Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Manual
A Part of the
F-ii
Copyright Notice
Copyright 1998-2002 by LMS Deutschland GmbH. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanicallly, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of LMS Deutschland GmbH, Luxemburger Strae 7, D-67657 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Registered Trademarks
TecWare, LMS TecWare FatiCount, LMS TecWare AutoAnalyze, LMS TecWare RainEdit, LMS TecWare RainExtra, LMS TecWare MultiRain, LMS TecWare CombiTrack,
LMS TecWare RP-Filter, LMS FALANCS LifeStat, LMS TecWare GIDAS, LMS FALANCS, LMS FALANCS/FEM, LMS FALANCS/FSE and LMS TecWare TimeEdit are
registered trademarks of LMS International NV.
ANSYS is a registered trademark of ANSYS Inc.
I-DEAS and I-DEAS Master Series are registered trademarks of Structural Dynamics
Research Corporation.
NASTRAN is a registered trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
PATRAN and MSC/NASTRAN are registered trademarks of MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation.
Pro/MECHANICA is a registered trademark of Parametric Technology Corporation.
CATIA is a trademark of Dassault Systmes.
Open Software Foundation, OSF, OSF/Motif and Motif are trademarks of The Open
Software Foundation, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark of Novell Inc.; licensed exclusively through X/Open
Company, Ltd.
DEC, VAX, VMS are registered trademarks of Compaq Computer.
HP and HP 9000 are registered trademarks of Hewlett.Packard Company.
SGI and IRIX are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics Inc..
SUN and Solaris are registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems Inc..
All other product names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective manufacturers.
Preliminary Notice
LMS Deutschland GmbH aims to deliver software of high quality which conforms to the
specifications agreed with licensees, but cannot guarantee that all features will perform
exactly as described. Those who use the program do so on the understanding that the
results from analysis software are dependent on the inputs. In any case, the program
should be used in accordance with the instructions contained in the documentation and
other information provided with the program supplied by LMS Deutschland GmbH. LMS
Deutschland GmbH does not warrant that any specific feature will produce specific results, and does not accept liability for any losses, direct, consequential or otherwise, resulting from the use of the program.
Authoring notes
Prof. M.E. Barkey, Ph.D., University of Alabama: author
Dr. Michael Hack, LMS Deutschland GmbH: author
Dr. Michael Speckert, LMS Deutschland GmbH: author
Dr. Frank Zingsheim, LMS Deutschland GmbH, author
Gabi Schfer, LMS Deutschland GmbH, author and editor
F-iii
Benefits
z Helps the design team to find critical locations and time to
failure without guesswork.
z Identifies potential fatigue problems and evaluates the fatigue performance between design changes before hard
prototyping.
z Advanced yet proven technology validated by test.
z Open solver that works with most FEM packages no need
to learn new post-processor.
z Easy to use for occasional user, yet sophisticated enough to
handle the most advanced applications.
z Handles industrial-size tasks with 1,000,000+ nodes and
100+loads.
F-iv
F-v
F-vi
Getting started
F-vii
Getting started
The LMS FALANCS User Manual describes the fatigue analysis
tool LMS FALANCS developed by LMS Deutschland GmbH. It
guides the user from standardized fatigue tests to complex
analysis runs.
This users manual is addressed to new LMS FALANCS users
as well as to persons who already have worked with former
versions of LMS FALANCS. It is intended to explain the basic
steps as well as to give detailed information on the user interaction.
The manual describes the capabilities of a full LMS FALANCS
installation. Some of the features may be not available in your
installation. See the part about licensing options in Part 1.
Part 1 Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
gives an introduction to LMS FALANCS and fatigue analysis.
Part 2 First Steps
helps the user who already has worked with fatigue analysis tools how to perform his requests with LMS FALANCS.
Part 3 Reference Graphical User Interface
explains the graphical user interface of LMS FALANCS in
detail including the error and information messages.
Part 4 Reference Batch Mode Interface
gives detailed information about the batch mode and the
batch command files of LMS FALANCS.
Part 5 Reference General Settings
describes the contents of the configuration files and explains
the use of some additional programs provided by the LMS
FALANCS installation.
F-viii
Table of Contents
F-xiii
Table of Contents
LMS FALANCS features and benefits ..................................... F-iii
Overview of the LMS FALANCS documentation ......................F-v
Getting started .......................................................................... F-vii
Table of Contents ...................................................................... F-ix
Table of Illustrations ............................................................... F-xix
F-1
F-17
F-xiv
F-89
Table of Contents
F-xv
F-xvi
F-321
Table of Contents
F-xvii
F-401
F-457
F-xviii
NASTRAN.................................................................................... F-461
Supported Versions, Analysis Types and Elements ............. F-461
Limitations and solutions....................................................... F-462
Sample-Load deck ................................................................... F-462
Output written by LMS FALANCS ....................................... F-463
Procedures for post-processing............................................... F-465
Using the PATRAN Tool Menu.............................................. F-467
Modal Transient Analysis ...................................................... F-471
Spot Weld Analysis ................................................................. F-472
ANSYS .......................................................................................... F-475
Supported Versions, Analysis Types and Elements ............. F-475
Output written by LMS FALANCS ....................................... F-476
Spot Weld Analysis ................................................................. F-477
Procedures for post processing............................................... F-478
Generating element sets......................................................... F-480
I-DEAS ......................................................................................... F-481
Supported Versions, Analysis Types and Elements ............. F-481
Limitations .............................................................................. F-482
Output written by LMS FALANCS ....................................... F-483
Spot Weld Analysis ................................................................. F-484
Generating element sets......................................................... F-485
Pro/MECHANICA ...................................................................... F-487
Supported Versions, Analysis Types and Elements ............. F-487
Limitations ...........................................................................FF--488
Output written by LMS FALANCS ....................................... F-488
Generating element sets......................................................... F-489
ABAQUS ...................................................................................... F-491
Supported Versions, Analysis Types and Elements ............. F-491
Sample input file..................................................................... F-492
Output written by LMS FALANCS ....................................... F-493
Spot Weld Analysis ................................................................. F-495
Generating element sets......................................................... F-496
CAT/FALANCS ........................................................................... F-497
Supported Versions, Analysis Types and Elements ............. F-497
The CAT/FALANCS philosophy ............................................ F-498
The CAT/FALANCS command window................................. F-499
Viewing Results ...................................................................... F-501
Table of Contents
F-xix
Part 7 Databases
F-505
F-535
Part 9 Installation
F-587
F-xx
F-609
Table of Contents
F-xxi
F-617
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F-643
F-xxii
F-713
Table of Illustrations
F-xxiii
Table of Illustrations
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F-1
Part 1
F-2
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
F-3
F-4
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
F-5
F-6
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
F-7
F-8
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
F-9
F-10
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
F-11
F-12
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
LMS TecWare MultiRain Extension allows extrapolation, superposition and reconstruction of multiaxial rainflow matrices.
Based on short measurements, the corresponding rainflow matrices can be extrapolated to more repetitions of the same
event. Different sets of multiaxial rainflow matrices can be
combined (superposition) and the resulting matrices can be
used for reconstructing representative time histories for multiaxial fatigue testing.
F-13
F-14
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
Squares
Bubbles of different sizes in color or b/w
3D solid bars in color or b/w
3D grid bars in color or b/w
3D lines in color or b/w
numbers.
Fig. 1:
F-15
F-16
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Purpose of LMS FALANCS and related tools
Fig. 2:
If you updated your Kernel to the LMS TecWare Kernel, you get the tool LMS
TecWare RainEdit that enables you to not only view but also to alter the
loads
F-17
Part 2
First Steps
This part introduces the main concepts of the LMS FALANCS
user interface.
F-18
F-19
F-20
[<program>]
z on Microsoft Windows by pressing the Start button and selecting the menu entry ProgramsLMS TecWareLMS
FALANCS:
F-21
Fig. 4:
Using the radio buttons you can decide what to do with the
created temporary results:
z Select the default value Remove temporary data, if you
want to delete all the result files that have been written
during the LMS FALANCS run.
z If you want to use the data outside of LMS FALANCS
choose the option Keep temporary data.
Remark: The temporary files are described in the section Parameter Section for LMS FALANCS Methods Result Specification in Part 5 Reference
General Settings of this manual. The directory where these files are written to is displayed by choosing the Setup item in the Help menu (See the
paragraph Menu item Help->Setup).
F-22
F-23
2. follow the menu of the approach to use for the analysis (i.e.
stress-life approach or strain-life approach):
The parameter sets are selected by the database selection
windows, and the load histories by the channel selection.
Again, the bullets indicate which sets have already been
selected.
3. After all necessary data has been chosen, it is possible to
open a Geometry Work Sheet initialized with the selected
data by selecting the menu item for the desired analysis.
Edit the Geometry Work Sheet using the Geometry Cell if
necessary and start the fatigue analysis by selecting the OK
or Apply button in the Geometry Work Sheet.
F-24
F-25
Saving GWS
Geometry work sheets can be saved and reused for similar
analysis runs.
See the paragraphs Perform the same analysis for different
loads and Perform a new analysis with different material and
fatigue parameters for further information.
F-26
F-27
Parameter Databases
In LMS FALANCS the parameters that define an analysis are
organized in parameter databases.
LMS FALANCS delivers some default databases located in the
subdirectory \pdb of your TecWare installation directory. Additionally the user may create his own databases and save
them in any directory. He may use the parameter data sets of
the default databases, modify existing parameter data sets and
define new parameter data sets.
The solution parameters and the material parameters (resp.
SN curves) are assigned to individual tasks, whereas the
method parameters are the same for a complete analysis run.
The parameters used may be stored and printed with the Geometry Work Sheet to document the analysis.
There are three categories of parameter databases:
z General global databases
F-28
are defined in the file falancs.ini located in the subdirectory \data of your LMS TecWare installation directory.
They are available for all LMS FALANCS users on your
system. Here you find the standard databases delivered by
LMS Deutschland GmbH.
z Global databases
are defined in the file falancs.ini located in the subdirectory \custom of your LMS TecWare installation directory.
They are available for all LMS FALANCS users on your
system.
z Local databases
are defined in your personal file falancs.ini located in
your local directory (as defined in the general global initialization file tecware.ini located in the subdirectory \data
of your LMS TecWare installation directory). They are
available for your access only.
See the Part 7 Databases for detailed information on database
configuration
Database selection
The selection procedures of stress-life curves, material parameters, solution parameters and method parameters have a uniform user interface.
The data set management is done from the database selection
windows
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
F-29
File selection
The file selection is used for all operations that need to read or
write to the file system. It has facilities to check the input format of the load and the directory browser can handle standard
directories that can be defined in the tecware.ini configuration file. There exist versions for single file selection and multiple file selection.
For each file type (i.e. load history files, FE result files, etc.)
you can specify your favorite file format that is preselected
when entering the file selection window.
See the paragraph Selection Windows in LMS FALANCS for a
detailed description of the file selection windows.
Channel selection
The channel selection, load case selection, test schedule segment selection and element set selection have a uniform user
interface. Channels to select can also be previewed.
See the paragraph Selection Windows in LMS FALANCS for a
detailed description of the channel selection windows.
F-30
F-31
subdirectory
load histories
\demo\general
stress-life curves
\pdb\examples\snc
\pdb\examples\mparam
\pdb\examples\sp_stress
Remark: This chapter describes only a very simple damage calculation. See
the LMS FALANCS Examples & Verification Manual for additional and
more advanced example calculations.
F-32
See the chapter Which data needs to be used for which process for a more detailed list.
The analysis is performed on all possible combinations (tasks)
of the loaded input channels, solution parameters and stresslife curves using the selected method parameter set.
How to load some load history channels
Load history channels are stored in load history files. Thus you
have to load a load history file before you may select one or
more of its channels. You may mix channels of time series and
Rainflow matrices.
You load a load history channel by performing the following
steps:
1. Select the menu item FileOpen Load History Files in
the window "LMS FALANCS".
The file selection window "Load History File Selection" appears.
2. Select:
File type
Search in
File
RPC-III
DEMO_General
plate_high_frq.rsp
F-33
3. Press Open
The file selection window is closed and the menu item File
Open Load History Files is ticked off.
4. Select the menu item Stress-life ApproachLoad Histories in the window "LMS FALANCS"
The channel selection window "Load History Selection" appears.
5. Select:
File
Channel
plate_high_frq.rsp
001_ANTISYM
F-34
6. Press OK
F-35
Examples
plate_example
3. Press OK
The database selection window is closed and the menu item
Stress-life ApproachStress-life Curves is ticked off.
F-36
Examples
Default
F-37
3. Press OK
The database selection window is closed and the menu item
Stress-life ApproachSolution Parameters is ticked
off.
F-38
Examples
Default
F-39
3. press OK
The database selection window is closed and the menu item
Stress-life ApproachMethod Parameters is ticked off.
F-40
The method parameters are not listed in the GWS but the
channel calibration is additionally given. The window title
F-41
The method parameters are not listed in the window "Geometry Cell" but the channel calibration and the Geometry
are given for each channel.
How to change entries in the GWS
To modify an entry in the GWS you
1. select the entry
The background color of the selected field changes to black
and the corresponding field in the window "Geometry Cell"
is filled accordingly and gets sensitive.
2. perform the changes in the window "Geometry Cell"
by entering directly the new value in the sensitive text
box
(the background color of a sensitive text box is white)
or
by pressing the sensitive Search button near the field
F-42
new entry
nonFEMstress1
z channel geometry
old entry
new entry
new entry
O:0 F:1
O:100 F:1
F-43
F-44
z stress-life curve
old entry
new entry
plate_example
Sample Steel
Copy
Paste
F-45
5. insert the copied column by clicking on a column and selecting the menu item EditPaste or selecting the corresponding icon Paste Selection
Depending on your selection in step 4 the copied column is
inserted before or after the marked column.
6. change the entries of the inserted column to desired values
as described above.
Adding several columns by performing the described steps for
each of them may take a lot of time. Creating a new GWS by
collecting the desired input data and starting the GWS may be
the shorter way.
How to add a task to the GWS
To add a task to a GWS you
Single
Row
Copy
Paste
F-46
Cut
job name
new GWS
unnamed
unnamed
F-47
3. pressing OK
The entered text is added to the title of the GWS.
F-48
F-49
Starting an Analysis
An analysis is started from the GWS by pressing OK. The
GWS is closed and a question window asks for permission to
delete it's table field entries. The analysis is started on all
tasks of the GWS.
Remark: Alternatively you may press Apply. In this case the analysis is
started without closing the GWS.
Fig. 11:
F-50
Pressing Info opens the window "Info" where more detailed information on the job is given. You may save it for job documentation. This is espescially usefull for FEM-calculations, where
more details are given.
Fig. 12:
See the chapter Monitoring Analysis Progress with Computation Status for detailed information.
If the job is finished the results are available in the Result
Management for interpreting them.
F-51
F-52
5. save the GWS with the menu item FileSave as... under a
unique name and print it for job documentation if desired
6. start the analysis from the GWS with Apply
The job is added to the computation status
7. repeat the steps 2 to 6 for all load channel sets that are to
be checked
If all jobs are finished you may interpret the results and save
the job information displayed in the Window "Info" for documentation.
F-53
F-54
F-55
F-56
F-57
F-58
Load channels
Solution parameter
Method parameter
File type
Search in
File
Channel
Database
Data set
Database
Data set
RPC-III
DEMO_General
race.rsp
001_FORCE_vert
002_FORCE_vert
003_FORCE_vert
Examples
Default
Examples
Default
Examples
30_CrMo_2
F-59
3. Press OK
The database selection window is closed and the menu item
Strain-life ApproachMaterials Data is ticked off.
F-60
F-61
F-62
F-63
6. The Weighted Results, Rainflow Matrix, Damagematrix, Load-notch strain relation and Damage parameter life curve can also be viewed by selecting the corresponding items in the menu Action.
See the chapter Management of Non-FEM Results for further
information on loading and saving Non-FEM result folders and
the chapter Viewing Non-FEM Results for additional information on the result plots.
F-64
F-65
F-66
Spot welds having different fatigue behavior may also be separated into different element sets.
The user can split the finite element model into as many element sets as necessary. The individual procedure to produce
element sets depends on the finite element tool and is described in Part 6 Reference - Interfaces to Finite Element
Tools of this manual.
Stress results
When an FEM based analysis is to be done, the results that are
stored in the finite element result files are used.
Element stresses have been averaged by the finite element
program, and in general, have less resolution than element
nodal stresses. Fatigue calculations with element stresses will
generally take less time than with element nodal stresses because elements typically have multiple nodes.
If calculations are done using element nodal stresses, fatigue
damage at each node is calculated. In cases where elements
share nodes, the graphical post-processor will do averaging of
the fatigue damage at the time the data is displayed.
LMS FALANCS expects nodal stresses at elements. Nodal averaged
stresses may not be processed.
F-67
subdirectory
load histories
\demo\general
stress-life curves
\pdb\examples\snc
\pdb\examples\mparam
\pdb\examples\sp_stress
FE-result files
\demo\falancs\qstat
FE-set files
\demo\falancs\qstat
F-68
F-69
The selection of
z load history files and channels
z stress-life curves
z method parameter sets and
z solution parameter sets
is done in the same way as for a Non-FEM analysis and is described in detail in the paragraph Collecting Input Data for
Non-FEM Analyses.
For an example calculation load the following data:
Load history file
File type
Search in
File
RPC-III
DEMO_General
plate_high_frq.rsp
Load channels
Channel
001_ANTISYM
Stress-life curves
Database
Data set
Examples
plate_example
Solution parameter
Database
Data set
Examples
Default
Method parameter
Database
Data set
Examples
Default
and the FE-result files, element sets and load cases as described in the following instructions.
Remark: See the LMS FALANCS Examples & Verification Manual for additional example calculations.
F-70
2. Select:
ANSYS (*.rst)
File type
DEMO_FALANCS_qstat
Search in
plate_quasistatic_ansys.rst
File
The File type depends on your FE interface. If you use another interface select the corresponding File type entry and
an according result file.
3. Press Open
The file selection window is closed and the menu item File
Open FE-Result Files... is ticked off.
4. Select the menu item Stress-life ApproachFEM: Load
Cases in the window "LMS FALANCS"
The selection window "Selection of load cases" appears.
F-71
5. Select:
File
Channel
plate_quasistatic_ansys.rst
Plate/force_antimetric
F-72
F-73
3. Press Open
The file selection window is closed and the menu item File
Open FE Set Files is ticked off.
4. Select the menu item Stress-life ApproachFEM: Sets
in the window "LMS FALANCS"
The selection window "Selection of element sets" appears.
5. Select:
File
Element set
plate_quasistatic_ansys.tsi
I_RIGHT (196 elements)
F-74
6. Press OK
F-75
The method parameters are not listed in the GWS but the
channel calibration is additionally given. The window title
"Stress life Approach FEM prop.- Geometry Work Sheet"
indicates the used approach.
F-76
The method parameters are not listed in the window "Geometry Cell" but the channel calibration is given for each
channel.
How to modify the GWS for a FEM-based analysis
In the GWS of a FEM-based analysis you may edit table entries, define the job name and save and print the GWS. You
modify it in the same way as the GWS of a non-FEM analysis.
See the paragraphs:
z
z
z
z
z
F-77
F-78
F-79
F-80
F-81
F-82
base 10 logarithm of the damage to the result file. The user can
define a value that marks elements below the endurance limit.
This value is given by the parameter Value to indicate
infinite life in the property sheet [FEM Results] of the
method parameters.
Typically, values for
design
, the
Rainflow-Projector-Norm,
N design
N
F-83
F-84
The data sheet "Define Material Data Sheet" opens with the
data approximated by the uniform material law.
6. Specify a name in the field Material and make some
changes to the data if you feel it to be necessary.
7. Accept the data by pressing OK.
The data sheet is saved under the specified name and
closed. It is now available in the database selection window
"Selection of Material Data Sheets" to be selected as material data for an anlaysis.
When pressing Apply the data sheet is saved but not
closed.
F-85
F-86
Stress-life Approach
The data needed for a Stress-life Approach analysis is listed
below:
z A Load History File, with at least one Channel or Rainflow
matrix.
z A stress-life curve, with the following information:
Tensile Strength,
Compressive Strength,
and the physical units of each;
the R-ratio at which the S-N curve was determined,
the slopes of the S-N curve, or defining points of the S-N
curve.
z A Solution parameter set, with the following information:
Mean stress correction method,
damage accumulation rule,
surface correction factor,
size correction factor,
limit damage sum,
local stress state parameters (FEM or LTS-analysis
only),
and how to handle situations involving multiple channels
with different channel lengths;
for Design Curve and Design Point calculations, the Load
Variable, Unknown Variable, and Life Load Level can be
specified.
z A method parameter set, with the following information
Number of rainflow bins
FEM result information (FEM only)
Nonproportional FEM filter information (FEM nonproportional only)
z In the Geometry Work Sheet and Cell,
the offset and factor that should be applied to the load
history,
and the values of e~ (non FEM only) and e L~ for the load
history.
F-87
Strain-life Approach
The data needed for a Strain-life Approach analysis is listed
below:
z A Load History File, with at least one Channel.
z A strain-life material parameter set, with the following information:
Manson-Coffin-Morrow relation
Fatigue Strength Coefficient,
Fatigue Ductility Coefficient,
Fatigue Strength Exponent, and
Fatigue Ductility Exponent.
Endurance Limit specified by one of
Number of Cycles,
Stress Amplitude,
Strain Amplitude.
Stress-Strain relation (Ramberg-Osgood)
Youngs Modulus,
Cyclic Hardening Coefficient,
Cyclic Hardening Exponent,
Tensile Strength,
Compressive Strength, and
the Strain Ratio of the test data.
Remark: The above material data can also be estimated by using the uniform material law.
F-88
Part 3
F-89
F-90
Overview
F-91
Overview
The part Reference Graphical User Interface contains the
chapters:
z Menus
The functions of every menu item in the LMS FALANCS
main window "LMS FALANCS" are explained.
z Common Operations
Commonly used user interaction is described, such as file
operations, operations on data sets, selecting input data,
monitoring, printing and working with the Geometry Work
Sheet.
z Management of Non-FEM Results
The loading, saving and exporting of Non-FEM results is
described in detail.
z Management of FEM Results
The handling of FEM results is described.
z Viewing Results
The windows for viewing Non-FEM and FEM results are
explained.
z LMS FALANCS Methods
LMS FALANCS offers some methods beside the Fatigue
Analysis. These methods are described in this chapter. Additionally the procedure for performing the history reduction on results is described.
z Data Sheets
General information on data sheets in LMS FALANCS is
given. The data sheets for defining, updating and viewing
data sets are explained in detail.
z Error and Information Messages
The major information and error messages of LMS FALANCS and some hints for solving the respective problems
and failures are listed.
F-92
Menus
F-93
Menus
When LMS FALANCS is started, the main window titled "LMS
FALANCS" appears.
Fig. 15:
Overview
The menu items from the main window are:
z
z
z
z
z
z
File
Stress-life Approach
Strain-life Approach
Tools
Configuration
Help.
F-94
3. Select the appropriate material property data for the analysis in the Stress-life Curves or Materials Data submenus.
4. Select the channels from the load sequence files using the
Load Histories sub-menu.
5. Select the appropriate solution parameters (for example,
damage parameters) from the Solution Parameters submenu.
6. Select the appropriate method parameters (for example, for
spot weld calculation) from the Method Parameters submenu.
7. If using finite element data, select the FEM:Load Cases
and FEM:Sets to define what load cases or finite element
sets to use in the analysis.
8. Select either a non FEM: Fatigue Analysis or FEM: Fatigue Analysis.
9. Modify the Geometry Work Sheet and start the calculation.
10.View the results with the Results sub-menu.
11. Conduct fatigue sensitive editing with History Reduction
if the fatigue sensitive editing option was selected in the
fatigue analysis.
Menus
F-95
Menu: File
The purpose of the File menu item is to access sub-menus that
allow the user to select the name, location and type of files that
contain load sequence information and finite element results,
or to exit the program.
Fig. 16:
F-96
Only those formats the user has licensed are available. See
section LMS FALANCS: basic product and operational
part, licensing for more information on licensing. The supported element types and methods to obtain these result
files are described in the corresponding section of Part 6
Reference - Interfaces to Finite Element Tools.
Menu item FileOpen FE Set Files...
The file selection window "Selection of component file" appears. Its purpose is to specify the name, location and type
of files that contain finite element node or element set information to be used for either the Stress-life Approach or
the Strain-life Approach fatigue analysis methods for FE
(finite element) data.
The only available file type is ELEMENT SETS (*.tsi).
The selected files are checked to make certain they conform
to the format. See the section about your FE-interface in
Part 6 Reference - Interfaces to Finite Element Tools on
how to produce such set-files.
Menu item FileOpen GWS File ...
The file selection window "Load Geometry Work Sheet" appears. Its purpose is to reopen a Geometry Work Sheet
stored in a former analysis run. LMS FALANCS automatically detects whether this folder was created in the stresslife approach or in the strain-life approach and opens the
corresponding folder.
Menus
F-97
F-98
Fig. 17:
Menus
F-99
F-100
Menus
F-101
F-102
Menus
F-103
Fig. 18:
F-104
Menus
F-105
F-106
Menus
F-107
F-108
Menu: Tools
The entries of the menu Tools depend on your configuration.
Some converting tools for the FEM analysis may be accessed
from the Tools menu. You can also view the window
"Computation Status" from this menu.
Remark: When starting the tools from the Tools menu exact one file is converted. Use the corresponding shell script for converting several files.
Fig. 19:
Menu Tools
Fig. 20: Window "Starting FALANCS tool: ASCII fil file -> FALANCS Element sets"
Menus
F-109
Fig. 21: Window "Starting FALANCS tool: I-DEAS static groups ->
FALANCS Element sets"
F-110
Menus
F-111
Fig. 25: Window "Starting FALANCS tool: Time series -> ABAQUS
input"
Fig. 26: Window "Starting FALANCS tool: ABAQUS .fil Time Series "
F-112
Fig. 27: Window "Starting FALANCS tool: IDEAS unv file Time
Series "
See the chapter Monitoring Analysis Progress with Computation Status for further information.
Menus
F-113
Menu: Configuration
The menu Configuration helps you by the local configuration of
LMS FALANCS. It currently contains the items Method Parameters and Databases.
Fig. 29:
Menu Configuration
The values that are displayed are the currently valid entries. These are either default values or values that have
been changed in the system configuration file or your local
configuration file.
If any parameter is changed and the OK or Apply button is
pressed this value is changed in the local configuration file
falancs.ini. The corresponding entries are automatically
generated.
See the description of the window "Options" for further information.
Menu item ConfigurationDatabases...
Selecting the menu item starts up the interactive Database
Configuration Tool for creating and modifying user defined
databases.
See the paragraph The Database Configuration Tool for detailed information on using the DCT.
F-114
Menu:Help
Selecting this item you can display this help information or get
Information on the version of LMS FALANCS you are currently running. The LMS FALANCS installation provides the
Netscape browser to view the help information. You can choose
another html-browser by changing the corresponding entries in
the configuration file tecware.ini.
Fig. 30:
Menu Help
Menus
F-115
Fig. 31: The window giving information on the LMS FALANCS version
F-116
Common Operations
F-117
Common Operations
This chapter describes the commonly used user interaction in
LMS FALANCS.
The chapter contains the paragraphs:
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
F-118
File Selection
The common file selection windows are equivalent to the file
selection windows used in LMS TecWare.
There are windows to select one and to select multiple files.
Both versions have the same look and functionality. You can
use a set of predefined directories (default directories) to have
easy access to your project data. In the multiple file selection
you may select files from several directories and files with different file types.
See the individual description in the paragraph Menu: File for
the available selection formats (file types).
Remark: The file selection windows and the working with default directories
are described in detail in the part Data Management in LMS TecWare of the
manual LMS TecWare - Volume I. You open it by selecting the menu item
HelpOverview and selecting the corresponding entry in the appearing online help.
Common Operations
z
z
z
z
z
z
F-119
Fig. 32:
F-120
Fig. 33:
Accept
Delete
Selection of a Directory
The common directory selection windows are equivalent to the
directory selection windows used in LMS TecWare.
Remark: The directory selection windows and the working with default directories are described in detail in the part Data Management in LMS
TecWare of the manual LMS TecWare - Volume I. You open it by selecting
the menu item HelpOverview and selecting the corresponding entry in the
appearing online help.
Search
Common Operations
F-121
The windows
z "Result directory selection"
z "Load Results"
and some others are directory selection windows.
Fig. 34:
Channel Selection
Channel selection windows are used for a more specific element
selection from already loaded files:
loaded file
load history file
test schedule definition
component file
FE result file
elements
load history channels (time
series or rainflow matrices)
test schedule segments
element sets
load cases.
F-122
Common Operations
Fig. 35:
F-123
F-124
Down
Up
Down
All selected elements are added to the Lower list box.
Up
One or more entries selected in the Lower list box are removed from the list.
Lower list box
The Lower list box contains all selected elements. For
each element the path and name of the file it is stored in
and the name of the element are listed.
The Lower list box in the window "Selection of load cases"
contains an additional list on the left:
Fig. 36: The Lower list box in the window "Selection of load cases"
Common Operations
F-125
and
test schedule segments: this information is displayed in
the window "Test Schedule Segments - Info".
No detailed information on FEM sets and load cases is
available.
Graphics
Selecting this button will plot Rainflow matrices and load
history channels that are highlighted in the Lower list
box.
The display tools are defined in the section [LoadHistoryView] of the configuration file falancs.ini by the parameters:
RF-Matrices = RainView
Rainflow matrices are plotted in the window
"RAINFLOW Matrices" by the tool LMS TecWare RainView. Only one matrix at a time can be displayed. For
viewing several matrices select and display one rainflow
matrix after the other.
TimeSeries = TimeEdit
Time series are displayed using LMS TecWare TimeEdit.
You may edit the selected time series and perform the
LMS TecWare methods on them.
TimeSeries = TimeView
Time series are displayed using the view-only version
LMS TecWare TimeView. Editing the time series is not
possible.
Displaying time series and rainflow matrices in the same
display is not possible. But you may open LMS TecWare
TimeEdit/TimeView and the window "RAINFLOW Matrix"
concurrently.
The button Graphics is visible only when loading load history channels. The visualization of test schedules, FEM sets
and load cases is not available from the channel selection
window. Use your FEM tool for visualizing load cases.
F-126
OK
All elements listed in the Lower list box are accepted for
fatigue analysis. They are used as input for each further
analysis in the stress-life approach as well as in the strainlife approach until other elements are loaded.
The menu item calling the channel selection window is
ticked off.
Cancel
The channel selection window is closed without loading new
elements for the next fatigue analysis. If any elements were
loaded before opening the channel selection window, they
will be used again in the next analysis as input.
Help
The LMS FALANCS online help system is opened.
Common Operations
Fig. 37:
F-127
The window contains the menu Action, the area Search, two
List boxes and some Buttons.
Menu: Action
The menu Action contains menu items for the working with
data sheets.
ActionUniform Material Law
This menu item is only available in the database selection
window "Selection of Material Data Sheets". It calls the
window "Estimation Based on Uniform Material Law"
where you specify the parameters for estimating strain life
material properties.
