.7
-12.3
-
0.2
0.5
0.4
1.1
0.2
..
-4.1
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

CANADA
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
19.71
18.31
18.30
0.01
1.42
0.07
0.26
0.36
0.28
0.45
0.18
-
34.77
33.07
33.05
0.02
1.22
0.69
0.09
0.44
0.09
0.26
47.30
44.97
44.97
0.01
1.74
1.03
0.03
0.67
0.05
0.33
44.78
41.87 e
41.86 e
0.01 e
1.86
1.20 e
0.02 e
0.64 e
0.03
0.53
40.65
41.06
41.05
0.01
2.30
2.30
0.45
35.16
33.13
33.12
0.00
1.91
1.91
1.22
34.32
33.65
33.64
0.00
2.21
2.21
0.19
4.84
5.05
5.05
2.12
-1.26
5.41
-8.64
-0.17
-5.61
-
-0.06
0.09
0.09
-7.24
3.02
8.38
-1.49
6.78
6.98
-
5.02
5.00
-
4.46
4.23
-
4.29
4.29 e
-
5.08
4.26
-
3.67
3.04
-
3.72
3.87
-
-2.46
-2.74
-
-1.49
-1.27
-
4.98
4.60
4.60
0.28
0.17
0.11
0.11
-
9.36
9.08
9.08
0.17
0.10
0.08
0.01
0.09
11.21
10.86
10.86
0.16
0.10
0.07
0.04
0.14
11.14
10.61 e
10.61 e
0.10
0.06 e
0.04 e
0.05
0.16
9.80
9.67
9.67
0.09
-
10.42
10.08
10.08
0.01
-
10.14
10.10
10.10
0.01
-
5.40
5.83
5.83
-3.97
-4.60
-3.07
-18.83
-
0.40
0.53
0.53
0.53
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
CANADA
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
37.88
51.11
34.43
61.02
..
48.90
..
..
..
20.54
87.53
104.81
28.16
144.70
175.22
33.19
..
..
29.21
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
43.98
62.70
51.91
..
43.30
..
..
93.40
..
65.09
..
..
87.58
..
54.28
..
..
148.04
..
69.84
..
..
243.30
..
226.41
..
..
416.74
..
273.98
..
..
315.10
..
134.26
..
..
402.25
..
124.55
..
..
540.64
..
139.38
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Canadian dollars / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
37.62
79.95
50.49
62.00
..
73.37
..
..
..
26.55
178.28
200.12
29.70
240.46
272.97
30.85
..
..
29.03
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
51.08
73.20
81.21
..
63.50
..
..
149.50
..
97.67
..
..
164.86
..
95.79
..
..
301.51
..
133.36
..
..
404.30
..
352.73
..
..
610.17
..
376.07
..
..
493.24
..
197.03
..
..
568.31
..
164.97
..
..
733.74
..
177.34
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
14.21
8.51
5.30
0.40
13.63
9.08
4.22
0.33
9.94
5.25
3.88
0.80
21.51
13.98
4.15
2.76
0.62
16.81
8.61
4.09
4.03
0.00
0.09
13.68
0.94
12.65
0.00
0.08
30.64
4.08
26.37
0.00
0.19
33.72
5.33
28.05
0.33
27.54
3.14
24.11
0.30
24.08
1.18
22.68
0.01
0.06
0.15
2008
2009
2010
2011e
e
e
e
e
e
16.45
6.56
3.18
5.93
0.00
0.79
10.42
5.11
2.14
2.83
0.00
0.34
10.84
4.75
2.99
2.36
0.00
0.74
8.42
3.55
3.64
0.82
0.00
0.40
e
e
e
e
e
27.58
4.11
22.47
0.87
0.06
0.07
24.18
5.72
18.16
0.01
0.06
0.23
28.11
4.75
23.22
0.00
0.06
0.08
28.64
4.86
23.33
0.03
0.06
0.35

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
CANADA
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
14250
14579
14169
9735
23231
20745 e
12912
12611
9352
5454
5454
-
6188
6188
-
4491
4491
-
4129
4129
-
4296
4296
-
4228 e
4160 e
-
2219
2204
-
3092
3092
-
3770
3770
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
9 e
x
59 e
x
15
x
-
x
-
8796
8796
-
8391
8391
-
9678
9639
-
5606
5095
-
18935
18531
-
16516 e
21 e
12855 e
-
10691
200
7745
73
9515
1
7247
26
5575
3
230
3236
7
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
39
-
511
x
-
155
61
x
26
91
71
51 e
2086
x
350 e
62 e
625 e
466
1
1930
544
x
157
41
-
2044
x
12
153
32
-
1785
x
145
108
61
-
1 e

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CANADA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
13017
22483
26851
28564
28386
26710 e
21531
27528
27666
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
12217
147
164
10934
668
150
154
-
20715
62
130
352
123
33
17026
2041
195
313
330
110
19908
6
224
41
379
72
159
16569
369
519
102
51
645
772
25594
261
267
58
370
104
968
15495
4280
517
459
161
337
155
257
1171
734
22752
374
312
585
792
1170
12085
3851
385
408
338
819
1093
540
22087
58
368
516
494
1757
1469
6794
4770
406
807
344
1025
1677
1602
15842
241
257
116
532
464
6719
4440
141
836
831
317
948
20735
48
215
416
166
1250
1014
8691
5294
302
707
59
69
838
283
1383
20793
55
216
422
208
640
1000
7307
6513
193
1264
221
118
849
430
1357
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
800
600
200
-
1768
899
496
38
31
235
1745
1108
300
129
208
2586
1078
1264
46
50
148
2795
1471
1324
-
4623
1718
956
1274
426
104
5689
934
3684
793
118
160
6724
1637
4341
637
109
6873
2281
3073
1069
60
280
110
69
145 e
5198
384
2839
69
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CANADA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
World
971
4895
4149
5429
3696
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
971
27
309
492
83
56
4
4389
78
328
56
384
203
26
34
1516
1469
28
112
155
2826
120
479
18
64
1933
18
194
5289
13
207
164
86
255
2483
1719
315
47
3419
151
55
14
1244
1767
80
108
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
506
506
-
98
98
-
140
140
-
1225
277
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
2009
2010
2011e
1366 e
6939
5751
5933
1319
180
726
169
244
5860
45
2206
3375
141
93
4202
44
1
2005
1670
395
1
86
4625
1
2040
2229
207
99
2
47
2 e
2 e
-
1079
822
255
2
-
1549
55
1493
1
-
1308
1306
1
1
-
e
e
45 e

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CHILE*
50
250
45
40
200
35
30
150
25
20
100
15
10
50
5
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

8
4
3
3
2
2
1
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

70
80
60
70
Other use
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
CHILE
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
12.14
1.71
7.10
0.75
1.89
0.69
0.00
-
13.54
1.74
7.24
1.03
2.56
0.97
-
20.01
3.57
9.24
1.63
4.48
1.10
-
35.96
4.39
14.97
7.44
6.75
2.27
0.15
-
42.12
5.03
21.95
3.98
7.87
3.11
0.01
0.17
-
44.17
6.52
21.44
6.38
7.01
2.67
0.04
0.12
-
46.30
7.46
22.11
6.74
7.28
2.58
0.04
0.09
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.98
4.41
1.56
4.67
5.19
2.79
-
4.04
3.06
4.30
7.06
2.27
4.54
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
28
0.44
10.1
1.20
127.8
189.1
64.4
9
..
1980
36
0.38
11.2
1.21
110.5
149.3
66.8
12
..
1990
52
0.39
13.2
1.52
112.8
210.9
73.2
18
..
2000
96
0.37
15.4
2.34
109.1
139.5
93.5
40
80.0
2009
132
0.32
16.9
2.49
93.3
116.8
100.3
61
100.5
2010
139
0.32
17.1
2.58
93.0
143.9
96.6
60
101.0
2011e
147
0.31
17.3
2.68
91.9
155.3
..
66
106.5
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.74
5.05
-0.73
-0.96
1.57
1.31
1.39
2.69
-0.73
-0.96
0.64
-1.89
0.76
1.39
4.45
6.13
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
1.10
0.02
-
2.07
-
0.35
-
0.38
-
0.34
-
0.36
-
0.38
-
5.46
-
-8.35
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
1.13
0.03
-
2.18
-
0.37
-
0.54
-
0.64
-
0.62
-
0.65
-
5.65
-
-6.11
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
CHILE
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
9.32
1.01
5.49
0.06
1.87
0.90
-
10.42
0.81
5.76
0.14
2.51
1.20
-
15.86
0.90
7.84
1.29
3.92
1.90
-
29.12
0.91
13.12
4.70
5.88
4.52
-
32.29
0.76
16.48
2.00
6.47
6.57
-
32.17
0.39
16.65
2.07
6.43
6.64
-
34.02
0.60
17.26
3.36
6.08
6.72
-
3.18
-0.66
2.12
20.19
4.47
4.53
-
3.89
-1.98
4.02
4.92
2.21
6.52
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
3.30
0.66
1.72
0.00
0.34
0.58
-
3.97
0.63
1.78
0.01
0.75
0.79
-
4.87
0.75
1.91
0.00
0.96
1.25
-
9.50
0.84
2.93
0.96
1.62
3.16
-
12.13
0.71
4.64
0.09
2.21
4.49
-
11.73
0.35
4.53
0.22
2.14
4.50
-
12.42
0.57
4.31
1.57
1.56
4.40
-
2.31
0.72
0.63
3.08
6.35
4.56
-
4.79
-1.32
4.15
34.62
2.46
6.51
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.62
0.18
2.42
-
2.99
0.07
2.89
-
4.35
4.32
0.01
8.09
8.06
0.01
9.76
9.69
0.02
9.85
9.77
0.03
10.20
10.13
0.03
3.03
3.47
-
4.35
4.35
5.94
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.02
3.02
0.06
1.25
0.04
0.02
3.12
0.06
0.98
0.11
0.03
4.46
0.08
1.08
0.18
0.03
6.95
0.03
1.55
0.35
0.05
7.14
0.02
1.28
0.51
0.05
7.29
0.01
1.37
0.53
0.05
7.57
0.01
1.33
0.56
0.55
2.31
2.15
-0.86
8.79
3.62
2.68
-9.64
1.07
5.67
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.53
0.14
0.15
0.02
0.01
1.76
0.22
0.21
0.02
0.02
2.58 e
0.53
0.68
0.01
0.18
0.03
4.25 e
0.76
0.89
0.03
0.23
0.08
4.26 e
1.07
1.62
0.02
0.49
0.16
4.29 e
1.09
1.65
0.02
0.47
0.19
4.52 e
1.15
1.95
0.01
0.66
0.17
3.13
7.96
9.17
-2.72
6.78
2.83
3.93
5.40
-0.44
6.87
9.10
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.12
0.01
0.01
-
0.17
0.01
0.01
-
0.38
0.09
1.31
0.25
1.06
0.00
0.55
3.42
0.12
3.30
0.94
1.41
0.20
1.22
0.98
1.41
0.31
1.10
1.11
1.46
0.43
1.03
-2.01
30.79
18.65
-
13.61
0.56
2.74
-0.12

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
CHILE
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1.4
0.3
-0.0
0.1
1.1
0.9
-0.0
-0.3
2.1
1.6
-0.1
0.3
4.2
-0.0
-0.1
0.3
4.8
-0.1
0.4
5.4
0.7
0.4
7.1
..
2.5
10.7
-
-8.4
6.3
-
1.7
1.7
3.6
4.4
5.0
6.5
7.5
4.4
3.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.6
-0.1
..
-0.6
-0.8
-2.7 e
-3.4 e
-5.0 e
-5.7 e
..
9.0
3.9

-0.4
-0.4
-0.0
-0.7
-0.7
-0.0
-2.5
-1.7
-0.8
-3.1
-3.1
-0.0
-4.8
-4.8
-
-5.5
-5.5
-
..
..
..
10.8
8.4
33.5
4.1
6.1
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
..
5.2
-5.1
-0.2
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.2
-0.2
-0.0
-
-0.2 e
-0.2 e
-0.0
-
-0.4 e
-0.3 e
-0.0
-
-0.2 e
-0.2 e
-0.0
-
-0.2 e
-0.2 e
-0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
1.0
4.2
-8.4
-
-1.5
-1.5
-1.1
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.1
..
4.0
1.6
Losses
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
..
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.4
0.6
..
-0.7
-2.0
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.1 e
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.8
0.1 e
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.1 e
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.1 e
0.1
0.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
-2.6
-0.0
-0.1
2.2
-1.3
-0.7
-4.4
-0.5
Transport(7)
0.2
0.1
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
-0.4
-2.7
2.1
-2.2
-7.8
-0.4
-9.6
-10.1
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

CHILE
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.99
0.42
0.41
0.01
0.03
0.38
0.13
0.00
0.25
0.06
-
3.23
2.48
1.69
0.79
0.66
0.19
0.01
0.46
0.09
-
3.88
3.13
3.12
0.01
0.72
0.24
0.04
0.45
0.02
-
3.87
3.20
3.19
0.01
0.64
0.20
0.44
0.03
-
7.05
5.97
5.97
0.01
0.60
0.33
0.01
0.26
0.02
-
6.23
5.85
5.85
0.19
0.05
0.01
0.13
0.02
-
7.84
7.42
7.42
0.50
0.08
0.42
0.01
-
10.37
15.91
12.52
42.76
4.78
3.46
7.32
5.37
3.64
-
4.54
5.63
7.67
-1.43
-4.39
-0.50
-11.79
-
0.39
0.39
-
0.49
0.49
-
0.71
0.71
-
0.70
0.70
-
0.68
0.68
-
0.59
0.59
-
0.51
0.51
-
2.06
2.06
-
0.17
0.17
-
0.03
0.03
0.03
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
CHILE
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
32.41
..
..
58.26
..
..
116.66
..
..
95.43
..
..
83.62
..
..
106.83
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.06
..
..
..
..
144.74
..
..
..
..
196.62
..
..
..
..
130.57
..
..
..
..
269.88
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Chilean pesos / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
17.49
..
..
32.62
..
..
61.08
..
..
53.34
..
..
42.65
..
..
51.66
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
55.45
..
..
..
..
75.78
..
..
..
..
109.90
..
..
..
..
66.59
..
..
..
..
130.50
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.28
0.18
0.10
1.62
1.11
0.47
0.04
2.14
1.42
0.68
0.05
4.20
3.50
0.68
0.03
3.49
2.75
0.68
0.06
5.94
5.18
0.70
0.06
4.76
4.22
0.55
-
5.44
5.00
0.44
0.00
7.07
6.45
0.63
-
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
CHILE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
185
372
1660
2209
4402
4010
6255
6933
9000
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
185
-
372
-
492
-
715
-
714
-
692
411
281
-
560
334
189
37
-
450
296
154
-
640
382
258
-
x
x
185
x
x
372
x
492
x
715
x
714
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
1168
-
1494
-
3688
1330
805
158
3318
437
260
523
254
5695
99
40
696
141
6483
647
1591
57
8360
644
3309
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
1168
x
1494
62
631
121
x
111
470
1266
x
578
4144
512
x
63
3427
746
x
15
3859
544
x
4
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CHILE
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
..
..
107.89
115.82
229.08
220.52
198.18
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
107.43
108.56
..
..
..
..
2551.00
..
..
..
114.51
118.06
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
197.90
280.70
..
..
903.61
..
..
..
..
..
218.94
236.39
..
..
156.11
..
2738.47
..
..
..
192.86
208.56
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
57.96
69.83
116.10
93.65
84.48
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
70.59
63.95
..
..
47.31
..
78.19
45.50
..
..
75.37
70.19
..
..
43.23
..
84.44
51.52
..
..
133.55
148.33
..
..
91.35
..
..
96.33
..
..
93.89
97.93
..
..
55.63
..
92.14
138.21
..
..
81.90
122.44
..
..
63.59
..
94.19
82.57
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
CZECH REPUBLIC*
80
120
70
100
60
80
50
40
60
30
40
20
20
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

100
200
90
180
80
160
70
140
60
120
50
100
40
80
30
60
20
40
10
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Other use
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
10
CZECH REPUBLIC
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
64.51
50.83
12.37
1.46
0.13
-0.27
-
67.07
47.78
15.48
3.70
0.29
-0.19
-
70.81
44.95
12.47
7.49
1.15
4.69
0.14
-0.09
-
58.56
30.83
11.03
10.71
1.95
5.06
0.22
-1.23
-0.00
60.10
25.13
13.10
9.61
3.39
10.16
0.30
0.06
-1.68
0.04
63.01
26.45
12.81
10.83
3.79
10.46
0.34
0.13
-1.84
0.04
61.29
25.24
12.51
10.30
4.14
10.56
0.26
0.32
-2.09
0.04
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.55
-0.72
0.05
10.11
0.42
-6.60
-
-0.58
-2.62
0.13
1.86
6.12
4.10
4.48
16.61
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
76
0.85
9.9
6.50
172.7
302.2
91.7
41
..
e
e
e
e
e
1980
90
0.75
10.3
6.49
151.4
239.5
99.3
53
..
e
e
e
e
e
1990
102
0.69
10.4
6.83
140.7
198.3
111.1
62
89.9
2000
106
0.55
10.3
5.70
111.5
130.3
109.1
73
74.9
2009
145
0.42
10.5
5.73
84.2
78.2
89.3
82
101.6
2010
149
0.42
10.5
5.99
85.9
80.1
90.6
85
112.1
2011e
151
0.41
10.5
5.82
82.2
75.2
..
87
119.8
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.77
1.90
-1.20
-2.44
0.26
0.07
0.29
-0.66
-1.20
-2.44
-2.45
-4.43
1.14
-1.02
2.46
1.59
..
1.11
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
14.81
6.57
37.25
0.17
13.78
4.98
33.12
-
7.92
5.54
22.32
-
6.92
5.09
21.66
-
5.76
4.42
19.62
-
5.87
4.71
19.03
-
5.05
5.46
18.65
-
-0.60
-2.28
-0.98
-
-4.17
-0.28
-2.73
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
18.55
10.60
88.84
0.60
14.38
8.03
78.98
-
8.14
6.72
50.31
-
7.14
6.12
48.77
-
5.90
5.10
45.42
-
6.02
5.41
43.77
-
5.18
6.27
42.90
-
-2.10
-2.28
-0.98
-
-4.26
-1.95
-2.91
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
CZECH REPUBLIC
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
44.78
28.93
11.07
1.16
3.62
-
49.51
28.04
13.18
1.68
4.65
1.95
48.99
19.92
11.71
6.06
1.15
5.92
4.23
36.70
6.65
10.42
8.45
1.36
6.07
3.75
38.84
4.25
13.28
8.49
2.51
0.01
7.13
3.18
36.89
4.21
12.52
7.80
2.64
0.01
6.75
2.96
38.65
4.17
12.24
9.07
2.91
0.01
7.03
3.21
0.53
-2.17
0.33
10.21
2.93
-
-1.18
-7.52
0.22
2.04
4.73
0.86
-1.36
25.18
16.34
5.88
0.66
2.31
-
26.80
16.70
6.96
0.40
2.73
-
22.73
10.29
4.13
3.45
3.31
1.54
13.03
4.75
0.93
3.72
0.20
2.33
1.11
11.42
2.97
0.59
3.20
0.74
2.99
0.91
10.59
3.04
0.61
2.74
0.76
2.68
0.76
11.28
2.87
0.67
3.28
0.77
2.83
0.86
-0.60
-2.68
-2.06
10.26
2.14
-
-3.44
-6.18
-8.69
-0.26
-0.78
-2.87
3.10
0.17
2.70
-
3.28
0.14
2.86
-
3.70
3.31
-
6.05
5.63
0.04
9.07
0.00
8.55
0.10
8.89
0.00
8.25
0.10
8.46
0.00
7.75
0.11
1.05
1.22
-
4.22
4.34
-
0.23
10.05
9.29 e
0.07
0.22
0.28
10.65
8.04 e
0.12
0.55
0.39
12.49
6.94 e
0.12
1.31
0.09
0.29
8.62
1.12
0.11
2.93
0.16
0.26
8.56
0.66
0.03
2.92
0.28
0.25
8.61
0.77
0.01
2.94
0.33
0.27
9.46
0.83
0.01
3.40
3.08
1.28
-1.70
3.64
11.22
-1.81
-1.38
-10.08
-13.86
4.88
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.48
0.89
0.39 e
0.25
0.76
1.18
2.26
0.33 e
0.13
0.63
1.15
1.18
1.78
4.32
2.09 e
0.07
1.04
1.04
1.70
1.73
4.26
0.34
0.01
1.58
1.51
0.01
1.81
1.64
4.44
0.11
0.02
1.90
1.48
0.01
1.80
1.59
4.20
0.03
0.02
1.79
1.65
0.01
1.85
1.71
4.46
0.04
0.02
1.97
5.42
9.76
10.30
8.86
1.81
2.25
-0.21
0.16
-18.11
-7.33
3.22
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.25
1.64
1.64
-
0.41
0.77
1.78
1.78
-
0.45
0.67
2.47
2.47
-
0.04
1.42
0.88
3.05
3.05
-
0.08
0.00
1.71
0.62
4.18
0.48
3.56
0.14
0.08
0.00
1.68
0.60
3.56
0.34
3.13
0.08
0.10
0.00
1.72
0.62
3.85
0.41
3.30
0.14
3.56
2.45
2.45
-
6.96
-0.37
2.24
1.46
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
CZECH REPUBLIC
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
57.8
2.3
-12.0
-0.3
51.9
2.2
-10.4
1.2
35.8
1.5
-8.3
1.8
29.8
2.7
-7.7
0.3
29.6
3.1
-7.4
1.1
29.2
3.1
-7.0
..
-0.3
15.0
6.3
-2.8
1.7
-1.7
-0.7
-2.6
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
54.3
0.2
-3.7
-0.0
Primary supply
50.8
47.8
45.0
30.8
25.1
26.5
25.2
1.8
2.0
-1.3
-0.6
0.5
0.2
..
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
-22.7 e
-20.7 e
-22.6 e
-23.1
-20.9 e
-21.9
..
-0.0
-0.2

-11.9 e
-11.9 e
-
-15.5 e
-15.5 e
-
-20.5 e
-17.4 e
-3.1 e
-21.3
-18.9
-2.4
-19.6
-17.3
-2.4
-20.7
-18.4
-2.3
..
..
..
3.3
2.3
-
0.0
0.3
-1.6
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
-0.9 e
-10.0 e
0.0 e
-2.6 e
-7.4 e
-
-0.9
-0.4
-0.2
-0.2
-0.1
..
-5.1
-4.5
-4.3 e
0.0
-2.6 e
-1.8 e
-
-1.8 e
-0.0
-1.7 e
-0.0 e
-
-1.7
0.0
-1.3
-0.4
-
-1.0 e
-0.0
-1.0 e
0.0
-
-1.1
-0.0
-1.1
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
-9.7
-2.3
-26.5
-
-2.2
55.5
-2.2
-
Energy ind. own use
-1.0 e
-1.0 e
..
-1.1 e
-0.5
-0.4
-0.5
..
0.8
-4.4
Losses
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
..
28.9
28.0
19.9
6.7
4.2
4.2
..
-2.2
-7.5
16.3
3.4 e
1.1 e
0.5 e
1.3 e
9.9 e
16.7
3.9 e
0.9 e
0.7 e
1.1 e
10.1 e
10.3
5.0 e
0.5
0.5
0.3
3.9 e
4.7
2.0
1.2
0.3
0.1
1.1
3.0
1.4 e
1.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
2.9
1.2
1.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
-2.7
2.3
-4.6
-0.3
-7.7
-5.3
-6.2
-6.8
4.2
-4.3
-5.2
-15.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
..
12.4
0.4 e
9.3 e
2.7 e
11.2
0.3 e
8.0 e
2.8 e
9.6
2.1 e
6.9 e
0.6 e
1.9
0.3
1.1
0.4
0.8
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.8
0.0
..
..
..
..
-1.5
10.3
-1.7
-8.5
-11.2
-18.1
-10.1
-15.2
0.3
0.4
..
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

CZECH REPUBLIC
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
9.81
7.85
1.10 e
0.05 e
0.60 e
0.04 e
6.05 e
1.96
-
10.12
4.94
3.75
1.19
0.03
3.05
0.85
0.04
0.47
0.03
1.66
2.11
-
5.75
3.90
3.79
0.11
1.46
0.79
0.15
0.25
0.01
0.26
0.75
-
4.89
3.27
3.23
0.04
1.31
0.83
0.20
0.21
0.02
0.04
0.21
-
5.13
3.54
2.96
0.58
1.14
0.67
0.17
0.26
0.01
0.03
0.07
-
3.83
3.54
3.16
0.38
0.96
0.59
0.16
0.16
0.02
0.02
0.08
-
4.44
3.88
3.65
0.23
0.68
0.29
0.18
0.18
0.02
0.02
0.11
-
0.26
-7.58
-2.11
-2.32
-2.01
-2.51
-10.23
0.60
-
-4.03
-1.20
-0.13
-7.90
-7.21
-5.32
7.66
-4.63
-2.46
-19.44
-13.88
-
4.97
4.56
0.04
0.04
0.00
-
4.33
4.34
-
4.30
4.30
-
2.93
2.95
-
3.37
3.24
-
-1.93
-3.17
-
-5.27
-4.73
-
50.37
41.15
37.36
3.79
0.44
1.35
4.94
0.21
2.41
0.20
0.23
1.90
2.47
-
47.62
40.95
37.13
3.82
0.54
1.49
3.32
0.09
2.60
0.03
0.21
0.40
1.31
-
45.38
40.21
36.64
3.57
0.33
1.64
2.16
0.06
1.58
0.08
0.18
0.26
1.35
-
44.24
37.56
34.23
3.33
0.34
1.51
2.85
0.05
2.35
0.04
0.22
0.19
1.20
-
43.73
38.88
35.53
3.35
0.29
1.56
2.87
0.06
2.34
0.04
0.24
0.19
1.30
-
-1.04
1.18
0.13
-0.10
-6.97
-6.80
-3.52
-5.93
2.43
-10.39
-6.96
-1.27
-
-2.45
-0.58
-0.41
-2.11
-9.10
-2.64
-4.44
-8.24
3.40
-11.64
-5.80
-14.43
-11.85
-
12.57
12.57 e
81.32
37.97 e
37.97 e
1.96
6.35
16.58
0.54
2.49
0.36
2.95
10.24
18.87
-
9.94
8.54 e
1.40
1.40 e
- e
71.77
43.71
38.58
5.13
1.94
2.67
7.12
0.35
1.20
0.48
0.79
4.31
16.19
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
CZECH REPUBLIC
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
10.29
52.02
..
20.49
111.20
94.07
26.48
69.18
122.50
21.88
81.86
113.74
c
152.18
..
c
321.95
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
..
..
52.02
..
..
24.44
52.62
111.20
..
94.07
31.30
64.92
69.18
..
122.50
26.96
50.73
81.86
..
114.82
c
c
152.18
180.93
227.47
c
c
321.95
377.42
477.63
c
c
c
260.90
410.76
c
c
c
309.60
412.63
c
c
c
388.75
459.68
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Czech crowns / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
0.05
1.02
..
0.13
2.72
2.17
0.26
2.50
4.18
0.31
4.31
5.65
c
4.96
..
c
7.49
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
..
..
1.02
..
..
0.24
0.88
2.72
..
2.17
0.45
1.60
2.50
..
4.18
0.56
1.82
4.31
..
5.70
c
c
4.96
5.90
7.01
c
c
7.49
8.78
10.49
c
c
c
6.77
10.06
c
c
c
8.04
10.12
c
c
c
9.35
10.43
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.52
0.25
0.27
2.25
2.09
0.15
2.61
1.46
0.86
0.29
1.48
0.68
0.22
0.00
0.59
1.91
0.66
0.42
0.00
0.83
2.94
0.93
1.13
0.02
0.86
2.74
0.90
0.85
0.05
0.94
3.14
0.92
0.92
0.03
1.28
3.11
0.97
1.17
0.04
0.92
12.32
0.37
5.56
3.31
3.09
10.38
0.47
4.22
4.03
1.66
10.84
1.35
5.05
2.82
1.62
8.26
2.51
3.42
1.29
1.03
6.60
2.06
2.99
0.54
1.02
7.33
1.66
3.98
0.83
0.86
7.69
2.48
3.90
0.64
0.66
7.43
2.50
3.43
0.59
0.92
7.03
3.35
2.48
0.60
0.60

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
CZECH REPUBLIC
1978(1)
(2)
Total coal
274 e
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
1378 e
2282
2690 e
1095
1264
2038
2067
2398
217
217
-
492
492
-
863
1
770
61
-
909
10
803
94
-
1163
983
164
-
890 e
890
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
31
-
x
2
-
15
x
1
-
274 e
274 e
-
1378 e
1378 e
-
2282
2282
-
1800
1800
-
877
869
-
771
2
733
1
1066
14
826
3
1100
2
699
8
1159
7
852
4
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
6
2
-
x
32
3
-
x
218
5
-
x
390
1
-
x
271
25
-
109
58
76

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1985

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CZECH REPUBLIC
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
4504
5180 e
3427
3210
3960
3499
2534
5041
1650
50
1
850
896
1594
-
3427
1244
744
538
901
-
3103
994
230
592
1287
-
3817
996
368
1150
1303
-
3388
945
383
727
1333
-
2449
731
213
440
1065
-
World
5934 e
5086
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
5934
600
59
69
5126
80
-
4874
652
6
4183
30
3
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
61
61
-
107
-
143
-
111
-
85
-
107
143
111
85
212 e
78
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
e
e
e
e
e
4504
785
28
10
3681
-
e
e

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CZECH REPUBLIC
(thousand tonnes)
1985
World
394 e
319
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
394
6
100
1
36
237
6
8
-
284
38
89
2
2
64
79
10
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
498
1835
2459
2051
2558
2773
3719
498
40
220
32
198
6
2
-
1000
458
1
59
304
178
-
2442
331
1033
43
102
931
2
-
2042
981
526
21
45
469
-
2534
1090
311
90
695
336
1
11
-
2772
1000
27
103
1257
315
1
69
-
3719
1064
40
39
2009
359
1
207
-
17
-
9
-
24
-
1
-
17
24
35 e
835
e
e
e
e
e
e

IEA/OECD, 2012
1978(1)
DENMARK*
35
700
30
600
25
500
20
400
15
300
10
200
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

60
80
Other use
70
50
60
40
50
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
DENMARK
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
27.13
2.76
23.89
0.00
0.51
0.00
-0.03
-
27.34
8.39
18.17
0.00
0.92
0.00
0.00
-0.15
-
24.80
8.70
10.93
2.60
1.63
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.87
0.00
26.62
5.69
11.45
6.35
2.49
0.00
0.00
0.53
0.08
0.00
26.22
5.72
9.61
5.56
4.41
0.00
0.02
0.85
0.04
0.01
27.50
5.44
9.76
6.32
5.12
0.00
0.01
0.98
-0.14
0.01
25.02
4.63
8.52
5.31
5.14
0.00
0.01
1.23
0.16
0.01
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
-0.53
6.99
-4.50
65.00
7.11
0.91
x
-
0.52
-2.32
-0.56
4.55
5.89
-1.43
7.72
13.48
x
1.85

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
136
0.20
5.0
5.40
190.4
98.5
91.1
19
..
1980
153
0.18
5.1
5.33
171.1
267.2
109.2
27
54.7
1990
187
0.13
5.1
4.83
126.4
225.5
116.6
26
72.1
2000
242
0.11
5.3
4.99
105.0
114.2
103.2
36
96.5
2009
253
0.10
5.5
4.75
99.0
109.9
95.6
36
85.8
2010
256
0.11
5.5
4.96
102.5
103.2
96.4
39
87.3
2011e
259
0.10
5.6
4.51
92.3
87.0
..
35
88.9
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.90
1.58
-2.38
-1.04
0.14
0.38
-0.66
0.14
-2.38
-1.04
5.00
-3.83
1.46
-0.95
1.82
2.02
..
0.96
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat

IEA/OECD, 2012
DENMARK
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
21.87
0.65
19.02
0.23
1.98
-
21.05
0.83
16.17
0.55
0.00
2.66
0.84
18.82
0.62
9.79
1.60
0.81
0.00
3.48
2.51
20.32
0.44
9.38
2.36
0.93
0.01
3.99
3.22
21.26
0.32
9.39
2.31
1.73
0.02
4.07
3.42
20.38
0.19
8.86
2.22
1.71
0.02
3.86
3.51
21.38
0.21
8.79
2.54
1.83
0.02
3.94
4.05
-0.88
-0.28
-3.83
7.65
3.39
-
0.64
-5.20
-0.54
2.34
4.18
8.87
0.62
2.42
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
4.79
0.33
3.81
0.08
0.57
-
4.51
0.56
3.02
0.11
0.71
0.11
3.85
0.46
1.31
0.76
0.16
1.04
0.11
4.19
0.38
1.08
1.11
0.16
1.23
0.23
3.85
0.25
0.93
1.02
0.29
1.18
0.18
3.34
0.14
0.78
0.94
0.28
1.04
0.17
3.48
0.15
0.79
1.02
0.28
1.06
0.17
-1.27
2.11
-6.07
4.01
3.64
-
-0.50
-5.45
-2.50
1.44
2.81
0.12
2.56
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.86
0.00
3.85
-
4.32
4.31
-
4.93
4.90
-
5.76
5.71
-
6.62
6.57
-
6.29
6.23
-
6.20
6.11
-
1.44
1.43
-
1.15
1.11
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.01
9.90
0.31
8.66
-
0.02
7.97
0.25
5.96
-
0.03
5.72
0.07
1.81
0.55
0.04
5.94
0.02
1.11
0.92
0.01
0.05
6.32
0.01
0.69
0.89
0.01
0.05
6.33
0.01
0.65
0.90
0.04
0.05
7.00
0.02
0.67
1.06
3.87
-3.18
-8.52
-8.79
-
3.48
1.02
-7.10
-4.82
3.34
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.12
0.81
0.46
0.01
-
0.35
0.00
0.91
0.49
1.75
0.01
0.72
-
0.48
0.00
1.19
1.62
2.46
0.01
0.46
0.20
0.61
0.01
1.25
2.03
2.61
0.00
0.19
0.23
1.28
0.01
1.26
2.17
2.85
0.00
0.11
0.32
1.27
0.01
1.24
2.24
2.81
0.00
0.11
0.31
1.36
0.02
1.28
2.60
3.07
0.00
0.10
0.39
8.64
2.27
10.38
-3.42
-
5.35
8.90
0.36
2.39
1.12
-7.59
-7.38
3.36
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.02
0.43
1.02
1.02
-
0.02
0.75
0.24
0.59
0.59
-
0.04
0.00
1.03
0.72
0.43
0.43
-
0.09
0.00
1.22
0.90
0.42
0.42
-
0.07
0.00
1.34
1.00
0.37
0.37
-
0.06
0.00
1.30
1.03
0.35
0.35
-
0.06
0.00
1.32
1.20
0.37
0.37
-
5.04
5.28
-4.88
-4.88
-
1.71
8.69
1.25
2.59
-0.75
-0.75
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
DENMARK
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
2.7
-0.1
0.1
8.7
-0.1
-0.3
8.9
-0.0
-0.2
5.5
-0.1
0.3
5.7
-0.1
0.1
3.8
-0.1
1.7
5.1
-0.5
7.2
-1.0
-4.1
1.1
Primary supply
2.8
8.4
8.7
5.7
5.7
5.4
4.6
7.0
-2.3
0.0
0.2
-0.0
-0.0
0.0
0.2
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-2.1
-7.8
-8.1
-5.2
-5.6
-5.4
..
8.2
-2.0

-2.3
-2.3
-
-8.0
-7.9
-0.1
-8.1
-8.1
-0.1
-5.2
-5.2
-0.0
-5.6
-5.6
-0.0
-5.4
-5.4
-0.0
..
..
..
7.8
7.7
-
-2.0
-2.0
-10.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-6.4
-5.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.0
..
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
..
-0.3
-5.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
2.1
-14.6
15.1
2.4
15.2
1.3
-5.4
-4.4
-5.5
Transport(7)
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.3
0.0
0.3
-
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
-4.2
-3.4
-8.5
-
-4.5
-7.6
-7.1
-2.9
..
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

DENMARK
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
5.65
4.99
4.93
0.06
0.09
0.69
0.55
0.06
0.09
0.01
-
9.99
9.40
9.34
0.06
0.47
0.00
0.20
0.05
0.22
0.12
-
6.64
6.19
6.18
0.02
0.38
0.02
0.23
0.13
0.04
-
6.29
5.91
5.90
0.01
0.30
0.02
0.21
0.07
0.07
-
6.84
6.69
6.68
0.01
0.24
0.13
0.10
0.07
-
6.78
6.64
6.63
0.01
0.12
0.06
0.06
0.05
-
6.50
6.44
6.44
0.01
0.14
0.07
0.07
0.05
-
4.86
5.43
5.47
0.41
-3.18
-8.07
-1.35
7.85
20.35
-
-2.13
-1.87
-1.84
-10.33
-5.92
-4.96
-5.73
-3.91
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
DENMARK
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
76.39
x
69.50
..
258.29
119.94
x
..
108.11
c
84.94
x
..
112.49
c
..
x
..
162.96
c
..
x
..
280.27
c
..
x
..
453.28
c
..
x
..
360.54
585.00
..
x
..
477.71
..
..
x
..
588.87
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Danish crowns / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
421
x
528
..
1830
742
x
..
922
c
476
x
..
869
c
..
x
..
1817
c
..
x
..
2317
c
..
x
..
3186
c
..
x
..
2664
4031
..
x
..
3702
..
..
x
..
4349
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
5.36
5.24
0.12
8.93
8.88
0.05
10.97
10.92
0.05
5.51
5.46
0.05
5.09
5.05
0.04
6.34
6.30
0.04
5.66
5.64
0.02
3.83
3.81
0.02
5.14
5.12
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
-
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.08
0.08
-
0.13
0.13
-
0.05
0.05
-
0.06
0.06
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
DENMARK
(2)
Total coal
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
6110
12457
10255
13009
6416
6031
6711
4570
6136
6
4
2
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
6110
177
307
6
941
3078
145
2
8
12451
2484
328
38
14
2056
1311
2271
30
10255
1127
646
39
52
972
592
3223
8
13009
917
3
1
3476
30
2423
26
6416
143
2311
3
177
6031
129
830
66
369
6711
3
100
516
158
4570
37
459
375
255
6136
21
61
80
148
57
2057
x
1482
1116
382
3493
x
1078
59
2
3
812
1672
x
1295
3
-
1254
1852
x
1531
-
2019
1075
x
2710
130
-
1338
735
x
1371
-
2622
1269
x
1905
30
-
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
868
528
x
x
50
Lignite
29
332
3496
x
x
62 e
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
DENMARK
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
57
54
25
123
96
64
71
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
57
54
3
-
54
9
14
31
-
25
10
7
8
-
123
76
34
13
-
96
95
1
-
64
32
32
-
71
70
1
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
DENMARK
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
93.62
535.51
390.83
625.03
154.99
434.34
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
390.83
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
46.02
38.53
31.67
61.84
75.20
113.34
88.22
86.27
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
43.67
50.24
72.83
45.29
46.31
43.94
47.11
..
..
41.65
35.66
39.52
..
36.22
42.57
..
36.57
31.89
39.01
40.89
25.20
..
..
31.78
36.07
..
30.52
..
31.93
32.65
56.06
..
..
52.10
62.81
..
62.06
..
67.27
59.88
67.34
..
..
89.54
..
..
78.38
70.23
70.30
73.66
..
..
..
153.20
138.51
..
..
..
136.65
109.46
75.00
..
..
96.54
74.51
..
97.37
..
76.04
90.53
..
..
..
83.70
..
..
84.83
..
82.40
92.94
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Coking coal(2)
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
IEA/OECD, 2012
ESTONIA*

16
140
14
120
12
100
10
80
8
60
40
20
2
0
1990
1995
Coal
Oil
2000
2005
Natural Gas
Nuclear
2011e
0
1990
Renewables
10
1
2000
2005
Production
Exports
2005
2011e
Coal/population
1995
2000
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
10
0
1990
1995
2011e
0
1990
2000

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

20
40
18
35
16
1995
2005
2010
Other use
30
14
12
25
10
20
15
10
0
1990
1995
Coal
Oil
2000
Natural Gas
2005
Hydro
Nuclear
2011e
Other
0
1990
1995
Coal
2000
Oil
2005
Natural Gas
2010
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
ESTONIA
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
14.16
8.77
4.24
1.75
0.27
-0.86
-
6.74
4.25
0.93
0.95
0.73
0.00
-0.11
-
6.78
4.28
0.72
0.75
1.00
0.00
0.02
0.01
-
7.95
5.60
0.74
0.80
1.17
0.00
0.03
-0.40
-
7.93
5.86
0.69
0.72
1.04
0.00
0.05
-0.44
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-2.84
-2.21
-8.36
-3.81
7.65
-3.76
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1980
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1990
10
1.40
1.6
8.92
263.3
263.7
159.4
17
..
2000
10
0.68
1.4
4.91
129.0
131.5
116.7
9
62.3
2009
14
0.50
1.3
5.06
94.1
96.1
112.6
9
84.3
2010
14
0.57
1.3
5.94
107.9
122.8
114.4
13
104.1
2011e
15
0.53
1.3
5.91
99.8
119.3
..
13
121.7
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
x
1.59
x
-4.37
x
-0.85
x
-2.01
x
-4.37
x
-3.75
x
-1.64
x
-1.46
x
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
x
x
x
x
6.91
0.56
3.70
0.12
4.42
0.12
4.59
0.12
5.51
0.13
5.75
0.11
x
x
x
x
-1.12
-7.22
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
x
x
x
x
22.49
1.73
11.73
0.35
14.59
0.38
14.94
0.33
17.93
0.36
18.73
0.32
x
x
x
x
-1.12
-7.54

IEA/OECD, 2012
ESTONIA
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
8.58
1.01
2.83
0.63
0.27
0.86
2.98
3.69
0.21
1.13
0.39
0.61
0.61
0.73
4.55
0.27
1.43
0.50
0.76
0.86
0.73
3.97
0.16
1.27
0.28
0.74
0.82
0.71
4.16
0.14
1.33
0.30
0.79
0.85
0.76
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-3.56
-9.44
-3.71
-3.69
5.52
-0.08
-6.61
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
3.63
0.53
1.00
0.27
0.01
0.36
1.46
0.82
0.11
0.13
0.17
0.11
0.22
0.06
1.08
0.25
0.09
0.20
0.17
0.29
0.08
0.77
0.13
0.08
0.14
0.12
0.24
0.06
0.82
0.10
0.09
0.16
0.15
0.26
0.06
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-7.16
-7.90
-11.45
-2.54
15.07
-1.71
-14.59
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.15
0.01
1.13
-
0.80
0.79
-
1.13
1.12
-
1.02
1.01
-
1.07
1.06
-
x
x
x
x
-0.38
-0.29
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.02
1.44
0.25
0.08
0.08
0.01
1.32
0.04
0.03
0.06
0.01
1.36
0.02
0.01
0.07
0.01
1.39
0.01
0.01
0.07
0.01
1.47
0.01
0.01
0.08
x
x
x
x
x
x
-5.43
0.11
-14.05
-9.17
-0.18
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.17
0.11
0.73
0.48
0.07
0.06
0.01
0.47
0.18
0.54
0.41
0.01
0.08
0.02
0.55
0.23
0.48
0.62
0.00
0.05
0.05
0.59
0.23
0.47
0.60
0.00
0.05
0.04
0.60
0.25
0.51
0.61
0.00
0.04
0.04
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
6.43
3.97
-1.76
1.18
-14.37
-2.00
6.75
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.08
0.03
0.23
0.37
0.11
0.26
0.01
0.17
0.13
0.26
0.05
0.07
0.14
0.03
0.31
0.17
0.23
0.00
0.06
0.17
0.02
0.32
0.17
0.07
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.31
0.18
0.05
0.02
0.03
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-5.14
13.25
-1.18
-9.27
-6.16
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ESTONIA
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
7.5
1.0
-0.1
0.3
3.8
0.5
-0.1
0.0
4.7
0.0
-0.0
-0.4
5.6
0.1
-0.1
-0.0
5.9
0.1
-0.1
0.0
x
x
x
-1.4
-12.9
1.7
Primary supply
8.8
4.2
4.3
5.6
5.9
-2.2
-0.4
-0.1
0.5
0.4
..
-7.2
-3.9
-4.6
-5.9
..
-1.0

x
x
x
x
x
x
-6.8
-6.8
-
-3.2
-3.2
-0.0
-3.4
-3.3
-0.0
-4.6
-4.6
-0.0
..
..
..
x
x
x
-2.0
-2.0
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
..
3.7
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
-9.5
-13.7
-5.7
-
-0.3
-0.5
-1.0
-1.1
..
7.7
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
-11.4
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
..
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
..
-9.4
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
x
-7.9
22.6
-24.6
Transport(7)
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
-15.7
-14.4
-14.0
-
Non-energy use
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

ESTONIA
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.38
0.17
0.17
0.09
0.00
0.08
0.12
-
0.09
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.00
0.04
-
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.04
-
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.11
0.01
-
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.07
0.00
0.01
-
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.05
0.00
0.01
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-8.84
-19.94
-22.67
-2.98
-17.05
-11.19
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
25.95
22.57
22.57
0.88
0.65
1.39
1.39
-
13.23
10.84
10.82
0.02
1.39
0.61
0.22
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.15
14.80
11.63
11.62
0.01
1.98
0.83
0.27
0.27
0.08
15.70
12.10
12.07
0.03
2.20
1.10
0.29
0.29
0.01
13.77
9.85
9.82
0.03
2.79
0.90
0.16
0.16
0.05
17.89
13.55
13.53
0.02
3.09
1.03
0.16
0.16
0.06
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-1.84
-2.52
-2.52
6.50
2.33
-10.36
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
ESTONIA
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
349.94
..
..
..
..
305.01
..
..
..
..
329.68
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
307.52
..
..
..
..
282.16
..
..
..
..
319.86
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.04
0.32
0.70
0.01
0.50
0.08
0.43
-
0.47
0.09
0.37
0.00
0.10
0.05
0.05
-
0.12
0.11
0.01
-
0.03
0.03
0.01
-
0.07
0.07
-
0.06
0.06
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.06
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.08
0.00
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.09
0.01
0.08
0.04
0.01
0.04
0.09
0.03
0.06
0.09
0.02
0.07

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ESTONIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
2876
1602
1469
234
53
71
67
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
373
-
87
-
101
3
-
54
-
30
-
71
-
67
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
373
-
x
87
-
x
98
-
x
54
-
x
30
-
x
71
-
x
67
-
2503
1515
1368
180
23
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
ESTONIA
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
909.41
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
909.41
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
72.73
115.06
93.40
78.63
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
72.59
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
109.74
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
91.69
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
78.60
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
FINLAND*
60
400
350
50
300
40
250
30
200
150
20
100
10
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

100
80
90
70
80
Other use
60
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
10
FINLAND
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
30.05
3.65
18.94
5.63
1.29
0.53
-
35.14
7.07
18.00
1.10
4.96
2.61
1.26
0.15
-
40.54
7.60
13.52
3.12
6.52
7.15
1.33
0.00
1.31
-
46.04
7.33
12.73
4.89
9.35
8.37
1.80
0.01
1.46
0.10
47.49
7.53
13.03
4.98
10.00
8.76
1.56
0.04
1.48
0.13
52.00
9.84
13.38
5.48
11.76
8.49
1.59
0.04
1.29
0.14
48.94
8.26
12.27
4.80
11.53
8.63
1.53
0.06
1.70
0.15
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.78
4.41
-1.97
0.86
0.19
5.45
-
1.25
1.30
-0.05
2.86
2.99
0.86
0.87
23.65
-0.07
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
84
0.36
4.7
6.44
142.4
119.8
77.4
26
34.8
1980
104
0.34
4.8
7.35
135.5
188.9
86.9
41
44.5
1990
140
0.29
5.0
8.13
115.7
150.2
101.9
54
58.9
2000
172
0.27
5.2
8.90
107.1
118.3
106.7
70
91.2
2009
198
0.24
5.3
8.90
96.0
105.4
94.4
72
94.6
2010
205
0.25
5.4
9.70
101.3
132.8
98.6
81
100.0
2011e
211
0.23
5.4
9.13
92.7
108.4
..
74
100.8
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.03
1.92
-1.21
-0.66
0.39
0.37
1.38
0.88
-1.21
-0.66
1.34
-0.61
1.63
-0.17
4.41
1.99
3.14
2.68
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.63
2.59
1.55
3.05
3.13
2.58
2.30
12.47
-0.01
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
2.21
7.15
4.47
8.78
9.00
7.42
6.61
10.28
0.18

IEA/OECD, 2012
FINLAND
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
27.41
1.52
16.08
5.63
3.31
0.86
27.63
1.59
14.29
0.62
4.93
4.57
1.64
31.77
2.23
13.13
1.40
5.03
0.00
7.24
2.74
35.08
1.31
11.94
1.35
6.43
0.00
9.30
4.76
37.29
0.97
11.92
1.55
6.78
0.00
10.14
5.93
34.91
0.77
11.28
1.40
6.10
0.00
9.47
5.90
38.11
1.02
11.79
1.51
6.87
0.00
10.26
6.66
0.87
2.28
-1.19
-0.66
4.71
7.02
0.91
-3.85
-0.54
0.37
1.57
4.55
1.76
4.55
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
9.31
1.35
5.63
2.22
0.11
8.55
1.44
3.57
0.57
2.80
0.17
12.89
2.20
1.63
1.31
3.50
4.00
0.25
16.48
1.27
2.04
1.18
4.86
5.27
1.86
16.45
0.93
1.86
1.05
4.67
5.31
2.63
13.78
0.72
1.68
0.88
3.78
4.44
2.27
15.64
0.97
1.78
0.96
4.32
4.96
2.67
1.93
2.93
-7.04
3.52
4.83
0.97
-4.03
0.44
-1.55
1.05
1.09
12.58
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.45
0.02
3.42
-
4.00
3.97
-
5.64
5.59
-
5.72
5.63
0.02
6.21
6.00
0.02
6.02
5.74
0.02
6.25
5.97
0.02
2.94
2.93
-
0.52
0.33
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.01
6.13
0.16
4.80
-
0.03
6.39
0.15
4.23
0.05
0.05
7.62
0.03
2.91
0.04
0.07
6.50
0.02
1.05
0.03
0.10
0.09
7.17
0.02
0.74
0.06
0.18
0.09
7.54
0.02
0.73
0.06
0.17
0.09
8.22
0.02
0.80
0.07
12.32
1.29
-8.59
-2.91
-
2.81
0.38
-3.15
-6.23
2.85
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.62
0.55
0.43
-
0.99
0.96
0.68
-
1.30
0.00
1.79
1.54
1.28
-
1.34
0.00
2.23
1.83
2.22
0.00
0.47
0.04
1.72
0.00
2.60
2.04
2.52
0.00
0.35
0.04
1.81
0.00
2.71
2.21
2.66
0.00
0.39
0.04
2.01
0.00
2.91
2.42
2.80
0.00
0.43
0.04
6.48
6.28
6.58
-
2.18
4.55
2.44
2.29
3.99
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.43
1.51
1.51
-
0.68
1.76
1.76
-
1.28
2.08
2.05
0.03
0.08
1.63
1.53
1.48
0.05
0.09
2.03
2.14
1.77
0.37
0.11
2.12
2.01
1.62
0.38
0.13
2.19
2.07
1.66
0.41
6.58
1.90
1.80
-
2.73
-0.03
-1.03
13.24

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
FINLAND
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
0.1
3.5
-0.0
0.1
1.0
5.4
-0.0
0.6
2.6
6.3
-0.0
-1.3
1.6
5.1
-0.0
0.7
3.1
5.5
-0.0
-1.1
2.6
5.7
-0.0
1.6
2.3
6.6
-0.0
-0.6
22.6
3.5
-17.1
-0.0
-0.5
12.8
3.6
7.1
7.6
7.3
7.5
9.8
8.3
4.4
1.3
-0.0
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.2
-0.0
..
-2.1 e
-5.3 e
-5.3 e
-5.7 e
-6.7 e
-8.5 e
..
5.5
2.4

-1.7
-1.7
-
-4.9
-4.5
-0.5
-4.7
-4.4
-0.3
-5.0
-4.6
-0.4
-6.2
-5.8
-0.4
-7.9
-7.5
-0.4
..
..
..
6.1
5.7
-
2.6
2.7
1.9
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
1.1
-0.4 e
-0.4 e
-
-0.4 e
-0.4 e
-
-0.5 e
-0.5 e
-0.0
-
-0.7 e
-0.6 e
-0.1
-
-0.5 e
-0.4 e
-0.1
-
-0.6 e
-0.5 e
-0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
2.2
2.0
-
0.6
-0.6
12.5
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.3
-0.2
-0.2
..
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
..
1.5
1.6
2.2
1.3
0.8
1.0
..
2.3
-3.8
1.3
0.4 e
0.0
0.0
0.9
1.4
0.5 e
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.2
2.2
0.8 e
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.1
1.3
0.5 e
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.7
0.3 e
0.1
0.3
0.0
1.0
0.5 e
0.1
0.3
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
2.9
4.3
17.2
20.2
-15.0
-4.0
-2.3
-7.7
-2.8
-2.1
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.2
0.2
-
0.2
0.2
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
-8.6
-8.6
-
2.1
-3.2
-
..
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

