Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
TypesofAirCompressors
Resources,ToolsandBasicInformationforEngineeringandDesignofTechnicalApplications! adaptsseamlesslytophones,padsanddesktops!
Search
"SearchisthemostefficientwaytonavigatetheEngineeringToolBox!"
TypesofAirCompressors
Reciprocating,rotaryscrewandrotarycentrifugalaircompressors
Thethreebasictypesofaircompressorsare
reciprocating
rotaryscrew
rotarycentrifugal
Thesetypesarefurtherspecifiedby:
thenumberofcompressionstages
coolingmethod(air,water,oil)
drivemethod(motor,engine,steam,other)
lubrication(oil,OilFreewhereOilFreemeansnolubricatingoilcontactsthecompressedair)
packagedorcustombuilt
ReciprocatingAirCompressors
Reciprocatingaircompressorsarepositivedisplacementmachines,meaningthattheyincreasethepressureoftheairbyreducingitsvolume.Thismeansthey
aretakinginsuccessivevolumesofairwhichisconfinedwithinaclosedspaceandelevatingthisairtoahigherpressure.Thereciprocatingaircompressor
accomplishesthisbyapistonwithinacylinderasthecompressinganddisplacingelement.
Singlestageandtwostagereciprocatingcompressorsarecommerciallyavailable.
Singlestagecompressorsaregenerallyusedforpressuresintherangeof70psigto100psig.
Twostagecompressorsaregenerallyusedforhigherpressuresintherangeof100psigto250psig.
Notethat
1HP~4CFMat100psi
andthat1to50HParetypicallyforreciprocatingunits.Compressors100hpandabovearetypicallyRotaryScreworCentrifugalCompressors.
Thereciprocatingaircompressorissingleactingwhenthecompressingisaccomplishedusingonlyonesideofthepiston.Acompressorusingbothsidesofthe
pistonisconsidereddoubleacting.
Loadreductionisachievedbyunloadingindividualcylinders.Typicallythisisaccomplishedbythrottlingthesuctionpressuretothecylinderorbypassingaireither
withinoroutsidethecompressor.Capacitycontrolisachievedbyvaryingspeedinenginedrivenunitsthroughfuelflowcontrol.
Reciprocatingaircompressorsareavailableeitherasaircooledorwatercooledinlubricatedandnonlubricatedconfigurationsandprovideawiderangeofpressure
andcapacityselections.
RotaryScrewCompressors
Rotaryaircompressorsarepositivedisplacementcompressors.Themostcommonrotaryaircompressoristhesinglestagehelicalorspirallobeoilflooded
screwaircompressor.Thesecompressorsconsistoftworotorswithinacasingwheretherotorscompresstheairinternally.Therearenovalves.Theseunitsare
basicallyoilcooled(withaircooledorwatercooledoilcoolers)wheretheoilsealstheinternalclearances.
Sincethecoolingtakesplacerightinsidethecompressor,theworkingpartsneverexperienceextremeoperatingtemperatures.Therotarycompressor,therefore,
isacontinuousduty,aircooledorwatercooledcompressorpackage.
Rotaryscrewaircompressorsareeasytomaintainandoperate.Capacitycontrolforthesecompressorsisaccomplishedbyvariablespeedandvariable
compressordisplacement.Forthelattercontroltechnique,aslidevalveispositionedinthecasing.Asthecompressorcapacityisreduced,theslidevalveopens,
bypassingaportionofthecompressedairbacktothesuction.Advantagesoftherotaryscrewcompressorincludesmooth,pulsefreeairoutputinacompactsize
withhighoutputvolumeoveralonglife.
Theoilfreerotaryscrewaircompressorutilizesspeciallydesignedairendstocompressairwithoutoilinthecompressionchamberyieldingtrueoilfreeair.Oilfree
rotaryscrewaircompressorsareavailableaircooledandwatercooledandprovidethesameflexibilityasoilfloodedrotarieswhenoilfreeairisrequired.
CentrifugalCompressors
Thecentrifugalaircompressorisadynamiccompressorwhichdependsontransferofenergyfromarotatingimpellertotheair.
Centrifugalcompressorsproducehighpressuredischargebyconvertingangularmomentumimpartedbytherotatingimpeller(dynamicdisplacement).Inorderto
dothisefficiently,centrifugalcompressorsrotateathigherspeedsthantheothertypesofcompressors.Thesetypesofcompressorsarealsodesignedforhigher
capacitybecauseflowthroughthecompressoriscontinuous.
