Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
ARCHITECTURE
ASSIGNMENT 1
2014418744
2014620832
2014874138
2014602568
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
METABOLISM
1. INTRODUCTION
Metabolism in architecture first appeared in the Tokyo World Conference of Design in
1960 under the leadership of Kenzo Tange and other architects, including, Kiyonori
Kikutake, Kisho Kurokawa, and Fumihiko Maki. Metabolists believed that adopting
this approach in architecture would save the identity of humanbeings and allow
them to communicate their humanity to architecture
2. The design of the buildings do not follow the modernists views of Form
follows Function, but allow the spaces and forms to be adapted to
changeable function in the future.
0rigin of Metabolists
Early 1930: they promoted the idea (based upon new urban patterns in the
United States) that urban development should be guided by CIAM's four
functional categories of: dwelling, work, transportation, and recreation.
Mid 1930: Le Corbusier and other architects had moulded CIAM into a
pseudo-political party with the goal of promoting modern architecture to all.
This view gained some traction in the immediate post-war period when Le
Corbusier and his colleagues began to design buildings in Chandigarh
The idea were tentatively tested by students by Kenzo Tanges MIT studio
1973: - After the 1973 oil crisis the Metabolists turned their attention away
from Japan and toward Africa and the Middle East.
KENZO TANGE
Biography
Architect Kenzo Tange's best-known early work is the Hiroshima Peace Center.
His later work includes the dramatic National Gymnasium for the 1964
Olympic Games.
Synopsis
Kenzo Tange was born September 4, 1913 in Osaka, Japan. His best-known
early work is the Hiroshima Peace Center. Later works include the Shizoka
Press and Broadcasting Center, the dramatic National Gymnasium for the
1964 Olympic Games, and the theme pavilion for the 1970 Osaka Exposition.
His design for the New Tokyo City Hall Complex established his reputation in
Japan and internationally.
Profile
Architect, born in Osaka, Japan. He was raised in Imbari and studied
architecture at the Tokyo Imperial University (19358, 19425), where he
became professor (194974, then emeritus). His best-known early work is the
Hiroshima Peace Centre (194955). Later works include the Shizoka Press and
Broadcasting Centre (19667), the dramatic National Gymnasium for the
1964 Olympic Games, and the theme pavilion for the 1970 Osaka Exposition.
His design for the New Tokyo City Hall Complex was selected in 1986 and
established his reputation in Japan and internationally. His Plan for Tokyo
received world-wide attention for its new concepts of extending the growth of
the city out over the bay, using bridges, man-made islands, floating parking,
Biographical Summary
Kisho Kurokawa was born in 1934 in Nagoya, Japan, and studied architecture at the
University of Tokyo under Kenzo Tange, receiving his M.Arch in 1959 and his Ph.D. in
1964. From an early age, Kurokawa has been deeply interested in both the theory
and practice of architecture, and is well known for his philosophy of "symbiosis" and
his numerous publications and translations of architectural writings. Although most
of his built work is found in Asia--including the Kuala Lumpur International Airport in
Maylasia, and the Hiroshima City Museum of Contemporary Art and Osaka
International Convention Center, both in Japan--he designed the Illinois Sporting
Club at IllinoisCenter in Chicago in the late 1980s and has had a long-standing
relationship with The Art Institute of Chicago. Kurokawa has maintained his own
office, Kisho Kurokawa Architect and Associates, in Tokyo since 1962. He has also
been a visiting lecturer, critic, and advisor for universities and institutions around
the world and has received numerous international awards and distinctions for his
writings and architecture. Kurokawa died in Tokyo, Japan on October 12, 2007.
Interview Highlights
Kurokawa speaks about his family background; his education in Nagoya and Tokyo;
his publications; his philosophy of Symbiosis; Metabolism in architecture; his
architectural office; the Sporting Club at Illinois Center in Chicago; his art; the
differences between practicing architecture in the United States and in Japan; his
awards and honors; and his vision for the future.
ARATA ISOZAKI
In 2005, Arata Isozaki founded the Italian branch of his office: Arata Isozaki &
Andrea Maffei Associates. Two major projects from this office are currently
underway: CityLife office tower, a redevelopment project in the former trade fair
area in Milan, and the new Town Library in Maranello, Italy.
Born and educated in Japan, Arata Isozaki often integrates Eastern ideas into his
designs.
For example, Isozaki wanted to express a yin-yang theory of positive and negative
space when he designed the Team Disney Building in Orlando, Florida. Also, because
the offices were to be used by time-conscious executives, he wanted the
architecture to make a statement about time.
Serving as offices for the Walt Disney Corporation, the Team Disney Building is a
startling landmark on the otherwise barren stretch of Florida's Route I-4. The oddly
looped gateway suggests gigantic Mickey Mouse ears. At the building's core, a 120foot sphere forms the world's largest sundial. Inside the sphere is a serene Japanese
rock garden.
Isozaki's Team Disney design won a prestigious National Honor Award from the AIA
in 1992.
Notable works:
KIYONORI KIKUTAKE
List of works
REFERENCES
1. KISHO KUROKAWA, ARCHITECTS AND ASSOCIATES, SELECTED AND CURRENT
WORKS, KISHO KUROKAWA AND ANDY WHYTE, THE IMAGES PUBLISHING
GROUP PTY. LTD. (2000)
2.