FINLAND
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
5.31
4.57
4.52
0.05
0.67
0.09
0.01
0.41
0.15
0.08
-
4.94
3.88
3.77
0.11
1.04
0.08
0.08
0.76
0.09
0.02
0.01
-
3.91
3.55
3.51
0.04
0.36
0.08
0.18
0.09
0.01
0.01
-
3.20
2.92
2.90
0.02
0.27
0.08
0.17
0.02
0.01
-
3.91
3.65
3.64
0.01
0.21
0.19
0.02
0.01
-
4.50
4.45
4.41
0.05
0.12
0.10
0.01
0.00
0.01
-
5.78
5.60
5.55
0.05
0.16
0.14
0.02
0.00
0.01
-
-0.60
-1.34
-1.49
7.24
3.82
-0.61
16.10
5.22
-14.26
-16.20
-
0.79
1.85
1.95
-3.81
-8.86
-8.03
-7.45
-82.09
-1.25
-
0.71
0.71
-
1.28
1.28
-
1.40
1.28
-
1.08
1.24
-
0.92
1.07
-
1.21
1.20
-
2.68
2.63
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
FINLAND
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
51.74
71.34
78.45
72.35
130.84
96.13
96.93
150.64
113.53
44.40
133.67
88.04
82.82
232.79
128.66
164.25
420.74
264.51
111.56
307.65
235.04
116.89
390.31
249.85
157.56
..
306.44
51.74
..
71.34
..
78.45
72.35
..
130.84
..
96.13
96.93
101.01
..
150.64
113.53
89.47
99.78
..
172.12
101.68
146.63
196.65
..
286.78
147.93
249.09
382.62
..
492.16
289.53
192.19
287.47
..
375.52
258.81
193.76
288.81
..
454.89
272.51
362.38
479.99
..
..
408.76
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
31.11
67.61
69.70
40.48
115.38
79.47
61.91
151.64
107.14
41.92
198.90
122.82
58.01
257.00
133.16
97.76
394.68
232.62
69.88
303.70
217.51
76.80
404.13
242.53
98.53
..
283.16
31.11
..
67.61
..
69.70
40.48
..
115.38
..
79.47
61.91
74.12
..
151.64
107.14
84.47
108.23
..
256.12
141.85
102.71
158.25
..
316.60
153.11
148.26
261.63
..
461.68
254.62
120.38
206.86
..
370.70
239.52
127.30
217.99
..
471.00
264.53
226.62
344.87
..
..
377.71
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
5.23
4.31
0.92
6.27
4.85
0.64
0.77
5.51
3.75
1.49
0.00
0.27
5.08
3.32
1.26
0.50
4.80
2.89
1.40
0.01
0.50
5.53
3.85
1.08
0.07
0.53
5.53
4.29
0.96
0.04
0.25
5.70
3.93
1.33
0.00
0.44
6.60
4.88
1.27
0.00
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.00
0.03
0.00
0.02
0.02
-
0.02
0.02
-
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
FINLAND
(2)
Total coal
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
4789
5089
6101
5821
5072
4723
5949
5920
6972
711
203
45
-
1651
602
695
49
1258
100
2
705
360
-
1401
487
519
13
382
-
959
223
293
372
-
1327
406
416
437
1
1269
293
482
334
24
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
463
-
x
305
-
x
91
-
x
-
x
71
-
3
64
x
-
87
x
49
-
4789
4089
3
-
5089
404
56
2407
1
1018
4
5390
2609
253
41
-
4170
51
1899
88
460
-
3814
1313
51
3322
551
3
1
4990
189
3
71
7
4593
7
6
211
166
14
5703
31
21
29
6
173
51
697
x
x
-
347
852
x
x
-
100
334
x
1905
148
-
203
24
x
1240
176
29
-
x
2448
2
-
x
2736
31
-
74
13
x
4611
19
3
-
413
x
3680
55
41
-
33
x
5201
152
6
-
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
FINLAND
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
60.49
53.94
131.60
152.40
326.47
192.34
221.52
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
60.94
60.37
..
..
..
..
59.06
..
58.26
..
52.76
55.42
..
..
..
..
51.74
148.54
153.33
..
147.80
121.25
..
..
..
..
57.46
150.14
164.99
..
..
135.83
..
..
..
..
129.54
392.82
350.70
..
..
258.32
..
..
..
..
..
166.94
216.54
..
..
200.58
..
..
..
..
129.25
221.06
225.40
..
..
220.62
490.92
192.27
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
49.71
44.30
32.08
62.80
72.64
134.21
86.94
92.80
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
46.59
..
..
44.28
53.46
..
52.73
38.94
..
40.34
..
..
..
34.83
..
..
..
..
..
30.46
..
..
..
68.11
..
..
..
..
..
61.59
..
..
..
79.86
72.38
..
77.53
..
..
71.89
..
..
..
164.75
136.19
..
..
238.93
195.76
124.32
..
..
..
79.19
69.73
..
82.32
145.71
..
87.26
..
..
..
80.73
114.19
..
91.88
..
..
91.84
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
IEA/OECD, 2012
FRANCE*
450
120
400
100
350
300
80
250
60
200
150
40
100
20
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

700
600
600
500
500
Other use
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
100
FRANCE
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
257.34
41.86
171.15
19.28
13.98
5.49
5.86
0.00
0.07
-0.35
-
273.96
46.99
151.88
30.91
12.35
22.80
8.54
0.02
0.07
0.40
-
319.84
28.87
119.88
37.18
15.69
116.93
6.61
0.16
0.10
-5.58
-
359.81
21.49
117.19
51.08
15.49
154.56
8.25
0.18
0.10
-8.54
-
362.13
16.00
112.89
54.93
20.67
152.54
7.03
0.13
1.13
-3.19
-
374.70
17.20
109.32
60.75
22.47
159.54
7.62
0.13
1.44
-3.78
-
359.21
14.68
108.33
50.42
20.43
164.70
5.54
0.13
1.91
-6.93
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.29
-2.16
-2.07
3.94
0.68
19.71
0.71
28.87
2.11
17.60
-
0.79
-2.56
-0.46
2.49
1.81
1.57
0.71
-0.96
14.40
-1.93
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
1050
0.25
53.3
4.83
135.4
416.8
71.5
183
68.8
1980
1284
0.21
55.1
4.97
117.9
382.8
82.3
257
75.6
1990
1624
0.20
58.2
5.50
108.9
185.9
94.1
417
88.2
2000
1973
0.18
60.7
5.93
100.8
113.9
98.6
536
99.8
2009
2176
0.17
64.5
5.61
92.0
76.9
97.1
531
86.5
2010
2209
0.17
64.8
5.78
93.8
81.4
101.6
564
90.8
2011e
2246
0.16
65.0
5.53
88.4
68.4
..
557
92.9
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.60
1.55
-1.28
-0.74
0.52
0.54
0.77
0.25
-1.28
-0.74
-4.64
-4.04
1.62
0.39
4.98
1.52
1.47
0.15
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
4.80
14.14
1.17
-
1.80
8.55
1.43
-
3.37
0.17
-
0.55
-
0.13
-
0.23
-
0.13
-
-7.86
-4.11
1.68
-
-16.51
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
4.66
16.50
2.73
-
1.82
9.38
2.33
-
3.80
0.30
-
0.62
-
0.15
-
0.26
-
0.15
-
-7.54
-4.60
-1.30
-
-16.40
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
FRANCE
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
203.17
19.95
137.19
14.68
12.73
0.00
18.26
0.37
201.84
12.30
124.80
27.52
11.16
0.02
0.01
25.69
0.34
204.28
11.11
107.20
34.17
13.80
0.16
0.03
37.13
0.68
232.82
6.33
115.63
45.91
12.84
0.18
0.02
47.29
4.62
236.21
5.75
108.03
47.21
16.41
0.13
0.06
53.16
5.46
225.58
4.40
103.72
44.39
17.26
0.13
0.07
51.35
4.25
232.59
4.94
101.83
47.13
18.69
0.13
0.08
54.56
5.24
0.03
-3.38
-1.44
5.10
0.47
28.87
4.26
3.69
0.65
-3.97
-0.26
1.62
1.53
-0.96
5.73
1.94
10.73
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
59.55
10.40
31.22
5.93
1.67
10.32
-
58.87
7.71
27.53
10.30
1.61
11.72
-
47.08
8.37
9.36
13.12
2.14
14.09
-
49.39
5.20
7.78
17.64
2.23
16.54
-
45.58
5.05
8.73
13.37
2.63
15.80
-
39.66
3.76
7.82
11.63
2.72
13.73
-
41.88
4.28
7.39
12.98
2.79
14.43
-
-1.37
-1.27
-6.84
4.78
1.44
1.85
-
-0.58
-3.29
-1.17
-0.05
1.35
0.12
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
35.29
0.09
34.39
0.02
43.30
0.03
42.42
0.01
54.94
53.85
0.00
65.03
63.12
0.00
63.59
58.64
0.12
63.10
57.90
0.13
63.25
57.85
0.40
2.64
2.67
-23.40
0.71
0.36
45.68
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.79
30.57
9.17
2.61
4.17
0.85
32.28
4.56
2.99
7.74
1.09
51.06
2.37 e
15.65
9.41
0.48
1.44
58.20
0.90
13.66
18.08 e
3.24
1.59
60.92
0.50
12.17
20.00
3.53
1.54
61.27
0.48
11.77
20.27
3.46
1.54
62.93
0.52
11.08
19.81
1.95
3.06
-7.64
11.12
4.91
1.74
1.05
-7.33
-1.71
3.79
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
10.92
0.00
3.71
52.32
0.28
46.32
2.42
9.41
0.01
0.01
7.56
43.15
0.00
31.67
6.12
11.54
0.15
0.03
11.91
25.82
7.28
8.72
9.54
0.17
0.02
15.81
25.91
6.15
6.45 e
9.59
0.07
0.05
18.54
30.03
5.69
6.81
9.98
0.08
0.06
18.64
31.68
5.52
8.43
11.42
0.08
0.06
19.96
33.43
5.31
9.23
0.32
28.81
7.11
-4.07
-10.31
7.84
-0.05
-3.30
4.01
2.62
1.30
-1.57
0.29
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.30
20.86
18.72
2.14
5.36
19.16
15.99
3.17
0.07
9.75
19.09
0.37
16.00
2.72
0.53
12.78
23.18
0.22
19.65
3.32
0.88
0.04
0.01
16.60
19.66
0.14
17.22
2.30
0.98
0.04
0.02
16.69
17.25
0.09
15.50
1.66
0.96
0.04
0.02
17.87
17.14
0.09
15.14
1.91
6.58
-0.52
-0.92
1.43
14.11
3.08
-0.54
-6.86
-0.27
-1.77

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
FRANCE
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
25.8
15.4
-1.9
2.5
19.1
30.1
-1.2
-1.0
11.8
19.5
-0.9
-1.5
3.5
19.3
-0.8
-0.6
0.1
15.4
-0.7
1.2
0.2
17.6
-0.3
-0.4
0.1
14.7
-0.1
0.0
-4.5
1.4
-4.1
-17.8
-0.5
-6.2
Primary supply
41.9
47.0
28.9
21.5
16.0
17.2
14.7
-2.2
-2.6
2.0
-0.0
-0.3
0.4
0.7
0.2
..
-11.8 e
-12.0 e
..
-1.4
-1.6
..
..
..
-1.2
-4.4
-
-1.7
0.5
-8.2
-20.8
-31.8 e
-16.4 e
-14.8 e

-14.8
-14.8
-
-24.4
-16.9
-7.5
-12.0
-6.9
-5.1
-10.9
-9.4
-1.4
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
-9.0
-8.1
-0.9
-8.6
-7.7
-0.9
1.1
0.0
..
-7.1
-6.3
-1.3
0.4
-7.4 e
-6.3 e
-1.5
0.3
-4.4 e
-3.8 e
-0.8
0.2
-3.9 e
-3.6 e
-0.3
0.0
-2.8 e
-2.2 e
-0.6
0.0
-3.3 e
-2.7 e
-0.7
-
..
..
..
..
..
-2.8
-2.8
-3.0
-3.9
-1.4
-1.8
-0.7
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-2.5
-2.7
-0.9
-0.8
-0.5
-0.5
..
-6.1
-3.0
Losses
-0.6
-0.2
-0.2
-0.1
..
19.9
12.3
11.1
6.3
4.4
4.9
..
-3.4
-4.0
8.4
4.8 e
1.0 e
1.0 e
0.4 e
1.2 e
5.2
2.8 e
c
0.2 e
0.1 e
2.1
3.8
2.3 e
0.3
0.6
0.0
0.6
4.3
2.7 e
0.4
0.6
0.0
0.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.3
-1.6
-0.9
4.1
5.6
-3.7
-3.3
-2.7
-4.7
-2.8
-11.9
-3.7
..
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
10.4
6.3
1.2
0.5
0.2
2.3
7.7
4.6 e
0.8
0.6
0.1
1.6
Transport(7)
0.1
0.0
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
9.5
0.3
9.2
-
4.6
0.0
4.6
-
2.4
2.4 e
-
0.9
0.9
-
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.6
0.5
0.1
..
..
..
..
-7.8
-7.6
-
-6.9
-7.3
-
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
..
-6.9
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

FRANCE
(million tonnes)
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
31.60
22.16
16.75
5.41
2.09
2.91
1.47
0.38
0.15
0.04
0.87
3.09
-
19.12
11.03
7.00
4.03
0.38
1.09 e
4.68
1.63 e
0.81 e
0.99 e
0.49 e
0.76 e
1.65
-
15.26
10.42
9.49
0.94
0.11
2.03 e
2.46
0.43 e
..
0.20 e
0.16 e
1.67 e
0.70
-
14.92
10.31
9.35
0.97
0.03
2.37 e
2.43
0.59 e
0.43
0.32
0.19
0.91 e
0.48
-
11.91
8.33
7.76
0.57
0.02
2.05 e
2.45
0.62 e
0.66
0.45
0.07
0.65 e
0.48
-
12.82
8.11
7.45
0.66
0.00
1.05 e
1.76
0.32 e
0.30
0.53
0.04
0.57 e
0.48
-
12.79
7.60
6.97
0.63
1.88 e
2.02
0.55 e
0.40
0.51
0.04
0.51 e
0.52
-
-4.10
-5.65
-7.01
-2.43
-13.19
4.04
0.88
6.50
17.02
22.74
-1.14
-5.10
-
-1.99
-1.85
-0.02
-8.87
2.78
-4.12
-5.27
-3.47
-3.22
-11.78
-1.94
-5.60
-
12.98
12.98
-
9.67
9.52
-
6.54
6.54
-
6.22
5.85
-
7.22
5.99
-
3.50
4.35
-
4.50
4.33
-
-2.42
-2.55
-
-3.75
-3.86
-
2.09
1.84
0.59
1.25
0.23
0.09 e
0.14 e
0.08
-
0.36
0.27
0.27
0.05
0.05
0.04
-
0.04
0.04
0.04
-
0.07
0.07
0.07
-
0.05
0.05
0.05
-
0.05
0.05
0.05
-
-1.85
-1.97
-5.51
0.55
1.17
20.31
-2.59
0.80
-
-16.79
-7.08
-4.67
-
1978
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
2.62
2.34
1.17
1.17
0.20
0.01
0.00
0.19
0.07
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
FRANCE
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
57.35
..
..
55.34
..
..
41.98
..
..
84.41
..
..
153.44
..
..
128.44
..
..
122.05
..
..
144.71
..
..
61.82
51.84
66.80
..
76.57
128.20
62.62
97.93
..
128.49
145.13
59.55
104.13
118.22
135.93
105.48
45.43
128.55
140.36
138.50
..
106.19
217.27
232.51
256.81
..
207.93
398.94
421.73
472.33
..
197.67
308.22
315.88
341.47
..
209.31
..
390.84
376.91
..
278.39
..
521.86
466.02
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
42.23
..
..
37.36
..
..
40.41
..
..
60.28
..
..
93.11
..
..
82.02
..
..
81.75
..
..
92.26
..
..
37.73
37.12
64.01
..
67.73
94.40
54.09
113.21
..
137.11
97.98
47.16
110.37
125.31
133.00
101.53
51.29
194.27
212.12
193.21
..
88.96
243.61
260.70
265.79
..
148.02
380.07
401.79
415.38
..
148.08
309.01
316.70
316.01
..
164.46
..
411.01
365.87
..
208.22
..
522.40
430.62
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
23.52
12.96
8.55
0.00
2.00
19.50
10.05
8.17
0.04
1.24
13.72
5.13
7.60
0.03
0.96
19.34
11.03
6.81
0.03
1.47
20.18
12.06
6.51
0.02
1.59
21.41
12.46
7.53
0.04
1.37
15.37
10.49
3.73
0.03
1.12
17.62
11.47
4.80
0.03
1.32
14.67
9.43
3.95
0.05
1.24
1.16
0.38
0.00
0.77
0.92
0.53
0.39
0.66
0.35
0.31
0.77
0.08
0.69
0.88
0.23
0.03
0.61
1.12
0.15
0.02
0.95
0.69
0.02
0.08
0.60
0.25
0.02
0.12
0.12
0.15
0.01
0.05
0.08

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
FRANCE
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
23451
18873
19458
13243
19032
19887
15459
17593
14509
8316
987
4364
1311
1
1462
-
7773
1949
351
1853
185
38
3307
-
7848
2071
637
817
254
4019
50
7300
2310
51
900
3891
87
6543
2818
577
182
2667
1
6255
3800
421
263
3
1627
80
3581
1355
139
1936
4
4615
2811
8
1636
-
3799
2245
14
15
1391
1
191
x
x
-
1
89
x
x
-
x
-
30
30
x
1
-
130
154
x
14
-
61
x
-
11
24
x
57
55
-
x
107
37
16
x
133
-
15125
785
2217
3441
891
36
98
11062
850
410
1162
883
204
678
280
11541
1480
50
718
141
311
2586
222
5890
276
221
159
77
53
5
12437
1022
98
881
61
425
1125
13596
1509
70
55
1451
35
301
1149
11827
1593
58
50
594
25
1902
1144
12925
670
163
157
1349
7
1648
412
10628
410
186
77
125
20
2104
128
6643
853
x
x
161
46
2
6444
75
x
x
28
1776
2033
863
x
777
560
24
900
900
2100
x
302
21
707
156
13
524
1043
6
5694
x
383
935
140
100
15
2455
245
4225
x
905
542
100
539
9
1689
2879
x
1541
302
41
14
2987
2407
x
2753
74
260
24
-
17
2909
1929
x
2066
201
348
5
103
10
38
69
53
52
36
51
53
82
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
FRANCE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
449
976
585
392
89
262
20
20
15
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
443
51
264
8
17
53
8
42
-
700
1
25
4
412
46
22
2
15
105
20
48
-
573
8
15
343
36
56
2
95
1
10
6
1
-
392
1
1
250
20
24
5
70
6
15
-
88
5
75
1
7
-
262
16
1
245
-
20
5
2
2
11
-
20
4
5
2
2
7
-
15
11
4
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1
-
266
-
11
11
-
266
10
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
FRANCE
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
65.14
61.82
47.26
109.69
124.63
212.51
204.75
217.32
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
65.23
64.81
..
65.24
64.95
64.53
..
..
66.18
..
60.65
62.14
..
67.65
62.68
52.07
..
..
53.98
..
45.74
46.36
..
47.64
50.47
..
34.84
..
32.99
..
115.61
117.56
..
..
107.04
..
..
..
..
..
125.44
134.95
..
..
116.61
..
..
..
..
118.36
230.00
186.97
..
..
169.04
258.16
..
..
..
205.53
239.82
289.34
..
..
164.69
..
..
..
157.57
215.17
226.06
182.99
..
..
207.96
..
..
..
..
148.73
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
50.42
49.29
37.21
75.23
84.49
135.53
113.60
108.32
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
47.89
62.44
..
46.61
48.77
48.79
49.99
55.24
..
44.72
50.95
42.97
..
34.06
50.21
36.52
46.98
54.12
45.55
47.86
38.29
..
..
34.55
34.84
30.35
37.94
36.19
33.28
36.55
79.28
121.47
..
83.83
75.04
..
77.69
50.11
70.02
71.20
72.97
146.11
..
163.83
92.02
..
84.63
56.80
76.34
77.92
118.16
121.26
..
..
125.30
230.24
..
..
139.33
142.92
101.22
165.48
..
80.58
146.07
..
122.16
36.66
109.51
92.95
151.45
263.60
..
89.65
111.45
..
104.16
..
95.16
110.63
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
GERMANY*
600
120
500
100
400
80
300
60
200
40
100
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

700
1200
600
1000
500
Other use
800
400
600
300
400
200
200
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
100
GERMANY
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
478.14
199.14
226.71
40.92
3.57
4.51
1.87
1.42
-
510.25
201.45
205.52
73.13
6.22
20.71
2.34
0.88
-
501.64
183.66
173.41
78.52
6.85
56.91
2.14
0.01
0.02
0.11
-0.00
480.83
121.18
178.13
102.62
11.23
63.14
2.67
0.18
1.31
0.38
-0.00
453.01
102.31
148.12
109.37
35.40
50.23
2.29
0.66
6.14
-1.51
-0.01
467.68
110.17
150.20
104.84
42.01
52.33
2.51
0.76
6.72
-1.84
-0.01
438.80
106.51
145.72
91.51
43.50
40.20
2.26
0.84
8.74
-0.46
-0.01
0.28
-0.47
-1.56
3.91
3.90
16.09
0.79
-13.78
-
2011e
3034
0.14
81.6
5.38
82.8
83.2
..
608
114.4
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.36
1.43
-2.03
-1.76
0.03
0.15
0.25
-0.50
-2.03
-1.76
-2.77
-3.90
-0.13
-0.67
2.26
0.64
1.57
1.02
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
-0.35
-2.52
-0.72
1.46
9.49
-0.42
0.80
24.16
32.34
x
3.97

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
1492
0.32
79.0
6.06
183.5
316.4
111.4
374
65.8
1980
1761
0.29
78.3
6.52
165.9
271.2
118.2
466
71.0
1990
2216
0.23
79.4
6.32
129.6
196.4
109.0
548
85.7
2000
2685
0.18
82.2
5.85
102.5
107.0
95.6
572
93.9
2009
2841
0.16
81.9
5.53
91.3
85.4
92.6
584
94.1
2010
2946
0.16
81.8
5.72
90.9
88.7
95.3
622
105.0

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
51.64
34.97
106.08
-
44.06
27.23
102.55
0.12
18.66
15.86
52.05
0.04
15.01
10.75
54.89
0.04
8.97
4.16
52.16
-
7.07
5.03
52.36
-
6.69
4.67
54.56
-
-1.32
-2.06
-0.28
-
-8.74
-8.10
-3.31
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
52.24
37.95
377.89
-
44.58
31.98
357.47
0.43
18.86
18.51
167.69
0.15
15.17
12.85
177.91
0.13
9.06
4.70
169.86
-
7.15
5.75
169.40
-
6.76
5.30
176.50
-
-1.31
-1.42
-0.46
-
-8.75
-8.22
-3.66
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
GERMANY
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
345.30
79.56
190.42
26.54
2.50
38.44
7.84
355.23
70.29
175.26
47.83
2.72
48.14
10.99
343.90
56.06
158.79
55.79
4.25
0.01
0.02
55.91
13.07
330.52
12.80
162.80
78.71
6.72
0.18
0.16
59.40
9.76
334.18
12.19
141.21
84.13
16.39
0.29
0.51
64.57
14.90
318.19
9.75
134.24
81.81
15.73
0.57
0.58
60.88
14.62
323.93
10.52
135.25
76.42
19.34
0.65
0.64
64.99
16.13
-0.02
-2.04
-1.06
4.47
3.17
2.23
3.05
-0.30
-8.03
-0.80
1.59
7.88
23.24
20.28
0.76
1.06
126.06
38.94
46.15
16.74
0.04
21.91
2.27
112.62
35.60
25.59
24.05
0.04
24.52
2.82
94.52
28.91
10.10
24.35
1.13
26.60
3.44
73.33
10.56
7.35
27.50
0.65
26.00
1.29
78.69
9.90
4.81
24.66
5.06
29.75
4.51
68.29
7.67
4.23
21.66
4.73
24.82
5.18
78.78
8.22
3.76
27.97
6.17
27.69
4.97
-1.68
-1.74
-8.55
2.23
21.74
1.15
2.47
-0.91
-6.09
-4.82
0.70
8.84
0.20
1.86
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
51.61
2.46
47.94
-
63.14
0.36
61.23
0.09
77.71
0.02
76.01
-
84.80
0.01
82.51
-
75.03
69.18
0.15
75.49
69.49
0.19
75.79
69.17
0.33
2.44
-24.22
2.75
-
-0.13
-0.47
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.21
86.85
22.03
48.19
0.00
1.47
78.39
19.01
35.76
0.05
1.68
89.96
15.37
25.84
19.15
0.32
1.95
93.14
1.33 e
27.83
33.46
3.67
2.03
97.36
1.39
23.33
41.45
3.85
1.95
93.92
1.37
20.03
41.14
4.23
2.05
88.61
1.58
20.17
32.81
1.94
0.21
-2.10
-3.60
69.17
1.01
-0.08
-10.76
-1.23
2.73
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.41
9.65
5.57
39.17
10.22
22.98
-
1.28
14.13
8.17
40.70
10.76
21.38
-
3.11
0.01
0.01 e
16.84
9.63
40.51
8.87
15.04
6.69
5.75
0.18
0.08
16.03
8.47
35.82
0.44
12.60
8.29
7.64
0.29
0.51
17.14
5.62
41.88
0.39
12.60
9.52
7.13
0.57
0.56
17.10
6.02
41.87
0.34
11.36
10.75
8.93
0.65
0.62
17.41
6.44
45.87
0.25
11.65
12.48
4.77
3.33
3.27
0.20
-0.83
-2.46
-
5.41
23.24
22.70
0.17
-1.99
0.62
-16.31
-1.27
3.17
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.05
4.92
24.61
3.21
20.27
1.14
1.41
7.15
32.80
2.22
26.76
3.82
9.91
32.78
1.20
28.36
3.22
14.49
35.81
0.39
32.35
3.07
0.02
14.59
4.77
34.55
0.50
31.29
2.76
0.02
0.02
15.95
3.43
31.98
0.36
29.12
2.50
0.02
0.02
16.73
4.71
33.78
0.47
30.49
2.82
4.20
1.70
-5.62
2.00
6.32
2.65
0.15
-4.60
0.36
-0.65

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
e
e
e
e
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
GERMANY
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
202.0
21.8
-26.1
1.5
204.5
20.6
-22.5
-1.1
174.0
16.4
-11.7
4.9
86.6
31.7
-0.8
3.6
65.3
38.2
-1.2
0.0
64.5
46.8
-1.4
0.2
65.9
42.0
-1.4
0.0
-0.9
-1.6
-4.6
-4.8
5.4
-10.2
Primary supply
199.1
201.5
183.7
121.2
102.3
110.2
106.5
-0.5
-2.5
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.4
1.3
-0.5
..
-111.3 e
-125.3 e
-124.1 e
-106.6 e
-92.3
-97.3
..
0.6
-1.2

-104.2
-99.8
-4.3
-115.9
-94.2
-21.6
-115.6 e
-98.7 e
-16.9 e
-98.8 e
-91.5 e
-7.3
-87.3
-83.6
-3.7
-89.6
-83.8
-5.8
..
..
..
0.6
-0.1
8.4
-1.3
-0.8
-5.2
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
0.8
1.8
1.9
0.0
-8.0 e
1.9
-9.2 e
-0.9
0.3
-11.2 e
1.2
-10.1 e
-2.5
0.2
-10.5 e
-1.4
-8.0 e
-1.2
0.2
-7.8 e
-0.2
-7.9 e
0.2
0.0
Energy ind. own use
-7.0
-5.1
-3.5
..
5.0
-5.0
0.1
-5.1
0.1
-
-7.7
0.0
-7.3
-0.4
-
..
..
..
..
..
1.6
-0.8
1.5
-3.6
-1.5
-0.5
-5.1
-
..
-1.7 e
-1.1
-1.3
..
-4.0
-4.6
Losses
-1.7
-1.0
-0.6
-0.5 e
-0.5
-0.6
..
79.6
70.3
56.1
12.8
9.8
10.5
..
-2.0
-8.0
38.9
13.7 e
9.3
1.8
1.2
12.9
35.6
10.6 e
8.3
3.0
1.3
12.4
28.9
7.8 e
6.4
3.5
1.3
9.9
10.6
5.6 e
0.6 e
2.8 e
0.5 e
1.0 e
7.7
4.4
0.6
1.7
0.5
0.5
8.2
4.5
1.0
1.8
0.5
0.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.7
-3.2
-2.2
3.8
0.2
-1.5
-6.1
-2.8
-8.8
-3.3
-4.6
-14.1
2.5
0.4
0.0
0.0
..
-24.2
34.9
10.2
22.0
2.7
32.1
10.8
19.0
2.3
25.9
8.9
15.4
1.7
1.8
0.4 e
1.3 e
0.1 e
1.7
0.3
1.4
-
1.8
0.3
1.6
-
..
..
..
..
-1.7
-0.8
-2.1
-2.7
-12.4
-16.3
-10.8
-
3.2
2.2
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.5
..
-5.6
-4.6
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

GERMANY
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
45.08
34.59
21.05
13.55
1.46
5.15
0.25
1.88
0.48
0.28
2.26
2.87
-
44.75
33.78 e
26.06 e
7.73 e
0.78
1.73
6.53
2.57
1.64
0.56
1.76
0.99
0.01
44.50
38.77 e
35.67 e
3.10
0.15
2.53
2.44
0.21
0.27
1.35
0.43
0.19
0.36
-
41.76
35.38
32.74
2.65
0.09
2.77
3.34
1.41
0.70
0.34
0.47
0.43
0.61
0.06
44.05
37.50
33.64
3.86
3.07
2.89
1.08
0.28
0.65
0.68
0.21
1.15
0.06
36.54
32.60
31.03
1.57
1.83
2.39
0.74
0.45
0.59
0.48
0.14
1.03
0.02
43.48
38.88
36.21
2.67
3.96
2.64
0.82
0.73
0.49
0.44
0.17
0.81
0.06
-0.06
-0.20
1.79
-4.57
-5.14
2.00
2.66
10.75
5.92
-2.05
-8.47
-
-0.14
0.70
1.66
-5.18
4.23
-4.42
-6.11
-5.85
-1.29
-10.97
-1.04
10.69
41.88
6.58
5.70
0.88
34.30
1.01
-
42.22
18.12
14.24
3.88
24.09
-
24.46
13.04
10.17
2.87
11.42
-
22.19
12.02
10.73
1.28
10.18
-
20.01
9.76
8.76
1.00
10.25
-
15.47
7.05
6.71
0.34
8.42
-
15.11
4.51
4.21
0.31
10.60
-
0.07
8.81
7.93
13.17
-2.90
-
-5.01
-6.71
-5.92
-11.88
-4.02
-
364.05
227.90 e
209.11 e
18.79
104.92
0.14
20.36
0.76
7.55
0.49
0.60
10.96
8.38
-
169.94
157.39 e
155.39 e
2.00
11.36
0.45
0.31
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.05
0.02
177.89
165.28
163.32
1.95
11.31
0.37
0.18
0.01
0.03
0.15
0.02
0.04
174.83
160.93
158.51
2.42
12.42
0.56
0.01
0.41
0.13
0.03
169.85
156.80
155.02
1.78
11.88
0.35
0.01
0.23
0.12
0.03
169.52
154.93
151.80
3.13
13.05
0.57
0.00
0.41
0.02
0.14
0.03
-0.43
0.13
-0.07
2.75
-1.77
18.25
-0.08
10.07
-2.81
11.48
-3.20
1.98
11.06
-
-3.75
-1.91
-1.59
-8.57
-9.90
-16.36
-28.22
-13.61
-14.57
-19.48
-
383.17
224.46
210.89
13.57
130.03
0.02
20.55
0.24
10.63
0.13
0.88
8.66
2.38
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
GERMANY
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
83.97
74.14
60.70
141.95
104.43
122.96
163.77
100.64
135.75
42.94
119.49
119.34
80.73
205.66
..
154.47
408.65
..
111.47
300.16
..
119.27
359.41
..
155.16
..
..
98.52
62.91
74.07
..
83.25
185.76
63.02
102.27
..
145.88
..
60.34
..
105.62
161.02
..
c
..
123.70
146.17
..
c
..
216.35
309.84
..
c
..
422.75
517.46
..
c
..
312.12
432.01
..
c
..
372.28
421.14
..
c
..
509.53
491.80
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
85.18
106.60
80.15
115.81
120.76
130.58
118.57
103.28
127.93
46.02
181.50
166.48
64.19
231.78
..
104.36
391.33
..
79.25
302.48
..
88.94
379.90
..
110.14
..
..
101.18
64.15
106.50
..
109.93
153.44
51.68
118.26
..
154.92
..
43.91
..
108.39
151.75
..
c
..
187.90
203.90
..
c
..
243.83
320.68
..
c
..
404.83
455.07
..
c
..
314.53
399.81
..
c
..
393.50
408.81
..
c
..
512.68
454.44
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
17.48
9.61
2.41
1.34
4.12
16.43
10.75
1.69
1.06
2.94
17.52
12.16
1.41
1.01
2.94
31.74
20.28
4.56
0.91
5.99
37.64
26.50
7.36
0.00
3.78
45.84
32.32
9.16
0.02
4.35
38.23
28.61
6.38
0.01
3.24
46.84
34.47
7.71
4.66
41.96
29.60
8.69
3.68
30.12
5.29
13.20
0.00
11.63
11.65
1.63
3.96
0.05
0.12
5.89
2.87
1.18
0.72
0.00
0.05
0.93
0.80
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.47
0.91
0.26
0.00
0.03
0.61
1.54
0.53
0.00
1.00
1.25
0.21
0.11
0.01
0.92
1.36
0.25
0.01
1.10
1.39
0.20
0.01
0.00
1.17

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
GERMANY
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
17656
18199
15663
17184
29744
37114
38485
45725
41286
2435
48
553
89
2235
4
82
20
26
102
1706
58
25
28
116
48
2
1427
434
20
1
147
613
210
4608
3414
865
50
257
19
7152
3403
1485
832
1135
-
6448
2565
611
295
1597
-
7793
2577
557
2393
-
8778
2551
830
492
2815
-
20
x
x
1725
363
x
x
1638
x
177
1252
1
1
x
-
2
1
x
-
132
90
x
49
26
194
430
x
336
420
312
574
x
1030
350
519
515
x
987
69
10430
763
428
152
2041
554
399
637
13312
720
235
346
2709
180
1072
918
11874
1094
45
248
2583
284
689
637
13625
505
83
922
3116
36
2066
988
23340
301
1061
6744
37
432
1236
29953
768
172
12
7924
132
64
32027
1042
498
14
3761
65
2827
117
37932
1529
587
15
5835
1
3321
137
32508
1559
893
39
3229
4865
179
21
1108
96
x
x
4231
9
19
3196
166
x
x
3742
8
128
38
4512
x
157
1451
84
995
194
4228
x
199
13
193
3
-
67
2719
149
4577
x
937
341
114
4625
2937
8215
x
7497
2232
6293
4890
x
9193
3327
7548
2714
x
10104
6141
17
9919
2152
x
8700
201
17
738
4791
2652
2083
2132
1796
10

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
GERMANY
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
13354
5701
4002
730
110
11
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
12335
213
1897
5020
2480
375
286
975
447
234
18
89
198
103
5640
146
960
2446
1600
486
2
-
3902
717
1443
859
465
415
3
-
730
1
481
1
1
238
7
1
-
3
1
1
1
-
5
5
-
6
6
-
11
11
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1019
15
520
5
-
61
-
100
100
-
479
61
105
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
GERMANY
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
5737
3539
1510
1120
276
255
201
247
193
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
5381
15
2123
944
1574
7
32
14
467
18
6
38
60
32
51
-
2293
51
1022
3
1
525
9
25
7
157
71
1
67
354
-
1186
6
678
3
81
5
28
1
48
45
1
42
5
38
205
-
1120
12
853
2
144
6
32
11
60
-
275
98
82
75
1
6
3
3
1
5
1
-
252
9
78
2
1
74
5
3
75
2
1
1
1
-
31
7
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
3
2
2
4
2
-
41
3
5
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
3
10
4
5
-
36
1
5
4
15
1
1
1
7
1
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
53
-
963
13
6
1
-
324
5
3
-
1
1
2
2
-
1
1
1
-
53
943
316
303
283
168
205
156
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
GERMANY
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
63.76
67.24
46.10
113.48
133.45
182.72
240.22
191.06
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
55.97
60.33
66.67
66.68
60.93
..
96.62
..
..
65.10
67.69
62.38
78.37
57.59
73.55
..
..
..
..
..
43.04
40.03
..
44.16
43.16
53.44
..
..
..
..
104.77
110.62
..
157.75
120.72
538.07
..
..
..
89.56
132.39
137.52
..
147.19
131.66
..
..
..
..
81.15
217.74
180.05
..
430.07
151.09
172.05
..
..
..
136.07
282.87
223.30
..
158.89
151.81
..
193.09
..
..
130.86
206.44
220.05
189.56
292.74
201.28
..
211.34
..
..
116.19
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
57.87
53.53
33.45
72.48
81.49
138.84
100.87
101.29
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
62.06
66.66
63.93
62.25
55.69
73.16
61.65
62.96
47.20
47.72
51.00
88.38
64.04
46.86
50.00
33.06
45.24
51.35
46.38
41.35
32.19
..
37.25
31.39
35.85
37.57
34.09
35.41
33.42
34.88
..
..
85.54
73.74
73.70
85.99
69.49
76.10
67.69
68.13
64.73
116.92
90.41
91.16
98.66
228.55
76.67
71.34
75.05
76.21
129.56
..
152.10
154.54
135.78
..
..
138.95
144.76
139.38
152.06
..
199.57
104.83
102.27
..
87.91
..
82.97
93.84
174.90
..
151.99
93.05
104.33
..
87.27
..
113.77
105.75
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
GREECE*
45
500
40
450
35
400
350
30
300
25
250
20
200
15
150
10
100
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
16
12
14
12
10
10
8
6
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

70
120
60
100
50
Other use
80
40
60
30
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
10
GREECE
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
16.87
3.01
12.95
0.64
0.27
0.01
-
21.40
4.66
15.60
0.64
0.42
0.08
-
30.63
11.52
17.24
0.20
1.28
0.22
0.00
0.08
0.09
-
38.69
12.91
21.26
2.43
1.44
0.45
0.00
0.20
-0.00
-
42.05
12.04
22.56
4.24
1.41
0.66
0.03
0.58
0.54
-
39.45
11.23
19.79
4.62
1.54
0.92
0.04
0.61
0.70
-
37.92
11.38
17.93
5.45
1.50
0.47
0.04
0.74
0.40
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.57
8.23
1.70
4.12
-1.33
17.63
-
1.27
-0.13
0.69
17.08
0.93
7.46
12.46
10.67
10.97
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
120
0.14
9.1
1.86
78.4
47.2
50.1
15
56.9
1980
146
0.15
9.8
2.18
81.5
60.0
64.3
23
76.1
1990
156
0.20
10.3
2.96
108.9
138.4
85.9
35
83.7
2000
197
0.20
10.9
3.54
109.2
123.1
103.3
53
100.6
2009
252
0.17
11.3
3.73
92.7
89.6
102.4
61
92.4
2010
243
0.16
11.3
3.49
90.1
86.7
103.0
57
87.0
2011e
226
0.17
11.3
3.35
93.0
94.4
..
53
79.6
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.59
2.24
1.95
-0.94
0.76
0.45
2.78
0.82
1.95
-0.94
6.53
-2.31
3.22
0.91
5.15
2.53
2.30
0.19
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
3.97
-
10.17
-
11.75
-
12.20
-
11.68
-
10.45
-
10.87
-
8.16
-
0.14
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
21.82
-
51.90
-
63.89
-
69.40
-
64.89
-
56.52
-
58.77
-
7.49
-
0.43
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
GREECE
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
12.18
0.74
9.24
0.64
1.56
-
15.29
0.67
11.53
0.64
2.45
-
20.71
1.74
13.97
0.14
1.28
0.00
0.08
3.50
-
26.36
1.25
17.73
0.54
1.35
0.00
0.14
5.30
0.04
30.27
0.57
19.53
1.43
1.44
0.02
0.25
6.96
0.06
29.41
0.25
19.23
1.53
1.32
0.03
0.26
6.72
0.07
27.82
0.43
17.45
1.62
1.42
0.04
0.26
6.53
0.07
3.17
5.13
2.46
4.12
4.86
-
1.49
-6.74
1.12
13.11
0.54
12.46
6.07
3.17
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
4.19
0.53
2.75
0.91
-
5.52
0.45
3.78
1.29
-
5.69
1.53
2.40
0.27
1.49
-
6.34
1.22
2.78
0.35
0.33
1.66
-
6.01
0.56
2.52
0.65
0.38
1.90
-
4.94
0.24
2.05
0.58
0.35
1.73
-
4.96
0.43
1.91
0.53
0.35
1.74
-
1.81
6.39
-0.80
2.97
-
-0.69
-6.18
-1.14
1.25
0.78
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.95
0.02
2.92
-
4.55
0.00
4.54
-
7.20
0.00
7.18
-
9.14
9.11
-
10.75
10.59
0.03
11.94
11.78
0.02
10.69
10.46
0.02
5.38
-17.43
5.43
-
1.99
1.90
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.01
2.80
0.06
1.72
-
0.01
2.84
0.06
1.44
-
0.02
4.35
0.03
2.12
-
0.03
6.40
0.03
3.44
0.01
0.10
0.03
7.45
0.01
3.65
0.30
0.11
0.03
6.93
0.01
3.14
0.37
0.18
0.02
6.62
0.00
2.81
0.36
5.92
2.63
-3.78
1.25
-
1.92
2.12
-9.06
1.42
-
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.64
0.38
0.25
0.00
-
0.64
0.69
0.40
0.00
-
1.00
..
0.08
1.11
0.93
0.01
0.23
-
1.00
..
0.14
1.75
0.04
1.87
0.35
0.01
0.95
0.01
0.24
2.23
0.06
3.17
0.56
0.18
0.84
0.02
0.26
2.23
0.07
3.06
0.42
0.21
0.86
0.02
0.26
2.23
0.07
2.80
0.38
0.20
2.65
..
6.58
7.96
11.79
-
-0.74
..
5.99
3.52
5.68
2.63
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.25
0.76
0.12
0.64
-
0.40
0.71
0.15
0.56
-
0.00
0.69
1.00
0.17
0.70
0.14
0.00
0.00
1.51
1.03
0.85
0.17
0.00
0.00
2.42
1.33
0.00
1.06
0.27
0.00
0.01
2.43
1.29
0.94
0.35
0.00
0.01
2.21
1.58
1.08
0.51
6.12
1.63
1.77
0.52
-
12.32
6.01
2.32
2.21
6.70

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
GREECE
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
2.4
0.7
-0.0
-0.1
4.2
0.5
-0.1
10.2
1.3
0.0
11.7
1.2
-0.1
0.1
11.7
0.2
-0.0
0.1
10.5
0.6
0.2
10.9
0.4
0.1
8.8
4.0
-
0.1
-4.1
-
3.0
4.7
11.5
12.9
12.0
11.2
11.4
8.2
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
-2.1 e
-3.9 e
-9.9
-11.8
-11.8
-10.9
..
9.5
0.5

-2.0
-2.0
-
-3.8
-3.8
-
-9.8
-9.8
-
-11.8
-11.8
-
-11.8
-11.8
-
-10.9
-10.9
-
..
..
..
9.8
9.8
-
0.5
0.5
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1 e
0.0
-0.1 e
0.0
-
-0.1 e
0.0
-0.1 e
-0.1
-
0.0
..
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
-6.3
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
..
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
0.7
0.7
1.7
1.3
0.2
0.4
..
5.1
-6.7
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.3
1.5
0.1
1.2
0.0
0.3
1.2
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
6.4
5.6
36.6
-0.1
-6.2
-7.7
-1.8
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-17.4
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-1.8
11.8
-3.8
-
-10.8
-9.1
-
Non-energy use
0.1
0.1
0.2
..
1.8
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

GREECE
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
0.15
0.02
0.13
0.13
0.00
-
1.38
1.38
1.29
0.09
0.00
-
1.12
0.01
0.01
1.12
1.05
0.07
-
0.56
0.56
0.43
0.13
0.00
-
0.52
0.52
0.38
0.14
0.00
-
0.34
0.02
0.02
0.26
0.13
0.13
0.00
-
0.61
0.16
0.16
0.46
0.27
0.19
-
20.18
21.66
-3.54
-8.75
-
-3.97
-5.38
-7.60
4.10
-
0.21
0.21
-
21.74
19.83
19.83
0.66
0.36
0.21
0.16
0.83
52.05
50.53
50.53
0.35
0.52
0.20
0.02
0.30
0.08
0.58
64.56
63.86
63.86
0.24
0.38
0.00
0.38
0.08
-
70.10
69.43
69.43
0.41
0.22
0.22
0.03
-
64.63
64.23
64.23
0.04
0.30
0.30
0.03
-
65.21
65.17
65.17
0.03
0.03
0.02
-
57.70
57.66
57.66
0.02
0.02
0.03
-
7.55
8.11
8.11
-5.14
2.96
-0.25
5.46
-2.96
0.52
0.66
0.66
-14.59
-12.23
-5.34
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
GREECE
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
49.62
..
..
116.53
..
..
141.39
..
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
93.42
..
58.87
..
x
..
..
116.53
..
x
..
..
..
141.39
x
..
..
..
170.14
153.52
..
..
240.10
261.75
243.00
..
..
..
470.29
500.81
..
..
..
355.68
343.12
..
..
..
431.57
402.55
..
..
..
583.17
506.54
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
7.35
..
..
74.15
..
..
131.86
..
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
8.82
..
8.72
..
x
..
..
74.15
..
x
..
..
..
131.86
x
..
..
..
249.44
211.00
..
..
265.07
288.97
251.50
..
..
..
441.16
440.42
..
..
..
351.11
317.54
..
..
..
446.86
390.76
..
..
..
574.80
468.06
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.40
0.12
0.21
0.07
1.31
1.28
0.03
1.32
1.31
0.01
1.16
1.16
0.00
0.57
0.56
0.00
0.59
0.59
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.57
0.57
0.01
0.00
0.41
0.39
0.02
-
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.00
-
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
GREECE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
349
2040
1380
1409
1245
646
297
651
540
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
213
159
54
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
136
48
1
75
-
2040
588
2
17
61
1136
-
1380
35
4
1409
36
-
1245
110
-
646
71
267
23
617
47
51
429
-
12
x
x
-
207
29
x
x
-
1017
x
324
-
1123
x
250
-
119
205
447
x
321
43
-
63
132
x
380
-
x
233
11
-
76
45
x
398
-
82
x
232
81
34
30
34
111
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
GREECE
Coking coal(2)
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
40.74
288.28
402.73
304.84
310.94
380.10
255.93
354.06
..
40.88
..
201.72
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
288.28
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
43.47
42.95
32.02
54.72
78.44
117.37
133.42
105.45
..
..
..
131.94
..
52.03
..
29.06
..
..
42.36
..
..
179.85
..
..
..
45.00
..
40.52
54.16
..
..
112.43
..
24.40
31.20
33.32
31.02
29.73
37.42
..
..
198.06
..
..
..
..
76.16
69.89
46.37
..
..
252.12
..
..
..
79.58
..
..
75.73
..
..
341.67
..
120.31
..
..
..
..
97.49
..
..
346.31
..
..
..
99.14
..
195.66
54.30
..
..
306.04
..
94.73
..
112.67
..
187.04
95.73
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
HUNGARY*
45
120
40
100
35
30
80
25
60
20
15
40
10
20
5
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

45
100
40
90
35
80
Other use
70
30
60
25
50
20
40
15
30
10
20
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
HUNGARY
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
30.39
11.29
11.64
5.96
0.91
0.01
0.57
-
40.50
12.04
15.42
11.39
0.74
0.01
0.91
-
41.08
8.86
11.93
12.73
0.94
5.11
0.02
0.12
1.37
-
35.71
5.50
9.47
13.79
1.08
5.30
0.02
0.12
0.42
-
35.51
3.66
9.62
13.07
2.52
5.76
0.03
0.14
0.05
0.68
-
36.67
3.86
9.35
14.02
2.68
5.88
0.02
0.14
0.07
0.64
-
35.81
3.91
8.96
13.36
2.65
5.86
0.03
0.14
0.08
0.82
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.79
-1.42
0.14
4.57
0.15
3.39
5.26
-
-0.57
-4.07
-1.21
0.48
5.39
0.71
0.27
0.69
-3.75
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
61
0.50
10.4
2.92
139.2
464.7
98.0
18
..
e
e
e
e
e
1980
78
0.52
10.7
3.78
144.8
386.9
111.4
24
53.2
e
e
e
e
e
1990
88
0.47
10.4
3.96
131.2
254.2
122.9
28
51.9
e
e
e
e
e
2000
90
0.40
10.2
3.50
111.1
153.7
111.6
35
76.0
2009
108
0.33
10.0
3.54
92.1
85.2
104.8
36
97.6
2010
109
0.34
10.0
3.67
94.0
88.9
106.8
37
107.8
2011e
111
0.32
10.0
3.59
90.2
88.5
..
36
113.7
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.14
1.11
-0.35
-1.65
-0.03
-0.18
1.82
-0.39
-0.35
-1.65
-3.49
-5.12
1.34
-0.70
2.85
1.38
..
3.72
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.87
1.08
7.12
-
0.17
0.14
5.72
-
4.13
-
2.50
-
2.22
-
2.28
-
2.39
-
-12.69
-15.56
-1.80
-
-4.50
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.86
2.50
22.74
-
0.17
0.33
17.33
-
14.03
-
9.57
-
8.99
-
9.11
-
9.56
-
-12.69
-15.56
-2.24
-
-3.16
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
HUNGARY
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
23.61
5.83
9.23
4.01
0.88
2.16
1.51
30.81
5.06
12.86
6.59
0.71
3.14
2.46
29.49
3.30
10.17
8.85
0.88
0.12
3.88
2.27
24.55
0.77
7.43
9.56
0.99
0.11
3.62
2.07
26.54
0.74
9.37
9.24
1.20
0.13
0.01
4.22
1.65
25.48
0.51
9.09
8.70
1.43
0.13
0.01
4.07
1.56
25.89
0.56
8.69
9.18
1.55
0.13
0.01
4.20
1.56
1.32
-3.28
0.57
4.78
0.01
3.52
2.43
-0.65
-8.46
-0.78
0.18
2.86
0.38
0.40
-1.88
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
8.76
2.24
2.18
2.32
0.03
1.32
0.66
10.59
1.84
2.43
3.70
0.02
1.70
0.91
8.62
0.74
1.28
4.58
0.00
1.69
0.33
4.66
0.42
0.38
1.96
0.09
1.08
0.74
4.43
0.50
0.29
1.73
0.17
0.00
1.22
0.52
3.47
0.30
0.22
1.27
0.16
0.00
1.05
0.47
3.73
0.35
0.20
1.38
0.17
0.00
1.20
0.43
-0.09
-6.30
-3.09
4.07
-10.48
1.46
-4.03
-4.11
-3.74
-8.93
-5.81
20.33
-1.69
1.35
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.26
0.54
2.62
-
4.11
0.18
3.80
-
4.19
0.00
4.04
0.00
4.34
0.00
4.21
0.00
6.47
6.08
0.00
6.44
6.05
0.00
5.88
5.49
0.00
1.49
-30.33
2.58
-
1.71
1.55
10.35
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.10
5.42
2.22
1.41
0.26
0.13
7.36
2.66
1.75
0.69
0.15
9.58
2.40
1.67
2.35
0.12
7.99
0.28
0.44
4.32
0.24
0.15
7.95
0.23
0.15
4.70
0.24
0.15
7.88
0.20
0.15
4.54
0.25
0.14
8.19
0.21
0.19
4.66
2.40
3.41
0.47
0.98
13.85
-0.35
-0.78
-11.41
-10.33
3.48
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.80
0.31
0.41
1.60
0.67
0.24
0.13
0.65
0.62
0.98
2.00
0.32
0.64
0.28
0.85
1.13
1.19
2.88
0.13
0.41
0.88
0.79
1.20
0.95
4.32
0.03
0.10
2.53
0.66
0.01
1.41
0.79
3.98
0.00
0.03
2.06
0.83
0.01
1.38
0.77
4.27
0.00
0.03
2.24
0.94
0.01
1.38
0.81
4.48
0.00
0.03
2.45
0.31
7.83
6.43
3.51
-9.18
3.15
11.98
0.52
1.00
-1.87
2.23
-16.09
-12.25
5.27
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.28
0.28
1.84
0.98
0.86
0.00
0.33
0.43
3.51
2.20
1.30
0.01
0.12
0.68
0.65
2.48
1.69
0.79
0.08
0.11
1.09
0.37
2.27
1.80
0.47
0.11
0.11
0.00
1.33
0.34
2.95
2.45
0.50
0.17
0.11
0.00
1.40
0.32
2.79
2.32
0.46
0.17
0.11
0.00
1.40
0.31
2.90
2.39
0.52
5.28
5.08
1.79
3.27
-0.48
13.09
-0.40
3.66
-3.60
0.79
1.73
-2.09

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
HUNGARY
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
8.6
2.5
-0.2
0.3
9.1
3.2
-0.0
-0.2
6.0
2.3
-0.0
0.5
4.1
1.7
-0.2
-0.2
2.2
1.6
-0.2
0.1
2.3
2.0
-0.4
-0.0
2.4
1.8
-0.4
0.1
-2.1
-0.4
-28.6
-4.8
-0.7
39.5
Primary supply
11.3
12.0
8.9
5.5
3.7
3.9
3.9
-1.4
-4.1
1.2
0.6
-0.7
0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
-6.5 e
-7.5 e
-4.7 e
-4.6 e
-3.0 e
-3.1 e
..
-1.9
-2.0

-5.8
-5.4
-0.4
-6.9
-6.5
-0.5
-4.5
-4.2
-0.2
-4.1
-4.1
-
-2.6
-2.6
-0.0
-2.7
-2.6
-0.0
..
..
..
-1.5
-1.4
-3.5
-2.6
-2.3
-21.6
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.3
0.2
..
-1.0 e
0.4
-0.9 e
-0.4
-0.1
-0.8 e
0.4
-0.9 e
-0.3
0.0
-0.3 e
-0.6 e
-0.1
0.5
-0.5 e
-0.4 e
-0.2
0.0
-0.4 e
-0.3 e
-0.1
0.0
-0.5 e
-0.4 e
-0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
-7.8
-2.6
-5.3
-
3.4
-2.0
-1.2
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
..
-0.2
1.2
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
5.8
5.1
3.3
0.8
0.5
0.6
..
-3.3
-8.5
2.2
0.9 e
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.7
1.8
0.9 e
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.5
0.7
0.5 e
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.3 e
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.2 e
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.3 e
0.0
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-6.3
-3.6
-9.1
-9.8
-14.5
-8.9
-3.7
-2.8
-15.0
-1.6
-12.1
Transport(7)
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
..
-30.3
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
3.0
0.7
2.2
0.2
3.0
0.3
2.7
0.1
2.6
0.1
2.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
..
..
..
..
-1.0
-9.2
0.5
-8.9
-11.6
-16.1
-11.4
-18.3
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

HUNGARY
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
3.34
1.62
1.56
0.06
0.33
0.38
0.19
0.02
0.07
0.10
0.87
-
1.44
0.93
0.10
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.40
-
0.39
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.11
0.11
0.21
-
1.27
0.66
0.66
0.02
0.19
0.19
0.00
0.37
-
1.18
0.71
0.71
0.00
0.01
0.19
0.18
0.01
0.28
-
0.76
0.43
0.42
0.00
0.01
0.10
0.09
0.01
0.22
-
0.65
0.37
0.37
0.00
0.06
0.06
0.01
0.22
-
-6.81
8.97
-10.29
-9.95
-7.85
-13.19
-9.91
-6.23
-
-3.86
-2.40
7.67
-6.70
-2.99
-
1.74
1.38
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.16
-
0.97
0.96
0.00
0.00
0.01
-
1.28
1.28
-
0.81
0.81
-
1.43
1.43
-
1.02
1.02
-
1.42
1.41
-
-4.74
-3.04
-10.91
-9.91
-20.46
-
1.90
1.98
-
22.88
16.68
16.06
0.62
1.09
2.28
0.08
0.25
0.99
0.06
0.91
2.48
-
17.90
14.53
14.34
0.20
0.90
0.54
0.03
0.08
0.19
0.01
0.24
1.88
-
13.50
12.97
12.97
0.07
0.03
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.43
-
9.51
9.37
9.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
-
9.22
9.08
9.08
0.02
0.02
0.12
-
8.90
8.76
8.76
0.01
0.01
0.13
-
8.92
8.74
8.74
0.01
0.01
0.17
-
-2.02
-1.14
-0.94
-9.07
-1.55
-11.31
-8.93
-8.81
-13.02
-17.57
-10.44
-2.31
-
-3.42
-2.51
-2.44
-19.54
-15.10
-11.26
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
HUNGARY
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
90.60
64.33
76.50
c
58.61
68.34
c
105.44
77.67
c
..
222.34
c
..
485.08
c
..
399.65
c
..
295.07
c
..
379.58
..
c
..
..
..
100.92
c
70.64
..
102.01
..
c
71.29
81.57
82.13
..
c
95.91
99.70
85.27
..
c
..
243.38
268.82
..
c
..
459.28
585.67
..
c
..
324.26
475.56
..
c
..
399.70
332.40
..
c
..
544.68
394.69
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Hungarian forints / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
1.70
5.64
6.22
c
10.21
11.05
c
41.25
28.19
c
..
57.04
c
..
107.56
c
..
103.82
c
..
78.82
c
..
97.88
..
c
..
..
..
3.70
c
6.06
..
8.29
..
c
12.16
13.92
13.28
..
c
36.74
38.19
30.95
..
c
..
65.91
68.96
..
c
..
107.50
129.86
..
c
..
88.92
123.55
..
c
..
112.70
88.79
..
c
..
148.26
101.78
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
2.96
0.86
0.60
1.51
2.33
0.64
0.65
0.14
0.90
2.37
1.47
0.28
0.24
0.37
1.73
1.26
0.33
0.13
0.01
2.08
0.47
0.96
0.43
0.22
2.43
0.40
1.54
0.46
0.03
1.58
0.31
1.04
0.21
0.02
2.02
0.26
1.57
0.17
0.02
1.83
0.10
1.53
0.18
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.03
0.00
0.00
-
0.39
0.39
0.19
0.00
0.19
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.10
0.41
0.00
0.04
0.02
0.35
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.22
0.40
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.39
0.40
0.00
0.00
0.40

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
HUNGARY
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
1630
2413
1763
2209 e
1891
2153
1717
2059
1854
817
-
478
-
610
-
1418 e
-
1234
800
251
51
-
898
115
230
217
52
-
973
368
22
379
23
1460
380
129
840
-
1430
215
86
1017
-
817 e
x
x
-
478 e
x
x
-
x
610 e
-
x
- e
1418
x
132
-
x
284
-
x
156
25
-
46
x
65
-
72
40
x
-
813
-
1733
-
890
-
384 e
168 e
212 e
-
430
42
294
-
1255
409
263
1
744
262
59
7
599
292
17
59
-
424
274
16
49
-
x
x
813
x
x
1733
x
890
x
4 e
-
x
94
-
x
582
-
5
x
406
5
-
x
220
11
-
x
85
-
202
263
227
Lignite
407

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
ICELAND*
14000
12000
7
10000
6
5
8000
6000
4000
2000
1
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

0.18
0.16
0.16
0.14
0.14
0.12
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.02
0 02
0.02
0.00
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0.00
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

20
2.5
Other use
18
16
2.0
14
1.5
12
10
1.0
8
6
0.5
4
2
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
ICELAND
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1.60
0.00
0.82
0.27
0.50
-
2.14
0.03
0.82
0.38
0.91
-
2.98
0.09
0.89
0.52
1.48
-
4.43
0.14
1.00
0.00
0.78
2.51
-
7.69
0.12
1.28
0.00
1.51
4.78
-
7.67
0.13
1.21
0.00
1.55
4.78
-
8.20
0.13
1.15
0.00
1.54
5.38
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.74
31.25
0.47
3.86
6.58
-
4.83
1.71
1.56
5.64
6.02
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
5
0.29
0.2
7.54
96.3
1.9
79.5
2
..
1980
8
0.27
0.2
9.38
89.3
36.6
76.2
3
..
1990
10
0.29
0.3
11.70
95.1
102.3
79.5
5
..
2000
13
0.34
0.3
15.76
109.8
121.0
109.2
8
..
2009
17
0.45
0.3
24.11
147.5
81.9
191.4
17
..
2010
16
0.47
0.3
24.12
153.2
90.0
200.0
17
..
2011e
17
0.48
0.3
25.77
158.8
85.7
..
17
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.81
2.37
-0.07
2.41
1.09
1.11
2.62
3.68
-0.07
2.41
26.43
-0.64
-0.01
4.72
3.99
6.88
..
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat

IEA/OECD, 2012
ICELAND
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
1.46
0.00
0.77
0.44
0.25
-
1.83
0.03
0.78
0.63
0.35
0.05
2.34
0.09
0.85
0.78
0.48
0.14
3.01
0.14
0.99
0.78
0.85
0.25
4.17
0.13
1.29
0.00
0.53
1.87
0.34
4.27
0.12
1.30
0.00
0.59
1.92
0.34
4.20
0.13
1.21
0.00
0.59
1.93
0.34
2.82
31.25
0.56
3.52
3.81
-
2.96
1.71
1.80
-1.41
7.20
4.49
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
0.38
0.16
0.04
0.18
-
0.50
0.03
0.20
0.04
0.24
-
0.60
0.09
0.13
0.06
0.31
-
1.03
0.14
0.16
0.08
0.64
-
1.86
0.13
0.10
0.02
1.60
-
1.87
0.12
0.07
0.02
1.66
-
1.89
0.13
0.05
0.02
1.69
-
2.62
-1.31
2.53
3.19
-
5.94
1.71
-4.17
-6.02
8.77
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.18
0.18
-
0.23
0.23
-
0.30
0.30
-
0.30
0.30
-
0.44
0.44
-
0.42
0.42
-
0.40
0.40
-
3.02
3.02
-
1.46
1.45
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.64
0.00
0.25
-
0.76
0.10
-
0.83
0.02
-
0.86
0.01
-
0.00
0.71
0.01
-
0.00
0.75
0.00
-
0.00
0.73
0.00
-
1.55
-13.32
-
-0.64
-7.58
-
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.35
0.04
0.03
-
0.54
0.08
0.04
0.04
-
0.63
0.07
0.11
0.10
-
0.56
0.07
0.21
0.17
-
0.37
0.11
0.23
0.29
0.00
-
0.41
0.11
0.23
0.30
0.00
-
0.41
0.08
0.23
0.30
0.00
-
3.58
2.88
7.17
-
-2.14
0.77
4.01
5.59
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.03
-
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.02
-
0.03
0.06
0.01
0.09
0.09
-
0.06
0.09
0.01
0.18
0.18
-
0.10
0.13
0.06
0.49
0.49
-
0.11
0.13
0.06
0.49
0.49
-
0.11
0.13
0.06
0.48
0.48
-
3.13
9.56
6.57
6.57
-
6.49
3.79
9.70
8.53
8.53
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ICELAND
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
0.0
-
0.0
-
0.1
-
0.1
-
0.1
-0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
31.3
-
1.5
-
Primary supply
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
31.3
1.7
..
..

