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Environment and natural resources in Somalia are valuable national assets that must
be sustainably managed for present and future generations. They offer a range of
benefits and opportunities for local and national economic development, improved
livelihoods and provision of environmental goods and services. Despite being the
foundation on which sustainable development is anchored, there are many
environmental degradation issues and challenges facing this nation. Notable drivers of
environmental degradation are high rates of population growth, inappropriate
technology, unsustainable consumption and production patterns, increased incidences
of poverty and climate change. Further, urban environmental degradation, through
lack of appropriate Solid waste management and sanitation systems, industry and
transport related Air pollution, adversely impact on air, water pollution, soil quality
and human health and well being. Another major set of challenges arises from
emerging global environmental concerns such as stratospheric ozone layer depletion
and biodiversity loss. These have led to changes in the relationship between people
and ecosystems. If this trend is left unchecked it will lead to further serious
environmental degradation that may perpetuate deprivation and poverty.
Environmental Background
Somalia has experienced over two decades of political conflict. The toll on the nation
has been devastating, which has caused the rise of pirates, climate change, toxic waste
dumping and destruction of the forestry and turning huge tracks of land into barren
fields. Much of the forestry was destroyed to satisfy the demand for charcoal in and
outside Somalia. Moreover, business elements imported expired food and medicines
and benefited from the lack of the rule of law and quality control. This has lead to
food poisoning and thousands of people falling ill. Doctors have been working in
these conditions, discovering unknown human diseases every day. In addition,
prohibited agrochemicals and other harmful products to human and environment have
been recorded across the country. Organizations or functioning institutions that
safeguard safe drinking water, health and safety have not been put in place. Other
Standards or regulations regarding Cities planning, Housing quality, ha-zard control
are yet to be put in practice nationwide. Water pollution, Air pollution, sea pollution
and solid waste continue to affect large areas in the country.
Introduction
A combination of social and cultural dynamics, politics, economics, and the condition
of ecosystems affects how people in Somalia are born, grow, live, work and ages.
Somalias long-lasting civil strife, disorder and lack of a functioning government for
more than twenty years have contributed to the de-pressed state of environmental
conditions and the implications for public health. The absence of appropriate
governance, a regulation and legislative frame-work, enforcement and control over
attainment and use of natural and environmental resources have had not yet
significant impact in Somalia.
1
Sector of environmentenvironmentalistMinistry of planning and international Cooperation
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
Tel+252616579557
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
3
Sector of environmentenvironmentalistMinistry of planning and international Cooperation
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
Tel+252616579557
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
of mountain ecosystems.
Promote integrated watershed management and alternative livelihood
Adopt appropriate land use planning and watershed management practices for
sustainable development of mountain ecosystems.
Ensure all water catchment areas are zoned and managed as protected areas and
free from excision.
Arid and Semi-Arid Ecosystem
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Develop and implement an Integrated Land Use Master (Development) Plan
for the grassland.
Promote integrated natural resource management in ASALs.
Ensure application of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in
grassland with a view to harvesting flood and river water.
Promote efficient adaptation measures for productive and sustainable resource
management in the grassland.
Implement the National Action Plan (NAP) to combat desertification and
revitalize the Desertification Trust Fund.
Mainstream dry land issues into all national development plans and policies.
Involve and empower communities in the management of grassland ecosystems.
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Land, Soil and Minerals
Ensure implementation of the Constitution and the National Land Policy in a
way that will take into account sustainable conservation and management of the
environment and land resources.
Promote and enhance best practices for optimal and sustainable land use.
Promote sustainable urban and per- urban land uses.
Promote land restoration policies.
Promote high rise building as an efficient land utilization practice.
Promote research on land use in relation to the built environment.
Involve and empower communities in land utilization and management.
Biodiversity, Wildlife and Resource
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Develop and implement the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action
Plan(NBSAP).
Regulate and encourage sustainable utilization and bioprospecting of biological
resources in accordance with international law.
Develop mechanisms to ensure that the benefits arising from access to genetic
resources, including intellectual property rights, traditional knowledge and
technology are shared equitably with communities living in areas where the
genetic material originated.
5
Sector of environmentenvironmentalistMinistry of planning and international Cooperation
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
Develop and implement a strategy to contain, control and mitigate alien and
Invasive species.
Wildlife and Resources
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Protect, conserve and improve the habitats, corridors and dispersal areas of
wildlife.
Provide incentives for investment in sustainable tourism and wildlife
Promote the establishment of transboundary wildlife conservation areas as a basis
for enhancing the conservation of shared wildlife resources
Encourage and support the establishment of private and community based
Maintain all gazette protected areas and reclaim and restore the encroached parks
and reserves for enhanced wildlife conservation.
Strengthen and support wildlife research and monitoring to generate adequate
information for decision making.
Protect endangered wildlife species.
Involve community participation in conservation activities.
Livestock
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Develop and implement an environment-friendly livestock production policy
that takes cognizance of livestock mobility and communal management of
natural resources.
Enforce regulations on waste management in livestock production industry.
Enforce regulations on livestock movement and disease control through
commercially viable production systems
Fisheries
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Promote sustainable management and utilization of fishery resources.
Strengthen capacity to carry out fisheries monitoring, control and surveillance.
Promote sustainable aquaculture development.
Strengthen community participation in fisheries resources management,
Protect fish breeding grounds and implement closed seasons regulations where
necessary
Trade and Environment
Policy Statements
The Government may:
Mainstream environmental considerations into the National Trade Policy.
Ensure that issues on environment are integrated into international and regional
Section of Environment (Environmental Coordinator)
Ministry planning and international cooperation
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
Tel+252616579557
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
Tel+252616579557
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
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Environmental Policy Draft 2016
Email: gureahmed2@gmail.com
Tel+252616579557