ActionDefine
The data sheet for creating a new element of the currently
selected database appears.
F-128
Search
In the area Search you specify the database and the criterion
for the data set search.
Database
All defined databases are available via the option menu Database.
You may select successively several databases and select
data sets of them all.
Search Field
The field can be filled with the name of an existing data set.
The user may enter a search string to search the database
for matching data sets.
The default entry is an asterisk "*" matching all data sets of
a database.
Search
The selected database is searched for data sets matching
the entered Search String. All found data sets are listed in
the Upper list box.
Common Operations
F-129
List boxes
The list boxes in the middle of the window display all data sets
found in a specified database and matching your selection.
You may select data sets from several databases by changing
the entry in the field Database, loading the data sets of the
new database into the Upper list box and adding one or more
of these entries to the Lower list box.
Upper list box
Data sets that match the search criteria are listed.
One or more marked data sets are added to the Lower list
box when pressing the Down button. Double clicking on
the single entries has the same effect.
A single marked data set may be updated by using the
menu item ActionUpdate.
One or more marked data sets may be erased by using the
menu item ActionErase.
Down
Down
All elements marked in the Upper list box and the databases they are stored in are added to the Lower list box.
Double clicking on a single entry in the Upper list box has
the same effect.
Up
Up
Elements marked in the Lower list box are removed from
the list.
Double clicking on a single entry in the Lower list box has
the same effect.
Lower list box
Data sets selected for an analysis, are listed in this box. For
each data set its name and the database it is stored in is entered to the list.
F-130
To remove one or more data sets from the list mark them
and press the Up button. Double clicking on the single entries has the same effect.
A single marked data set may be used as template for creating a new data set by using the menu item ActionDefine.
Buttons
Below the list boxes the following buttons are visible:
Data Sheet
Pressing Data Sheet opens the data sheet of the data set
that is currently selected in the Lower list box. You may
view but not change the parameters of the data set.
See the chapter Data Sheets for a description of the appearing window.
Graphics
The button Graphics is not visible in all database selection
windows. If available you may use it for displaying graphically the data set, that is currently selected in the Lower
list box.
OK
The window is closed. The data sets listed in the Lower list
box are selected for further computations. Former selections are no longer valid.
Cancel
The window is closed without selecting any elements. The
last done selection is still valid.
Help
The online help to the data selection window is opened.
Pressing [F1] has the same function.
See the paragraph Operations on Data Sets for further information on database operations and performing them.
Common Operations
F-131
F-132
Common Operations
F-133
Fig. 38:
The databases and their entries you can select from are listed
in the upper box of the database selection windows. The lower
box lists all the selected entries.
Remark: When loading method parameters only one set may be selected for
a LMS FALANCS job.
F-134
up
Common Operations
F-135
Fig. 39:
F-136
Fig. 40:
These menu items are sensitive if any load history files were
previously specified (the corresponding menu item FileOpen
Load History Files... is ticked off).
How to load load history channels from a formerly loaded
file
You load several channels by
1. opening the corresponding channel selection window "Load
History Selection"
Common Operations
F-137
Down
Up
F-138
Fig. 43:
Common Operations
F-139
Down
F-140
Up
Common Operations
F-141
F-142
Common Operations
Down
Up
F-143
Fig. 49: The menu item Test Schedule Segments... is ticked off.
Remark: Note that you do not select the channels corresponding to the load
cases in this window. All the channels in the test schedule file are used. Use
the button Info and/or the button get test sched. in the window "Load case
selection" to properly match the channels to load cases!
F-144
Common Operations
Down
Up
F-145
F-146
If you need a new data set of a specific data type for your
analysis choose the menu item ActionDefine in the according database selection window. The corresponding data
sheet appears where you define the parameters of the new data
set.
You may use the parameters of an existing element as template or use default parameters defined.
You may specify your own default parameters by creating a
new database element with these parameters and using it as
template for further definitions.
For information on the individual parameters refer to the
chapter Data Sheets for a detailed description of the different
data sheets.
How to define new data sets
You define a new data set by
1. opening the database selection window for the desired data
type (e.g., window "Selection of Stress-life Data Sheets" for
Stress-life curves) in the menu Stress-life Approach or
Strain-life Approach if not yet done
2. using
an existing data set as template
1. select a database where the template is stored in (option menu Database)
All data set of the selected database are listed in the
Upper list box.
2. select the template in the Upper list box, add it to
the Lower list box and mark it therein
Common Operations
F-147
F-148
4. pressing
OK
The new data set is added to the specified database. If a
data set with the same name already exists in the database, you are asked for permission to overwrite this element.
The data sheet is closed.
Apply
The new data set is added to the specified database. If a
data set with the same name already exists in the database, you are asked for permission to overwrite this element.
The data sheet is kept open. You may edit the name field
and other parameters to create another data set .
One can use this feature for defining successively several
data sets.
5. pressing OK for closing the database selection window.
Common Operations
F-149
F-150
Fig. 53: Updating the data sheet of the SN-curve "Sample Steel" in the
database Default
The name and the database are not to be changed. The according fields are set insensitive. All other parameters may
be changed.
Additionally you may start a printout of the data sheet by
pressing Print.
5. editing the available parameters
6. pressing
OK
The changes are saved and the data sheet is closed. The
opened database selection window gets the focus.
Apply
The changes are saved and the data sheet is kept open.
You may modify another parameter set.
Pressing Cancel will close the data sheet without changing
the parameters.
7. repeating the steps 2. to 6. for updating several data sets if
desired
8. pressing OK or Cancel for closing the database selection
window
Common Operations
F-151
F-152
Common Operations
F-153
Fig. 54: Viewing the data sheet of the SN-curve "Sample Steel" in the
database Default
F-154
Fig. 55:
Common Operations
F-155
Fig. 56:
F-156
Fig. 57:
Displaying time series and rainflow matrices in the same display is not possible. But you may open LMS TecWare
TimeEdit/TimeView and the window "RAINFLOW Matrix"
concurrently.
Remark: For further information on the used LMS TecWare tools see the
paragraph LMS TecWare TimeEdit and the part Visualization of Rainflow
Matrices in the manual LMS TecWare - Volume II. You may view these
chapters in the online-help or in the pdf-version. The online-help is opened by
selecting the menu item HelpOverview in the LMS FALANCS main window "LMS FALANCS" and choosing the corresponding entry. The pdfversion is located in the subdirectory manual of your LMS TecWare installation directory and is named tecware_volume_2_en.pdf.
Common Operations
F-157
General concepts
LMS FALANCS supports several methods for the Non FEMand the FEM-case:
Non FEM
FEM
fatigue analysis
fatigue analysis
(static or modal superposition)
History Reduction.
Transient Analysis
F-158
Fig. 58:
Fig. 59:
Common Operations
F-159
Fig. 60:
Fig. 61:
F-160
Common Operations
F-161
The clipboard
To improve user interaction there are various possibilities to
select, change, copy, cut and paste parts in the Geometry Work
Sheet table. The default mode is to select one entry in the Geometry Work Sheet after the other and change it individually.
But there are various situations where several entries should
be changed in the same way. By using the multi selection facilities of the Geometry Work Sheet this task can be fulfilled
easily. The various possibilities of selection can be chosen from
the menu Select or by using the corresponding icon in the
toolbar. The selection modes are:
z
z
z
z
z
F-162
Example print:
In the following the printout of a Geometry Work Sheet for
a local time series analysis is listed. The input data are:
three load history channels
the stress-life curve Sample Steel from the database Default
the solution parameter Default from the database
Default
the element set HS_01_Elem_3016.
Common Operations
F-163
************************************************
Stress-life Approach FEM local time series Geometry Work Sheet
************************************************
Job Name: default-lts
User: faluser
Date: 18. March 2002
Time: 14:54:21
Load Histories Information
==========================
____________________________________________________
ID
: C_001
File
: C:\falancs\LoadHistories\rpf2.asc
Channel
: K_1
Calibration
: O: 0
F: 1
load
time series
____________________________________________________
ID
: C_002
File
: C:\falancs\LoadHistoriesrpf2.asc
Channel
: K_2
Calibration
: O: 0
F: 1
load
time series
____________________________________________________
ID
: C_003
File
: C:\falancs\LoadHistories\rpf2.asc
Channel
: K_3
Calibration
: O: 0
F: 1
load
time series
____________________________________________________
Stress-life Curve: Sample Steel
==================
Database
: Default
Comment
Tensile Strength
Compressive Strength
Physical Unit
R-ratio
:
:
:
:
450
1250
MPa
-1
SN Curve Type
S1
SE
k1
k2
N0
N1
NE
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
SN Curve
80
80
5
5
177.58
1E+6
1E+6
F-164
: Dang Van
alpha
Shear (tau)
: -1.5
: 80
Stress-life Approach
Mean Stress Correction
Damage Accumulation
: NS / None
: Miner's Rule (elementary)
Spot welds
Diameter of spot welds to be analyzed
: 5
Shift of nugget SN-curve against sheet
: 0.7
Calculate damage in the spot weld nugget too : Yes
General
Surface Correction
: 1
Size Correction
: 1
Limit Damage Sum
: 1
FEM/LTS: Local Stress State : pseudo stress: crit.
plane, open. mode (I)
Different Channel Lengths: Truncate
Design Point
Unknown Variable
Probability of Failure
Life
Load Level
Tolerance
:
:
:
:
:
Computed Points
Axis
Type
Tolerance
: Load Level
: Automatic
: 0.1
General
------Data set name
Database name
Number of rainflow bins
Compute TSDs exact
(include residual influence
between events
Fatigue Sensitive Editing
Life
50 %
1000 Blocks
1
0.05
: Default
: Poptext
: 100
: No
: No
Common Operations
NP FEM
-----Number of critical planes
Maximum number of projection
directions
Tolerance angle
Maximum norm quotient
Elimination safety factor
Use absolute elimination
threshold
Absolute elimination threshold
Use strain-life also for
elimination runs
FEM Results
----------Result 1
Use logarithmic scale for
Result 1
Result 2
F-165
: 18
:
:
:
:
250
10
100000
100
: No
: 0.001
: Yes
: Miner sum
: Yes
: Design Life Factor
(N_Design/N)
Result 3
: Load Design Factor
(Sig/SigDesign)
Result 4
: RF Norm
Value to indicate infinite life : -30
Factor on 'Limit Damage Sum'
to indicate static failure
: 100
RP-Filter
--------Filter width for filter runs
: 0.7
: 0.3
Hot Spots
--------Calculate hot spots
Minimum damage (log)
Threshold (log)
Maximum number
Minimum size
Determination of size effects
LTS
--Generate stress time series
Generate strain time series
Projection angle
:
:
:
:
:
:
No
-30
1.2
20
1
none
:
:
:
:
Yes
No
No
0
F-166
Common Operations
F-167
F-168
Common Operations
Fig. 62:
F-169
You may change the entries of available fields and press Apply
to accept the changes for the selected entries in the window
"Geometry Work Sheet".
F-170
Overview
Fig. 63:
Common Operations
F-171
Fig. 64:
Information on jobs
F-172
Job State
Jobs that have been finished can have the following states:
finished
The job finished correctly without errors.
Stopped
The job was aborted.
Stopped without message
The job was canceled or killed from outside (e.g., from operating system level).
finished with error
An error occurred during the calculation. Please check your
input data.
Common Operations
F-173
Proportional FEM-analysis
For proportional FEM-analysis two steps are necessary: First
two tasks in a non FEM analysis have to be done. Here the
same states as in the section above are displayed. The damage
for each node is calculated in the second step where also the
results are written. The states are
Reading load case n
The n-th load case is read from the result file.
x% finished
The damage calculation finished x% of the complete analysis.
Writing results
The result file is written.
Non-proportional FEM-analysis
The non proportional FEM-analysis is subdivided in several
steps:
FEM/NP controller
This job controls the whole process. Hence it is running during
the complete analysis. States are
in progress
The controller is running.
finished
The complete job has finished.
F-174
Parsing input
% finished
The surface detection process has finished x% of all possible
directions.
finished (time)
The surface detection has finished at the given time.
Common Operations
F-175
F-176
History reduction
Shortens the time series according to the damage of the individual parts. States are:
in progress
History reduction is running.
finished
History reduction has finished.
External Tools
The tools accessible from the menu Tools are started independently from the LMS FALANCS main process. There is no
job control available for these tools. The computation status
box only indicates that the job was started. There is no control
whether the tools finish correctly. In the process list box the
name of the tool is listed.
started independently
The external tool has been started.
Common Operations
F-177
Fig. 65:
F-178
Section: Printer
Here you define the output device and its properties.
Name
Name of the printer used as output device. The arrow button opens a list of all defined printers from where you may
select another printer.
Properties
The window "Printer properties" appears where you specify
the properties of the selected printer. The layout of this
window and the available parameters depend on the selected printer.
Remark: All printouts of graphics in LMS FALANCS should be done in
landscape format because the layout of the printouts is done in this format.
Status
The current status of the printer is displayed.
Type
The short description of the printer as defined in your computer system.
Where
The location of the printer as defined in your computer system.
Comment
The comment for the printer as defined in your computer
system.
Monochrome
If this check box is activated the printout will be monochrome.
Remark: This check box is not always visible.
Common Operations
F-179
Background
If this checkbox is activated the background of graphics will
be printed too.
This function is relevant for plotters which naturally have
problems with filled areas.
Remark: This check box is not always visible.
Print to file
Activate this check box to store the printout as a file. You
may print it later.
Section: Copies
Here you cause the printing of several copies.
Number of copies
Enter the number of copies to be printed.
Collate
If this check box is activated the copies will be sorted.
Buttons
OK
If the check box Print to file is not active: The printout is
sent to the selected printer.
If the check box Print to file is active: A file selection
window appears where you define a file. The printout is
stored in this file. You may print it later. The file selection window works as described in the paragraph Single
file selection windows in LMS FALANCS of this manual.
Cancel
The window is closed. Nothing will be printed.
F-180
Fig. 66:
Window "Print"
Search
Printer
The currently selected printer is displayed in the Printer
display field.
Other printers may be chosen in the window "List of Printers" by clicking on the Search button on the right:
Common Operations
F-181
Copies
The number of copies of the specified page can be changed
in the Copies input field. Any positive integer in the range
[1, 999] can be entered.
F-182
F-183
F-184
Fig. 68:
Fig. 69:
list of results
F-185
For each result its name and creation date are entered. Below
this entry the tasks of the result are listed. For each task the
task number (or name if defined) and the number of blocks are
entered. The short cuts *MIN* and *MAX* denote the tasks
with the minimum respectively maximum number of blocks.
Multiple marking is possible (e.g. infinite number of blocks in
several tasks will cause several *MAX* marks).
Down
Up
The tasks contained in the lower list box are supposed for
viewing them (up to four tasks simultaneously) or performing
the history reduction on it (single task only). You add a task to
the lower list box by double clicking it in the result list or selecting it and pressing the Down icon. Double clicking an entry
in the lower list box or selecting it and pressing the Up icon
will remove it from the list.
The following paragraphs describe in detail how to
z load formerly saved Non-FEM result folders
(paragraph Loading Non-FEM Results)
z save complete Non-FEM result folders
(paragraph Saving Non-FEM Results)
z remove complete Non-FEM result folders from the result
management
(paragraph Removing Non-FEM Results from the Result
Management)
z export the displayed list in the csv- or ASCII-format
(paragraph Exporting the List of Non-FEM Results)
Information on viewing Non-FEM results and performing the
History Reduction are given in the chapters
z Viewing Non-FEM Results:
how to view up to four Non-FEM result tasks simultaneously from the window "result selection"
and
z History Reduction:
how to perform history reduction on single tasks from the
window "history reduction
F-186
F-187
F-188
F-189
Fig. 70:
The field File type is preset with the entry CSV(*.csv) resp.
ASCII(*.txt) according to the chosen export format.
When pressing OK the created file is saved in the specified directory.
F-190
Fig. 71:
Fig. 72:
= ['JobName','TaskName','Life']
= ['CH','CH','R4']
= [32,32,19]
COLUMNOFFSET = [0,1,1]
END
nonFEM-test-5-notset
nonFEM-test-5-notset
nonFEM-test-5-notset
nonFEM-test-1
nonFEM-test-1
nonFEM-test-1
nonFEM-test-1
nonFEM-test-2
nonFEM-test-2
nonFEM-test-2
1
12
13
1
2
3
4
1
5
6
0
0
0
0
0
787752
1E+30
0
0
0
F-191
F-192
F-193
Fig. 73:
F-194
Fig. 74:
F-195
F-196
Viewing Results
F-197
Viewing Results
You can display graphically the results of an analysis and get
some information on it.
The viewing of Non-FEM results and FEM results is handled
in different ways. See the following paragraphs
z Viewing Non-FEM Results and
z Viewing FEM Results
for the corresponding descriptions.
F-198
Fig. 75:
Viewing Results
F-199
Fig. 76:
F-200
Viewing Results
F-201
Fig. 77:
F-202
Fig. 78:
Viewing Results
F-203
Fig. 79:
F-204
Design Point
The window "Design Point" lists the job, task, material data
set, load level, cycles, blocks and failure mode for each task.
The window appears after selecting the menu item Action
Design Point in one of the display windows "Results",
"Weighted Results" and "Results in blocks".
Fig. 80:
Viewing Results
F-205
Fig. 81:
F-206
Viewing Results
F-207
Weighted Results
The window "Weighted Point" appears after selecting the menu
item ActionWeighted Results in one of the display windows "Results" and "Results in blocks".
Fig. 82:
F-208
Blocks
The window "Results in blocks" appears after selecting the
menu item ActionDesign Point in one of the display windows "Results" and "Weighted Results".
Only the variable amplitude life curve is plotted, where the
horizontal axis refers to blocks (number of repeats of the loading sequence) instead of cycles.
Fig. 83:
Viewing Results
F-209
Rainflow-Matrix
The rainflow matrices, which you get as a part of the NONFEM results describe the local stresses:
z In the strain approach, they are counted starting at the
physical level 0 in order to track the correct orientation of
the hysteresis cycles (standing or hanging ones). This is
necessary here because it influences the calculation of the
corresponding strains. As a consequence, the residue of
these rainflow matrices always starts with the bin belonging the physical value 0. This is independent of the first
point of the input time histories. For test schedules, the
same is done for first segment only. The other segments
need not be started with 0.
z For the stress approach, the counting always starts at the
first point defined by the input time histories. This is not
necessarily the 0-stress level
The window "RAINFLOW-Matrix" appears after selecting the
menu item ActionRainflow-Matrix in one of the display
windows "Results", "Weighted Results" and "Results in blocks".
Fig. 84:
F-210
Viewing Results
F-211
Damage matrix
A damage matrix is displayed for the selected task.
Fig. 85:
F-212
For each task a plot of the stress on the vertical axis and
strain in percent on the horizontal axis is drawn.
e
Fig. 86:
The legend gives for each curve the corresponding material parameter name, the load notch approximation and the limit load
ratio. If a load notch curve is given by a file the name of the file
is displayed in the legend.
The buttons and fields in this window have the same meaning
as on the "Results" window.
The load-notch strain relation is calculated frrom the RambergOsgood relation and the load notch approximation approach.
Viewing Results
F-213
Fig. 87:
F-214
Viewing Results
F-215
Damage plots
Several damage plots are available:
Computed Damage
If you choose to display the computed damage (selected by
Result 1 = Miner sum) the displayed value is by default
the logarithm to the base 10 of the Miner sum.
, If the limit damage sum in the used solution parameter
set is set to 1.0, the Miner sum corresponds to
1.0/ number of repetitions to failure.
, If you choose another limit damage sum the Miner sum
corresponds to
limit damage sum / number of repetitions to
failure.
Remark: Since failure is assumed if the Miner Sum exceeds limit damage
sum this value is independent of limit damage sum (except residual effects).
Number of Repetitions
If you are interested in the number of repetitions itself select
Result 1 = Number of blocks.
1/Number of Repetitions
You can also select Result 1 = 1/number of blocks".
Use logarithmic scale
The entry Use logarithmic scale in the panel FEM Results of the method parameters defines whether the damage results (specified in Result 1) are displayed in logarithmic or linear scale:
If checked, the logarithm of the Miner Sum is displayed
such that contour plots with equidistant contour lines can
be used. This means a value in the plot of e.g. 3 means
that the Miner sum is 0.001 and for a limit damage sum of
1.0 the part holds for 1000 repetitions at this node.
F-216
Viewing Results
F-217
F-218
Viewing Results
F-219
Hot Spots
If you are interested in the detected hot spots set Result 4 =
Hot spot number. The number of the hot spot to which an
element belongs to is displayed. If the element does not belong
to a hotspot the value is 0.
Remark: The hot spot calculation is performed only if the check box Calculate hot spots is activated in the panel Hot Spots of the method parameters.
Other Plots
Several displays are available:
Elimination Run Number
For a non-proportional FEM analysis with several filter
runs you can display the number of filter run, when the
nodes are eliminated. You can use these results to adjust
the Filter Width entries in the property sheet RP Filter of
the method parameters.
To get this display you have to set Result 2 = Elimination
run number in the panel FEM Results of the method parameters.
Rainflow Projector Norm
The setting Result 4 = RF Norm (Rainflow projector norm)
may be used to visualize the representative elements. Only
for those non zero results are achieved.
Task Number
The setting Result 4 = Task number displays for each
task of the result file its number.
F-220
F-221
F-222
F-223
The writing of principle stresses can be configured in the falancs.ini file by setting the parameter LTS_Principles in
the section [Method Parameters].
Which of the possible output channels are written depends on
the corresponding settings in the method parameters.
F-224
F-225
Transient Analysis
A transient damage analysis may be performed on FE data
from ANSYS, NASTRAN, ABAQUS and CATIA.
You simply have to select the FE-file and the load cases. No
explicit extraction of the stress histories from the FE-file is required. You just have to select the menu item Stress-life ApproachFEM: transient analysis respectively Strain-life
ApproachFEM: transient analysis. You then just proceed
as in case of an ordinary quasi-static FEM computation.
Remark: The computation is performed on shell elements only.
F-226
History Reduction
The purpose of the history reduction is to interactively edit the
load sequence by eliminating cycles that do not contribute
much to the total damage of the history. This function is available only in Non-FEM calculations and only if the Fatigue
Sensitive Editing option was chosen in the data sheet of the
used method parameter.
The history reduction is available both in the Stress-life Approach and in the Strain-life Approach. It is performed on single result tasks and is started from the window "history reduction".
A history reduction is done in five steps:
1. Selection of the result task.
2. Definition of the reduction measure.
3. Definition of the minimum resulting segment length.
This number of samples will be the minimum segment
length of the load sequence that will be left between edited
portions of the load sequence. This value could be adjusted
if, for example, maintaining a certain power spectral density
of the time history was needed.
4. Selection of the result directory.
5. Start of the method.
If the method was successfully performed, a new result folder
is created in the specified directory. It contains the reduced
time history, i.e. the result of the history reduction. The new
folder and its task are named as the original task and the
folder it is contained in.
How to perform a history reduction
You perform a history reduction by
1. selecting the item Non-FEM: History reduction in the
menu Stress-life Approach or Strain-life-Approach
The window "history reduction" appears.
2. loading a result file into the result list as described in the
paragraph Loading Non-FEM Results
F-227
Fig. 88: Pressing Down adds the selected task to the lower list box
4. pressing OK
The window "Damage selection" appears. The window "history reduction" is closed. Press Apply instead of OK to keep
it open.
F-228
The entries in the two fields below the graph are changing
accordingly.
6. entering the desired resulting segment length in the corresponding field
7. entering the path and name of the save directory for the reduction result in the field result directory
F-229
F-230
Data Sheets
F-231
Data Sheets
Data sheets in LMS FALANCS contain the parameters of a database element like material data, solution parameters,
method parameters and stress-life curves (SN-curves and Bastenaire curves, each with Dang Van data).
The data sheets are opened from the database selection windows and are used to
z view the parameters of a database element
z update an existing database element
and
z create a new database element.
Additionally you may print the data sheet.
Remark: See the paragraph Operations on Database Elements for further
information on these actions.
F-232
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-233
F-234
SN curve
SN curve
Bastenaire
Bastenaire
Simple
Multiple points
Simple
Multiple points
For Bastenaire and SN curves only the parameter values corresponding to the amplitude definition are stored and used in
the computation. The definition using maximum stresses is
supported only for the users convenience. The parameter values defined here are automatically converted to amplitude values taking the R-ratio into account. In case of SN curves the
slope format is used internally as well as in the database.
Since LMS FALANCS 2.11 an arbitrary number of databases
is allowed for each kind of data set. This feature should be used
to define a database for SN-curve data sets and another database for Dang Van data sets. The data sets from the
z SN-curve database
are used in the stress life approach only . The computation
program checks the type of stress-life curve (SN curve or
Bastenaire) and uses the corresponding data. The user can
always check, which part of the data set is valid by inspecting the curve type.
The Dang Van data are ignored.
z Dang Van database
are used in the safety factor approach only. The computation program checks the type of Dang Van data (simple or
multiple points) and uses the corresponding data. The user
can always check, which part of the data is valid by inspecting the Dang Van type.
The tensile strength, the compressive strength and the Rratio, which are common to the stress-life curves and the
Bastenaire curves, are not used.
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-235
Remark: The definition of the type of analysis to be performed (either ordinary stress life approach or safety factor approach) is not defined within the
data set described here, but in the entry FEM/LTS: Local Stress State of the
solution parameter set where the option Pseudo stress: Dang Van has to
be chosen to activate the safety factor approach.
F-236
Fig. 92:
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-237
Element
The area Element contains general information on the data
set like its name and the types of the SN-curve and the Dang
Van data.
Stress-life Curve
To define a constant amplitude Stress-life (S-N) Curve,
the name of the data set must be entered into this field.
When viewing or updating a data set this field is not editable. The name must not be changed.
Database
When defining a new SN-curve data set or a Dang Van data
set you specify the database it is to be stored in in this option menu. Available entries are all databases defined for
SN-curves and Dang Van data. If you use an existing data
set as template the field is preset with the database this
data set is contained in. The database Default is chosen if
you use the LMS FALANCS default values as template.
When viewing or updating a data set this field is not editable. The database must not be changed.
Remark: For updating and defining a data set the selected database
must be editable! Otherwise, the buttons OK and Apply are insensitive.
Comment
This text is saved as comment to the material data. It is editable when updating or defining a material data.
The comment may contain up to 80 characters.
SN Curve Type
Specifies the type of stress-life curve. Available entries are
SN Curve and Bastenaire.
Dang Van Type
Specifies the type of Dang Van data. Available entries are
Dang Van
If the View Mode Dang Van is chosen, the area Curve
Definition contains
F-238
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-239
Fig. 93:
The area General Data for SN-Curves in the window "Define Stress-life Data Sheet"
Tensile Strength
The material tensile strength is entered into this input
field. The values can range from (0, 10E+10]. If this value is
exceeded by the maximum value in the time history, a static
failure mode is reported. The display units of the Tensile
Strength are specified in the Physical Unit field.
Compressive Strength
The material compressive strength is entered into this field.
The values can range from (0, 10E+10]. If this value is exceeded by the minimum value in the time history, a static
failure mode is reported. The display units of the Compressive Strength are specified in the Physical Unit field.
Physical Unit
The option menu by the Physical Unit field allows the user
to select various units for the tensile and compressive
strength. It is this unit that is plotted on the vertical axis of
the S-N, or Load-Cycles, plot. The choices of units are MPa,
Pa, N and Nm.
F-240
Remark: The unit is used only for displaying the data! No internal conversion is performed based on the unit.
R-ratio
The R-ratio at which the stress-life material properties
were determined is entered into the R-ratio input field. The
R-ratio is the value of minimum load / maximum load for
the constant amplitude material properties test. A fully reversed (R = -1) S-N curve can be calculated if the R-ratio
for the defined material properties is known, in conjunction
with the Mean Stress Correction parameter given in the
Solution Parameters. The option menu next to the input
field lists some common values, including minus infinity.
The value for the R-ratio can be in the range [minus infinity, 1) and R>1.
View Mode
The available entries in the option menu View Mode depend on the chosen combination of stress-life curve type and
Dang Van data type.
SN Curve Type Dang Van Type View Mode
SN Curve
Bastenaire
Dang Van
Dang Van
Bastenaire (ampl.)
(for Bastenaire curve)
Bastenaire (max.
stress) (for Bastenaire
curve)
Dang Van (for Dang
Van data)
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-241
SN Curve
Bastenaire
Dang Van
multiple points
Dang Van
multiple points
Bastenaire (ampl.)
(for Bastenaire curve)
Bastenaire (max.
stress) (for Bastenaire
curve)
Dang Van multiple
points
The default view mode for SN curves is Slope and for Bastenaire curves it is Bastenaire (ampl.).
If the SN Curve Type is changed while the View Mode is
Dang Van or Dang Van multiple points, then the View
Mode is automatically changed because it is assumed, that
the user now wants to get the data corresponding to the new
curve type he has chosen
If Slope is chosen , key points and slopes on the log-log S-N
curve are used to define the SN-curve. If Point is chosen,
only key points are used to define the SN-curve. If the mode
is changed from Slope to Point (or vice-versa) after the
properties have been defined, the other set of parameters is
calculated.
F-242
Curve Definition
The definition of an ordinary SN curve can be done using one
of the 4 View Mode options for SN curves. It is up to the user
to choose the one he is most familiar with. Internally the data
is always converted to and represented and stored in the slope
format.
The definition of a Bastenaire curve can be done using one of
the 2 View Mode options for Bastenaire curves. It is up to the
user to choose the one he is most familiar with. The data is internally always converted to and represented and stored in the
amplitude format.
Remark: The different representations and their relations can be found in the
Appendix: Data Representations of Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van
Data.
The number of elements in the area Curve Definition depends on the settings in the option menus SN Curve Type,
Dang Van Type and View Mode.
The combination SN Curve Type SN curve + View Mode
Slope
ignores the Dang Van Type setting and fills the area with
the elements
S1
The load used, if necessary, to define a second point on a
two-sloped S-N curve. If the S-N curve can be adequately
described by one slope, then enter a value for S1 equal to
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-243
N1 S
=
N S1
k1
NE S
=
N
SE
k2
NE
The cycles value used to define the endurance limit of
the material in the constant amplitude material properties test. The units of NE are cycles and the valid range
is [1, 1e15].
F-244
S1
The load used, if necessary, to define a second point on a
two-sloped S-N curve. If the S-N curve can be adequately
described by one slope, then enter a value for S1 equal to
SE. The unit of S1 is set in the field Physical Unit and
the valid range is from [SE, Tensile Strength].
SE
The load value used to define the endurance limit of the
material in the constant amplitude material properties
test. The unit of SE is set by the field Physical Unit
and the valid range is from (0, Tensile Strength].
N0
The value N0 defines the number of cycles at the first
corner point (N0, Tensile Strength).
N1
The cycles used, if necessary, to define a second point on
a two-sloped S-N curve. If the S-N curve can be adequately described by one slope (S1 = SE) the value in the
N1 field will be ignored. The units of N1 are cycles and
the valid range is [N0, NE].