..
..
..
Autoproducers
Gas works
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Energy ind. own use
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
..
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
31.3
1.7
0.0
0.0
-
0.1
0.1
0.0
-
0.1
0.1
0.0
-
0.1
0.1
0.0
-
0.1
0.1
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.7
2.1
-1.5
-
..
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..

IEA/OECD, 2012

ICELAND
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
0.05
0.05
0.05
-
0.09
0.09
0.09
-
0.10
0.10
0.10
-
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.02
-
0.09
0.09
0.09
-
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.01
-
3.43
3.43
3.11
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
-5.72
-5.72
-5.72
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
ICELAND
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Icelandic krona / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.09
0.05
0.01
0.03
0.08
0.06
0.01
0.02
0.14
0.08
0.01
0.04
0.14
0.10
0.01
0.03
0.12
0.09
0.01
0.02
0.13
0.10
0.01
0.02
0.12
0.10
0.00
0.02
0.13
0.10
0.01
0.02

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ICELAND
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
69
65
65
101
117
115
106
112
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
20
4
16
-
13
13
-
7
7
14
7
7
14
7
7
10
-
4
3
1
-
8
8
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
10
-
x
-
x
-
49
3
42
2
52
52
-
58
11
37
10
87
6
4
48
19
103
39
1
9
54
105
43
2
5
55
102
14
1
19
68
104
3
50
51
x
x
-
2
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
10
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IRELAND*
25
180
160
20
140
120
15
100
80
10
60
40
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

6
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

50
35
Other use
45
30
40
25
35
30
20
25
15
20
10
15
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
IRELAND
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
9.87
2.26
7.52
0.08
0.01
-
11.77
2.73
7.88
1.05
0.10
-
14.27
4.96
6.39
2.67
0.15
0.09
0.00
-
19.61
3.80
10.56
4.91
0.20
0.10
0.03
0.01
-
20.57
3.15
10.25
6.12
0.48
0.11
0.37
0.09
-
20.57
2.98
9.87
6.71
0.52
0.07
0.35
0.06
-
19.31
3.08
9.12
5.88
0.53
0.09
0.55
0.06
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.19
4.72
-0.95
0.47
-
1.85
-2.52
2.20
4.70
6.33
-0.75
53.33
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
42
0.24
3.1
3.21
231.3
275.4
122.4
7
..
1980
58
0.20
3.4
3.46
200.3
240.7
124.3
11
12.8
1990
82
0.17
3.5
4.07
170.2
307.1
120.2
14
23.6
2000
160
0.12
3.8
5.16
120.7
121.3
106.0
24
74.9
2009
203
0.10
4.5
4.60
99.6
79.1
102.6
28
101.4
2010
202
0.10
4.5
4.60
99.9
75.1
103.8
28
109.0
2011e
204
0.09
4.6
4.23
93.2
77.2
..
27
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
4.05
4.59
-1.79
-2.63
0.78
1.23
1.40
0.61
-1.79
-2.63
0.64
-6.80
-0.11
-0.73
3.96
3.52
..
7.95
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.02
1.50
0.02
2.02
0.04
1.38
0.05
1.16
0.07
0.83
0.06
1.42
0.06
1.06
0.45
2.50
5.35
-1.73
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.02
5.24
0.03
6.52
0.05
4.81
0.06
3.96
0.07
2.77
0.07
4.99
0.06
3.71
1.46
1.82
4.97
-1.32

IEA/OECD, 2012
IRELAND
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
7.30
1.47
5.08
0.76
-
9.06
1.94
5.57
0.49
1.06
-
10.56
2.19
5.33
1.43
0.15
0.00
1.46
-
15.12
0.90
9.29
2.26
0.17
0.00
2.49
-
17.83
0.91
11.08
2.23
0.33
0.00
3.28
-
16.08
0.83
9.68
2.11
0.39
0.01
3.07
-
16.06
0.78
9.46
2.31
0.41
0.01
3.09
-
2.19
2.36
0.29
3.94
-
2.12
-5.03
2.91
2.43
5.08
26.80
3.83
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
2.43
0.10
2.06
0.27
-
3.10
0.17
2.04
0.49
0.39
-
2.48
0.35
0.97
0.51
0.09
0.55
-
3.57
0.16
1.64
0.67
0.14
0.95
-
3.48
0.24
1.34
0.73
0.20
0.98
-
2.94
0.16
0.93
0.61
0.22
1.02
-
2.74
0.15
0.87
0.67
0.21
0.84
-
0.12
7.86
-4.33
4.28
-
0.52
-4.30
-0.53
1.35
4.42
2.16
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.61
1.61
-
2.20
2.20
-
2.34
2.34
-
4.91
4.90
-
6.47
6.38
-
5.88
5.76
-
5.59
5.46
-
2.22
2.22
-
4.44
4.32
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.58
1.38
0.89
-
2.60
1.66
0.50
-
0.00
3.10
1.81
0.55
0.17
0.00
3.47
0.74
1.30
0.63
0.08
0.01
4.44
0.64
1.77
0.95
0.11
0.01
4.35
0.67
1.75
0.89
0.13
0.01
4.54
0.63
1.80
1.01
1.08
1.64
-2.81
-
5.42
1.93
-5.13
6.14
9.42
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.32
0.36
0.19
-
0.44
0.83
0.11
0.50
-
0.06
0.00
0.51
1.40
0.02
0.90
0.13
0.02
0.00
0.78
1.94
0.01
0.83
0.42
0.03
0.00
1.05
2.57
0.04
0.80
0.55
0.04
0.01
1.00
2.29
0.68
0.61
0.05
0.01
1.05
2.41
0.63
0.63
2.80
8.37
9.60
-
-1.43
26.58
3.66
2.77
-1.72
8.02
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.17
0.30
0.30
-
0.22
0.29
0.29
-
0.34
0.89
0.28
0.61
0.69
0.79
0.24
0.55
0.02
0.00
1.17
0.43
0.43
-
0.02
0.00
0.98
0.23
0.23
-
0.02
0.00
1.13
0.38
0.38
-
4.32
6.71
-0.37
-
6.12
-4.19
1.57
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IRELAND
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1.5
0.8
-0.1
0.0
1.5
1.2
-0.0
0.0
2.0
2.9
-0.0
0.1
1.4
2.4
-0.0
-0.0
0.9
2.0
-0.0
0.3
1.5
1.5
-0.0
0.0
1.1
2.2
-0.0
-0.2
1.7
7.7
-6.4
-1.6
-3.2
-1.7
2.3
2.7
5.0
3.8
3.2
3.0
3.1
4.7
-2.5
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.3
-0.2
..
-0.8
-0.7
-2.7
-2.8
-2.0
-2.0
..
7.6
-1.5

-0.9
-0.9
-
-0.8
-0.8
-0.0
-2.6
-2.6
-0.0
-2.7
-2.7
-0.0
-1.9
-1.9
-0.0
-1.9
-1.9
-0.0
..
..
..
6.4
6.3
-
-1.5
-1.5
0.0
0.2
0.1
..
0.0
0.0
-
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
..
..
..
..
..
0.2
-1.9
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
5.2
6.2
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
..
1.5
1.9
2.2
0.9
0.8
0.8
..
2.4
-5.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
7.9
8.0
1.3
-4.3
-2.4
-5.1
..
1.4
1.4
-
1.8
0.1
1.7
-
1.8
0.0
1.8
-
0.7
0.0
0.7
-
0.7
0.7
-
0.6
0.6
-
..
..
..
..
1.7
1.6
-
-5.2
-5.1
-
..
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

IRELAND
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.54
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.46
-
3.18
1.97
1.96
0.01
0.33
0.03
0.19
0.11
1.05
-
2.99
2.35
2.34
0.01
0.03
0.17
0.11
0.06
0.40
-
3.00
2.34
2.33
0.01
0.04
0.32
0.22
0.09
0.37
-
2.36
1.65
1.65
0.02
0.25
0.20
0.04
0.36
-
1.96
1.31
1.31
0.02
0.17
0.13
0.04
0.36
-
1.96
1.47
1.47
0.02
0.16
0.12
0.00
0.04
0.35
-
15.88
45.40
45.37
19.33
9.19
7.25
-
-2.41
-1.44
-1.43
-3.63
-2.38
-5.14
-5.38
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.04
0.04
-
0.04
0.04
-
0.05
0.05
-
0.03
0.02
-
0.02
0.03
-
0.02
0.02
-
-2.92
-2.70
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
IRELAND
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
63.11
82.37
90.97
53.27
90.43
92.51
34.26
103.73
77.04
79.21
210.16
c
112.40
418.02
c
128.53
..
c
94.21
..
c
141.76
..
c
..
x
102.26
..
189.24
..
x
115.42
..
257.44
..
x
126.31
..
247.33
..
x
168.24
..
112.77
..
x
309.06
..
290.90
..
x
646.44
..
479.29
..
x
540.65
..
376.03
..
x
625.70
..
335.39
..
x
818.99
..
397.16
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
42.89
85.67
89.83
37.38
97.12
94.32
32.89
152.42
107.47
56.42
229.12
c
68.03
387.23
c
81.87
..
c
62.94
..
c
90.15
..
c
..
x
91.68
..
161.07
..
x
120.05
..
254.20
..
x
135.65
..
252.17
..
x
247.21
..
157.32
..
x
336.94
..
301.08
..
x
598.81
..
421.50
..
x
527.04
..
348.00
..
x
639.76
..
325.57
..
x
797.14
..
366.99
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.58
0.57
0.01
2.90
2.83
0.01
0.03
0.03
2.72
2.68
0.03
0.01
2.44
2.42
0.03
-
2.91
2.87
0.04
-
2.43
2.42
0.02
-
1.97
1.95
0.02
-
1.51
1.49
0.01
-
2.19
2.17
0.01
-
0.08
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
IRELAND
(2)
Total coal
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
565
1918
3121
2910
2784
3076
2087
1593
2311
7
6
-
14
2
2
2
5
x
x
-
x
x
1
3
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
565
6
331
214
-
1911
76
2
65
735
390
329
122
3067
21
430
302
1277
115
2860
118
3
300
101
1031
10
2747
292
176
123
452
-
3024
299
5
288
19
36
2055
241
32
-
1571
278
38
-
2289
187
28
-
11
x
x
3
5
70
x
x
117
7
667
17
71
x
15
5
140
955
43
226
x
73
904
327
418
x
55
9
1013
602
634
x
9
110
1223
337
x
222
1184
39
x
32
x
2074
40
50
37
52
32
22
22
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
IRELAND
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
107.07
101.41
104.63
412.43
86.14
102.25
794.41
571.13
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
100.40
..
..
106.09
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
98.08
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
97.32
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
77.79
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
96.99
95.68
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
70.76
69.55
42.85
74.91
125.15
143.08
148.41
116.63
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
98.25
62.06
82.52
72.99
69.73
85.34
81.51
41.76
..
..
99.09
57.93
..
36.07
80.28
84.69
70.14
36.34
..
..
83.30
55.28
..
..
30.19
41.55
..
84.49
..
..
114.10
..
..
..
68.00
64.62
713.45
618.20
..
..
177.54
..
..
..
89.61
85.73
..
142.53
..
..
256.72
..
123.41
..
131.11
126.72
..
..
..
..
234.09
69.93
..
233.72
96.31
100.80
..
..
..
..
211.92
74.57
..
..
..
108.11
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
ISRAEL*
40
80000
35
70000
30
60000
25
50000
20
40000
15
30000
10
20000
10000
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

70
80
60
70
Other use
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
ISRAEL
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
11.09
0.00
11.03
0.06
0.00
-0.01
-
11.18
0.00
11.00
0.19
0.00
-0.02
-
16.39
3.27
12.63
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.51
-0.06
-
26.07
9.25
16.12
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.85
-0.18
-
30.75
10.21
14.60
4.88
0.04
0.00
1.49
-0.46
-
32.73
10.58
14.69
6.29
0.03
0.00
1.61
-0.49
-
34.76
10.84
16.95
5.86
0.02
0.00
1.60
-0.52
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.33
54.87
0.80
-2.70
0.00
13.01
-
3.52
6.05
0.76
28.71
10.80
12.01
5.91
11.42
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
37
0.30
3.3
3.36
151.7
0.1
64.7
9
..
1980
47
0.24
3.9
2.87
120.4
0.0
73.4
12
..
1990
68
0.24
4.7
3.51
122.0
60.7
84.2
21
54.9
2000
121
0.22
6.3
4.14
109.3
96.8
100.6
43
97.0
2009
157
0.20
7.5
4.11
99.6
82.6
91.5
55
115.8
2010
164
0.20
7.6
4.29
101.1
81.6
93.6
59
124.9
2011e
172
0.20
7.8
4.48
102.5
79.8
..
60
127.4
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.64
4.50
-1.27
-0.94
2.07
2.47
0.25
1.02
-1.27
-0.94
49.43
1.49
1.56
0.53
5.28
5.29
..
4.20
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.03
-
0.04
-
0.04
-
0.04
-
0.04
-
0.04
-
1.79
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.30
-
0.39
-
0.43
-
0.44
-
0.43
-
0.42
-
1.79
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
ISRAEL
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
5.16
0.00
4.15
0.06
0.00
0.93
-
6.45
0.00
4.91
0.19
0.00
1.35
-
9.95
0.02
7.15
0.04
0.00
0.51
2.23
-
17.11
0.03
11.48
0.01
0.01
0.85
4.74
-
19.80
12.39
0.01
1.52
5.87
-
19.88
12.56
0.24
0.02
1.48
5.58
-
21.15
13.46
0.09
0.02
1.60
5.99
-
3.94
10.95
3.24
-2.70
0.00
5.26
-
3.84
3.22
4.07
7.20
5.88
5.05
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
1.56
0.00
1.27
0.28
-
1.73
0.00
1.30
0.43
-
2.05
0.02
1.38
0.00
0.65
-
1.94
0.03
0.63
1.28
-
2.31
0.77
1.54
-
2.28
0.74
0.24
1.29
-
2.90
1.28
0.09
1.53
-
1.63
10.95
0.50
5.00
-
1.76
-0.38
18.75
4.39
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.65
1.65
-
1.98
1.98
-
3.16
3.16
-
4.82
4.82
-
5.57
5.57
-
5.43
5.43
-
5.79
5.79
-
3.90
3.90
-
3.07
3.07
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.41
0.14
-
0.56
0.19
0.00
1.89
0.72
0.00
3.47
1.19
-
4.51
1.12
-
4.75
1.40
-
4.85
1.36
-
9.32
9.98
-
4.83
3.25
-
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
0.27
-
0.00
0.37
0.38
-
0.00
0.51
0.65
0.63
-
0.01
0.85
1.42
1.44
-
0.01
1.52
1.87
1.90
-
0.01
1.48
1.86
1.92
-
0.01
1.60
1.88
2.09
-
0.00
5.38
-
1.84
5.88
5.43
6.17
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.40
0.33
0.06
0.38
0.93
0.75
0.19
0.63
1.05
1.02
0.04
1.44
2.59
2.58
0.01
1.90
2.40
2.40
-
1.92
1.92
1.92
-
2.09
1.99
1.99
-
5.92
6.81
-3.16
6.17
3.23
3.42
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ISRAEL
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
0.0
-
0.0
-0.0
0.0
3.5
-0.2
0.0
8.6
0.6
0.0
10.2
0.0
0.0
10.5
-
0.0
10.5
0.3
55.4
-
1.8
5.7
-
Primary supply
0.0
0.0
3.3
9.2
10.2
10.6
10.8
54.9
6.1
0.0
0.1
-0.0
0.3
0.0
..
0.0
0.0
-3.4
-9.2
-10.5
-10.6
..
5.9
-3.4
-3.4
-
-9.2
-9.2
-0.0
-10.5
-10.5
-0.0
-10.6
-10.6
-0.0
..
..
..
5.9
5.8
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
..
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
Energy ind. own use
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
..
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
11.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
11.0
-
Transport(7)
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
..
..
..
..
Non-energy use
..
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

ISRAEL
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
3.72
3.70
3.70
0.02
0.02
-
10.59
10.22
10.22
0.03
0.03
-
12.12
12.69
12.69
-
12.94
12.67
12.67
-
11.85
12.31
12.31
-
12.31
12.30
12.30
-
6.17
6.19
6.19
-
0.30
0.30
0.30
-
0.39
0.46
0.27
0.18
-
0.43
0.43
0.26
0.17
-
0.43
0.43
0.43
-
0.44
0.44
0.44
-
0.43
0.43
0.43
-
1.79
1.79
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
ISRAEL
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
169.74
436.68
137.98
165.17
297.57
144.90
130.46
361.89
186.63
189.76
561.00
211.21
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
c
c
c
x
x
c
c
c
x
x
c
c
c
x
x
c
c
c
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(New Israeli sheqel / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
452.03
2146.89
635.96
481.81
1602.52
731.57
361.56
1851.54
895.18
503.72
2749.27
970.38
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
c
c
c
x
x
c
c
c
x
x
c
c
c
x
x
c
c
c
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.00
0.00
3.48
3.48
-
6.17
6.17
-
8.62
8.62
-
11.03
11.03
-
10.94
10.94
-
10.16
10.16
-
10.54
10.54
-
10.54
10.54
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ISRAEL
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
3063
3998
7090
9917
12685
11843
12310
12310
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
3063
-
3998
-
7090
-
9917
-
12685
-
11843
-
12310
-
12310
-
x
x
-
x
x
3063
x
3998
x
7090
x
9917
x
12685
2552
4079
x
2091
3121
4234
3145
x
1931
3000
5591
3337
x
1711
1671
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
ITALY*
300
200
180
250
160
140
200
120
150
100
80
100
60
40
50
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

500
350
Other use
450
300
400
250
350
300
200
250
150
200
100
150
100
50
50
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
ITALY
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
170.17
11.57
129.00
20.32
0.35
1.17
4.61
3.05
0.11
-
186.91
16.69
126.05
32.46
1.31
0.82
5.56
3.28
0.75
-
209.37
20.90
119.03
55.70
1.34
3.89
4.24
0.01
4.26
-
2000
245.03
17.94
124.08
82.75
3.22
5.43
6.08
0.09 e
5.45
-
2009
2010
2011e
235.51
18.21
96.59
91.26
10.02
6.04
6.86
1.01
5.52
-
243.20
20.24
93.21
97.20
12.48
6.28
6.82
1.55
5.43
-
235.91
21.64
88.52
91.14
13.36
5.69
7.17
2.78
5.61
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.23
3.54
-0.47
6.11
8.27
-1.00
1.97
24.13
-
0.75
-0.16
-1.22
2.82
11.79
2.43
2.40
30.42
1.22
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
891
0.19
54.8
3.11
129.8
98.5
82.0
144
65.4
1980
1144
0.16
56.4
3.31
111.1
110.7
82.9
183
80.9
1990
1452
0.14
56.7
3.69
98.1
109.3
87.8
213
90.2
2000
1701
0.14
56.9
4.30
98.0
80.1
95.3
270
104.3
2009
1734
0.14
60.2
3.91
92.4
79.7
99.3
288
82.6
2010
1765
0.14
60.5
4.02
93.7
87.1
100.7
299
87.9
2011e
1773
0.13
60.2
3.92
90.5
92.7
..
298
87.9
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.91
0.98
-1.64
-0.23
0.21
0.32
1.02
0.43
-1.64
-0.23
0.61
-1.13
0.40
0.69
2.34
1.70
1.91
-0.13
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.01
0.43
-
0.05
0.34
-
0.00
-
0.09
-
0.07
-
0.09
-
0.08
-
20.81
-1.89
-
2.90
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.01
1.20
-
0.06
0.96
-
0.01
-
0.10
-
0.07
-
0.10
-
0.09
-
20.81
-1.89
-
2.81
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
ITALY
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
137.94
5.26
99.91
17.65
15.12
-
146.04
5.45
91.71
28.18
1.06
19.63
-
164.20
5.10
87.79
43.42
1.23
0.29
0.01
26.37
-
184.05
3.83
88.99
55.11
2.25
0.30
0.02
33.54
-
189.05
3.03
86.09
53.30
3.69
0.30
0.10
38.00
4.53
179.39
1.58
79.55
52.32
5.47
0.30
0.12
35.63
4.42
185.38
2.76
77.61
55.79
7.32
0.18
0.19
36.77
4.76
1.03
-0.18
-0.76
5.44
3.33
-
0.61
-3.02
-0.61
1.26
9.31
-2.33
18.09
1.68
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
55.80
3.80
30.18
12.34
9.48
-
51.20
4.26
22.30
12.92
0.17
11.55
-
48.70
4.70
11.54
18.52
0.31
13.63
-
54.64
3.49
9.57
23.74
0.41
17.43
-
50.16
2.79
9.01
16.14
0.49
17.40
4.33
41.32
1.43
6.18
14.13
0.56
14.82
4.20
42.79
2.57
4.97
14.78
0.27
0.00
0.01
15.71
4.47
-0.80
1.25
-5.50
2.42
2.16
-
-0.65
-2.97
-4.12
-1.12
-0.79
0.71
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
27.09
0.21
26.24
0.18
34.79
0.00
33.83
0.37
46.72
45.60
0.30
56.70
55.19
0.47
58.10
54.91
0.78
55.84
52.00
0.86
55.01
50.61
0.99
3.26
3.30
3.13
0.82
0.52
6.21
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.46
38.26
1.25
28.65
5.13
0.59
41.38
1.19
22.71
11.94
0.83
37.23
0.40
13.31
16.16
1.05
39.23
0.10
8.58
21.38
1.08
1.33
38.96
0.01
5.63
22.87
1.69
1.29
40.97
0.01
5.41
24.02
2.09
1.31
44.84
0.01
4.75
26.70
3.44
-0.16
-6.45
-4.41
6.98
2.33
0.94
-19.36
-5.02
2.54
0.88
0.01
6.48
11.68
0.75
6.01
1.65
0.02
7.51
16.29
1.37
7.96
1.89
0.10
8.40
0.06
24.09
1.50
12.32
2.86
0.12
8.47
0.07
23.94
1.19
12.30
4.52
0.00
0.14
8.54
0.18
24.22
1.18
12.30
4.18
10.25
3.20
-
8.55
16.32
1.39
3.72
2.34
3.64
4.92
14.89
12.50
2.40
6.95
12.04
0.24
10.41
1.40
10.17
0.11
12.73
0.23
11.50
0.99
10.36
0.09
12.13
0.14
11.17
0.81
0.00
0.11
0.04
10.52
0.07
13.66
0.19
12.66
0.81
6.14
1.37
0.32
-
3.87
-0.43
0.07
-5.29

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.23
2.22
0.44
1.79
11.83
11.83
-
0.90 e
4.65
3.10
0.58
2.52
12.42
9.48
2.94
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ITALY
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
0.4
11.7
-0.6
0.1
0.5
17.4
-0.7
-0.4
0.4
19.8
-0.2
0.9
0.0
18.9
-0.1
-0.8
0.1
18.0
-0.3
0.4
0.1
20.7
-0.3
-0.3
0.1
22.1
-0.3
-0.3
-0.5
3.2
-6.5
-7.0
0.2
2.1
Primary supply
11.6
16.7
20.9
17.9
18.2
20.2
21.6
3.5
-0.2
0.1
0.0
0.2
-0.5
-0.5
-0.6
..
-13.2 e
-16.1 e
-16.8 e
..
7.6
0.7
-14.4
-14.4
-0.0
-14.5
-14.5
-0.0
..
..
..
11.1
10.4
-
1.2
1.8
-18.1
-4.2 e
-9.1 e
-14.7

-1.9
-1.9
-
-6.0
-4.9
-1.1
-11.4
-10.2
-1.3
Autoproducers
Gas works
-9.6
-9.6
..
0.7
0.7
0.3
0.0
..
-4.9
-3.0 e
-2.2 e
-0.8
-
-3.8 e
-2.2 e
-1.6
0.0
-3.5
-2.3
-1.2
-
-3.7 e
-2.1 e
-1.6
-
-1.7 e
-1.2 e
-0.5
-
-2.3 e
-1.6 e
-0.6
-
..
..
..
..
..
1.0
0.3
2.4
-
-2.1
-1.6
-3.3
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-1.7
-2.0
-1.2
-0.4
-0.1
-0.1
..
-1.9
-14.0
Losses
-0.5
-0.2
-0.1
-0.0
..
5.3
5.5
5.1
3.8
1.6
2.8
..
-0.2
-3.0
3.8
2.8
0.3
0.2
0.6
4.3
2.9
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.5
4.7
2.9
0.2
1.3
0.0
0.2
3.5
2.7 e
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.3
1.4
1.2 e
0.0
0.2
0.0
2.6
2.5 e
0.0
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.3
0.4
-1.0
11.3
-5.7
-3.0
-0.9
-17.4
-12.4
-11.3
Transport(7)
0.2
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
1.2
1.2
-
1.2
1.2
-
0.4
0.4
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-6.4
-6.4
-
-19.4
-19.4
-
0.2
0.1
0.2
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

ITALY
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2.51
2.07
2.02
0.05
0.01
0.31
0.03
0.01
0.20
0.07
0.07
-
12.69
10.78
10.77
0.02
0.17
1.68
0.22
0.00
1.40
0.06
0.06
-
9.91
9.90
1.27
1.20
1.20
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.03
-
2000
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
2005
2008
2009
2010
11.36
9.53
9.53
..
0.94 e
0.88
0.26 e
0.00
0.54
0.00
0.08 e
0.00
-
18.61
16.38
16.22
0.16
1.15 e
1.07
0.52 e
0.00
0.54
0.00 e
0.01
-
18.99
16.92
16.90
0.02
0.89 e
1.17
0.22 e
0.00
0.95
0.01 e
0.01
-
16.36
15.23
15.22
0.01
0.73 e
0.40
0.22 e
0.00
0.17
0.01 e
0.01
-
16.62
15.05
15.03
0.02
0.91 e
0.66
0.55 e
0.00
0.10
0.01 e
0.01
-
14.46
14.77
14.97
-8.42
15.08
19.30
-9.91
17.56
-1.12
-1.87
-
1.36
1.68
1.68
2.05
8.72
-4.57
4.82
-3.41
-12.45
-11.02
-10.80
-
8.63
8.61
-
6.66
6.38
0.23
5.63
5.06
0.22
5.93
5.65
0.22
3.59
3.39
0.14
5.15
4.92
0.18
-1.14
-1.15
-
-2.55
-2.76
-
1.09
1.06
1.06
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
-
0.03
0.00
0.00
..
0.03
0.01
0.02
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
0.01
-
-1.27
-1.07
-1.07
-0.49
-2.55
5.02
1503.17
-
-22.90
-8.17
-2.01
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
ITALY
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
41.32
62.53
63.55
67.72
98.15
90.90
65.27
98.18
101.30
c
c
c
83.45
c
c
169.04
c
c
122.09
c
c
127.81
c
c
..
c
c
70.05
69.79
63.44
..
64.94
58.84
64.88
136.94
..
122.20
57.35
60.70
127.10
122.24
135.14
43.46
53.26
161.05
155.19
c
83.23
108.96
..
278.73
273.65
163.22
199.90
..
469.07
502.82
129.51
152.00
..
346.16
433.75
127.19
185.72
..
425.43
375.67
159.34
254.80
..
570.17
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
16.03
37.56
35.79
37.13
83.32
72.34
48.62
113.24
109.53
c
c
c
58.54
c
c
95.80
c
c
74.07
c
c
81.33
c
c
..
c
c
27.01
29.04
38.11
..
36.57
32.06
38.15
116.25
..
97.25
42.46
48.50
146.59
140.99
146.12
41.51
54.90
239.64
230.93
c
58.98
83.33
..
307.72
283.23
98.28
129.90
..
440.01
442.20
82.06
103.94
..
341.72
401.42
84.53
133.21
..
440.50
364.67
100.81
173.97
..
561.99
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
12.92
2.19
10.58
0.02
0.13
19.83
10.53
9.14
0.05
0.11
18.72
10.51
7.46
0.00
0.75
18.90
10.78
7.61
0.00
0.51
23.62
16.66
6.11
0.00
0.84
23.91
17.26
6.42
0.00
0.23
18.01
14.25
3.39
0.37
0.00
-
20.73
15.10
5.36
0.25
0.00
0.02
22.12
16.07
5.93
0.10
0.00
0.03
0.70
0.70
0.20
0.20
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.00
0.12
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.24
0.27
0.27
0.30
0.00
0.30
0.27
0.00
0.27

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
ITALY
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
12526
22362
20578
18499
19027
24158
19499
22112
23472
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
10007
1347
2537
1525
3027
-
10248
1973
12
1734
839
5541
-
8648
1045
212
804
158
6236
12
7052
2002
1090
17
3868
-
7198
2463
1280
3281
-
5784
2109
637
283
2431
-
3204
733
423
1922
-
5066
1896
865
2305
-
5606
1394
906
3128
-
1036
x
x
535
112
x
x
37
15
x
131
35
11
x
64
-
174
x
-
205
x
14
105
-
x
46
80
x
-
x
104
74
2451
1437
52
-
11965
260
1150
3518
26
11797
109
507
4800
148
11433
1120
110
1
360
4681
3
11817
1141
1
912
4
-
18366
682
506
1
182
204
1
16288
306
200
1117
17040
598
460
995
17861
338
1731
724
960
x
x
2
180
6641
150
x
x
40
310
290
4884
x
609
140
-
479
148
31
3487
x
689
22
302
-
369
1759
1919
3548
x
993
56
1115
-
2997
6800
4395
x
1082
1025
445
46
2305
6555
4054
x
882
431
110
328
1762
7027
3919
x
1376
89
98
716
1798
6366
3917
x
1675
120
102
1090
68
149
133
14
12
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
ITALY
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
61.39
57.69
50.55
103.02
118.05
188.97
144.59
176.04
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
57.32
57.65
..
64.68
62.37
..
68.24
..
..
54.53
52.91
57.67
..
62.38
62.18
..
..
..
49.38
45.76
46.44
48.02
..
..
56.50
..
46.42
..
40.62
..
111.81
119.76
..
128.50
113.75
..
87.23
67.23
74.08
77.71
126.24
131.04
488.51
476.51
132.19
..
87.00
81.67
101.09
86.60
240.02
232.32
752.71
..
165.11
..
..
141.10
159.46
150.61
242.48
216.35
..
..
148.53
..
77.81
76.85
..
88.18
226.56
198.18
..
..
191.47
..
95.05
109.86
113.18
106.58
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
51.84
50.48
37.92
73.20
86.00
143.68
113.67
112.42
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
58.63
56.62
47.34
56.10
48.46
44.39
42.54
45.90
2798.99
..
51.68
54.54
51.34
53.06
49.59
44.85
45.77
37.05
..
..
35.99
47.06
31.19
40.67
36.48
37.26
36.92
..
1441.74
..
125.35
81.23
..
72.04
69.52
74.49
74.31
..
427.07
..
111.14
..
..
82.16
81.77
92.44
93.36
163.91
311.61
..
440.45
158.43
..
..
132.94
153.17
160.60
216.33
481.07
..
565.39
88.49
..
131.32
100.80
115.16
103.87
154.63
478.93
..
528.54
111.33
..
111.83
106.53
104.65
160.05
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
JAPAN*
800
180
700
160
600
140
120
500
100
400
80
300
60
200
40
100
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

180
180
160
160
140
140
120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

1200
1400
1000
1200
Other use
1000
800
800
600
600
400
400
200
200
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
JAPAN
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
457.67
82.66
355.61
7.25
3.61
8.20
0.33
-
492.18
85.08
333.83
30.57
30.75
10.85
1.11
-
627.61
109.45
357.74
63.09
7.14
75.30
10.97
2.25
1.67
-
741.38
138.37
364.59
93.79
8.38
119.90
10.72
4.43
1.21
-
674.43
144.50
286.43
115.23
9.42
104.15
9.45
3.83
1.42
-
709.78
164.22
290.02
122.88
10.21
107.31
10.10
3.52
1.54
-
654.50
154.60
294.76
142.78
9.22
37.89
10.24
3.49
1.54
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.87
1.67
0.04
13.57
19.56
1.72
11.95
-
0.62
2.05
-1.04
3.39
1.81
1.79
-0.41
2.26
-0.40
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
1911
0.24
108.9
4.20
146.6
125.4
101.1
465
55.7
1980
2412
0.20
117.1
4.20
124.9
102.3
99.1
573
65.8
1990
3794
0.17
123.6
5.08
101.3
83.6
92.0
836
96.9
2000
4267
0.17
126.9
5.84
106.4
94.0
102.9
1049
98.4
2009
4404
0.15
127.5
5.29
93.7
95.1
98.9
1043
81.7
2010
4579
0.16
127.4
5.57
94.9
104.0
101.8
1111
94.8
2011e
4544
0.14
126.9
5.16
88.2
98.6
..
1050
91.4
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
4.12
0.94
-2.15
-0.32
0.75
0.15
1.12
0.47
-2.15
-0.32
-2.35
1.09
-0.56
0.51
3.50
1.43
3.31
-0.11
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
8.72
7.23
0.02
-
6.38
-
2.20
-
-1.04
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
8.66
9.99
0.04
-
7.98
-
2.96
-
-1.85
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
JAPAN
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
334.26
34.39
244.37
4.45
51.00
0.04
331.27
36.07
223.65
8.34
63.06
0.15
428.68
46.16
262.85
21.77
3.75
0.11
1.67
92.09
0.29
493.03
38.68
299.37
33.00
3.81
0.32
1.15
115.94
0.77
456.61
40.32
245.76
46.59
3.66
0.29
0.70
118.49
0.82
449.16
36.92
246.16
46.03
3.35
0.29
0.63
114.99
0.78
463.68
40.96
244.82
49.22
3.90
0.29
0.59
123.08
0.83
1.47
1.75
0.43
9.79
3.54
12.32
0.39
-0.60
-0.35
4.16
0.20
4.81
-5.10
1.46
5.50
149.84
26.64
85.06
2.34
35.80
-
130.33
30.60
56.41
3.05
40.27
-
146.92
44.21
52.38
5.28
3.61
41.44
-
142.51
37.31
49.73
7.30
3.74
44.43
-
124.70
39.01
33.39
10.60
3.63
38.07
-
119.38
35.71
34.23
10.49
3.32
35.63
-
128.61
39.74
32.87
11.15
3.88
40.99
-
-0.12
3.02
-2.81
4.91
0.86
-
-0.66
-0.53
-2.30
3.81
0.36
-0.06
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
58.22
0.29
56.31
-
77.11
75.24
-
102.50
100.44
-
125.62
123.34
-
111.39
109.07
-
109.05
106.68
-
109.92
107.55
-
3.38
3.46
-
0.35
0.34
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.63
29.89
6.12
12.50
1.54
1.87
36.76
4.51
13.82
4.18
2.07
54.27
0.09
19.26
10.50
2.28
69.46
23.70
12.85
2.31
67.71
18.85
12.95
2.37
67.05
18.31
12.91
2.37
70.99
19.75
13.10
1.42
3.57
-21.76
2.57
11.96
0.69
1.35
0.13
1.11
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
9.73
28.86
1.28
23.29
0.55
14.26
29.06
0.97
20.36
1.08
0.14
1.61
22.62
0.04
65.73
1.28
32.77
5.56
0.07
1.12
31.68
0.04
88.38
0.87
36.67
12.58
0.03
0.67
35.16
0.05
94.92
0.75
28.11
22.53
0.03
0.61
35.14
0.04
91.25
0.75
25.98
22.19
0.03
0.56
37.50
0.04
91.67
0.73
23.86
24.46
5.09
4.96
-0.02
2.03
14.63
-7.78
-5.10
2.56
-0.07
1.68
-2.77
-1.57
7.69
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.70
0.04
52.68
52.68
-
6.51
0.15
40.61
40.61
-
0.06
0.06
25.76
0.24
49.35
0.57
48.35
0.43
0.18
0.03
37.31
0.73
59.30
0.50
58.54
0.26
0.16
0.03
42.55
0.77
52.55
0.56
51.50
0.50
0.16
0.02
41.40
0.74
57.14
0.47
56.23
0.44
0.16
0.02
41.65
0.79
57.00
0.49
56.00
0.51
12.09
11.22
-0.38
-0.50
-
4.80
-5.02
2.43
6.10
0.72
-0.75
0.74
0.84

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
JAPAN
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
25.6
59.0
-0.6
-1.3
15.6
70.0
-2.1
1.6
6.4
104.9
-1.9
0.1
2.2
139.0
-2.7
-0.2
145.2
-1.1
0.4
164.8
-0.7
0.1
155.7
-1.0
-0.1
-7.8
3.4
7.3
2.3
-5.1
Primary supply
82.7
85.1
109.5
138.4
144.5
164.2
154.6
1.7
2.0
-2.5
-1.9
2.0
-1.9
1.1
-7.2
..
-104.5 e
-111.7 e
..
2.4
3.0
-83.1
-71.5
-11.6
-88.1
-76.0
-12.0
..
..
..
4.5
3.2
-
4.5
4.9
2.7
-41.2 e
-43.4 e
-61.9 e
-94.5 e

-17.1
-17.1
-
-15.0
-11.5
-3.6
-36.3
-29.2
-7.1
-69.1
-57.5
-11.6
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
3.4
4.7
-0.6
-0.3
-27.5 e
-24.5 e
-3.0
-0.0
-33.1 e
-20.1 e
-13.1
0.1
-25.0 e
-24.7 e
-0.3
-0.0
-25.2 e
-25.6 e
0.5
-
-21.5 e
-20.5 e
-1.0
-
-23.7 e
-24.4 e
0.7
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
-0.6
0.0
-12.6
-9.7
-0.3
-0.1
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-4.4
-3.4
-3.4
-3.2
-4.2
-4.3
..
-1.5
1.2
Losses
-0.1
-0.3
..
34.4
36.1
46.2
38.7
36.9
41.0
..
1.7
-0.6
26.6
23.2 e
3.4
30.6
23.0 e
0.4
4.3
0.1
2.6
44.2
17.8 e
3.9
8.2
1.6
12.7
37.3
15.8 e
3.9
7.0
2.0
8.6
35.7
15.9 e
4.0
5.1
2.1
8.5
39.7
18.0 e
4.3
5.2
2.0
10.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
3.0
-1.5
8.1
-0.5
0.0
0.6
-2.3
1.2
-1.1
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
0.3
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
7.5
1.3
6.1
0.1
5.5
1.0
4.5
-
1.4
1.3
0.1
0.0
0.9
0.9
-
0.7
0.7
-
0.7
0.7
-
..
..
..
..
-9.5
-0.0
-21.8
-21.5
-3.1
-2.8
-
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
..
-0.7
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

JAPAN
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
11.08
8.57
8.57
0.34
0.08
0.07
2.52
0.23
0.19
0.71
0.05
1.35
0.58
-
50.03
31.05
26.54
4.52
0.11
5.89
14.83
1.54
2.42
8.12
1.90
0.86
0.67
0.02
96.11
64.88
57.37
7.52
11.46
16.13
2.58
3.57
7.20
2.32
0.46
0.92
-
120.44
92.29
83.53
8.76
11.65
16.67
3.50
3.89
6.45
2.45
0.38
0.83
-
126.72
90.25
81.21
9.04
10.55
16.24
3.31
4.04
6.31
2.46
0.12
0.80
-
111.38
86.36
77.45
8.91
9.44
14.68
2.77
3.94
5.42
2.45
0.10
0.80
-
127.69
90.04
81.12
8.93
12.52
15.28
3.19
4.14
5.43
2.41
0.12
0.78
-
13.38
11.32
9.87
-9.34
43.53
15.91
17.29
23.68
22.52
36.33
-3.72
1.32
-
4.80
5.47
5.75
3.47
3.85
0.15
3.71
2.71
-2.00
1.21
-9.55
0.71
-
58.72
55.12
4.45
0.12
0.06
0.01
0.04
0.01
-
64.93
59.33
5.25
-
57.08
45.97
10.94
-
56.53
47.80
10.44
-
57.37
46.06
9.71
-
52.33
44.04
8.63
-
57.68
45.35
11.65
-
0.84
0.61
-
-0.59
-1.33
4.06
-
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.01
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
JAPAN
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
90.58
79.83
73.11
101.84
151.02
129.99
92.27
153.70
122.57
51.42
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
71.23
72.47
82.50
..
302.48
70.53
68.03
136.92
..
320.89
62.00
61.13
132.36
205.13
381.57
45.68
45.29
163.49
219.96
351.99
81.25
104.02
255.46
342.15
312.30
167.62
220.66
566.22
689.53
..
152.90
203.29
..
426.31
439.76
151.91
186.84
..
541.35
493.61
193.02
251.65
..
708.45
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Yen / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
15.17
23.04
19.78
11.74
29.99
24.20
6.91
19.83
14.82
4.41
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
11.93
14.29
23.81
..
81.84
8.13
9.23
27.19
..
59.74
4.64
5.39
17.08
26.46
46.15
3.92
4.58
24.18
32.53
48.80
7.12
10.73
38.57
51.66
44.21
13.79
21.38
80.29
97.77
..
11.39
17.82
..
54.71
52.90
10.61
15.36
..
65.15
55.70
12.26
19.89
..
77.57
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
52.67
1.43
51.24
-
104.88
36.00
68.37
0.51
121.47
57.90
62.97
0.61
139.00
81.81
54.60
2.60
159.26
102.24
54.26
2.76
163.99
107.52
55.06
1.41
145.17
94.51
50.23
0.43
164.76
108.38
55.36
1.01
155.70
103.15
51.67
0.88
1.05
0.01
0.05
1.00
1.93
0.00
1.93
3.54
0.00
3.54
2.67
0.00
2.66
1.68
0.00
1.68
0.95
0.00
0.95
1.07
0.00
1.07
0.67
0.00
0.67
0.98
0.98

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
JAPAN
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
52858
93449
106918
127354
150340
176977
163719
185371
175377
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
50876
24149
10895
398
429
9956
11
69242
30116
17221
12829
401
64935
34505
11290
7367
225
59799
31470
8756
5217
291
57081
34757
5292
1422
367
56530
33674
2503
447
253
52334
33756
3047
376
138
57679
36681
3367
1214
164
53835
29567
5333
4590
364
420
2360
2244
x
x
14
1211
103
4586
2775
x
x
-
2802
153
668
2955
x
4950
20
4255
52
4585
2741
x
2394
38
6774
5677
603
x
2104
27
58
6574
9850
25
x
3179
25
1516
10
10654
180
x
2651
6
1544
48
11316
95
x
3231
19
515
24
11501
x
1926
15
1982
668
105
-
24207
14138
780
960
14
41983
21346
6920
4516
138
67555
33967
9448
5630
315
93259
55147
8297
2230
575
120447
68781
5069
905
512
111385
69653
6244
766
282
127692
78812
7098
2559
346
121542
80146
2604
674
-
513
157
149
x
x
390
2427
306
4091
1020
x
x
157
314
2504
94
409
2003
x
3402
150
501
5856
56
4948
2958
x
2656
1273
448
12470
8908
945
x
3300
944
443
15482
19947
51
x
7291
21
15
2043
330
4482
20
21701
367
x
6172
1684
14
4926
101
23880
200
x
8138
1591
41
3905
166
22187
702
x
9999
1158
1
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
JAPAN
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
60.72
55.03
39.46
88.80
88.43
184.13
163.82
151.45
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
55.27
71.27
x
x
66.90
54.38
59.34
50.84
50.11
57.45
51.15
64.49
x
x
61.37
49.49
48.26
48.29
49.54
54.81
39.01
45.46
x
x
52.69
37.12
37.31
32.36
39.99
43.62
96.44
106.05
..
..
159.01
100.45
x
53.51
x
114.96
96.03
112.61
..
..
516.32
100.91
x
60.43
x
105.45
206.71
234.34
..
..
308.56
256.42
..
104.80
x
250.90
191.58
220.94
x
x
241.65
138.99
120.75
97.14
x
190.54
170.10
191.97
x
x
208.24
154.71
x
96.60
x
185.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
50.97
47.85
34.59
62.73
70.92
125.42
111.12
110.40
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
52.23
48.26
x
x
53.17
47.59
x
54.97
47.95
46.54
48.87
44.20
x
x
52.65
44.48
x
43.79
48.27
43.45
34.59
34.72
190.61
x
45.49
33.69
x
31.85
35.82
30.68
61.90
63.79
..
..
x
65.65
x
59.65
80.64
66.10
71.03
66.04
..
..
553.99
73.60
100.34
66.45
77.46
72.28
127.23
125.52
..
..
151.26
124.10
x
116.08
105.49
121.34
111.87
103.84
x
x
47.12
118.18
x
112.99
87.62
101.62
111.12
107.80
x
x
84.43
112.29
118.01
108.20
107.07
106.42
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
KOREA*
400
900
350
800
300
700
600
250
500
200
400
150
300
100
200
50
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
Other use
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Coal/population
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
Coal
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
KOREA
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
30.78
11.61
19.01
0.16
-
58.87
19.26
38.07
1.29
0.24
-
132.98
36.51
71.05
3.89
1.04
19.69
0.78
0.01
-
2000
268.80
59.93
141.49
24.29
1.97
40.57
0.49
0.06 e
-
2009
2010
2011e
327.40
92.63
129.42
45.29
4.35
55.01
0.35
0.03
0.21
0.10
357.16
104.89
135.88
55.25
4.93
55.32
0.45
0.05
0.26
0.13
367.99
114.00
132.54
59.46
4.96
55.90
0.58
0.07
0.28
0.20
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
8.99
6.97
8.06
9.87
-
5.06
5.42
3.30
14.18
8.07
5.30
-2.70
15.63
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
82
0.38
34.1
0.90
106.2
170.0
37.2
15
..
1980
142
0.41
38.1
1.54
116.3
161.4
54.3
37
10.5
1990
360
0.37
42.9
3.10
103.9
121.0
61.9
105
31.7
2000
678
0.40
47.0
5.72
111.5
105.5
91.6
289
74.3
2009
959
0.34
48.7
6.72
96.1
115.4
100.0
452
119.7
2010
1018
0.35
48.9
7.31
98.8
123.0
104.3
497
139.2
2011e
1055
0.35
48.9
7.52
98.2
129.0
..
516
148.8
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
9.13
5.33
-0.13
-0.25
1.35
0.66
7.53
4.38
-0.13
-0.25
-1.98
0.09
3.05
2.65
12.23
8.06
..
7.68
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
11.35
-
10.82
-
5.20
-
1.80
-
1.66
-
1.37
-
1.37
-
-0.39
-
-9.82
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
18.05
-
17.22
-
8.30
-
2.83
-
2.52
-
2.08
-
2.08
-
-0.39
-
-10.02
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
KOREA
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
24.98
9.26
14.14
1.58
-
44.70
13.92
26.76
4.02
-
92.72
16.74
62.37
0.96
1.04
0.01
11.60
-
181.58
12.96
114.11
15.61
1.82
0.06
32.33
4.70
209.83
14.26
111.10
25.11
3.47
0.02
0.04
49.09
6.74
211.17
11.69
113.85
25.88
3.49
0.03
0.04
49.84
6.34
224.91
13.63
116.95
29.09
3.76
0.05
0.04
55.21
6.19
8.02
3.54
9.12
12.46
-
4.53
-1.02
3.19
18.59
6.63
5.54
8.11
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
9.17
0.56
7.52
1.09
-
14.73
1.92
10.01
2.79
-
27.52
4.36
15.55
0.10
0.41
7.10
-
54.96
12.15
15.68
4.11
1.51
18.48
3.04
60.75
12.12
9.23
7.81
2.70
0.00
0.00
24.61
4.28
57.08
9.87
8.33
8.05
2.49
0.00
0.00
24.49
3.86
63.94
11.83
8.43
9.81
2.49
0.00
0.00
28.03
3.34
6.68
12.88
4.36
11.67
-
4.31
5.12
-3.01
25.52
9.49
7.11
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.57
0.02
3.54
-
6.83
0.00
6.78
-
20.82
20.69
-
37.52
37.27
-
41.19
39.68
1.02
41.82
39.96
1.28
42.73
40.57
1.46
10.93
10.95
-
3.66
3.42
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.02
8.85
8.55 e
0.10
-
0.05
13.23
11.85 e
0.72
-
0.12
18.49
12.34 e
2.74
0.66 e
0.25
21.48
0.81 e
5.54
8.90
0.21
0.27
26.85
1.50
4.50
11.76
0.31
0.27
26.63
1.28
4.19
11.81
0.43
0.27
28.37
1.22
4.26
12.77
12.93
4.43
2.18
21.34
-
3.94
2.16
-10.92
2.24
15.93
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.19
1.27
0.14
0.86
-
0.65
3.64
0.14 e
3.00
-
0.56
0.01
2.18
12.42
0.04 e
10.09
0.19 e
0.09
0.05
4.56
1.53
24.59
13.25
2.58
0.04
0.00
0.03
6.91
2.10
26.42
4.73
4.50
0.03
0.00
0.03
7.09
2.20
27.44
4.85
4.75
0.05
0.00
0.03
7.53
2.51
29.29
4.93
5.04
15.43
14.33
-7.29
15.56
-
-11.47
6.26
6.40
4.38
-3.52
17.68
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.27
1.62
1.62
-
0.50
4.37
4.37
-
0.07
0.01
2.01
9.61
9.61
-
0.22
0.01
8.39
0.14
35.76
35.76
-
0.52
0.02
0.01
16.28
0.37
49.68
0.63
49.04
-
0.65
0.03
0.01
16.88
0.28
52.87
0.54
52.33
-
0.79
0.04
0.01
18.15
0.34
54.80
0.58
54.22
-
12.47
11.04
11.04
-
12.55
4.22
11.62
9.10
9.04
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
KOREA
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
1973
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
11.7
5.0 e
2.6 e
10.8
22.5 e
3.2
5.2
55.9 e
-1.2
1.7
89.9
1.1
1.4
104.2
-0.7
1.4
113.5
-0.9
0.8
23.2
-
-9.8
8.0
-
7.0
5.4
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
9.5
0.6
-0.2
1.6
Primary supply
11.6
19.3
36.5
59.9
92.6
104.9
114.0
-0.0
-0.4
1.2
4.1
3.3
-0.8
..
-18.8 e
-48.0 e
-81.6 e
-87.1 e
..
13.5
8.0
-38.7
-34.9
-3.7
-71.1
-64.8
-6.2
-74.7
-67.1
-7.6
..
..
..
18.5
16.4
25.9
11.5
13.2
4.9
-2.2 e
-3.5 e

-0.5 e
-0.4
-0.1 e
-1.2 e
-1.2
-0.0 e
Autoproducers
Gas works
-1.7 e
-0.2 e
-0.0 e
-1.5 e
-2.3 e
-1.4 e
-0.2 e
-0.7 e
Energy ind. own use
-0.1 e
-1.4 e
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
-9.4 e
-7.8
-0.6
-0.9 e
-10.6 e
-8.4 e
-2.2
-
-12.4 e
-11.0 e
-1.4
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
11.1
21.7
28.5
7.0
0.9
4.1
4.6
-
..
-2.1
-3.0
-2.6
-3.4
..
17.8
2.4
..
13.9
16.7
13.0
11.7
13.6
..
3.5
-1.0
4.4
0.7
0.1
2.9
0.0
0.7
12.1
3.7
0.2
4.4
3.9
11.8
6.2 e
0.1
3.8
0.0
1.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
12.9
1.4
-
5.1
11.5
4.2
1.3
14.3
4.7
1.9
1.3 e
0.7
-
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
8.7
0.1
8.6 e
-
Non-energy use
-10.3 e
-4.9
-0.6
-4.8 e
9.3
0.6
0.6 e
-
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
-8.5
-5.6
-2.9
12.0
0.1 e
11.9 e
-
12.4
0.0 e
12.3 e
-
9.9
4.9 e
0.0
3.7
0.0
1.1
-
..
0.8
0.8 e
-
1.3
1.3
-
1.2
1.2
-
..
..
..
..
2.1
-7.3
2.2
-
-10.9
-10.9
-
0.5
0.6
..

