Angela Rose B.

Cudia
1NUR-11
Psychology
What are the stages of Psychosocial Development according to Erik Erikson?
Discuss each stage.
1. Infancy: Birth-18 Months Old (Hope) Trust Vs. Mistrust
The major emphasis is on the parents nurturing ability and care for a child
during the first and second year of life. The child will develop optimism, trust,
confidence, and security if properly cared for. If a child doesnt experience
trust, they might develop insecurity, worthlessness, and general mistrust to
the world.
2. Toddler/ Early Childhood Years: 18 Months to 3 Years (Will) Autonomy Vs.
Shame
In this stage, the child has an opportunity to build self-esteem and autonomy
as they learn new skills and right from wrong. A child who carries him or
herself with pride is an example of a well-cared child though defiance, temper
tantrums, and stubbornness might also appear.
3. Preschooler: 3 to 5 Years (Purpose) Initiative Vs. Guilt
The most significant relationship is with the basic family because a child in
this period has a desire to imitate adults around them and take initiative in
creating play situations. They make up stories and begin to use the word
why? If preschooler were frustrated over desires and goals, they may
experience guilt.
4. School-Age Child: 6 to 12 Years (Competence) Industry Vs. Inferiority
During this stage, school-age child is capable of learning, creating, and
accomplishing numerous skills and knowledge. If they experience unresolved
feelings of inadequacy and inferiority among peers, they can have a serious
problem in terms of competence and self-esteem.
5. Adolescent: 12 o 18 Years (Fidelity) Identity Vs. Identity Diffusion
The fifth stage depends on what is done to a person. An adolescent begin to
develop a strong affiliation and devotion to ideals, causes, friends, yet they

need to experience struggling in order to discover and find his or her identity,
while negotiating with fitting in, and developing sense of morality. A delay
entrance to this stage results to experience role confusion.
6. Young Adult: 18 to 35 Years (Love) Intimacy Vs. Isolation
Young adults tend to seek companionship and love at this stage, thats why
some begin to settle down and start families. They also seek deep intimacy
and satisfying relationships, but if unsuccessful, isolation may occur.
Significant relationships at this stage are with friends and marital partners.
7. Middle-aged Adult (Care) 35 to 65 Years Generativity Vs. Self-absorption
Significant relationships are those within the family,, workplace, local church
and other communities for this stage. The most important things to middleaged adult are career and work, along with the family. They want to make a
difference to society. Common fears in this stage are inactivity and
meaninglessness and some may have problem in finding purpose.
8. Older Adult (Wisdom) 65 Years to Death Integrity Vs. Despair
This last stage is more on reflection and contemplation. Older adults tend to
look back which leads to contentment and fulfillment, yet others may have a
sense of despair in remembering failures. They also may fear death.
2. Discuss what stage you are in now and what are your struggles and
conflicts with the said stage.

In the present situation, I am in the Adolescent: Fidelity stage. My struggles

according with the stage of development are: being uncertain still on my
strengths. Role confusion, for the reason that I am still wondering on what
position in the society I am going to take part to like, if I would continue
nursing as my career or take another program for a higher degree of
education. Also, thinking about the future gives me anxiety though I balance it
through being optimistic.