NE
The cycles value used to define the endurance limit of
the material in the constant amplitude material proper-
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-245
ties test. The units of NE are cycles and the valid range
is [1, 1e15].
The combination SN Curve Type SN curve + View Mode
Basquin (Amplitude)
ignores the Dang Van Type setting and fills the area with
the elements A1 (ampl), B1 (ampl), A2 (ampl),B2 (ampl)
and SE (ampl).
F-246
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-247
F-248
Add
Adds the point defined in the edit fields Pressure and
Shear (tau) to the List of Multiple Points.
Modify
Modifies the selected point in the List of Multiple
Points according to the edit fields Pressure and Shear
(tau).
Delete
Deletes the selected point from the List of Multiple
Points.
Sort
Sorts the entries by ascending angles in the p- -plane.
List of Multiple Points
All defined points are listed. The entries have the form
<pressure> ; <shear>
where <pressure> and <shear> are the pressure and
shear values of a point.
Selecting a point entry in the list enters the corresponding values into the fields Pressure and Shear (tau).
Use the buttons Add, Modify, Delete and Sort and the
fields Pressure and Shear (tau) for editing the List of
Multiple Points.
Pressure / Shear (tau)
The values in these edit fields define a point in the p- plane. They correspond to the parameters p i and i used
in the chapter Data Representation of Dang Van Data of
the Appendix: Data Representations of Stress-Life
Curves and Dang Van Data.
The Data Sheet for Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van Data
F-249
Buttons
The data sheet contains the following buttons:
OK
When defining new stress-life data a new element is added
to the selected database. Its name and parameters are defined by the settings in the window. The data sheet is
closed.
When updating existing stress-life data the new settings are
stored and the data sheet is closed. The old parameter values are lost.
When viewing stress-life data the data sheet is closed.
Apply
As OK but without closing the data sheet.
Cancel
The data sheet is closed without creating a new database
element.
Print
The window "Print" appears from where you start the printout of the data sheet.
Help
The online help system is started displaying the according
chapter.
F-250
F-251
F-252
Fig. 94:
The window contains the areas Element, Strain-life Approach (resp. Stress-life Approach and Spot welds), General, Design Point, Computed Points and FEM/LTS: Local Stress State and some buttons.
F-253
Element
In the area Element general database settings are defined.
Fig. 95:
Solution parameter
When defining a new solution parameter set you enter its
name at this field. If you use an existing solution parameter
set as template the field is preset with the name of this set.
The field is left blank if you use the LMS FALANCS default
values as template.
When viewing or updating a solution parameter set this
field is not editable. The name must not be changed.
Database
When defining a new solution parameter set you specify the
database it is to be stored in in this option menu. Available
entries are all databases defined for solution parameter
sets. If you use an existing solution parameter set as template the field is preset with the database this set is contained in. The database Default is chosen if you use the
LMS FALANCS default values as template.
When viewing or updating a solution parameter set this
field is not editable. The database must not be changed.
Remark: For updating and defining solution parameter sets the selected
database must be editable! Otherwise, the buttons OK and Apply are insensitive.
Comment
This text is saved as comment to the solution parameter set.
It is editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
The comment may contain up to 80 characters.
F-254
Strain-life Approach
The Load-notch Strain Curve calculation method, or the
File to use, can be specified in this area. The Limit-Load Ratio can be entered into the input field.
This area is visible only in the Strain-life Approach. In the
Stress-life Approach it is replaced by the areas Stress-life
Approach and Spot welds.
The area fields are editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
Fig. 96:
The area Strain-life Approach in the window "Define Solution Parameter Set"
F-255
Search
File
If the option File is selected in the option menu Loadnotch Strain Curve, you enter the name of the input file
at this field.
The Search button opens a file selection window where you
can browse for a Load-notch Strain Curve file.
Remark: If a Load notch strain curve is used for FEM based analysis, this
load notch strain relation has to give the relation between equivalent
stress and equivalent strain.
P_Bergmann
F-256
Start linearization at
For log-log linear regression (PSWT-Linear, PJ, synthetic
stress-life curve), the start point may be defined here.
The default value is 1000. Prior to LMS FALANCS 2.6 this
value was hardcoded to a value of 100.
End linearization at
For log-log linear regression (PSWT-Linear, PJ, synthetic
stress-life curve), the end point may be defined here.
The default value is 2E+5. Prior to LMS FALANCS 2.9 this
value was set to the endurance limit
Residual Stress
If a non zero value is given here, an analysis using the
"Thin surface layer" approach with the given residual stress
value is performed.
The default value is 0.
Remark: This parameter is ignored if RFM matrices are used as input.
F-257
Stress-life Approach
Mean stress correction and damage accumulation methods are
defined in the area Stress-life Approach.
This area is visible only in the Stress-life Approach. In the
Strain-life Approach it is replaced by the area Strain-life Approach.
The area fields are editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
Fig. 97:
The area Stress-life Approach in the window "Define Solution Parameter Set"
Necessary input
fields
NS/None
NS/Goodman
None
M
(def. M=0.3)
M, M1, M3
(def. M=0.3, M1=0.3,
M3=0.1)
NS/3 Segments
F-258
Name
Necessary input
fields
F-259
F-260
Spot welds
This area is visible only in the Stress-life Approach. In the
Strain-life Approach it is replaced by the area Strain-life Approach.
The area fields are editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
Fig. 98:
The area Spot welds in the window "Define Solution Parameter Set"
F-261
the SN-Curve for the sheet. A factor lower than 1.0 may be
applied in these cases, i.e.
S E ,nugget
S E ,sheet
F-262
General
General solution parameters are defined in this area.
The area fields are editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
Fig. 99:
Surface Correction
A surface correction parameter may be input into this field.
This parameter accounts for changes in the surface roughness between the actual component and the specimens from
which the basic constant amplitude life curve were determined. It is defined as the endurance limit of the rough
specimen over the endurance limit of a polished specimen.
The surface correction parameter can take values in the
range (0, 2].
The default value is 1.
A discussion of these parameters is given in the LMS FALANCS Theory Manual.
Size Correction
A size correction parameter may be input into this field.
This parameter accounts for size difference, if needed, between the actual component and the specimens from which
the basic life curve(in the Strain-life Approach) resp. S-N
curve (in the Stress-life Approach) were determined. It is
defined as the endurance limit of the component over the
endurance limit of the lab specimen. The size correction parameter can take values in the range (0, 3].
The default value is 1.
F-263
F-264
Design Point
In the area Design Point you specify a particular design
point. It is used to calculate a life curve for the particular load
sequences and parameters specified
The area fields are editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
Fig. 100:
The area Design Point in the window "Define Solution Parameter Set"
Unknown Variable
The unknown variable of the Design Point in the fatigue
analysis can be specified by the option menu Unknown
Variable. The choices are Life or Load Level. One of
these two will be known and the corresponding value of the
other will be calculated.
The default selection is Life.
Probability of Failure
The probability of failure is at 50 percent unless a prior statistical analysis has been done on the material dataset using TecWare LifeStat.
Life
The life of the design point can be specified in the input field
in terms of Cycles or Blocks of the load history.
The default value is 1000.
F-265
Load Level
The multiplier of the load level given in units of the load after the offset and factor have been applied (in other words,
the calibrated load ) is to be entered into this input field.
For example, if 2 is entered into this input field, the design
point load level will be set at twice the maximum amplitude
in the calibrated load sequence. The calibration of the load
sequence with the offset and factor is discussed in the section Geometry Work Sheet.
In the Results display, the computed variable amplitude
life curve and life points will be presented with respect to
multiples of the Load Level.
For analyses with several superimposed channels, the
pseudo stress is calculated to determine the fatigue damage.
However, in the results display, the load amplitude that is
referred to is the amplitude of the first channel in the list
that contributes to the damage.
The default value is 1.
Tolerance
If Load Level is chosen as Unknown Variable, a given
life is back calculated. This entry specifies the tolerance for
this calculation.
The default value is 0.05.
F-266
Computed Points
In the area Computed Points you specify the location of additional points on the life curve to be computed, with respect to
the location of the input design point.
For example, if the design point is at location 1.0, then a load
level point of 0.5 is at half the load level of the design point.
The area fields are editable when updating or defining a solution parameter set.
Fig. 101:
Axis
This option menu is for user specified calculation of additional points on the life curve.
The available options are:
Load Level
computed points are in terms of multiples of the design
point along the vertical axis
Life
computed points are in terms of multiples of the design
points life
The default selection is Load Level.
F-267
Type
The user can input a number of defined points, have a given
number of design points, or have design points automatically generated.
The option button menu at this location will give these options. Once this option has been selected, several numbers
will appear in the list box to the right and correspond to the
factor applied to the design point variable specified with the
Axis option menu button.
For example, if Axis is set to Load Level and the Type is
set to 5 Points, the first number in the list box will be 1.5,
meaning a point on the variable amplitude S-N curve will be
generated at 1.5 times the design load. Other numbers in
the list have a similar meaning. The points can be edited
using the Delete, Add and Modify buttons and the input
field below the list box. If Automatic is chosen, LMS FALANCS tries to distribute the computed points between the
endurance limit and static failure.
The default selection is Automatic.
Remark: If you use a solution parameter for proportional FEM Analysis,
Type is automatically set to Automatic for this analysis.
Tolerance
If Life is chosen as Axis, a given life is back calculated.
This entry specifies the tolerance for this calculation.
The default value is 0.1.
F-268
Fig. 102:
The area FEM/LTS: Local Stress State in the window "Define Solution Parameter Set"
F-269
F-270
F-271
F-272
Buttons
OK
When defining a new solution parameter set a new element
is added to the selected database. Its name and parameters
are defined by the settings in the window. The data sheet is
closed.
When updating an existing solution parameter set the new
settings are stored in the set and the data sheet is closed.
The old parameter values are lost.
When viewing a solution parameter set the data sheet is
closed.
Apply
As OK but without closing the data sheet.
Cancel
The data sheet is closed without creating a new database
element.
Print
The window "Print" appears from where you start the printout of the data sheet.
Help
The online help system is started displaying the according
chapter.
F-273
F-274
Fig. 103:
The window contains the areas Element, Manson-CoffinMorrow Relation, Static Failure Data, Endurance Limit,
Ramberg-Osgood Relation, Measurement and Multiaxial
material model (Jiang) and some buttons.
F-275
Element
In the area Element general database settings are defined.
Fig. 104:
Material
When defining new material data you enter its name at this
field. If you use an existing material data as template the
field is preset with the name of this set. The field is left
blank if you use the LMS FALANCS default values as template.
When viewing or updating a material data this field is not
editable. The name must not be changed.
Database
When defining a new material data you specify the database
it is to be stored in in this option menu. Available entries
are all databases defined for material data. If you use an
existing material data as template the field is preset with
the database this data is contained in. The database Default is chosen if you use the LMS FALANCS default values as template.
When viewing or updating a material data this field is not
editable. The database must not be changed.
Remark: For updating and defining material data the selected database
must be editable! Otherwise, the buttons OK and Apply are insensitive.
Comment
This text is saved as comment to the material data. It is editable when updating or defining a material data.
The comment may contain up to 80 characters.
F-276
Manson-Coffin-Morrow Relation
Material properties relating to strain-life failure are defined in
this area.
Fig. 105:
Formula
The strain-life damage equation is displayed:
f
(2 N )b + f (2 N )c
E
F-277
Fig. 106:
The area Static Failure Data in the window "Define Material Data Sheet"
The units for these quantities are MPa and the entered values
must be positive. If these values are exceeded by the maximum
or minimum value in the time history, a static failure mode is
reported.
The default value for Tensile Strength is 600 MPa (Stress)
resp. 3.849% (Strain) and the default value for Compressive
Strength is 1800 MPa.
There are no default values for the strains. By the default setting of the radio buttons, the strains are calculated from the
stresses using the Ramberg-Osgood-relation. If the radio button for strain is activated, then the strains can be defined by
the user and the stresses are re-calculated again from the
Ramberg-Osgood-relation.
F-278
Endurance Limit
The parameters of the endurance limit are defined in this area.
Fig. 107:
F-279
Ramberg-Osgood Relation
The cyclic stress-strain properties are listed in this area.
Fig. 108:
Formula
The Ramberg-Osgood relation is displayed:
= +
E K
Youngs Modulus
The modulus of elasticity is entered in MPa. Allowed values
are in the range [100,1e7].
The default value is 2E+5.
Cyclic Hardening Coefficient
Allowed values are in the range [100, Young's Modulus].
The values are given in MPa.
The default value is 990.
Cyclic Hardening Exponent
Allowed values are in the range (0.03, 0.5).
The default value is 0.15.
F-280
Measurement
This area contains information on the measured data.
Fig. 109:
R-ratio
The R-ratio of the constant amplitude strain controlled test
from which the material properties have been determined is
entered in this input field.
The ratio is defined as the minimum stress amplitude over
the maximum stress amplitude and can take values in the
range ( minus infinity, 1] and > 1.
The option menu on the right offers common values of the
ratio.
The default value is -1.
Material parameters were measured in
The test type is chosen in the option menu. Available entries are Torsion and Tension.
The default selection is Tension.
Remark: If you have performed torsion tests to determine your parameters, you have to set the letter parameter to Torsion so that your parameters are correctly interpreted. In this case, you must enter the torsional data in the appropriate fields, e.g. G in the E field, etc.
If axial tests have been performed and the data is to be used in a torsion
analysis, be sure to enter the correct value for the Poisson's ratio in
area Multiaxial material model (Jiang).
F-281
Fig. 110:
The area Multiaxial material model (Jiang) in the window "Define Material Data Sheet"
F-282
Buttons
OK
When defining new strain-life material data a new element
is added to the selected database. Its name and parameters
are defined by the settings in the window. The data sheet is
closed.
When updating existing strain-life material data the new
settings are stored in the database element and the data
sheet is closed. The old parameter values are lost.
When viewing strain-life material data the data sheet is
closed.
Apply
As OK but without closing the data sheet.
Cancel
Selecting this button will close the data sheet without defining or saving any information.
Print
Selecting the Print button will call the "Print" window to
allow the user to print the strain-life material data.
Help
Selecting this button will display this help information.
F-283
F-284
The window is called via the button Data Sheet in the database selection window "Selection of Method Parameter
Sets". All fields are insensitive.
See the paragraph Viewing and Printing a Database Entry
for detailed information on viewing database elements.
F-285
General
In the panel General method parameters are defined that are
used in both FEM analyses and Non-FEM analyses.
Fig. 111:
F-286
F-287
F-288
NP FEM
Fig. 112:
F-289
F-290
F-291
FEM Results
The LMS FALANCS result files contain four computed values
for each task. The settings in the panel FEM Results specifies
the four results that are written into the result file and defines
the values that are used to indicate infinite life and static failures.
How to find the 4 results in a LMS FALANCS result file depends on the FE-file format which is used. The FE-file formats
are described in Part 6 Reference - Interfaces to Finite Element Tools.
Fig. 113:
Result 1
This entry changes the displayed value if you choose to display damage(max), damage(top) or damage(bottom). The
value of Use logarithmic scale for Result 1 also influences the display.
The following options are available:
Miner sum
The Miner sum is displayed.
F-292
If the limit damage sum is set to 1.0, the Miner sum corresponds to 1.0 / (number of sustainable repetitions).
If you choose another limit damage sum, it corresponds
to (limit damage sum) / (number of sustainable repetitions) to failure.
Be aware that since failure is assumed if the Miner Sum
exceeds limit damage sum the number of sustainable
repetitions depends (almost) linearly on the limit damage sum, and hence in the case of Miner Sum the display
is (almost) independent of the limit damage sum.
1/number of blocks
The value 1.0 / (number of sustainable repetitions) is
displayed.
Number of blocks
The number of sustainable repetitions is displayed.
The default option is Miner sum.
In former releases the option menu was named Write
damage as.
Use logarithmic scale for Result 1
If checked, the logarithm of the damage is displayed such
that contour plots with equidistant contour lines can be
used to display.
If not checked the damage values are written to the result
file as they are.
As default the option is checked.
Result 2
One of the following options may be selected. The according
result is written into the result file.
Design life Factor (N_Design/N)
The ratio of the design life value (N_Design) and the
computed life (N) is written. N_Design can be defined in
the solution parameter set (variable Life in section Design Point).
Elimination run number
F-293
F-294
F-295
F-296
RP Filter
Fig. 114:
F-297
Add
The value in the text box is added to the list box.
Change
Exchanges the selected entry in the list box with the value
in the text box.
Remove
Removes a selected entry from the list box.
F-298
Hot Spots
In the panel Hot Spots you define whether hot spots are calculated during an analysis and specify the parameters for the
calculation.
Fig. 115:
F-299
F-300
LTS
In the panel LTS you define the parameters for the Local Time
Series (LTS) calculation and specify which kind of time series
are generated.
Fig. 116:
F-301
F-302
N_<node>_Fx
force
N_<node>_Fy
"
N_<node>_Fz
"
N_<node>_Mx
moment
N_<node>_My
"
N_<node>_Mz
"
where <node> is the node number.
F-303
Buttons
The following buttons are available on each panel:
OK
When defining a new method parameter set a new element
is added to the selected database. Its name and parameters
are defined by the settings in the window. The data sheet is
closed.
When updating an existing method parameter set the new
settings are stored in the database element and the data
sheet is closed. The old parameter values are lost.
When viewing a method parameter set the data sheet is
closed.
Cancel
Selecting this button will close the data sheet without defining or saving any information.
Print
Selecting the Print button will call the "Print" window to
allow the user to print the strain-life material data.
Help
Selecting this button will display this help information.
F-304
F-305
F-306
File Selection
The channels of the selected file cannot be read. Possible reason: wrong format
File: <File name>
The number of channels of the selected file cannot be
read.
Possible reason: defect in file or wrong format
File: <File name>
You probably did not choose the right format entry for the
given file. Please check the option button File type.
The selected file <file name> cannot be read.
Internal data access function returned error <error
number>
The file seems to be corrupted. Please check the file.
Databases
Error while initializing the database
The entry in the falancs.ini pointing to the database directory is not valid. Check your falancs.ini configuration
file.
Error while opening the database
The database inventory file could not be opened. Check your
falancs.ini configuration file.
Can't open <database entry file>
The selected entry points to <database entry file> which can
not be opened. Some other user could be editing it.
F-307
Database editing
The field <field> has an invalid value
The field <field> needs a valueless than <value>
The field <field> needs a value less or equal <value>
The field <field> needs a value greater than <value>
The field <field> needs a value greater or equal to
<value>
The field <field> needs a value not equal to <value>
The field <field> needs a value within <value1> <= x <=
<value2>
You entered an invalid number. Please check with the corresponding section of this manual what the physical meaning this field represents and in what range entries have to
be specified.
The field <field> is empty. Please input a correct value
You left the field empty, but an input is necessary. Please
check with the corresponding section of this manual as to
what the physical meaning this field represents and in what
range entries have to be specified.
The input implies in the field <field> a value greater |
greater or equal | less |less or equal |equal to value.
Value is automatically adapted.
Some inputs also alter other fields. If this leads to invalid
entries in those fields, they are automatically changed to
correct values.
F-308
F-309
F-310
F-311
Starting a job
Before starting a job, the Geometry Work Sheet is checked for
consistency. If any inconsistency occurs, the job can not be
started until the Geometry Work Sheet is corrected. Please
follow the instructions in the error messages:
Rainflow channels or channels containing elasticplastic strains are combined with other channels in row
number <row number> (Task/Site = '<task>') and <number of rows other row(s). This is not allowed. Please correct these rows.
No concentration factors unequal to zero found in row
<row number>(Task/Site = '<task>') and <number> other
row(s).
Please correct these rows.
There are missing material- and/or solution parameter
entries in row <row number> (Set = '<Element set>') and
<number> other row(s) of the tablefield. Please enter
the missing entries.
There are <number of duplicates> duplicate row(s)
<number of duplicates> duplicate column(s) in the tablefield. The first duplicate row is <number of row>
(Task/Site = '<task>'), the first duplicate column is
<number of column. Please remove them before proceeding!"
F-312
Some combinations in the Geometry Work Sheet are not possible to analyze using LMS FALANCS. The following messages
indicate them.
Error in GWS (task <task>, column c_<column>)
The damage parameter PJ can't be used to analyze rainflow matrices!
Error in GWS (task <task>, column c_<column>)
The damage parameter PJ can't be used for a FEM/NP
analysis!
Error in GWS (task <task>, column c_<column>)
Load and elastic-plastic strain can't be combined in one
task.
Error in GWS (task <task>)
Spot welds can not be computed with transient input.
Error in GWS (task <task>)
The license for computing spot welds is not available.
Error in GWS (task <task>)
Elastic-plastic strain can only be used in non-FEM.
Delete the tablefield - entries.
Delete the tablefield - entries after finishing calculations?
The existing workfolder contains entries. Create a new
folder?
Before the Geometry Work Sheet is deleted, you must confirm the request to delete the current Geometry Work Sheet
by either pressing the Cancel button or the OK button
(here the Geometry Work Sheet is deleted after performing
the analysis. It is kept open if you start the analysis by
pressing the Apply button.) or loading a Geometry Work
Sheet by the file options the user must confirm the deletion.
The job <job name> is still running.
You tried to start a job with the same name as a running
job. Since this could lead to unpredictable results, this is
F-313
FEM specific
The number of selected load histories (<number of load
histories>) doesn't match the number of selected load
cases (<number of load cases>). Please correct one of
these selections.
Each load history is matched with one load case during initialization of the Geometry Work Sheet. Hence you have to
select the same number for each of them. Note that you
should select them in a matching order to reduce the necessary editing in the Geometry Work Sheet.
The number of selected materials must not be greater
than the number of selected element sets. Please correct
one of these selections.
The number of selected solution parameters must not be
greater than the number of selected element sets. Please
correct one of these selections.
For each element set there has to be one material and one
solution parameter set. Ensure that you select them correspondingly.
F-314
Either approach
The arguments for task <task> are incorrect!
Either the material, S-N-Curve or solution parameter set
include wrong entries or your Geometry Work Sheet is corrupted. Please check all your input and try again.
An error occurred during the calculation of the local
loading of task <task>
Your load histories may be corrupted. Please check them.
Other possible reasons may be that you may not write to the
location where the RF-Matrix is written to, or the disk is
full.
An error occurred during the calculation of the design
point of task <task name>
An error occurred during the calculation of the damage
channel of task <task name>
An error occurred during the iteration to calculate of
the design point of task <task name>
An error occurred during the calculation of task <task>
These messages most probably indicate some problem with
memory or the file handling. Please check your permissions
on the directory results are written to and whether enough
disk space is provided there. Try to solve memory problems
by restarting LMS FALANCS. If the problems persist
please contact your LMS FALANCS support person.
F-315
Stress-life approach
An error occurred during the calculation of the S-Ncurve of task <task name>
Please check your S-N-curve entries.
The combination of SN-Curve and mean stress influence
used in task <task name> may lead to unpredictable results. Please check your parameters!
The combination of SN-Curve and mean stress influence
used in this task may lead to assigning a non zero damage
contribution to a hysteresis loop with zero amplitude but a
mean stress near the tensile strength of the material. You
F-316
History reduction
This computation has no damage
You selected a task that created no damage. Hence no history reduction can be based on this task. Check your input
parameters.
The result directory must be specified
The result directory can't be created
The result directory does not exist create it?
You have to specify a valid directory name as a result directory. If the directory does not exist it may be automatically
created.
F-317
F-318
F-319
Licensing problems
This paragraph explains messages concerning licensing problems.
License "<License>" not available
License "<License>" can't be loaded
License "<License>" has expired
License file could not be loaded
License key for "<License>" is wrong
Check the section about licensing in Part 1 of this manual
and check with your LMS contact if your license has expired.
F-320
F-321
Part 4
ReferenceBatch Mode
Interface
Batch processing using LMS FALANCS allows the user to set
up fatigue analyses that can be executed anytime without further user input. This may be particularly useful if there are
large analysis jobs to be run at off-peak times, such as at night.
The user may define a set of jobs at a time and then put them
into the batch queue for later processing.
Another important application is to run the analysis integrated
in larger process queue like shape optimization or for parameter studies.
F-322
F-323
<batch-file-name>
[<program>]
where
F-324
<return code>
Is 1 = success, 0 = failure
Fig. 117:
The command starting the batch processing is set in the section [Batch Processing] of the configuration file
falancs.ini by the entry
GWSBatchProgram = <command>
F-325
F-326
F-327
where
F-328
and
<output command file> is the name of the batch command
file to generate.
The option is useful for initially setting up the Geometry Work
Sheet interactively, and then later editing this folder and executing LMS FALANCS in batch mode.
F-329
Path Specification
If file names must be given in the command file, then the path
specification follows the UNIX notation. For example,
$TEST_ROOT/Input/AS/woehler4.dat
$TEST_ROOT/Input/IF/$SYSTYP/demo.erg
F-330
NAME
Syntax:
Name=job name
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
valid file name
COMMENT
Syntax:
Comment=comment
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
any text
APPROACH
Syntax:
Approach=STRESS | STRAIN
Function:
PROGRAM
Syntax:
Function:
Type
Meaning
non-FEM damage analysis
fatigue sensitive editing
non-proportional FEM
proportional FEM
F-331
LINES
Syntax:
Lines=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of tasks
Remark: In the following we assume to have m tasks.
COLUMNS
Syntax:
Columns=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of columns
Remark: In the following we assume to have n columns.
F-332
I
Syntax:
i=task name
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
number of a task in the GWS
i=1,...Lines
task name string
name of the i-th task
Remark: There must be as many defined tasks as the specified number
of rows ( parameter Lines in section [Job]).
F-333
NAME
Syntax
Name=material parameter
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
material parameter set
DBSECTION
Syntax
DBSection=section
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
section name in falancs.ini
F-334
Full version
The full parameter set is given in the section [Method Param]
NAME
Syntax
Name=material parameter
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
material parameter set
DBSECTION
Syntax
DBSection=section
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
section name in falancs.ini
NOOFCRITPLANES
Syntax
NoOfCritPlanes=number
Function:
Default: 18
Type
integer
Meaning
number of critical planes
NOOFRFMCLASSES
Syntax
NoOfRFMClasses=number
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
number of classes
F-335
TSDEXACT
Syntax
TSDExact=0 | 1
Function:
Type
Meaning
after each event of the test schedule
there remains a residue of unclosed
loops that may also influence the
simulation of the next event
the influence of the residue is ignored
0
Default: 0
Remark: In the non-FEM stress approach, the residue is always taken
into account.
FSE
Syntax
FSE=0 | 1
Function:
Type
1
Default: 0
Meaning
no history reduction may be performed
the history reduction may be performed
FILTERWIDTH--C
Syntax
FilterWidth--c=number
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
number of defined filter widthes
F-336
FILTERWIDTH--I
Syntax
FilterWidth--i=width
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
i-th filter width
i=1...FilterWidth--c
Remark: Filterwidth--1 > Filterwidth--2 > .. > Filterwidth--c.
See the description of the parameter Filterwidth for filter runs in the
panel RPFilter of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
NOOFPROJECTIONS
Syntax
NoOfProjections=number
Function:
Default: 250
Type
integer
Meaning
number of projection directions
TOLANGLE
Syntax
TolAngle=angle
Function:
Default: 10
Type
real
Meaning
tolerance angle
F-337
NORMQUOTIENT
Syntax
NormQuotient=quotient
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
quotient
integer
norm quotient
Default: 100000
Remark: See the description of the parameter Maximum norm quotient in the panel NP FEM of the data sheet for method parameters for
further information.
ELIMSAFETYFACTOR
Syntax
ElimSafetyFactor=factor
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
numerical criterion
Default: 100
Remark: See the description of the parameter Elimination safety factor in the panel NP FEM of the data sheet for method parameters for
further information.
USEABSELIMLIMIT
Syntax
UseAbsElimLimit=0 | 1
Function:
1
Default: 0
Type
Meaning
the value of the <Elimination
threshold> is automatically chosen
from the elimination run
AbsElimLimit is used as <Elimination threshold>
F-338
ABSELIMLIMIT
Syntax
AbsElimLimit=factor
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
factor
real
numerical criterion
Default: 0.001
Remark: See the description of the parameter Absolute elimination
threshold in the panel NP FEM of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
STRAINLIFEFORALL
Syntax
StrainLifeForAll=0 | 1
Function:
Default: 1
Argument
0
1
Type
Meaning
stress-life approach is used
strain-life approach is used
SHOWNODEELIM
Syntax
ShowNodeElim=0 | 1
Function:
Meaning
the ratio of the design life value (N_Design)
and the computed life (N) is used
the elimination run number is used
Default: 0
Remark: See the description of the parameter Result 2 in the panel
FEM Results of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
F-339
FEMWRITEDAMAGE
Syntax
FEMWriteDamage=WriteDamageMinerSum |
WriteDamageRecLifeTime | WriteDamageLifeTime
Function:
Meaning
The Miner Sum is used
The value 1.0 / (number of sustainable repetitions) is used
The number of sustainable repetitions is used
Default: WriteDamageMinerSum
Remark: See the description of the parameter Result 1 in the panel
FEM Results of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
FEMWRITEDAMLOG
Syntax
FEMWriteDamLog=0 | 1
Function:
Default: 1
Type
Meaning
the damage values are written to the
result file as they are
the logarithm of the damage is displayed such that contour plots with
equidistant contour lines can be used
to display
F-340
LOGD_INFINITELIFE
Syntax
LogD_InfiniteLife=value
Function:
Default: -30
Type
real
Meaning
indicator value for infinite life
STATICFAILFACTOR
Syntax
StaticFailFactor=factor
Function:
Default: -100
Type
integer
Meaning
factor
FEMWRITESIGMA
Syntax
FEMWriteSigma=ShowSigmaOverSigmaDesign |
ShowSigmaMax | ShowSigmaMaxAmplitude |
ShowSigmaSafetyFactor
Function:
Argument
Meaning
ShowSigmaOverSigmaDesign the load design factor is written
ShowSigmaMax
the maximum absolute stress
encountered during the loading is written
ShowSigmaMaxAmplitude
the maximum stress amplitude encountered during the
loading is written
ShowSigmaSafetyFactor
The safety factor is written
Default: ShowSigmaOverSigmaDesign
Remark: See the description of the parameter Result 3 in the panel
FEM Results of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
F-341
FEMWRITEDAM5
Syntax
Function:
Meaning
the RF Norm is written
for each task its number is written is
written
the number of the hot spot to which an
element belongs to is written
Default: WriteDamRPNorm
Remark: See the description of the parameter Result 4 in the panel
FEM Results of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
CALCHOTSPOTS
Syntax
CalcHotspots =0 | 1
Function:
Default: 0
Argument
0
1
Meaning
the hot spot calculation is not performed
the hot spot calculation is performed
HSMINDAMAGE
Syntax
HSMinDamage=value
Function:
Default: --30
Type
integer
Meaning
limit damage value
F-342
HSTHRESHOLD
Syntax
HSThreshold=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
damage D
Default: --1.2
Remark: See the description of the parameter Threshold (log) in the
panel Hot Spots of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
HSMAXCOUNT
Syntax
HSMaxCount=number
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
maximum number of hot spots
Default: -20
Remark: The hot spots are sorted in such a way, that the damage of the
center element is descending.