IEA/OECD, 2012

KOREA
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
19.88
0.52
0.52
18.29 e
0.84
0.68
0.16
0.22
-
33.04
7.71
7.71
20.70
4.59
0.17
0.08
3.53
0.00
0.80
0.05
-
52.38
39.01
39.01
2.41
11.02
0.73
0.27
5.31
4.71
-
61.39
52.72
50.21
2.51
2.01
7.03
1.19
0.13
4.75
0.04
0.91
-
78.89
68.65
65.77
2.88
2.29
8.24
1.58
0.13
5.18
0.04
1.31
-
85.68
77.68
74.10
3.58
1.94
6.60
1.16
0.02
4.40
0.04
0.97
-
92.84
83.17
78.81
4.36
1.86
7.23
1.37
0.17
4.50
0.04
1.15
-
2.01
2.01
-
11.74
11.74
-
19.42
16.38
3.03
-
20.88
15.40
5.48
-
23.84
16.84
6.66 e
0.33
0.33 e
- e
-
21.18
14.80
6.12 e
0.26
0.26 e
- e
-
27.21
19.52
7.55 e
0.15
0.15 e
- e
-
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
4.32
25.23
25.23
1.04
15.15
-10.91
29.42
-12.19
-
5.30
12.63
12.33
-11.35
2.30
10.97
4.04
1.22
14.11
1.79
-
15.84
15.84
-
4.29
2.58
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
KOREA
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
99.47
..
..
110.35
..
..
209.68
..
58.44
..
285.40
96.49
..
525.46
87.54
..
352.07
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
61.03
..
99.47
..
..
56.01
..
110.35
..
..
58.36
..
209.68
216.62
..
66.77
116.53
330.54
326.78
305.16
124.80
247.02
526.36
549.77
388.52
94.12
169.43
365.32
400.04
372.93
..
..
475.63
510.18
474.66
..
..
644.49
706.19
544.63
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Korean wons / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
92.59
..
..
111.92
..
..
311.68
..
56.43
..
375.83
100.15
..
743.73
105.23
..
577.12
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
40.74
..
92.59
..
..
40.74
..
111.92
..
..
62.21
..
311.68
322.00
..
64.48
112.53
445.09
440.03
401.85
129.54
256.40
761.81
795.69
549.91
113.14
203.67
612.35
670.55
611.32
..
..
722.52
774.99
705.13
..
..
938.67
1028.53
775.73
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
2.20 e
0.15 e
1.95 e
0.10
22.46 e
10.73 e
11.13 e
0.60
-
40.22 e
22.45 e
16.17
1.59
-
55.91 e
33.82 e
18.42
3.67
-
67.04
45.24
19.45
2.04
0.32
87.87
61.69
23.22
2.26
0.70
89.89
67.17
19.92
2.54
0.26
104.21
72.79
27.15
3.64
0.63
113.51
79.01
31.08
3.01
0.41
0.00
0.00

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
KOREA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
2169
17131
23729 e
45831 e
64895 e
76758
102982
118591
129150
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
2009
1150
409
450
-
8125
3625
2100
1900
-
11287
5053
2026
2908
-
17151
8410
4251
2324
7
19575
10641
4097
1419
-
20627
11664
4315
901
-
20659
12577
4371
1642
-
28160
16445
4944
3238
-
32234
16281
6560
5213
-
x
x
-
500
x
x
-
3258
x
489
-
1313
x
725
31
-
1936
44
x
1553
-
1922
x
2258
-
160
-
9006
5100
1469
1020
-
e
e
56131
19207
4
365
56
82323
30353
3306
200
1
90431
26512
4980
66
-
96916
28470
7944
854
-
x
x
160
1417
x
x
-
21281 e
5277 e
2503 e
x
2197 e
135 e
33
17580
15382
x
3018
358
161
8353
33245
620
x
3994
1839
412
5356
40126
2346
x
7004
1863
2178
3254
306
40284
3030
x
10475
1657
642
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
e
e
e
100 e
x
1200
12442
3506
1250
1235
-
e
e
e
1000 e
397 e
5054 e
x
-
e
e
e
e
e
1072 e
44 e
696 e
x
347 e
28680
9464
2156
1
2150
4
e
e
e
e
e
e
7209 e
3375 e
3535 e
x
533 e
223 e
30 e
-
e
e
e
2781 e
209 e
x
394 e
34 e
45320
12019
1647
166
62
e
e
e

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
KOREA
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
..
42.41
110.75
105.43
198.33
135.92
181.64
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
40.71
44.36
..
..
55.50
39.97
..
33.76
..
41.71
106.89
106.32
..
..
138.42
121.09
..
..
..
124.34
103.16
109.12
..
..
123.05
107.69
..
..
..
102.14
212.42
225.52
..
..
301.67
275.89
..
266.61
..
280.59
158.33
168.02
..
..
175.06
161.91
..
279.45
..
121.84
178.96
182.70
..
..
193.11
198.24
170.02
256.09
..
168.55
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
28.67
55.76
61.19
88.66
79.76
86.26
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
32.70
32.59
..
..
23.75
28.72
..
25.90
32.05
28.59
58.85
95.90
..
..
31.96
59.44
..
46.50
..
58.14
60.28
67.51
..
..
29.67
69.56
..
53.97
71.15
71.32
93.33
83.70
..
..
95.92
113.59
..
78.62
76.36
116.34
91.04
80.70
..
..
47.11
106.18
..
68.47
104.72
89.02
98.63
87.56
..
..
45.66
102.71
93.74
74.17
96.98
94.94
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
LUXEMBOURG*
120
100
80
4
60
3
40
20
1
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

4.5
4.5
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
05
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

4.0
18
3.5
16
Other use
14
3.0
12
2.5
10
2.0
1.5
0.5
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
1.0
LUXEMBOURG
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
6.33
3.48
2.29
0.31
0.01
0.25
-
5.08
2.61
1.48
0.61
0.03
0.01
0.35
-
4.87
1.62
2.12
0.61
0.03
0.01
0.48
-
4.75
0.18
2.82
0.96
0.07
0.02
0.00
0.70
-
5.65
0.11
3.31
1.59
0.19
0.01
0.01
0.42
-
6.04
0.11
3.48
1.71
0.22
0.01
0.01
0.50
-
5.93
0.09
3.58
1.47
0.21
0.01
0.01
0.55
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
-1.53
-4.40
-0.45
4.05
2.37
3.95
-
1.08
-12.68
2.52
5.26
10.06
2.19
0.17
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
11
0.58
0.4
18.04
347.8
9535.6
166.0
1
53.4
1980
12
0.43
0.4
13.97
256.4
6558.3
183.8
1
46.4
1990
19
0.25
0.4
12.75
151.5
2511.6
131.5
1
66.5
2000
32
0.15
0.4
10.89
90.4
170.9
112.0
0
83.7
2009
40
0.14
0.5
11.36
84.3
80.9
93.0
3
80.5
2010
41
0.15
0.5
11.94
87.9
78.0
97.9
3
89.5
2011e
42
0.14
0.5
11.51
84.9
67.7
..
3
86.5
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.40
3.87
-4.77
-2.69
0.50
1.42
-2.02
-0.33
-4.77
-2.69
-7.55
-15.93
-1.36
-1.47
-4.62
8.57
1.30
1.50
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat

IEA/OECD, 2012
LUXEMBOURG
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
4.10
1.40
2.09
0.25
0.36
-
3.87
1.49
1.44
0.51
0.44
-
4.00
0.78
2.11
0.60
0.51
-
4.61
0.18
2.81
0.86
0.03
0.71
0.01
5.62
0.12
3.55
0.94
0.16
0.00
0.81
0.03
5.22
0.11
3.31
0.88
0.14
0.00
0.75
0.03
5.56
0.11
3.48
0.97
0.15
0.00
0.81
0.04
-0.15
-3.36
0.05
5.21
1.99
-
1.66
-9.44
2.53
2.41
2.35
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
2.94
1.35
1.10
0.20
0.29
-
2.34
1.45
0.24
0.35
0.30
-
1.91
0.77
0.39
0.40
0.35
-
1.04
0.18
0.06
0.40
0.01
0.40
-
1.08
0.12
0.02
0.43
0.06
0.44
-
0.93
0.11
0.01
0.39
0.05
0.38
-
1.08
0.11
0.02
0.46
0.06
0.44
-
-2.52
-3.22
-5.94
4.17
1.02
-
-2.79
-9.42
-13.79
0.68
1.19
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.33
0.33
-
0.62
0.61
-
1.26
1.25
-
2.30
2.29
-
3.21
3.13
-
2.96
2.88
-
3.12
3.05
-
8.12
8.16
-
4.65
4.56
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
0.73
0.05
0.60
0.05
0.01
0.76
0.03
0.51
0.16
0.01
0.71
0.01
0.43
0.20
0.01
0.67
0.00
0.32
0.22
0.06
0.01
0.73
0.00
0.32
0.29
0.06
0.01
0.74
0.00
0.32
0.28
0.06
0.01
0.69
0.00
0.27
0.28
3.05
-0.10
-9.72
-1.86
8.04
3.98
-0.14
-11.85
-2.32
1.68
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.03
-
0.06
0.06
-
0.07
0.08
-
0.02
0.10
0.54
0.09
0.24
0.02
0.00
0.10
0.55
0.04
0.22
0.02
0.00
0.11
0.53
0.04
0.21
0.03
0.00
0.11
0.59
0.09
0.23
5.87
-
2.41
10.68
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.04
0.04
-
0.06
0.06
0.06
-
0.08
0.03
0.03
-
0.00
0.20
0.01
0.02
0.02
-
0.00
0.26
0.03
0.02
0.02
-
0.00
0.24
0.03
0.02
0.02
-
0.00
0.24
0.04
0.02
0.02
-
-1.93
-1.93
-
5.78
-1.17
-1.17
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
LUXEMBOURG
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
3.5
-0.0
2.6
-0.0
1.6
-
0.2
-
0.1
-
0.1
-
0.1
..
-4.4
-
-12.7
-
Primary supply
3.5
2.6
1.6
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
-4.4
-12.7
0.0
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-1.9 e
-1.1 e
-0.8
..
-5.1

-0.4
-0.4
-
-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
..
..
..
-3.7
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
-1.5 e
-1.5 e
-
-0.8 e
-0.8 e
-
Energy ind. own use
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
..
-0.6
-0.6
-
..
..
..
..
..
-5.5
-5.5
-
..
..
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
..
1.4
1.5
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.1
..
-3.4
-9.4
1.3
1.3
0.0
1.5
1.3 e
0.1
-
0.8
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-3.2
-4.5
-8.1
-9.4
-14.8
-3.6
0.0
..
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-9.7
-9.7
-
-11.8
-11.8
-
..

IEA/OECD, 2012

LUXEMBOURG
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.01
-
0.20
0.20
0.04
0.16
0.00
-
0.17
0.17
0.04
0.13
-
0.12
0.12
0.03
0.09
-
0.12
0.12
0.04
0.07
0.00
-
0.10
0.10
0.03
0.08
-
0.10
0.10
0.03
0.08
-
-7.48
-7.45
-19.27
-12.55
-
-3.24
-3.21
-1.88
-3.59
-
0.02
0.02
0.02
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
LUXEMBOURG
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
..
..
..
..
x
94.73
..
..
..
x
x
108.68
..
..
x
x
130.60
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
340.46
..
x
x
..
361.19
..
x
x
..
349.74
..
x
x
..
452.54
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
..
..
..
..
x
108.26
..
..
..
x
x
109.52
..
..
x
x
195.34
..
..
x
x
..
..
..
x
x
..
299.41
..
x
x
..
334.27
..
x
x
..
339.50
..
x
x
..
418.17
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
2.80
0.48
0.01
2.31
1.62
0.20
1.42
0.73
0.22
0.52
0.18
0.17
0.01
0.13
0.12
0.01
0.12
0.11
0.01
0.11
0.10
0.01
0.11
0.10
0.01
0.09
0.09
0.01

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
LUXEMBOURG
(2)
Total coal
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
512
199
197
217
172
122
104
102
89
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
495
299
12
1
6
199
52
33
32
197
-
217
-
172
-
122
-
104
-
102
-
89
1
15
125
x
x
52
72
10
x
x
-
138
x
59
107
x
110
125
x
47
76
x
46
77
x
27
76
x
26
73
x
-
17
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
MEXICO*
300
350
250
300
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

16
16
14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

450
300
Other use
400
250
350
300
200
250
150
200
150
100
100
50
50
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
MEXICO
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
75.10
2.62
46.39
14.99
8.87
1.99
0.20
0.04
-
135.88
3.38
92.07
27.33
9.82
2.07
1.12
0.08
-
174.99
4.95
114.66
33.03
12.22
1.09
2.88
6.29
0.03
-0.17
-
207.32
9.78
128.90
41.32
12.77
3.06
4.07
7.25
0.07
0.11
-
249.49
11.07
141.48
69.30
11.98
3.91
3.28
8.28
0.31
-0.11
-
254.45
12.33
138.99
76.09
11.95
2.19
4.56
8.13
0.32
-0.12
-
267.10
13.56
144.18
80.88
12.04
3.76
4.40
7.99
0.37
-0.09
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
5.10
3.81
5.47
4.76
1.90
2.21
22.57
x
-
1.89
4.67
0.97
4.26
-0.11
3.53
2.32
1.29
13.65
-1.80
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
296
0.25
53.3
1.41
88.3
52.3
48.2
37
..
1980
458
0.30
65.7
2.07
103.3
43.6
56.4
67
56.4
1990
548
0.32
81.3
2.15
111.2
53.4
82.7
116
67.1
2000
771
0.27
98.3
2.11
93.6
74.9
95.2
204
99.7
2009
872
0.29
107.4
2.32
99.6
75.0
104.3
261
99.5
2010
920
0.28
108.3
2.35
96.3
79.1
102.1
271
105.6
2011e
956
0.28
109.1
2.45
97.2
83.7
..
272
109.6
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.68
2.63
1.37
-0.72
2.51
1.45
2.52
0.44
1.37
-0.72
0.12
1.99
3.23
1.06
6.93
4.34
..
2.29
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
2.47
-
2.37
2.46
-
1.77
5.96
-
1.44
6.71
-
1.44
5.80
-
1.27
5.64
-
2.05
6.50
-
-0.34
-
-3.07
4.23
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
3.09
-
2.96
3.97
-
2.21
9.13
-
1.79
8.96
-
1.79
8.76
-
1.59
8.52
-
2.56
9.82
-
-0.34
-
-3.07
3.89
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
MEXICO
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
56.77
1.96
31.69
10.38
8.87
3.88
-
94.17
2.29
56.70
18.34
9.82
7.02
-
120.16
2.22
73.16
20.23
12.22
0.02
12.31
-
140.24
1.97
88.09
18.50
11.69
0.06
19.93
-
164.19
1.81
108.60
17.86
10.88
0.19
24.85
-
157.28
1.55
103.58
16.86
10.36
0.23
24.71
-
162.07
2.32
105.51
18.20
10.33
0.17
25.54
-
4.51
0.75
5.04
4.00
1.90
7.03
-
1.51
0.22
1.85
-0.53
-0.84
10.02
3.72
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
20.16
1.96
5.00
9.09
1.89
2.22
-
31.75
2.29
8.61
14.93
2.20
3.71
-
37.63
2.19
10.64
15.46
2.79
0.00
6.56
-
39.71
1.97
10.68
12.86
1.97
0.00
12.23
-
39.82
1.81
9.91
12.34
1.94
0.01
13.82
-
36.91
1.55
8.83
11.78
1.47
0.01
13.27
-
39.16
2.32
8.35
12.88
1.46
0.01
14.14
-
3.74
0.66
4.54
3.17
2.30
6.57
-
0.20
0.30
-1.20
-0.91
-3.17
9.98
3.92
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
17.72
17.68
-
32.57
32.52
-
40.76
40.66
-
51.66
51.51
0.01
74.03
73.88
0.02
72.11
71.95
0.02
74.07
73.90
0.02
5.02
5.02
-
3.03
3.03
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.04
12.27
3.68
0.56
0.05
15.94
6.42
0.67
0.10
22.50
9.39
1.16
0.14
25.85
10.91
0.74
0.14
25.53
9.60
1.05
0.14
25.27
9.21
0.99
0.15
25.49
9.41
1.05
4.91
3.63
5.67
4.40
1.98
0.63
0.01
-0.47
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
6.98
1.06
1.00
1.00
-
7.62
1.23
2.80
1.84
-
9.43
0.01
2.51
2.12
0.77
-
9.72
0.04
4.44
4.90
2.47
0.24
8.94
0.11
5.83
5.08
2.14
0.31
8.89
0.13
6.05
5.09
2.08
0.29
8.86
0.10
6.07
5.11
2.15
0.33
1.79
5.17
4.48
-1.54
-
-0.31
10.02
4.52
4.50
5.26
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.36
2.63
0.73
0.97
7.12
4.39
2.73
0.01
1.34
12.97
0.03
9.32
3.61
0.02
2.16
14.07
9.43
4.64
0.07
2.56
13.32
9.17
4.15
0.09
2.63
11.29
7.51
3.78
0.06
2.56
11.66
7.73
3.93
8.27
7.73
9.89
10.02
3.31
-0.53
-0.93
0.43

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
MEXICO
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
2.2
0.4
0.1
2.5
0.9
-0.1
0.1
4.8
0.3
-0.0
-0.2
7.7
2.4
-0.0
-0.4
7.2
4.2
-0.0
-0.4
6.9
5.7
-0.0
-0.2
8.6
5.5
-0.0
-0.5
4.8
-0.9
-
1.8
15.2
-2.7
Primary supply
2.6
3.4
5.0
9.8
11.1
12.3
13.6
3.8
4.7
-0.1
-0.2
0.1
-0.2
1.3
1.5
..
-0.5
-0.9
-2.8
-7.6
-10.7
-11.4
..
10.3
7.4

-0.1
-0.1
-
-2.6
-2.6
-
-6.8
-6.2
-0.5
-10.2
-10.1
-0.1
-11.0
-10.8
-0.2
..
..
..
23.5
23.5
-
7.5
7.4
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
..
-0.4
-0.4
-
-0.9
-0.9
-
-0.2
-0.2
-
-0.8
-0.6
-0.2
-
-0.5
-0.2
-0.3
-
-0.4
-0.2
-0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
-6.0
-6.0
-
4.5
-0.7
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
..
-1.6
4.3
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
..
2.0
2.3
2.2
2.0
1.6
2.3
..
0.7
0.2
2.0
2.0
-
2.3
2.3
-
2.2
1.9
0.0
0.2
2.0
1.7 e
0.0
0.2
1.6
1.4
0.1
0.1
2.3
2.1
0.1
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
-0.1
-
0.3
0.5
7.5
-6.4
Transport(7)
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
..
..
..
..
Non-energy use
0.0
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

MEXICO
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
3.97
3.97
3.97
-
11.36
9.57
9.57
1.79
-
16.88
14.92
14.92
1.77
0.19
0.19
-
12.99
10.84
10.84
1.85
0.31
0.25
0.06
-
14.46
13.68
13.68
0.54
0.24
0.21
0.03
-
16.47
14.69
14.69
1.53
0.25
0.22
0.03
-
7.37
6.76
6.76
-
4.05
3.97
-
2.91
2.89
-
0.93
0.93
-
0.68
0.68
-
1.01
1.01
-
1.90
1.90
-
1.17
1.17
-
-2.72
-2.61
-
-4.46
-4.42
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
MEXICO
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
7.91
10.62
48.20
38.05
68.39
39.17
38.46
47.89
48.69
86.20
116.69
62.69
122.84
282.94
80.19
306.50
328.91
78.20
209.10
154.07
83.49
284.68
181.24
85.90
371.33
170.31
x
..
7.91
..
10.53
x
..
38.05
..
68.39
x
..
43.48
..
47.89
x
..
86.29
..
116.69
x
..
124.96
..
277.77
x
..
296.70
..
336.89
x
..
209.12
..
..
x
..
284.20
..
..
x
..
372.95
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Mexican pesos / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
0.00
0.00
0.09
0.16
0.25
0.16
0.36
0.40
0.30
1.18
1.42
0.45
1.94
3.96
0.58
4.95
4.72
0.69
4.09
2.68
0.69
5.21
2.94
0.70
6.68
2.72
x
..
0.00
..
0.00
x
..
0.16
..
0.25
x
..
0.40
..
0.40
x
..
1.18
..
1.42
x
..
1.97
..
3.89
x
..
4.79
..
4.83
x
..
4.09
..
..
x
..
5.20
..
..
x
..
6.71
..
..
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.64
0.56
0.08
0.34
0.22
0.11
1.05
0.66
0.00
0.40
2.43
1.44
0.42
0.00
0.57
5.89
1.42
4.11
0.00
0.35
3.59
1.49
1.79
0.00
0.31
4.24
0.43
3.61
0.00
0.19
5.67
1.23
4.08
0.00
0.35
5.55
1.28
3.96
0.00
0.30
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
MEXICO
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
570
590
228
820
2436
7265
6004
7701
7585
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
570
470
-
590
195
303
-
228
122
6
-
x
x
100
x
x
92
x
100
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
818
818
-
2432
1074
538
697
-
7262
5326
579
1021
222
6000
3744
190
994
-
7697
2826
636
1855
-
7582
3376
310
2238
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
1
x
66
56
-
3
111
x
-
2
192
63
815
x
-
3
1102
1275
x
-
443
84
1131
x
-
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NETHERLANDS*
140
250
120
200
100
150
80
60
100
40
50
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
30
12
25
10
20
8
15
6
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

200
140
Other use
180
120
160
100
140
120
80
100
60
80
40
60
40
20
20
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
NETHERLANDS
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
88.57
4.10
43.52
40.71
0.41
-0.17
-
91.95
5.42
41.22
43.46
0.32
1.56
-0.04
-
93.84
12.76
33.25
44.00
1.36
1.30
0.01
0.01
1.13
-
104.60
11.21
36.99
49.98
2.47
1.46
0.02
0.15
2.32
-
111.68
10.66
43.33
49.94
4.94
1.57
0.01
0.00
0.62
0.60
-
119.18
10.86
44.98
55.99
4.95
1.48
0.01
0.01
0.55
0.34
-
110.79
10.74
42.66
48.85
5.16
1.54
0.01
0.01
0.69
1.12
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.34
6.91
-1.57
0.46
7.00
x
-
1.20
-0.81
1.52
1.21
6.67
0.63
1.06
22.29
-5.82
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
292
0.30
13.4
6.59
171.8
76.4
92.7
53
65.7
1980
351
0.26
14.1
6.50
148.4
84.1
99.9
65
73.3
1990
438
0.21
14.9
6.28
121.5
159.0
102.6
72
77.9
2000
598
0.17
15.9
6.57
99.2
102.3
99.9
90
95.2
2009
674
0.17
16.5
6.76
94.0
86.3
94.3
114
97.6
2010
685
0.17
16.6
7.17
98.6
86.4
95.3
118
104.5
2011e
693
0.16
16.7
6.62
90.6
84.5
..
113
103.7
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.41
2.26
-2.02
-1.04
0.63
0.53
-0.29
0.67
-2.02
-1.04
4.40
-3.00
0.60
-0.37
1.86
2.51
1.01
1.48
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat

IEA/OECD, 2012
NETHERLANDS

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
68.07
1.55
33.52
27.56
5.45
-
77.59
1.11
34.79
34.64
7.05
-
70.20
1.97
25.82
32.40
0.54
0.00
9.03
0.44
80.99
1.30
29.70
33.34
0.50
0.02
12.01
4.13
89.82
1.36
39.63
30.82
1.15
0.00
0.03
13.41
3.42
85.86
1.09
37.68
30.05
1.29
0.00
0.03
12.77
2.94
92.53
1.15
39.56
34.57
1.07
0.01
0.03
13.13
3.01
0.18
1.44
-1.52
0.96
3.02
-
1.39
-2.64
2.16
0.32
3.51
12.99
1.89
10.12
19.30
1.09
3.79
11.63
2.79
-
17.59
0.99
3.63
9.52
3.45
-
16.15
1.58
1.12
9.30
0.06
4.08
-
19.74
0.87
2.29
8.95
0.09
5.01
2.53
19.84
0.83
4.06
7.54
0.19
5.18
2.04
16.93
0.79
3.19
6.83
0.18
4.46
1.48
18.75
0.76
3.95
7.51
0.15
4.80
1.58
-1.04
2.21
-6.90
-1.31
2.26
-
0.75
-3.62
6.49
-1.07
4.85
0.81
-
9.33
9.22
-
10.85
10.73
-
12.70
12.54
-
15.67
15.47
-
17.30
16.69
0.00
16.43
15.68
0.01
16.47
15.91
0.02
1.83
1.82
-
1.31
1.20
-
0.11
18.66
0.34
6.77
10.21
0.12
20.25
0.07
2.01
16.31
0.16
14.21
0.03
0.35
11.23
0.20
14.71
0.01
0.08
11.38
0.41
0.20
14.09
0.01
0.09
10.15
0.53
0.20
14.56
0.01
0.09
10.66
0.33
0.21
16.45
0.01
0.15
12.34
2.09
-1.59
-12.77
-16.03
0.56
1.54
0.73
-6.85
-4.06
0.47
1.35
2.74
1.53
-
1.86
2.52
1.07
0.04
0.42
0.00
2.03
0.15
8.25
0.04
0.90
4.65
0.33
0.01
2.68
0.21
10.32
0.03
0.41
5.31
0.42
0.03
3.05
0.34
13.46
0.01
0.81
7.74
0.43
0.03
2.97
0.38
12.76
0.00
0.60
7.07
0.43
0.03
3.03
0.46
13.85
0.00
0.56
8.23
2.44
6.71
-3.07
-
0.07
18.31
2.04
5.67
2.62
-13.49
-2.38
2.89
1.20
10.80
10.80
-
1.41
18.81
16.32
2.49
0.05
0.00
2.47
0.13
14.03
0.32
10.47
3.25
0.07
0.00
3.61
0.88
15.01
0.39
10.72
3.91
0.06
0.00
4.02
0.82
20.57
0.51
17.22
2.85
0.06
0.00
4.15
0.88
20.44
0.29
17.33
2.83
0.07
0.00
4.21
0.78
22.12
0.39
18.46
3.27
4.34
1.55
-0.19
-
1.12
4.45
2.70
9.37
2.30
1.03
2.88
0.03
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
NETHERLANDS
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1.6
4.2
-2.0
0.3
7.3
-2.0
0.1
16.8
-3.3
-0.7
20.1
-8.7
-0.2
17.5
-4.2
-2.6
18.3
-5.1
-2.3
21.6
-4.9
-6.0
8.5
2.9
0.4
2.3
Primary supply
4.1
5.4
12.8
11.2
10.7
10.9
10.7
6.9
-0.8
0.1
0.1
-0.6
-0.0
-0.0
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-1.8 e
-4.1
-9.9 e
-9.7 e
-9.4 e
-9.4
..
10.7
-0.2

-1.1
-1.1
-
-2.6
-2.4
-0.2
-8.3
-8.2
-0.1
-7.9
-7.9
-0.0
-7.7
-7.7
-0.0
-7.5
-7.5
-0.0
..
..
..
12.5
12.4
-
-0.5
-0.4
-9.4
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
-0.6 e
-0.8 e
0.2
0.0
-1.6
-1.2
-0.4
-
-1.6 e
-1.5 e
-0.1
-
-1.7 e
-1.6 e
-0.2
-
-1.6 e
-1.4 e
-0.2
-
..
-1.9
-1.7
-0.2
-
..
..
..
..
..
5.4
3.3
-
1.0
0.8
3.0
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.9
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
-0.2
-0.3
..
-5.5
-1.3
Losses
-0.1
..
1.5
1.1
2.0
1.3
1.1
1.2
..
1.4
-2.6
1.1
0.7
0.2
0.0
0.1
1.0
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.6
0.9 e
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.2 e
0.9
0.7 e
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.8
0.7 e
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
2.2
1.6
2.8
10.5
1.2
-3.6
-1.6
-3.9
-6.5
..
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-10.1
-12.8
-18.0
-9.5
-13.5
-6.9
-
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
..
1.0
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

NETHERLANDS
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1.85
1.70
1.59
0.11
0.01 e
0.06
0.05
0.01
0.09
-
9.64
8.72
8.69
0.03
0.48
0.36
0.03
0.00
0.09
0.06
0.01
8.69
8.59
8.59
0.07
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.03
-
8.33
8.27
8.27
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.03
-
8.27
8.22
8.22
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.01
-
8.45
8.41
8.41
0.04
0.04
0.01
-
7.92
7.88
7.88
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.01
-
14.74
14.59
15.21
-9.75
19.17
17.55
22.79
-3.15
-
-0.98
-0.51
-0.49
-12.06
-16.04
-4.69
-9.87
-
2.95
3.28
-
4.39
3.85
0.62 e
0.06
0.06 e
- e
-
4.05
3.01
0.98 e
0.06
0.06 e
- e
0.01
4.68
3.16
1.47 e
0.05
0.05 e
- e
0.00
4.42
3.06
1.35
0.00
3.42
2.48
0.90 e
0.04
0.04 e
- e
0.00
3.95
2.93
1.02
0.00
3.36
1.33
-
-0.52
-1.35
2.52
-
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.00
-
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.00
0.01
-
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.02
-
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.00
0.02
-
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.02
-
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
-
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
-
0.12
-0.95
-1.23
5.95
-
-4.08
-3.75
-5.26
7.18
-3.41
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
NETHERLANDS
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
40.99
65.34
61.49
71.37
..
103.23
..
..
112.23
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
57.76
105.55
71.09
..
68.25
62.74
154.34
131.18
..
97.42
..
..
138.43
..
123.52
..
..
x
156.50
129.53
..
..
x
255.43
..
..
..
x
416.14
418.14
..
..
x
279.91
390.90
..
..
x
362.79
321.89
..
..
x
493.29
348.51
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
40.25
89.46
77.63
58.95
..
109.63
..
..
105.05
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
56.72
100.69
97.33
..
86.17
51.82
123.84
151.08
..
103.46
..
..
140.51
..
115.61
..
..
x
236.75
180.69
..
..
x
286.69
..
..
..
x
396.87
367.72
..
..
x
280.92
361.76
..
..
x
381.91
312.46
..
..
x
494.31
322.03
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
5.05
1.88
2.64
0.05
0.48
16.78
11.68
4.51
0.05
0.54
16.47
10.88
4.83
0.04
0.72
20.09
14.71
4.76
0.03
0.59
18.61
13.24
4.88
0.03
0.46
18.82
14.21
4.20
0.02
0.39
17.46
14.26
2.98
0.03
0.18
18.33
13.45
4.47
0.02
0.40
21.62
17.07
4.25
0.02
0.28
1.13
0.41
0.01
0.00
0.71
3.26
2.31
0.00
0.95
3.96
2.88
0.01
0.02
1.05
8.66
7.18
0.92
0.00
0.56
6.73
6.14
0.23
0.36
6.59
6.33
0.02
0.23
4.18
3.98
0.03
0.17
5.14
4.97
0.00
0.16
4.86
4.69
0.12
0.05

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
NETHERLANDS
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
5108
11713
17513
17193
22586
20465
19944
20469
24479
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
2853
961
89
782
376
644
1
4169
1027
35
6
455
315
7
2255
48
4603
449
426
462
98
3110
4
4936
432
514
15
368
2378
10
4864
1902
366
319
1621
1
4987
1346
902
1364
99
3049
299
258
1550
408
4569
555
503
1
2859
-
4343
700
566
2421
29
x
x
-
21
x
x
-
1
6
46
1
x
-
16
214
x
989
-
10
441
x
204
-
x
359
204
713
-
x
534
-
x
554
97
-
x
527
100
-
2185
529
55
62
703
264
166
14
10
7438
1898
141
64
155
949
2
3105
68
12837
5176
72
1043
3023
237
12198
2293
34
795
9
2731
76
17675
1110
19
1246
9
1242
365
15428
439
43
97
68
290
239
16857
313
67
2
2
520
1078
15871
17
73
20
819
797
20113
71
45
9
2031
721
309
57
x
x
16
1
162
878
10
x
x
5
152
1514
133
1436
x
32
19
-
462
2450
1034
2167
x
41
79
20
7
271
4989
2644
5287
x
174
90
157
72
83
5703
992
6084
x
1250
33
107
6
7910
674
4292
x
1973
10
10
-
23
8656
14
2015
x
3401
36
-
21
12480
1491
x
2944
300
-
70
106
73
59
47
50
38
29
23
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NETHERLANDS
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
13
103
938
236
28
123
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
13
13
-
103
72
9
3
19
-
8
8
-
938
10
928
-
236
236
-
15
15
-
123
123
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
13
-
13
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NETHERLANDS
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
475
1336
2512
3218
8621
7138
4704
5866
5500
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
475
231
9
228
5
2
-
1296
222
23
45
67
216
41
96
10
123
158
295
-
2448
469
2
2
261
1410
48
7
3
26
7
213
-
3199
168
333
2466
5
8
22
5
60
2
130
-
8590
1
148
318
7466
3
53
315
19
267
-
7114
4
38
18
67
309
1291
4599
71
60
33
1
172
6
17
13
415
-
4693
42
7
57
996
3182
51
26
103
2
4
70
153
-
5719
216
23
176
1057
3752
56
15
239
16
4
1
7
157
-
5392
23
172
43
46
9
628
3916
7
51
3
204
4
264
22
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
40
-
64
3
61
-
24
3
-
11
6
-
147
7
15
15
1
108
44
16
31
2
40
21
109
15
19
31
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NETHERLANDS
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
60.87
53.77
46.87
104.06
125.84
187.06
182.14
182.24
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
60.19
59.41
..
60.71
51.33
46.96
50.24
65.10
47.62
..
56.87
54.78
..
55.46
57.65
39.24
..
49.63
..
33.59
48.55
45.10
..
45.45
50.32
43.08
32.01
34.74
..
..
101.15
100.14
..
..
108.36
352.78
130.59
..
..
95.25
127.31
131.67
..
..
128.72
269.39
..
..
..
91.41
191.72
220.98
..
..
159.55
242.43
..
..
..
155.18
235.19
214.60
..
..
152.33
..
..
..
..
128.98
199.46
205.14
..
..
166.55
244.12
..
..
..
175.13
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
52.25
43.89
29.54
68.86
79.12
133.50
98.82
95.59
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
52.28
..
..
55.66
54.91
51.46
51.72
54.88
43.71
47.99
42.39
..
..
46.60
49.37
42.61
40.75
41.50
41.63
58.39
31.26
29.97
..
30.39
31.13
30.20
28.38
26.45
30.08
30.10
106.55
144.61
..
304.89
76.01
77.09
65.86
63.41
65.31
67.64
102.57
94.31
..
75.83
88.56
..
78.24
69.92
75.31
79.08
147.93
139.51
..
161.93
141.08
..
..
129.35
130.98
116.75
198.55
..
132.46
120.11
121.93
x
94.29
103.55
94.06
93.91
237.68
164.66
..
85.97
110.73
x
87.09
66.58
79.35
94.11
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
NEW ZEALAND*
30
160
140
25
120
20
100
15
80
60
10
40
5
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

3.5
6.0
3.0
5.0
2.5
4.0
2.0
3.0
1.5
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

50
40
45
35
40
Other use
30
35
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
NEW ZEALAND
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
11.46
1.80
5.96
0.40
1.76
1.53
-
12.84
1.46
5.73
1.13
0.74
2.33
1.46
-
18.38
1.69
5.07
5.53
1.08
2.85
2.11
0.05
24.37
1.58
8.11
7.22
1.59
3.00
2.78
0.01
0.05
24.94
2.09
8.87
5.01
1.52
2.98
4.24
0.19
0.05
26.00
1.87
8.63
5.32
1.68
3.04
5.20
0.21
0.04
25.71
2.06
8.38
4.87
1.68
3.08
5.34
0.25
0.05
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.82
-0.38
-0.95
16.65
2.88
1.92
-
1.75
0.49
2.69
-0.19
2.26
0.32
4.62
-1.00

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
56
0.20
3.0
3.86
95.4
115.4
84.0
19
..
1980
57
0.22
3.1
4.08
105.6
92.1
101.7
23
64.9
1990
70
0.26
3.4
5.45
123.8
87.5
120.2
32
73.0
2000
94
0.26
3.9
6.30
122.1
61.0
108.6
39
88.0
2009
119
0.21
4.3
5.76
98.8
63.6
95.4
43
89.0
2010
121
0.21
4.4
5.93
100.7
55.5
96.4
45
89.6
2011e
123
0.21
4.4
5.82
98.3
60.4
..
44
90.0
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.26
2.80
1.54
-1.03
0.75
1.32
2.06
0.42
1.54
-1.03
-1.62
-2.25
2.13
-1.10
3.32
1.66
..
1.03
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.01
1.53
0.07
-
0.59
1.37
0.08
-
1.35
1.51
0.11
-
2.50
1.89
0.13
-
1.93
1.72
0.13
-
2.37
1.96
0.15
-
2.14
1.81
0.16
-
39.10
-0.94
1.07
-
7.22
1.82
3.12
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.01
2.01
0.15
-
0.58
1.84
0.16
-
1.31
1.94
0.21
-
2.45
2.58
0.25
-
1.90
2.40
0.26
-
2.34
2.70
0.30
-
2.12
2.51
0.32
-
39.12
-0.72
0.43
-
7.24
1.92
3.14
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
NEW ZEALAND
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
8.39
1.28
4.99
0.17
1.96
-
9.87
1.17
5.17
0.50
0.63
2.40
-
14.23
1.32
5.75
2.57
0.89
0.24
3.46
-
18.48
0.74
7.58
4.30
1.37
0.28
4.21
-
18.08
0.99
8.69
1.93
1.44
0.33
0.01
4.70
-
17.78
0.77
8.31
2.38
1.30
0.34
0.01
4.67
-
18.25
0.86
8.40
2.37
1.46
0.32
0.01
4.83
-
3.16
0.15
0.84
17.52
3.42
-
1.25
-2.13
1.91
-0.40
2.51
1.46
1.67
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
2.81
1.01
1.06
0.05
0.69
-
3.44
0.79
0.87
0.37
0.46
0.94
-
5.49
1.13
0.41
1.75
0.67
0.16
1.38
-
6.09
0.62
0.48
1.91
1.15
0.19
1.72
-
5.62
0.84
0.68
0.96
1.22
0.21
1.71
-
5.27
0.67
0.56
1.12
1.09
0.22
1.62
-
5.57
0.73
0.50
1.15
1.24
0.21
1.74
-
4.02
0.66
-5.49
23.84
4.13
-
0.07
-2.16
1.00
-2.11
3.14
1.39
1.20
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.77
2.77
-
3.27
0.00
3.26
0.01
4.23
0.00
4.13
0.08
5.81
0.00
5.79
0.00
6.67
0.00
6.65
0.00
6.53
0.00
6.52
0.00
6.58
0.00
6.56
0.00
2.51
2.39
-
2.24
-2.18
2.34
-20.07
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.00
1.29
0.23
0.11
0.04
0.00
1.45
0.20
0.04
0.06
0.01
1.73
0.12
0.02
0.11
0.01
1.94
0.04
0.07
0.22
0.00
0.01
2.06
0.01
0.09
0.17
0.00
0.01
2.16
0.03
0.09
0.20
0.01
0.01
2.16
0.02
0.10
0.18
5.70
1.74
-3.48
-10.39
6.77
0.00
1.13
-9.43
9.04
2.74
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.91
0.73
0.01
0.34
0.08
0.17 e
0.99
1.01
0.18
0.36
0.07
0.22
0.01
1.25
1.14
0.05
0.24
0.13
0.22
0.01
1.38
1.33
0.06
0.17
0.19
0.21
0.01
0.01
1.56
1.65
0.08
0.16
0.19
0.20
0.01
0.01
1.62
1.61
0.04
0.14
0.22
0.20
0.01
0.01
1.64
1.64
0.05
0.18
0.21
1.87
2.61
12.56
-2.03
2.86
-0.35
-0.08
1.36
1.84
-0.30
-1.36
2.26
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.30
0.34
0.34
-
0.00
0.41
0.31
0.31
-
0.00
0.06
0.65
0.88
0.45
0.43
0.00
0.06
0.84
2.35
0.44
1.91
0.01
0.09
1.13
1.02
0.46
0.56
0.01
0.09
1.11
1.20
0.42
0.78
0.01
0.08
1.11
1.30
0.51
0.78
4.58
5.68
1.61
-
9.39
1.21
2.72
1.95
0.65
3.05

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
NEW ZEALAND
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
1.8
-0.0
-0.0
1.6
-0.1
-0.1
2.0
0.0
-0.3
-
3.0
0.0
-1.6
0.2
3.8
0.5
-2.1
-0.1
4.5
0.2
-2.4
-0.4
4.1
0.1
-2.2
-0.0
0.6
15.1
4.0
29.9
10.3
1.8
1.5
1.7
1.6
2.1
1.9
2.1
-0.4
0.5
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
0.1
-0.0
..
-0.5
-0.2
-0.2 e
-0.7
-1.3
-0.9
..
-4.4
6.8

-0.5
-0.5
-
-0.2
-0.2
-
-0.2
-0.2
-0.1
-0.5
-0.3
-0.2
-1.1
-0.9
-0.2
-0.7
-0.4
-0.3
..
..
..
-4.5
-6.5
-
5.5
4.9
6.7
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0 e
-0.0 e
0.0
-
Energy ind. own use
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
..
-0.1
-0.2
0.0
-
-0.2
-0.2
0.0
-
-0.2
-0.2
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
-16.1
-
33.8
14.9
0.8
-
..
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
..
1.8
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
1.3
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.8
0.9
..
0.1
-2.1
1.0
0.1
0.9
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
1.1
0.4 e
0.8
0.6
0.0
0.6
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
9.9
-1.2
-2.2
-8.8
-1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-2.2
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.2
-
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
..
..
..
..
-2.3
12.6
-3.5
-7.0
-2.0
-0.3
-9.4
8.4
..

IEA/OECD, 2012

NEW ZEALAND
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2.04
0.59
0.59
0.05
0.08
0.83
0.18
0.12
0.03
0.49
0.45
-
1.84
0.26
0.23
0.03
0.64
0.89
0.89
0.17
-
1.88
0.45
0.43
0.02
0.67
0.59
0.59
0.09
-
3.93
2.42
2.41
0.02
0.76
0.65
0.65
0.13
-
3.68
1.96
1.96
0.00
0.74
0.83
0.83
0.15
-
2.73
1.27
1.27
0.00
0.76
0.60
0.10
0.51
0.11
-
2.29
0.63
0.63
0.00
0.85
0.64
0.11
0.53
0.12
-
-0.83
-6.61
-7.50
23.70
0.58
5.01
-7.81
-
1.09
4.54
5.11
-10.57
1.38
-1.58
-2.49
-1.65
-
0.24
-
0.12
-
0.06
0.00
0.06
-
0.07
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.01
-
-6.24
-
0.13
0.09
0.00
0.03
0.05
0.04
-
0.16
0.01
0.01
0.14
0.14
0.06
-
0.21
0.01
0.01
0.17
0.17
0.08
-
0.25
0.01
0.01
0.21
0.21
0.06
-
0.25
0.02
0.02
0.25
0.25
0.05
-
0.26
0.02
0.02
0.21
0.21
0.03
-
0.29
0.02
0.02
0.19
0.19
0.06
-
1.63
3.63
8.27
2.87
-
3.09
1.92
1.92
1.80
1.80
-0.35
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
NEW ZEALAND
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
36.23
c
90.62
..
..
c
c
157.65
..
83.90
c
c
159.59
..
98.96
c
c
155.06
..
66.32
c
c
290.24
..
173.19
c
c
393.95
..
186.35
c
c
295.50
..
181.46
c
c
399.85
..
178.29
c
c
441.15
..
214.89
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(New Zealand dollars / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
34.00
c
126.00
..
..
c
c
382.76
..
181.01
c
c
351.94
..
193.91
c
c
494.68
..
187.99
c
c
596.71
..
316.37
c
c
812.59
..
341.53
c
c
684.13
..
373.29
c
c
802.85
..
318.08
c
c
809.68
..
350.45
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.02
0.02
-
0.80
0.06
0.74
-
0.45
0.09
0.00
0.36
-
0.50
0.06
0.45
-
0.19
0.05
0.00
0.14
-
0.13
0.03
0.00
0.10
-
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.34
0.34
-
1.38
1.38
-
1.59
1.59
-
2.38
2.38
-
2.54
2.54
-
2.11
2.06
0.05
-
2.44
0.11
2.33
-
2.18
0.04
2.14
0.01
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
NEW ZEALAND
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
16
1084
702
251
172
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1
-
1
-
3
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
1
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
1
x
3
1
1
-
16
-
1084
-
702
-
250
-
169
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
16
x
1084
x
702
x
250
x
169
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NEW ZEALAND
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
11
315
336
1334
1551
2331
2034
2301
2113
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
11
11
-
308
308
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
7
7
336
1334
1551
2331
2034
2301
2113
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NEW ZEALAND
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
80
73
119
46
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
70
70
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
10
10
73
119
46
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NORWAY*
50
140
45
120
40
100
35
30
80
25
20
60
15
40
10
20
5
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

4.5
1.8
4.0
1.6
3.5
1.4
3.0
1.2
2.5
1.0
2.0
0.8
1.5
0.6
1.0
0.4
0.5
0.2
02
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

160
45
140
40
Other use
35
120
30
100
25
80
20
60
15
40
10
20
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
NORWAY
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
20.37
1.30
10.76
8.95
-0.64
-
26.17
1.44
12.44
1.24
0.84
10.27
-0.06
-
30.00
1.23
11.52
2.82
1.47
14.88
-1.95
0.03
37.27
1.50
12.79
5.92
1.95
17.42
0.00
-2.34
0.03
40.22
0.80
15.08
7.84
2.03
15.39
0.12
-1.10
0.05
46.36
1.20
18.32
8.90
2.38
14.44
0.11
0.93
0.09
42.68
1.19
15.77
8.66
2.34
14.84
0.16
-0.38
0.09
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.30
-0.31
0.40
3.04
6.81
-
2.20
-0.14
2.35
5.91
2.42
-0.15
x
6.12

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
109
0.19
4.0
5.14
149.1
328.3
153.6
73
33.5
1980
148
0.18
4.1
6.40
140.8
266.6
139.0
84
48.0
1990
190
0.16
4.2
7.07
125.9
178.4
140.3
122
74.2
2000
273
0.14
4.5
8.30
108.7
151.0
110.3
143
104.5
2009
315
0.13
4.8
8.33
101.7
69.9
93.7
131
93.3
2010
317
0.15
4.9
9.48
116.4
103.7
99.4
124
88.1
2011e
322
0.13
5.0
8.62
105.5
101.7
..
127
83.7
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.33
2.60
-0.99
-0.39
0.40
0.71
1.89
1.48
-0.99
-0.39
-3.52
-2.67
-0.53
-1.70
3.05
0.10
4.79
0.86
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.23
0.18
-
0.29
-
0.61
-
1.41
-
2.53
-
1.86
-
1.33
-
4.31
-
9.71
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.23
0.18
-
0.30
-
0.63
-
1.47
-
2.64
-
1.94
-
1.39
-
4.68
-
9.71
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
NORWAY
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
19.08
1.17
10.44
7.47
-
22.83
1.24
11.56
0.84
9.19
-
24.91
1.11
10.52
1.28
11.89
0.11
28.28
1.36
10.72
0.85
1.71
13.46
0.18
29.94
0.95
12.00
1.22
1.64
13.76
0.38
28.59
0.67
11.73
1.00
1.59
13.18
0.42
30.57
0.82
12.21
1.10
1.81
14.09
0.55
1.58
-0.34
0.04
2.78
-
1.03
-1.50
0.75
1.72
0.85
8.55
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
8.34
1.08
2.69
4.57
-
9.19
1.20
2.83
0.26
4.91
-
8.62
1.09
1.33
0.55
5.63
0.02
9.82
1.26
1.09
0.25
0.85
6.34
0.03
9.46
0.87
1.41
0.30
0.62
6.22
0.04
7.82
0.62
1.29
0.30
0.50
5.07
0.04
8.60
0.74
1.41
0.36
0.56
5.46
0.06
0.19
0.06
-4.08
1.23
-
-0.01
-1.92
0.30
0.16
-0.15
4.61
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
3.28
3.21
-
4.13
4.05
-
4.87
4.79
-
5.80
5.72
0.00
6.77
6.50
0.07
6.64
6.35
0.07
6.93
6.61
0.08
2.35
2.37
-
1.78
1.62
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.06
2.68
0.09
0.63
-
0.08
4.55
0.05
1.17
-
0.08
5.15
0.01
0.64
-
0.08
5.46
0.00
0.35
0.00
0.12
0.08
5.48
0.24
0.00
0.14
0.08
5.71
0.24
0.00
0.17
0.08
6.18
0.28
0.01
1.33
3.92
-12.87
0.15
-
0.26
0.92
-4.09
-
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.96
0.82
0.00
0.01
-
0.57
2.77
2.33
0.98
-
0.74
3.72
0.04
2.92
0.49
-
0.82
4.26
0.03
3.03
0.34
0.00
0.86
4.29
0.09
3.52
0.00
0.30
0.03
0.91
4.46
0.09
4.00
0.34
0.03
1.02
4.75
0.13
4.32
0.34
0.03
3.84
7.72
22.95
-
1.62
1.22
6.88
1.98
-1.77
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.81
1.58
1.58
-
1.35
2.24
2.24
-
2.38
0.05
2.63
2.63
-
0.04
2.53
0.13
3.07
0.10
2.38
0.60
0.04
2.91
0.25
3.59
0.08
2.72
0.79
0.04
3.30
0.29
3.16
0.05
2.54
0.57
0.05
3.53
0.36
3.25
0.07
2.58
0.60
6.55
3.03
3.03
-
2.00
10.65
1.06
-0.10
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
NORWAY
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
0.4
1.0
-0.1
0.1
0.3
1.3
-0.1
0.0
0.3
1.2
-0.2
-0.0
0.6
1.4
-0.6
0.0
2.5
0.7
-2.3
-0.1
1.9
1.1
-1.6
-0.2
1.3
1.1
-1.4
0.2
-2.1
1.3
3.9
9.7
-0.5
9.7
Primary supply
1.3
1.4
1.2
1.5
0.8
1.2
1.2
-0.3
-0.1
0.0
-0.0
-0.0
0.0
-0.0
-0.2
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
..
-0.5
2.8

-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.1
-0.1
-
..
..
..
3.5
3.5
-
2.5
2.5
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.0
0.0
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.0
-
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
0.0
-
Energy ind. own use

Losses
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
..
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.1
-0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
-2.3
-1.4
-
3.0
3.0
-
..
-0.0
-0.0
..
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.4
0.7
0.8
..
-0.3
-1.5
1.1
0.8 e
0.1
0.1
0.0
1.2
0.9 e
0.2
0.1
0.0
1.1
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.3
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.1
-
0.7
0.3
0.3
0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.1
-0.6
3.4
1.5
-3.9
-1.9
-4.4
2.9
-0.3
-
..
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-10.7
-12.9
-
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

NORWAY
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
0.42
0.02
0.02
0.35
0.25
0.10
0.00
0.01
-
0.75
0.02
0.02
0.74
0.48
0.11
0.14
0.01
0.00
0.01
-
1.00
0.02
0.02
0.86
0.47
0.22
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.80
0.03
0.03
0.61
0.31
0.19
0.11
0.08
0.83
0.02
0.02
0.59
0.27
0.21
0.12
0.08
0.54
0.03
0.03
0.44
0.18
0.14
0.12
0.06
0.82
0.03
0.03
0.58
0.26
0.21
0.12
0.08
5.00
0.84
0.84
6.54
5.75
1.12
3.44
1.53
-
0.44
1.07
1.07
-1.19
-3.09
3.17
-0.82
-
0.41
0.41
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
NORWAY
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
39.79
..
70.70
..
x
53.13
93.32
217.89
..
x
..
89.69
x
252.17
x
..
x
x
249.16
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Norwegian crowns / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
200
..
528
..
x
319
560
1943
..
x
..
545
x
2277
x
..
x
x
3123
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
..
x
x
..
x
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.91
0.26
0.19
0.46
1.20
0.68
0.52
1.40
0.89
0.51
1.41
0.88
0.53
1.01
0.64
0.37
1.06
0.62
0.44
0.68
0.41
0.27
1.08
0.66
0.42
1.12
0.68
0.44
0.18
0.08
0.10
0.25
0.24
0.00
0.17
0.17
-
0.55
0.55
0.00
1.60
1.60
0.00
3.21
3.21
-
2.30
2.30
-
1.58
1.58
0.00
1.44
1.44
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
NORWAY
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
450
917
713
930
919
667
424
684
711
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
187
125
62
-
215
134
32
-
x
x
-
49
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
263
2
55
29
77
46
38
702
2
99
141
19
191
191
713
32
48
87
181
151
99
930
49
59
195
153
103
143
919
64
151
169
21
294
667
71
159
103
17
148
424
10
32
84
94
16
58
684
22
60
83
91
51
123
711
6
65
45
12
13
16
x
x
-
43
14
2
x
x
-
4
9
x
97
5
-
155
8
9
x
52
1
3
36
102
x
82
-
30
97
x
39
3
65
x
56
9
-
6
111
11
x
122
4
12
x
58
500
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
NORWAY
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
77
235
254
180
574
1666
2397
1649
1504
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
76
75
1
-
235
1
44
69
2
21
2
92
4
-
253
2
50
87
4
46
3
61
-
179
22
86
57
3
10
1
-
570
156
50
330
7
2
25
-
1666
245
111
994
71
1
214
30
-
2397
28
158
173
1552
245
241
-
1649
185
773
282
111
217
12
69
-
1504
144
408
162
595
195
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1
1
-
4
2
-
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
POLAND*
200
140
180
120
160
100
140
120
80
100
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