Adjustingtheinletguidevanesisthemostcommonmethodtocontrolcapacityofacentrifugalcompressor.Byclosingtheguidevanes,volumetricflowsand
capacityarereduced.
Thecentrifugalaircompressorisanoilfreecompressorbydesign.Theoillubricatedrunninggearisseparatedfromtheairbyshaftsealsandatmosphericvents.
RelatedTopics
GasesandCompressedAirAir,LNG,LPGandothercommongasproperties,pipelinecapacities,sizingofreliefvalves
RelatedDocuments
RatingofAirCompressorsandAirEquipmentCommontermsratingairflowcapacityareICFM,FAD,ANR,SCFMornl/min
SCFMversusACFMandICFMActualaircompressorcapacity(ACFM)versusstandardaircapacity(SCFM)andinletaircapacity(ICFM)
AirCompressorsMaximumAirFlowatInletPipesInletpipesizeandmaximumairflow
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/aircompressortypesd_441.html
1/4
5/22/2016
TypesofAirCompressors
AirCompressorsYearlyPowerCostsYearlypowercostsforoperatinganaircompressor
CompressedGasandAirStorageVolumesCalculatethestoragevolumeofcompressedairorgas
CompressedAirReceiversCalculatingreceiversincompressedairsystems
Pumps,Compressors,BlowersandFansComparingpumps,compressors,blowersandfans
SpecificWorkofTurboMachinesPumps,CompressorsandFansSpecificworkfrompumps,fans,compressorsandturbines
TagSearch
en:aircompressorsreciprocatingscrewrotarycentrifugal
SearchtheEngineeringToolBox
Search
"SearchisthemostefficientwaytonavigatetheEngineeringToolBox!"
EngineeringToolBoxSketchUpExtensionOnline3Dmodeling!
Addstandardandcustomizedparametriccomponentslikeflangebeams,lumbers,piping,stairsandmoretoyourSketchUpmodelwiththeEngineeringToolBox
SketchUpExtension/Pluginenabledforusewiththeamazing,funandfreeSketchUpMakeandSketchUpPro.AddtheEngineeringToolBoxextensiontoyour
SketchUpfromtheSketchupExtensionWarehouse!
TranslatetheToolBox
ArabicChinese(Simplified)Chinese(Traditional)DutchFrenchGermanItalianJapaneseKoreanPortugueseRussianSpanishSelectYourown
language..
AbouttheToolBox
WeappreciateanycommentsandtipsonhowtomakeTheEngineeringToolBoxabetterinformationsource.Pleasecontactusbyemail
editor.engineeringtoolbox@gmail.com
ifYoufindanyfaults,inaccuracies,orotherwiseunacceptableinformation.
ThecontentinTheEngineeringToolBoxiscopyrightedbutcanbeusedwithNOWARRANTYorLIABILITY.Importantinformationshouldalwaysbedouble
checkedwithalternativesources.Allapplicablenationalandlocalregulationsandpracticesconcerningthisaspectsmustbestrictlyfollowedandadheredto.
Home
Acoustics
AirPsychrometrics
Basics
Combustion
DrawingTools
Dynamics
Economics
Electrical
Environment
FluidMechanics
GasesandCompressedAir
HVACSystems
HydraulicsandPneumatics
Insulation
MaterialProperties
Mathematics
Mechanics
Miscellaneous
Physiology
PipingSystems
ProcessControl
Pumps
StandardOrganizations
Statics
SteamandCondensate
Thermodynamics
WaterSystems
UnitConverter
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/aircompressortypesd_441.html
2/4
5/22/2016
TypesofAirCompressors
Temperature
0.0
oC
oF
Convert!
Length
1.0
m
km
in
ft
yards
miles
nauticalmiles
Convert!
Volume
1.0
m3
liters
in3
ft 3
usgal
Convert!
Weight
1.0
kgf
N
lbf
Convert!
Velocity
1.0
m/s
km/h
ft/min
ft/s
mph
knots
Convert!
Pressure
1.0
Pa(N/m2)
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/aircompressortypesd_441.html
3/4
5/22/2016
TypesofAirCompressors
bar
mmH2O
kg/cm2
psi
inchesH2O
Convert!
Flow
1.0
m3/s
m3/h
USgpm
cfm
Convert!
513
SharethisPage!
ShortcuttoHomeScreen?
mee ickets
summarizemeetingsandkeeptrackoftaskstobedonewithtickets!
theTravlet
trackingandsharingexpensesbetweenparticipants!
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/aircompressortypesd_441.html
4/4