HSMINNEIGHBORS
Syntax
HSMinNeighbors=number
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
defines the number of considered
neighbors
Default: -1
Remark: See the description of the parameter Minimum size in the
panel Hot Spots of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
F-343
GENSTRESS
Syntax
GenStress=0 | 1
Function:
Meaning
no stress-time series are generated
stress-time series are generated
Default: 1
Remark: See the description of the parameter Generate strain time
series in the panel LTS of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
GENSTRAIN
Syntax
GenStrain=0 | 1
Function:
Meaning
no strain-time series are generated
strain-time series are generated
Default: 0
Remark: See the description of the parameter Generate strain time
series in the panel LTS of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
PROJECTIONANGLE
Syntax
ProjectionAngle=0 | 1
Function:
Default: 0
Meaning
no -strain time series in the specified direction
are generated
strain time series in the specified direction are
generated
F-344
PROJECTIONANGLEVALUE
Syntax
ProjectionAngleValue=angle
Function:
Default: 0
Type
integer
Meaning
Angle in degrees
GENFORCEANDMOMENT
Syntax
GenForceAndMoment=0 | 1
Function:
Specifies whether time series for forces and moments are generated in the Stress-life Approach
when performing Local Time Series (LTS.
Argument
0
1
Meaning
no -time series for forces and moments are
generated
time series for forces and moments are generated
Default: 0
Remark: See the description of the parameter Generate strain time
series in the panel LTS of the data sheet for method parameters for further information.
ElimSafetyFactor = 100
UseAbsElimLimit = 0
AbsElimLimit = 0.001
StrainLifeForAll = 1
FEMWriteDamage = WriteDamageMinerSum
FEMWriteDamLog = 1
ShowNodeElim = 0
LogD_InfiniteLife = -30
StaticFailFactor = 100
FEMWriteSigma = ShowSigmaOverSigmaDesign
FEMWriteDam5 = WriteDamRPNorm
CalcHotspots = 0
HSMinDamage = -30
HSThreshold = 1.2
HSMaxCount = 20
HSMinNeighbors = 1
GenStress = 1
GenStrain = 0
GenForceAndMoment = 0
ProjectionAngle = 0
ProjectionAngleValue = 0
F-345
F-346
I
Syntax:
i=curve name
Function:
Type
Meaning
integer number of SN-curve
i=1, ..., Lines
curve name
string name of the i-th SN-curve
Remark: There must be as many defined CURVES as the specified number of rows ( parameter Lines in section [Job]).
F-347
DB_I
Syntax:
DB_i=section
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
number of SN-curve
i=1,...number of SN-curves
section
string
corresponding section in the falancs.ini
Remark: There must be as many section entries as SN-curves.
Full version
For each task an individual section
[SNCurve_1]
...
[SNCurve_2]
...
...
[SNCurve_m]
...
where m is the number of the task is given. Each section defines the values for a complete SN-curve.
F-348
NAME
Syntax
Name=name
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
curve name
DBSECTION
Syntax
DBSection=section
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
section name in falancs.ini
COMMENT
Syntax
Comment=text
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
comment
UNIT
Syntax
Unit=MPa | Pa | N | Nm
Function:
Default: "MPa"
Remark: The unit is used only for displaying the data! No internal conversion is performed based on the unit.
F-349
SMAX
Syntax
Smax=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
real
(0, 10E+10]
Remark: If this value is exceeded by the maximum value in the time history, a static failure mode is reported.
SMIN
Syntax
Smin=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
string
(0, 10E+10]
Remark: If this value is exceeded by the maximum value in the time history, a static failure mode is reported.
S1
Syntax
S1=value
Function:
Default:
Remark: If .
Type
real
Meaning
stress value
F-350
SE
Syntax
Se=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
Load value
TE
Syntax
Te=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
tau
ALPHA
Syntax
alpha=value
Function:
Default:
Remark: If .
Type
real
Meaning
alpha
K1
Syntax
k1=value
Function:
Default:
Remark: If .
Type
real
Meaning
k1
F-351
K2
Syntax
k2=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
k2
NE
Syntax
Ne=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
number of cycles
SMHAT
Syntax
SmHat=value
Function:
Type
real
SmHat 1
.
SmHat + 1
Meaning
parameter for R-ratio
Sm
SNCURVETYPE
Syntax
SNCurveType=SNCTypeSNCurve | SNCTypeBastenaire
Function:
Meaning
SN-curve in Whler form
SN-curve in Bastenaire form
F-352
DANGVANTYPE
Syntax
DangVanType=DVTypeDangVan |
DVTypeDangVanMultiPoints
Function:
Meaning
Simple Dang Van data
Multiple points definition
DANGVANPOINTSP--C
Syntax
DangVanPointsP--c=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of Dang Van points
Remark: For DangVanType=DVTypeDangVan one point is needed. For
DangVanType=DVTypeDangVanMultiPoints several points are to be
defined. DangVanPointsP--c = DangVanPointsT--c.
DANGVANPOINTSP--I
Syntax
DangVanPointsP--i=value
Function:
Type
integer
value
real
Meaning
Number of the Dang Van point,
i=1, ..., DangVanPointsP--c
pressure
F-353
DANGVANPOINTST--C
Syntax
DangVanPointsT--c=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of Dang Van points
Remark: For DangVanType=DVTypeDangVan one point is needed. For
DangVanType=DVTypeDangVanMultiPoints several points are to be
defined. DangVanPointsT--c = DangVanPointsP--c.
DANGVANPOINTST--I
Syntax
DangVanPointsT--i=value
Function:
Type
integer
value
real
Meaning
number of the Dang Van point,
i=1, ..., DangVanPointsT--c
tau
BASTENAIREA
Syntax
BastenaireB=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
real
parameter A
Remark: The Bastenaire equation for maximum stresses (amplitude no S S C
A
E
.
exp
tation) has the form N =
B
S SE
F-354
BASTENAIREB
Syntax
BastenaireB=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
parameter B
Default:
Remark: See BastenaireA for the Bastenaire equation.
BASTENAIREC
Syntax
BastenaireC=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
parameter C
Default:
Remark: See BastenaireA for the Bastenaire equation.
DangVanPointsP--1 = 0
DangVanPointsP--2 = 86.4519
DangVanPointsT--c = 2
DangVanPointsT--1 = 129.678
DangVanPointsT--2 = 0
BastenaireA = 6e+007
BastenaireB = 1300
BastenaireC = 2.5
F-355
F-356
I
Syntax:
i=name
Function:
Type
Meaning
integer number of material parameter set
i=1, ..., Lines
name
string name of the i-th material parameter
set
Remark: There must be as many defined materials as the specified
number of rows ( parameter Lines in section [Job]).
DB_I
Syntax:
DB_i=section
Function:
Type
integer
string
Meaning
number of material parameter
corresponding section in the falancs.ini
F-357
material 2>
of section in falancs.ini of material 1>
material m>
of section in falancs.ini of material 1>
Full version
For each task an individual section
[Material_1]
[Material_2]
.
.
.
[Material_m]
where m is the number of the task is given. Each section defines the values for a complete material data set.
NAME
Syntax
Name=name
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
material name
F-358
DBSECTION
Syntax
DBSection=section
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
section name in falancs.ini
COMMENT
Syntax
Comment=text
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
comment
NE
Syntax
Ne=value
Function:
Argument
value
Default: 5.0677E+5
Type
real
Meaning
number of cycles, [1, 1e12]
SIGE
Syntax
SigE=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
Stress amplitude, (0,1000]
F-359
EPSE
Syntax
EpsE=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
Stress amplitude, (0,10]
SMHAT
Syntax
SmHat=value
Function:
Type
integer
SmHat 1
.
SmHat + 1
Meaning
parameter for R-ratio
Sm
TENSTRENGTH
Syntax
TenStrength=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
real
tensile strength, >0
Default: 600 MPa (stress)
Remark: If this value is exceeded by the maximum or minimum value in
the time history, a static failure mode is reported.
Remark: See the description of the parameter Tensile Strength in the
area Static Failure Data of the data sheet for material parameters for
further information.
F-360
COMPRSTRENGTH
Syntax
ComprStrength=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
real
compressive strength, >0
Default: 1800 MPa (stress)
Remark: If this value is exceeded by the maximum or minimum value in
the time history, a static failure mode is reported.
Remark: See the description of the parameter Compressive Strength
in the area Static Failure Data of the data sheet for material parameters for further information.
MATSTRAINTYPE
Syntax
MatStrainType=MatDataTypeTension | MatDataTypeTorsion
Function:
Argument
Meaning
MatDataTypeTension tension tests were performed
MatDataTypeTorsion torsion test were performed
Default: MatDataTypeTension
Remark: If you have performed torsion tests to determine your parameters, you have to set the letter parameter to Torsion so that your parameters are correctly interpreted. In this case, you must enter the torsional data in the appropriate fields, e.g. G in the E field, etc. If axial
tests have been performed and the data is to be used in a torsion analysis,
be sure to enter the correct value for the Poisson's ratio in area Multiaxial material model (Jiang).
F-361
SIG_FSTRICH
Syntax
sig_fStrich=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
fatigue strength coefficient in MPa
(0,4000]
Default: 900
Remark: See the description of the parameter Fatigue Strength Coefficient in the area Manson-Coffin-Morrow Relation of the data sheet
for material parameters for further information.
EPSE
Syntax
EpsE=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
fatigue ductility coefficient
(0,10]
Default: 0.59
Remark: See the description of the parameter Fatigue Ductility Coefficient in the area-Manson-Coffin-Morrow Relation of the data sheet
for material parameters for further information.
B
Syntax
b=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
fatigue strength exponent
(-1,0]
Default: -0.087
Remark: See the description of the parameter Fatigue Strength Exponent in the area-Manson-Coffin-Morrow Relation of the data sheet
for material parameters for further information.
F-362
C
Syntax
c=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
fatigue ductility exponent
(-4,0]
Default: -0.58
Remark: See the description of the parameter Fatigue Ductility Exponent in the area Manson-Coffin-Morrow Relation of the data sheet
for material parameters for further information.
EMOD
Syntax
Emod=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
Young's modulus
[100,1e7]
Default: 2E+5
Remark: See the description of the parameter Young's Modulus in the
area Ramberg-Osgood Relation of the data sheet for material parameters for further information.
VERFKOEFF
Syntax
VerfKoeff=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
cyclic hardening coefficient
[100, Emod]
Default: 990
Remark: See the description of the parameter Cyclic Hardening Coefficient in the area Ramberg-Osgood Relation of the data sheet for
material parameters for further information.
F-363
NSTRICH
Syntax
nStrich=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
cyclic hardening exponent
(0.03, 0.5)
Default: 0.15
Remark: See the description of the parameter Cyclic Hardening Exponent in the area Ramberg-Osgood Relation of the data sheet for
material parameters for further information.
POISSON
Syntax
Poisson=value
Function:
Default: 0.29
Type
real
Meaning
poisson's ratio
CHI
Syntax
Chi=value
Function:
Default: 5
Type
integer
Meaning
ratchetting parameter
BACKSTRESS
Syntax
BackStress=value
Function:
Default: 5
Type
integer
Meaning
number of backstresses
F-364
LIMITDEFINITION
Syntax
Function:
Meaning
data are given in terms of engineering
stresses (parameters TenStrength and
ComprStrength),
the strains are calculated from the
stresses using the Ramberg-Osgoodrelation
the parameters TensileStrainLimit
and CompressiveStrainLimit are ignored
LimitTypeStrain
data are defined in percent (parameters
TensileStrainLimit and CompressiveStrainLimit),
the stresses are re-calculated using the
Ramberg-Osgood-relation
the parameters TenStrength and
ComprStrength are ignored
LimitTypeEstimate data are estimated from the cyclic failure data
Default: LimitTypeStress
ENDURANCEDEFINITION
Syntax
EnduranceDefinition=EnduranceTypeCycles |
EnduranceTypeStress | EnduranceTypeStrain
Function:
Argument
Meaning
EnduranceTypeCycles the number of cycles (parameter Ne)
is defined by the user
EnduranceTypeStress the stress amplitude (parameter
SigE) is defined by the user
EnduranceTypeStrain the strain amplitude (parameter
EpsE) is defined by the user
Default: EnduranceTypeCycles
F-365
TENSILESTRAINLIMIT
Syntax
TensileStrainLimit=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
tensile strength
COMPRESSIVESTRAINLIMIT
Syntax
BackStress=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
compressive strength
F-366
I
Syntax:
i=name
Function:
Type
Meaning
integer number of solution parameter set
i=1, ..., Lines
name
string name of the i-th solution parameter
set
Remark: There must be as many defined solution parameter sets as the
specified number of rows ( parameter Lines in section [Job]).
DB_I
Syntax:
DB_i=section
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
i
integer number of solution parameter set
section
string
corresponding section in the falancs.ini
Remark: There must be as many section entries as solution parameter
sets.
F-367
Full version
For each task an individual section
[SolParam_1]
[SolParam_2]
.
.
.
[SolPara_m]
where m is the number of the task is given. Each section defines the values for a complete solution parameter data set.
The solution parameter data sets for stress-life and strain-life
are different. See the following for two examples of stress-life
and strain-life parameter sets and the description of the used
parameters.
F-368
DamageAccum = MinerElem
SpotwDiameter = 5
SpotwSNShift = 0.7
SpotwCalcNugget = 1
SurfCorr = 1
SizeCorr = 1
LimitDamSum = 1
LocStressState = PstressCritPlaneMode1
DiffChanLength = Truncate
UnknownVar = Life
ProbOfFail = 50
Life = 1000
LifeDim = Blocks
LoadLevel = 1
DespTol = 0.05
Axis = AxisLoadLevel
AxisType = Automatic
ComppTol = 0.1
CompPoints--c = 0
F-369
NAME
Syntax
Name=name
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
name
string
solution parameter set name
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
DBSECTION
Syntax
DBSection=section
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
section
string
section name in falancs.ini
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
COMMENT
Syntax
Comment=text
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
text
string
comment
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
APPROACH
Syntax
Approach=Approach_Stress | Approach_Strain
Function:
Argument
Meaning
Approach_Stress solution parameter for Stress-life Approach
Approach_Strain solution parameter for Stress-life Approach
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-370
SURFCORR
Syntax
SurfCorr=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
surface correction parameter,
(0, 2]
Default: 1
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach. See the description
of the parameter Surface Correction in the area General of the data
sheet for solution parameters for further information.
SIZECORR
Syntax
SizeCorr=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
size correction parameter,
(0, 3]
Default: 1
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach. See the description
of the parameter Size Correction in the area General of the data sheet
for solution parameters for further information.
LIMITDAMSUM
Syntax
LimitDamSum=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
damage value limit
Default: 1
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach. See the description
of the parameter Limit Damage Sum in the area General of the data
sheet for solution parameters for further information.
F-371
DIFFCHANLENGTH
Syntax
Function:
Specifies the method to use when multiple channels have been selected for a fatigue analysis and
the channels have different lengths.
Argument
Truncate
Fill
Repeat
Meaning
the longer channels are truncated to the length of
the shortest channel
the shorter channels are filled with zeroes, until
it matches the length of the longest history
each history will be repeated until it matches the
length of the longest history
Default: Truncate
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-372
MEANSTRESSCORR
Syntax
MeanStressCorr=Goodman | StressCorrNone |
ThreeSegments | FourSegments | EC3Hes | EC3
| FKM | IIWHEs | IIWdW | IIWkEs | Tor1Seg
| Tor2Seg | Tor3Seg
Function:
Default: StressCorrNone
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Mean Stress Correction in the area Stress-life Approach of
the data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
F-373
M1
Syntax
M1=value
Function:
Specifies a parameter for the mean stress corrrection methods Goodman, ThreeSegments, FourSegments, FKM, Tor1Seg, Tor2Seg and
Tor3Seg (see parameter MeanStressCorr).
Argument
value
Type
real
Meaning
mean stress corrrection parameter,
(0, 1)
Default: 0.3
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only.
M2
Syntax
M2=value
Function:
Specifies a parameter for the mean stress corrrection methods ThreeSegments and FourSegments (see parameter MeanStressCorr).
Argument
value
Type
real
Meaning
mean stress corrrection parameter
Default: 0.3
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only.
M3
Syntax
M3=value
Function:
Specifies a parameter for the mean stress corrrection methods ThreeSegments, FourSegments,
Tor2Seg and Tor3Seg (see parameter MeanStressCorr).
Argument
value
Type
real
Meaning
mean stress corrrection parameter
Default: 0.1
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only.
F-374
R_LIM
Syntax
R_lim=value
Function:
Specifies a parameter for the mean stress corrrection methods FourSegments and Tor3Seg (see
parameter MeanStressCorr).
Argument
value
Type
real
Meaning
mean stress corrrection parameter
Default: 0.15
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Limit R in the area Stress-life Approach of the data sheet for
solution parameters for further information.
DAMAGEACCUM
Syntax
Function:
Argument
Meaning
MinerElem
elementary Miners Rule
MinerOrig
original Miners Rule
HaibMiner
Haibach correction (2k - 1)
LiuMiner
Liu/Zenner
Default: MinerElem
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Damage Accumulation in the area Stress-life Approach of
the data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
F-375
SPOTWDIAMETER
Syntax
SpotwDiameter=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
diameter in the same unit as the
width of the shells
Default: 5
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Diameter of spot welds to be analyzed in the area Spot
welds of the data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
SPOTWSNSHIFT
Syntax
SpotwSNShift=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
shifting factor
Default: 0.7
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Shift of nugget SN- curve against sheet in the area Spot
welds of the data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
F-376
SPOTWCALCNUGGET
Syntax
SpotwCalcNugget=0 | 1
Function:
Meaning
the damage evaluation is only performed
in the sheet at the weld toe and not inside
the nugget leading to less computational
effort
a damage calculation in the nugget is performed, too.
Default: 1
Remark: used in Stress-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Calculate damage in the spot weld nugget too in the area
Spot welds of the data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
LOCSTRESSSTATE
Syntax
LocStressState=PstressCritPlaneMode1 |
PstressCritPlaneMaxTau | PstressSignedVonMises | LocStressSigma1 | LocStressSigma2 |
LocStressSigmaX | LocStressSigmaY | LocStressSigmaXY | PstressSpotWeld | DangVan |
CritplaneMode1 | CritPlaneMaxtau | SignedVonMises
Function:
Specifies the type of critical plane stress parameter to use, or equivalent stress parameter to use
during the FEM analysis or the LTS-Tensor
analysis.
Argument
Corresponding parameter in
solution parameter data sheet
Parameters used in both approaches:
PstressCritPlaneMode1
pseudo stress: crit. Plane, open
mode (I)
PstressCritPlaneMaxTau pseudo stress: crit. Plane, max
shear (II+III)
PstressSignedVonMises
pseudo stress: signed von Mises
LocStressSigma1
pseudo stress: maximum principle;
strain: maximum principle
LocStressSigma2
pseudo stress: intermediate prin-
F-377
ciple,
strain: intermediate principle
LocStressSigmaX
sigma x
LocStressSigmaY
sigma x
LocStressSigmaXY
sigma xy
Parameters used in stress-life approach only:
PstressSpotWeld
pseudo stress: spotweld
DangVan
pseudo stress: Dang Van
Parameters used in strain-life approach only:
CritplaneMode1
strain: crit. Plane, open mode (I)
CritPlaneMaxtau
strain: crit. Plane, max shear (II
+III)
SignedVonMises
strain: signed von Mises
Default: PstressCritPlaneMode1
Remark: See the description of the parameters in the area FEM/LTS:
Local Stress State of the data sheet for solution parameters for further
information.
UNKNOWNVAR
Syntax
UnknownVar=Life| LoadLevel
Function:
Meaning
the value of LoadLevel is defined by the
user and the value of Life is calculated
the value of Life is defined by the user
and the value of LoadLevel is calculated
Default: Life
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
PROBOFFAIL
Syntax
ProbOfFail=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
probability of failure
Default: 50
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-378
LIFE
Syntax
Life=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
life of the design point
Default: 1000
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
LIFEDIM
Syntax
LifeDim=Blocks | Cycles
Function:
Meaning
the life of the design point is given in
terms of blocks
the life of the design point is given in
terms of cycles
Default: Blocks
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
LOADLEVEL
Syntax
Loadlevel=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
multiplier of the load level given in
units of the load after the offset and
factor have been applied
Default: 1
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-379
DESPTOL
Syntax
DespTol=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
tolerance
Default: 0.05
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
AXIS
Syntax
Axis=AxisLoadLevel | AxisLifeDuration
Function:
Meaning
computed points are in terms of multiples
of the design point along the vertical axis
AxisLifeDuration computed points are in terms of multiples
of the design points life
Default: AxisLoadLevel
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-380
AXISTYPE
Syntax
Function:
Specifies the number of computed points (in addition to the design point).
Argument
Automatic
OnePoint
FivePoints
ElevenPoints
Manual
Meaning
10+n points are generated: 10 default
points and n points defined by the parameters CompPoints--c=n and CompPoint-1......CompPoint--n
1 point is generated defined by the parameters CompPoints--c=1 and CompPoint--1
5 points are generated defined by the parameters CompPoints--c=5 and CompPoint--1......CompPoint--5
11 points are generated defined by the parameters CompPoints--c=11 and CompPoint--1......CompPoint--11
n points are generated defined by the parameters CompPoints--c=n and CompPoint--1......CompPoint--n
Default: Automatic
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
COMPPTOL
Syntax
ComppTol=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
tolerance
Default: 0.1
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-381
COMPPOINTS--C
Syntax
CompPoints--c=number
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
number of manual defined computed
points (see parameter AxisType)
Default: 0
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
COMPPOINTS--I
Syntax
CompPoints--i=value
Function:
Type
Meaning
number of computed point,
i=1, ..., CompPoints--c
value
real
value of i-th computed point
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
LNSTRAINREL
Syntax
Function:
Meaning
Neuber's rule
Seeger-Beste formula
equivalent strain energy density
you specify a file that contains the loadnotch strain data in pairs of e~ and strain
(StrainFile)
Default: Neuber
Remark: used in Strain-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Load-notch Strain Curve in the area Strain-life Approach
of the data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
F-382
STRAINFILE
Syntax
StrainFile=path
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
path and name of the input file
Default: 0.15
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
LIMLOADRATIO
Syntax
LimLoadRatio=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
limit load ratio, >1
Default: 2.5
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
DAMAGEPARAM
Syntax
DamageParam=DamPSWTOrig |
DamPSWTLinear | DamPSWTauLinear |
DamPJ | DamPBergmann | DamManCof
Function:
Argument
Meaning
DamPSWTOrig
Smith-Watson-Topper:original
DamPSWTLinear
Smith-Watson-Topper:linear
DamPSWTau
Smith-Watson-Topper Torsion
DamPSWTauLinear Smith-Watson-Topper Torsion linear
DamPJ
Vormwald parameter
DamPBergmann
Bergmann parameter
DamManCof
the basic strain-life parameter
Default: DamPSWTTau
Remark: used in Strain-life Approach only. See the description of the parameter Damage Parameter in the area Strain-life Approach of the
data sheet for solution parameters for further information.
F-383
RESIDUALSTRESS
Syntax
ResidualStress=value
Function:
Type
real
Meaning
residual stress value , >0
Default: 0.0
Remark: used in Strain-life Approach only.
RESIDSTRESSUNIT
Syntax
ResidStressUnit="MPa"
Function:
Argument
Meaning
"MPa"
unit
Default: MPa
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
K_BERGMANN
Syntax
k_Bergmann=value
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
mean stress influence factor
Default: 0
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-384
PWLLINSTART
Syntax
PwlLinStart=value
Function:
Specifies the start point for log-log linear regression (PSWT-Linear, PJ, synthetic stress-life
curve).
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
start point
Default: 1000
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
PWLLINEND
Syntax
PwlLinEnd=value
Function:
Specifies the end point for log-log linear regression (PSWT-Linear, PJ, synthetic stress-life
curve).
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
end point
Default: 2E+5
Remark: used in Stress-life and Strain-life Approach.
F-385
F_DEFAULT
Syntax
F_Default=path
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
path and name of the default file
F_I
Syntax
F_i=name
Function:
Type
integer
name
string
Meaning
Element set number,
i=1, ..., Lines
file name and path
S_I
Syntax
S_i=value
Function:
Type
integer
value
integer
Meaning
Element set number,
i=1, ..., Lines
Index in F_i
F-386
The index entries give the specific position of the element sets
in the files.
F-387
F_DEFAULT
Syntax
F_Default=path
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
path and name of the default file
F_I
Syntax
F_i=name
Function:
Type
integer
name
string
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
file name and path
F-388
S_DEFAULT
Syntax
S_Default=AS | IF | RP | IS | TD
Function:
Argument Meaning
AS
ASCII
IF
FUNKTION (Schenck)
RP
RPC-III (MTS)
IS
STRUKTUR (rainflow matrices)
TD
TDF (LMS HP)
Remark: See the chapter Supported Data Formats in the Appendix: File
Formats for the available data formats.
S_I
Syntax
S_i=AS | IF | RP | IS | TD
Function:
Type
integer
AS
IF
RP
IS
TD
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
ASCII
FUNKTION (Schenck)
RPC-III (MTS)
STRUKTUR (rainflow matrices)
TDF (LMS HP)
C_DEFAULT
Syntax
C_Default=name
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
name of the default channel
F-389
C_I
Syntax
C_i=name
Function:
Type
integer
name
string
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
name of the i-th channel
T_DEFAULT
Syntax
T_Default=LOAD | ELPLAST
Function:
Argument Meaning
LOAD
proportional to load
ELPLAST elastic plastic strain)
Remark: The type of load history should always be given as default
value, since different types can not be combined in one task.
T_I
Syntax
T_i=LOAD | ELPLAST
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
LOAD
proportional to load
ELPLAST
elastic plastic strain)
Remark: The type of load history should always be given as default
value, since different types can not be combined in one task.
Remark: For test schedule definitions, the data system is "TSD", the file
name is the name of the TSD-file and the channel is the one defined in the
TSD-file.
F-390
=
=
=
=
<Name of
<Name of
<Name of
<History
F_2 =
C_2 =
S_2 =
T_2 =
...
F_n =
C_n =
S_n =
T_n =
<Name of
<Name of
<Name of
<History
<Name of
<Name of
<Name of
<History
F-391
FILENAME
Syntax
Filename=name
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
file name and path
S-I
Syntax
S_i=name
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
i
integer
Number of segment
name
string
file name and path
Remark: The S_i entries define the sequence of segments for the defined
job. In the moment only one TSD per job may be defined
F-392
O-I
Syntax
O_i=value
Function:
Type
integer
integer
Meaning
number of channel
offset
F-I
Syntax
F_i=value
Function:
Type
integer
integer
Meaning
number of channel
factor
of
of
of
of
channel
channel
channel
channel
1>
1>
2>
2>
of channel n>
of channel n>
F-393
F_DEFAULT
Syntax
F_Default=path
Function:
Type
string
Meaning
path and name of the default file
L_I
Syntax
L_i=name
Function:
Type
integer
name
string
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
load case
F_I
Syntax
F_i=name
Function:
Type
integer
name
string
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
file name and path
F-394
S_I
Syntax
S_i=name
Function:
Type
integer
Meaning
Channel number,
i=1, ..., Columns
name
integer
index
Remark: The index entries give the specific position of the load cases in
the files.
COUNT
Syntax
Count=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of cases
Remark: The entry Count is not interpreted in the solver. It may be
omitted.
ELEMC
Syntax
ElemC=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of elements
Remark: The entry ElemC may be omitted. If it is missing, the solver has
to parse the FE-files in order to re-compute this number. If it is defined, it
is used for allocation purposes and must be correct
F-395
NODEC
Syntax
NodeC=value
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
value
integer
number of nodes
Remark: The entry NodeC is not interpreted in the solver. It may be
omitted.
DRIVER
Syntax
driver=text
Function:
Argument Type
Meaning
text
string
driver
Remark: The entry Driver is mandatory and must be defined correctly.
F-396
I,J
Syntax
i,j=value
Function:
Type
integer
integer
value
real
Meaning
row number,
i=1, ..., Lines
column number,
j=1, ..., Columns
sigma_e factor
F-397
Le section [Le]
In this section, the Le factor for each row and column in the
Geometry Cell are specified. Only entries different from 1 need
to be given.
I,J
Syntax
i,j=value
Function:
Type
integer
integer
value
real
Meaning
row number,
i=1, ..., Lines
column number,
j=1, ..., Columns
Le factor
F-398
F-399
F-400
F-401
Part 5
F-402
F-403
bin
data
contrib
... ( and other directories for further components )
F-404
F-405
F-406
F-407
Comment lines in the file are those lines that start with a
semi-colon (;).
Remark: You may change most of the options using Configuration
Method Parameters
Remark: Since Version 2.9 of LMS FALANCS many parameters that had to
be changed in the configuration file falancs.ini now are part of the parameter data sets. Those entries are marked in italics in the sequel.
F-408
Overview
In this chapter the entries of the configuration file are grouped
by their main purpose. The subsections of this chapter describe
the following sections of the configuration file:
Parameters directly influencing the fatigue analysis
[Method Parameters]
[FEM Postprocessing]
[Non Proportional FEM]
[Controller_HostTable]
[Jiang]
[FEM-Driver]
[SpotWeld]
F-409
F-410
F-411
=
=
=
=
=
10000
12345
10
10, 45, 90
abs_principles
F-412
FEMWriteDamageToASCII
If set to 1 the damage values are not only written to the result file but additionally a ASCII file is written. The file is
written into the same directory as the FEM-result file and
its name is the same as the result file just the extension is
changed to .txt.
The ASCII list is structured into 8 columns: The first two
are integer values giving the element and the node number.
The contents of the following six columns are listed in the
table below:
3rd column
Result 1
4th column
Result 2
5th column
Result 3
6th column
7th column
8th column
Result 4
The column names cate the output, which has been specified in the list of method parameters. The following names
have been chosen:
Result 1
Result 2
"NDesign/N" or "ElimRunNumber"
Result 3
Sig/SigDesign", "Max.abs.str.",
"Max.str.ampl." or "SafetyFactor"
Result 4
F-413
Converter = <string>
Specifies the program, to converts LMS FALANCS results
into other formats:
Remark: You can configure only one of these tools. If you need more
than one, you should use the command line:
tecware <converter> input-file [output-file] [+log
[logfile]].
ConverterNas = dam2<string>
Specifies the damage file converter dependent on the FE-file
format used. In order to do this, the short name of the format is appended. If you want to specify a conversion to IDEAS files only if Nastran op2-input is used, you can define
ConverterNAS=dam2udm.
This setting ensures, that no conversion is applied if for example I-DEAS unv-files are used as input to LMS FALANCS. Depending on the currently used format, the postprocessor first looks for the corresponding specific converter.
If none is defined it also checks the entry Converter and
uses this one if it is defined. Thus the old settings using
only the keyword Converter can still be used. This procedure is of specific advantage if more than one FE-format is
often used.