200
160
180
140
160
120
140
100
120
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

180
500
160
450
140
400
Other use
350
120
300
100
250
80
200
60
150
40
100
20
50
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
POLAND
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
132.68
106.71
15.26
8.94
1.81
0.18
-0.22
-
180.89
142.57
23.79
12.53
1.74
0.29
-0.03
-
147.29
112.67
18.62
12.76
3.18
0.17
-0.13
-
127.31
80.43
27.36
14.22
5.81
0.26
0.00
0.00
-0.78
-
134.27
73.04
34.31
17.23
9.51
0.29
0.02
0.14
-0.27
-
144.93
79.14
36.24
18.29
10.85
0.36
0.02
0.21
-0.17
-
146.60
79.12
37.30
18.33
11.85
0.29
0.02
0.34
-0.64
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.62
0.32
1.18
2.12
3.37
-0.16
-3.02
-
-0.08
-1.75
3.38
1.81
6.32
3.68
1.32
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
157
0.85
33.4
3.98
195.0
265.2
107.1
84
..
e
e
e
e
e
1980
181
1.00
35.6
5.08
229.7
306.2
135.1
121
..
e
e
e
e
e
1990
180
0.82
38.0
3.87
188.3
243.7
154.0
134
47.3
2000
261
0.49
38.3
3.33
112.3
120.0
108.9
143
76.8
2009
368
0.36
38.2
3.52
84.0
77.3
88.2
151
121.0
2010
383
0.38
38.2
3.80
87.2
80.5
89.2
157
134.4
2011e
399
0.37
38.2
3.84
84.5
77.2
..
163
143.6
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.82
3.84
-0.20
-3.78
0.77
0.02
-0.15
-0.10
-0.20
-3.78
-0.50
-5.38
2.16
-2.69
2.81
0.78
..
5.36
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
41.12
125.04
11.03
-
28.99
93.12
19.27
-
17.24
67.30
17.32
-
14.21
65.96
18.19
-
8.63
54.57
17.40
-
11.74
50.87
16.51
-
11.51
50.78
18.36
-
-2.87
-2.43
4.76
-
-4.42
-2.98
-0.77
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
40.85
151.78
41.01
-
28.79
118.94
67.58
-
17.22
86.11
59.48
-
14.07
83.83
61.64
-
8.54
69.52
57.11
-
11.66
65.07
56.51
-
11.44
64.97
62.84
-
-2.87
-2.01
4.25
-
-4.42
-2.97
-0.89
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
POLAND
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
86.50
41.46
12.80
6.31
1.16
7.16
17.62
111.44
45.65
18.58
9.95
1.09
10.45
25.73
87.75
24.77
15.61
10.98
2.33
11.82
22.23
83.11
18.93
25.01
11.65
5.55
0.00
12.12
9.84
93.59
17.23
31.39
14.58
6.78
0.02
0.00
14.45
9.13
91.92
15.97
31.60
14.04
7.33
0.02
0.00
13.85
9.11
99.56
18.94
32.69
15.13
8.26
0.02
0.00
14.56
9.95
0.08
-2.98
1.17
3.31
4.19
3.00
1.38
0.63
-1.33
3.76
1.62
6.53
1.05
-3.94
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
37.49
14.39
2.08
4.25
0.24
4.68
11.85
46.00
14.89
2.95
5.46
0.44
6.40
15.85
32.86
9.37
1.34
3.58
0.97
5.25
12.34
25.01
10.69
2.60
3.26
1.41
4.97
2.07
21.88
6.30
1.75
4.34
1.80
5.44
2.25
20.06
5.17
1.82
4.18
1.96
4.89
2.03
20.92
5.59
1.62
4.44
2.12
5.14
2.01
-0.77
-2.49
-2.53
-1.00
8.70
0.68
0.24
-2.23
-2.55
0.95
1.08
3.97
-0.11
-8.68
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
12.81
5.23
7.16
-
13.11
2.57
9.94
-
10.18
0.25
9.26
-
13.59
12.93
0.09
22.35
20.83
0.46
22.78
21.06
0.38
24.19
22.22
0.32
-1.34
-16.42
1.52
-
4.42
4.48
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.43
19.71
13.58 e
0.17
0.44
0.59
28.81
17.83 e
0.25
1.81
0.67
25.47
10.48 e
0.06
4.17
0.57
24.55
6.11
1.27
4.35
0.63
0.44
26.51
8.12
1.10
4.48
0.95
0.39
26.60
8.09
0.96
4.60
1.27
0.39
30.01
10.07
0.84
5.06
2.74
1.52
-1.52
-6.21
14.15
-2.71
0.82
-0.20
14.31
0.98
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.81
0.67
4.03
7.90
6.10 e
0.12
0.56
1.32
7.05
10.93
8.04 e
0.41
2.48
8.28
7.08
3.08 e
0.47
3.24
0.00
2.58
6.99
7.09
0.75
0.56
1.32
3.50
0.01
3.33
5.97
10.54
1.05
0.93
2.43
3.50
0.02
3.38
6.06
10.85
1.14
0.86
2.58
3.85
0.02
3.52
6.65
12.21
1.37
1.07
2.90
7.98
4.33
-0.64
-3.95
8.40
1.75
-1.09
2.77
-3.97
9.52
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.09
0.88
0.71
4.60
1.03
2.10
1.47
0.03
2.37
1.13
6.01
0.26
3.01
2.74
0.32
0.00
3.41
0.74
6.22
0.10
3.49
2.62
0.20
0.00
0.00
5.05
0.88
7.13
0.22
4.11
2.81
0.27
0.00
0.00
4.98
0.99
6.58
0.04
4.31
2.24
0.31
0.00
0.00
5.32
1.25
6.82
0.09
4.36
2.36
-6.26
6.01
2.76
1.59
-7.77
2.14
3.75
12.27
4.12
0.53
0.63
-5.02
1.88
-0.74

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
0.06
1.18
1.24
6.50
0.60
3.64
2.26
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
POLAND
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
143.9
1.2
-38.5
0.2
171.9
1.0
-30.4
0.0
141.4
0.6
-29.3
0.0
101.9
1.5
-24.8
1.9
80.6
9.3
-13.1
-3.8
79.1
11.8
-15.7
3.9
80.7
12.5
-13.0
-1.0
-0.1
-4.2
-1.6
-2.9
16.4
-3.1
Primary supply
106.7
142.6
112.7
80.4
73.0
79.1
79.1
0.3
-1.8
-4.7
-9.8
-5.7
0.5
-1.5
-1.8
..
-57.7 e
-84.4 e
-80.2 e
-59.6 e
-54.3 e
-56.9
..
2.0
-1.7

-52.9 e
-36.7 e
-16.2 e
-77.0
-53.6
-23.4
-74.9
-56.3
-18.7
-56.2
-53.4
-2.8
-52.8
-51.3
-1.5
-54.7
-53.0
-1.7
..
..
..
2.1
2.5
0.8
-1.6
-0.3
-11.3
Gas works
-0.5 e
-0.6
-0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-14.4
-4.3 e
0.0
-3.2 e
-1.2
0.1
-6.8 e
0.0
-4.2 e
-2.7
0.1
-5.2 e
0.0
-3.2 e
-2.0
0.0
-3.4 e
0.0
-1.9 e
-1.6
-
-1.5 e
-0.9 e
-0.6
-
-2.2
-1.0
-1.2
-
..
..
..
..
..
1.2
-2.9
0.1
2.9
-23.8
-4.3
-5.6
-2.7
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-2.8 e
-2.7
-2.0
-2.3
-1.3
-1.4
..
-2.1
-1.6
Autoproducers
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
-0.1 e
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
..
41.5
45.7
24.8
18.9
16.0
18.9
..
-3.0
-1.3
14.4
3.1 e
0.7
5.6
0.1
5.0
14.9
3.7 e
0.7
5.1
0.1
5.4
5.6
0.9
1.7
1.1
0.3
1.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
-2.5
-1.0
-3.7
-3.4
-1.0
-2.5
-2.5
-5.1
8.1
-5.1
9.0
-3.8
5.2
2.6
0.2
20.8
6.1 e
13.6 e
1.1
27.6
8.0 e
17.8 e
1.7
1.0
0.6
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
9.4
2.6 e
0.4
3.1
0.1
3.2
10.7
3.0 e
1.8
2.1
0.5
3.3
5.2
0.8 e
1.5
1.0
0.3
1.5
..
-16.4
14.9
3.1 e
10.5 e
1.3
8.1
0.7
6.1
1.3
10.8
1.1
8.1
1.5
13.3
1.4
10.1
1.8
..
..
..
..
-1.9
-3.9
-1.5
1.0
-0.6
-4.0
-0.2
1.5
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.1
..
-7.8
-5.0

IEA/OECD, 2012

POLAND
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
127.71
84.76
57.61
27.15
1.64
1.49
9.35
0.11
0.36
5.05
0.08
3.76
26.49
0.04
102.10
77.55
55.18
22.38
0.08
0.38
6.74
0.05
0.32
3.19
0.07
3.11
16.18
0.01
70.04
51.63
48.60
3.03
9.70
0.79
2.17
2.30
0.68
3.76
9.60
0.01
69.28
50.82
47.98
2.84
5.82
0.47
1.23
1.28
0.55
2.29
10.39
0.09
69.66
48.82
47.51
1.31
5.96
0.19
2.03
1.61
0.35
1.79
11.70
0.09
65.82
47.01
45.59
1.42
5.34
0.20
1.96
1.18
0.38
1.63
11.81
0.04
72.45
50.38
48.91
1.47
5.58
0.12
2.18
1.23
0.44
1.62
12.93
0.06
-1.85
-0.74
-0.36
-1.60
-22.50
-10.73
-2.69
-6.00
-0.96
-3.75
-1.35
-1.55
-4.03
-7.78
-1.70
-2.13
-0.60
-12.73
-0.94
4.25
10.12
-4.66
9.74
-3.21
-1.11
7.81
25.85
..
..
..
25.30
1.17
..
..
..
-
18.13
..
..
..
18.21
0.16
..
..
..
-
13.33
0.05
0.00
0.05
12.38
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.00
-
11.16
0.08
0.08
11.38
-
13.01
0.11
0.11
13.27
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
-
9.91
0.06
0.06
9.37
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
-
12.34
0.08
0.08
12.99
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
-
-2.91
..
..
..
-2.70
-15.08
..
..
..
-
-1.91
..
..
..
-1.67
..
..
..
-
37.71
36.91
36.45
0.46
0.26
0.01
0.08
0.00
0.02
0.06
0.44
-
67.39
66.92
66.46
0.46
0.23
0.02
0.04
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.16
0.00
59.49
59.11
59.10
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.01
0.04
0.25
-
61.59
61.08
61.07
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.48
-
59.65
58.65
58.65
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.52
0.00
57.08
56.06
56.06
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.53
0.00
56.59
55.73
55.73
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.86
0.00
4.96
5.08
5.13
-0.05
-0.87
10.42
-4.76
2.43
0.54
-7.48
-7.84
-
-0.87
-0.91
-0.88
-26.39
-2.23
1.12
-5.34
8.64
3.53
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
POLAND
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
17.03
61.62
..
43.52
69.27
..
38.86
80.55
..
65.19
179.72
160.15
110.19
375.73
291.72
109.84
280.56
218.11
107.21
360.13
226.93
116.06
480.92
249.06
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
61.62
..
63.43
51.77
60.05
69.27
..
100.91
48.83
39.10
80.60
..
103.47
71.39
114.57
181.87
213.05
174.75
135.19
221.50
347.98
453.21
413.56
122.71
129.55
256.43
331.37
336.54
125.20
187.88
342.60
418.02
353.71
142.48
253.68
469.03
535.69
385.08
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(1 000 Polish zlotys / unit)(2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
..
..
0.01
0.08
..
0.08
0.24
..
0.12
0.49
..
0.15
0.81
0.67
0.19
1.27
0.90
0.25
1.23
0.87
0.24
1.52
0.88
0.25
1.99
0.95
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.08
..
0.08
0.09
0.15
0.24
..
0.31
0.17
0.17
0.49
..
0.58
0.20
0.37
0.82
0.96
0.73
0.25
0.54
1.17
1.53
1.28
0.29
0.41
1.11
1.44
1.35
0.29
0.57
1.43
1.76
1.37
0.32
0.76
1.93
2.21
1.46
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
1.04
1.04
-
0.56
0.56
-
1.54
0.05
1.44
0.00
0.04
1.46
0.17
1.27
0.02
3.08
2.31
0.62
0.15
9.28
5.63
3.53
0.01
0.11
9.34
6.99
2.28
0.01
0.06
11.81
8.48
3.18
0.01
0.14
12.48
10.11
2.19
0.02
0.16
41.28
22.19
16.20
0.90
1.98
29.30
14.41
11.34
0.06
3.49
31.84
16.15
12.40
0.11
3.18
24.75
15.89
5.33
0.00
3.53
21.63
13.60
3.19
0.00
4.85
14.38
6.42
1.70
0.00
6.26
13.11
6.36
1.75
0.02
4.99
15.73
7.26
1.84
0.03
6.60
13.02
4.54
1.69
0.04
6.75

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
POLAND
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
1044
1052
560
1510
1452
3372
10823
13627
14696
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1044
-
1052
-
560
-
1433
1301
2
-
1263
500
1
610
35
558
17
-
2259
65
1071
963
-
3155
283
781
1839
-
2170
137
676
1187
-
x
x
1044
x
x
1052
x
560
x
130
-
x
736
26
-
x
-
58
x
98
4
-
198
x
54
-
162
x
4
1
3
64
26
-
189
11
94
6
1
2
2762
29
4
4
8534
678
5
1
14
10448
1408
12
11
89
12466
1978
4
132
3
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
5
27
6
4
7
x
13
51
-
5
56
x
2390
274
-
5
197
3
x
6977
651
3
5
146
x
8101
676
-
6
161
x
9293
884
5
13
30
24
60
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
POLAND
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
16042
14450
11226
12296
5290
3151
1725
1815
1670
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
6619
..
470
392
..
..
..
..
..
..
1311
..
54
..
..
..
..
1525
429
..
..
..
376
..
125
..
122
..
..
1369
71
..
..
375
..
5025
..
784
540
..
..
..
..
..
..
185
82
..
..
..
..
..
839
..
..
..
..
315
..
134
..
125
..
..
637
224
..
..
1160
..
2570
..
566
105
..
..
..
..
..
203
254
116
..
..
..
2
..
158
..
..
..
..
98
..
..
..
40
..
..
234
..
..
..
794
..
6200
1
247
78
871
9
534
633
303
437
3
17
10
757
156
110
1063
58
310
2
178
421
2
3649
599
214
717
72
131
266
323
53
669
7
494
100
4
-
2769
520
523
13
148
219
295
48
622
99
212
70
1682
334
625
32
14
23
284
68
302
-
1797
367
12
720
2
119
499
78
-
1619
135
1017
85
382
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
1472
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3797
861
..
..
..
..
..
..
861
..
4576
1249
..
..
..
284
100
..
1249
..
6096
790
48
156
-
1641
143
529
62
2
2
-
382
355
-
43
-
18
-
51
-
1472
2075
1694
5102
903
27
43
18
51
7951
5628
4080
World
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
POLAND
(thousand tonnes)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
24064
21674
16839
19572
17955
16218
6671
8150
5098
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
16188
..
260
105
..
..
274
3078
..
4089
3441
2041
..
..
..
331
..
1437
..
..
..
..
264
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
174
8
..
41
645
15271
..
949
59
..
..
1378
2056
..
2407
883
2709
..
..
..
735
..
1150
..
..
..
..
949
..
..
..
43
..
..
379
1292
24
..
258
..
13038
..
1202
242
..
..
2282
972
..
2609
141
2583
..
..
..
458
..
507
..
..
..
..
1043
..
..
..
..
..
..
16
732
1
..
250
..
14569
591
306
1874
3161
2556
95
2649
315
308
285
408
35
146
226
2
768
843
1
17132
1213
375
863
2214
3
1175
1336
6396
1
279
196
913
208
88
5
286
12
382
146
1040
1
15745
1187
649
717
837
653
1230
6906
240
9
286
245
222
142
223
250
9
41
172
66
1614
47
6652
878
79
827
91
224
358
2647
54
240
165
66
2
204
5
59
176
577
-
8053
443
216
684
437
185
583
4007
54
228
73
73
133
23
132
214
568
-
4987
296
1
808
59
37
2524
48
206
76
193
21
84
634
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
29
..
..
..
..
..
..
29
..
..
23
..
..
..
..
..
..
23
..
..
34
..
..
..
..
..
16
18
..
..
4974
37
-
823
1
16
3
473
436
-
19
-
97
-
111
3
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other
..
..
..
4937
803
37
19
97
108
7847
6380
3767
29

IEA/OECD, 2012
1978(1)
PORTUGAL*
40
600
35
500
30
400
25
20
300
15
200
10
100
5
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

6
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

60
70
50
60
Other use
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
PORTUGAL
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
9.85
0.72
7.32
0.91
0.90
-0.00
-
14.27
0.61
11.42
1.03
0.98
0.00
0.22
-
23.91
3.94
15.29
3.54
1.13
0.00
0.02
0.00
-
35.25
5.44
21.30
2.90
3.96
1.39
0.10
0.05
0.11
-
34.50
4.09
16.75
6.02
4.77
1.02
0.25
1.01
0.59
-
33.63
2.37
16.50
6.41
4.54
1.98
0.27
1.24
0.32
0.00
33.07
3.24
15.60
6.37
4.60
1.42
0.24
1.25
0.35
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
5.35
10.47
4.43
8.30
1.32
x
-
1.72
-2.51
0.38
1.26
2.88
22.65
24.33
23.75
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
80
0.12
8.7
1.13
62.1
36.1
42.1
10
42.5
1980
100
0.14
9.9
1.45
72.5
24.4
59.5
15
58.6
1990
137
0.17
10.0
2.39
88.3
114.9
70.9
28
93.3
2000
184
0.19
10.2
3.45
97.1
118.4
86.3
43
107.1
2009
193
0.18
10.6
3.25
90.5
84.8
102.5
49
90.6
2010
196
0.17
10.6
3.16
87.0
48.4
105.3
54
92.1
2011e
193
0.17
10.7
3.10
86.9
67.2
..
52
90.2
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.20
1.79
2.09
-0.07
0.81
0.31
4.51
1.40
2.09
-0.07
7.05
-4.23
3.12
2.00
6.45
3.24
4.73
-0.06
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.11
-
0.16
-
3.78
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.18
-
0.28
-
3.78
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
PORTUGAL
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
8.19
0.34
6.02
0.83
1.00
-
11.30
0.36
8.24
0.91
1.76
0.03
19.07
0.92
11.87
3.32
0.02
2.89
0.04
27.77
0.68
17.58
1.13
3.45
0.00
0.03
4.71
0.19
27.88
0.10
15.37
2.06
3.89
0.01
0.04
5.94
0.45
27.04
0.03
14.56
2.05
4.01
0.01
0.05
5.88
0.45
27.09
0.07
14.45
2.26
3.59
0.01
0.08
6.13
0.48
5.09
6.00
4.08
8.52
6.42
-
1.77
-11.99
0.99
0.39
8.72
3.83
13.18
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
3.32
0.20
2.03
0.46
0.63
-
4.76
0.28
3.00
0.44
1.01
0.03
6.65
0.85
2.58
1.68
1.50
0.04
8.89
0.62
3.38
0.94
1.81
1.96
0.18
7.95
0.10
1.75
1.45
2.05
2.16
0.43
7.48
0.03
1.64
1.36
2.03
1.99
0.43
7.75
0.07
1.51
1.45
2.11
2.15
0.45
4.17
8.87
1.40
7.97
5.26
-
0.77
-11.61
-2.64
1.14
1.80
12.85
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.28
0.03
2.23
-
3.23
0.00
3.20
-
4.63
4.60
-
8.53
8.49
0.00
9.29
9.03
0.02
9.27
8.88
0.02
9.19
8.66
0.02
4.26
4.35
-
3.49
3.22
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.03
1.15
0.08
0.50
-
0.03
1.47
0.04
0.56
-
0.04
3.26
0.06
0.83
-
0.04
4.01
0.04
0.97
0.10
0.18
0.06
4.46
0.79
0.33
0.32
0.06
4.58
0.76
0.38
0.46
0.06
4.10
0.81
0.43
2.09
6.30
-1.80
3.08
-
2.16
1.14
-0.14
-
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.37
0.21
0.36
0.02
0.20
-
0.47
0.40
0.62
0.02
0.29
-
1.64
0.01
0.73
0.86
0.02
0.24
-
1.64
0.02
1.24
0.01
1.99
0.02
0.48
0.08
1.66
0.03
1.65
0.01
2.79
0.55
0.26
1.66
0.03
1.74
0.01
2.93
0.63
0.29
1.02
0.05
1.78
0.01
2.95
0.51
0.35
9.13
7.73
5.26
-0.37
0.95
-
-2.37
12.02
4.59
6.36
3.92
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.14
0.54
0.54
-
0.31
0.74
0.74
-
0.01
0.59
3.01
3.01
-
0.00
0.01
1.39
0.00
3.33
3.33
-
0.01
0.02
1.94
0.01
2.77
2.77
-
0.01
0.02
1.96
0.01
2.18
2.18
-
0.01
0.03
2.01
0.02
2.44
2.44
-
8.92
10.64
10.64
-
5.95
6.30
-1.04
-1.04
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
PORTUGAL
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
0.2
0.4
-0.0
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.2
4.3
-0.0
-0.5
5.7
-0.1
-0.2
4.4
-0.1
-0.3
2.4
-0.1
0.0
3.3
-0.1
0.1
-0.8
14.9
-2.2
-2.8
12.0
Primary supply
0.7
0.6
3.9
5.4
4.1
2.4
3.2
10.5
-2.5
0.1
0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-0.4 e
-0.2 e
-3.0 e
-4.7 e
-4.0
-2.3
..
12.6
-1.3

-0.3
-0.3
-
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
-2.9
-2.9
-0.0
-4.6
-4.6
-0.1
-4.0
-4.0
-
-2.3
-2.3
-
..
..
..
14.1
14.1
-
-1.2
-1.2
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
1.2
-0.2 e
-0.1 e
-0.0
0.0
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.0
-
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.0
-
-0.1 e
-0.1 e
-0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
-1.5
-2.3
-0.1
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
0.5
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
0.3
0.4
0.9
0.7
0.0
0.1
..
6.0
-12.0
0.2
0.1 e
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.2 e
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.1 e
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.6
0.1 e
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
8.9
0.9
26.6
-9.8
-11.6
-13.5
0.9
-12.6
-
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.1
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-2.4
-0.4
-1.8
-
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

PORTUGAL
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.21
0.17
0.17
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.00
-
4.08
3.26
3.26
0.82
0.01
0.81
0.00
0.00
-
5.66
5.17
5.17
0.48
0.48
-
5.48
5.44
5.44
0.02
0.02
-
4.16
4.03
4.03
0.11
0.01
0.02
0.08
-
4.68
4.64
4.64
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.01
-
2.70
2.61
2.61
0.08
0.01
0.01
0.06
-
28.21
27.90
27.90
29.73
6.99
32.70
5.95
-
-2.04
-1.10
-1.10
-11.26
2.23
-12.56
-
0.42
0.00
0.00
0.34
0.06
0.06
0.01
-
0.31
0.31
-
0.50
0.49
-
-2.48
-0.59
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
PORTUGAL
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
31.26
48.18
x
58.90
76.31
x
50.80
72.25
x
34.67
108.41
..
77.51
158.83
226.98
162.01
350.48
403.88
93.31
246.45
295.07
101.19
..
302.98
129.94
..
322.83
..
175.90
54.80
..
x
..
52.51
131.62
..
x
..
43.92
125.85
141.93
x
37.98
31.67
161.36
170.14
..
..
..
x
282.61
264.72
..
..
x
517.01
426.17
..
..
x
410.20
376.54
140.85
321.28
x
477.42
432.07
192.01
489.93
x
706.86
453.97
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
5.97
14.47
x
36.47
74.30
x
33.14
74.12
x
32.81
161.32
..
54.42
175.35
234.93
96.65
327.20
355.18
58.58
242.12
273.07
66.63
..
294.10
81.45
..
298.31
..
38.51
16.46
..
x
..
37.27
128.16
..
x
..
32.84
129.10
145.60
x
35.94
34.35
240.10
253.17
..
..
..
x
312.00
273.98
..
..
x
482.66
374.78
..
..
x
402.99
348.47
108.21
296.69
x
491.96
419.41
168.79
358.28
x
693.38
419.48
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.52
0.01
0.40
0.11
4.28
3.89
0.38
0.01
5.52
4.94
0.54
0.03
5.67
5.18
0.49
-
4.61
4.60
0.01
3.32
3.32
0.00
4.42
4.42
0.00
2.43
2.43
0.00
3.29
3.29
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.04
0.04
-
0.06
0.06
-
0.10
0.10
-
0.14
0.14
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
PORTUGAL
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
412
1395
4669
6003
6367
5272
5061
2771
3753
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
404
8
122
3
257
-
356
125
231
-
377
162
40
20
155
-
540
191
212
110
27
-
487
289
198
-
x
x
14
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
8
3
-
1039
34
2
43
111
669
68
4292
177
1555
4
5463
265
1431
-
5880
343
19
5272
222
378
228
5061
1064
240
2771
609
221
3753
785
90
5
x
x
-
104
7
x
x
1
390
2112
x
54
-
727
2654
x
80
306
-
2846
156
2426
x
90
-
2314
144
1985
x
1
-
1894
1654
x
73
26
110
-
1405
483
x
53
-
2856
x
10
12
-
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
PORTUGAL
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
67
114
158
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
40
6
1
24
7
2
-
94
22
4
58
10
-
132
33
4
2
69
21
3
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
27
-
20
-
26
15
-
27
20
11
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
PORTUGAL
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
75.65
55.35
46.39
231.71
360.89
..
..
..
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
73.86
..
57.60
63.00
..
..
..
..
..
51.91
56.95
..
57.64
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
42.28
..
..
50.09
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
54.62
44.77
29.35
64.49
77.76
139.87
80.41
91.70
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
59.44
..
54.07
..
49.05
45.19
44.95
..
..
39.36
47.42
..
42.91
..
44.07
42.86
..
..
..
47.92
37.75
..
26.97
34.78
29.80
40.29
..
..
..
61.53
62.53
..
64.93
65.83
63.24
..
..
..
..
..
91.17
..
76.29
67.70
76.81
..
..
..
..
..
98.21
..
..
74.01
157.27
..
..
..
..
..
85.92
..
75.73
..
80.98
69.63
..
..
..
..
99.26
..
86.34
..
96.48
73.90
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
SLOVAK REPUBLIC*
35
120
30
100
25
80
20
60
15
40
10
20
5
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

14
14
12
12
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

35
60
30
50
25
Other use
40
20
30
15
20
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
22.17
11.37
7.70
2.23
0.27
0.09
0.16
0.35
-
28.36
11.71
10.71
3.31
0.26
1.68
0.28
0.41
-
30.47
11.19
6.42
7.27
0.25
4.48
0.23
0.64
-
25.35
6.10
4.03
8.25
0.59
6.14
0.57
-0.33
-
23.89
5.53
4.75
6.32
1.25
5.32
0.54
0.01
0.00
0.16
-
25.45
5.57
5.06
7.15
1.37
5.51
0.65
0.01
0.00 e
0.13
-
24.20
5.40
4.81
6.60
1.39
5.45
0.45
0.01
0.00
0.09
-0.00
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.89
-0.10
-1.07
7.20
-0.47
26.15
2.09
3.62
-
-0.90
-3.43
-1.18
-0.08
8.91
1.04
5.27
-7.72
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
25
0.87
4.6
4.78
155.2
353.7
101.5
12
..
e
e
e
e
e
1980
30
0.94
5.0
5.69
167.3
307.1
132.2
20
..
e
e
e
e
e
1990
35
0.87
5.3
5.75
155.3
253.3
140.5
25
86.6
e
e
e
e
e
2000
38
0.67
5.4
4.69
119.7
128.0
122.4
31
77.2
2009
58
0.41
5.4
4.41
73.8
75.9
84.0
26
119.1
2010
60
0.42
5.4
4.69
75.4
73.3
84.2
27
143.2
2011e
62
0.39
5.4
4.44
69.4
68.8
..
26
153.1
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.89
2.75
0.00
-3.54
0.78
0.12
1.10
-1.02
0.00
-3.54
-1.95
-6.01
1.93
-2.52
4.38
0.37
..
2.55
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
2.43
-
2.00
-
1.45
-
0.91
-
0.93
-
0.88
-
0.88
-
-1.62
-
-4.03
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
5.80
-
4.77
-
3.65
-
2.51
-
2.57
-
2.38
-
2.38
-
-1.63
-
-3.42
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
15.51
5.49
5.47
2.01
0.27
1.51
0.75
18.61
5.84
7.20
2.33
0.26
2.34
0.64
22.50
5.88
6.99
5.59
0.25
2.88
0.93
16.32
2.02
4.30
5.95
0.46
2.70
0.88
16.87
1.87
4.64
5.58
0.71
0.00
0.00
3.04
1.02
15.48
1.98
4.00
4.63
0.93
0.00
0.00
2.84
1.10
16.32
1.68
4.28
5.29
0.89
0.00
0.00
2.97
1.22
2.21
0.40
1.44
6.22
-0.47
3.85
1.22
-1.59
-6.06
-2.42
-0.28
6.58
0.15
1.37
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
8.06
3.80
2.07
0.88
0.27
1.02
0.03
9.06
2.50
4.03
0.65
0.26
1.58
0.02
8.69
2.71
1.96
1.90
0.25
1.84
0.03
5.19
1.60
0.31
1.60
0.46
1.20
0.03
5.21
1.38
0.38
1.35
0.45
1.54
0.10
4.46
1.15
0.19
1.08
0.59
1.32
0.12
4.61
1.13
0.16
1.27
0.56
1.34
0.15
0.45
-1.96
-0.31
4.67
-0.47
3.53
-0.84
-3.12
-4.26
-11.89
-2.01
4.10
-1.57
9.44
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
2.39
2.32
-
2.15
1.73
0.30
2.07
1.92
-
2.05
1.93
-
3.78
2.75
0.78
3.28
2.38
0.59
3.68
2.81
0.57
-0.86
-1.09
-
2.93
1.92
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.08
1.03
0.02
0.30
0.12
1.64
0.29
0.03
0.59
0.14
3.21
0.62
0.05
1.56
0.12
3.69
0.08
0.02
2.35
0.18
0.07
3.04
0.09
0.03
1.69
0.24
0.06
3.07
0.07
0.03
1.72
0.23
0.07
3.30
0.08
0.02
1.90
3.65
6.89
4.98
10.10
-3.79
0.13
-10.03
-4.79
1.00
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.19
0.52
0.77
0.47
0.29
0.44
3.95
2.65
0.41
0.54
0.45
0.53
5.22
2.36
0.34
1.90
0.00 e
0.67
0.58 e
3.14
0.27
0.02
1.94
0.05
0.56
0.63
2.77
0.33
0.01
1.30
0.06
0.54
0.65
2.78
0.70
0.03
0.82
0.06
0.54 e
0.70
3.01
0.40
0.03
1.20
5.24
0.07
11.89
8.53
0.87
1.46
-2.72
-8.50
-11.68
-2.24
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.13
0.17
0.70
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.15
0.36
0.05
0.11
0.20
0.30
0.33
2.29
0.05
2.25
-
0.00
0.65
0.26 e
1.95
0.05
1.90
-
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.83
0.28
1.86
0.07
1.38
0.42
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.87
0.32
1.71
0.06
1.27
0.38
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.98 e
0.36
1.54
0.07
1.16
0.30
5.04
3.86
7.20
10.64
-
6.19
0.38
-1.98
2.21
-3.23
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
2.4
8.9
-
2.4
9.0
-0.1
0.3
2.0
8.9
-0.1
0.5
1.5
5.0
-0.1
-0.2
0.9
4.8
-0.2
0.0
0.9
4.6
-0.4
0.5
0.9
4.6
-0.2
0.1
-1.1
-0.0
-
-4.0
-3.2
5.3
Primary supply
11.4
11.7
11.2
6.1
5.5
5.6
5.4
-0.1
-3.4
-1.9
-0.1
-0.0
0.0
-0.1
-0.1
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-4.0 e
-5.1 e
-4.6 e
-3.6 e
-3.0
-3.2
..
0.8
-1.8

-2.7
-2.7
-
-4.1
-3.5
-0.6
-3.3
-2.9
-0.5
-2.4
-2.1
-0.3
-1.8
-1.6
-0.2
-1.8
-1.6
-0.2
..
..
..
1.2
0.3
-
-3.0
-2.7
-4.6
Autoproducers
Gas works
-1.3 e
-0.6 e
-0.7
-
-1.0 e
-0.9 e
-0.1
-
-1.3 e
-1.2 e
-0.1
-
-1.2 e
-1.0 e
-0.2
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.6
-0.0
5.5
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
..
-1.1
-1.1
-0.0
-
-1.4
-1.3
-0.1
-
..
..
..
..
..
0.1
4.4
-11.8
-
0.3
0.4
-0.9
-
..
-0.6
-0.4
-0.5
-0.5
..
-1.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
..
5.8
5.9
2.0
2.0
1.7
..
0.4
-6.1
3.8
1.5 e
2.3
2.5
1.0 e
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.8
2.7
1.4 e
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.6
1.0 e
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
1.2
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.0
1.1
0.9
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-2.0
-0.4
-7.2
-4.3
-2.1
-24.5
-0.3
-12.8
-19.5
..
1.7
1.7
3.3
2.7
0.3
0.4
3.1
2.4
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.0
..
..
..
..
3.6
-13.9
-9.0
-8.5
-10.0
-21.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
..
2.2
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

SLOVAK REPUBLIC
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
3.97
2.21
2.21
1.24
1.24
0.08
-
2.74
1.98
1.68
0.30
0.65
0.39
0.01
0.12
0.03
0.10
0.12
-
2.06
1.33
1.12
0.21
0.68
0.36
0.20
0.11
0.01
0.05
-
2.25
1.54
1.33
0.21
0.70
0.46
0.17
0.06
0.01
0.00
-
2.03
1.08
0.93
0.15
0.61
0.37
0.19
0.05
0.01
0.32
0.02
1.94
0.77
0.66
0.11
0.55
0.31
0.17
0.07
0.00
0.61
0.01
1.67
0.71
0.62
0.09
0.50
0.33
0.16
0.01
0.44
0.02
-3.04
-0.91
-2.25
-5.27
-19.12
3.99
-
-2.44
-5.00
-4.87
-5.76
-1.23
-0.79
1.34
-4.10
6.71
-
2.18
2.15
0.03
0.03
-
3.14
2.92
0.18 e
0.04
0.04 e
- e
-
2.60
2.21
0.35 e
0.04
0.04 e
- e
-
2.74
2.35
0.38 e
0.01
0.01 e
- e
-
2.62
2.21
0.41
-
2.39
2.01
0.38
-
2.49
2.13
0.36
-
3.08
2.56
3.54
-
-1.15
-1.55
3.53
-
4.21
3.03
2.89
0.14
0.60
0.01
0.30
0.01
0.17
0.11
0.57
-
3.31
2.86
2.83
0.03
0.20
0.00
0.05
0.13
0.02
0.24
-
3.37
2.85
2.83
0.02
0.23
0.06
0.17
0.00
0.29
-
3.27
2.86
2.83
0.04
0.21
0.03
0.18
0.00
0.19
-
3.05
2.86
2.86
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.17
-
-0.57
-0.52
-1.23
-3.77
-9.77
6.72
-
-6.80
-1.33
-0.91
-22.28
-23.62
-12.08
-21.75
-29.58
-16.38
-
13.36
3.98
3.98
3.82
3.82
2.85
-
12.48
3.74
3.43
0.31
2.41
0.19
0.61
0.09
0.41
1.11
6.23
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
4.30
51.12
44.83
8.61
88.03
77.00
..
56.14
99.39
..
..
78.88
..
x
223.61
..
x
559.19
..
x
514.06
..
x
310.11
..
x
401.52
7.88
27.50
51.12
x
44.83
15.25
56.55
88.03
x
77.00
..
..
56.14
x
99.39
..
..
..
..
78.88
..
..
x
162.63
223.61
..
..
x
366.24
484.11
..
..
x
235.31
401.88
..
..
x
321.05
415.89
..
..
x
444.82
454.23
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
1.79
33.86
27.55
4.48
72.70
59.00
..
76.78
126.13
..
..
155.67
..
x
296.12
..
x
509.74
..
x
475.74
..
x
301.03
..
x
371.02
3.29
13.18
33.86
x
27.55
7.93
33.79
72.70
x
59.00
..
..
76.78
x
126.13
..
..
..
..
155.67
..
..
x
232.09
296.12
..
..
x
359.78
441.30
..
..
x
234.68
371.92
..
..
x
335.85
403.71
..
..
x
442.96
419.73
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
9.67
3.24
2.08
3.15
1.21
8.87
2.33
2.99
2.96
0.60
5.95
1.84
2.59
1.36
0.16
4.95
1.92
2.58
0.31
0.14
5.56
2.23
2.74
0.33
0.26
5.16
1.74
2.52
0.50
0.40
4.82
1.80
2.38
0.37
0.27
4.59
1.18
2.49
0.31
0.61
4.65
1.32
2.51
0.31
0.51
0.13
0.13
-
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.06
0.00
0.06
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.24
0.22
0.22
0.38
0.38
0.24
0.24

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
(2)
Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
13711
15381
12941
8355
5657
6000
5139
4411
4574
2180
-
2783
-
3132
-
2746
1683 e
1063 e
-
2596
901 e
669 e
-
2732
1586
579
290
-
2389
1526
333
370
-
2472
1557
445
309
-
2493
1292
355
571
-
x
x
2180
x
x
2783
x
3132
x
1026 e
-
x
180
97
-
x
113
47
-
x
153
8
-
x
189
86
-
3971
-
2691
-
2734
-
2186
547 e
226 e
-
2255
931 e
286 e
-
2531
22
227
2
1970
366
113
-
1326
279
2
96
-
1479
373
123
-
x
x
3971
x
x
2691
x
2734
x
1413 e
-
x
579 e
459 e
-
x
1968
163
149
x
1464
27
-
x
863
29
57
x
825
158
-
7560
9907
7075
3423
806
737
780
613
602
x
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SLOVENIA*

12
120
10
100
80
60
40
20
1995
Coal
Oil
2000
2005
Natural Gas
Nuclear
2011e
0
1990
Renewables
2000
2005
Production
Exports
2011e
0
1990

18
16
16
14
14
12
12
10
10
2
1995
Coal
Oil
2000
Natural Gas
2005
Hydro
Nuclear
2011e
Other
1995
2005
2010
Other use
0
1990
1995
Coal
2011e
Coal/population
2000

Industry
Coal supply
Imports
18
0
1990
2005
1995
2000
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
0
1990
1995
2000
Oil
2005
Natural Gas
2010
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1990
SLOVENIA
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
8.16
2.25
2.47
1.09
0.38
1.72
0.36
-0.12
-
9.16
1.87
3.38
1.18
0.65
1.77
0.47
-0.16
-
10.13
2.03
3.68
1.19
0.87
2.14
0.58
0.01
0.01
-0.38
-
10.30
2.03
3.63
1.23
0.96
2.11
0.55
0.04
0.01
-0.26
-
10.34
2.04
3.66
1.05
0.94
2.31
0.44
0.04
0.02
-0.16
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.17
-0.50
1.93
0.62
4.72
1.02
2.15
3.90
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1980
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1990
25
0.33
2.0
4.08
112.3
146.9
104.1
12
..
2000
30
0.31
2.0
4.61
105.0
101.4
98.6
14
86.2
2009
39
0.26
2.0
4.96
90.2
85.9
82.2
16
96.0
2010
39
0.26
2.0
5.03
90.5
84.7
85.9
16
101.9
2011e
39
0.27
2.1
5.03
91.0
85.2
..
16
104.5
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
x
2.27
x
-1.08
x
0.13
x
1.04
x
-1.08
x
-2.72
x
-0.95
x
1.34
x
..
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
x
x
x
x
1.93
-
1.52
-
1.69
-
1.66
-
1.66
-
1.68
-
x
x
x
x
-0.76
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
x
x
x
x
5.58
-
4.48
-
4.54
-
4.43
-
4.43
-
4.50
-
x
x
x
x
-1.15
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
SLOVENIA
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
5.28
0.33
2.14
1.02
0.38
1.14
0.27
6.64
0.13
3.33
0.98
0.62
1.29
0.28
7.86
0.12
4.22
1.05
0.63
1.57
0.26
7.13
0.08
3.66
0.95
0.78
0.01
0.01
1.39
0.26
7.35
0.08
3.62
1.00
0.86
0.04
0.01
1.47
0.27
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.67
-6.71
2.67
-0.11
4.21
1.30
0.01
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
2.18
0.18
0.32
0.81
0.09
0.73
0.06
2.03
0.12
0.39
0.70
0.11
0.68
0.04
2.12
0.12
0.25
0.75
0.13
0.78
0.10
1.74
0.08
0.22
0.64
0.11
0.61
0.08
1.83
0.08
0.18
0.69
0.13
0.67
0.08
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-0.88
-4.13
-2.80
-0.80
2.11
-0.42
1.57
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.29
1.26
-
1.74
1.70
-
2.89
2.83
-
2.48
2.42
-
2.51
2.43
-
x
x
x
x
3.39
3.32
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.03
1.36
0.16
0.54
0.04
0.03
1.61
0.01
0.55
0.08
0.04
0.02
1.59
0.45
0.15
0.04
0.02
1.73
0.42
0.15
0.06
0.02
1.82
0.44
0.16
x
x
x
x
x
x
-1.28
1.49
-1.00
7.46
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.21
0.27
0.13
0.42
0.16
0.51
0.32
0.13
0.75
0.35
0.03
0.46
0.39
0.14
0.71
0.28
0.02
0.62
0.01
0.01
0.39
0.14
0.71
0.27
0.03
0.66
0.01
0.01
0.40
0.14
0.73
0.24
0.03
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
5.77
1.85
0.41
2.78
-7.45
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.01
0.01
-
0.00
0.26
0.11
0.34
0.17
0.17
0.00
0.38
0.02
0.40
0.01
0.26
0.14
0.00
0.37
0.04
0.33
0.00
0.19
0.13
0.00
0.01
0.38
0.05
0.30
0.01
0.18
0.11
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-14.55
6.88
-2.29
16.71
13.72
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SLOVENIA
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1.9
0.2
-0.0
0.1
1.5
0.4
-0.0
-0.0
1.7
0.4
-0.0
0.0
1.7
0.4
-0.0
1.7
0.4
-0.0
-0.0
x
x
x
-0.8
2.9
-
Primary supply
2.3
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.0
-0.5
-0.3
0.0
-0.0
0.0
..
-1.6 e
-1.8
-1.9
-2.0
..
1.0

x
x
x
x
x
x
-1.6
-1.6
-0.0
-1.8
-1.8
-0.0
-1.9
-1.9
-0.0
-2.0
-2.0
-0.0
..
..
..
x
x
x
1.1
1.1
-2.0
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.0
..
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-0.0 e
-0.0 e
-
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
..
Losses
-0.0
..
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
-6.7
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.2
0.0 e
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
x
-4.1
-7.7
-2.4
1.3
-7.2
Transport(7)
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.2
0.2
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
Non-energy use
0.0
0.0
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

SLOVENIA
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.26
0.23
0.23
0.03
0.01
0.02
-
0.45
0.36
0.35
0.02
0.08
0.06
0.01
0.01
-
0.61
0.49
0.47
0.02
0.11
0.04
0.07
0.00
0.01
0.60
0.49
0.46
0.03
0.11
0.06
0.05
0.00
0.49
0.42
0.39
0.02
0.08
0.03
0.05
0.00
-
0.52
0.44
0.42
0.02
0.08
0.01
0.07
0.00
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
3.49
3.27
3.03
4.85
-10.87
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
5.83
5.07
4.99
0.08
0.28
0.02
0.00
0.08
0.17
0.45
-
4.48
4.47
4.47
0.01
0.01
0.00
-
4.58
4.58
4.58
-
4.60
4.60
4.60
-
4.45
4.45
4.45
-
4.40
4.40
4.39
0.01
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-1.39
-0.71
-0.63
-10.98
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
SLOVENIA
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
277.70
..
..
..
..
514.16
509.83
..
..
..
373.47
444.01
..
..
..
464.78
466.82
..
..
..
603.75
527.72
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
x
x
x
x
x
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
306.24
..
..
..
..
482.31
448.36
..
..
..
368.67
410.91
..
..
..
481.25
453.14
..
..
..
595.09
487.64
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.23
0.02
0.00
0.14
0.07
0.27
0.02
0.18
0.01
0.06
0.35
0.01
0.27
0.07
0.48
0.04
0.38
0.05
0.63
0.06
0.45
0.08
0.03
0.37
0.03
0.25
0.06
0.03
0.40
0.02
0.32
0.03
0.03
0.37
0.02
0.27
0.05
0.03
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.02
0.02
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SLOVENIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
254
361
448
593
539
575
527
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
253
-
328
-
448
8
-
593
22
1
11
12
429
11
2
5
517
9
2
13
442
29
1
7
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
253
307
x
21
427
x
13
1
2
501
x
41
2
380
x
23
8
450
x
7
11
25
356
x
5
9
35
33
110
58
85
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SLOVENIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
20
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
13
13
-
5
5
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
7
-
1
-
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SLOVENIA
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
..
..
..
..
..
112.88
..
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
114.24
180.69
159.08
160.43
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
94.93
..
..
131.81
..
110.18
114.08
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
157.58
187.38
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
151.37
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
144.12
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
SLOVENIA
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
..
..
..
..
..
139.83
..
..
Exports to:
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other OECD
Non-OECD
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
139.83
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Steam coal(2,3)
..
..
..
..
139.87
291.75
..
2686.80
..
Exports to:
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other OECD
Non-OECD
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
139.87
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
291.75
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2658.16
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3230.80
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
SPAIN*
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Production
Exports

Industry
Coal supply
Imports

350
400
300
350
Other use
300
250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
SPAIN
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
73.67
12.85
53.72
1.35
0.02
2.44
3.55
-0.25
-
96.71
17.75
71.11
2.08
0.38
1.93
3.63
-0.17
-
128.69
27.55
64.96
7.10
5.81
20.20
3.12
0.01
0.00
-0.05
-
2000
174.24
29.91
88.72
21.74
5.90
23.16
3.63 e
0.01
0.63
0.55
-
2009
2010
2011e
182.08
14.51
86.24
44.59
9.14
19.64
3.23
0.02
5.70
-1.00
-
182.48
10.96
83.09
44.54
9.74
23.08
5.19
0.02
6.88
-1.02
-
179.85
17.03
80.01
41.33
10.49
21.46
3.76
0.02
6.50
-0.75
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
3.34
4.59
1.12
10.26
40.22
13.25
-0.76
-8.81
-
1.76
-4.50
1.24
9.62
2.62
0.67
2.58
7.62
48.72
16.11
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
468
0.16
35.0
2.11
87.9
105.9
58.9
76
55.6
1980
547
0.18
37.7
2.57
98.6
125.0
76.6
109
65.6
1990
731
0.18
39.0
3.30
98.2
145.2
80.4
151
79.1
2000
963
0.18
40.3
4.33
100.9
119.7
91.3
222
97.8
2009
1183
0.15
45.9
3.96
85.9
47.3
99.9
292
82.8
2010
1182
0.15
46.1
3.96
86.1
35.7
102.9
300
83.5
2011e
1190
0.15
46.0
3.91
84.3
55.1
..
290
82.3
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.66
2.43
0.66
-0.65
0.65
0.83
2.67
0.92
0.66
-0.65
1.88
-6.77
1.84
1.25
4.15
3.48
2.10
0.27
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
1.87
7.86
1.38
-
0.28
12.12
4.38
-
9.23
2.15
-
7.27
1.68
-
5.18
-
4.33
-
3.28
-
-14.69
3.68
10.09
-
-5.01
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
1.80
12.63
5.22
-
0.28
19.03
16.37
-
14.95
8.52
-
11.89
7.59
-
9.45
-
8.43
-
6.62
-
-14.39
3.48
9.99
-
-3.99
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
SPAIN
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
55.06
5.94
41.23
0.64
7.25
-
68.74
3.96
52.48
1.03
0.24
11.03
-
86.59
4.85
54.50
6.18
5.60
0.01
15.46
-
122.13
1.95
74.51
17.56
4.90
0.01
0.04
23.15
-
141.61
1.96
78.81
21.52
6.10
0.02
0.18
33.02
-
131.49
1.25
72.87
19.11
6.93
0.02
0.22
31.08
-
133.85
1.40
71.41
21.06
7.70
0.02
0.26
32.01
-
2.70
-1.19
1.66
14.27
4.55
-
2.20
-6.04
1.36
6.32
1.60
7.62
3.71
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
24.58
5.13
14.22
0.56
4.66
-
26.88
3.11
16.03
0.86
0.24
6.63
-
27.51
4.02
8.23
4.85
2.64
7.77
-
35.20
1.59
8.16
13.07
1.86
0.00
10.52
-
36.70
1.51
7.54
13.35
2.10
0.00
12.19
-
30.63
0.93
6.75
10.75
2.24
0.00
9.95
-
32.61
1.10
7.01
11.80
2.44
0.00
0.00
10.25
-
0.67
-1.42
-3.17
13.52
3.05
-
0.85
-6.29
-0.80
4.54
-0.38
1.39
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
15.50
0.02
15.30
-
21.54
0.01
21.29
-
30.40
29.95
-
43.15
42.52
0.01
52.61
51.22
0.09
49.25
47.21
0.12
48.41
45.83
0.13
4.04
4.03
-
2.35
2.15
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.18
5.18
0.71
3.07
0.06
0.23
7.33
0.73
4.08
0.12
0.45
13.08
0.75
5.09
0.55
0.10
0.51
17.12
0.28
5.78
2.82
0.88
0.40
22.52
0.25
5.03
5.16
1.53
0.39
22.63
0.24
4.74
5.24
2.05
0.40
23.48
0.19
4.79
5.75
5.60
5.59
0.34
3.02
13.52
-0.61
2.97
-6.58
-0.31
12.41
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.33
1.96
0.08
0.95
0.01
2.40
3.10
0.11
1.44
0.04
2.96
3.71
4.88
0.06
1.49
0.23
2.93
0.01
0.14
8.99
13.79
0.03
2.08
1.19
2.96
0.01
0.18
9.26
14.01
0.02
2.03
1.28
2.99
0.01
0.21
9.53
14.46
0.04
2.02
1.41
6.21
5.50
-1.08
2.67
18.34
0.05
4.83
5.59
-2.00
1.51
9.43
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.92
4.80
4.80
-
1.50
6.58
6.58
-
0.00
3.08
8.34
7.81
0.53
0.13
0.00
0.04
10.32
10.99
0.12
10.31
0.56
0.13
0.00
0.04
10.50
10.22
9.67
0.54
0.14
0.00
0.04
10.82
10.05
9.38
0.67
7.39
3.30
2.90
-
9.97
6.48
0.93
0.92
1.15

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
2.85
0.03
5.36
9.57
0.08 e
2.41
0.85
0.07
0.00
0.01
6.15
13.42
12.74
0.68
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SPAIN
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
9.3
3.1
-0.0
0.6
14.0
5.9
-0.0
-2.2
16.8
10.1
-0.0
0.7
11.4
19.1
-0.7
0.2
5.2
14.1
-1.3
-3.5
4.3
11.2
-1.6
-3.0
3.3
13.9
-1.4
1.2
3.6
7.3
9.7
-6.5
0.5
19.8
Primary supply
12.9
17.8
27.5
29.9
14.5
11.0
17.0
4.6
-4.5
1.2
0.0
-0.1
0.7
0.2
0.8
..
-7.4 e
-12.9 e
-22.0 e
-28.3 e
-12.7 e
-9.5 e
..
6.6
-4.1

-4.3
-4.3
-
-11.2
-11.1
-0.1
-20.3
-20.1
-0.2
-26.7
-26.4
-0.3
-12.2
-12.0
-0.1
-8.7
-8.5
-0.2
..
..
..
9.5
9.5
-
-4.2
-4.2
-0.2
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
..
-0.2
-10.1
-3.5 e
-2.3 e
-1.3
-0.0
-2.3 e
-1.6 e
-0.7
0.0 e
-2.2 e
-1.4 e
-0.8
0.0
-1.7 e
-1.0 e
-0.7
-
-0.6 e
-0.7 e
0.1
-
-0.8 e
-0.9 e
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
..
-2.9
-2.8
-2.9
-
-4.6
-2.4
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.7
-0.8
-0.5
-0.4
-0.7
-0.8
..
-1.7
2.3
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
..
5.9
4.0
4.8
2.0
1.3
1.4
..
-1.2
-6.0
5.1
3.1 e
0.4
1.6
3.1
2.3 e
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.2
4.0
1.9 e
0.2
1.6
0.0
0.2
1.6
1.0 e
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.9
0.6 e
0.2
0.0
0.2
1.1
0.8 e
0.2
0.0
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.4
-2.9
-3.9
-10.4
-6.3
-4.4
-0.4
-17.8
-4.2
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.8
0.1
0.7
-
0.8
0.1
0.7
-
0.8
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.1
..
..
..
..
0.3
-1.1
0.3
-
-5.0
-2.0
-6.6
9.2
..
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use
0.4
0.1 e
0.3
-

IEA/OECD, 2012

SPAIN
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
11.30
9.71
9.58
0.13
0.06
0.30
0.78
0.31
0.23
0.18
0.00
0.08
0.38
-
25.79
22.92
22.84
0.08
0.01
0.02
2.33
0.30
0.14
1.78
0.06
0.05
0.58
-
33.70
32.62
32.43
0.19
0.57 e
0.65
0.11 e
0.06
0.47
- e
0.30
-
33.47
31.71 e
31.63
0.08 e
0.51 e
0.73
0.20 e
0.25
0.18
0.10 e
0.38
-
22.96
21.36
21.13
0.22
0.53 e
0.69
0.14 e
0.24
0.28
0.04 e
0.36
-
17.18
15.67
15.43
0.24
0.25 e
0.25
0.02 e
0.20
0.03
- e
0.38
-
12.16
10.97
10.71
0.26
0.56 e
0.38
0.12 e
0.22
0.04
- e
0.35
-
7.12
7.42
7.51
-4.23
-18.93
-18.94
9.49
-0.16
-3.99
21.25
33.31
-3.32
3.53
-
-3.69
-3.62
-3.72
6.23
-8.66
-4.52
2.41
-17.38
-2.48
-
4.86
4.86
-
4.46
4.46
-
3.56
3.64
-
3.46
3.60
-
3.45
3.47
-
2.50
2.33
-
2.50
2.65
-
-0.73
-0.73
-
-2.85
-2.57
-
5.20
5.20
5.20
-
16.58
16.58
16.58
-
8.40
8.40
8.40
-
7.56
7.58
7.58
-
10.15
10.15
10.15
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
SPAIN
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
42.60
65.54
60.18
..
106.42
118.39
..
130.25
129.93
..
169.30
128.33
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
68.57
65.54
..
100.39
..
c
106.42
..
127.20
..
c
130.25
130.63
123.77
..
c
138.84
169.30
136.41
..
c
..
278.37
197.69
..
c
..
476.63
378.46
..
c
..
339.80
337.39
..
c
..
416.86
303.66
..
c
..
543.46
341.20
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Euro / unit)(2)
Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
15.43
40.57
35.67
..
87.60
93.31
..
131.01
125.12
..
246.67
179.02
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
32.38
40.57
..
59.50
..
c
87.60
..
100.25
..
c
131.01
131.39
119.19
..
c
202.29
246.67
190.29
..
c
..
300.92
204.61
..
c
..
437.79
332.83
..
c
..
328.45
312.24
..
c
..
422.63
294.77
..
c
..
524.50
315.28
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
3.63
0.24
3.14
0.00
0.24
10.15
5.48
4.29
0.00
0.39
12.38
8.00
3.32
0.24
0.82
19.07
15.09
3.84
0.13
21.19
17.40
3.66
0.13
17.91
14.26
3.45
0.20
14.15
12.02
2.01
0.12
11.21
8.26
2.75
0.20
13.86
11.22
2.48
0.16
0.01
0.01
-
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.08
0.08
0.72
0.72
0.59
0.59
2.11
1.51
0.61
1.32
1.13
0.19
1.59
1.23
0.36
1.36
0.98
0.02
0.36

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SPAIN
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
3382
8418
10456
13889
21649
24756
17038
12817
16168
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
3029
454
68
395
1369
743
-
4090
996
637
2401
56
4169
672
364
234
2899
-
3244
879
389
58
1916
2
3755
1388
383
1912
-
3571
1682
285
99
1273
-
2058
627
43
1380
-
2777
1272
60
1
1384
-
2505
1463
43
999
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
72
-
178
x
54
-
8
x
-
60
x
-
x
-
353
12
27
4328
407
172
2
379
5
855
9
6287
271
43
16
153
275
90
10645
110
53
103
2314
136
17894
1627
102
313
27
585
39
21185
1433
16
169
28
4
227
12
14980
524
20
25
249
15
10040
400
1
80
12
16
481
18
13663
533
103
76
13
19
527
101
114
196
x
x
4
134
2274
91
x
x
-
404
4667
x
285
53
30
665
1089
6037
x
138
-
191
1112
2804
9180
x
1496
29
389
-
47
1938
3784
8736
x
4235
450
91
15
-
6
2794
4633
4201
x
1915
145
113
340
7
2796
2411
2584
x
852
322
54
6
7
3647
3312
3065
x
1852
298
110
-
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SPAIN
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
10
1374
1488
1175
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
10
10
-
5
2
3
-
3
3
-
1352
3
2
10
1234
8
6
22
22
45
-
1288
1
4
1172
2
11
28
70
-
1049
2
4
55
14
846
3
17
2
28
17
61
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
14
14
-
29
14
15
-
126
35
45
15
2
29
171
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SPAIN
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
62.38
58.59
49.11
116.50
124.87
211.23
184.13
217.85
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
59.85
..
..
59.09
63.21
..
..
..
..
..
52.80
57.34
..
51.07
61.65
..
..
..
..
..
46.17
48.43
..
..
53.22
..
..
..
..
30.40
110.07
141.45
..
135.89
116.42
137.51
..
..
..
..
125.17
142.00
..
..
122.09
..
..
..
..
..
238.36
259.29
..
..
160.69
344.75
..
..
..
..
232.74
..
..
130.38
163.34
..
244.67
..
..
..
240.31
178.78
..
..
200.96
..
172.03
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
44.74
43.24
32.03
62.94
74.06
128.55
85.30
96.14
..
52.89
..
..
102.86
44.32
..
48.08
..
43.00
42.90
50.56
..
..
..
38.79
..
46.44
39.04
44.04
46.33
33.83
..
..
38.10
31.62
36.51
30.43
28.63
31.91
33.96
93.53
64.94
..
114.05
46.84
93.42
63.06
49.68
65.12
65.99
79.48
403.91
..
142.48
126.87
..
72.34
57.17
75.14
92.84
158.54
142.45
..
214.64
125.44
..
..
78.56
138.56
156.74
103.14
462.40
..
181.26
87.64
..
90.93
75.72
89.96
83.10
163.85
460.06
..
164.60
108.71
..
101.33
68.31
99.04
97.41
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
IEA/OECD, 2012
SWEDEN*
80
200
70
180
160
60
140
50
120
40
100
30
80
60
20
40
10
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

5
6
5
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

180
100
160
90
140
80
Other use
70
120
60
100
50
80
40
60
30
40
20
20
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
SWEDEN
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
55.49
2.33
39.87
5.06
0.79
7.36
0.09
-
57.84
2.43
32.34
5.90
9.86
7.23
0.07
-
67.43
4.22
20.43
0.82
7.87
25.38
8.91
0.01
-0.22
-
67.94
3.50
19.39
1.11
11.80
21.34
9.65
0.06
0.57
0.51
64.87
2.75
16.93
1.56
14.83
19.42
8.09
0.32
0.58
0.39
73.26
3.56
19.85
2.08
17.00
21.53
8.16
0.45
0.26
0.39
70.57
3.48
19.22
1.65
15.48
22.36
8.14
0.76
-0.89
0.37
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.15
3.57
-3.86
2.63
22.68
1.13
x
-
0.42
-0.85
-0.14
4.74
3.93
-0.82
-0.44
24.84
x
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
188
0.30
8.1
6.82
148.6
122.4
104.5
78
51.2
1980
212
0.27
8.3
6.96
137.0
113.2
113.4
96
50.9
1990
264
0.26
8.6
7.88
128.5
158.1
129.3
146
64.3
2000
325
0.21
8.9
7.66
105.3
106.5
112.5
145
92.3
2009
377
0.17
9.3
6.98
86.6
72.2
92.8
137
85.9
2010
400
0.18
9.4
7.81
92.1
87.8
93.0
149
93.3
2011e
416
0.17
9.4
7.50
85.4
82.7
..
153
98.6
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.02
2.10
-0.85
-1.65
0.30
0.46
0.85
-0.04
-0.85
-1.65
1.52
-2.90
1.26
-1.63
3.75
0.09
1.35
1.88
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.01
-
0.01
0.23
0.23
0.30
0.30
0.34
0.24
-3.07
-
1.90
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
0.02
-
0.01
0.58
0.54
0.71
0.70
0.80
0.56
-3.07
-
1.59

IEA/OECD, 2012
SWEDEN
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
49.74
1.48
34.83
4.94
8.50
-
49.43
1.31
28.81
5.51
10.43
3.37
45.88
1.53
20.02
0.48
6.62
0.00
14.79
2.44
50.42
1.10
20.25
0.63
7.55
0.01
15.81
5.07
47.51
1.19
16.49
0.68
7.52
0.01
15.81
5.80
45.54
0.67
15.16
0.66
7.79
0.01
15.16
6.08
50.33
1.21
16.04
0.91
8.70
0.01
16.12
7.34
-0.47
0.22
-3.20
1.74
3.31
-
0.46
-1.17
-1.10
3.26
1.37
6.07
0.43
5.67
18.95
1.22
8.68
4.19
4.86
-
17.07
1.13
6.64
4.32
4.98
-
16.94
1.37
3.09
0.36
5.25
6.63
0.24
19.54
1.04
4.39
0.43
6.19
7.00
0.49
16.56
1.14
1.86
0.41
5.52
7.08
0.54
15.05
0.63
1.53
0.28
5.75
6.32
0.55
17.26
1.17
1.66
0.47
6.63
6.68
0.64
-0.66
0.72
-5.90
1.33
1.84
-
0.10
-0.79
-3.05
1.36
1.18
0.04
5.08
7.52
7.27
-
8.33
0.00
8.05
-
9.88
9.57
-
10.56
10.15
0.01
11.21
10.37
0.03
10.96
10.09
0.03
11.16
10.25
0.04
1.62
1.63
-
0.61
0.34
-
0.26
15.35
0.20
12.47
-
0.28
13.93
0.08
9.51
-
0.30
9.35
0.02
2.20
0.05
0.39
10.42
0.04
1.25
0.11
0.52
0.29
9.48
0.02
0.14
0.06 e
0.55
0.30
9.93
0.01
0.11
0.09
0.57
0.30
10.80
0.01
0.10
0.11
1.03
-2.88
-11.78
-9.71
-
-0.14
0.72
-4.48
-14.30
4.21
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.74
1.93
1.41
0.04
-
1.18
3.16
1.93
0.03
0.02
-
0.90
0.00
4.68
1.49
5.72
0.01
1.93
0.05
0.88
0.01
5.16
2.97
6.28
0.00
1.50
0.05
0.97
0.01
4.78
3.51
5.89
0.01
0.48
0.14 e
0.98
0.01
5.03
3.69
6.05
0.01
0.78
0.07
0.98
0.01
4.97
4.62
7.11
0.01
0.86
0.08
1.15
5.34
8.59
24.93
-
0.40
6.07
0.30
5.82
1.10
-2.72
-3.95
2.65
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.37
3.11
0.06
3.06
-
0.01
1.87
2.24
0.06
2.18
-
0.02
2.99
0.71
2.76
0.06
2.70
-
0.02
3.12
1.60
2.47
0.02
2.45
-
0.06
3.45
1.75
3.33
0.03
3.31
-
0.06
3.29
1.84
2.51
0.02
2.35
0.15
0.06
4.02
2.07
3.01
0.02
2.82
0.17
4.72
-0.71
0.32
-0.73
-
4.99
1.49
5.52
0.44
-4.93
0.22
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SWEDEN
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
0.0
2.4
-0.0
-0.1
0.0
2.5
-0.1
0.0
0.2
3.8
-0.0
0.2
0.2
3.5
-0.0
-0.2
0.3
2.2
-0.3
0.5
0.3
3.7
-0.0
-0.4
0.2
3.4
-0.0
-0.1
19.5
2.7
3.5
1.8
-0.2
-1.2
Primary supply
2.3
2.4
4.2
3.5
2.8
3.6
3.5
3.6
-0.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.4
..
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-0.7 e
-0.9 e
-2.5 e
-2.3 e
-2.0
-2.5 e
..
7.5
-0.0

-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
-1.6
-1.6
-0.0
-1.1
-1.0
-0.1
-1.0
-1.0
-0.0
-1.3
-1.1
-0.2
..
..
..
19.8
19.7
-
-1.2
-1.9
13.8
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
..
-6.0
-3.6
-0.8 e
-0.8 e
-0.0
-
-0.9 e
-0.7 e
-0.2
-
-0.9 e
-0.7 e
-0.2
-
-1.2 e
-0.8 e
-0.4
-
-1.0
-0.6
-0.4
-
-1.2 e
-0.8 e
-0.5
-
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
-0.8
11.2
-
1.5
0.6
3.6
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.1 e
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
..
3.6
1.0
Losses
-0.1 e
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
..
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.1
0.7
1.2
..
0.2
-1.2
1.2
0.7 e
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
1.1
0.6 e
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
1.4
0.6 e
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.3
1.0
0.5 e
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
1.2
0.7 e
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
-1.4
9.6
2.8
16.8
0.8
-0.8
1.5
-6.8
-2.9
-10.6
-2.0
Transport(7)
0.0
..
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.2
0.2
-
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-4.2
-11.8
-
-8.5
-2.7
-4.5
-
Non-energy use
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
0.3
-4.9

IEA/OECD, 2012

SWEDEN
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.34
0.02
0.02
0.30
0.02
0.01
0.19
0.00
0.08
0.00
0.03
2.19
1.19
1.17
0.01
0.18 e
0.74
0.05 e
0.03
0.39
0.10
0.18 e
0.07
0.02
1.09
0.50
0.49
0.01
0.27 e
0.50
0.04 e
0.25
0.03
0.17 e
-
1.22
0.42
0.42
0.00
0.42 e
0.57
0.11 e
0.25
0.04
0.18 e
-
1.19
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.44 e
0.56
0.09 e
0.28
0.02
0.17 e
-
0.99
0.34
0.34
0.28
0.39
0.02
0.21
0.01
0.14
-
0.99
0.44
0.44
0.31 e
0.53
0.12 e
0.23
0.01
0.18 e
-
16.72
43.16
43.02
7.88
6.32
9.89
6.43
33.48
7.07
33.66
-3.02
-3.90
-4.86
-4.80
2.73
-1.66
4.69
-2.68
-10.69
-0.06
-
1.23
1.23
-
1.52
1.52
-
1.77
1.77
-
1.85
1.85
-
1.59
1.96
-
1.44
1.55
-
1.87
1.85
-
1.77
1.77
-
1.05
1.00
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
SWEDEN
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
50.00
67.15
..
..
77.87
..
..
94.34
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
77.55
64.11
80.71
..
..
92.56
..
x
270.45
..
..
..
x
134.82
..
..
..
x
320.71
..
..
..
x
623.71
..
..
..
x
903.35
603.94
..
..
x
717.42
455.29
..
..
x
842.81
515.45
..
..
x
1048.50
629.23
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Swedish crowns / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
215
416
..
..
632
..
..
923
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
321
267
500
..
..
502
..
x
2195
..
..
..
x
1319
..
..
..
x
4029
..
..
..
x
6391
..
..
..
x
8173
5123
..
..
x
7530
4480
..
..
x
8324
4773
..
..
x
9321
5244
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
1.88
0.26
1.21
0.41
3.81
2.05
1.35
0.00
0.10
0.31
3.99
1.67
1.71
0.13
0.47
3.47
1.19
1.86
0.10
0.32
3.68
1.17
2.00
0.13
0.38
3.28
1.12
1.70
0.16
0.31
2.20
0.78
1.09
0.19
0.14
3.67
0.96
2.31
0.16
0.24
3.38
1.36
1.65
0.16
0.21
0.12
0.03
0.09
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.07
0.00
0.07
0.03
0.00
0.03
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.27
0.01
0.26
0.03
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.00
0.02

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SWEDEN
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
1545
4868
3545
3499
3092
3203
1898
3285
3076
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1239
78
99
231
71
5
338
-
1834
140
278
30
224
1074
65
1315
449 e
102 e
764 e
-
1674
535
179
950
10
1814
990
54
570
-
1955
1000
22
462
1
1069
745
324
-
2258
1373
529
-
1616
963
653
-
417
x
x
-
2
x
x
21
x
-
x
200
-
x
470
-
x
-
x
356
-
x
-
306
8
42
174
30
-
3034
614
4
1292
71
343
96
2228
187
1
6
7
732
103
117
8
e
e
1278
83
698
15
25
56
1248
370
3
127
2
30
118
829
120
63
5
74
1027
73
1
178
24
49
1460
135
14
240
4
44
52
x
x
-
183
19
407
x
x
5
8
108
x
573
375
3
6 e
20 e
x
455
19 e
198 e
-
120
x
271
10
-
x
377
168
53
-
1
x
419
107
29
11
x
300
336
66
-
x
636
382
5
-
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
e
e
e
e
x
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
1825
44
2
1000
55
26
e
e
e

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SWEDEN
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
60.87
53.95
94.31
65.83
138.31
..
88.55
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
65.10
..
..
55.47
61.89
..
..
..
..
47.54
52.52
..
..
57.84
..
..
..
..
..
31.94
..
..
..
96.64
..
..
..
..
..
65.37
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
65.83
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
138.31
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
88.55
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
55.37
49.38
111.18
124.51
227.64
157.77
189.34
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
67.27
..
..
48.74
66.14
..
53.77
..
61.06
43.13
55.29
49.62
..
41.89
58.19
..
45.79
..
..
31.04
152.75
..
..
75.95
91.28
..
..
..
..
74.35
161.71
..
..
84.84
138.55
..
..
..
..
85.79
328.87
..
3000.00
239.79
181.58
..
..
..
..
139.75
197.49
..
..
106.87
141.83
..
..
..
95.94
108.32
231.84
..
..
115.81
214.20
..
..
..
..
134.59
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
SWITZERLAND*
45
120
40
100
35
30
80
25
60
20
15
40
10
20
5
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

0.8
1.2
0.7
1.0
0.6
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
01
0.1
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0.0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

80
50
70
45
Other use
40
60
35
50
30
40
25
20
30
15
20
10
10
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
SWITZERLAND
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
27.01
0.47
20.64
0.21
0.34
2.35
3.43
-0.43
-
28.62
0.47
17.87
1.24
0.67
5.35
4.03
-1.01
-
34.74
0.51
17.51
2.33
2.05
8.83
3.66
0.10
0.01
-0.26
-
35.73
0.20
15.75
3.48
2.59
9.88
4.53
0.15
0.03
-0.87
0.00
38.53
0.21
16.45
3.85
3.18
10.35
4.39
0.30
0.06
-0.27
0.00
37.44
0.22
14.78
4.30
3.35
9.85
4.43
0.37
0.08
0.06
0.00
36.45
0.22
14.33
3.81
3.29
9.99
3.95
0.46
0.09
0.32
0.00
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.49
0.52
-0.96
15.14
11.06
8.10
0.39
-2.94
-
0.37
-4.17
-0.84
3.11
2.48
0.55
0.96
6.87
10.32
x
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
246
0.11
6.4
4.19
110.2
327.9
76.5
37
63.6
1980
252
0.11
6.4
4.48
114.1
319.3
90.9
48
64.2
1990
314
0.11
6.8
5.11
111.2
281.2
97.2
55
78.3
2000
349
0.10
7.2
4.96
102.9
96.8
97.5
66
99.0
2009
401
0.10
7.8
4.94
96.6
92.2
93.2
67
110.1
2010
412
0.09
7.8
4.81
91.4
91.5
94.3
66
117.1
2011e
419
0.09
7.8
4.69
87.4
91.8
..
63
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1.43
1.36
0.06
-0.98
0.32
0.68
1.17
-0.31
0.06
-0.98
-0.90
-5.46
1.42
-0.15
2.39
0.92
1.23
2.03
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat

IEA/OECD, 2012
SWITZERLAND
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
23.81
0.60
19.15
0.16
0.34
3.56
-
23.74
0.47
17.20
1.01
0.46
4.33
0.27
26.66
0.50
16.57
2.12
1.23
0.10
0.01
5.77
0.36
27.97
0.20
16.17
3.12
1.42
0.15
0.03
6.43
0.45
29.48
0.23
15.85
3.70
1.61
0.28
0.04
7.21
0.56
28.82
0.21
15.39
3.55
1.69
0.30
0.06
7.06
0.55
30.07
0.22
15.73
3.94
1.81
0.37
0.06
7.34
0.59
0.67
-0.99
-0.85
16.62
7.76
2.88
-
0.60
-4.07
-0.26
3.14
1.96
6.87
9.23
1.21
2.56
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
5.71
0.16
4.16
0.02
1.36
-
5.55
0.32
3.05
0.50
0.17
1.46
0.04
4.75
0.44
1.07
0.83
0.22
0.01
0.00
2.12
0.07
5.54
0.16
1.28
1.05
0.63
0.01
0.00
2.22
0.19
5.83
0.22
1.08
1.29
0.62
0.02
0.00
2.37
0.23
5.42
0.20
1.00
1.17
0.57
0.02
0.00
2.24
0.22
5.63
0.21
0.97
1.22
0.62
0.03
0.00
2.37
0.21
-1.07
5.99
-7.68
24.71
2.64
-
0.85
-3.71
-0.48
1.93
5.30
6.91
14.21
0.56
5.96
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
5.05
4.80
-
5.28
5.03
-
7.35
7.03
-
8.33
8.00
-
8.74
8.33
0.01
8.63
8.23
0.02
8.62
8.19
0.02
2.23
2.27
-
0.80
0.76
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.25
1.81
0.43
0.14
0.26
7.71
0.14
5.63
0.38
0.32
7.53
0.02
4.75
0.86
0.32
7.97
0.01
4.13
1.19
0.01
0.39
8.58
0.01
3.91
1.42
0.01
0.38
8.53
0.01
3.79
1.42
0.01
0.39
9.23
0.01
4.03
1.65
1.42
8.74
-16.97
11.44
1.04
1.02
-1.55
-0.82
3.33
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.34
0.90
1.03
-
0.25
1.24
0.07
3.82
2.21
0.13
0.08
0.00
1.67
0.15
4.81
0.00
2.63
0.44
0.42
0.12
0.01
1.93
0.16
4.75
1.77
0.70
0.59
0.22
0.03
2.20
0.20
4.92
1.51
0.75
0.62
0.24
0.03
2.20
0.20
4.93
1.45
0.71
0.67
0.30
0.04
2.29
0.24
5.23
1.56
0.82
3.72
9.52
-
6.93
14.27
1.58
2.24
0.42
-2.59
3.23
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
1.03
1.07
1.07
-
1.33
0.16
0.88
0.00
0.88
-
0.04
0.01
0.00
1.56
0.14
0.80
0.00
0.79
-
0.32
0.02
0.00
1.83
0.10
0.81
0.81
-
0.36
0.03
0.01
2.14
0.13
0.79
0.79
-
0.47
0.04
0.01
2.12
0.13
0.72
0.72
-
0.48
0.04
0.01
2.18
0.14
0.77
0.77
-
2.49
-1.72
-1.75
-
13.94
6.46
12.55
1.69
0.06
-0.14
-0.11
-

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SWITZERLAND
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
0.3
-0.0
0.2
0.7
-0.3
0.5
-0.0
0.0
0.3
-0.1
0.2
-0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.1
2.2
-5.2
-4.8
-
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
-4.2
-0.0
..
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.2
0.0
-0.0
0.0
..
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
..
..
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-15.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.0
..
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
..
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
..
-1.0
-4.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
6.0
-11.1
19.2
3.0
-6.9
-3.7
-3.5
-10.0
..
0.4
0.4
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
..
..
..
..
-10.9
-17.0
-
-7.2
-1.5
-
0.0
0.0
..

Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

SWITZERLAND
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
0.15
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.48
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.45
0.01
0.40
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.17
0.02
0.14
0.01
0.01
-
0.18
0.16
0.02
0.14
0.01
0.01
-
0.16
0.15
0.02
0.13
0.00
0.01
-
0.16
0.14
0.01
0.13
0.00
0.01
-
0.17
0.15
0.01
0.14
0.00
0.01
-
10.26
12.70
26.63
0.00
13.51
-6.82
19.28
6.70
-4.17
-15.46
-12.55
-5.18
-5.31
-5.23
-8.57
6.46
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.04
0.04
-
0.08
0.08
0.08
-
0.07
0.07
0.07
-
0.06
0.06
0.06
-
8.12
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
SWITZERLAND
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
68.81
..
82.08
..
153.66
72.45
x
118.75
..
182.84
71.06
x
x
115.66
230.88
60.13
x
x
139.45
173.40
110.03
x
x
224.74
313.15
252.48
x
x
455.56
579.73
160.86
x
x
327.62
547.80
181.26
x
x
453.85
514.54
233.62
x
x
608.46
654.61
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Swiss francs / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
105.5
..
201.3
..
353.3
86.3
x
226.2
..
326.5
72.0
x
x
187.5
350.9
87.0
x
x
322.8
376.3
117.5
x
x
384.0
501.6
234.5
x
x
677.0
807.7
149.8
x
x
488.0
765.0
162.0
x
x
649.0
689.8
178.0
x
x
741.8
748.1
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.29
0.13
0.15
0.50
0.46
0.01
0.03
0.23
0.20
0.00
0.02
0.27
0.24
0.00
0.03
0.14
0.10
0.03
0.02
0.23
0.15
0.06
0.02
0.24
0.17
0.05
0.02
0.19
0.12
0.05
0.02
0.16
0.09
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
SWITZERLAND
(2)
Total coal
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
141
470
490
221
256
139
249
196
171
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
141
14
79
8
17
470
31
4
80
24
126
83
482
55
1
6
214
10
-
250
12
2
100
4
2
178
4
28
130
5
16
99
7
-
23
x
x
-
122
x
x
-
420
x
-
196
x
6
2
234
x
2
-
91
x
3
-
144
x
2
-
107
x
2
-
91
x
1
-
39
71
66
72
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
TURKEY*
180
450
160
400
140
350
120
300
100
250
80
200
60
150
40
100
20
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP
Coal/population

50
60
45
50
40
35
40
30
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

250
300
Other use
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
TURKEY
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
34.79
7.36
17.83
9.22
0.32
0.07
-
44.92
9.98
22.32
10.97
1.39
0.09
0.16
-
75.37
24.15
33.43
4.08
10.29
2.84
0.62
0.04
-0.09
-
109.07
32.72
43.43
18.05
9.30
3.79
0.98
0.38
0.41
-
139.52
42.51
41.60
41.30
6.67
4.42
2.32
0.80
-0.09
-
150.19
45.76
43.03
44.84
6.51
6.36
2.81
0.98
-0.10
-
163.12
48.53
45.13
52.57
6.51
6.40
2.85
1.01
0.11
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
4.65
7.24
3.77
0.65
13.72
13.75
-
3.51
3.25
1.27
12.74
-2.26
4.11
7.86
17.32
0.29
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
128
0.27
38.1
0.91
109.3
85.5
29.2
12
..
1980
162
0.28
44.4
1.01
110.9
91.2
45.2
23
..
1990
270
0.28
55.1
1.37
112.0
132.8
62.6
58
57.0
2000
387
0.28
64.3
1.70
113.0
125.5
93.1
125
80.8
2009
518
0.27
71.9
1.94
108.0
121.8
112.3
195
102.9
2010
564
0.27
72.8
2.06
106.6
120.3
113.0
211
116.4
2011e
612
0.27
73.9
2.21
106.8
117.6
..
228
126.8
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
4.50
3.76
0.14
-0.24
2.20
1.40
2.40
2.07
0.14
-0.24
2.62
-0.49
4.59
3.00
9.44
6.72
..
3.63
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
2.58
1.16
5.55
-
2.03
1.06
14.59
-
0.71
0.81
16.31
-
0.65
1.59
13.20
-
1.19
1.34
22.33
-
0.94
1.95
22.15
-
0.86
2.01
23.64
-
-2.00
-0.77
8.38
-
-3.78
3.10
2.11
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
2.96
1.33
15.12
-
1.82
1.20
44.41
-
0.74
1.68
60.85
-
0.65
2.41
55.28
-
1.56
2.36
75.58
-
1.09
2.61
69.70
-
1.00
2.70
74.38
-
-3.97
-0.88
9.39
-
-2.55
3.98
2.28
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
TURKEY
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
28.38
4.24
13.63
9.22
0.07
1.22
-
37.60
6.00
18.14
10.97
0.09
2.40
-
57.25
10.76
29.10
1.01
10.29
0.52
0.04
5.52
-
82.64
15.49
37.32
7.01
9.22
0.88
0.37
11.78
0.55
106.26
18.25
39.21
18.90
6.81
1.44
0.60
19.59
1.45
104.52
18.30
40.86
16.07
6.55
1.78
0.43
19.02
1.51
110.86
20.17
40.56
18.76
6.34
1.99
0.43
20.87
1.74
4.21
5.63
4.56
0.65
12.60
9.29
-
3.36
3.19
1.67
15.70
-2.39
6.93
12.64
6.87
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
5.30
1.63
2.88
0.79
-
9.35
3.10
4.76
1.49
-
15.57
6.43
5.06
0.71
0.01
3.36
-
28.20
12.61
6.86
2.38
0.14
5.66
0.55
25.73
8.74
1.91
4.56
0.18
8.89
1.45
26.57
8.49
1.90
6.27
8.40
1.51
32.25
10.41
1.61
9.01
9.48
1.74
6.54
8.40
3.37
8.88
-
3.71
2.44
-5.58
13.58
5.32
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
6.26
0.75
5.50
-
7.84
0.26
7.56
-
13.18
0.02
13.11
-
16.80
0.00
16.65
0.06
21.52
21.12
0.26
21.34
20.98
0.27
20.90
20.51
0.31
4.48
-18.90
5.25
-
2.33
2.26
-
0.01
14.40
1.86
3.09
-
0.02
17.44
2.64
3.32
-
0.04
20.76
4.30
4.45
0.06
0.09
25.13
2.88
5.13
3.85
0.02
0.12
32.29
7.04
2.41
9.32
0.01
0.08
30.57
8.43
2.31
6.28
0.01
0.07
32.08
9.24
2.07
6.92
7.56
2.18
5.07
2.17
-
2.89
2.20
3.89
-3.74
27.01
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
9.22
0.07
0.17
0.45
0.00
0.22
-
10.97
0.09
0.43
0.44
0.01
-
10.29
0.52
0.03
1.11
0.91
0.00
-
9.22
0.88
0.24
2.93
3.31
0.60
6.79
1.44
0.42
4.86
10.91
1.52
4.38
6.54
1.78
0.43
4.81
9.28
1.19
2.96
6.33
1.99
0.43
5.09
8.13
0.39
2.20
0.65
12.60
11.65
4.30
-9.07
-
-2.40
6.93
14.55
7.89
11.57
35.27
-
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.22
0.81
0.81
-
0.44
1.20
1.20
-
0.91
4.01
3.76
0.25
2.71
5.03
4.90
0.13
5.01
7.67
7.30
0.37
5.13
9.79
9.54
0.25
5.54
10.29
10.01
0.28
8.81
9.83
9.41
-
9.46
4.82
5.02
0.54

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
TURKEY
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
7.4
0.0
-0.1
8.8
0.8
-0.1
0.4
17.7
6.0
0.5
17.8
13.3
1.6
24.9
19.1
-1.4
25.0
19.8
0.9
26.5
22.0
-
5.2
42.3
-
1.8
6.1
-
7.4
10.0
24.2
32.7
42.5
45.8
48.5
7.2
3.2
-0.3
-2.0
-0.1
-1.5
-2.5
..
-11.0 e
-16.7 e
-21.8 e
-22.2 e
..
8.2
3.6
-14.1
-13.4
-0.7
-19.3
-17.8
-1.4
-19.8
-18.2
-1.6
..
..
..
9.0
8.4
-
4.7
4.8
4.4
-2.9 e
-3.4 e

-1.8
-1.8
-
-2.6
-2.2
-0.4
Autoproducers
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
-7.8
-7.2
-0.7
Gas works
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
..
-6.8
-0.9 e
0.0
-0.6 e
-0.4
-
-0.7 e
0.0
-0.9 e
0.1
-
-3.1 e
0.0
-1.6 e
-1.5
-
-2.6 e
0.0
-1.8 e
-0.8
-
-2.5 e
-1.8 e
-0.8
-
-2.4 e
-2.0 e
-0.4
-
..
..
..
..
..
7.2
3.1
6.3
8.5
-
-1.3
1.0
-6.4
-
..
Energy ind. own use
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.4
-0.8
-0.9
..
3.9
3.9
Losses
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
..
4.2
6.0
10.8
15.5
18.3
20.2
..
5.6
3.2
1.6
0.4 e
0.3
1.0
3.1
0.9 e
0.2
2.0
6.4
1.0 e
0.4
0.0
0.0
5.0
10.4
2.7 e
0.3
0.1
0.0
7.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
8.4
6.2
2.1
10.0
2.4
5.2
-0.7
13.0
11.8
1.8
Transport(7)
0.7
0.3
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
1.9
0.0
1.9
-
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use
12.6
1.3 e
0.0
0.1
0.0
11.1
8.5
1.5 e
0.2
0.1
0.0
6.7
0.0
0.0
..
-18.9
2.6
0.0
2.6
-
4.3
0.0
4.3
-
2.9
2.9
-
9.8
1.2
8.4
0.2
9.8
0.4
9.2
0.1
..
..
..
..
5.1
-9.1
5.1
-
4.2
35.3
3.9
-
..

IEA/OECD, 2012

TURKEY
(million tonnes)
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1.21
0.68
0.68
0.09
0.29
0.29
0.10
-
3.10
0.37
0.37
0.06
1.18
0.01
0.00
1.17
1.49
-
8.51
1.66
1.66
6.16
0.03
0.02
6.12
0.69
-
14.57
4.57
4.57
8.56
0.07
0.02
8.47
1.45
-
16.47
5.58
5.58
0.27 e
3.80
0.08 e
0.00
0.04
3.68 e
6.81
-
15.90
5.97
5.97
0.38 e
3.28
0.10 e
0.05
0.02
3.11 e
6.13
-
18.85
6.81
6.81
0.46 e
3.85
0.28 e
0.08
3.49 e
7.72
-
8.19
-5.01
-5.01
-3.28
12.55
12.48
25.02
-
9.45
15.69
15.69
6.11
5.61
8.58
-
3.43
0.36
0.31
0.05
2.39
0.29
0.05
0.05
0.11
-
5.34
0.11
0.08
0.03
4.66
0.10
0.34
0.34
0.13
-
7.04
0.28
0.28
4.19
2.47
0.09
2.38
0.10
-
5.59
0.60
0.60
4.22
0.64
0.09
0.55
0.13
-
6.88
0.62
0.62
5.53
0.08 e
0.44
0.29 e
0.15 e
0.18
-
7.15
0.58
0.58
4.90
0.01 e
1.34
0.44 e
0.02
0.88 e
0.28
-
7.52
0.54
0.54
5.32
1.43
0.89
0.54
0.18
-
3.75
-9.80
-11.22
-4.01
5.71
-8.83
17.37
17.37
1.19
-
1.73
8.56
15.58
0.67
7.54
2.45
1.80
-
13.23
4.45
4.30
0.15
0.02
3.63
0.00
0.73
2.90
4.88
-
45.89
29.88
29.63
0.25
0.04
8.47
0.93
7.54
7.48
-
64.38
52.54
52.29
0.26
0.00
6.92
0.11
6.81
4.93
-
56.58
47.41
47.21
0.20
0.16
4.11
0.16
3.95
4.89
-
69.24
55.44
54.96
0.48
7.75
0.13
0.49
0.14
0.02
6.98
5.98
-
10.92
17.21
17.45
4.71
6.74
7.31
2.10
8.27
3.62
-
2.08
3.14
3.14
3.24
-0.44
-3.19
-0.39
-1.11
-
75.26
65.69
65.45
0.23
0.05
4.55
0.01
4.54
4.89
-
75.64
62.89
62.64
0.26
6.14
0.28
0.13
0.02
5.72
6.53
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
TURKEY
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
105.18
..
31.85
174.87
110.22
62.46
126.90
125.64
50.45
150.29
131.07
88.29
397.46
234.26
113.22
728.57
444.88
112.43
585.24
362.67
127.32
678.67
308.66
131.08
818.46
301.91
..
70.23
105.18
..
..
79.67
82.07
174.87
..
98.09
58.81
86.05
126.90
..
122.15
53.26
80.19
150.29
..
136.10
78.71
148.07
397.46
..
236.81
152.51
258.70
728.57
..
445.57
139.04
269.73
585.24
..
363.70
137.83
272.13
678.67
..
316.76
142.56
254.23
818.46
..
306.05
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(New Turkish lira / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
..
0.00
..
0.02
0.63
0.37
0.82
7.98
7.41
9.01
128.86
105.36
33.83
731.11
403.98
42.01
1297.72
742.89
49.69
1241.53
721.28
54.53
1395.16
594.87
62.50
1873.31
647.84
..
0.00
0.00
..
..
0.13
0.19
0.63
..
0.33
1.64
3.44
7.98
..
7.20
20.22
43.69
128.86
..
109.40
64.10
173.07
731.11
..
408.38
120.26
292.79
1297.72
..
744.04
130.59
363.59
1241.53
..
723.34
125.44
355.48
1395.16
..
610.48
144.45
369.73
1873.31
..
656.71
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
0.41
0.41
-
6.02
1.76
4.25
0.01
-
6.39
2.14
4.07
0.00
0.18
13.30
6.30
6.27
0.00
0.72
16.74
11.10
5.23
0.41
18.37
12.20
5.95
0.21
19.05
13.69
5.10
0.26
19.78
14.76
4.86
0.16
22.02
17.52
4.33
0.17
0.09
0.09
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
TURKEY
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
475
2662
5572
5951
13001
17360
20364
21333
23799
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
475
70
405
-
2662
637
1825
-
3717
1318
51
2011
-
3606
1452
210
178
1766
-
6202
2793
847
100
2150
-
4943
882
1175
187
6
1810
-
5161
1727
946
478
1358
-
5135
1376
865
78
2518
-
4575
986
849
2248
-
x
x
-
200
x
x
-
x
337
-
x
-
x
259
53
-
101
x
574
208
-
x
97
553
2
x
14
55
90
139
x
129
363
1840
58
-
2335
36
10
50
47
6788
69
36
12417
24
1
-
15203
3
16198
89
292
84
35
19224
422
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
1252
x
530
-
877
x
1050
199
66
1440
x
5023
174
46
1517
2456
1448
x
6198
611
11
151
221
2785
2565
x
8906
646
77
215
2841
1812
x
9844
590
234
162
15
5390
2555
x
8620
831
1391
15
10
11
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UNITED KINGDOM*
350
120
300
100
250
80
200
60
150
40
100
20
50
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

140
140
120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

450
700
400
Other use
600
350
500
300
250
400
200
300
150
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
50
UNITED KINGDOM
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
311.53
109.18
155.58
35.87
10.42
0.47
0.01
-
283.47
98.28
113.34
57.59
13.78
0.48
0.00
-
294.17
90.15
109.11
67.41
0.90
24.48
0.64
0.00
0.02
1.47
-
318.48
52.14
104.60
124.82
2.75
31.67
0.62
0.00
0.13
1.74
-
281.53
42.62
91.69
111.57
7.69
25.72
0.65
0.00
1.24
0.35
-
289.29
43.93
90.52
121.13
8.43
23.13
0.44
0.00
1.38
0.33
-
270.01
43.58
88.06
100.19
8.95
25.70
0.70
0.00
2.06
0.76
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
-0.34
-1.12
-2.07
3.78
5.15
1.78
36.14
-
-0.08
-3.53
-0.93
2.97
11.86
-0.28
-1.82
0.00
25.08
-7.23
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
1059
0.29
56.2
5.54
211.2
433.8
144.0
281
77.2
1980
1132
0.25
56.3
5.03
179.7
365.2
135.4
284
76.0
1990
1485
0.20
57.2
5.14
142.2
255.4
120.9
318
89.2
2000
1979
0.16
58.9
5.41
115.5
110.8
108.9
374
103.4
2009
2290
0.12
61.8
4.56
88.3
78.3
92.2
373
88.9
2010
2338
0.12
62.2
4.65
88.8
79.1
91.9
378
90.5
2011e
2353
0.11
62.4
4.33
82.4
77.9
..
362
89.3
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.01
2.29
-2.30
-2.32
0.11
0.42
-0.44
-0.50
-2.30
-2.32
-3.07
-5.69
-1.02
-1.36
0.72
0.87
0.85
0.07

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
14.68
84.26
-
1.60
74.99
-
0.26
26.40
-
0.29
16.98
-
0.26
15.04
-
0.28
15.48
-
0.28
15.42
-
-16.87
-0.97
-
-8.34
-7.59
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
15.11
108.47
-
1.60
91.16
-
0.26
30.94
-
0.27
20.22
-
0.25
17.63
-
0.27
18.15
-
0.27
18.08
-
-17.06
-1.44
-
-8.51
-7.75
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
UNITED KINGDOM
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
204.61
45.32
104.41
26.25
28.63
-
187.54
20.20
85.17
53.21
28.79
0.17
196.85
15.39
87.46
59.68
0.59
0.00
0.01
33.72
-
215.00
5.88
89.39
74.89
0.88
0.00
0.02
40.47
3.48
202.35
4.75
84.28
66.69
2.42
0.00
0.08
42.04
2.09
187.80
4.07
79.82
59.75
2.69
0.00
0.10
39.65
1.72
197.01
4.00
80.38
67.27
3.06
0.00
0.12
40.34
1.84
-0.23
-6.16
-1.04
4.95
0.97
-
0.00
-6.52
-0.42
0.60
8.55
0.00
11.30
0.90
-
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
75.06
20.06
30.33
13.45
11.21
-
56.11
8.52
17.41
19.28
10.72
0.17
45.47
9.11
9.00
14.86
0.14
12.36
-
48.46
3.59
8.61
20.27
0.40
14.02
1.57
42.72
3.80
7.50
15.33
0.55
14.07
1.46
36.67
3.12
6.66
12.87
0.55
12.39
1.09
37.79
3.01
6.67
13.48
0.59
12.84
1.20
-2.91
-4.54
-6.90
0.59
0.58
-
-0.92
-5.38
-1.49
-0.49
7.52
0.19
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
39.47
0.08
39.07
-
43.39
0.05
42.96
-
55.97
0.00
55.32
-
59.81
58.76
-
61.07
0.02
59.44
-
58.86
0.02
56.98
-
58.95
0.02
56.84
-
2.08
-18.29
2.07
-
0.26
9.75
0.14
-
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.32
48.09
20.89
5.54
10.45
0.37
51.32
9.71
3.76
27.27
0.65
53.24
4.97
3.30
33.20
1.06
61.47
2.22
4.31
40.88
1.13
0.48
59.91
0.90
4.04
39.74
1.39
0.48
56.73
0.87
4.01
36.75
1.61
0.48
63.70
0.94
4.56
43.06
4.23
0.60
-8.10
-3.00
7.04
-1.51
0.90
-7.99
1.63
1.31
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
11.22
19.03
4.18
8.36
1.09
10.58
18.20
1.89
6.63
3.06
0.25
11.52
18.37
1.29
4.43
3.90
0.25
13.74
0.06
24.07
0.06
2.01
8.93
0.45
14.72
0.07
22.53
0.02
1.16
8.39
0.47
14.56
0.07
20.82
0.06
0.98
7.34
0.48
14.58
0.07
21.38
0.03
0.93
7.75
0.16
-0.21
-6.70
-3.68
7.78
3.40
1.18
0.76
-17.73
-7.51
3.49
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
5.40
17.22
17.22
-
6.62
10.14
10.14
-
0.05
8.71
15.46
13.24
2.22
0.11
11.12
1.85
16.18
14.65
1.52
0.13
12.27
0.56
12.47
11.41
1.06
0.13
11.75
0.56
11.39
10.50
0.88
0.16
11.94
0.56
11.56
10.62
0.94
2.85
-0.63
-1.53
-
5.69
1.59
-1.44
-1.10
-4.21

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
UNITED KINGDOM
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
108.4
1.6
-2.8
2.0
105.7
6.4
-4.4
-9.4
76.6
14.7
-2.6
1.4
26.7
21.8
-1.1
4.8
15.3
33.6
-0.8
-5.5
15.8
23.7
-1.3
5.7
15.7
28.8
-1.0
0.1
-2.0
13.9
-0.6
-7.6
2.4
-3.5
Primary supply
109.2
98.3
90.2
52.1
42.6
43.9
43.6
-1.1
-3.5
3.3
0.1
-1.5
0.1
0.1
0.6
..
-62.1 e
-76.3 e
-72.1 e
-44.6 e
-37.6 e
-39.4 e
..
0.9
-3.0

-65.0
-65.0
-
-74.3
-72.0
-2.3
-68.3
-66.3
-1.9
-41.1
-37.7
-3.3
-35.3
-32.5
-2.7
-36.6
-34.1
-2.5
..
..
..
0.3
0.1
-
-3.1
-3.3
1.3
Autoproducers
Gas works
8.4
0.3
0.0
..
-37.0
-5.5 e
-2.3 e
-3.2
-0.0
-2.4 e
-0.9 e
-1.4
-0.0
-3.9 e
-2.6 e
-1.1
-0.2
-3.6 e
-3.0 e
-0.6
0.1
-2.4 e
-1.9 e
-0.6
0.0
-2.8 e
-1.9 e
-0.9
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
-2.1
0.8
-6.2
9.7
-1.6
-1.5
-1.0
-
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
Energy ind. own use
-3.2
-1.9
-1.1
-1.5
-0.9
-0.9
..
-6.1
-0.9
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
-1.8
-0.0
-0.0
-0.2
-0.1
-0.2
..
45.3
20.2
15.4
5.9
4.1
4.0
..
-6.2
-6.5
3.6
1.2 e
0.0
1.1
0.1
1.1
3.1
1.3 e
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.7
3.0
1.2 e
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
-4.5
-4.8
6.2
-5.4
-4.5
-5.3
-5.4
-5.5
-12.1
-1.8
-7.9
-6.3
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
20.1
9.0 e
0.3
3.5
1.2
6.0
8.5
3.6 e
0.2
2.5
0.1
2.0
9.1
3.9 e
0.9
1.4
0.6
2.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
-18.3
9.7
25.2
4.2
20.9
0.1
11.6
1.9
9.7
0.0
6.3
1.3
5.0
0.0
2.3
0.1
2.2
0.0
0.9
0.1
0.9
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.9
0.0
..
..
..
..
-7.8
-6.7
-8.1
-8.3
-8.9
-17.7
-8.0
-7.1
..
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

UNITED KINGDOM
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
1978
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
105.68
83.21
80.64
2.57
1.19
1.85
0.01
6.19
0.11
0.03
3.09
0.32
2.65
12.19
-
96.21
84.01
82.56
1.46
0.78
5.25
0.01
1.04
1.50
0.63
2.07
5.45
-
51.02
46.85
44.76
2.09
0.54
1.88
0.00
0.03
1.24
0.12
0.48
1.97
-
55.21
52.52
50.58
1.94
0.27
1.78
0.13
1.12
0.14
0.39
0.67
-
51.29
48.31
46.25
2.06
0.35
1.94
0.07
0.10
1.15
0.15
0.47
0.71
-
43.12
40.25
38.34
1.90
0.34
1.74
0.06
0.08
1.08
0.12
0.40
0.77
-
45.46
41.99
40.23
1.75
0.35
0.25
1.72
0.06
0.08
1.06
0.12
0.39
0.76
-
14.99
14.91
-
10.52
10.09
0.66 e
0.11
0.11 e
- e
-
8.82
8.23
0.45 e
0.01
0.01 e
- e
-
6.57
5.57
0.96 e
0.08
0.08 e
- e
-
6.93
5.88
0.96 e
0.21
0.21 e
- e
-
5.66
4.94
0.70 e
0.15
0.15 e
- e
-
5.97
5.40
0.84 e
0.14
0.14 e
- e
-
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
-0.78
0.08
0.20
-4.59
-3.51
-1.36
-16.73
35.13
-5.84
5.93
-2.04
-6.50
-
-3.68
-3.41
-3.53
0.92
-3.90
-5.44
8.38
-12.08
-1.71
-7.87
-8.00
-9.40
-
-2.91
-3.21
-
-2.79
-3.08
1.26
1.02
1.02
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
UNITED KINGDOM
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
52.18
67.63
52.91
96.27
66.97
c
68.61
90.00
91.78
55.02
128.62
80.92
81.19
272.68
166.90
148.68
378.32
272.26
105.08
287.50
197.91
119.15
447.83
204.12
158.99
571.44
277.40
49.74
..
72.81
..
67.78
88.51
..
95.94
..
123.24
65.61
..
99.93
..
98.93
59.32
..
135.97
..
81.44
99.65
..
x
266.21
232.37
130.55
..
x
c
346.87
110.97
..
x
c
274.63
130.49
..
x
c
255.74
160.93
..
x
c
321.21
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas
(Pounds sterling / unit) (2)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
21.97
49.72
35.47
43.77
53.16
c
35.11
80.42
74.78
29.35
119.80
68.73
36.07
211.50
118.04
65.57
291.31
191.16
54.42
259.97
163.18
62.30
408.85
169.93
80.14
502.94
222.63
23.25
..
53.53
..
45.44
44.67
..
76.16
..
89.21
37.27
..
89.29
..
80.60
35.13
..
126.65
..
69.17
49.14
..
x
206.48
164.35
63.91
..
x
c
243.55
63.80
..
x
c
226.44
75.74
..
x
c
212.91
90.05
..
x
c
257.79
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
2.18
0.75
1.34
0.08
14.75
5.54
8.84
0.37
16.11
7.76
7.77
0.58
21.75
12.93
8.34
0.48
39.64
32.30
6.46
0.88
39.24
32.27
6.26
0.71
33.65
28.38
5.09
0.18
23.71
17.44
6.15
0.12
28.78
23.34
5.39
0.05
2.75
1.69
0.09
0.97
2.56
2.12
0.05
0.39
1.19
0.86
0.00
0.32
1.11
0.66
0.00
0.45
0.70
0.57
0.00
0.13
0.83
0.48
0.14
0.21
0.85
0.67
0.01
0.17
1.25
0.75
0.00
0.50
1.00
0.51
0.00
0.48

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
UNITED KINGDOM
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
2352
12732
14783
15896
23446
43968
38167
26523
32610
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1383
380
207
375
421
-
7150
2988
337
3
1160
2647
14
8614
2966
961
2
794
3791
7
7754
3194
1306
396
1792
1
8462
4880
1633
1936
2
6551
3468
1092
1284
-
5164
2487
201
1578
50
6235
3235
434
2132
1
5467
3125
337
1731
3
x
x
-
1
x
x
-
x
93
-
38
x
27
1000
x
11
-
x
707
-
x
304
544
-
66
x
351
16
-
x
224
47
-
969
645
53
41
1
73
5582
2469
61
10
783
258
498
525
6169
67
24
2
248
250
1641
1868
8142
447
58
2
131
878
2056
162
14984
1222
1107
837
204
37417
828
17
630
266
312
33003
444
17
566
3122
502
20288
12
3
31
563
2391
444
27143
9
26
655
4552
658
26
106
x
x
24
34
89
724
23
x
x
108
69
956
356
x
499
169
20
77
2648
65
1313
x
133
101
71
143
5649
9
4756
x
480
208
123
246
130
3369
1682
12911
x
16964
84
224
615
5250
721
3063
x
18506
92
105
17
6372
275
781
x
9399
-
51
8176
659
x
12343
14
(2)

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UNITED KINGDOM
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
2176
2379
2258
856
656
533
641
714
488
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
2174
113
125
6
950
446
202
53
168
79
3
3
26
-
2327
1
44
1278
2
183
191
13
19
391
14
12
111
3
65
-
1960
1
67
366
204
271
214
18
246
25
145
178
138
87
-
845
86
31
1
142
10
349
27
118
60
21
-
651
12
77
13
265
1
71
15
158
31
8
-
525
83
1
4
32
1
2
310
3
84
5
-
602
43
1
7
8
312
3
31
6
191
-
682
166
1
4
5
5
9
372
5
80
10
25
-
464
67
2
8
6
15
25
3
255
5
57
11
8
2
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
2
2
-
49
48
-
289
5
1
1
282
-
5
-
4
2
1
1
6
1
1
4
7
1
1
-
13
1
1
2
1
3
21
2
6
1
12
32
19
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UNITED KINGDOM
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
72.56
57.61
46.84
116.05
120.24
187.79
196.99
184.15
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
76.77
67.89
..
65.40
72.53
..
..
..
..
46.86
56.28
55.72
..
53.12
60.78
..
59.04
..
..
59.92
45.23
45.32
..
..
52.11
..
..
..
..
43.01
127.10
99.81
..
..
113.10
..
..
..
..
91.89
124.16
104.80
..
..
131.69
207.67
..
..
..
82.35
201.79
192.51
..
..
176.47
..
..
..
..
69.16
231.88
241.64
..
..
145.57
..
..
..
..
98.63
190.25
186.81
..
..
181.09
..
135.86
..
..
147.54
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
68.56
45.19
39.73
70.24
84.03
139.40
94.70
100.52
..
95.59
59.29
101.88
84.94
69.28
73.47
73.07
..
..
53.72
41.59
..
..
51.92
44.64
..
43.65
46.10
43.16
50.58
35.25
..
..
41.04
38.57
..
38.30
..
41.04
39.22
85.03
..
..
71.87
83.66
98.27
70.13
53.73
69.27
70.78
91.62
..
..
112.37
79.53
71.23
78.56
74.02
90.44
82.58
168.33
..
..
145.69
133.03
..
..
94.81
155.46
139.84
91.04
..
..
92.85
85.17
x
89.35
114.42
85.90
96.44
..
2075.56
..
97.54
92.99
x
105.53
119.57
106.00
94.88
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
IEA/OECD, 2012
UNITED STATES*
4000
160
3500
140
3000
120
2500
100
2000
80
1500
60
1000
40
500
20
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Renewables
Coal/TPES
Coal/GDP

900
900
800
800
700
700
600
600
500
500
400
400
300
300
200
200
100
100
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Production
Exports
Coal/population
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Industry
Coal supply
Imports

5000
7000
4500
Other use
6000
4000
5000
3500
3000
4000
2500
3000
2000
1500
2000
1000
1000
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011e
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Other
0
1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2010
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
500
UNITED STATES
TPES (Mtce)
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and waste
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Heat(2)
1973
1980
1990
2471.34
444.35
1167.84
735.02
53.57
33.20
32.60
3.01
1.75
-
2578.11
537.48
1138.47
681.12
77.84
99.10
34.25
6.57
3.28
-
2735.71
657.43
1081.20
626.05
88.94
227.69
33.56
20.14
0.46
0.24
-
2000
2009
2010
2011e
3247.62
3092.82
3166.18
3146.74
762.32
692.83
718.06
697.33
1244.50
1145.34
1149.90
1124.66
782.26
764.61
794.97
817.02
104.62
119.72
129.16
126.81
296.99
309.08
312.33
305.80
31.11
33.86
32.22
40.26
18.70
11.65
12.01
12.76
2.96 e
11.55 e
14.32 e
17.51
4.17
4.18
3.19
4.58
-
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
0.60
2.33
-0.45
-0.94
3.03
11.99
0.17
11.83
-10.97
-
0.73
0.44
0.31
1.20
1.88
1.59
-0.20
-2.55
18.78
13.74
-

GDP (2005 bil. USD)

TPES/GDP(1)
TPES/population(1)
TPES/GDP(2)
1973
4872
0.51
211.9
11.66
192.4
143.7
115.7
1966
47.1
1980
5796
0.44
227.7
11.32
168.7
146.0
118.1
2427
52.6
1990
7963
0.34
250.2
10.93
130.3
130.0
111.8
3203
65.2
2000
11158
0.29
282.4
11.50
110.4
107.6
106.0
4026
96.7
2009
12635
0.24
307.5
10.06
92.8
86.4
97.5
4165
89.5
2010
13017
0.24
310.1
10.21
92.3
86.9
98.7
4354
94.3
2011e
13243
0.24
313.2
10.05
90.1
82.9
..
4321
98.1
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
2.93
2.49
-2.27
-1.71
0.98
1.08
-0.38
-0.34
-2.27
-1.71
-0.58
-2.00
-0.20
-0.62
2.91
1.55
1.93
1.86
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10

1978(1)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Mtce:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
93.39
417.76
15.55
-
96.20
641.20
37.33
-
56.00
674.42
36.51
-
45.21
726.85
35.48
-
44.77
681.38
31.18
-
65.91
660.23
33.64
-
78.40
657.79
34.81
-
0.25
3.63
7.57
-
-1.87
0.15
-0.52
-
Mt:
Coking coal
Steam coal
Lignite
Peat
92.20
484.60
31.16
-
93.26
760.39
79.91
-
54.29
839.69
77.62
-
46.44
916.00
76.15
-
46.56
875.24
65.75
-
68.65
856.49
70.97
-
81.66
849.04
73.44
-
0.10
3.83
8.16
-
-1.52
0.60
-0.59
-

IEA/OECD, 2012
UNITED STATES
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2008
2009
2010
1879.10
105.84
990.71
524.24
53.46
204.84
-
1873.27
80.24
984.48
482.02
77.69
248.85
-
1847.86
79.51
976.13
432.84
32.27
0.48
323.55
3.07
2208.90
46.54
1133.46
514.12
74.50
0.74
2.06
429.93
7.54
2197.69
42.97
1111.50
469.62
92.91
0.35
1.96
468.43
9.95
2083.81
33.63
1052.56
445.70
92.46
0.31
1.96
447.47
9.70
2143.12
38.36
1069.83
455.82
100.24
0.32
1.98
467.09
9.48
-0.10
-1.67
-0.09
-1.12
-2.93
2.73
-
0.74
-3.58
0.46
0.26
5.83
-2.06
1.85
5.79
Total industry
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
562.57
86.07
103.18
253.15
40.82
79.34
-
553.39
68.92
127.85
216.47
48.48
91.67
-
405.33
65.74
63.22
156.98
12.94
106.46
-
474.65
43.37
36.66
196.97
51.22
0.16
140.32
5.96
418.49
40.49
45.28
166.54
45.75
0.17
112.40
7.86
370.23
31.36
39.54
150.98
42.36
0.15
98.17
7.67
399.93
36.21
43.07
159.02
45.96
0.15
108.04
7.49
-1.91
-1.57
-2.84
-2.77
-6.54
1.74
-
-0.07
-2.94
-1.90
0.06
6.54
0.07
-
Total transport
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
591.81
567.23
24.06
607.53
586.07
21.07
696.52
674.00
22.01
840.34
813.56
21.68
858.64
807.31
22.42
821.54
768.07
20.83
833.49
773.11
23.18
0.96
1.02
-0.52
0.90
0.69
0.26
Biofuels and wastes

Electricity
Residential
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
0.53
339.29
4.54
102.37
161.22
0.38
307.97
2.24
59.79
157.78
0.51
299.82
2.12
37.67
146.51
4.55
0.54
377.20
1.90 e
45.58
166.04
27.97
0.95
382.65
32.97
162.75
31.68
0.96
374.79
32.06
158.65
36.26
0.95
383.25
30.61
158.64
-0.22
-0.72
-4.36
-5.71
-0.56
3.18
1.24
-1.03
0.40
Biofuels and wastes

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
71.17
212.45
4.89
69.72
85.81
88.15
203.65
2.60
45.72
86.69
113.52
227.52
3.45
30.44
87.50
14.82
0.31
2.06
146.50
275.78
1.27 e
23.79
104.53
15.39
0.05
1.96
169.54
295.42
2.48
19.54
103.76
14.70
0.05
1.96
167.36
295.27
2.27
22.61
102.41
14.36
0.05
1.98
177.62
294.18
2.16
21.90
101.47
2.78
0.40
-2.04
-4.76
0.11
2.26
1.29
-2.32
-1.63
0.74
Biofuels and waste

Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
Non-energy use
Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
52.03
126.74
126.74
-
68.65
145.63
145.63
-
103.06
3.07 e
170.06
150.23
19.84
1.77
0.27
142.55
1.58 e
218.61
193.72
24.89
3.29
0.13
164.13
2.09 e
198.88
184.73
14.15
3.23
0.12
162.59
2.04 e
182.97
170.15
12.83
3.13
0.12
163.41
1.99 e
192.34
178.83
13.51
4.10
1.74
1.00
-
2.33
-2.15
0.62
0.88
-1.90

Coal and peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Biofuels and wastes
Geothermal
Solar, wind, tide
Electricity
Heat
of which:
IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
UNITED STATES
5. Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-10
1973
1980
1990
2000
2009
2010
2011e
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
476.2
1.0
-44.3
11.4
639.9
1.5
-83.0
-21.0
774.7
3.0
-97.1
-23.2
766.9
14.3
-54.7
35.8
757.3
18.2
-49.8
-32.9
759.8
16.3
-68.9
10.9
771.0
11.7
-90.6
5.1
2.9
6.6
4.7
-0.1
8.8
-1.7
Primary supply
444.4
537.5
657.4
762.3
692.8
718.1
697.3
2.3
0.4
18.1
-11.1
9.0
21.7
-19.6
-4.0
..
-348.1 e
-442.6
-585.2 e
-735.5 e
-637.9 e
-673.4 e
..
3.1
0.7

-309.9
-309.9
-
-417.2
-417.2
-
-565.7 e
-559.6
-6.2 e
-716.5 e
-699.7 e
-16.8 e
-628.2
-623.7
-4.4
-661.1
-654.8
-6.3
..
..
..
3.6
3.5
-
0.8
0.8
0.1
Autoproducers
Gas works
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
0.5
-38.7 e
-25.8 e
-12.9
-
c
-25.3 e
-16.2 e
-9.1
-
-2.6 e
-2.7 e
-16.8 e
-11.4 e
-5.4
-
-16.2 e
-10.9 e
-5.3 e
-
Energy ind. own use
-8.6
-3.6
-1.8
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-2.0 e
-2.8
-2.7
..
0.2
-6.9 e
-4.4 e
-2.5
-
-9.6 e
-6.0 e
-3.6
-
..
..
..
..
..
-4.8
-4.7
-5.0
-
-2.8
-3.2
-2.1
-
..
-1.7
-2.2
..
-8.9
1.2
..
105.8
80.2
79.5
46.5
33.6
38.4
..
-1.7
-3.6
68.9
29.6 e
11.2
10.0
7.1
11.1
65.7
18.1 e
12.5 e
11.1
10.4
13.7 e
43.4
11.2 e
9.6 e
11.4
3.7
7.5 e
31.4
4.5 e
6.0
6.7
5.6
8.6
36.2
7.0 e
6.1
7.3
5.8
10.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
-1.6
-5.6
0.3
4.5
2.5
0.0
-2.9
-4.6
-3.5
-2.0
-2.9
-1.6
86.1
48.4 e
11.9
5.2
6.8
13.7
-
19.8
4.9
4.5
10.3
11.3
2.6
2.2
6.5
13.8
3.4
2.1
8.2
3.2
1.3 e
1.9 e
-
..
2.3
2.3
-
2.2
2.2
-
..
..
..
..
-2.1
-2.0
-4.4
-1.4
-8.9
-2.3
-
..