The default values of these parameters are listed below.
[FEM postprocessing]
FEMWriteDamageToASCII
FEMOverwriteResults
Converter
ConverterNas
0
0
""
""
F-414
F-415
MaxElementsInTask = <integer>
Specifies the maximum number of elements in one damage
calculation task. The larger this number is the fewer individual damage analysis runs have to be performed. Note
that more elements in a task implies that more memory is
needed.
MinElementsForFilterRuns = <integer>
If the number of elements in an analysis is at or below this
value, then RP filtering is not used during an analysis.
MinSignalLengthForFilter = <integer>
Specifies the minimum signal length to use the RP-filter.
Default values
The default values for these parameters are shown below.
[Non proportional FEM]
UseAbsoluteElimLimit
AbsoluteElimLimit
EliminationSafetyFactor
= 0
= 0.001
= 1.5
MaxMemoryUsage
MaxElementsInTask
MinElementsForFilterRuns
MinSignalLengthForFilter
StrainLifeForAllRuns
=
=
=
=
=
100000
1000
50
1000
1
F-416
NastranCopyBlocks = <block1>,<block2>,...
LMS FALANCS writes a binary OP2-file *.dam (also if the
input is a formatted OP2-file) which has essentially the
same structure as the stress-input-file. As default, PATRAN-Output (PARAM POST -1) is assumed, i.e. the blocks
GEOM1(S),GEOM2(S) are copied from the input file and the
modified block OES1(X) (which now contains the damage
data) is written. In the case of a different OP2-format like
the one used for IDEAS (PARAM POST -2) or MEDINA the
F-417
nodes 1,2,3,4
nodes 5,6,7,8
nodes 1,2,6,5
nodes 4,3,7,8
nodes 1,5,8,4
nodes 2,6,7,3
F-418
f =
myunit
mm
F-419
Database configuration
In the sections [DB:<type>], the location of the databases for
SN-curves, material properties, method parameters and solution parameters are specified, and can be modified by the user.
For each of these databases, the database format and the name
of the directory are to be specified. A display name can be defined. See the paragraph Syntax of Database Definition for a
detailed description.
;;---------------------------------------------------; Database for SN curve parameters
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:SNCurve]
Default = SNCDefault
Default.Display = Default SN Curves
Examples = SNCExamples
Examples.Display = Example SN Curves
WeldConnections=SNCWeld
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:SNCDefault]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\snc"
Editable = true
[pdb:SNCExamples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\snc"
Editable = false
[pdb:SNCWeld]
Format = "CFG"
Path
= "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\welding\snc"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for material parameters
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:Material]
Default = Material_Default
Examples = Material_Examples
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:Material_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\mat"
Editable = true
[pdb:Material_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
F-420
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\mat"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for solution parameter stress-life approach
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:SolpStress]
Default = SolpStress_Default
Examples = SolpStress_Examples
WeldConnections=SolpStress_Weld
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:SolpStress_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\sp_stress"
Editable = true
[pdb:SolpStress_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\sp_stress"
Editable = false
[pdb:SolpStress_Weld]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\welding\sp_stress"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for solution parameter strain-life approach
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:SolpStrain]
Default = SolpStrain_Default
Examples = SolpStrain_Examples
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:SolpStrain_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\sp_strain"
Editable = true
[pdb:SolpStrain_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\sp_strain"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for method parameters
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:MethodParam]
Default = MethodParam_Default
Examples = MethodParam_Examples
WeldConnections=MethodParam_Weld
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:MethodParam_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\mparam"
Editable = true
[pdb:MethodParam_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\mparam"
Editable = false
[pdb:MethodParam_Weld]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\welding\mparam"
Editable = false
F-421
F-422
For each of the methods, the path name, file name and extension, and the object name can be defined by variable entries
(<variable>) or by logical name(<logical>). The default object
name is the channel name used in the analysis.
PathName
FileName
FileExt
ObjectName
=
=
=
=
%T
%j
%t
%k
%d
%e
%p
temporary directory
job name
task name
default channel name
default file name
default extension
original path of FE file
<variable> or <logical>
<variable> or <logical>
<variable> or <logical>
<variable> or <logical>
The variables are combinations of these elements:
%nT
%nO
%nD
%nR
F-423
The path notation for the task directory depends on the operating system, described below:
UNIX
%T/%j/%t
Examples
This procedure is most easily understood by some examples,
where we assume the following settings
HOME = /users/falancs_user Environment-Variable or Logical
EXAMPLES = /usr/examp
Environment-Variable or Logical
[Data Directories]
DATA_TEST = /usr/tests
Temporary Directory: /tmp/fv0A0001
Channel
$EXAMPLES/time/demo.ez4
K_1
K_2
K_3
Ch1
Ch2
RAD1
RAD2
-
$EXAMPLES/time/test.erg
$EXAMPLES/demo/demo_if.e1
$EXAMPLES/demo/demo.op2
F-424
=
=
=
=
%T
rpf
erg
chan_%nO
chan_1
chan_2
...
chan_7
FE-output files:
/usr/examp/fe_results/demo.dam
/usr/examp/fe_results/demo.txt
/usr/examp/fe_results/demo.fal
/usr/examp/fe_results/test.log
F-425
Output files:
/usr/tests/Job1/gwsout.fol
/usr/tests/Job2/gwsout.fol
/usr/tests/Job3/gwsout.fol
the directories
/users/falancs_user/Job1_Task1
/users/falancs_user/Job1_Task2
Format
INI-Section
Description
TMDFolder
FalMain
Folder containing the GWS-information
F-426
Name
resultf.fol
resspec.fol
dammat.erm
rfmat.erm
damcoll.asc
pncurve.asc
Lnotch.asc
pcoll.asc
rcoll.asc
rcollw.asc
lifecrv.asc
fseforw.buf
fsebackw.buf
fsesect.buf
damchan.erg
sfdetgws.fol
sfdetset.tsi
rfproj0.fol
rfproj1.fol
Format
INI-Section
Description
TMDFolder
FalMain
Folder containing the result specification
TMDFolder
FalMain
Folder containing the results to view
TS-Struktur
DamageCalc
Damage matrix
TS-Struktur
DamageCalc
Rainflow matrix
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
Damage histogram for History reduction
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
P-life curve
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
Load-notch curve
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
P-histogram for weighted results
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
Load amplitude histogram
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
Weighted load amplitude histogram
TS-ASCII
DamageCalc
life curve
Internal binary
DamageCalc
Used for history reduction
Internal binary
DamageCalc
Used for history reduction
Internal binary
HistReduct
Used for history reduction
TS-Funktion
FalMain
Damage channels
TMDFolder
Controller
Folder containing the elements sets from
the surface detection module
Element Set File SurfaceDetect
Element sets from the surface detection
TMDFolder
Controller
Folder containing the directions for the
RP-filter runs
TMDFolder
Controller
F-427
Name
Format
INI-Section
Description
Internal folder
rfprange.fol TMDFolder
Controller
Folder containing information about the
range and the length of the applied loads
rpdirec.
Internal binary
Controller
rpfosp%nr.fol TMDFolder
Controller
Folder containing the output-specification
for the RP-filter runs
rpf%nr.erg
TS-Funktion
RPFilter
Filtered time series
npdamage.buf Internal binary
DamageCalc
Default values
The default values for these entries are shown below.
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for LMS FALANCS main program
;----------------------------------------------------[FalMain_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for damage calculation
;----------------------------------------------------[DamageCalc_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j/%t
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for history reduction
;----------------------------------------------------[HistReduct_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for controller
;----------------------------------------------------[Controller_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j
FileName
= %d
F-428
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for surface detection
;----------------------------------------------------[SurfaceDetect_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for rainflow projector
;----------------------------------------------------[RFProjector_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for RP filtering
;----------------------------------------------------[RPFilter_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for FEM postprocessor
;----------------------------------------------------[PostProc_Output_Name]
PathName
= %p
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for LTS
;----------------------------------------------------[LTS_Output_Name]
PathName
= %T/%j/%t
FileName
= %d
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
;----------------------------------------------------; Parameters for Hotspot output
;----------------------------------------------------[Hot_Spot_Output_Name]
PathName
= %p
FileName
= %d_HS
FileExt
= %e
ObjectName
= %k
F-429
F-430
= "XXX"
Where XXX has to be chosen from the FEM result file pattern
list.
Remark: The result files are written in the same format as they are read.
Hence there is no entry DefaultFEMWrite available.
= "XXX"
= "XXX"
= "ANS"
= "FOL"
= "FOL"
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
"GWS-Folder
"GWS-Folder
"GWS-Folder
"GWS-Folder
"ANSYS"
"NASTRAN"
"I-DEAS"
(Binary)"
(ASCII)"
(ASCII full)"
(ASCII ref.)"
NameMEC
NameABA
NameCAT
NameHYM
NameTSI
NameBDF
NamePCH
NameTSD
NameASC
NameINP
NameLOG
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
"Pro/MECHANICA"
"ABAQUS"
"CATIA"
"Hypermesh"
"ELEMENT SETS"
"BULK DATA (NASTRAN)"
"PUNCH FILE (NASTRAN)"
"Test Schedule Definition"
"Text file"
"Abaqus Input"
"Logfile"
PatternFOL
PatternFAL
PatternFAF
PatternFAR
PatternANS
PatternNAS
PatternIDE
PatternMEC
PatternABA
PatternCAT
PatternHYM
PatternTSI
PatternBDF
PatternPCH
PatternTSD
PatternASC
PatternINP
PatternLOG
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
"*.fol"
"*.fal"
"*.fal"
"*.fal"
"*.rst"
"*.op2"
"*.u*"
"*.neu"
"*.fil"
"*.tmp"
"*.res"
"*.tsi"
"*.bdf"
"*.pch"
"*.tsd"
"*"
"*.inp"
"*.log"
DefaultExtensionFOL
DefaultExtensionFAL
DefaultExtensionFAF
DefaultExtensionFAR
DefaultExtensionANS
DefaultExtensionNAS
DefaultExtensionIDE
DefaultExtensionMEC
DefaultExtensionABA
DefaultExtensionCAT
DefaultExtensionHYM
DefaultExtensionTSI
DefaultExtensionBDF
DefaultExtensionPCH
DefaultExtensionTSD
DefaultExtensionASC
DefaultExtensionINP
DefaultExtensionLOG
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
"fol"
"fal"
"fal"
"fal"
""
"dam"
"udm"
"s00"
"fdm"
"dmp"
"res"
"tsi"
"bdf"
"pch"
"tsd"
"dat
"inp
"log
F-431
F-432
translation
Colour
color
Turquoise
turquoise
Woehlerlinie
Achse
axis
Kurvenbereich
Hintergrund
keyword
translation
Textfarbe
text color
Text-Legende
text legend
Linie
line
Lebensdauerpunkt
Spannenkollektiv
Lebenlinie
life curve
Fliesskurve
Gitter
grid
berschrift
heading
F-433
Language
Language = <language>
Woehlerlinie_1
dark_green"
dark_grey
light_grey
dark_red
dark_green
dark_blue
dark_yellow
dark_violet
F-434
turquoise
dark_turqouise.
X-axis
Y-Achse
Y-axis
Linie
separate_Linie
separate_Woehlerl
Material_i
Fliesskurve_i
Spannenkollektiv_i
separates_Spannenk
Lebenlinie_i
separate_Lebenlinie
Line width
lwi= <string>
The line width of line number i is specified by a string composed of three sections:
attribute to change
name of curve
line width in point.
F-435
Woehlerlinie_4
3.0"
The line type of line number i is specified by a string composed of three sections:
attribute to change
name of curve
line type.
For example, the parameter
lt1 = "linetype
Woehlerlinie_1
solid"
Dotted
Dashdotted
Kurvenbereich
white"
sets the area fill color for the plot diagram background
(Kurvenbereich) to white. In addition to the plot diagram
background, the plot border and legend background color
can be changed by specifying Hintergrund instead of Kurvenbereich.
F-436
Text attributes
ti
= <string>
Text-Legende
black"
Marker Size
s1 = <text>
= "markersize
Lebensdauerpunkt
1.5"
Gitter
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
X-Achse
light_grey"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
lc6 = "linecolour
;
lt0 = "linetype
lt1 = "linetype
lt2 = "linetype
lt3 = "linetype
lt4 = "linetype
;
lw1 = "linewidth
lw2 = "linewidth
lw3 = "linewidth
lw4 = "linewidth
;
f1 = "fillareacolour
f2 = "fillareacolour
;
t1 = "textcolour
t2 = "textcolour
;
[ERGEBATTR]
;
language = "english"
;
lc0 = "linecolour
lc1 = "linecolour
lc2 = "linecolour
lc3 = "linecolour
lc4 = "linecolour
lc5 = "linecolour
lc6 = "linecolour
lc7 = "linecolour
lc8 = "linecolour
lc9 = "linecolour
lc10 = "linecolour
lc11 = "linecolour
lc12 = "linecolour
;
lt0 = "linetype
lt1 = "linetype
lt2 = "linetype
lt3 = "linetype
lt4 = "linetype
lt5 = "linetype
lt6 = "linetype
lt7 = "linetype
lt8 = "linetype
lt9 = "linetype
lt10 = "linetype
;
lw1 = "linewidth
lw2 = "linewidth
lw3 = "linewidth
lw4 = "linewidth
lw5 = "linewidth
F-437
Y-Achse
black"
Gitter
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
2"
2"
2"
2"
Kurvenbereich
Hintergrund
white"
white"
Text-Legende
Ueberschrift
black"
black"
Gitter
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
separate_Woehlerl
Linie_1
Linie_2
Linie_3
Linie_4
separate_Linie
X-Achse
Y-Achse
light_grey"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
red"
black"
black
Gitter
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
separate_Woehlerl
Linie_1
Linie_2
Linie_3
Linie_4
separate_Linie
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
solid"
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
separate_Woehlerl
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
F-438
lw6 = "linewidth
lw7 = "linewidth
lw8 = "linewidth
lw9 = "linewidth
lw10 = "linewidth
;
s1 = "markersize
;
f1 = "fillareacolour
f2 = "fillareacolour
;
t1 = "textcolour
t2 = "textcolour
;
[MATERIALATTR]
;
language = "english"
;
lc0 = "linecolour
lc1 = "linecolour
lc2 = "linecolour
lc3 = "linecolour
lc4 = "linecolour
lc5 = "linecolour
lc6 = "linecolour
;
lt0 = "linetype
lt1 = "linetype
lt2 = "linetype
lt3 = "linetype
lt4 = "linetype
;
lw1 = "linewidth
lw2 = "linewidth
lw3 = "linewidth
lw4 = "linewidth
;
f1 = "fillareacolour
f2 = "fillareacolour
;
t1 = "textcolour
t2 = "textcolour
;
[ERGMATATTR]
;
language = "english"
;
lc0 = "linecolour
lc1 = "linecolour
lc2 = "linecolour
lc3 = "linecolour
lc4 = "linecolour
lc5 = "linecolour
lc6 = "linecolour
Linie_1
Linie_2
Linie_3
Linie_4
separate_Linie
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
Lebensdauerpunkt
1.2"
Kurvenbereich
Hintergrund
white"
white"
Text-Legende
Ueberschrift
black"
black"
Gitter
Material_1
Material_2
Material_3
Material_4
X-Achse
Y-Achse
light_grey"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
black"
Gitter
Material_1
Material_2
Material_3
Material_4
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
Material_1
Material_2
Material_3
Material_4
2"
2"
2"
2"
Kurvenbereich
Hintergrund
white"
white"
Text-Legende
Ueberschrift
black"
black"
Gitter
Spannenkollektiv_1
Spannenkollektiv_2
Spannenkollektiv_3
Spannenkollektiv_4
separates_Spannenk
Lebenlinie_1
light_grey"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
red"
lc7 = "linecolour
lc8 = "linecolour
lc9 = "linecolour
lc10 = "linecolour
lc11 = "linecolour
lc12 = "linecolour
lc13 = "linecolour
lc14 = "linecolour
lc15 = "linecolour
lc16 = "linecolour
lc17 = "linecolour
;
lt0 = "linetype
lt1 = "linetype
lt2 = "linetype
lt3 = "linetype
lt4 = "linetype
lt5 = "linetype
lt6 = "linetype
lt7 = "linetype
lt8 = "linetype
lt9 = "linetype
lt10 = "linetype
lt11 = "linetype
lt12 = "linetype
lt13 = "linetype
lt14 = "linetype
lt15 = "linetype
;
lw1 = "linewidth
lw2 = "linewidth
lw3 = "linewidth
lw4 = "linewidth
lw5 = "linewidth
lw6 = "linewidth
lw7 = "linewidth
lw8 = "linewidth
lw9 = "linewidth
lw10 = "linewidth
lw11 = "linewidth
lw12 = "linewidth
lw13 = "linewidth
lw14 = "linewidth
lw15 = "linewidth
;
s1 = "markersize
s2 = "markersize
s3 = "markersize
s4 = "markersize
s5 = "markersize
;
f1 = "fillareacolour
f2 = "fillareacolour
;
F-439
Lebenlinie_2
Lebenlinie_3
Lebenlinie_4
separate_Lebenlinie
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
separate_Woehlerl
X-Achse
Y-Achse
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
red"
black"
black"
Gitter
Spannenkollektiv_1
Spannenkollektiv_2
Spannenkollektiv_3
Spannenkollektiv_4
separates_Spannenk
Lebenlinie_1
Lebenlinie_2
Lebenlinie_3
Lebenlinie_4
separate_Lebenlinie
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
separate_Woehlerl
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
solid"
Spannenkollektiv_1
Spannenkollektiv_2
Spannenkollektiv_3
Spannenkollektiv_4
separates_Spannenk
Lebenlinie_1
Lebenlinie_2
Lebenlinie_3
Lebenlinie_4
separate_Lebenlinie
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
separate_Woehlerl
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
1"
1"
1"
1"
1"
Lebensdauerpunkt
Lebenlinie_1
Lebenlinie_2
Lebenlinie_3
Lebenlinie_4
2.0"
1.2"
1.2"
1.2"
1.2"
Kurvenbereich
Hintergrund
white"
white"
F-440
t1 = "textcolour
t2 = "textcolour
;
[PWOEHLATTR]
;
language = "english"
;
lc0 = "linecolour
lc1 = "linecolour
lc2 = "linecolour
lc3 = "linecolour
lc4 = "linecolour
lc5 = "linecolour
lc6 = "linecolour
;
lt0 = "linetype
lt1 = "linetype
lt2 = "linetype
lt3 = "linetype
lt4 = "linetype
;
lw1 = "linewidth
lw2 = "linewidth
lw3 = "linewidth
lw4 = "linewidth
;
f1 = "fillareacolour
f2 = "fillareacolour
;
t1 = "textcolour
t2 = "textcolour
;
[FLIESSATTR]
;
language = "english"
;
lc0 = "linecolour
lc1 = "linecolour
lc2 = "linecolour
lc3 = "linecolour
lc4 = "linecolour
lc5 = "linecolour
lc6 = "linecolour
;
lt0 = "linetype
lt1 = "linetype
lt2 = "linetype
lt3 = "linetype
lt4 = "linetype
;
lw1 = "linewidth
lw2 = "linewidth
lw3 = "linewidth
lw4 = "linewidth
Text-Legende
Ueberschrift
black"
black"
Gitter
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
X-Achse
Y-Achse
light_grey"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
black"
Gitter
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
solid"
solid"
ddashed"
dotted"
solid"
Woehlerlinie_1
Woehlerlinie_2 2"
Woehlerlinie_3
Woehlerlinie_4
2"
Kurvenbereich
Hintergrund
white"
white"
Text-Legende
Ueberschrift
black"
black"
Gitter
Fliesskurve_1
Fliesskurve_2
Fliesskurve_3
Fliesskurve_4
X-Achse
Y-Achse
light_grey"
red"
dark_green"
blue"
dark_violet"
black"
black""
Gitter
Fliesskurve_1
Fliesskurve_2
Fliesskurve_3
Fliesskurve_4
solid"
solid"
dashed"
dotted"
solid"
Fliesskurve_1
Fliesskurve_2
Fliesskurve_3
Fliesskurve_4
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
2"
;
f1
f2
;
t1
t2
;
= "fillareacolour Kurvenbereich
= "fillareacolour Hintergrund
white"
white"
= "textcolour
= "textcolour
black"
black"
Text-Legende
Ueberschrift
F-441
to be
1"
2"
3"
4"
8"
5"
7"
6"
9"
10"
11"
12"
16"
13"
15"
14"
F-442
red"
black"
black""
solid"
1"
white"
white"
F-443
<number>
F-444
You can queue batch jobs directly after defining the jobs in the
Geometry Work Sheet. In this section the command that
queues the job is given:
GWSBatchProgram = <command>
F-445
RainView
F-446
F-447
LMS FALANCS
In this directory the results of nonFEM analysis runs are stored if there
are no other settings in the result
specification parts of the file falancs.ini. See the paragraph
Settings Specific to FALANCS: falancs.ini for details.
[PrintConfiguration]
Orientation All printouts of graphics in LMS
FALANCS should be done in landscape orientation because the layout
of the printouts is done in this format.
[Debugging]
DebugLevel
DebugLevel = A,-D,+200-499
denotes all messages excluding debugging hints but including all messages of LMS FALANCS fatigue
methods
250-299 FALANCS main program
300-349 FALANCS fatigue methods
350-399 FALANCS FEM-interfaces
400-449 FALANCS <unused>
450-499 FALANCS API (FCI)
F-448
Shell Scripts
F-449
Shell Scripts
This chapter describes the shell scripts which are available
when working with LMS FALANCS.
If you run the script without parameters a list of valid application codes is printed to the screen. Note that usually not all of
these tools are installed since they have to be purchased and
licensed on their own.
The most important applications here are
falancs
The interactive version of LMS FALANCS easily is started
by
tecware falancs +log <log-file>
F-450
falgws2i
Generate batch-files by converting binary Geometry Work
Sheet folders by starting the tecware script:
tecware falgws2i <folder> <batch-file>
See section Start from the Geometry Work Sheet for more
information.
terminal
You can open an xterm where all the tecware related settings are already done. Hence one can start applications directly. This is only for the experienced user.
tecware terminal
Shell Scripts
F-451
The default value for <log-file> is nolog that means all logging
information is lost (i.e. is sent to /dev/null on UNIX systems).
parameter in the
[Debugging]
Method
Information
F-452
Level
Method
Information
311
Cntr
312
Cntr
317
Cntr
317
RFProj
318
RFProj
313
Dam
303
Dam
317
317
Dam
Dam
318
Dam
307
Dam
317
Dam
Shell Scripts
F-453
Level
Method
Information
316
313
Dam
Dam
313
Dam
311
Dam
F-454
elem2tsi
converts ASCII element sets (e.g. produced by the PRELEM
command in ANSYS) to element set files that can be used
by LMS FALANCS. The ASCII element files have to include
one element number per line. After the element number a
comment can be input if separated by at least one space.
See the chapter The ASCII Data Format For Element Sets
for a description of the ASCII format of element sets.
ts2inp
converts load histories readable by LMS FALANCS to .inp
files needed as input for ABAQUS.
fil2tsub
converts the contribution factors from a ABAQUSresult file
(*.fil)to time series in the Universal Binary format.
ans2tsub
converts ANSYS modal contribution factors time histories to
Universal Binary files.
dam2bof
converts LMS FALANCS result files (*.dam)to MEDINA
Format (available only on UNIX).
pch2tsi
converts a resulting punch file (*.pch) written by a NASTRAN modal transient analysis to a LMS FALANCS readable "load history file" containing the modal participation
factors. The channels will get named MODE1, MODE2, up
to the maximal calculated mode MODEn.
Shell Scripts
F-455
ts2bdf
converts load histories readable by LMS FALANCS to .bdf
files needed as input for NASTRAN modal transient analysis.
unv2tsi
reads groups from I-DEAS universal files and converts them
to element set files that can be used by LMS FALANCS.
pch2tsif
converts the punch files produced by NASTRAN modal
transient analysis to the FUNKTION format accessible for
LMS FALANCS analysis.
Remark: These scripts are also accessible via the menu Tools of LMS FALANCS.
F-456
F-457
Part 6
ReferenceInterfaces to Finite
Element Tools
In this part, the available interfaces to finite element results
are described.
F-458
F-459
F-460
NASTRAN
F-461
NASTRAN
In the following paragraphs information on the interface to
NASTRAN is given.
F-462
to the falancs.ini file. The factor 2 is essential, since NASTRAN internally assumes 64-Bit words.
Remark: it may be possible that the buffer problem does not occur when
loading the file (File menu) but when starting the fatigue calculation
(Stress/Strain-life Approach menus).
Sample-Load deck
ASSIGN OUTPUT2 = 'file.op2', UNIT = 12
.
.
SOL 101
.
.
CEND
.
.
STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES)=...
/* center stresses for shells */
or
STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=... /* element-nodal
stresses for shells */
.
.
BEGIN BULK
PARAM
POST
-1
/* Patran */
PARAM
PATVER 3.
or
PARAM
POST
-2
/* I-DEAS */
NASTRAN
F-463
or MEDINA, the data blocks which should be copied can be explicitly defined in falancs.ini by
[FEM-Driver]
NastranCopyBlocks=block1,block2,...
The default is
NastranCopyBlocks = "CSTM,GPL,GPDT,GEOM1,GEOM2"
F-464
Solids:
SX
SY
SZ
SXY
SYZ
SXZ
von Mises
Result 1
Result 3
0 (not used)
Result 2
0 (not used)
Result 4
equals SX
Shells Layer Z1
SX
SY
SXY
von Mises
Result 1 of Z1
Result 1 of Z1 or Result 1 of Z2
(the one with the higher damage)
Result 2
equals SY
Shells Layer Z2
SX
SY
SXY
von Mises
Result 1 of Z2
Result 4
Result 3
equals SY of Z1
NASTRAN
F-465
Fig. 119:
F-466
Fig. 120:
NASTRAN
F-467
Fig. 121:
PATRAN:by groups
Fig. 122:
F-468
Fig. 123:
NASTRAN
F-469
Fig. 124:
F-470
About
Shows some information about the tool.
Quit
Deletes the LMS Durability tool-menu from the PATRAN
main menu.
NASTRAN
F-471
F-472
NASTRAN
F-473
f =
myunit
mm
The damage results for the spot welds are not only written to
the CBAR / CBEAM / CHEXA elements but also to the connected shell elements such that a better visualization is
achieved.
F-474
ANSYS
F-475
ANSYS
In the following paragraphs information on the interface to
ANSYS is given.
F-476
Remark: Fatigue analysis results are written into the first load case of the
selected FE load file. Any results currently in this portion of the file will be
over-written, so users should use a dummy load case as the first load case.
ANSYS
F-477
f =
myunit
mm
The damage results for the spot welds are not only written to
the beam elements but also to the connected shell elements
such that a better visualization is achieved.
F-478
Fig. 126
ANSYS Toolbar
FALANCS
This button will start LMS FALANCS.
Remark: LMS FALANCS is started from the same directory that ANSYS was
started from. Hence if your FEM result files reside in that directory, you have
immediate access to them by the file selection windows.
ANSYS
F-479
S_TO_SDS
This button will display Result 3, which might be the ration
of the stress to the design stress (corresponding to the design life set in the solution parameters).
DAM_MAX
This button will display Result 1, which might be the
maximum damage of the top and bottom of shell elements.
DAM_TOP
This button will display Result 1 at top, which might be the
damage on the top of the shell elements.
DAM_BOT
This button will display Result 1 at bottom, which might be
the damage on the bottom of the shell elements.
F-480
I-DEAS
F-481
I-DEAS
In the following paragraphs information on the interface to IDEAS is given.
F-482
Limitations
In the stress result block the data must have the format:
Model Type
Analysis Type
Data Characteristic
Specific Data Type
Data Type
=
=
=
=
=
1
1
4
2
2
(Structural)
(Static)
(Symmetric global Tensor)
(Stress)
(Single precision floating point)
I-DEAS
F-483
LMS FALANCS writes 4 results, which are simply named Result 1, Result 2, Result 3 and Result 4. To each of these
items, the user can assign one of the following results:
z Result 1: Miner sum, 1/number of blocks or number of
blocks
z Result 2: N_Design/N or elimination run number
z Result 3: Sigma/Sigma_design, max. absolute stress, max.
stress amplitude or safety factor
z Result 4: RF-Norm, task number or hot spot number
This is done in the sheet "FEM results" of the window "Method
parameters". In order to interpret the results during post processing, it is necessary to define a table, which gives the relation
between the result items 1, 2, 3 and 4 and their physical storage in the FE-file. Result data are written as unknown symmetric Tensor, where we have
SX
SY
SZ
SXY
SYZ
SXZ
F-484
f =
myunit
mm
The damage results for the spot welds are not only written to
the beam elements but also to the connected shell elements
such that a better visualization is achieved.
I-DEAS
F-485
F-486
Pro/MECHANICA
F-487
Pro/MECHANICA
In the following paragraphs information on the interface to
Pro/MECHANICA is given.
F-488
Limitations
Damage is calculated at h-nodes.
Surface detection acts on p-elements.
Since distinct Pro/MECHANICA runs may operate on different
h-nodes you have to specify the same h-mesh for different load
cases if you want to combine the results in a single LMS FALANCS fatigue analysis.
Pro/MECHANICA
F-489
SX
N design
N
being written
into the file, the filter run number when the node was eliminated is written into
the file for display on the finite element mesh.
This parameter is useful for displaying at which filter width level nodes have
been eliminated from fatigue analysis for a finite element mesh (If not
checked, then
mesh.)
N design
N
F-490
ABAQUS
F-491
ABAQUS
In the following paragraphs information on the interface to ABAQUS is given.
F-492
is necessary to write the stresses to the .fil file. LMS FALANCS needs these stresses to perform a durability analysis.
The position may be one of NODES, CENTROIDAL or INTEGRATION POINTS:
If spot welds shall be analyzed you need something like the
following:
*EL FILE , POSITION=NODES, ELSET=WELDNGET
SF
S
*EL FILE , POSITION=NODES, ELSET=WELDROOT
S
STH
In the element set WELDNGET put the beams that model the
spot welds. Here the forces (SF) and the stresses(S) need to be
written.
For the shells that are connected to the spot welds (assumed to
be put in the elements set WELDROOT) the shell thickness
(STH) is needed.
ABAQUS
F-493
Shells Layer 1
SX
SY
SXY
Result 1
Result 1 at L1 or L2 (the one with the
higher damage)
Result 2
F-494
Remark: If I-DEAS is used to visualize the results, the results of layer 1 are
written to the top layer.
Shells Layer 2
SX
SY
SXY
Result 1
Result 4
Result 3
Remark: If I-DEAS is used to visualize the results, the results of layer 2 are
written to the bottom layer.
ABAQUS
F-495
f =
myunit
mm
The damage results for the spot welds are not only written to
the B31 elements but also to the connected shell elements such
that a better visualization is achieved.
F-496
CAT/FALANCS
F-497
CAT/FALANCS
In the following paragraphs information on the interface to
CATIA is given.
F-498
The stress results are written into special files that may be
read by a separate FALANCS run later on. This FALANCS
process may as well be run on a different computer or even a
different platform. The results produced in this fatigue analysis may then be read into CATIA again and visualized using
ANVISU.