IEA/OECD, 2012

UNITED STATES
1978
Steam coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Coking coal
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
Lignite
Autoproducers
Gas manufacture
Industry
Iron and steel
Chemical
Other industry
Other sectors(2)
Non-energy use
484.73
408.08
408.08
44.63
3.66
10.08
11.51
7.54
11.83
18.95
-
Average annual
percent change
78-90
90-10
1990
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
701.66
637.00
630.72
6.27
0.17 e
52.18
1.71 e
14.26 e
11.97
11.28
12.98 e
15.34
-
866.16
835.53 e
820.06 e
15.48 e
2.39 e
35.88
1.46 e
10.51 e
12.23
4.07
7.62 e
3.68
-
932.69
762.86
756.35
6.50
119.79
1.20 e
35.68
0.32 e
7.23
11.35
6.82
9.96 e
4.25
-
931.32
885.42
880.48
4.93
1.83 e
37.01
0.65 e
7.96
10.72
7.47
10.21 e
2.85
-
839.35
793.46
788.93
4.53
1.03 e
29.83
0.47 e
6.68
7.35
6.22
9.11 e
2.63
-
862.25
830.29
825.21
5.08
1.28 e
32.42
0.68 e
6.84
8.00
6.50
10.41 e
2.51
-
3.13
3.78
3.70
1.31
-6.17
2.93
0.32
3.41
0.77
-1.75
-
1.04
1.33
1.35
-1.05
10.51
-2.35
-4.49
-3.61
-1.99
-2.72
-1.10
-8.65
-
68.89
64.77
-
35.27
35.27
-
25.96
25.96 e
-
20.89
2.81
18.45
-
19.99
20.02
-
14.04
13.90
-
19.15
19.13
-
-5.43
-4.94
-
-3.01
-3.01
-
30.77
28.49
28.49
2.19
2.19
0.09
-
79.02
72.04 e
70.94
1.10 e
5.64 e
1.24
0.23 e
0.00
1.01 e
0.11
-
74.27
70.01 e
68.76
1.25 e
5.67
1.42
0.24 e
0.00
1.18 e
0.05
-
76.14
70.49
68.44
2.06
5.39
0.29
0.24
0.01
0.05
0.01
-
70.44
63.37
63.37
5.30
0.28
0.24
0.04
-
65.11
58.04
58.04
5.43
0.29
0.26
0.03
-
68.30
61.92
59.34
2.57
5.57
0.30
0.26
0.04
-
8.18
8.04
7.90
-4.61
-6.27
1.52
-
-0.73
-0.75
-0.89
4.36
-0.06
-6.92
0.49
-15.11
-
IEA/OECD, 2012
(million tonnes)
UNITED STATES
1978(1)
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011
(US dollars / tce)

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
29.96
62.13
43.89
38.52
97.68
71.64
34.58
76.21
59.75
31.51
125.20
134.45
40.50
205.30
253.47
54.32
401.40
281.88
57.91
267.19
145.99
59.42
370.49
156.67
63.20
532.11
147.20
36.26
48.94
52.81
..
50.94
40.00
52.01
76.81
..
86.68
38.59
51.52
76.97
..
78.40
37.77
48.41
118.29
..
132.99
56.31
91.26
207.40
..
252.91
75.60
128.62
391.37
..
288.82
77.28
156.19
260.92
..
159.11
76.20
158.80
338.09
..
161.27
74.22
200.35
468.40
..
153.37
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Steam coal
Heavy fuel oil
Natural gas
26.11
88.65
56.43
33.57
139.37
92.11
30.14
108.74
76.82
27.46
178.64
172.86
35.30
292.94
325.89
47.35
572.74
362.42
50.47
381.24
187.70
51.79
528.64
201.43
55.09
759.25
189.26
33.57
49.57
75.35
..
65.50
37.03
52.68
109.60
..
111.44
35.72
52.18
109.82
..
100.80
34.97
49.04
168.79
..
170.99
52.12
92.44
295.93
..
325.17
69.99
130.28
558.43
..
371.33
71.54
158.20
372.29
..
204.57
70.54
160.84
482.41
..
207.34
68.71
202.92
668.34
..
197.19
For industry
Steam coal
Coking coal
Natural gas

Total imports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
Total exports
Bituminous coal (1)
Coking coal
Sub-bituminous coal
Lignite
Peat
Coal products(2)
1978
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
2009
2010
2011e
7.23
2.37
4.87
3.03
2.34
0.68
7.74
5.84
0.28
1.62
14.31
9.27
1.60
0.03
0.04
3.38
28.00
21.96
1.54
1.28
0.06
3.15
30.14
23.25
1.52
2.09
0.06
3.22
18.22
15.94
0.91
1.00
0.06
0.31
16.34
12.93
1.33
0.94
0.06
1.08
11.72
8.74
1.39
0.27
0.06
1.26
37.11
8.69
27.79
0.04
0.59
97.12
37.19
59.39
0.03
0.51
81.48
30.05
48.75
2.01
0.67
54.74
22.24
30.72
0.73
0.03
1.02
42.09
11.57
24.46
4.39
0.10
1.56
68.89
25.95
36.31
4.76
0.13
1.75
49.81
13.26
31.80
3.47
0.11
1.17
68.92
15.23
47.88
4.40
0.10
1.31
90.55
26.49
59.33
3.79
0.08
0.87

IEA/OECD, 2012
(Mtce)
UNITED STATES
(2)
Total coal
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
2679
1771
2449
6533
11351
27634
20538
17558
11872
1547
1511
-
1603
144
1458
-
947
947
-
1385
1385
-
1445
1357
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
36
-
x
1
x
-
x
-
x
88
-
2679
933
49
645
-
1771
35
367
6
2449
22
883
5
-
6533
192
1197
39
9724
152
155
6
25903
66
244
70
1
39
19461
138
92
-
16038
345
86
3
1
10297
56
46
-
996
x
x
56
539
824
x
x
-
1296
x
238
5
2483
924
x
1675
23
18
6928
651
x
1813
1
18
19247
2239
70
x
357
79
3387
85
1
8
16137
1891
x
18
1177
-
47
13230
1728
x
38
528
32
19
8619
777
x
113
618
49
80
128
130
135
130
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (4)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UNITED STATES
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
27433
54715
57568
47255
29780
26001
33802
50909
63077
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
23813
956
5410
1468
560
2905
8991
505
929
68
265
688
299
409
360
-
45183
3381
6360
151
3471
586
7
13
54
5701
12613
1909
303
2975
98
244
2460
997
1716
2144
-
47721
5532
3988
68
50
86
4501
636
28
50
6377
10019
2908
3
3606
99
234
3156
764
1906
3710
-
36210
3546
4039
657
2863
329
36
127
4086
7193
2335
3609
83
27
1976
1006
1638
2660
-
22752
2343
3501
288
2197
419
65
48
56
3297
852
1096
355
1735
42
198
1993
642
1584
2041
-
19577
239
1470
4034
260
1116
473
57
2203
1652
727
588
1548
18
163
1685
464
1642
1238
-
21764
280
1829
2168
42
25
73
131
1941
1500
31
46
1908
624
1562
551
2651
31
889
219
161
1432
434
127
1294
1815
-
31644
412
1689
3091
262
1792
1478
40
59
2388
2696
2715
77
700
4929
75
2149
201
223
1393
401
37
2076
2761
-
39502
330
1316
3772
394
307
1589
1925
26
58
136
4067
5615
4597
817
5889
81
1258
93
249
663
1108
480
2248
2484
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
3620
1342
205
218
673
1
914
24
9532
5240
286
457
1051
841
588
118
9847
5219
357
586
1559
485
580
21
11045
5748
336
1119
1528
300
400
400
6642
4093
116
682
22
443
269
184
-
6424
3113
280
1078
547
377
207
-
12019
6714
893
77
574
1869
294
440
417
-
19193
7125
3808
227
1042
2299
812
161
321
-
23575
7563
4191
569
3448
937
683
306
-
243
951
1040
1214
833
822
741
3398
5878
386
19
72
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UNITED STATES
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
9837
29333
38344
33074
23226
19094
19578
23021
34059
Total OECD
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
9370
8782
38
36
22
160
300
27
5
-
26112
1
634
8508
1958
1152
594
392
1112
7
335
421
3599
1331
1020
44
2765
143
626
674
230
8
275
283
-
33473
1
2178
10083
274
2842
1740
320
15
1322
530
4451
2074
719
188
3982
1
62
1386
282
21
15
987
-
29596
937
4541
1905
530
457
1562
829
562
3194
3696
2081
3015
25
1562
2111
8
191
2390
-
22026
278
13524
48
70
564
467
456
65
3181
508
373
643
74
343
441
55
936
-
16990
411
13625
76
66
28
133
23
236
580
341
829
143
71
67
361
-
18366
24
602
7447
617
218
71
1111
729
152
217
198
392
611
2682
801
149
1
2344
-
19927
105
367
7245
1053
73
166
1080
935
47
612
175
2522
983
1699
65
531
182
373
275
220
1219
-
28763
302
1470
2432
1607
146
145
2078
2394
86
1003
610
4882
1713
3894
11
129
798
519
153
169
422
3800
-
Total non-OECD
Brazil
(2)
China
95
11
1
82
1
3221
78
2575
176
110
2
4869
79
108
3820
682
128
5
3476
13
2033
1
271
1099
-
923
22
9
825
1
-
1946
693
1
217
844
63
13
-
1077
6
140
1
630
154
1
3094
63
1445
146
171
1044
115
77
5296
310
876
144
634
2292
463
1
280
47
59
66
115
145
33
576
372
277
158
135
Chinese Taipei
Egypt
India
Romania
and Eurasia
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UNITED STATES
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
..
..
43.12
111.68
105.88
129.17
127.79
198.88
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
43.15
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
61.90
116.62
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
107.23
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
129.17
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
127.79
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
198.88
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
36.86
36.50
31.11
47.39
49.53
61.88
68.57
67.86
..
Imports from:
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Poland
United States
China
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
45.99
26.95
..
..
..
..
40.64
..
..
..
34.16
35.65
..
..
..
..
34.33
38.72
..
..
31.84
30.82
..
..
..
79.56
28.92
46.17
..
..
35.09
69.63
..
..
..
103.19
47.17
21.05
..
63.72
34.93
59.70
..
..
..
103.58
51.03
28.77
..
60.80
58.63
53.24
..
..
..
..
..
41.54
107.32
..
63.43
78.02
..
..
..
..
67.76
56.43
..
..
62.55
76.65
..
..
..
65.61
69.79
49.14
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
UNITED STATES
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(1)
Coking coal(2)
51.55
48.47
42.98
89.91
98.10
148.39
129.77
160.32
..
Exports to:
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other OECD
Non-OECD
52.98
41.81
30.83
49.30
49.93
51.40
x
x
52.78
50.34
51.94
66.52
50.47
53.97
53.76
x
50.88
53.46
53.05
51.81
50.67
40.31
x
47.01
49.69
52.38
x
x
51.38
45.35
51.32
x
51.20
53.04
52.60
x
47.93
51.83
50.13
48.65
44.05
35.61
x
43.90
44.19
40.06
x
x
49.45
41.99
45.46
74.32
38.54
43.31
48.17
x
38.17
46.13
45.83
41.20
88.93
71.82
x
86.04
99.69
111.12
..
..
86.21
100.61
93.04
109.84
..
77.98
69.27
..
111.52
92.21
82.48
96.66
98.07
84.83
x
103.00
96.39
92.86
..
..
104.34
x
94.55
122.19
..
102.18
104.18
..
96.89
99.41
92.50
101.87
127.74
100.31
61.92
241.61
126.48
121.70
147.74
90.00
121.55
157.59
129.86
144.71
..
131.61
117.30
116.02
224.53
133.40
158.92
169.07
126.93
99.83
63.50
114.55
123.78
109.95
..
..
128.06
181.25
124.48
173.02
62.88
129.74
155.54
118.09
126.34
117.05
130.89
140.88
156.58
123.73
x
194.30
143.17
167.39
..
..
160.27
166.81
139.66
162.85
..
167.89
158.54
180.00
171.77
145.13
168.45
169.67
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Steam coal(2,3)
39.99
38.94
31.84
67.09
52.61
62.76
81.33
71.63
..
Exports to:
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Other OECD
Non-OECD
41.48
33.62
37.89
x
40.87
38.83
x
43.05
44.93
41.76
43.17
58.16
44.04
39.25
38.57
x
23.41
47.41
43.31
37.46
38.66
33.74
35.09
39.17
38.72
36.72
40.89
39.75
45.97
38.61
40.53
x
39.99
45.59
53.51
x
34.12
37.01
36.81
38.59
27.48
31.87
27.65
x
28.96
29.11
x
30.17
30.67
34.90
28.90
19.54
29.44
23.16
x
189.05
38.43
28.13
37.95
32.19
58.94
60.16
42.00
..
40.17
48.08
..
..
89.78
105.21
76.28
..
50.33
61.22
117.24
..
104.55
74.26
65.28
86.76
66.32
44.34
84.60
99.11
91.66
63.28
..
73.21
76.87
198.41
69.83
..
59.75
45.82
..
..
44.99
51.74
62.58
54.36
89.15
38.83
96.49
125.87
102.43
83.25
72.00
101.56
116.28
143.02
79.14
..
67.00
72.22
56.00
65.00
82.72
68.99
98.18
100.39
117.67
63.73
55.70
68.50
152.78
101.53
63.99
..
107.99
113.97
82.78
..
102.41
105.24
..
108.38
81.71
72.49
76.90
86.88
78.38
64.91
75.00
89.00
88.90
72.38
75.00
288.07
96.09
83.85
79.70
..
65.59
69.71
193.09
255.54
176.85
69.60
54.52
75.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA/OECD, 2012
COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART V - V.1
PART V
IEA/OECD, 2012
NON-OECD COAL DATA
IEA/OECD, 2012
GENERAL NOTES
World hard coal supply and

end-use statistics
This section provides historical data for world total
coal supply and end-use for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995,
2000, and 2005 to 2010 inclusive. These data
summarise information published in the IEA/OECD
publications Energy Statistics of OECD Countries,
2012 edition, Energy Balances of Non-OECD
Countries, 2012 edition and Energy Statistics of NonOECD Countries, 2012 edition. In cases where they
are available, estimated coal trade statistics are shown
for 2011.
Coal balances
These tables show all coal use for selected non-OECD
countries in a format whereby coal production,
imports, exports and stock changes balance
transformation uses and final consumption. The
transformation of coal into secondary products is
clearly accounted for.
(Mtce) are shown in Part I. Calorific values of coal in

non-OECD countries are published annually in
Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries.
Coal trade
Trade tables show total2, steam and coking coal
imports by origin, and steam and coking coal exports
by destination for major non-OECD coal importers
and exporters.
In order to provide a breakdown of trade between
steam coal and coking coal, the data have been
gathered from a variety of sources, including from
official submissions by OECD Member countries to
the IEA Secretariat and UNECE Member countries to
the UNECE Secretariat (in Geneva), published
national sources for each country and from
commercial publications. Data reported by exporting
countries have been used where no importing country
detail is available. Similarly, importing country data
have been used in cases where exporting countries do
not provide a breakdown of their exports by coal type.
Due to classification anomalies and differences in
reporting methods and time periods covered, the
detailed data in the trade tables may not agree with
coal trade data presented elsewhere in Coal
Information.
Calorific values used to convert primary coal data for

OECD countries to million tons of coal equivalent
Data for 2011 are preliminary and revised in the IEA

quarterly publication Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity
Quarterly Statistics.
1. Data for Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine are available only after
1990. Data for all former Soviet Union republics, as well as data for the
total Former Soviet Union before 1990, are available on CD (Energy
Statistics of Non-OECD Countries).
2. In the 2012 edition, steam coal was revised to include subbituminous coal for all countries instead of select countries, so now
comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal in
all cases. Total coal comprises steam coal, coking coal and lignite.
IEA/OECD, 2012
In Part V, the statistical tables on world coal supply

and end-use, and on coal production, consumption and
trade for the major non-OECD coal nations
supplement the information presented in Parts II
and III of this book1.
IEA/OECD, 2012
World total coal supply and end-use 1980

(million tonnes) (1)
Production
Imports
Exports
2035.7
104.5
2.9
8.0
36.7
116.8
22.8
484.2
23.2
26.0
0.1
1.3
18.1
18.6
3.1
2.1
230.0
0.2
28.3
0.0
18.6
130.1
753.0
7.2
232.4
0.0
3.2
10.2
15.6
2.3
10.0
4.7
29.4
18.3
0.5
1.6
1.2
17.3
68.6
5.0
0.8
7.3
1.0
0.4
5.7
2.2
0.9
7.3
1.1
17.7
207.6
42.4
0.0
0.5
15.3
14.8
0.0
0.4
12.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
1.5
0.1
31.9
0.0
0.0
0.2
4.0
83.3
0.2
302.9
7.4
2.4
8.0
7.4
14.0
0.1
15.7
39.2
0.4
1.7
11.3
66.0
4.7
4.0
3.7
0.2
25.4
0.3
5.9
1.7
2.6
13.7
62.9
4.4
1277.6
53.1
2.4
5.5
28.3
40.2
9.3
4.8
26.9
272.8
20.6
18.6
0.0
6.2
9.6
1.9
2.4
0.3
126.8
0.2
24.1
0.1
6.8
92.0
516.4
8.4
66.7
0.0
0.8
1.3
0.2
17.2
0.0
0.1
2.7
0.9
0.0
3.0
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.2
19.7
0.0
0.5
0.0
6.3
8.9
2.5
0.7
824.1
21.8
29.8
142.1
394.9
0.9
Asia
China, People's Republic of
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
796.4
620.2
116.1
0.3
44.1
2.6
13.2
9.1
2.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.5
4.6
1.4
7.3
6.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
150.6
127.3
17.4
4.3
1.5
0.1
178.9
126.5
41.4
5.8
2.4
2.8
120.8
115.7
4.4
0.6

Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Other Africa / Middle East
120.8
115.1
2.8
2.9
2.2
0.8
0.1
1.3
28.6
28.2
0.2
0.2
17.4
0.9
13.8
1.0
1.8
51.1
49.9
0.4
0.8
2.4
2.3
0.0
0.0
9.9
5.2
4.2
0.5
5.5
4.5
1.0
1.4
1.4
-
7.4
5.8
0.7
0.9
3.0
1.9
0.7
0.5
0.2
0.2
-
3786.9
271.0
274.6
620.3
1905.5
191.0
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Other non-OECD Americas
Total World
(1) Total coal comprises anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal and lignite.
(2) Fiscal year. See notes and definitions in Part I.
(3) Chile, Estonia, Iceland, Israel, Luxembourg, Norway, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Switzerland.
Note: Steel industry consumption includes consumption in coke ovens. Power and heat stations column includes hard coal
Note: used in electricity and CHP production by public utilities and autoproducers, and in district heating.
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries , Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
IEA/OECD, 2012
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households
V.6 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART V


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2236.4
160.7
3.1
7.7
60.9
121.0
18.9
522.9
35.9
24.1
0.1
1.9
16.4
22.5
5.2
0.1
2.5
249.4
0.2
39.7
0.0
40.0
94.1
801.6
7.6
289.1
4.0
9.6
14.6
1.4
12.5
5.1
18.9
18.2
2.0
2.4
1.9
22.4
93.4
17.1
0.6
11.7
1.1
1.4
8.4
4.9
2.7
12.7
1.8
20.5
269.4
88.6
0.0
1.3
27.4
16.3
0.1
0.0
1.0
9.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.4
0.4
36.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
2.4
84.1
0.4
262.2
5.8
2.4
7.8
6.4
13.1
0.1
12.0
32.5
1.1
0.0
10.5
69.3
7.3
3.8
4.1
0.1
20.5
0.4
5.2
1.6
3.7
10.3
39.4
4.7
1516.8
65.9
3.2
5.1
39.6
42.9
11.3
4.1
18.3
297.7
34.7
16.3
0.1
10.8
23.8
6.9
1.5
4.9
0.5
152.2
0.4
39.8
1.8
20.5
75.7
627.5
11.4
72.7
0.0
0.8
1.4
0.2
18.2
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.6
0.1
4.0
1.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
20.4
0.0
0.6
10.4
8.6
2.6
0.7
874.1
31.3
31.7
138.2
432.6
0.9
1072.6
837.3
158.5
1.9
52.0
1.9
21.0
25.7
2.3
5.5
2.0
0.0
2.5
10.1
3.2
10.1
7.8
0.2
1.0
0.3
0.8
134.8
107.5
18.9
5.0
2.7
0.7
281.3
179.0
5.2
73.2
0.2
6.8
5.2
11.8
161.4
156.2
4.6
0.5
180.1
173.5
3.1
3.5
3.7
1.2
0.0
2.5
47.8
47.6
0.1
0.1
17.6
1.2
13.0
0.8
2.6
66.0
64.0
0.9
1.1
1.9
1.9
0.1
0.0
17.0
7.7
8.8
0.6
9.3
8.0
1.3
4.7
4.7
-
11.2
9.6
0.8
0.9
4.3
2.6
1.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.0
4380.2
359.2
363.7
564.1
2301.0
237.1
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2292.8
204.6
2.4
2.4
68.3
101.4
13.5
434.0
51.9
17.8
0.0
1.0
8.0
17.2
6.9
2.6
215.3
0.3
35.7
0.0
47.4
92.8
933.6
35.6
327.1
3.6
15.0
14.2
2.3
10.3
6.1
19.5
15.7
1.4
1.8
3.1
20.6
106.9
23.7
0.2
17.5
0.0
0.6
4.7
10.5
3.5
5.6
14.8
2.4
23.2
285.9
103.4
0.0
0.7
31.0
14.2
0.1
0.6
5.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.3
28.3
0.0
0.0
2.3
96.0
0.7
246.5
6.3
2.3
7.3
5.0
11.1
0.8
11.1
24.9
1.0
0.0
8.9
66.8
11.9
2.9
3.9
0.6
18.3
0.3
4.8
1.6
4.7
10.2
37.0
4.8
1672.0
82.3
3.6
6.6
42.2
48.6
9.4
3.9
12.9
279.8
50.5
14.5
2.0
11.8
31.1
7.7
4.0
8.7
0.3
144.5
3.3
39.5
1.2
30.4
84.0
709.0
40.3
49.3
0.0
0.4
0.7
0.1
13.1
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.3
0.1
2.1
1.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
12.2
0.0
0.5
9.1
4.2
2.3
1.2
812.5
123.0
144.8
117.8
487.2
29.5
1361.5
1050.7
225.3
10.2
46.4
0.5
28.5
44.6
2.0
8.9
6.0
0.8
2.6
18.5
5.7
23.9
17.3
0.1
4.7
0.5
1.3
169.3
134.0
24.9
5.1
4.2
1.1
472.3
301.9
9.9
123.2
4.4
6.2
8.6
18.2
173.4
167.0
5.4
0.9
183.3
174.8
5.3
3.1
4.1
1.3
0.1
2.7
50.1
49.9
0.1
0.1
16.4
1.3
12.3
0.9
2.0
79.2
0.0
74.3
2.7
2.2
2.4
2.3
0.1
0.0
28.5
4.6
21.4
2.6
11.7
10.1
1.5
15.4
13.5
1.9
12.3
10.3
0.8
1.2
4.5
2.8
1.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
4678.6
510.4
520.0
562.3
2715.2
254.8
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2049.8
241.8
1.3
0.6
75.0
74.9
9.9
251.6
57.7
14.8
0.0
0.2
6.3
5.7
9.3
3.6
200.7
28.3
55.1
53.0
937.1
22.9
369.6
3.0
14.3
9.7
2.7
13.0
5.8
13.2
17.2
1.4
2.2
2.9
18.5
127.4
45.8
0.8
17.2
1.5
6.0
13.9
3.5
6.0
15.9
6.5
21.1
305.5
136.7
0.0
0.8
34.0
13.5
0.0
0.0
0.4
1.9
0.0
0.0
3.3
1.3
32.2
0.0
0.9
80.3
0.2
213.0
6.1
1.9
4.9
4.2
7.7
1.7
9.4
13.8
1.4
7.0
62.9
14.1
2.7
4.1
0.7
16.6
0.5
3.3
1.7
4.2
8.1
31.4
4.5
1692.6
89.9
2.6
6.2
46.0
45.9
10.4
4.1
10.1
225.4
56.4
13.8
2.3
8.4
47.6
16.7
7.6
9.3
0.3
118.1
4.6
38.3
0.9
41.1
59.6
796.0
31.1
36.8
0.0
0.2
0.5
0.1
4.1
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.3
0.1
1.0
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.1
14.4
0.4
7.9
2.8
2.8
0.5
531.7
52.5
52.2
84.5
373.0
18.2
1743.0
1342.2
290.4
41.8
31.3
0.2
37.0
61.8
1.6
9.1
12.5
1.0
28.8
8.8
63.9
28.6
0.7
31.3
0.4
2.9
270.4
232.9
31.2
1.0
4.2
1.1
759.9
500.5
9.7
200.0
6.5
4.6
16.4
22.1
141.1
134.8
5.4
0.9
214.2
206.2
4.7
3.3
5.4
1.5
0.4
3.5
59.9
59.7
0.2
0.0
12.0
1.5
7.7
0.7
2.0
92.7
86.4
2.8
3.4
2.6
2.6
0.0
0.0
35.3
5.2
25.7
4.4
13.5
11.8
1.7
22.6
18.3
4.3
13.2
11.4
1.1
0.6
6.3
3.7
1.8
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.0
4574.0
502.7
504.1
593.0
2924.6
198.9
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2029.5
306.7
1.2
0.4
69.2
65.2
4.1
205.1
63.9
14.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
8.3
11.3
3.5
162.8
23.5
63.3
31.2
971.6
21.2
468.5
3.5
11.6
23.2
1.1
6.4
5.1
19.0
29.7
1.2
1.9
2.8
19.0
150.3
64.9
2.4
22.6
0.0
1.5
6.4
21.6
3.1
13.0
23.4
11.4
23.3
318.4
187.0
1.4
32.1
8.7
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.6
1.6
23.3
0.0
0.7
53.1
0.6
195.6
4.9
1.9
4.3
4.2
5.6
1.3
7.0
11.6
1.3
6.7
60.0
17.1
2.7
3.1
0.7
13.2
0.5
3.8
1.8
4.3
8.2
27.4
4.0
1864.5
117.4
2.7
4.4
55.8
45.1
6.2
3.5
10.7
209.2
63.9
13.0
2.3
9.5
64.9
39.0
9.6
8.6
0.5
110.8
5.2
41.0
0.5
54.5
46.9
905.5
33.9
22.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.1
7.6
0.3
5.7
1.9
2.2
0.3
494.5
42.8
75.2
83.5
332.7
19.8
1879.3
1394.0
335.7
79.4
29.7
0.1
40.4
91.1
2.2
6.1
20.9
0.1
45.4
16.4
117.0
55.1
1.3
56.8
0.4
3.5
254.6
221.5
26.3
5.9
1.0
1009.3
644.9
6.9
272.7
16.0
4.5
33.3
31.0
84.0
77.2
5.6
1.2
231.6
0.1
224.2
4.3
3.1
9.1
1.8
1.1
0.0
6.1
70.4
0.1
69.9
0.0
0.5
11.9
1.7
6.8
1.0
2.3
104.6
98.1
2.0
4.4
1.6
1.5
0.0
0.0
53.2
6.8
38.2
8.2
15.3
13.2
2.0
43.3
35.4
7.9
14.1
12.1
1.2
0.8
8.0
6.2
0.8
1.0
0.1
0.1
-
4688.1
626.8
624.4
559.7
3319.0
127.5
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2125.1
372.6
0.1
65.3
62.0
0.6
205.9
69.4
9.6
0.1
0.1
2.8
10.8
5.3
159.5
19.5
58.3
20.5
1038.6
24.1
565.9
4.4
9.0
20.7
1.3
6.0
4.7
19.9
37.1
0.6
2.2
3.1
24.2
177.0
76.8
7.3
20.5
1.1
3.4
5.3
24.8
3.2
17.4
44.0
27.6
24.6
345.9
232.3
0.0
1.2
28.2
6.5
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.4
2.3
19.4
0.0
0.5
45.3
1.7
182.0
4.6
1.9
3.5
4.3
5.3
1.3
6.4
11.6
0.8
5.9
62.9
16.6
2.4
3.2
0.8
11.8
3.8
2.0
4.3
5.7
18.8
4.1
1865.5
129.1
3.0
3.0
52.5
44.2
5.9
2.9
10.3
212.7
69.4
10.0
2.3
16.4
92.3
52.7
14.9
8.3
2.4
112.0
5.4
39.3
0.4
52.6
52.5
833.3
37.4
19.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.3
0.0
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.2
0.3
6.5
0.6
0.2
546.8
43.6
115.3
88.5
331.9
7.6
3014.6
2299.7
437.3
170.5
34.6
72.4
166.8
26.2
10.8
38.6
0.1
60.3
30.8
170.8
17.0
2.0
128.6
2.8
20.4
459.3
410.8
42.1
5.9
0.6
1648.3
1168.1
10.0
349.3
25.6
4.7
46.0
44.6
108.0
100.4
5.5
2.0
252.2
0.0
245.0
3.6
3.6
11.3
1.8
1.9
0.1
7.6
72.0
0.0
71.4
0.5
12.4
1.7
7.6
0.8
2.2
117.7
109.2
2.3
6.2
4.9
4.9
0.0
0.0
72.6
6.3
59.1
7.3
17.2
13.7
0.0
3.5
60.8
0.0
53.6
7.2
14.8
12.9
1.0
0.9
7.9
5.1
1.0
1.8
0.1
0.1
-
6011.3
804.9
764.9
756.9
3971.3
139.6
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2159.6
385.8
0.0
66.0
62.9
0.5
200.1
64.8
10.0
0.1
0.0
2.8
11.5
5.7
156.1
18.4
64.3
18.5
1067.9
24.3
600.6
4.3
8.3
20.7
2.0
8.7
6.7
20.4
42.2
0.4
2.4
2.7
24.6
179.1
79.7
7.6
22.9
1.2
5.3
5.8
23.7
3.1
20.3
50.5
32.9
25.1
347.8
232.5
1.1
28.2
7.9
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.9
2.7
16.7
0.0
0.0
0.4
45.0
2.3
187.0
4.6
1.9
3.7
4.3
5.2
1.2
6.6
12.0
1.3
6.4
63.2
16.7
2.5
3.1
0.8
13.4
3.8
2.3
4.8
6.1
19.0
4.1
1882.0
131.8
2.7
2.6
50.2
44.0
8.9
6.4
8.6
212.9
64.0
10.0
2.0
16.7
89.5
55.1
14.7
8.2
2.3
113.3
5.4
34.7
0.6
55.2
57.9
847.0
37.3
20.8
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.8
0.0
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.3
0.3
6.8
0.6
0.2
566.8
49.3
124.7
88.7
361.2
8.8
3281.0
2475.8
462.1
233.3
35.1
74.7
191.0
38.2
11.4
43.1
0.1
62.3
35.8
282.4
63.2
1.6
183.2
2.5
31.9
506.8
454.8
45.7
5.8
0.5
1843.9
1333.3
9.9
374.8
28.3
4.9
47.9
45.0
108.1
100.4
5.6
2.1
251.8
244.8
3.4
3.6
11.8
1.8
1.9
0.0
8.1
69.3
68.7
0.5
11.9
1.7
7.1
0.8
2.3
119.4
110.7
2.2
6.4
5.6
5.5
0.0
0.0
79.6
5.9
65.6
8.1
16.5
13.4
3.1
69.7
62.0
7.7
14.3
12.5
0.9
0.8
8.7
5.6
1.1
1.9
0.1
0.1
-
6338.9
869.1
893.8
808.6
4215.2
143.4
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2170.6
400.7
69.4
62.6
0.4
204.6
66.3
9.8
0.1
0.2
2.9
12.5
4.8
145.9
17.2
75.4
17.0
1053.0
27.9
617.5
4.5
7.7
18.4
2.6
8.1
6.7
19.0
46.3
0.6
2.7
2.3
25.0
187.0
88.3
5.5
26.1
0.7
5.9
4.8
24.4
3.2
22.9
43.4
33.0
28.4
370.2
244.4
0.0
1.5
30.8
8.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.9
2.0
11.9
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.5
53.7
3.4
187.3
4.6
2.0
3.5
4.3
4.9
1.2
6.7
11.5
1.5
6.2
63.8
17.0
2.5
3.1
0.8
14.3
0.0
3.9
2.1
4.5
6.2
18.7
4.1
1894.8
132.5
2.0
2.2
53.4
47.0
7.5
5.5
9.3
220.1
65.9
10.1
1.9
17.0
94.3
60.9
14.7
8.7
1.2
109.8
4.4
36.8
0.4
66.4
53.0
829.0
40.8
21.5
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
1.2
0.5
0.8
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.8
0.3
8.1
0.6
0.2
573.6
51.6
129.2
91.7
354.9
8.1
3485.4
2634.1
491.1
248.8
30.3
81.1
221.9
51.6
12.3
49.8
0.1
0.0
65.2
42.9
290.4
53.1
1.6
194.9
3.7
37.1
528.0
480.8
40.9
5.7
0.6
2021.6
1459.4
10.6
413.1
32.4
4.0
49.5
52.7
105.6
97.6
5.8
2.2
254.6
247.7
3.5
3.4
11.5
1.7
1.8
0.0
7.9
67.5
67.0
0.5
12.2
1.7
7.5
0.8
2.3
122.3
114.0
2.2
6.1
7.1
7.1
0.0
0.0
82.2
6.0
69.9
6.3
18.4
14.9
3.5
71.7
65.3
6.4
15.6
13.8
0.9
1.0
8.5
5.1
1.2
2.1
0.1
0.1
-
6566.4
920.9
929.0
834.9
4402.2
142.4
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2169.1
397.1
67.7
60.2
0.3
194.4
65.7
9.4
0.1
0.1
2.8
11.4
4.8
144.0
10.2
79.4
18.1
1075.9
27.6
616.0
4.2
7.7
20.5
2.3
7.6
5.7
21.4
45.5
0.7
2.7
2.6
25.1
184.1
99.6
4.6
21.2
0.6
10.4
3.8
21.0
2.9
19.5
43.9
31.0
27.7
393.4
252.2
0.0
1.2
33.0
7.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.5
2.6
8.5
0.0
1.8
0.0
0.6
74.0
3.4
186.3
4.6
2.0
2.9
4.3
5.0
1.2
6.6
11.3
1.4
5.9
59.9
18.8
2.9
3.1
0.7
13.5
0.0
3.6
2.1
5.9
6.2
20.7
3.8
1971.5
131.5
1.7
2.0
50.7
43.7
6.7
3.6
8.3
208.2
64.2
9.8
1.7
16.9
90.2
68.7
10.8
8.2
2.0
107.6
4.0
21.4
0.3
71.9
48.3
948.8
40.2
23.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
1.2
0.5
0.7
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.3
0.3
9.2
0.7
0.2
609.4
57.9
136.5
90.4
372.9
11.2
3619.9
2734.4
525.2
248.8
32.3
79.2
225.3
43.6
11.3
59.0
0.1
0.0
63.8
47.3
274.6
45.3
1.7
199.9
2.6
25.0
551.3
501.9
42.2
5.9
1.4
2082.2
1503.8
9.7
429.3
32.0
4.4
47.9
55.1
99.6
91.5
5.9
2.3
258.4
252.2
2.7
3.5
12.0
1.7
2.4
0.0
7.8
58.4
57.9
0.6
11.5
1.6
7.5
0.5
1.9
136.6
128.6
1.8
6.2
7.8
7.8
0.0
0.0
85.3
6.6
73.5
5.2
19.0
15.3
3.7
73.3
68.5
4.8
15.8
13.9
1.0
0.9
8.2
4.8
1.1
2.2
0.1
0.1
-
6742.1
930.2
936.3
855.3
4571.4
141.9
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2061.6
411.6
62.9
56.4
0.1
183.6
64.9
9.0
0.1
0.1
2.5
10.5
4.6
135.2
9.4
79.5
17.9
987.6
25.7
545.3
3.2
5.0
12.9
2.0
6.7
5.9
15.5
38.5
0.3
1.7
2.1
19.5
163.7
103.0
6.0
19.9
0.7
10.8
5.1
17.0
1.9
20.4
38.2
20.5
24.7
372.9
261.7
0.0
0.9
28.6
7.7
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.7
2.1
8.5
0.1
1.4
0.0
0.6
53.6
2.4
153.7
3.6
1.8
2.0
3.0
3.6
1.1
4.7
9.2
1.0
3.7
56.3
16.2
2.4
2.5
0.8
9.6
0.0
2.4
1.6
5.4
5.2
14.4
3.3
1837.3
134.1
1.2
1.7
43.2
41.1
6.6
4.5
8.1
196.4
65.2
9.2
1.3
15.2
86.4
77.7
13.7
8.4
1.3
103.1
4.6
15.7
0.3
69.4
40.2
851.5
37.0
25.1
0.0
0.4
0.0
1.2
0.5
0.6
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.3
0.3
11.2
0.7
0.2
562.6
39.9
140.9
85.2
337.4
8.9
3873.8
2895.3
566.1
291.2
31.6
89.6
321.6
131.9
12.3
73.3
0.1
0.0
58.6
45.5
295.9
22.4
2.5
233.4
3.0
34.6
589.7
538.6
45.1
5.2
0.7
2193.7
1593.3
10.2
449.4
33.9
4.3
46.9
55.7
99.7
91.2
5.9
2.5
255.3
249.5
2.9
2.9
10.3
1.7
2.0
0.0
6.6
52.5
52.0
0.5
10.3
1.6
6.5
0.5
1.7
126.3
118.7
1.9
5.6
7.5
7.5
0.0
0.0
82.2
5.7
72.8
3.7
16.3
12.7
3.6
69.8
66.8
3.0
14.3
11.9
1.5
0.9
7.8
4.0
1.8
2.1
0.1
0.1
-
6835.6
933.5
932.0
853.1
4502.3
141.3
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households


Asia
Hong Kong, China
India(2)
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Taipei, Chinese
Other Asia
Egypt
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Non-OECD Americas
Brazil
Colombia
Total World
Production
Imports
Exports
2070.4
424.1
67.9
55.2
0.3
182.3
56.5
9.1
0.1
0.1
2.1
10.1
5.3
133.2
8.4
73.4
18.4
996.1
27.7
579.5
3.1
5.8
12.6
2.1
4.6
5.9
17.6
45.7
0.7
2.1
1.6
22.1
185.4
118.6
7.7
20.5
0.3
13.6
2.8
12.8
3.3
21.3
26.5
17.6
25.4
430.9
292.6
0.0
0.6
33.4
7.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.9
2.4
10.1
0.1
1.5
0.0
0.7
74.1
1.6
182.8
4.2
2.0
2.6
3.9
3.6
1.2
4.9
11.4
1.4
5.5
61.1
21.0
2.7
2.9
0.8
13.1
0.0
2.8
2.0
6.6
5.8
19.8
3.5
1877.7
130.9
1.6
1.5
43.7
42.8
6.4
5.6
7.6
198.3
57.8
9.1
1.5
15.1
90.0
83.2
14.7
7.9
0.7
106.2
2.6
11.0
0.4
62.8
42.0
892.2
42.1
28.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
1.3
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.4
0.3
13.1
0.7
0.2
616.5
46.6
171.2
90.1
326.9
8.1
4170.8
3140.2
570.4
325.0
32.0
103.3
376.4
163.1
10.3
84.6
0.1
63.2
55.2
337.1
19.1
4.4
267.2
4.6
41.8
643.7
579.6
56.4
7.0
0.7
2323.6
1698.0
8.8
465.2
35.6
4.1
46.2
65.8
100.3
91.6
6.0
2.8
260.7
254.5
3.1
3.1
10.7
1.6
1.8
0.0
7.1
67.0
66.4
0.7
12.0
1.6
8.7
0.5
1.2
134.1
126.3
2.1
5.7
3.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
82.7
5.4
74.4
2.9
19.6
15.9
3.7
70.7
68.1
2.6
17.1
14.1
2.2
0.8
8.8
4.8
1.6
2.4
0.1
0.1
-
7201.1
1032.8
1077.0
945.6
4671.0
139.6
IEA/OECD, 2012
Total OECD
Australia(2)
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan(2)
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand(2)
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
End-use sectors
Steel
Power and
industry
heat plants
Households
BRAZIL
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
3.6
5.3
-0.4
5.1
8.6
0.7
2.8
11.3
-0.2
2.9
14.0
0.0
3.8
14.8
0.1
3.5
15.2
-0.0
-0.1
3.2
13.0
-0.5
3.0
17.3
0.4
-2.5
7.9
-
0.4
2.2
-
Primary supply
8.5
14.4
13.8
16.9
18.6
18.6
15.7
20.6
5.0
2.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
-0.1
0.2
-0.0
-0.0
0.1
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-4.0
-6.1
-6.7
-8.0
-9.3
-9.3
-7.9
-9.3
5.2
1.7

-1.3
-1.0
-0.3
-2.0
-1.5
-0.5
-2.1
-1.4
-0.7
-2.5
-1.9
-0.6
-4.6
-3.3
-1.3
-4.1
-2.7
-1.5
-3.7
-2.2
-1.6
-4.6
-2.5
-2.1
5.4
3.6
10.3
3.8
2.8
5.5
Autoproducers
Gas works
-2.8
-2.2
-0.6
-
-4.2
-3.4
-0.8
-
-4.5
-3.4
-1.1
-
-5.5
-4.6
-1.0
-
-4.7
-4.2
-0.6
-
-5.2
-4.9
-0.3
-
-4.1
-4.0
-0.2
-
-4.7
-4.9
0.2
-
5.1
4.5
7.3
-
0.2
1.8
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.4
-0.8
-0.8
-0.9
-0.8
-0.8
-0.6
-0.7
6.1
-0.8
Losses
-0.9
-1.5
-0.9
-1.0
-0.5
-0.5
-0.2
-0.4
3.3
6.1
5.5
7.0
8.2
7.9
7.0
10.3
5.2
3.2
3.1
2.5
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
5.8
3.7
0.2
1.4
0.2
0.2
5.4
3.7
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.4
6.9
5.4
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.6
8.0
6.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
1.0
7.7
5.9
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.3
6.8
5.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
1.1
10.1
7.7
0.2
0.1
0.1
2.0
5.5
4.1
47.6
7.2
8.3
14.5
3.2
3.7
1.7
-8.8
-1.6
8.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-12.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
-0.9
1.3
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

BRAZIL
Total coal imports by origin*
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
3547
8049
10146
11790
14833
13699
12670
17307
19471
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
3503
164
600
15
2724
-
7958
958
899
861
5240
-
9801
1291
1108
1249
5219
-
11438
3448
625
790
5498
-
10695
5247
1382
4066
-
9396
3501
1944
3523
128
9146
3483
728
4935
-
12716
3986
1284
7303
-
11971
1623
1748
7729
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
254
670
x
10
85
932
x
39
21
x
-
300
x
-
x
-
3
61
x
30
49
-
x
871
44
11
-
91
13
78
-
345
158
98
5
5
79
-
352
140
37
13
-
4138
18
2
-
4303
32
660
644
3524
758
212
999
-
4591
682
134
68
39
7500
82
1595
115
x
x
33
-
x
x
-
x
-
62
x
100
-
585
149
468
1919
x
997
-
366
426
211
249
x
514
226
450
429
96
855
130
x
191
365
14
6
1601
895
x
387
166
608
5
6
2512
1103
x
1216
174
420
277

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

(3) Data for former Republics are not available separately for some countries.
(4) Steam coal now comprises anthracite, other bituminous coal and sub-bituminous coal.
* In these tables coal used for PCI and for blending has been classified by the IEA as steam coal. Accordingly, trade data reported
* in these tables may differ from those reported in Part III where this coal is shown as coking coal to be consistent with data reported
* by importing countries and with industry terminology and practice.
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
BULGARIA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
7.4
6.1
-0.1
7.5
7.4
-
7.7
5.5
-0.1
0.1
7.6
3.5
-0.0
-0.2
6.2
3.5
-0.2
-0.2
6.0
3.7
-0.0
0.3
6.6
2.5
-0.0
0.1
7.1
2.5
-0.1
0.4
0.4
-1.0
-
-0.4
-3.9
-1.5
Primary supply
13.4
15.0
13.2
10.9
9.2
9.9
9.2
9.9
-0.2
-1.4
-0.0
0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
0.0
-0.1
-8.3
-8.5
-10.6
-9.0
-7.7
-8.5
-8.7
-9.2
2.5
-0.7

-7.7
-7.4
-0.2
-7.8
-7.6
-0.3
-10.2
-9.4
-0.7
-8.1
-7.3
-0.8
-7.1
-6.8
-0.2
-8.1
-7.9
-0.2
-8.6
-8.6
-0.0
-9.1
-9.1
-
2.9
2.5
11.6
-0.5
-0.2
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.6
0.0
-0.5
-0.2
-
-0.7
-0.1
-0.4
-0.2
-
-0.5
-0.0
-0.0
-0.4
-
-0.8
-0.0
-0.5
-0.3
-
-0.6
-0.0
-0.4
-0.3
-
-0.4
0.1
-0.4
-0.1
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-3.1
-21.1
7.1
-
-11.0
3.7
-
0.0
Energy ind. own use
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.2
-0.0
-0.0
-20.7
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
5.1
6.5
2.3
1.6
1.1
1.1
0.5
0.6
-7.6
-6.3
3.6
0.5
3.1
5.2
0.7
4.5
1.2
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.9
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
-10.2
3.6
-23.7
-5.8
-14.1
-1.9
2.6
-5.8
0.0
1.5
1.2
0.2
1.3
1.1
0.2
1.1
0.0
1.0
0.1
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
-3.1
-2.2
-11.9
-6.9
-6.3
-6.7
-11.7
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

BULGARIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
6201
8054
5790
3453
1184
1744
3081
2939
3235
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1921
-
1553
29
-
1100
44
-
1734
177
542
5
536
140
298
-
10
1
8
-
14
-
1921
x
x
-
1524
x
x
-
x
156
900
-
100
x
110
800
-
x
98
-
x
1
-
x
9
3
2
x
-
x
-
4280
-
6501
-
4690
-
1719
5
4
648
-
1734
66
100
38
-
3066
1
12
2939
44
3235
2
4280
x
x
-
6501
x
x
-
x
4690
-
60
x
1010
640
-
285
x
363
-
x
858
623
49
x
1180
1829
44
x
251
2599
45
x
529
2692
12

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
443.9
1.5
-6.0
7.1
584.4
1.7
-7.4
-18.9
748.4
1.5
-17.3
22.2
964.8
1.2
-35.0
-2.7
1050.9
2.1
-65.1
29.1
1717.7
23.5
-26.5
-27.7
2162.6
105.9
-18.0
-69.1
2345.5
133.5
-17.5
-153.3
5.4
-0.0
11.1
5.9
25.2
0.1
Primary supply
446.5
559.8
754.7
928.2
1017.0
1687.0
2181.5
2308.2
5.4
5.7
-15.6
-15.7
-33.5
30.3
-2.5
39.1
-3.9
-26.7
Autoproducers
Gas works
-111.8
-143.9
-243.0
-398.1
-525.6
-946.2
-1286.1
-1388.9
8.1
9.1
-88.7
-88.2
-0.5
-122.2
-121.7
-0.5
-209.4
-208.5
-1.0
-347.9
-346.2
-1.6
-471.0
-468.4
-2.6
-824.6
-744.4
-80.1
-1123.2
-1022.9
-100.3
-1213.4
-1092.7
-120.7
9.0
9.0
7.0
9.2
8.6
27.3
-0.5
0.1
-2.1
-2.6
-3.9
-5.5
-5.8
-4.1
14.9
3.4
-22.6
-13.9
-8.7
-
-21.8
-14.4
-7.4
-
-31.5
-22.2
-9.3
-
-47.6
-35.5
-12.0
-0.1
-50.7
-34.2
-16.1
-0.4
-116.1
-92.1
-29.3
5.3
-157.1
-117.8
-44.9
5.5
-171.4
-127.8
-48.9
5.2
3.4
4.8
0.7
-
8.8
9.2
8.6
-
Energy ind. own use
-4.5
-8.3
-21.2
-39.6
-54.5
-82.1
-88.9
-95.6
16.7
7.8
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-0.1
314.5
391.9
457.0
520.8
434.2
697.8
802.6
797.1
3.8
2.8
197.8
47.4
42.1
32.5
5.5
70.3
226.2
29.9
31.1
59.4
8.5
97.2
258.0
33.5
31.6
73.5
10.0
109.4
356.1
71.9
60.4
97.2
14.0
112.7
308.4
69.4
35.4
103.6
11.3
88.8
509.2
132.2
57.0
167.1
15.2
137.7
616.0
206.8
69.0
201.9
17.0
121.4
608.6
220.0
66.1
197.8
16.6
108.1
2.7
-3.4
-2.8
8.5
6.2
4.5
4.4
9.9
3.8
5.1
2.6
-0.1
13.6
15.8
14.0
9.0
6.1
7.4
5.9
5.9
0.3
-4.2
103.2
3.2
81.1
18.8
138.1
4.9
106.8
26.4
154.5
8.6
116.9
29.0
136.0
7.9
99.8
28.3
93.2
10.7
65.4
17.1
135.6
15.7
94.5
25.3
126.3
17.5
82.6
26.2
129.9
17.4
85.1
27.3
4.1
10.3
3.7
4.4
-0.9
3.6
-1.6
-0.3
11.9
30.5
19.7
26.5
45.7
54.3
52.7
2.8