CAT/FALANCS
F-499
Fig. 131:
The window contains the areas load cases and general selections and the button Start FALANCS.
Load cases
Write Stresses
Transfers all available stress results from CATIA to LMS
FALANCS. If LMS FALANCS is running it gets informed
and it is set to a state as if the files would have been loaded
manually. The results are written into an intermediate file.
The name of the file may be chosen individually in the adjacent text field. If FALANCS is started after the intermediate file has been written this file is preloaded in LMS FALANCS.
Read Damage
After a fatigue analysis has been conducted the results may
be displayed within CATIA. By pressing this button the results are read into the CATIA database and the "Max Damage" plot is displayed.
F-500
General Selections
Write as set
General selection generated by the ANMANAGE-tool are
written into an element set file and preloaded in LMS FALANCS. The element sets have the same names as the general selections.
Read from set
General selections are created from FALANCS element set
files.
Create by property
General selections are created by different element properties. Keep in mind that the general selections are transferred to FALANCS after pressing the Write as set button.
Create by material
General selections are created by different element materials. Keep in mind that the general selections are transferred
to FALANCS after pressing the Write as set button.
Button
Start FALANCS
Starts a FALANCS process on the same computer and establishes a process communication with this process. This is
necessary if you want to use CAT/FALANCS interactively
to perform a fatigue analysis.
CAT/FALANCS
F-501
Viewing Results
LMS FALANCS writes 4 results, which are simply named Result 1, Result 2, Result 3 and Result 4. To each of these
items, the user can assign one of the following results:
z Result 1: Miner sum, 1/number of blocks or number of
blocks
z Result 2: N_Design/N or elimination run number
z Result 3: Sigma/Sigma_design, max. absolute stress, max.
stress amplitude or safety factor
z Result 4: RF-Norm, task number or hot spot number
This is done in the panel FEM results of the data sheet
"Method parameters". In order to interpret the results during
post processing, it is necessary to define a table, which gives
the relation between the result items 1, 2, 3 and 4 and their
physical storage in the FE-file:
DAMMAX = Result 1 at top or bottom (the one with the higher
damage)
RELLIF = Result 2
RELSIG = Result 3
DAMTOP = Result 1 at top
DAMBOT = Result 1 at bottom
RFNORM = Result 4
By applying the button Read Damage all damage results are
read into the CATIA database and may be displayed. The damage plot is displayed automatically.
F-502
Fig. 132:
CAT/FALANCS
F-503
F-504
Databases
F-505
Part 7
Databases
This part contains detailed information on the database handling in LMS FALANCS.
F-506
F-507
F-508
F-509
F-510
Fig. 133:
That is because the new settings are saved in the falancs.ini, but the directory is not yet created. When prompting the question with
z Yes the directory will be generated and the new database is
available in the database selection window
z No nothing is created and the new database is not available
in the database selection window. When opening next time
the database selection window in the current LMS FALANCS session, the two messages will not appear.
This occurs as often as you open the first time in a LMS FALANCS session a database selection windows for that a new database is defined.
F-511
used file
-local
-custom
-global
<path and file>
Fig. 134:
Error message when starting the DCT stand alone without parameter
F-512
The user may edit all editable databases and define new databases. After closing the DCT the changes are saved in the file
specified by the starting parameter.
F-513
Fig. 135:
F-514
F-515
Name
The edit text displays the name of an already existing and
in the List box selected database.
The user may
edit the text for changing the name of the database when
pressing Modify
enter a text to define a new database when pressing
New Entry.
See the paragraph Syntax of Database Definition for further information on the corresponding entry in the falancs.ini.
Path
The edit text displays the path to the content file
pdb_dir.pdc of an already existing and in the List box
selected database.
The user may
edit the text to change the path of the database when
pressing Modify
enter a new text to define the path for a new database
when pressing New Entry.
If General All is selected the entered path is used as general path for the save directory. The subdirectories of the
different database types are generated automatically.
See the paragraph Syntax of Database Definition for further information on the corresponding entry in the falancs.ini.
Editable?
The radio buttons indicate whether a database is editable or
not.
The user may
change the setting for an already existing and in the List
box selected database when pressing Modify
set the edit flag for a new database when pressing New
Entry.
F-516
See the paragraph Syntax of Database Definition for further information on the corresponding entry in the falancs.ini.
New Entry
A new database is created corresponding to the type definition in the Selection Area and the settings in the fields
Name, Path and Editable?.
If the entered path leads to an empty or not yet existing directory, the DCT asks , if a new one should be created.
If the radio button All is selected, the specified name and
path are used for defining a directory where the subdirectories for the different databases are created automatically.
Modify
The parameters of the currently selected database entry are
changed corresponding to the settings in the fields Name,
Path and Editable?.
Remark: Database entries marked by "+" can not be changed!
Delete
The currently selected database is deleted.
Remark: Database entries marked by "+" can not be deleted!
Clear
The fields Name, Path and Editable? are cleared.
OK
If the DCT was started
from LMS FALANCS the changes of the user defined databases are written into the users personal configuration
file.
as stand-alone program the changes are saved in the file
specified by the starting parameter.
Cancel
The DCT is closed without saving the changes.
Help
The online help to the DCT appears.
F-517
F-518
Section [DB:<type>]
[DB:SNCurve]
[DB:Material]
[DB:SolpStrain]
[DB:SolpStress]
[DB:MethodParam]
Approach
Stress only
Strain only
Strain only
Stress only
Stress and
Strain
Database Sections
A database section [DB:<type>] may contain several database
definitions. If the section remains empty, no database of the
corresponding type is defined. A database section has the
structure:
<name>=xxxx
<name>.Display=<display-name>
where
<name> is the internal name of a database.
xxxx refers to the parameter definition section [PDB:xxxx] of
the database <name>.
<display-name> is the text used in the option menus for database selection and for listing databases in the DCT.
If the entry <name>.Display=<display-name> is missing,
the internal name <name> is used for listings.
When configuring a database with the DCT the parameter
<name> and xxxx are defined automatically. As <displayname> the name specified in the field Name of the DCT is
used.
F-519
F-520
Databases
Default, Examples,
WeldConnections
Default, Examples
Default, Examples
Default, Examples,
WeldConnections
Default, Examples,
WeldConnections
F-521
[DB:Material]
Default = Material_Default
Examples = Material_Examples
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:Material_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\mat"
Editable = true
[pdb:Material_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\mat"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for solution parameter stress-life approach
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:SolpStress]
Default = SolpStress_Default
Examples = SolpStress_Examples
WeldConnections=SolpStress_Weld
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:SolpStress_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\sp_stress"
Editable = true
[pdb:SolpStress_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\sp_stress"
Editable = false
[pdb:SolpStress_Weld]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\welding\sp_stress"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for solution parameter strain-life approach
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:SolpStrain]
Default = SolpStrain_Default
Examples = SolpStrain_Examples
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:SolpStrain_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\sp_strain"
Editable = true
F-522
[pdb:SolpStrain_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\sp_strain"
Editable = false
;----------------------------------------------------; Database for method parameters
;----------------------------------------------------[DB:MethodParam]
Default = MethodParam_Default
Examples = MethodParam_Examples
WeldConnections=MethodParam_Weld
;----- specification for database driver ----[pdb:MethodParam_Default]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\default\mparam"
Editable = true
[pdb:MethodParam_Examples]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\examples\mparam"
Editable = false
[pdb:MethodParam_Weld]
Format = "CFG"
Path = "%TECWAREHOME%\pdb\welding\mparam"
Editable = false
F-523
F-524
Fig. 136:
The configuration of databases for material data, solution parameter or method parameter is similar.
F-525
Creator=tecwhome
Modifier=tecwhome
Created=02-Nov-1999 10:31:35
Modified=02-Nov-1999 10:31:35
[Structural Steel]
FileName=s/381eaf7700.pdd
F-526
SN-Curves
One file containing a SN-curve (including Bastenaire and Dang
Van) looks like that (the values of the parameters are default
values, which should be taken if the correct value is not
known):
[Header]
Creator = speckert
Modifier = speckert
Created = 06-11-2001 08:32:57
Modified = 06-11-2001 08:32:57
[Data]
Name = "SN_Default"
Comment = "Example SN-curve"
DBSection = ""
Unit = "MPa"
Smax = 500
Smin = 1000
S1 = 250
Se = 250
Te = 250
alpha = -1.5
k1 = 3
k2 = 3
Ne = 2e+006
SmHat = 0
SNCurveType = SNCTypeSNCurve
DangVanType =
DVTypeDangVanMultiPoints
DangVanPointsP--c = 2
DangVanPointsP--1 = 0
DangVanPointsP--2 = 166.667
DangVanPointsT--c = 2
DangVanPointsT--1 = 250
DangVanPointsT--2 = 0
BastenaireA = 6e+007
BastenaireB = 1300
BastenaireC = 2.5
F-527
F-528
Material Data
One file containing a material data set looks like that (the values of the parameters are default values, which should be
taken if the correct value is not known):
[Header]
Creator = speckert
Modifier = speckert
Created = 06-11-2001 08:32:57
Modified = 06-11-2001 08:32:57
[Data]
Name = "Mat_Default"
Comment = "Example SN-curve"
DBSection = ""
Emod = 200000
Ne = 506770
SigE = 272.34
EpsE = 0.001545
SmHat = 0
TenStrength = 600
ComprStrength = 1800
MatStrainType =
MatDataTypeTension
sig_fStrich = 900
eps_fStrich = 0.59
b = -0.087
c = -0.58
VerfKoeff = 990
nStrich = 0.15
Poisson = 0.29
Chi = 5
BackStress = 5
LimitDefinition =
LimitTypeStress
F-529
F-530
Method Parameter
One file containing a method parameter set looks like that (the
values of the parameters are default values, which should be
taken if the correct value is not known):
[Header]
Creator = schaefer
Modifier = schaefer
Created = 18-04-2002 15:58:31
Modified = 18-04-2002 15:58:31
[Data]
Name = "LTS-strain only"
DBSection = ""
NoOfCritPlanes = 18
NoOfRFMClasses = 100
TSDExact = 0
FSE = 1
FilterWidth--c = 2
FilterWidth--1 = 0.7
FilterWidth--2 = 0.3
NoOfProjections = 250
TolAngle = 10
NormQuotient = 100000
ElimSafetyFactor = 100
UseAbsElimLimit = 0
AbsElimLimit = 0.001
F-531
elimination runs
the usage of the Strain-life Approach for damage calculation on
filtered load histories is activated
FEMWriteDamage = WriteDamthe Miner Sum is written as ReageMinerSum
sult 1
FEMWriteDamLog = 1
Result 1 is displayed in logarithmic scale
ShowNodeElim = 0
N_Design/N is written as Result 2
LogD_InfiniteLife = -30
value to indicate infinite life
StaticFailFactor = 100
factor on limit damage sum to indicate static failure
FEMWriteSigma = ShowSigmaOver- the load design factor is written
SigmaDesign
as Result 3
FEMWriteDam5 = WriteDamHotSpots the number of the hot spot to
which an element belongs to is
written as Result 4
CalcHotspots = 1
the hot spot calculation is activated
HSMinDamage = -30
elements below the given damage are not taken into account
during the hot spot calculation
HSThreshold = 1.2
The damage D (in logarithmic
scale) of the hot spot is given by
the damage of its center element.
The neighboring elements are
added to the hot spot, as long as
their damage values are greater
than d - threshold
HSMaxCount = 20
maximum number of hot spots
which are determined
HSMinNeighbors = 1
only direct neighbors are taken
FEMSizeEffect = SizEffNone
GenStress = 0
deactivates the generation of
stress-time series during the LTScalculation
GenStrain = 1
activates the generation of straintime series during the LTScalculation
GenForceAndMoment = 0
deactivates the generation of time
series for forces and moments
during the LTS-calculation
ProjectionAngle = 0
the projection angle is ignored
ProjectionAngleValue = 45
projection angle for generating
strain time series
StrainLifeForAll = 1
F-532
Solution Parameter
The solution parameter sets used in the Stress-life Approach
differ from them used in the Strain -Life Approach.
[Data]
Name = "Default"
name of the data set
Comment = "default stress-life" arbitrary comment
DBSection = ""
database section in falancs.ini,
may be omitted
Approach = Approach_Stress
solution parameter set for the
Stress-life Approach
MeanStressCorr = StressCorrNone no mean stress correction
method is chosen, no correction
will be performed
M1 = 0
parameters for mean stress correction methods
M2 = 0
M3 = 0
R_lim = 1
DamageAccum = MinerElem
activates the damage accumulation according to Miner's Rule
(elementary)
SpotwDiameter = 5
diameter of spot welds to be
analyzed (Rupp model)
SpotwSNShift = 0.7
Shift of nugget SN- curve against
sheet
SpotwCalcNugget = 1
the damage calculation in the
spot weld nugget is activated
SurfCorr = 1
surface correction parameter
SizeCorr = 1
size correction parameter
LimitDamSum = 1
damage value limit
LocStressState =
specifies the critical plane stress
PStressCritPlaneMode1 parameter
DiffChanLength = Truncate
UnknownVar = Life
ProbOfFail = 50
Life = 1000
LifeDim = Blocks
LoadLevel = 1
DespTol = 0.05
Axis = AxisLoadLevel
AxisType = Automatic
ComppTol = 0.1
CompPoints--c = 0
F-533
[Data]
Name = "Default"
name of the data set
Comment = "default strain-life" arbitrary comment
DBSection = ""
database section in falancs.ini,
may be omitted
Approach = Approach_Strain
solution parameter set for the
Strain-life Approach
SurfCorr = 1
surface correction parameter
SizeCorr = 1
size correction parameter
LimitDamSum = 1
damage value limit
F-534
LocStressState = PStressCritPlaneMode1
DiffChanLength = Truncate
UnknownVar = Life
ProbOfFail = 50
Life = 1000
LifeDim = Blocks
LoadLevel = 1
DespTol = 0.05
Axis = AxisLoadLevel
AxisType = Automatic
ComppTol = 0.1
CompPoints--c = 0
LNStrainRel = Neuber
StrainFile = ""
LimLoadRatio = 2.5
DamageParam = DamPSWTOrig
ResidualStress = 0
ResidStressUnit = "MPa"
k_Bergmann = 0
PwlLinStart = 1000
PwlLinEnd = 200000
F-535
Part 8
F-536
F-537
Subdirectory of \welding
\snc
\sp_stress
\mparam
In the database selection windows these databases are available by the entry WeldConnections in the field Database.
F-538
F-539
If you only evaluate the seam weld you should set the static
failure data to those of the base material.
We recommend to use Haibach/Miner damage accumulation
and the mean stress influences recommended by the IIW. Use
SW/NS/IIW low RS (cat I) if the base material shows negligible residual stresses. Use SW/NS/IIW med RS (cat II) for
geometrically simple thin walled details and use SW/NS/IIW
high RS (cat III) for complex details, structures with high residual stresses or having thick walls. If there is no further information on the structure use SW/NS/IIW high RS (cat III).
F-540
Eurocode 3
Eurocode 3 gives guidelines for the design of steel structures.
Within these guidelines a catalogue of fatigue analysis recommendations for a variety of seam welds is given. As outlined in
the introduction these may be used for standard details in construction.
Eurocode 3 recommends to use a safety factor Mf for poor accessible components and components where a failure leads to
rapid failure of the whole structure (non fail-safe components).
The recommended values for Mf are:
Fail-safe components
1.0
1.25
1.15
1.35
You can apply the safety factor LMS FALANCS by dividing the
surface influence factor in the solution parameters by the value
of Mf.
The Eurocode 3 recommends to use the Mean Stress Correction method SW/NS/EC3 low RS for details with low residual
stresses. Use SW/NS/EC3 high RS for all other details.
Remark: It is always safe to use SW/NS/EC3 high RS.
Remark: The categories are no longer part of the seam weld sn-curves, but
of the solution parameter. Thus one has to choose the approach in the solution parameters
F-541
F-542
F-543
F-544
Non-welded details
F-545
125: Automatic butt welds carried out from both sides. Without stop/start positions.
If a specialist inspection demonstrates that longitudinal
welds are free from significant flaws, category 140 may
be used.
112: Automatic butt welds carried out from both sides. With
stop/start positions
Automatic butt welds made from one side but without
start/stop positions.
100: Manual fillet or butt weld
F-546
80:
71:
F-547
90:
80:
F-548
36:
71:
50:
F-549
F-550
Transverse attachments:
Welds terminating more than 10mm from the edge of the plate
Vertical stiffeners welded to a beam or a plate girder
Diaphragms of box girders welded to the flange or web
80: t 12 mm
71: t > 12 mm
80:
F-551
Cruciform joints:
71: Full penetration butt weld
36: Partial penetration tee-butt joint or fillet welded joint.
The misalignment e/t has to be smaller than 15%
63:
45:
F-552
80:
Welds in shear:
Continuous fillet welds transmitting in shear flow, such
as web to flange welds in plate girders. For continuous
full penetration butt weld in shear use category 100.
M=5
80:
Welds in shear:
Fillet welded lap joint.
M=5
F-553
80:
Welds in shear:
Stud connectors (failure in the weld or heat affected zone
m=5
71:
50:
F-554
Hollow sections
56:
F-555
71:
71:
50:
F-556
45:
40:
36:
F-557
F-558
F-559
F-560
Remark: This Haibach/Miner setting does not account for the cut off at
100,000,000 cycles as recommended in the Eurocode 3, but the LMS FALANCS intrinsic filtering mechanisms lead to an equivalent result.
F-561
F-562
100: Transverse loaded butt weld made in shop in flat position, toe angle less equal 30o, NDT
80:
80:
71:
F-563
45:
F-564
71:
71:
F-565
112:
80:
Transverse butt weld splice in rolled section or bar besides flats, ground flush, NDT
F-566
71:
F-567
125: Transverse butt weld ground flush, weld ends and radius ground, 100% NDT at crossing flanges, radius transition.
100: Transverse butt weld made in shop at flat position, weld
profile controlled, NDT at crossing flanges, radius transition.
80:
71:
F-568
30:
F-569
F-570
125: Continuous automatic longitudinal fully penetrated Kbutt weld without stop/start positions (based on stress
range in flange) NDT
100: Continuous automatic longitudinal double sided fillet
weld without stop/start positions (based on stress range
in flange)
90: Continuous manual longitudinal fillet or butt weld
(based on stress range in flange)
36:
F-571
/ > 0.7
F-572
80:
71:
63:
45:
45:
F-573
Splice of circular hollow section with intermediate plate, single-sided butt weld, toe crack
56: Wall thickness > 8mm
50: Wall thickness < 8mm
F-574
F-575
F-576
80:
71:
45:
Trapezoidal stiffener to deck plate, fillet or partial penetration weld, calculated on basis of stiffener thickness
and weld throat, whichever is smaller
F-577
90:
F-578
F-579
71:
F-580
Lap joints
F-581
Reinforcements
50:
F-582
80:
71:
71:
F-583
71:
63:
80:
F-584
71:
71:
63:
F-585
Tubular joints
63:
50:
F-586
Installation
F-587
Part 9
Installation
This part contains general information concerning the installation of LMS FALANCS.
F-588
Installation Instructions
F-589
Installation Instructions
To install LMS FALANCS on your system, please follow the
tecware installation instructions shipped with your LMS FALANCS installation to
z
z
z
z
F-590
F-591
UNIX Systems
LMS FALANCS runs on the following UNIX operating systems
Architecture
OS
HP-UX 11.x
IBM
AIX 4.3
SGI
IRIX 6.5
SUN Sparc
Solaris 7
OS
HP-UX 10.20
IBM
AIX 4.3
SGI
IRIX 6.5
SUN Sparc
Solaris 7
Microsoft Windows
LMS FALANCS runs on Microsoft Windows 4.0 with service
pack 3 or higher.
F-592
Installation of CAT/FALANCS
F-593
Installation of CAT/FALANCS
The release notes contain a list of all versions, analysis types
and elements supported from LMS FALANCS when working
with CAT/FALANCS.
The list is available by the entries marked in the following figure:
F-594
Installation
In the subdirectory
falancs/contrib
of the LMS FALANCS installation directory a file
USRENV.dcls
is provided. The contents of this file must be included in the
USRENV_FALANCS.dcls file of the CAT/FALANCS user. This
may be done most easily by
1. copy the provided file to a central place, e.g.
/catiafiles/USRENV_FALANCS.dcls
2. Append the line
include ('/catiafiles/USERENV_FALANCS.dcls');
F-595
Unix systems
To install the toolbar:
1. Copy the files *.mac to the docu subdirectory of your ANSYS installation.
2. Edit the file falancs:
you have to give the full path to the TecWare installation
directory, e.g. if you installed LMS FALANCS into the directory /cae_soft/lms/tecware write
/cae_soft/lms/tecware/tecware ans2tsi
to the file falancs.
3. Edit the file ans2tsi:
F-596
F-597
Microsoft Windows
To install the toolbar:
1. Copy the files *.mac to the docu subdirectory of your ANSYS installation.
2. Edit the file falancs.bat:
you have to give the full path to the TecWare installation
directory, e.g. if you installed LMS FALANCS into the directory Y:\cae_software\tecware
set tecwpath=Y:\cae_software\tecware\
F-598
Copy this file to the patran75 subdirectory of your patran75 installation. Add the lines
/* LMS Durability Technologies Tool Menu */
!! INPUT lmsdt.pcl NOERROR
lms.init()
to the init.pcl file and the LMS Tool menu will be loaded
automatically each time you start PATRAN.
You may load the lmsdt.pcl file by hand as well. Do not forget to start the menu by the lms.init() command in this
case.
Copy the scripts falancs and pat2tsi to the PATRAN bin directory or to any directory that is included in all users PATH
variable.
Adapt the scripts to your local installation:
Edit the file falancs, you have to give the full path to the
tecware-installation directory, e.g. if you installed LMS FALANCS into the directory
/cae_soft/lms/tecware
write
/cae_soft/lms/tecware/tecware falancs
F-599
1. Edit the file pat2tsi, you have to give the full path to the
tecware-installation directory, e.g. if you installed LMS
FALANCS into the directory
/cae_soft/lms/tecware
write
/cae_soft/lms/tecware/tecware pat2tsi $1
F-600
F-601
F-602
F-603
F-604
For modal superposition based on a NASTRAN modal transient analysis, files storage space can be large as the punch file
created by NASTRAN is an ASCII file. The size will depend on
the number of modes and length of the time history, and is approximately the number of modes times the length of the load
history times 8 bytes.
Remark: When leaving LMS FALANCS the user will be asked whether all
temporary files and results of non-FEM analysis should be deleted.
F-605
F-606
where
where
<return code>
is 1 = success, 0 = failure
<tempdirectory>
<log-file>
F-607
F-608
F-609
Part 10
F-610
F-611
F-612
I increase the eL settings in my FEM analysis but the damage gets smaller.
F-613
F-614
I get high stresses at the points where the loads are applied. Does this have influence on the
fatigue analysis?
F-615
F-616
F-617
Part 11
F-618
F-619
Installation
A standard setup procedure is provided on the installation CD
such that you may install LMS FALANCS via the usual installation routine as e.g. using "Control panel Software Install"
You may define the installation path during the installation
routine.
F-620
Restrictions
Due to technical reasons in this version of LMS FALANCS for
Windows NT there are no zooming and value picking facilities
in the graphic windows.
File Formats
Appendix:
File Formats
This part describes the file formats supported in LMS FALANCS.
F-621
F-622
Directory names
F-623
Directory names
The LMS TecWare components run on different hardware platforms and operating systems.
LMS FALANCS has been implemented to be independent from
these platforms. Only the specification of file and path names
depends on the operating system.
When working with standard directories, these specific conventions valid for the used operating system can be ignored prevailingly.
This chapter describes the structure of directory names and file
names with respect to different operating systems and computer platforms.
Unix
In principle, a complete path name is subject to the following
structure:
Fig. 138:
F-624
F-625
short name
AS
HD
MB
IF
PK
P2
PV
RP
IS
TD
UB
F-626
Data format
F-627
The binary format is used for internal storage, the batch command file format is described in detail in the chapter The
Batch Command File.
F-628
F-629
F-630
F-631
F-632
2.222222e+01
2.407407e+01
3.419045e-04
3.705882e-04
F-633
F-634
F-635
Appendix:
Data Representations of
Stress-Life Curves and Dang
Van Data
This part contains information on the data representation of
stress-life curves and Dang Van data.
F-636
Data
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Data Representations of Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van
F-637
N=
N E SE k 2 S1
N=
N E SE k 2
S
S
k1 k 2
k2
k2
k1, k 2 , SE , N E , S1 .
The SN curve can be written in the form
A1 = k 1 , A 2
= k 2 , B1
= B2 + (k 1 k 2 ) log(S1 ), B2
= log N E SE k 2
or
log(S1 ) =
B2 B1
,
A1 A 2
log(SE ) =
B2 log( N E )
.
k2
S = S
1 R
2
F-638
Data
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Data Representations of Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van
Ai = A i
1 R
Bi = Bi Ai log
2
1 R
Bi = Bi + Ai log
.
2
These relations are valid for R < 1.
In pure compression (R > 1) we have S < 0 and
Ai = A i
Bi = Bi Ai log
1 R
2
Bi = Bi + Ai log
1 R
.
2
m instead of R. The
In LMS FALANCS we often work with S
following relations are valid:
1+ R
Sm =
1 R
1 R
1
=
.
2
1 + Sm
F-639
S S C
A
E
exp
N=
.
S SE
B
This is the form for the maximum stresses. For the amplitudes
we have
S S C
A
E
.
exp
N=
B
S SE
A = A
B = B
C = C .
1 R
2
1 R
2
F-640
Data
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Data Representations of Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van
F-641
= p + 0
where 0 and are the parameters defined in LMS FALANCS. The following figure illustrates the simple Dang Van
approach.
Fig. 139:
F-642
Data
LMS FALANCS User Manual - Data Representations of Stress-Life Curves and Dang Van
Fig. 140:
2 1
p 2 p1
and 0 = 1 p1 .
p1 = 0, 1 = 0
p2 =
0
, 2 = 0
F-643
Appendix:
F-644
F-645
Fig. 141:
F-646
Clean up
Erases all finished or stopped jobs from the display.
Stop
Stops the selected job. Jobs are selected by left-clicking on
the entry in the list boxes. A confirmation window appears,
asking if the job should really be cancelled.
Info
The window "Info" appears displaying detailed information
on each listed job.
Help
The online help system is started displaying the help text to
the window "Computation status".
F-647
Fig. 142:
F-648
Legend
At the top of the window, the material names and legend are
displayed.
Use the radio buttons to select a material for that the data
sheet is opened when pressing Data Sheet.
Graphic
The area Graphic displays the stress-strain curves on the left
and the strain-life curves on the right.
On UNIX additional zoom icons and fields are inserted below
the plots:
zoom in
undo
zoom
original
state
F-649
cursor to a new point (while keeping the middle mouse button depressed) changes the display fields to Difference:
and Factor:. These give the difference and factor (ratio)
from the number of cycles at the first point to the number of
cycles at the second point.
Buttons
The following buttons are visible both on UNIX and on Microsoft Windows.
Close
Selecting this button will close the display window.
Update
Selecting this button will refresh (redraw) the plot in its
original (unzoomed) state on UNIX. On Microsoft Windows,
pressing Update has no effect.
Data Sheet
The window "View Material Data Sheet" appears for viewing the properties of the current selected material (radio
buttons on the top of the window).
Print
Selecting this button will make the "Print" window appear
so that the graph can be printed.
Help
Selecting this button will display the online-help for this
section.
F-650
F-651
Fig. 143:
F-652
Selected materials
The number of strain material data sets that are currently
selected in the database selection window "Selection of Material Data Sheets".
Selected solution parameters
The number of solution parameter sets that are currently
selected in the database selection window "Strain-life approach - Selection of Solution Parameter Sets".
Synthetic SN curves
The number of created SN curves results from the number
of possible combinations of material data sets and solution
parameter sets.
Target database
The option menu defines the database the created SN
curves are stored in.
Available entries are all editable databases.
OK
The window is closed and the creation of the new SN curves
is started.
The generated curves are placed in the stress-life material
database (containing SN Curves) specified by Target database, and given names according to the following:
SYNxxxx::<original material name>, <load-notch strain
curve method>=<limit-load value>
where
xxxx is a four digit number that ensures that a unique
material data set is specified.
<original material name> is the text name of the original
strain-life data set
<load notch strain curve method> describes the input
for the type of load-notch strain approximation. This
is: N for Neuber, SB for Seeger-Beste, ES for ESED
and F for File.
<limit load value> is the limit load value specified in the
strain-life data set or the filename if <load notch
strain curve method> is File.
F-653
Remark: the damage parameter is not used to determine the synthetic curve.
Cancel
The window is closed without creating any SN curve.
F-654
F-655
Fig. 144:
F-656
Search
Result directory
The result directory must be specified and is where the fatigue analysis results of the edited load sequence(s) is(are)
placed.
The Search button opens the directory selection window
"Result Directory Selection" where you browse for the directory.
OK
When a result directory has been specified and this button
is selected, the window "Damage Selection" closes and the
fatigue analysis on the edited load sequence is started. The
"Computation status" window is displayed and the resulting
time series are written to the chosen directory.
F-657
Cancel
Selecting Cancel will close the window without selecting
any analysis.
Help
Selecting this button will display this help information.
F-658
F-659
Fig. 145:
F-660
Young's Modulus
The specific value of Young's modulus in Mpa.
Allowed are values in the range [10000,1000000].
Unalloyed or Low-alloy Steel / Aluminum or Titanium
Alloy
The kind of material is defined by these two radio buttons.
OK
The data sheet "Define Material Data Sheet" for defining
material data appears. The defined parameters are entered
at the fields
Tensile Strength in the area Static Failure Data
and
Youngs modulus in the area Ramberg-Osgood Relation.
The other fields are filled with the parameters calculated
according to the uniform material law. You may change
these settings, enter a name for the material data set and
specify the database where it is to be stored in. Use the buttons OK or Apply for saving the new material data set and
the button Cancel for rejecting the settings..
The window "Estimation Based on Uniform Material Law"
is closed.
Cancel
The window "Estimation Based on Uniform Material Law"
is closed. No further action is started.
Help
Selecting this button will display this help information.
OK
The window is closed.
Cancel
When this button is selected, the "Estimation Based on Uniform Material Law" window closes and the user is transferred back to the database selection window "Selection of
Material Data Sheet".
F-661
F-662
F-663
Fig. 147:
Fig. 148:
F-664
Load Component
In this section of the window, information about the various
load sequence files and channels is displayed and the calibration values can be defined.
File
This display field lists the file from the channel that has
been selected for a fatigue analysis.
Search
Channel
This display field lists the channel name from the file selected for fatigue analysis. Pressing the Search button opens
the load history selection window to change the channel.
Remark: Only one load history can be chosen from the load history selection window when started from here.
Search
Calibration
This display field shows the calibration offset, O and the
calibration factor, F, as well as the type of history. All these
fields can be edited by calling the window "Load History
Calibration" by selecting the Search button near the display box. The window "Load History Calibration" also shows
the original maximum and minimum values in the history.
Other
This section of the "Geometry Cell" window displays the
Task/Site text field cell, the Material property file of the cell
and Solution Parameters set for this cell.
Search
Since the tasks are initially just given a unique number the
user should change this field for each analysis. The Material
property file and Solution Parameters set can be changed by
pressing the Search button to open the corresponding database selection window.
F-665
Remark: Only one database item can be chosen from the database selection window when started from here.
Table
This section of the window "Geometry Cell" displays the
row/column location of the current cell (Current), the total
number of cells (Total) and duplicates (Duplicates) in the
GWS.
Geometry
In this window section, applied loads are related to the local
e~
e~
stress state. Note that the values for and L can be typed
and when the enter key on the keyboard is pressed, the values
are placed in the highlighted cell on the "Geometry Work
Sheet" and the next cell becomes highlighted. (The direction for
going to the next cell to be can be specified by the edit mode in
the "Geometry Work Sheet".)
~
c= e~ / eL
~
Result file
The name of the result file where the load case is read from
is displayed in this field, which is only available for FEM
analysis runs.
~
e~
This is the elastic equivalent stress caused by the load L .
This field is only available for non FEM analysis runs.
F-666
Load case
The load case where the FEM results are read from is displayed. This field is only available for FEM analysis runs.
e
~
L
Buttons
The following buttons are available:
OK
Selecting this button will accept the changes to the "Geometry Cell" window and close the window. (The window may be
re-displayed by selecting the menu items Options/Table Cell
Window/Show.)
If there are any invalid table entries, a warning message
will appear and the window will remain open for further
editing.
Apply
Selecting this button will apply the changes to the "Geometry Cell" window without closing the window. If there are
any invalid table entries, a warning message will appear.
Close
Selecting this button will close the "Geometry Cell" window
without applying any changes made to the window.
Remark: Changes are transferred to the Geometry Work Sheet only after either OK or Apply is chosen.
F-667
Fig. 149:
F-668
Fig. 150:
The window contains a menu bar with the items File, Initialize, Edit, Check, Navigate, Select and Options, an Icon
Bar, a Table Field and several Buttons.
Menu: File
The items in the menu File are to load and save Geometry
Work Sheets.
Fig. 151:
FileLoad
This entry corresponds to the entry FileLoad GWS file in
the LMS FALANCS main menu.
FileSave
If a Geometry Work Sheet has already been saved, or has
been loaded and changed, applying this item saves it using
its old file name.
FileSave As
The file selection window is popped up, such that one can
enter a file name and the format the folder is saved in.
F-669
Menu: Initialize
This menu has options that set up the initial "Geometry Work
Sheet" table format. The name of the Job can also be specified
from this menu
Fig. 152:
F-670
In this window, you define how the tasks are named automatically.
When choosing one of the check boxes and pressing OK all
tasks in the GWS are renamed accordingly.
When pressing Cancel the tasknames remain unchanged.
InitializeStrain Gage Rosettes
This menu item is only available in the strain-life approach.
It opens the window "Strain gage rosettes":
F-671
F-672
Menu: Edit
This menu allows the user to quickly change a marked table
area.
Fig. 156:
Zero
EditZero
Sets selected cells to zero. Applies only to the geometry matrix cells.
The icon Zero and the short cut [Ctrl+z] have the same function.
Cut
EditCut
Copies the entries of the selected cells to the clipboard and
deletes them.
The icon Cut and the short cut [Ctrl+u] have the same function.
This function is not available for the GWS of a FEM-based
fatigue analysis or transient analysis.
Copy
EditCopy
Copy [Ctrl+c]
Copies the entries of the selected cells to the clipboard.
The icon Copy and the short cut [Ctrl+c] have the same
function.
F-673
The icon Paste and the short cut [Ctrl+p] have the same
function.
This function is not available for the GWS of a FEM-based
fatigue analysis or transient analysis.
EditDelete Row
deletes the row the pointer is positioned in.
EditDelete Column
deletes the column the pointer is positioned in.
EditUndo
undoes the last operation.
EditInsert Before/Insert After
toggles the insert mode
F-674
Menu: Check
Fig. 157:
F-675
Menu: Navigate
This menu positions the selected cell in the channel area of the
worksheet. Alternatively to using the menu items or the according short cuts, the user can use the mouse button or arrow
keys to accomplish the same task.
Fig. 158:
F-676
Menu: Select
This menu allows the user to determine the selection mode, in
order to make changes to multiple cells at once.
Fig. 159:
Single
Cell
Multiple
Cells
SelectSingle Cell
Activates a cell by mouse clicking in it. Activating a new
cell, deactivates the last choice. This option has to be used
for entries that have to be unique, as the task name entry.
The icon Single Cell has the same function.
SelectMultiple Cell
Activating a cell adds it to the set of activated cells. To deselect a cell click on it again.
The icon Multiple Cells and the short cut [Ctrl+m] have the
same function.
Single
Column
SelectSingle Column
A single column is selected.
The icon Single Column and the short cut [Ctrl+v] have the
same function.
Single
Row
SelectSingle Row
A single row is selected.
The icon Single Row and the short cut [Ctrl+h] have the
same function.
Single Diagonal
Block of
Adjacent
Cells
Deselect
All
F-677
SelectSingle Diagonal
A diagonal is selected. This can be useful to change the c
values for single channel per task analysis.
The icon Single Diagonal and the short cut [Ctrl+d] have
the same function.
SelectBlock of Adjacent Cells
A block of cells is selected. Select first the upper left cell and
then the lower right cell to select a block of cells.
The icon Block of Adjacent Cells and the short cut [Ctrl+b]
have the same function.
SelectDeselect All
Deselects all selected cells.
The icon Deselect All has the same function.
Remark: Note that in the Geometry Work Cell window only entries can be
changed that are common to all activated cells. If e.g. a solution parameter cell and a material parameter cell are chosen at the same time
nothing can be changed from the Geometry Work Cell window.
F-678
Menu: Options
This menu is for various display options for the worksheet.
OptionsTable Layout
Fig. 160: The menu OptionsTable Layout in the window "Geometry Work Sheet"
Fig. 161: The menu OptionsGeometry Cell Window in the window "Geometry Work Sheet"
Change
visibility of
cell window
F-679
Fig. 163: The menu OptionsEdit Orientation in the window "Geometry Work Sheet"
This option is to edit the worksheet on a horizontal (rowwise) or vertical (column-wise) manner, when using the
keyboard accelerators. After applying the new settings in
the window "Geometry Cell", the focus is set to the next cell
in the same row or in the same column
Remark: Setting this option to vertical can be helpful for entering task
names, for examples.
F-680
Icon Bar
Fig. 164:
Cut
Copies the entries of the selected cells to the clipboard and
deletes them.
Copy
Copy
Copies the entries of the selected cells to the clipboard.
Paste
Paste
Copies the clipboard to the selected place.
Zero
Single
Cell
Zero
Sets selected cells to zero. Applies only to the geometry matrix cells.
Single Cell
Activates a cell by mouse clicking in it. Activating a new
cell, deactivates the last choice. This option has to be used
for entries that have to be unique, as the task name entry.
Multiple
Cells
Multiple Cells
Activating a cell adds it to the set of activated cells. To deselect click on the cell again.
Single
Row
Single Row
Whole rows are selected.
Single
Column
Single Column
Whole columns are selected.
Single Diagonal
F-681
Single Diagonal
A diagonal is selected. This can be useful to change the c
values for single channel per task analysis.
Block of
Adjacent
Cells
Deselect
All
Deselect All
Deselects all selected cells.
Change
visibility of
cell window
Actual
Contents
F-682
Table Field
In the Table Field the input data and selected parameters are
combined according to the analysis which is to be performed.
The layout of the table field for the Non FEM and for the FEM
approach are different (because of the approaches different requirements).
Non FEM Approach
Fig. 165: The table field in the window "Geometry Work Sheet Non
FEM"
F-683
FEM Approach
Fig. 166: The table field in the window "Geometry Work Sheet FEM"
F-684
Buttons
OK
Selecting this button accepts the "Geometry Work Sheet"
window, removes it from the display and starts the job. If
there are no invalid table entries and the job name had not
been previously specified, the "Job Setup Window" will be
displayed in which any valid system file name can be specified.
If the job is accepted, a "Question" window will appear asking for confirmation of deleting the table field after calculations. The options in this window are Yes, No, or Cancel. If
the table field is not deleted, then it can be used and edited
for another fatigue analysis.
After the "Question" window, the "Computation status"
window will appear. This window shows the status of past
and currently running jobs.
When the jobs are completed, the Results sub-menu item
will become available and if Fatigue Sensitive Editing was
chosen, the sub-menu item History reduction will become
available.
Apply
Selecting this button checks for any inconsistencies in the
"Geometry Work Sheet". If the worksheet is accepted the
same procedure as if the OK button had been selected is
done accept that the worksheet window remains visible.
Print
The window "Print" appears where you select a printer device and define the settings for printing the Geometry Work
Sheet.
See the paragraph Printing the Geometry Work Sheet for
further information and an example print.
Cancel
Selecting this button closes the "Geometry Work Sheet"
window and disregards any changes that may have been
made.
F-685
Fig. 167:
F-686
When appearing the first time during a session the list contains the results of all successfully performed Non-FEM
processes of this session in the current approach (depending
on the menu item the window was called by: Stress-life
ApproachNon-Fem: history reduction... or Strainlife ApproachNon FEM: History reduction)
You can use the buttons Load... and Remove... to add formerly saved results resp. delete results from the list.
Load...
The directory selection window "Load results" appears
where you select a result file to be added to the result list.
See the paragraph Management of Non-FEM Results for
detailed information on loading results.
Save...
The file selection window "Save results" appears.
See the paragraph Management of Non-FEM Results for
detailed information on saving results.
Remove...
The currently selected result folder is removed from the result list. You may reload it by using the button Load.
See the paragraph Management of Non-FEM Results for
detailed information.
F-687
Export(csv)
A CSV-file is generated that contains a list of all tasks in
the Upper list box. The list contains the following information on each task:
name of the result folder the task is contained in
name of the task
calculated life time measured in blocks.
You specify the path and name of the CSV-file in the appearing file selection window "Export(csv)...".
See the paragraph Exporting the List of Non-FEM Results
for detailed information.
Export(ASCII)
An ASCII-file is generated that contains a list of all tasks in
the Upper list box. The list contains the following information on each task:
name of the result folder the task is contained in
name of the task
calculated life time measured in blocks.
See the paragraph Exporting the List of Non-FEM Results
for detailed information.
Down
Up
Down
Use this button to add the currently selected task to the
lower list box. A double click on the task has the same function.
An error message appears if the lower list box contains already an entry. The history reduction is performed on single
tasks only.
Up
Use this button to delete the current entry from the lower
list box. A double click on the entry has the same function.
Lower list box
The task result entered to this list box will be used as input
of the history reduction.
F-688
OK
The selected task is accepted and the window "Damage selection" appears. The window "history reduction" is closed.
A warning appears if the result was computed by using a
method parameter without setting the option Fatigue Sensitive Editing and no damage was calculated.
Apply
The window "Damage selection" appears. The window "history reduction" is kept open for further usage.
A warning appears if the result was computed by using a
method parameter without setting the option Fatigue Sensitive Editing and no damage was calculated.
Cancel
The window "history reduction" is closed.
Help
The online-help to the window "history reduction" is started.
Window "Info"
F-689
Window "Info"
The window "Info" gives detailed information on all jobs listed
in the window "Computation status". You may simply view the
messages or save them in a logfile (*.log) for job documentation.
The window appears after selecting Info in the window
"Computation status".
Fig. 169:
F-690
Close
The window is closed.
Save as...
The file selection window "Save Information Messages ..."
appears where you specify a logfile to save the content of
the list box as text file. The default file extension of the logfile is *.log.
F-691
Fig. 170:
F-692
Cancel
Selecting this button will cancel the operation and close the
window.
F-693
Fig. 171:
F-694
Offset
The offset is the amount of static offset applied to the time
history.
Factor
This is the (calibration) factor that is applied to the time
history.
OK
Selecting this button will accept the "Load History Calibration" window and close it if there are no invalid input values.
Apply
Selecting this button will check and accept the data in the
Load History Calibration window for any invalid input
ranges but will not close the window.
Cancel
Selecting this button will close the "Load History Calibration" window without making any changes.
Help
Selecting this button will display the help information for
this section.
F-695
Fig. 172:
F-696
F-697
Fig. 173:
F-698
Window "Options"
F-699
Window "Options"
The window "Options" is used to define general parameters
used in all analyses.
The window is opened by selecting the menu item ConfigurationMethod Parameters... in the LMS FALANCS
main window.
The configuration tool consists of the panels General and
FEM and some buttons.
Panel "General"
Method Parameters
F-700
BufferSize
Parameter name:
Specifies the number of values of each load history in memory at one time. This value will influence the size of the
scratch files, which are usually given in multiples of the
buffer size.
Maximum memory to use (kB)
Non Proportional FEM
falancs.ini section:
MaxMemoryUsage
Parameter name:
Specifies the amount of random access memory (RAM)
available for FAL/NP damage calculation in kBytes. If you
have to handle many long loading histories and large load
cases, increasing this number leads to better buffering and
may increase the speed of the analysis. Also, if you increase
the next parameter (MaxElementsInTask) you may need to
increase MemMemoryUsage. Be aware that it is crucial that
enough physical memory is actually available to really get
an increase in speed.
Maximum number of elements in one task
Non Proportional FEM
falancs.ini section:
MaxElementsInTask
Parameter name:
Specifies the maximum number of elements in one damage
calculation task. The larger this number is the fewer individual damage analysis runs have to be performed. Note
that more elements in a task implies that more memory is
needed.
Window "Options"
F-701
Panel "FEM"
Fig. 175:
Panel "FEM"
Result 1
Result 2
Result 3
Result 1 at top (shells only)
Result 1 at bottom (shells only)
Result 4
F-702
F-703
Fig. 176:
F-704
When appearing the first time during a session the list contains the results of all successfully performed Non-FEM
processes of this session in the current approach (depending
on the menu item the window was called by: Stress-life
ApproachNon-Fem: Results... or Strain-life ApproachNon FEM: Results...).
You can use the buttons Load... and Remove... to add formerly saved results resp. delete results from the list.
The horizontal and vertical sliders can be moved to view the
entire content of the list.
Down
Up
Down
Use this button to add the currently selected task to the
lower list box. A double click on the task has the same function.
A error message appears if the lower list box contains already four entries or the task is already added.
Use this button to delete the current entry from the lower
list box. A double click on the entry has the same function.
Lower list box
The task result entered to this list box will be examined.
Up
F-705
F-706
F-707
Fig. 177:
F-708
Hostname: <name>
Name of the computer running this LMS FALANCS session
Operating system: <name>
Name and version of the operating system on which LMS
FALANCS is running.
Temporary directory: <path>
Directory to which the results are written to if nothing special is given in the result specification sections of the configuration file falancs.ini. See section Settings Specific
to LMS FALANCS: FALANCS.INI.
F-709
Fig. 178:
F-710
Legend
At the top of the window, the legend and the material
names are displayed. The radio buttons select a material for
that the data sheet is opened when pressing Data Sheet.
Graphic Area
The layout of the Graphic Area differs on UNIX and Microsoft Windows. The graphical display and the two option menus
are displayed in both versions. But the zoom icons and the display fields are visible on UNIX only.
Graphic
The material curves are drawn according to the settings in
the option menus logarithmic / linear and amplitude /
max. stress.
logarithmic / linear
This option menu defines the scaling of the vertical axes in
the plot. The effect is either a log-log plot or a log-lin plot.
amplitude / max. stress
Depending on the setting in this option menu either the
amplitudes or the maximum stress values of the material
curves are drawn.
Zoom in
Undo
zoom
Zoom in
By clicking on the icon, the zoom-in feature is enabled. Use
the left mouse button to click on the graph at the upper left
corner of a zoom-box and drag (while keeping the left mouse
button depressed) to the lower right corner of a zoom-box. A
zoomed-in region of the graph is now displayed. Select the
icon again to use the original left and middle mouse button
features.
Undo zoom
The last zoom-in is undone.
Original
state
F-711
Original state
The graphic is drawn in its original (not zoomed) state.
Cycles Amplitude / Difference Factor
Two display fields are located below the Graphic.
z Numerical values for any location on the plot can be determined by clicking the left mouse button at the desired
location. The coordinate values appear in the display
fields near the bottom of the window. The selected point
is visualized by a circle.
z Clicking and holding the middle mouse button on a particular point and moving the cursor to a new point (while
keeping the middle mouse button pressed) changes the
caption of the display fields to Difference and Factor.
Hence the display fields give the difference and factor
(ratio) from the number of cycles at the first point to the
number of cycles at the second point. The positions of the
first and of the second point are visualized by two vertical lines.
F-712
Buttons
The window contains the following buttons
Close
The window is closed.
Refresh Plot
Selecting this button will refresh (redraw) the plot in its
original (not zoomed) state when working on UNIX. On Microsoft Windows the button has no function..
Data Sheet
Selecting this button opens the window "View Stress-life
Data Sheet" so that the material properties can be viewed.
Print
Selecting this button opens the "Print" window so that the
graph can be printed.
Help
Selecting this button will display the help information for
this section.
F-713
Appendix:
F-714
References
F-715
References
This chapter contains references on further readings on fatigue
and welding.
F-716
References
F-717
Fatigue of Welds
Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures Part 1.1 General rules
and rules for buildings, European Committee for Standardisation, Brussels, 1992
Fatigue Design of Welded Joints and Components, Recommendations of IIW, R. Hobbacher, The International Institute of
Welding, Cambridge, 1996
The Influence of Plate Thickness on Fatigue Strength of
Welded Joints, A Comparison of Experiments with Prediction
by Fatigue Notch Factors, by V.B. Kttgen, R. Olivier, T. Seeger, in "Steel in Marine Structures", Proc. 3rd Int.ECSC Offshore Conf, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1987, pp. 303-313
Fatigue Analysis of Welded Connections Based on Local
Stresses, by V.B. Kttgen, R. Olivier, T. Seeger, International
Institute of Welding, Document IIW XIII-1408-91, 1992
Damage at the Large Wind Power Plant GROWIAN Fatigue
Analysis of Critical Welded Connections, by V.B. Kttgen, R.
Olivier, T. Seeger, International Institute of Welding, Document IIW XIII-1497-93, 1993
Rechnergesttzte Auslegung punktgeschweiter Bauteile (in
german) by A. Rupp, V. Grubisic, D. Radaj, DVM Bericht 120
(Fgen im Leichtbau), pp 159-175, 1994
F-718
Glossary
F-719
Glossary
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials.
block loading
A time series generated by repeating a shorter time series.
Coffin-Manson-Morrow relation
A damage parameter based on decomposing the elastic and
plastic portions of the total strain amplitude and fitting
them to experimental data.
constant amplitude loading
A load history where all peaks (maxima) are equal and all
valleys (minima) are equal.
compressive strength
The ultimate stress of the material in compression.
crack initiation
The process of producing a small crack in a component of
some definable size, e.g. 0.1 mm in length.
cycle
A cycle is constituted by a completed hysteresis loop in the
stress-strain space.
cyclic hardening exponent (n)
The exponent for plastic strain term in the Ramberg-Osgood
equation that describes the cyclic stress-strain curve. It is
the slope of the log-log plot of plastic strain amplitude vs.
stress amplitude determined from a stabilized cyclic stressstrain test.
F-720
Glossary
F-721
equivalent stress
A scalar stress value determined from the components of
the stress tensor; often calculated by the von Mises formula.
Eurocode
A European welding code for seam welds.
Fatigue
The process that occurs in a material subjected to fluctuated
stresses and strains leading to permanent structural
changes. Due to these changes at some point or points
cracks may build up or complete fracture may happen to occur after a sufficient number of fluctuations.
fatigue ductility coefficient ( f )
The coefficient for the reversals to failure in the MansonCoffin-Morrow relation for the plastic strain amplitude
term. It is the plastic strain level that corresponds to one
reversal for the curve fit line of plastic strain amplitude vs.
reversals to failure.
fatigue ductility exponent (c)
The exponent for the reversals to failure in the MansonCoffin-Morrow relation for the plastic strain amplitude
term. It is the slope of the line in the log-log fit of plastic
strain amplitude vs. reversals to failure.
fatigue life
The number of loading cycles of a given type that a given
component may sustain before failure of a specified nature
(e.g. crack initiation, rapture) occurs.
fatigue life for p% survival
An estimate of the fatigue life that p% of a given sample
would attain under a given loading.
fatigue notch factor (Kf)
The ratio of the endurance limit of an unnotched material to
the endurance limit of the notched material.
F-722
Glossary
F-723
hysteresis filter
In filtering time histories, it is the value that determines
the size of the cycles to delete from the time history.
intermediate principal stress
Of the three principal stresses, the intermediate principal
stress is the stress whose magnitude is less than (or equal
to) the maximum principal stress but greater than (or equal
to) the minimum principal stress.
limit damage sum
The damage value associated with crack initiation of the
component; often 1.0 when using Miners rule to accumulate
damage.
limit load ratio (Kp)
The ratio of the load when the component is fully plastic to
the load when the component first yields.
linear cumulative damage rule
A method of accumulating damage in which the damage calculated from each cycle is added directly.
linearized SWT parameter
A method to convert the strain-life SWT damage parameter
curve to a linear segment on a log-log S-N curve for use in
stress-life analysis.
load influence factor (c)
The quantity (c) that is multiplied by the load so that the local elastic stress results:
e
load histogram
A plot that indicates the number of cycles at different load
amplitudes for a time history.
load ratio (R)
The ratio between the minimum and the maximum value of
a load cycle.
F-724
Glossary
F-725
multiaxial
A stress state with more than one non-zero stress component. If used in reference to loads, a time series with multiple channels.
multiaxial fatigue
A fatigue process that is sensitive to the effects of multiaxial
stress states.
node
A point in a finite element model at which two or more elements are connected (sometimes referred to as a grid).
nominal stress
A calculated stress value that is typically calculated based
on elastic material behavior and for a reference area. Nominal stresses are usually used for convenience to normalize
loads.
non-local effects
Factors that affect the fatigue behavior of a component such
as surface factors and stress gradients.
non-proportional stresses
Stress component time histories at a point that differ from
each other by phase or other than by just a multiplicative
factor are considered non-proportional, i.e. anything other
than proportional stresses.
notch
See stress concentration.
peak
For a given load history any point where the slope changes
from positive to non-positive. For constant amplitude loading the maximum load.
proportional stresses
Stress component time histories at a point that differ only
by a multiplicative factor are considered proportional.
F-726
pseudo stress
A type of nominal stress determined by elastic calculations,
even if the yield stress of the material is exceeded. The reference area used in the calculations is the same as if the
material were elastic; therefore the pseudo stresses are the
same as the actual stresses in a structure until the material
yields.
quasi-static superposition
Linear combination of elastic stress states.
rainflow counting
A numerical technique that identifies closed hysteresis
loops in the stress-strain response of a material.
rainflow matrix
A matrix representation of the number of occurrences of a
cycle of a certain range with a particular mean load.
rainflow projector
A method of resolving stress components to particular
planes and rainflow counting on the planes.
Ramberg-Osgood relation
An equation used to relate total strain to stress by the use
of Hookes law for the elastic portion of the strain and by a
two-parameter log-log fit of plastic strain and stress for the
plastic strain portion. For fatigue loading, the coefficients
for the plastic strain portion are determined by cyclic load
experiments.
ratchetting
The directional accumulation of plastic strain due to cyclic
loading in one direction with static or cyclic loading in another direction.
ratchetting parameter
In plasticity, a parameter that controls the rate of plastic
strain accumulation in the coupled stress-plastic strain relations.
Glossary
F-727
rate independent
A process that does not depend on the time scale used.
residual stress
Stress in a component due to a manufacturing process such
as welding or bolting.
residue
The unmatched peaks or valleys left over after rainflow
counting a time history.
reversal
The occurrence in a time history where the sign of the slope
(first derivative) changes sign (see: peak, valley)
SAE
Society of Automotive Engineers.
seam weld
A joint made between two plates by a process of arc welding
such as, for example, metal-inert-gas (MIG) or tungsteninert-gas (TIG) welding.
spot weld
A joint made in two sheets of metal by the means of contact
between two (typically cylindrical) electrodes. When current
flows though the electrodes the contact area between the
two sheets melts and then solidifies to bond the sheets.
signed von Mises stress
A scalar stress calculated from the components of the stress
tensor by using the von Mises equivalent stress formula
(which is always positive valued) and giving it the same
sign as the principal stress with the largest magnitude.
SN curve
A plot, usually on log-log scales, that relates nominal stress
or other quantity linearly related to load, to fatigue life,
typically in cycles to crack initiation.
F-728
static failure
The failure of a material or structure by exceeding the ultimate or maximum stress of the material.
strain
The change in length per reference length for a material.
strain-controlled
A region of a material that has deformation or strain controlled to certain levels.
strain-life approach
A fatigue analysis approach in which local strain is taken as
the primary parameter to relate to fatigue life. This approach is able to account for the effects of local plasticity.
stress
The intensity of force; for engineering stress it is the load
divided by the original reference area.
stress concentration factor (Kt )
A dimensionless value that is multiplied to the nominal
stress (Kt) so that the local elastic stress results:
e
= K t S nominal
stress concentration
An area on a structure or component at which elevated
stresses and strains occur, typically due to a change in local
geometry from the surrounding area of the component.
stress gradient
The rate of change of stress with distance.
stress-controlled
A region of material that is controlled by stresses or loads to
certain levels.
stress-life approach
A fatigue analysis approach in which stress is taken as the
primary parameter to relate to fatigue life.
Glossary
F-729
tensile strength
Ultimate stress of a material in tension.
time series
Time histories of load, strain, or other measured value.
true stress
Stresses calculated based on the instantaneous area in the
strain configuration (i.e. the area that changes as the material is loaded).
ultimate stress
The highest stress level a material can sustain based on the
engineering stress-strain curve.
uniaxial stress
A state of stress with only one non-zero stress component.
valley
for a given load history any point where the slope changes
from negative to non-negative. For constant amplitude
loading the minimum load.
variable amplitude loading
A load history in which the amplitude does not remain constant throughout the entire load history.
weld nugget
The melted and solidified volume of material produced
during the spot welding process.
yield criterion
In plasticity, a formula used to determine if the materials
yield stress has been exceeded.
yield function
See yield criterion.
yield stress
The stress level at which the material transitions from elastic deformation to elastic-plastic deformation.
F-730
yield surface
In plasticity, a plot of the yield function in stress space.
yielding
The behavior of a material after the yield stress has been
reached or exceeded.
F-731
A
T-14
T-89
T-86
T-89
T-86
*
*.bdf F-455
*.bof F-454
*.csv F-189
*.dam F-112, F-454
*.fal F-97, F-327, F-674
*.fil F-454
*.fol F-97
*.log F-171, F-305, F-689
*.pch F-454, F-455
*.tsd F-95
*.tsi F-96
*.txt F-189
*.ugd F-417
*.unv F-455, F-485
1
1/number of blocks F-215
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-292
4
4-point
algorithm T-24, T-26, T-24, T26
counting T-24
F-732
example F-57
interpreting results F-61
Non-FEM stress-life analysis
example F-31
interpreting results F-53
print GWS F-162
save GWS F-25
ANSYS F-19, F-96, F-474, F-604,
F-626
FAQ (where are the results?)