IEA/OECD, 2012


Total coal
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
2440
2307
2003
1635
2119
26173
132098
163094
190531
200
200
-
900
600
300
-
354
248
106
547
547
-
7195
4422
1239
179
34417
22650
3260
512
244
34774
15559
3025
2554
138
42388
11551
2973
3758
344
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
61
1294
1814
x
1911
4026
23
767
x
1804
39
10865
31
567
x
2975
20189
2440
-
2107
-
1103
-
1281
1064
-
1572
1034
-
18978
2307
12
796
97679
16664
1034
1
338
75
122941
6097
9710
332
26
148143
22258
1455
861
150
x
x
2440
x
x
2107
x
1103
171
x
46
-
141
325
x
72
-
2260
x
791
11469
1343
37370
848
x
11073
1
24715
5560
1544
27092
3287
x
6073
1
51963
16816
1279
71018
10402
x
6918
10
22063
11729
5379

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)

Coking coal exports by destination
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
300
300
300
-
2500
1211
1211
-
4000
1302
1301
1
-
4555
3312
63
63
2201
985
-
6470
5989
3631
2358
-
5260
4984
3279
1627
78
-
1463
1388
184
969
235
-
1241
1025
383
642
-
2897
2195
978
1103
114
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other Eastern Europe
Other FSU
Other Middle East
1289
400
889
-
2698
100
400
2198
-
1243
57
48
125
2
1011
-
481
21
360
100
-
276
266
10
-
75
75
-
216
216
-
702
326
173
203
-
Non-specified/Other
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)

(2) Australia, Chile, Estonia, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Switzerland.
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)

Steam coal(1) exports by destination
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
2820
534
21
513
-
5270
2663
112
29
46
9
2427
1
34
5
13280
6879
292
57
100
1776
8
310
3258
838
152
4
8
69
7
24062
17495
406
956
57
13
455
7717
7362
449
80
-
48578
33172
109
114
452
228
383
12585
18760
2
146
36
199
43
107
8
-
66413
37207
297
70
8
79
2
15947
18481
8
148
24
184
1736
163
60
-
21331
15445
2
3
5906
9250
1
11
2
62
205
3
-
18814
12842
114
6060
6464
6
189
9
-
10579
8688
4
3
4206
4455
9
11
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
2286
2286
-
2607
700
1907
-
6401
1708
4693
-
6567
29
3988
1469
264
103
714
13
15406
585
9076
1963
1562
36
2182
2
-
29162
293
20992
993
3492
138
3
3186
65
2
5886
4
4872
122
12
876
3
5972
4198
395
2
1377
-
1891
1872
16
3
44
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
CHINESE TAIPEI
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2.3
4.5
-0.0
-1.2
1.6
9.5
-0.0
-0.8
0.4
17.5
-0.0
-1.6
0.2
27.2
-2.6
0.1
41.4
-0.0
1.2
55.2
-0.0
-0.6
53.3
-0.0
1.3
59.2
-0.1
0.1
-15.6
14.7
13.6
6.3
8.0
5.6
10.3
16.3
24.8
42.7
54.5
54.5
59.2
11.3
6.7
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.9
-1.7
-0.4
-0.7
-1.6
-2.4
-6.2
-10.2
-17.5
-32.8
-44.4
-44.2
-45.0
15.6
7.7

-2.2
-2.2
-
-5.2
-4.8
-0.4
-8.4
-7.3
-1.2
-15.5
-12.6
-2.9
-29.8
-22.7
-7.1
-41.4
-31.5
-9.9
-41.7
-32.0
-9.7
-41.8
-32.1
-9.7
14.3
12.6
-
8.3
7.7
11.2
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.2
-0.2
-
-1.0
-0.9
-0.1
-
-1.8
-1.6
-0.2
-
-1.9
-1.8
-0.1
-
-3.0
-2.7
-0.2
-
-3.0
-2.9
-0.1
-
-2.5
-2.3
-0.2
-
-3.2
-3.2
-0.0
-
25.9
2.4
-
2.9
3.5
-10.7
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.3
-0.7
-0.8
-1.1
-1.1
-1.0
-1.3
37.5
2.9
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
-0.2
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
3.1
3.6
5.1
5.7
7.1
8.5
8.7
11.2
5.0
4.0
3.0
1.2
0.2
1.2
0.1
0.2
3.5
0.6
0.4
2.2
0.1
0.1
4.9
1.0
1.0
2.5
0.3
0.1
5.4
1.1
1.4
2.4
0.4
0.2
6.8
1.8
2.7
2.0
0.3
0.2
8.2
1.8
3.4
2.3
0.4
0.3
8.5
1.7
4.4
1.8
0.4
0.1
9.8
2.2
5.1
2.0
0.4
0.2
5.0
-1.8
16.1
7.4
11.4
-8.8
3.5
3.7
8.6
-1.3
2.0
5.1
Transport(7)
0.0
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-23.3
-22.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
1.3
9.7
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

CHINESE TAIPEI
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
1386
10092
18468
28681
45503
60370
63849
64818
66320
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
1386
918
263
205
-
2562
1837
475
250
-
4237
2749
1050
438
-
4580
3451
693
336
-
6093
3524
1232
-
5211
4778
136
47
-
3352
2806
379
77
-
8088
7390
429
227
-
3819
3694
125
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
100
-
x
1337
-
3
112
x
17
118
x
90
-
x
42
-
x
-
7530
3400
2800
-
14231
3800
3677
-
24101
6321
2442
-
39410
12474
514
1290
55159
15342
261
21
60497
23142
545
3
56730
21441
402
9
62501
22675
930
14
x
x
-
100
1230
x
x
-
529
625
5600
x
-
3893
6203
5073
x
106
63
-
8371
13740
2873
x
78
70
18942
18430
329
x
1226
133
475
4616
27842
2279
x
1939
39
92
4181
2099
24228
2748
x
1530
50
42
2168
952
27318
4408
x
3716
41
279

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
COLOMBIA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
3.9
-1.4
0.1
8.1
-4.3
-0.9
19.8
-12.6
-2.8
23.8
-17.1
-1.6
35.5
-33.0
1.3
54.8
0.0
-49.8
-1.2
67.6
-62.5
-0.6
69.0
-64.4
-
17.8
24.9
6.4
8.5
Primary supply
2.6
2.9
4.4
5.1
3.8
3.9
4.5
4.6
5.6
0.2
1.0
1.2
0.3
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.3
-0.8
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
-1.5
-2.0
-2.3
-2.4
-1.2
-1.4
-2.2
-2.1
4.6
-0.4

-0.7
-0.4
-0.3
-1.1
-0.8
-0.3
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
-1.7
-1.2
-0.5
-0.8
-0.7
-0.1
-1.0
-0.8
-0.2
-1.7
-1.5
-0.2
-1.5
-1.4
-0.1
8.2
9.5
6.2
0.1
2.0
-9.3
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.8
-0.6
-0.3
-
-0.9
-0.6
-0.3
-
-0.8
-0.6
-0.2
-
-0.7
-0.6
-0.1
-
-0.4
-0.3
-0.1
-
-0.4
-0.3
-0.1
-
-0.5
-0.3
-0.2
-
-0.6
-0.3
-0.4
-
0.5
1.1
-0.8
-
-1.4
-3.9
2.3
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
0.7
-10.4
Losses
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.7
3.2
2.5
2.4
1.6
1.7
-1.9
1.7
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.3
1.8
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.3
0.4
2.1
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.3
0.4
2.5
0.5
0.1
0.9
0.4
0.5
3.1
0.6
0.2
1.2
0.5
0.6
2.4
0.5
0.1
0.9
0.4
0.5
2.3
0.5
0.1
0.9
0.4
0.4
1.5
0.3
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.3
2.2
-1.3
-1.9
2.9
2.8
2.0
-1.7
5.3
-0.3
-3.9
-0.7
-2.0
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-11.8
-3.4
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.2
0.2
-
0.2
0.2
-
0.2
0.2
-
0.2
0.2
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
0.1
-
-2.6
-2.6
-
-4.2
-4.2
-
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

COLOMBIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)
100
-
93
50
1
49
-
128
82
76
6
-
1062
657
420
30
1
158
10
38
-
159
8
8
-
202
202
9
61
132
-
82
82
24
58
-
443
410
42
2
189
40
86
51
-
112
112
43
11
27
31
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
100
100
-
43
43
-
46
46
-
405
405
-
151
151
-
33
33
-
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
COLOMBIA
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
50
-
3073
1587
51
332
347
2
19
100
180
150
134
183
89
-
13377
12623
170
2077
334
2033
351
548
290
35
1634
390
404
108
2136
1305
808
17212
15392
269
213
1116
203
1228
995
886
148
27
2450
155
727
665
2648
2483
1179
33565
32284
153
1590
819
2832
899
773
1694
6822
2544
908
83
4950
6412
1805
53609
50231
499
2086
1225
2181
2873
4620
2442
5581
2467
1946
2525
2576
17260
1950
67222
63050
162
1797
1902
69
2150
6354
19
2456
1746
29
303
14752
17
141
1859
2430
2387
4310
14923
5244
70927
53818
165
2096
1358
411
1934
180
152
3194
1771
487
1115
854
10419
317
194
1101
2616
2738
5417
12973
4326
75413
64363
23
240
1487
4405
29
1608
2070
148
5595
1408
231
278
354
13483
97
2316
3250
6046
7284
8292
5719
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
50
50
-
310
100
210
100
702
600
29
73
548
1820
69
344
51
1556
886
1159
149
69
146
1321
773
3051
279
7
121
3303
4620
4172
723
1004
41
191
6185
2456
16830
1144
3928
2099
289
72
3525
277
9235
3194
11050
1631
1441
660
9
3578
30
1139
6525
5595
1176
52
122
327
279
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
HONG KONG (CHINA)

Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
0.0
-
4.9
-
7.9
-
8.0
-
5.3
-
9.5
-
10.9
-
9.1
-
98.2
-
0.7
-
Primary supply
0.0
4.9
7.9
8.0
5.3
9.5
10.9
9.1
98.2
0.7
-0.3
0.8
0.5
0.7
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.1
-4.3
-8.2
-7.9
-5.3
-7.9
-8.1
-6.9
-0.9
-4.5
-4.5
-
-8.7
-8.7
-
-8.6
-8.6
-
-6.1
-6.1
-
-8.8
-8.8
-
-9.0
-9.0
-
-7.7
-7.7
-
-0.6
-0.6
-
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
15.6
3.1
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-8.9
-8.9
-
Energy ind. own use
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.8
1.6
2.7
2.2
15.1
8.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.8
1.9
1.9
1.4
1.4
4.5
-12.4
6.9
24.0
24.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
-
0.2
0.1
0.1
-
0.4
0.2
0.2
-
0.6
0.3
0.4
-
0.8
0.3
0.4
-
0.8
0.3
0.5
-
0.8
0.3
0.5
-
0.8
0.3
0.5
-
15.9
16.0
15.8
-
3.1
2.6
3.6
-

IEA/OECD, 2012

HONG KONG (CHINA)

1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
5523
8928
9109
6058
10823
14355
10324
12946
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
43
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
-
43
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
8
-
5523
1986
584
-
8928
3003
108
-
9109
2568
-
6015
276
-
10823
-
14355
1300
-
10324
441
-
12946
1350
-
8
x
x
-
709
2244
x
x
-
1708
234
659
3216
x
-
1233
344
2192
2770
x
2
-
2265
2846
567
x
61
-
938
9825
x
60
-
122
12473
339
x
67
54
395
9303
x
135
50
11374
x
222
-

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
INDIA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
76.6
0.5
-0.1
-6.4
105.2
2.0
-0.1
-2.6
149.6
6.0
-0.1
-7.8
186.9
12.5
-0.5
-4.6
208.9
21.1
-1.0
1.6
268.2
37.2
-1.4
-6.9
349.9
67.8
-1.8
-11.9
349.3
70.5
-3.0
-5.0
6.9
27.4
-0.9
4.3
13.2
20.9
Primary supply
70.6
104.4
147.7
194.2
230.7
297.2
404.0
411.9
7.7
5.3
2.2
2.3
2.1
2.2
2.1
-0.5
-2.5
-5.8
-32.6
-54.5
-87.7
-139.2
-183.2
-232.2
-298.6
-296.8
10.4
6.3

-26.3
-25.0
-1.3
-47.4
-44.6
-2.8
-79.4
-74.8
-4.6
-128.2
-121.2
-7.0
-171.8
-161.2
-10.6
-217.3
-202.0
-15.3
-285.4
-250.1
-35.3
-287.8
-258.2
-29.6
11.7
11.6
13.5
6.7
6.4
9.7
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-6.3
-0.1
-5.1
-1.1
-
-7.2
-0.2
-5.1
-1.8
-
-8.3
-0.3
-5.2
-2.8
-
-11.0
-0.3
-5.7
-5.0
-
-11.4
-0.2
-8.3
-2.8
-
-14.9
-0.2
-8.3
-6.4
-
-13.2
-0.2
-8.0
-5.0
-
-8.9
-0.3
-7.0
-1.7
-
2.7
7.9
0.1
10.1
-
0.4
-0.0
1.5
-2.6
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.9
-1.3
-2.4
-2.4
-1.7
-1.8
-1.4
-1.1
10.1
-4.0
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
39.3
50.9
59.7
54.8
47.8
62.7
101.5
108.3
4.3
3.0
21.1
8.5
1.9
5.1
1.4
4.1
31.5
9.2
2.7
6.2
1.8
11.7
41.0
12.5
3.9
9.5
2.0
13.2
38.6
15.5
4.7
9.9
2.3
6.1
36.0
13.7
3.5
12.7
1.8
4.2
49.3
20.6
2.4
12.7
1.8
11.8
75.1
24.0
2.5
14.3
2.1
32.2
88.7
33.8
2.9
15.2
2.4
34.4
6.9
3.9
7.4
6.3
3.6
12.3
3.9
5.1
-1.5
2.4
0.8
4.9
7.8
6.4
3.5
0.2
-7.8
10.4
4.4
3.2
2.7
13.0
5.0
3.6
4.5
15.2
5.3
4.3
5.7
16.1
5.6
4.2
6.3
11.9
4.1
4.0
3.7
13.4
4.2
3.8
5.3
26.4
5.1
4.1
17.2
19.7
5.3
4.2
10.2
3.9
1.7
3.0
7.5
1.3
0.1
-0.1
3.0

IEA/OECD, 2012

INDIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
220
2030
5100
12510
16565
38586
73602
100100
105784
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
220
20
200
-
1936
1936
-
5000
4665
284
51
9370
8283
187
8372
7824
11
63
16892
13973
837
92
23464
20405
1
1515
816
23908
21863
1558
165
19339
17110
83
2040
-
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
x
900
474
x
-
603
1365
x
22
-
149
557
x
21
-
70
226
x
6
20
102
x
4
-
94
94
-
100
100
-
3140
1
8193
2748
-
21694
1438
86
-
50138
1523
26
-
76192
8954
1
147
-
86445
8209
1
374
15
x
x
-
x
x
-
x
-
399
x
2740
1610
2256
1507
x
72
-
3152
13889
3044
x
33
52
12
30958
16542
x
99
97
150
731
2
233
43889
22700
x
220
46
5
65514
11799
x
528
-

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
INDONESIA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
0.2
0.0
-0.1
0.0
1.6
0.0
-0.8
-
8.4
0.6
-3.9
-
34.1
-26.1
1.0
64.9
0.1
-47.4
-
140.3
0.1
-107.3
-
238.3
0.1
-194.8
-
266.2
0.1
-222.7
-
42.2
32.6
45.1
18.9
-11.5
22.4
0.2
0.8
5.1
9.0
17.7
33.1
43.6
43.5
36.5
11.4
-0.0
0.9
1.3
0.4
1.0
-2.0
-3.2
1.6
-0.0
-0.1
-3.3
-4.9
-12.0
-19.2
-25.5
-26.8
71.3
11.0
-0.1
-0.1
-
-3.3
-3.3
-
-4.9
-4.9
-
-12.0
-9.9
-2.1
-19.2
-12.7
-6.5
-25.5
-16.2
-9.3
-26.8
-18.0
-8.8
11.0
8.8
-
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply

Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
3.9
3.9
-
-6.8
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.1
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
0.1
1.4
3.0
4.5
6.6
11.9
14.9
18.4
37.1
9.4
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
1.4
0.0
1.4
3.0
0.0
3.0
4.5
4.5
6.6
1.7
0.6
4.4
11.9
3.9
0.9
7.2
14.9
5.2
0.9
8.9
18.4
4.7
1.3
12.3
39.5
3.3
57.3
9.4
7.3
0.0
0.0
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
Non-energy use
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)

IEA/OECD, 2012

INDONESIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)
46
46
46
-
258
258
44
214
-
650
650
209
441
-
958
536
44
359
46
87
2073
73
73
-
2210
252
252
-
567
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
422
218
36
168
-
2000
1800
200
-
1958
1788
170
-
567
567
-
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
INDONESIA
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
32
-
978
306
306
-
4574
961
6
38
663
33
133
88
28908
11743
18
285
65
172
31
5998
1795
855
881
86
748
809
54480
27791
105
133
1637
13101
4825
2700
7
70
2793
627
1793
118396
45977
6
306
109
80
2422
19511
12885
1076
119
3146
1772
1884
2661
231378
87421
64
387
13
1
30
7
5711
33117
33541
77
3333
4772
1391
2056
2921
264995
94212
36
6835
35746
43102
2804
2616
46
165
1583
1279
308910
81210
33
5768
29408
39482
69
504
3433
228
805
1480
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
32
32
-
672
672
-
3613
105
546
660
110
2192
70
-
17147
123
336
5556
4481
1800
4582
269
719
-
26689
468
142
11786
2816
3373
8032
978
-
58073
146
1008
19132
9826
11657
155
16004
65
53
919
12
143925
36121
24137
10559
38129
34
34068
478
952
301
170719
57430
21280
8725
44025
1118
37194
770
821
101
227700
70984
26634
11775
73599
75
85
43619
775
550
144
18
14346
32
64
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
KAZAKHSTAN
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
82.9
6.8
-32.6
-
53.1
1.5
-13.3
-
48.8
1.0
-21.8
0.3
54.7
1.4
-15.6
0.2
63.3
0.8
-18.1
-0.2
69.4
0.8
-19.7
-1.2
x
x
x
-0.9
-9.9
-2.5
Primary supply
57.1
41.3
28.2
40.7
45.7
49.3
-0.7
1.6
-0.0
1.8
2.0
-34.5
-24.3
-23.5
-28.2
-26.8
-28.4
-1.0

x
x
x
x
x
x
-34.4
-34.4
-
-23.9
-23.9
-
-20.9
-20.9
-
-25.8
-25.8
-
-24.3
-24.3
-
-25.7
-25.7
-
x
x
x
-1.4
-1.4
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.3
-0.3
-
-2.6
-0.9
-1.7
0.0
-2.4
-0.9
-1.5
0.0
-2.5
-1.1
-1.4
-
-2.6
-1.1
-1.5
-
x
x
x
x
x
17.0
13.8
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.4
-0.7
-0.7
-1.1
-1.2
Losses
-0.1
-1.3
-0.7
-1.3
22.5
16.7
5.5
10.5
18.9
20.5
-0.5
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
22.5
1.2
21.3
16.7
2.3
14.4
4.5
1.3
3.2
9.6
1.4
8.2
13.5
4.6
0.0
0.7
8.2
14.7
4.6
0.0
0.9
9.2
x
x
x
x
x
x
-2.1
6.8
-4.1
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.0
0.0
-
0.0
0.0
-
5.4
1.0
1.6
2.8
5.8
1.1
1.7
3.1
x
x
x
x
Non-energy use
1.0
0.9
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

KAZAKHSTAN
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
3277
1302
668
31
267
237
159
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
96
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-
x
92
4
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
3277
-
1113
30
-
668
-
31
-
267
-
234
-
158
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
3277
-
x
1037
46
-
2
x
480
186
x
31
-
x
267
-
x
234
-
x
158
-
93

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
KAZAKHSTAN
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1999
9
9
-
291
-
2311
-
473
-
294
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1990
14
1959
10
7
-
2311
2311
-
473
473
-
294
294
-
Non-specified/Other
291

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
KAZAKHSTAN
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
53210
-
18769
-
25300
-
21308
116
39
4
73
-
28822
254
19
235
-
12515
298
49
2
9
238
-
31781
499
151
7
341
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
53210
53210
-
18769
18226
16
527
-
25300
24080
1220
-
21192
21192
-
28568
28568
-
12217
12217
-
31282
5
31277
-
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
ROMANIA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
11.6
6.4
-
14.7
7.3
-
12.4
6.4
-0.3
11.3
4.4
-0.3
0.1
8.0
2.7
-0.0
-0.1
8.3
4.2
-0.0
0.1
9.4
1.5
-0.0
-0.1
8.4
1.8
-0.1
-0.2
0.7
0.1
-
-1.9
-6.3
-
Primary supply
17.9
22.0
18.5
15.4
10.6
12.5
10.8
9.9
0.3
-3.1
-0.3
-0.7
-0.1
-0.3
-0.1
0.3
0.0
0.1
-9.6
-13.6
-13.6
-12.7
-9.2
-10.6
-9.6
-8.9
3.6
-2.1

-6.7
-6.7
-
-10.0
-7.5
-2.6
-11.3
-9.2
-2.0
-10.9
-10.7
-0.2
-8.0
-7.7
-0.3
-9.1
-8.5
-0.6
-9.1
-8.5
-0.6
-8.4
-7.7
-0.6
5.3
3.2
-
-1.5
-0.9
-5.6
Autoproducers
Gas works
-2.9
-0.5
-2.6
-0.1
0.4
-3.6
-0.5
-3.0
-0.5
0.4
-2.4
-0.2
-1.9
-0.3
0.1
-1.8
-1.3
-0.5
-
-1.2
-0.9
-0.4
-
-1.5
-1.3
-0.2
-
-0.5
-0.5
-0.1
-
-0.5
-0.5
-0.0
-
-1.9
-6.9
-3.0
9.2
-9.5
-7.7
-6.8
-23.0
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.1
-0.2
-0.4
-0.2
-0.1
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
-0.2
-0.2
-0.0
-0.1
-0.0
-0.0
8.1
7.7
4.5
2.0
1.1
1.7
0.9
1.0
-5.7
-7.1
4.9
3.8
1.1
4.8
4.0
0.8
3.1
2.5
0.2
0.1
0.4
1.9
1.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
1.0
0.8
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.6
1.4
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.9
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.0
1.0
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.0
-4.4
-4.2
-10.9
-5.6
-5.9
-1.0
-0.9
-21.3
0.0
0.0
3.2
0.5
2.6
2.9
0.6
2.3
1.3
0.9
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-8.4
5.2
-16.4
-17.7
-18.6
-16.7
0.0

IEA/OECD, 2012

ROMANIA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
4669
6048
4981
4734
2522
2980
1377
1150
1613
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
3600
675
673
-
4000
595
1051
-
3600
1200
12
100
1188
-
4675
513
57
2
147
98
1437
165
2370
62
678
-
1577
547
-
328
17
292
-
233
233
-
627
627
-
2252
x
x
-
2354
x
x
-
400
x
500
200
-
124
x
1741
97
294
x
1630
-
x
1030
-
x
19
-
x
-
x
-
1069
-
2048
-
1381
33
16
11
-
30
2
-
152
-
1140
230
-
949
-
764
-
986
10
18
1069
x
x
-
2048
x
x
-
x
1321
-
x
3
1
24
69
x
32
51
-
x
832
78
-
x
2
53
894
16
37
x
448
194
69
30
148
x
404
376
-
29
263
100
153

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
274.9
50.1
-57.7
5.7
186.7
20.0
-26.8
4.6
183.6
22.0
-36.4
2.2
224.9
19.5
-79.7
-3.8
219.5
20.8
-98.1
-6.0
257.2
21.9
-122.8
7.8
x
x
x
-0.3
-4.1
3.8
Primary supply
273.0
184.5
171.4
160.9
136.1
164.0
-2.5
6.0
5.7
-4.0
-3.9
12.3
-21.3
-181.8
-143.2
-138.0
-136.7
-119.4
-112.0
-2.4

x
x
x
x
x
x
-149.9
-124.2
-25.7
-115.6
-88.1
-27.5
-114.1
-80.6
-33.5
-109.8
-74.6
-35.2
-92.0
-65.4
-26.6
-84.3
-54.4
-29.9
x
x
x
-2.8
-4.0
0.8
Autoproducers
Gas works
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-31.9
-1.5
-19.4
-10.9
-
-27.6
-0.6
-16.7
-10.3
-
-23.8
-0.0
-14.0
-9.8
-
-26.9
-0.0
-16.1
-10.8
-
-27.4
-0.0
-16.4
-11.0
-
-27.6
-0.0
-15.8
-11.8
0.0
x
x
x
x
x
-0.7
-20.6
-1.0
0.4
-
Energy ind. own use
-0.8
-0.7
-0.8
-0.8
-2.9
-3.2
7.3
Losses
-18.3
-9.4
-1.6
78.2
37.0
26.9
19.5
26.1
27.6
-5.1
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
20.8
15.1
0.6
0.5
4.6
19.8
15.3
0.5
0.9
3.1
11.6
7.9
0.1
0.8
2.9
10.4
8.3
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.2
19.3
16.6
0.8
1.2
0.0
0.7
21.4
18.9
0.3
1.6
0.1
0.5
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.1
1.1
-3.9
6.3
-10.6
Transport(7)
0.0
0.0
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
57.4
29.4
17.0
11.0
17.2
1.2
11.7
4.3
14.2
0.6
12.8
0.9
8.1
3.8
4.0
0.2
6.5
3.6
2.7
0.1
5.9
3.5
2.2
0.1
x
x
x
x
-10.8
-10.1
-9.7
-20.4
Non-energy use
0.0
0.0
1.1
1.0
0.2
0.4
13.2
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

RUSSIAN FEDERATION
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
31573
10503
608
1532
463
177
480
131
5482
1200
337
93
-
8693
6133
161
111
67
431
84
857
3505
571
156
158
32
-
6704
1504
91
132
462
736
72
11
-
9981
4189
31
94
157
219
234
2454
626
223
35
116
11235
5424
26
36
533
67
138
36
116
181
1306
483
548
184
16
441
461
852
16338
7534
315
7
59
143
793
31
47
42
414
2094
1258
494
98
19
107
512
1101
13811
5776
28
100
95
519
50
586
1535
1355
24
18
14
61
481
910
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
21070
156
500
19964
150
300
-
2560
822
876
81
781
-
5200
174
1337
1525
2164
-
5792
72
160
729
4606
16
7
48
1
153
5811
9
1055
147
36
4521
22
21
-
8804
77
23
2528
116
9
47
13
5579
93
319
42
8035
6
24
1502
66
10
87
5633
218
489
50
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
24478
10225
234
1142
1905
777
157
324
609
2845
32
97
54
285
573
530
499
162
17570
8358
156
871
242
122
593
215
83
201
1936
200
85
52
164
35
138
282
1249
192
1542
29738
25771
788
1295
2449
282
928
320
87
1092
7041
2565
209
13
14
1340
271
5063
480
1534
76020
56879
9
2739
453
117
827
4790
367
7333
125
132
799
8119
2446
1400
2042
3657
453
6509
12412
52
2098
104968
72744
232
1700
237
54
1584
5807
1932
1772
45
369
292
1172
8644
5555
6447
63
6549
44
1859
359
8054
15587
4387
114244
88045
60
4452
286
431
1287
3988
2404
6875
412
407
962
1109
11839
9970
8773
173
9610
45
698
871
12079
10360
954
109358
80591
61
3204
166
232
1262
4255
1999
5947
8
27
909
1392
12121
10717
4691
78
8738
1551
514
8273
13377
1069
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
14253
6722
7531
-
8976
1010
81
114
46
697
5204
261
232
1331
-
3967
364
72
61
36
5
2175
1254
-
18845
538
1765
1002
1286
49
56
806
2235
30
8828
2204
46
31729
292
1581
11631
1017
67
63
611
561
8010
143
37
1754
5853
401
26130
379
888
10197
1519
10
314
1448
476
9042
61
98
46
1311
1303
28698
1175
724
6226
3613
287
1143
1260
319
8070
69
47
2381
3151
1142
Non-specified/Other
236
296
495
69
69
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SOUTH AFRICA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
95.4
-27.2
-
142.5
-46.0
-
143.1
-48.0
-
168.6
0.4
-57.6
0.3
181.3
1.2
-67.0
1.6
197.7
2.0
-68.3
-
201.3
2.1
-49.7
-6.7
205.5
1.9
-63.5
-
4.1
5.8
1.8
1.4
68.1
96.5
95.1
111.6
117.1
131.3
146.9
143.9
3.4
2.1
3.6
-3.7
6.7
-3.5
-0.3
-0.6
-3.9
-5.2
-44.7
-69.5
-78.3
-85.7
-94.1
-106.8
-115.9
-118.7
5.8
2.1

-35.0
-32.1
-2.9
-44.9
-40.8
-4.1
-51.7
-48.6
-3.2
-60.2
-56.6
-3.5
-68.3
-64.4
-4.0
-75.8
-72.1
-3.7
-82.3
-78.9
-3.4
-87.5
-84.0
-3.4
4.0
4.2
0.9
2.7
2.8
0.4
Gas works
-2.8
-3.1
-3.2
-3.7
-3.3
-7.3
-6.8
-6.9
1.4
3.9
-3.8
-2.5
-1.3
-
-3.4
-2.0
-1.4
-
-3.3
-1.7
-1.6
-
-2.0
-1.0
-1.0
-
-1.2
-0.7
-0.6
-
-2.0
-0.8
-1.1
-
-2.2
-0.8
-1.5
-
-2.3
-0.8
-1.5
-
-1.4
-3.8
2.0
-
-1.9
-3.9
-0.4
-
-3.1
-18.2
-20.1
-19.9
-21.2
-21.8
-24.5
-22.0
20.6
0.5
Energy ind. own use
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-0.0
-3.5
Autoproducers
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
27.0
23.2
23.4
22.4
22.8
23.9
27.2
20.0
-1.4
-0.8
20.7
10.1
0.1
2.2
8.3
16.6
9.7
0.1
2.1
4.7
15.8
9.0
0.1
2.0
4.7
11.6
6.0
1.5
1.7
0.0
2.4
13.0
5.8
1.5
1.3
0.1
4.3
15.1
6.1
1.4
2.0
0.1
5.5
14.7
4.7
1.4
3.2
0.1
5.3
13.4
6.7
1.4
1.3
0.1
3.9
-2.7
-1.1
0.3
-1.2
-5.5
-0.8
-1.5
16.0
-2.0
-1.0
Transport(7)
1.8
0.9
0.1
0.0
-28.0
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
3.3
1.1
2.1
0.1
3.1
1.3
1.7
0.0
3.5
1.3
2.1
0.0
4.1
1.4
2.4
0.3
2.2
0.7
1.4
0.1
6.8
2.3
4.5
0.0
10.7
3.5
6.9
0.3
4.8
1.4
2.8
0.6
0.5
1.8
-0.1
-6.0
1.6
0.4
1.4
13.6
Non-energy use
1.2
2.7
4.0
6.8
7.5
2.0
1.8
1.7
13.1
-4.0
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

SOUTH AFRICA
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
2700
2700
2700
-
5142
5142
34
4586
300
21
200
1
-
4033
3633
157
3375
100
1
-
6305
5181
176
570
30
280
3375
750
-
526
379
24
48
110
129
19
38
11
599
519
419
100
-
148
148
148
-
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
400
400
-
1124
1124
-
146
110
18
11
4
3
80
80
-
Non-specified/Other
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
SOUTH AFRICA
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
12689
12689
606
868
6643
1108
960
157
1861
309
3
114
26
34
42488
36178
2078
3496
6444
3196
207
2200
6641
4091
3700
812
104
2274
19
724
192
45867
36477
6
4365
863
4512
1017
2583
4884
1427
5733
1304
2112
4667
1252
356
1396
53371
43135
3641
3666
325
1395
3670
630
3900
3653
3039
3850
3503
30
2683
7016
135
315
735
140
809
67001
54371
2504
46
1721
5872
3979
269
5523
4173
1661
2385
41
7564
265
2112
8403
2547
4503
50
753
70917
60360
1757
2070
5340
8812
75
5329
4939
155
139
6527
1926
8642
1324
12144
135
1046
66322
33855
167
1088
2089
3812
69
3917
4225
411
569
651
5660
158
1119
5024
1232
995
2669
69418
23193
527
783
1323
1149
70
2826
3236
300
1956
1368
2882
5
321
2945
2080
744
678
71704
26506
598
1379
1672
1283
3319
3773
846
4036
388
2814
2740
2629
663
44
322
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
5400
1000
2200
2200
2200
9085
5685
3217
183
900
2583
10236
60
810
5138
2763
490
100
145
40
185
505
3900
12283
1919
107
522
2488
486
3636
1978
356
201
639
5559
10050
673
522
3587
2993
61
970
244
367
397
5565
32417
351
781
2458
273
20585
306
145
256
3348
2454
71
319
4987
46225
1122
6409
2566
162
23926
810
167
3139
4727
1203
4820
45198
997
12238
3862
17136
65
198
4160
3915
539
5407
Non-specified/Other
910
305
347
507
50
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UKRAINE
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
124.0
15.2
-21.7
0.8
61.1
13.7
-1.8
-
51.9
5.8
-2.6
-
49.6
6.5
-2.7
0.0
45.8
7.1
-5.3
1.0
44.3
10.9
-6.3
3.3
x
x
x
-5.0
-1.6
-6.0
Primary supply
118.3
73.0
55.1
53.3
48.6
52.1
-4.0
-3.9
-0.9
-0.3
0.4
1.3
1.0
-72.5
-50.4
-37.8
-33.6
-35.9
-38.4
-3.1

x
x
x
x
x
x
-50.7
-49.7
-1.0
-33.1
-32.3
-0.8
-20.8
-20.2
-0.6
-20.4
-18.4
-2.0
-25.8
-24.1
-1.6
-27.7
-26.0
-1.7
x
x
x
-3.0
-3.2
2.5
Autoproducers
Gas works
0.1
-0.0
-0.1
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-21.8
2.9
-12.6
-12.4
0.4
-17.3
0.7
-6.4
-11.3
-0.3
-17.0
0.3
-6.4
-10.7
-0.1
-13.2
0.0
-6.1
-7.1
-0.1
-10.1
0.0
-6.3
-3.9
-
-10.7
0.0
-6.7
-4.0
-
x
x
x
x
x
-3.5
-19.4
-3.1
-5.5
-
-0.1
-0.1
-0.0
Energy ind. own use
-5.3
-3.5
-2.7
-3.0
-2.4
-2.6
-3.5
Losses
-0.0
-0.2
-0.3
36.6
18.2
14.2
17.1
11.4
11.8
-5.5
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
25.7
15.6
0.3
0.0
9.8
11.3
8.4
0.0
2.9
10.4
8.1
0.0
2.3
11.9
10.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
1.6
9.7
8.5
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.7
10.1
8.5
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.8
x
x
x
x
x
x
-4.5
-3.0
-11.8
17.0
-11.9
Transport(7)
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
-4.7
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
10.8
7.9
2.9
6.9
6.4
0.5
3.8
3.7
0.1
3.2
1.8
1.4
1.1
0.2
0.8
0.0
1.0
0.2
0.7
0.0
x
x
x
x
-11.4
-11.5
-21.5
Non-energy use
1.8
0.6
0.7
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

UKRAINE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
Total coal
26754
15360
6606
7303
7876
12181
13801
Coking coal
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
19964
-
5859
4369
-
2759
595
-
6902
31
167
-
3199
11
285
3
7777
2151
-
6975
2
3085
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
19964
-
x
1490
-
x
2164
-
x
6704
-
x
2900
-
x
5579
47
x
3888
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
6722
-
9437
4722
-
3847
452
-
401
-
4674
52
-
4404
33
-
6826
98
64
-
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
6722
-
x
4259
456
-
x
2175
1220
-
11
x
390
-
124
x
4498
-
x
4371
-
75
x
6589
-
68
64

Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Steam coal(4)
Australia
Canada
Czech Republic
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD
Colombia
Indonesia
South Africa
Other FSU (3)
Venezuela
Vietnam
Non-specified/other
Lignite

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UKRAINE
1978(1)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(2)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
8114
-
400
-
200
-
509
229
229
158
158
21
9
52
76
162
113
100
13
-
247
247
1
150
1
95
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
8114
8114
-
400
200
200
-
200
200
-
280
280
-
49
49
-
Non-specified/Other

IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
UKRAINE
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
16577
-
2000
550
29
1
1
21
6
22
33
154
283
2297
845
63
83
52
647
-
3157
552
13
11
154
7
5
2
13
52
82
8
5
10
5
40
79
66
5133
1818
40
135
51
5
4
43
5
288
445
26
268
439
28
41
5918
2951
1
598
181
36
12
30
2
230
399
4
313
3
1083
38
21
7496
4256
1
1123
107
39
165
12
62
280
51
532
12
226
73
1301
113
159
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
16577
16577
-
1450
154
128
235
27
906
-
1452
1452
-
2605
16
2315
192
10
72
-
3315
178
2934
42
114
47
-
2967
166
2592
194
15
-
3240
174
2692
371
3
-
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
VENEZUELA
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
0.0
0.2
-
0.0
0.2
0.0
2.3
0.3
-1.9
-
4.2
-4.4
0.2
8.2
-8.3
0.2
7.5
-7.4
-0.0
3.4
-3.1
-
2.8
-2.6
-
48.5
4.9
-
1.1
1.5
Primary supply
0.2
0.3
0.7
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
11.4
-4.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
6.1
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.1
-0.1
-
-0.2
-0.1
-0.0
-
6.1
5.4
-
Energy ind. own use
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
13.9
-2.8
0.1
0.1
0.0
-
0.2
0.1
0.0
-
0.5
0.2
0.3
-
0.0
0.0
-
0.2
0.2
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.3
0.3
-
0.3
0.3
-
13.9
5.4
23.0
-
-2.8
-1.0
-
Transport(7)
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
Non-energy use
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)

IEA/OECD, 2012

VENEZUELA
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
33
-
1834
1746
1
33
148
560
140
19
5
53
375
169
238
5
3252
3152
17
29
550
193
302
79
306
198
1478
-
7722
7227
589
441
476
71
1067
112
766
378
180
35
218
2726
168
7141
6374
135
583
441
391
452
88
49
48
4139
48
8477
2886
151
33
301
105
247
470
112
118
48
55
1246
-
3889
2413
3
52
93
227
86
210
408
55
112
299
43
825
-
3667
2248
11
96
33
251
91
220
439
110
55
224
666
52
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
33
33
-
88
88
-
100
100
-
495
79
584
71
709
460
249
-
686
629
57
-
1476
972
504
-
1419
750
32
683
-
58
4905
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
VIETNAM
Coal balance*
(Mtce)
Production
Imports
Exports
Stock changes
Primary supply
Average annual
percent change
80-90 90-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
4.2
0.0
-0.5
-0.4
4.5
0.0
-0.5
-
3.7
0.0
-0.6
0.1
6.7
0.0
-2.3
0.3
9.3
-2.6
-0.4
27.1
0.5
-14.4
-1.5
35.3
0.7
-20.0
2.1
35.2
0.8
-15.9
0.8
-1.1
2.1
2.1
11.9
22.6
17.5
3.2
4.0
3.2
4.7
6.2
11.8
18.0
20.9
-0.2
9.9
0.0
-1.1
-1.4
-1.3
-1.0
-1.6
-4.3
-5.3
-6.9
1.6
8.8

-1.1
-1.1
-
-1.4
-1.4
-
-1.3
-1.3
-
-1.0
-1.0
-
-1.6
-1.6
-
-4.3
-3.8
-0.4
-5.3
-5.1
-0.2
-6.9
-6.7
-0.2
1.6
1.6
-
8.8
8.7
-
Autoproducers
Gas works
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
-0.0
-0.0
-
7.1
7.1
-
Energy ind. own use
BKB plants
Blast furnaces
Coke ovens
Patent fuel plants
Losses
2.2
2.6
1.9
3.7
4.6
7.5
12.8
14.0
-1.3
10.5
1.3
0.0
1.3
2.1
0.0
2.1
1.5
0.0
1.5
2.8
0.0
2.8
3.3
3.3
5.7
5.7
10.7
10.7
11.8
11.8
0.9
5.9
0.9
11.0
11.0
Transport(7)
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
-13.9
Other
Residential
Other sectors (8)
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.6
0.1
1.3
0.4
0.8
0.0
1.9
0.5
1.4
0.0
2.1
0.5
1.6
0.0
2.3
0.5
1.7
0.0
-5.6
-4.8
-9.6
8.9
15.9
9.2
-5.8
(5)
Industry
Iron and steel

Chemical
Other industry (6)
Non-energy use

IEA/OECD, 2012

VIETNAM
World
OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Other OECD(3)
1978(2)
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011e
1430
-
604
100
100
-
745
450
150
300
-
2821
2308
93
100
2
179
3
1469
400
21
1
40
-
3526
3203
240
100
52
2227
516
20
48
-
17987
6062
192
155
4848
854
13
-
25583
2626
1333
1292
1
-
22346
3581
12
1734
1835
-
24425
2288
1016
1272
-
504
504
-
295
100
195
-
513
100
150
63
200
-
323
88
27
52
156
-
11925
388
10532
118
887
-
22957
22503
35
69
350
-
18365
18045
35
57
228
-
22137
22063
41
33
-
1430
400
Non-OECD
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chinese Taipei
Hong Kong, China
India
Morocco
Romania
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other FSU
Other Middle East
Non-specified/Other
IEA/OECD, 2012
(thousand tonnes)
Energy Data Manager / Statistician

Possible Staff Vacancies
International Energy Agency, Paris, France
The IEA
Principal Qualifications
The International Energy Agency, based in Paris, acts

as energy policy advisor to 28 member countries in
their effort to ensure reliable, affordable and clean
energy for their citizens. Founded during the oil crisis
of 1973-74, the IEAs initial role was to co-ordinate
measures in times of oil supply emergencies. As
energy markets have changed, so has the IEA. Its
mandate has broadened to incorporate the Three Es
of balanced energy policy making: energy security,
economic development and environmental protection.
Current work focuses on climate change policies,
market reform, energy technology collaboration and
outreach to the rest of the world, especially major
consumers and producers of energy like China, India,
Russia and the OPEC countries.
University degree in a topic relevant to energy,

computer programming or statistics. We currently
have staff with degrees in Mathematics, Statistics,
Information Technology, Economics, Engineering,
Physics, Chemistry, Environmental Studies,
Hydrology, Public Administration and Business.
The Energy Data Centre, with a staff of around 30

people, provides a dynamic environment for young
people just finishing their studies or with one to two
years of work experience.
Job description
The data managers/statisticians compile, verify and
disseminate information on all aspects of energy
including production, transformation and consumption
of all fuels, renewables, the emergency reporting
system, energy efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions,
and energy prices and taxes. The data managers are
responsible for receiving, reviewing and inputting
data submissions from member countries and other
sources into large computerised databases. They
check for completeness, correct calculations, internal
consistency, accuracy and consistency with definitions. Often this entails proactively investigating and
helping to resolve anomalies in collaboration with
national administrations of member and non-member
countries. The data managers/statisticians also play a
key role in helping to design and implement computer
macros used in the preparation of their energy statistics publication(s).
Experience in the basic use of databases and

computer software. Good computer programming
skills in Visual Basic.
Ability to work accurately, pay attention to detail
and work to deadlines. Ability to deal simultaneously with a wide variety of tasks and to organise
work efficiently.
Good communication skills; ability to work well
in a team and in a multicultural environment,
particularly in liaising with contacts in national
administrations and industry.
Very good knowledge of one of the two official
languages of the Organisation (English or French).
Knowledge of other languages would be an advantage.
Some knowledge of energy industry operations
and terminology would also be an advantage, but
is not required.
Nationals of any OECD member country are eligible
for appointment. Basic salaries start at 3 080 Euros
per month. The possibilities for advancement are good
for candidates with appropriate qualifications and
experience. Tentative enquiries about future vacancies
are welcomed from men and women with relevant
qualifications and experience. Applications in French
or English, accompanied by a curriculum vitae, should
be sent to:
Office of Management and Administration
9 rue de la Fdration
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
Email: recruitment@iea.org
ST A T I S T I C S P UB L I C A T I O N S
On-Line Data Services

Users can instantly access not only all the data published
in this book, but also all the time series used for preparing
this publication and all the other statistics publications of the IEA.
The data are available on-line, either through annual subscription
or pay-per-view access. More information on this service
can be found on our website: http://data.iea.org
Ten Annual Publications

n Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2012 Edition
No other publication offers such in-depth statistical coverage. Itis intended for anyone involved in
analytical or policy work related to energy issues. It contains data on energy supply and consumption
in original units for coal, oil, natural gas, biofuels/waste and products derived from these primary
fuels, as well as for electricity and heat. Complete data are available for 2009 and 2010 and supply
estimates are available for the most recent year (i.e. 2011). Historical tables summarise data on
production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of products and flows and
explanatory notes on the individual country data.
Published July 2012 - Price 120
n Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2012 Edition

A companion volume to Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, this publication presents standardised
energy balances expressed in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Energy supply andconsumption data are
divided by main fuel: coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear, hydro, geothermal/solar, biofuels/waste, electricity
and heat. This allows for easy comparison of the contributions each fuel makes to the economy
and their interrelationships through the conversion of one fuel to another. All of this is essential for
estimating total energy supply, forecasting, energy conservation, and analysing the potential for
interfuel substitution. Complete data are available for 2009 and 2010 and supply estimates are available
for the most recent year (i.e. 2011). Historical tables summarise key energy and economic indicators as
well as data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of products and
flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data as well as conversion factors from original
units to tonnes of oil equivalent.
Published July 2012 - Price 120
n Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 2012 Edition

This publication offers the same in-depth statistical coverage as the homonymous publication
covering OECD countries. It includes data in original units for more than 100 individual countries
and nine main regions. The consistency of OECD and non-OECD countries detailed statistics
provides an accurate picture of the global energy situation for 2009 and 2010. For a description of
the content, please see Energy Statistics of OECD Countries above.
Published August 2012 - Price 120
n Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 2012 Edition

A companion volume to the publication Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, this publication
presents energy balances in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent and key economic and energy
indicators for more than 100 individual countries and nine main regions. It offers the same
statistical coverage as the homonymous publication covering OECD countries, and thus provides
an accurate picture of the global energy situation for 2009 and 2010. For a description of the
content, please see Energy Balances of OECD Countries above.
n Electricity Information 2012

This reference document provides essential statistics on electricity and heat for each OECD member
country by bringing together information on production, installed capacity, input energy mix to
electricity and heat production, input fuel prices, consumption, end-user electricity prices and electricity
trades.
n Coal Information 2012

This well-established publication provides detailed information on past and current evolution of the
world coal market. It presents country-specific statistics for OECD member countries and selected
non-OECD countries on coal production, demand, trade and prices. This publication represents
a key reference tool for all those involved in the coal supply or consumption stream, as well as
institutions and governments involved in market and policy analysis of the world coal market.
n Natural Gas Information 2012

A detailed reference work on gas supply and demand, covering not only the OECD countries but
also the rest of the world. Contains essential information on LNG and pipeline trade, gas reserves,
storage capacity and prices. The main part of the book, however, concentrates on OECD countries,
showing a detailed gas supply and demand balance for each individual country and for the three
OECD regions, as well as a breakdown of gas consumption by end-user. Import and export data
are reported by source and destination.
n Oil Information 2012

A comprehensive reference book on current developments in oil supply and demand. The first part
of this publication contains key data on world production, trade, prices and consumption of major
oil product groups, with time series back to the early 1970s. The second part gives a more detailed
and comprehensive picture of oil supply, demand, trade, production and consumption by end-user
for each OECD country individually and for the OECD regions. Trade data are reported extensively
by origin and destination.
n Renewables Information 2012

This reference document brings together in one volume essential statistics on renewables and
waste energy sources. It presents a detailed and comprehensive picture of developments for
renewable and waste energy sources for each of the OECD member countries, encompassing
energy indicators, generating capacity, electricity and heat production from renewable and waste
sources, as well as production and consumption of renewable and waste products.
n CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 2012 Edition

In order for nations to tackle the problem of climate change, they need accurate greenhouse
gas emissions data. This publication provides a basis for comparative analysis of CO2 emissions
from fossil fuel combustion, a major source of anthropogenic emissions. The data in this book are
designed to assist in understanding the evolution of the emissions of CO2 from 1971 to 2010 for
more than 140 countries and regions by sector and by fuel. Emissions were calculated using IEA
energy databases and the default methods and emissions factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Published November 2012 - Price 165
Two Quarterlies
n Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity, Quarterly Statistics
This publication provides up-to-date, detailed quarterly statistics on oil, coal, natural gas and
electricity for the OECD countries. Oil statistics cover production, trade, refinery intake and output,
stock changes and consumption for crude oil, NGL and nine selected oil product groups. Statistics
for electricity, natural gas and coal show supply and trade. Import and export data are reported by
origin and destination. Moreover, oil as well as hard coal and brown coal production are reported
on a worldwide basis.
Published Quarterly - Price 120, annual subscription 380
n Energy Prices and Taxes

This publication responds to the needs of the energy industry and OECD governments for up-todate information on prices and taxes in national and international energy markets. In contains
crude oil import prices by crude stream, industry prices and consumer prices. The end-user prices
for OECD member countries cover main petroleum products, gas, coal and electricity. Every issue
includes full notes on sources and methods and a description of price mechanisms in each country.
Time series availability varies with each data series.
Published Quarterly - Price 120, annual subscription 380
Electronic Editions
n CD-ROMs and Online Data Services
To complement its publications, the Energy Data Centre produces CD-ROMs containing the complete
databases which are used for preparing the statistics publications. State-of-the-art software allows you
to access and manipulate all these data in a very user-friendly manner and includes graphic facilities.
These databases are also available on the internet from our online data service.
Annual CD-ROMS / Online Databases
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 1960-2011

Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 1960-2011
Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2010
Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2010
Price: 550 (single user)

Combined subscription of the above four series
Electricity Information 2012

Coal Information 2012
Natural Gas Information 2012
Oil Information 2012
Renewables Information 2012
CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 1971-2010

n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Quarterly CD-ROMs / Online Databases

n
Energy Prices and Taxes
Price: (four quarters) 900 (single user)
A description of these services are available on our website: http://data.iea.org
Other Online Services

n The Monthly Oil Data Service
The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service provides the detailed databases of historical and projected
information which is used in preparing the IEAs monthly Oil Market Report (OMR). The IEA
Monthly Oil Data Service comprises three packages available separately or combined as a
subscriber service on the Internet. The data are available at the same time as the official release of
the Oil Market Report.
The packages include:
n Supply, Demand, Balances and Stocks
n Trade
n Field-by-Field Supply
n Complete Service
Price: 6 000 (single user)

A description of this service is available on our website: http://www.iea.org/stats/mods.asp
n The Monthly Gas Data Service

The service provides monthly natural gas data for OECD countries:
n supply balances in terajoules and cubic metres;
n production, trade, stock changes and levels where available, gross inland deliveries, own use
and losses;
n highly detailed trade data with about 50 imports origins and exports destinations;
n LNG trade detail available from January 2002.
The databases cover the time period January 1984 to current month with a time lag of two months
for the most recent data.
n
Monthly Gas Data Service: Natural Gas Balances & Trade

Historical plus 12 monthly updates
For more information consult: http://data.iea.org
Moreover, the IEA statistics website contains key energy indicators

by country, graphs on the world and OECDs energy
situation evolution from 1971 to the most recent year available,
as well as selected databases for demonstration.
The IEA statistics website can be accessed at www.iea.org/statistics/
For the first time ever, the IEA is making available the data used to create the Energy
Technology Perspectives publication. Interactive data visualisations are available on the
IEA website for free. Aer buying the book extensive additional data, interactive visuals
and other tools will be made available on a restricted area of the website.
Online
bookshop
la
Int
de
e
r
n
rue
ation
al Energy Agency 9
Buy IEA publications

online:
www.iea.org/books
PDF versions available
at 20% discount
r
d
F
at
io
n
Books published before January 2011

- except statistics publications are freely available in pdf
75
73
9 Pa
ris Ce
dex 15, France
Tel: +33 (0)1 40 57 66 90

E-mail:
books@iea.org
IEA Publications, 9, rue de la Fdration, 75739 Paris Cedex 15

Printed in Luxembourg by Imprimerie Centrale, August 2012
(61 2012 15 1 P1) ISBN 978-92-64-17470-2

Coalinformation PDF

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Descrição original:

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Coalinformation PDF

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

IEA

Please note that this PDF is subject to

(61 2012 15 1 P1) e165

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

IEA member countries:

Please note that this publication

The European Commission

COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.3

Energy sources .................................................................................................................................................. I.11

General notes .................................................................................................................................................... I.19

PART II: WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

PART III: WORLD COAL OVERVIEW

World coal production (kt) ........................................................................................................... III.5

I.4 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I

World coal consumption (kt) ...................................................................................................... III.17

Table 3.1: World and seaborne coal trade ................................................................................................... III.35

Japan coking coal import costs ................................................................................................... III.49

5. Coal for other uses

OECD coal-fired and total electricity generating capacity ......................................................... III.57

World coal production ................................................................................................................ III.63

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.5

PART IV: DETAILED OECD COAL DATA

Hungary ............................................................. IV.183

PART V: NON-OECD COAL DATA

Hong Kong, China ................................................ V.29

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

General notes ......................................................... V.3

COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.7

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.9

IEA Coal Information 2012 is the latest edition of an

Part IV provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more

This monitoring and reporting of historical trends and

Part V provides for selected non-OECD countries

IEA Coal Information 2012 brings together in one

OECD data are taken from IEA/OECD databases of

Part I provides important documentation that will

The non-OECD data are based upon information

1. This publication is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty

OECD coal balances and statistics, including itemized

Part II of the publication provides a review of world

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

I.10 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I

Part III and Part V and Mr. Tomasz Tru contributed to

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.11

chlorine, phosphorous and certain trace elements, these

I.12 - COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I

better suits their particular national needs. As far as

Furthermore, in order to improve the information base

Hard coal is calculated as the sum of anthracite and

Coke oven coke

Brown coal briquettes (BKB)

Steam coal in this publication contains all anthracite,

COAL INFORMATION (2012 Edition) PART I - I.13

Coke oven gas

Gas works gas

Blast furnace gas

Oxygen steel furnace gas

Coal resources and reserves

without the addition of binders. Peat briquettes, dried