F-614
FEM result file F-429
generating element sets F478, F-480
install toolbar F-595
spot weld analysis F-477
supported analysis types F475
supported elements F-475
supported versions F-475
viewing
results F-478
ANSYSFE-based output F-476
Armstrong-Frederick T-149
ASCII F-625
data format
element sets F-633
load-notch strain curve F631
time series F-629
load file F-95
ASTM T-24, T-26, T-24, T-26
automatic thresholding T-163
axial
material properties T-103
tests T-103
axis
computed points
solution parameter F-266
B
b (fatigue strength exponent) T86
back calculation T-30
backstress T-149
number of backstresses T-149
material parameter F-281
Basquin
SN-curves F-245
Basquin's
equation T-86
exponent T-86
Bastenaire curve F-233
display F-709
SN-curves F-246
batch
command file F-329, F-627
[Calibration] F-392
[Channels] F-387
[ElementSets] F-385
[Job] F-330
[Le] F-397
[LoadCases] F-393
[Material] F-356
[MethodParam] F-333
[SigmaE] F-396
[SNCurve] F-346
[SolParam] F-366
[Tasks] F-332
[TSD] F-391
ASCII format F-327
generate F-327
loading F-96
path specification F-329
mode F-691
processing F-20, F-321
start with shell script F-449
starting F-323
Bergmann T-95
parameter F-255, T-95
block
cycle loading T-9
loading T-9
bulk material T-117
C
c F-24
definition T-14
fatigue ductility exponent T-86
Calc Weld Nugget parameter T173
calculate hot spots
method parameter (Hot Spots)
F-298
Calculate TSD exact
method parameter (General)
F-286
Calculate TSD Exact T-35
T
F
F-733
F-734
FEMOverwriteResults F412
FEMWriteDamageToASCII
F-412
[FEM-Driver] F-416
CDHHexaOrientation F417
I-DEASGeoFileExtension
F-417
NASTRAN BUFFSIZE F416
NastranCopyBlocks F-416
NastranMAXR F-416
[FLIESSATTR] F-432
[HPGLPLOT]. F-441
[LoadHistoryView] F-445
RF-Matrices F-445
TimeSeries F-445
[MATERIALATTR] F-432
[Messages] F-445
[Method Parameters] F-410
BufferSize F-410
LTS_Principles F-411
RandomSeed F-410
RFMSampleSize F-410
StrainGageAngles F-411
[Non proportional FEM] F-414
AbsoluteElimLimit F-414
MaxElementsInTask F-415
MaxMemoryUsage F-414
MinElementsForFilterRuns
F-415
MinSignalLengthForFilter
F-415
StrainLifeForAllRuns F414
UseAbsoluteElimLimit F414
[PrintConfiguration] F-447
[PWOEHLATTR] F-432
[Runtime] F-447
[SCHAEDATTR]. F-442
[Spotweld] F-418
KdivSqrtS F-418
[WOEHLERATTR] F-432
falancs.ini F-407
tecware.ini F-447
configuration file F-404
most important settings F-406
syntax F-405
constant amplitude
life curves T-86
loading T-6
correction
factormacroscopic yielding T45
factormicroyielding T-46
factorstress gradient T-43
factorsurface T-49
Goodman T-66
mean shear T-70
mean stress T-66, T-94, T-66,
T-94
seam weld mean stress T-72
shear stress correction T-95
three segments T-66, T-68, T66, T-68
crack
growth T-60
initiation T-3, T-86, T-139, T144, T-3, T-86, T-139, T-144
opening mode T-139
opening parameter T-145
stage II T-139
critical
locations T-79
plane T-120
approch T-144
curve
Bastenaire display F-709
definition of SN-curve F-242
SN-curve display F-709
cycle
constant amplitude loading T-7
cycles to failure T-10
rainflow counting T-8
rainflow cycle counting T-23
sub-cycles T-8
variable amplitude loading T-8
cyclic
constants T-82
hardening
coefficient
definition T-82
exponent
definition T-82
hardening coefficient
material parameter F-279
hardening exponent
material parameter F-279
T
F
D
damage
accumulation
Haibach/Miner T-76
linear T-10
Liu-Zenner T-76
Miner T-10
Miner elementary T-76
modifications T-76
non-linear T-10
solution parameter F-259
based
data reduction method T18
node elimination technique
T-155
fraction T-10
limit damage sum T-12
parameter T-86, T-94, T-86, T94
axial T-105
Bergmann F-255, T-95
life curve T-11, T-28, T-11,
T-28
modifying factors T-101
linearized Smith-WatsonTopper T-96
Morrow F-256
Morrow type T-97
no mean stress influence
T-96
single amplitude damage
parameter life curves T99
Smith-Watson-Topper T94
original F-255
Torsion F-255
solution parameter F-255
torsional T-105
Vormwald F-256, T-98
damage matrix F-211
damchan.erg F-426
damcoll.asc F-426
dammat.erm F-426
Dang Van F-233
Add F-248
F-735
alpha F-247
comment F-237
Dang Van Type F-237
data representation F-641
data sheet F-233
database F-237
Delete F-248
enable safety factor approach
F-269
List of Multiple Points F-248
Modify F-248
multiple points
Dang Van data F-247
name F-237
Pressure / Shear (tau) F-248
Shear (tau) F-247
simple
Dang Van data F-247
Sort F-248
view mode F-240
Dang Van Type
Dang Van data F-237
data
format
ABAQUS F-626
ANSYS F-626
ASCII F-625, F-629
batch command file Sets
F-627
CAT/FALANCS F-626
element sets F-626, F-633
FUNKTION F-625
Geometry Work Sheet F627
HDS F-625
IBM-I2 F-625
I-DEAS F-626
list of supported formats F625
load-notch strain curve F631
NASTRAN F-626
PK F-625
PK2 F-625
Pro/MECHANICA F-626
RPC-III F-625
STRUKTUR F-625
TDF F-625
UB F-625
T
F
F-736
LTS F-300
NP FEM F-288
RP Filter F-296
operations
batch restrictions F-399
configuration F-419
operations on data sets
see topic "data set" F-132
parameter F-27
selection F-28
selection of files F-126
SN-curve
data sheet F-233
SN-curves F-237
solution parameter F-253
data sheet F-251
DCT F-509
define
data set F-146
delete
data set F-151
Design life factor F-292
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-292
design point T-29
back calculation T-30
failure probability
solution parameter F-264
life
solution parameter F-264
load level
solution parameter F-265
solution parameter F-264
tolerance
solution parameter F-265
unknown variable
solution parameter F-264
Deviatoric Stress space T-147
diameter
solution parameter F-260
spot weld
definition T-171
Diameter parameter T-173
directory
define temporary directory F601
predefiened input directories
F-602
selection F-120
T
F
E
E (Youngs Modulus)
material parameter F-279
E (Young's Modulus) T-85
in batch command file F-362
in Uniform Material Law F-660
EDASWIN
load file F-95
edit
Geometry Work Sheet F-672
effects
mean stress T-94
elastic
modulus T-91
notch stress T-63
shear modulus T-103
strain T-81
stress T-106
elastic-plastic strain T-120
calibration F-693
element
supported elements
ABAQUS F-491
ANSYS F-475
CAT/FALANCS F-497
I-DEAS F-481
NASTRAN F-461
Pro/MECHANICA F-487
element set F-65, F-626
data format F-633
generation
ABAQUS F-496
ANSYS F-478, F-480
CAT/FALANCS
F-737
by materials F-500
by properties F-500
CAT/FALANCS F-503
I-DEAS F-485
PATRAN
by groups F-467
by materials F-469
by properties F-468
Pro/MECHANICA F-489
selection F-144
elimination
process T-163
safety factor
definition T-163
elimination run number
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-292
End linearization at
solution parameter F-256
End linearization at parameter
T-101
endurance limit T-58
cycles value NE F-243, F-244
definition T-58, T-89, T-58, T89
load value SE F-243, F-244
material parameter F-278
modification T-76
number of cycles T-89
strain at endurance limit T-89
stress at endurance limit T-89
equation
strain-life equation in shear T103
strain-life equation in torsion
T-103
equivalent
strain energy density T-107
stress T-103, T-142, T-103, T142
error messages F-305
save F-689
ESED T-106, T-107, T-108, T106, T-107, T-108
estimate cyclic material
properties F-83
Eurocode T-72
Eurocode 3 T-175, T-179, T-175,
T-179
recommendations F-540
T
F
F-738
F
factor F-694
computation point T-29
Design life factor
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-292
elimination safety factor
method parameter (NP
FEM) F-289
fatigue notch T-38
load influence F-24, T-14, T135, T-137, T-14, T-135, T137
Geometry Cell F-665
macroscopic yielding
correction T-45
microyielding correction T-46
modal contribution F-471
safety factor
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-293
size T-64
size effect T-64
[Messages] F-445
[Method Parameters] F-410
BufferSize F-410
LTS_Principles F-411
RandomSeed F-410
RFMSampleSize F-410
StrainGageAngles F-411
[Non proportional FEM] F-414
AbsoluteElimLimit F-414
MaxElementsInTask F-415
MaxMemoryUsage F-414
MinElementsForFilterRuns
F-415
MinSignalLengthForFilter
F-415
StrainLifeForAllRuns F414
UseAbsoluteElimLimit F414
[PWOEHLATTR] F-432
[SCHAEDATTR]. F-442
[Spotweld] F-418
KdivSqrtS F-418
[WOEHLERATTR] F-432
database definition F-518
[DB
Material] F-518
MethodParam] F-518
SNCurve] F-518
SolpStrain] F-518
SolpStress] F-518
database sections F-518
falbatch
start with shell script F-449
falgws2i F-450
FAQ F-609
fatigue T-3
damage T-10
ductility
coefficient T-86
material parameter F-276
exponent T-86
material parameter F-276
life T-3, T-10, T-37, T-86, T106, T-3, T-10, T-37, T-86,
T-106
logarithmic nature T-62
mltiaxial T-139
notch factor T-38
statistical nature of T-51
F-739
strength
coefficient T-86
material parameter F-276
exponent T-86
material parameter F-276
test T-51
axial T-103
torsional T-103
Fatigue Analysis with the
windows "Geometry Work
Sheet" and "Geometry Cell" F157
FE-based output
ABAQUS F-493
ANSYS F-476
I-DEAS F-483
NASTRAN F-463
Pro/MECHANICA F-488
FEM
Result 1 F-291
1/number of blocks F-292
Miner sum F-291
number of blocks F-292
Result 2 F-292
Design life factor F-292
elimination run number F292
N_Design/N F-292
Result 3 F-293
Result 4 F-294
Result with infinite life F-294
Result with static failure F-295
FEM based analyses
interpreting results F-81
strain-life approach
performing a standard
analysis F-79
stress-life approach
performing a standard
analysis F-67
FEM based analysis
concept F-65
element sets F-65
element sets and point loads
F-66
material F-65
solution parameter F-65
stress results F-66
FEM load cases
selection F-138
T
F
F-740
formula
Manson-Coffin-Morrow relation
F-276
Ramberg-Osgood relation F279
frequently asked questions (see
FAQ) F-609
fsebackw.buf F-426
fseforw.buf F-426
fsesect.buf F-426
FUNKTION F-625
load file F-95
G
Generating element sets
ABAQUS F-496
ANSYS F-478, F-480
CAT/FALANCS F-503
by materials F-500
by properties F-500
I-DEAS F-485
PATRAN
by groups F-467
by materials F-469
by properties F-468
Pro/MECHANICA F-489
Geometry Cell
change
load component F-664
edit GWS F-23
load component F-664
calibration F-664
non FEM fatigue analysis F-24
open F-24
replace load channels F-22
selection
of channels F-664
of database entries F-664
selection of
FEM load cases F-666
visibility F-678
Geometry Work Sheet F-24, F627
change
load component F-664
clipboard F-161
edit tools F-672
Fatigue Analysis with the... F157
T
F
F-741
H
Haibach/Miner T-76
hardening coefficient T-81
cyclic T-82
hardening exponent T-81
cyclic T-82
hardening rule T-148
HAZ T-174
HDS F-625
heat affected zone T-174
help
online help system F-114
high cycle fatigue T-4, T-57, T-4,
T-57
history reduction
fatigue sensitive editing
method parameter
(General) F-287
output parameter (falancs.ini)
F-422
History reduction F-226
Hooke's law T-147
hot spot
detection T-165
Hot Spots
hot spot number as result F294
method parameter F-298
Calculate hot spots F-298
Maximum number F-299
Minimum damage (log) F298
Minimum size F-299
Threshold (log) F-298
output parameter (falancs.ini)
F-422
How to
add a column to the GWS F44
add a task to the GWS F-45
change entries in the GWS F41
define a new data set F-146
define the job name for an
analysis F-46
delete elements from a data
set F-151
delete tasks from a GWS F-46
T
F
F-742
I
IBMI2
load file F-95
IBM-I2 F-625
I-DEAS F-96, F-417, F-455, F463, F-481, F-626
J
Jiang T-147
Jiang model
material parameter F-281
job F-671, F-691
batch mode F-691
comment F-691
name F-691
save info F-171
state F-172
K
K' T-82, T-85, T-82, T-85
k1
SN-curves F-243
k2
SN-curves F-243
KdivSqrtS parameter T-173
Kf T-38
definition T-38
Kp T-108
Kt
definition T-14
L
life
design point
solution parameter F-264
life curve T-29
constant amplitude life curves
T-86
damage parameter life curve
T-11, T-28, T-11, T-28
modifying factors T-101
results
constant amplitude life
curve F-201, F-212, F213
cumulative load amplitude
histogram F-202
results in blocks F-208
variable amplitude life
curve F-203
weighted results F-207
single amplitude damage
parameter life curves T-99
stress life curve F-98
F-743
definition F-235
selection F-126
synthetic F-106
variable amplitude life curve
computed points F-266
design point
solution parameter F-264
life points
results
list of life points F-205
lifecrv.asc F-426
LifeStat F-9, T-63
limit damage sum T-12
definition T-10
solution parameter F-263
limit damage sum parameter T12
limit damage sum: F-215
limit load
plasticity T-108
ratio T-111, T-114, T-111, T114
definition T-108
limit load ratio
solution parameter F-255
linear
cumulative damage rule T-10
Miner's rule T-10
linearized SWT parameter T-96
Liu-Zenner T-76
LMS FALANCS for Microsoft
Windows F-617
LMS FALANCS LifeStat F-9
LMS GIDAS F-9
LMS TecWare MultiRain F-11
LMS TecWare RainView F-14
LMS TecWare TimeEdit F-13
display and edit time series F125, F-155
LMS TecWare TimeView F-13
display time series F-125, F155
lnotch.asc F-426
load T-13, T-63, T-13, T-63
amplitude T-7
calibration F-24, F-693
case
get load histories or test
schedules F-124
selection
T
F
F-744
M
macroscopic yielding T-45
T
F
F-745
name F-275
number of backstresses F-281
number of cycles F-278
Poisson's ratio F-281
Ramberg-Osgood relation F279
Ratchetting parameter F-281
R-ratio F-280
static failure data F-277
strain amplitude F-278
stress amplitude F-278
tensile strength F-277
test type F-280
Young's modulus F-279
max. absolute stress
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-293
max. stress amplitude
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-293
maximal norm quotient
method parameter (NP FEM)
F-289
maximum
definition T-7
principal T-142
Maximum norm quotient
parameter T-162
maximum number
method parameter (Hot Spots)
F-299
mean load
definition T-7
mean shear correction T-70
mean stress
correction T-66
parameters T-72
solution parameter F-257
effects T-66, T-94, T-66, T-94
mean stress influence
solution parameter F-256
measurements
strain gage T-120
MEDINA F-454, F-463
FEM result file F-429
memory
material memory T-81
model T-82, T-84, T-82, T-84
rules T-24, T-84, T-24, T-84
M1 T-84
T
F
F-746
M2 T-84
M3 T-85
menu
"Action"
in database selection
windows F-127
"Check"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-674
"Configuration"
in "LMS FALANCS" F-113
"Edit"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-672
"File"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-668
in "LMS FALANCS" F-95
"Help"
in "LMS FALANCS" F-114
"Initialize"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-669
"Navigate"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-675
"Options"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-678
"Select"
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
F-676
"Strain-life Approach"
in "LMS FALANCS" F-103
"Stress-life Approach"
in "LMS FALANCS" F-98
"Tools"
in "LMS FALANCS" F-108
menu item
in "Geometry Work Sheet"
Check
->Consistency with
database F-674
->Files F-674
Edit
->Cut F-672
->Delete Column F-673
->Delete Row F-673
->Insert Before/Insert
After F-673
->Job F-672
->Paste F-673
->Undo F-673
File
->Load F-668
->Save As F-668
Initialize
->Isotropic Multiple
Channels (Standard
RP) F-669
->Job F-671
->Method parameter ...
F-671
->Multiple Channels per
Task F-669
->Single Channel F-669
->Strain Gage Rosettes
F-670
->Taskname initialization
F-670
Navigate
->Move to End of Column
F-675
->Move to Left Margin F675
->Move to Right Margin
F-675
->Move to Top of Column
F-675
Options
->Check for Duplicates
F-679
->Geometry Cell Window
F-678
->Orientation F-679
->Table Layout F-678
Select
->Block of Adjacent Cells
F-677
->Deselect All F-677
->Multiple Cell F-676
->Single Cell F-676
->Single Column F-676
->Single Diagonal F-677
->Single Row F-676
in "LMS FALANCS"
Configuration
->Databases... F-113
->Method Parameters F113
T
F
File
->Open FE Result Files...
F-96
->Open FE Set Files... F96
->Open GWS File... F-96
->Open Load History
Files... F-95
->Open Test Schedule
File... F-95
File->Exit... F-97
Help
>Contents F-114
->Index F-114
->Masterindex F-114
->On-Version F-115
->Overview F-114
->Setup F-115
Strain-life Approach
->FEM: Load Cases... F106
->FEM: Local time series
(LTS) F-105, F-107
->FEM: transient analysis
F-107
->FEM:Fatigue Analysis
F-107
->FEM:Sets... F-106
->Load Histories... F-104
->Materials Data... F-103
->Method Parameters...
F-104
->Non FEM: Fatigue
Analysis F-105
->Non FEM: History
reduction F-106
->Non FEM: LTS Tensor
Analysis F-105
->Solution Parameters...
F-104
->synthetic stress-life
curve F-106
->Test Schedule
Segments... F-105
Stress-life Approach
->FEM: Load Cases... F101
->FEM: Local time series
(LTS) F-102
F-747
F-748
Action->Uniform Material
Law F-127
Action->Update F-128
Strain-life Approach
->Non FEM: Results F-106
Menu Item
In "Geometry Work Sheet"
File
->Save F-668
method parameter F-283
[FEM Postprocessing]
result specification F-214
data sheet F-283
FEM Results F-291
General F-285
Hot Spots F-298
LTS F-300
NP FEM F-288
RP Filter F-296
database format F-530
database name F-286
FEM Postprocessing F-81
1/number of blocks F-215
Miner Sum F-215
Number of blocks F-215
Rainflow projector norm F219
Show elimination run
number F-219
task number F-219
Use logarithmic scale F215, F-217
value to indicate endurance
limit F-216
FEM Results F-291
1/number of blocks F-292
Design life factor F-292
elimination run number F292
Hot spot number F-294
infinite life indicator F-294
logarithmic scale F-292
max. absolute stress F293
max. stress amplitude F293
Miner sum F-291
N_Design/N F-292
number of blocks F-292
result 1 F-291
result 2 F-292
result 3 F-293
result 4 F-294
RF Norm F-294
safety factor F-293
static failureindicator F-295
Task number F-294
General F-285
compute TSD exact F-286
fatigue sensitive editing F287
number of rainflow bins F286
Geometry Work Sheet
Initialize F-671
Hot Spots F-298
calculate hot spots F-298
maximum number F-299
minimum damage F-298
minimum size F-299
threshold F-298
LTS F-300
generate spot weld time
series F-301
generate strain time series
F-301
generate stress time series
F-300
projection angle F-301
name F-285
NP FEM F-288
absolute elimination
threshold F-289
elimination safety factor F289
maximal norm quotient F289
number of critical planes
F-288
number of directions F-288
tolerance angle F-288
Use absolute elimination
threshold F-289
Use strain-life also for
elimination runs F-290
RP Filter F-296
filter width F-296
select F-135
microyielding T-46
correction factor T-46
T
F
Miner T-10
elementary T-76
linear cumulative damage rule
T-10
rule modifications T-76
Miner sum
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-291
Miner Sum F-215
minimum
definition T-7
minimum damage
method parameter (Hot Spots)
F-298
minimum size
method parameter (Hot Spots)
F-299
modal
contribution factor histories F471, T-136
superposition T-133, T-136, T133, T-136
transient analysis
NASTRAN F-471
mode shapes
selection F-138
modified Miner rules T-76
modifying factors
SN curve T-64
monitoring
non FEM jobs F-172
nonproportional FEM jobs F173
proportional FEM jobs F-173
Monitoring F-170
Morrow T-97
parameter F-256, T-97
multiaxial
fatigue T-139
loading T-9
MultiRain F-11
N
n' T-82, T-85, T-82, T-85
N_Design/N F-292
N0
SN-curves F-244
N1
SN-curves F-244
F-749
name
Dang Van data F-237
material parameter F-275
method parameter F-285
SN-curves F-237
solution parameter F-253
NASTRAN F-96, F-416, F-455, F461, F-626
FE-based output F-463
FEM result file F-429
modal transient analysis F-471
spot weld analysis F-472
CDH F-472
supported analysis types F461
supported elements F-461
supported versions F-461
natural frequency T-136
navigation
Geometry Work Sheet F-675
NDesign versus N F-292
NE T-89
SN-curves F-243, F-244
Neuber T-46, T-106, T-108, T110, T-46, T-106, T-108, T-110
node elimination T-155
nominal stress T-13, T-63, T-13,
T-63
non FEM Strain-life Approach
interpreting results F-61
performing a standard analysis
F-57
non FEM Stress-life Approach
interpreting results F-53
performing a standard analysis
F-31
non-expert user F-22
non-linear kinematic hardening
T-147
non-local effects T-37, T-64, T37, T-64
non-proportional
loading T-8, T-133, T-8, T-133
stresses T-139
normalized stress gradient T-42
notch T-79
analysis T-106
load notch strain approximation
T-106
radius T-176
T
F
F-750
strain T-106
stress T-13, T-106, T-13, T106
elastic T-13
npdamage.buf F-427
NS/3 Segments T-68, T-74, T-68,
T-74
NS/Goodman T-66, T-74, T-66,
T-74
NS/None T-74
Nugget SN-Shift
definition T-173
number
of blocks
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-292
of critical planes
method parameter (NP
FEM) F-288
of cycles
material parameter F-278
of directions
method parameter (NP
FEM) F-288
of rainflow bins
method parameter
(General) F-286
Number of backstresses
material parameter F-281
Number of backstresses
parameter T-150
Number of blocks F-215
Number of projection directions
parameter T-161, T-162, T-161,
T-162
O
offset F-694
open
channel F-29
data set F-28
FE Element Set Files F-96
FE Result Files F-96
file F-29
Geometry Work Sheet F-668
GWS Folder Files F-96
Load History Files F-95
Test Schedule File F-95
opening mode T-139
operating system
supported versions F-591
operating systems
names of paths and files F622
P
parameter
absolute elimination threshold
T-164
Calc Weld Nugget T-173
Calculate TSD Exact T-34, T35, T-34, T-35
Computation Points
Axis T-30
Points T-30, T-31, T-30, T31
Tolerance T-31
Type T-30
crack opening parameter T145
Design Point
Life T-30
Load Level T-30
Tolerance T-30
Unknown Variable T-29, T30, T-29, T-30
Diameter T-173
Elimination safety factor T-163
End linearization at F-256, T101
for mean stress correction T72
KDivSqrtS T-171, T-173, T171, T-173
Limit damage sum T-12
Limit Damage Sum
solution parameter F-263
maximum norm quotient T-162
Maximum norm quotient T-162
NS/3 Segments T-68, T-74, T68, T-74
NS/Goodman T-66, T-74, T66, T-74
NS/None T-74
Nugget SN-Shift
definition T-173
Number of backstresses F281, T-150
T
F
F-751
Pias
load file F-95
PJ T-98
PK F-625
PK2 F-625
PK2 View F-625
plastic strain T-81
increment T-149
plasticity model T-147
pncurve.asc F-426
poisson ratio T-95
Poisson's ratio
material parameter F-281
print
data sheet F-152
datasheets F-177
Geometry Work Sheet F-162,
F-684
graphs F-177
Pro/MECHANICA F-96, F-487, F626
FE-based output F-488
FEM result file F-429
generating element sets F-489
supported analysis types F487
supported elements F-487
supported versions F-487
projection angle
method parameter (LTS) F301
property
element set generation
CAT/FALANCS F-500
PATRAN F-468
proportional
loading T-8
stresses T-139
pseudo stress T-13, T-106, T133, T-13, T-106, T-133
pseudo stress based analysis
T-154
PSWT T-94
original F-255
shear stress correction T-95
Torsion F-255
T
F
F-752
Q
quasi-static superposition T133, T-134, T-133, T-134
R
R03MS T-178
r1ms
model F-538
R1MS T-175, T-178, T-175, T-178
approach T-175
rainflow T-24
counting T-23
cycle counting T-8
definition T-23
matrix T-18
strain-life T-122
projector T-155
rainflow matrix
Non-FEM results (local
stresses) F-209
Rainflow projector norm F-219
RainView F-14
Ramberg-Osgood
relation T-81, T-82, T-88, T81, T-82, T-88
Ramberg-Osgood relation
formula F-279
material parameter F-279
range
definition T-7
Ratchetting F-281
Ratchetting parameter T-150
rate independent T-20, T-133, T20, T-133
counting methods T-19
rcoll.asc F-426
rcollw.asc F-426
relative Miners Rule F-263
Representative Elements T-160
residual stress T-117
solution parameter F-256
Residual Stress parameter T118
residue T-24
resspec.fol F-426
result
management of FEM results
F-193
management of Non-FEM
results F-183
Result 1
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-291
Result 2
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-292
Result 3
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-293
Result 4
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-294
result specification
in method parameters F-214
resultf.fol F-426
results
constant amplitude life curve
F-201, F-212, F-213
cumulative load amplitude
histogram F-202
damage matrix F-211
design point F-204
FEM based analysis F-81
FEM results
damage F-215
Design life factor (Result 2)
F-217
Load design factor (Result
3) F-217
NDesign versus N (Result
2) F-217
sigmaDesign versus sigma
(Result 3) F-217
list of life points F-205
local stresses (rainflow matrix)
F-209
non FEM Strain-life Approach
F-61
non FEM Stress-life Approach
F-53
results in blocks F-208
variable amplitude life curve F203
viewing FEM results F-214
viewing results
ANSYS F-478
CAT/FALANCS F-501
PATRAN F-465, F-469
T
F
S
S1
SN-curves F-242, F-244
SAE T-24
safety factor
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-293
save
error and information
messages F-689
Geometry Work Sheet F-25,
F-668
job info F-171, F-689
scatter T-51
Schtz T-69
script
tecware F-19
SE
SN-curves F-243, F-244
seam welds F-536, F-538, F-559,
T-72, T-174, T-72, T-174
Eurocode 3 T-179
F-753
Eurocode 3 recommendations
F-540
International Institute of
Welding T-179
mean stress correction T-72
R1MS approach T-175
section
[Calibration]
in batch command file F392
[Channels]
in batch command file F387
[ElementSets]
in batch command file F385
[Job]
in batch command file F330
[Le]
in batch command file F397
[LoadCases]
in batch command file F393
[Material]
in batch command file F356
[MethodParam]
in batch command file F333
[SigmaE]
in batch command file F396
[SNCurve]
in batch command file F346
[SolParam]
in batch command file F366
[Tasks]
in batch command file F332
[TSD]
in batch command file F391
Seeger-Beste T-106, T-111, T106, T-111
selection
block F-677
T
F
F-754
column F-676
deselect F-677
diagonal F-677
directory F-120
from database F-126
in the Geometry Work Sheet
F-676
method parameter F-135
multiple cells F-676
of channels F-121, F-136, F664
of data sets F-133
of database entries F-664
of element sets F-144
of FE Element Set Files F-96
CAT/FALANCS F-500
of FE Result Files F-96
CAT/FALANCS F-499
of FEM load cases F-138
of files F-118
of GWS Folder Files F-96
of Load History Files F-95
of mode shapes F-138
of Test Schedule File F-95
of test schedule sequence F142
row F-676
single cell F-676
unselect F-677
selection of
FEM load cases
Geometry Cell F-666
sfdetgws.fol F-426
sfdetset.tsi F-426
shear
module T-95
parameter T-145
strain-life equation in shear T103
sheet thickness T-171
shell script F-449
falancs F-449
falbatch F-449
falgws2i F-450
tecware F-449
terminal F-450
Show elimination run number F219
signed von Mises T-142
F-755
F-756
stress-strain
curve
Masing model T-83
memory model T-84
cyclic stress-strain curve T-82
inelastic behavior T-81
STRUKTUR F-625
load file F-95
superposition
quasi-static T-134
supported analysis types
ABAQUS F-491
ANSYS F-475
CAT/FALANCS F-497
I-DEAS F-481
NASTRAN F-461
Pro/MECHANICA F-487
Supported Data Formats F-625
supported elements
ABAQUS F-491
ANSYS F-475
CAT/FALANCS F-497
I-DEAS F-481
NASTRAN F-461
Pro/MECHANICA F-487
supported versions
ABAQUS F-491
ANSYS F-475
CAT/FALANCS F-497
I-DEAS F-481
NASTRAN F-461
Pro/MECHANICA F-487
surface
correction
solution parameter F-262
correction factor T-49
effect T-37, T-49, T-101, T-37,
T-49, T-101
layer T-118
roughness T-37, T-49, T-64,
T-37, T-49, T-64
factor T-64
SW/NS/EC3 High RS T-72
SW/NS/EC3 Low RS T-72
SW/NS/FKM Recommend T-72
SW/NS/IIW High RS (cat III) T-72
SW/NS/IIW Low RS (cat I) T-72
SW/NS/IIW Med RS (cat II) T-72
SWT T-94
syntax
T
F
database definition in
falancs.ini F-518
synthetic stress life curve F106, F-651
T
table layout
Geometry Work Sheet F-678
task number
as FEM result F-219
Task number
method parameter (FEM
Results) F-294
TDF F-625
load file F-95
Technological size effects T-40
tecware
script F-19
shell script F-449
falancs F-449
falbatch F-449
falgws2i F-450
logfile (see Logging) F-451
terminal F-450
TecWare
installation structure F-403
tecware.ini F-447
[Debugging] F-447
[PrintConfiguration] F-447
[Runtime] F-447
list of printers F-181
temporary directory F-601
tensile strength T-59
material parameter F-277
SN-curves F-239
terminal F-450
test schedule
segments F-142
sequence F-142
test schedules T-32
segments T-32
Thin surface layer F-256
thin surface layer model T-117
three segment mean stress
correction T-68
threshold
absolute thresholding T-164
method parameter (Hot Spots)
F-298
F-757
time series
generate spot weld time series
method parameter (LTS)
F-301
generate strain time series
method parameter (LTS)
F-301
generate stress time series
method parameter (LTS)
F-300
TimeEdit F-13
TimeView F-13
tolerance
computed points
solution parameter F-267
design point
solution parameter F-265
tolerance angle
method parameter (NP FEM)
F-288
Tolerance Angle T-162
torsion
strain-life equation in torsion
T-103
Torsion/1 Segment T-70, T-75,
T-70, T-75
Torsion/2 Segments T-70, T-75,
T-70, T-75
torsional
material properties T-103
tests T-103
transient analysis T-133
Transient Analysis F-225
TSD
compute exact
method parameter
(General) F-286
type
computed points
solution parameter F-267
U
UB F-625
ultimate stress
definition T-58
uniaxial loading T-9
uniform material law F-83, T-91
Uniform Material Law F-659
Universal Binary
T
F
F-758
V
valley T-20
definition T-7
Value to indicate endurance limit
F-216
variable amplitude
loading T-6, T-76, T-6, T-76
variable amplitude life curve
computed points F-266
design point
solution parameter F-264
version
of LMS FALANCS F-115
view
data sheet F-152
load channels F-154
viewing
FEM results F-214
Non-FEM results F-198
results
ANSYS F-478
CAT/FALANCS F-501
PATRAN F-469
viewing results
PATRAN F-465
von Mises T-103
Vormwald parameter T-98
W
welds
Eurocode 3 T-179
geometry T-176
International Institute of
Welding T-179
MIG welding T-174
R1MS approach T-175
seam welds F-536, F-559, T174
Eurocode 3
recommendations F-540
Hollow sections F-554
Non-welded details F544
Transverse butt welds F547
Welded attachments with
non load carrying welds
F-549
Welded build up sections
F-545
Welded joints with loadcarrying welds F-551
fatigue analysis F-536, F540, F-559
Eurocode 3
recommendations F540
IIW recommendations F559
R1MS approach F-538
IIW recommendations
Butt welds, transverse
loaded F-562
Flanges, branches and
nozzles F-582
Lap joints F-580
Longitudinal load-carrying
welds F-569
Non load carrying
attachments F-575
Reinforcements F-581
Tubular joints F-585
Unwelded parts of a
component F-561
R1MS approach F-538
spot weld
ABAQUS F-495
T
F
ANSYS F-477
CDH approach F-472
I-DEAS F-484
NASTRAN F-472
spot welds F-66, T-169
wildcards F-622
window
"CAT/FALANCS command
window" F-499
"Computation status" F-645
"Constant Amplitude Lifecurve(s) / Stress-strain
curve(s)" F-647
"Creation of synthetic SN
curves" F-651
"Damage matrix" F-211
"Damage Selection" F-655
"Database Configuration Tool"
F-513
"Define Material Data Sheet"
F-274
"Define Method parameter" F285
"Define Solution Parameter
Set" F-252
"Define Stress-life Data Sheet"
F-236
"Estimation Based on Uniform
Material Law" F-659
"Exit LMS FALANCS" F-661
"Export (ASCII)" F-119
"Export (csv)" F-119
"Geometry Cell" F-663
"Geometry Work Sheet" F-667
"History reduction" F-685
"Info" F-689
"Job Setup Window" F-691
"Life points" F-205
"List of Printers" F-180
"Load Geometry Work Sheet"
F-119
"Load History Calibration" F693
"Load History Channel
Information" F-695
"Load History File Selection"
F-119
"Load History Selection" F-121
"Load Results" F-121
F-759
T
F
F-760
Y
yield T-79
criterion T-147
function T-147
surface T-148
yielding T-79
Young's modulus T-91
material parameter F-279
T
F