Trends in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing- Pra deep

1. MENTAL HEALTH ( PSYCHIATRIC) NURSING A Presentation on TRENDS and ISSUES

2. Trends in the Role of a Psychiatric Nurse Current trends Changes and Challenges
Present scene Psychiatric Nursing In Globalization era History Introduction Points for
Discussion A) Trends
3. Ethical Aspects Principles Dilemmas Issues Legal Aspects Terminologies Types of
laws Legal Issues B) Issues
4. Trends in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing History Institutionalization
5. In the Globalization Era De Institutionalization Psychotropic Drugs
6. How do we integrate with Mental Health Community? Experience and Education Role
and Functions Relationships with other professions - Leininger(1973)
7. Present Scene of Mental Health 450 million people affected worldwide Mental
problems common to all countries 1 in every 4 persons going for health services has
atleast one emotional problems Mental problems of Clients with Chronic disorders
Unavailability of cost effective treatment Lack of recognition, awareness and action
8. Issues around Mental health Nursing Hard to justify scientifically due to the lack of
Research results Less ready to face the free market Role differentiation based on
education and experience is unclear. Become Psychiatric Nurse is not an option for
students!
9. Changes and Challenges Demographic changes Social changes Economic Changes
Technological changes Mental health care changes
10. a) Demographic Changes Type of family Increasing No. of Elderly
11. b) Social changes Intergroup and intra group loyalty maintenance Peer Pressure
12. c) Economic changes Industrialization Urbanization Raised Standard of Living
13. d) Technological changes Mass media Electronic Systems Information Technology
14. e) Mental Health care changes Increased awareness in public about Mental health
Need to maintain mental stability Increased mental health problems
15. Current trends in Mental health carte Educational Programmes for Psychiatric Nurse
Development of Code of Ethics Legal aspects in Psychiatric Nursing Promotion of
Research in Mental Health Nursing Cost effective Nursing Care Focus of Care World
Health Day Mental Health Global Action Programme Health and Human Rights Revision
of Hospital Medical Code Getting ready for DSM-5
16. New Trends in the Role of a Psychiatric Nurse

17. New Trends in the Role of a Psychiatric Nurse Primary Mental Health Nursing
Collaborative Psychiatric Nursing Practice Clinical Nurse Specialist Nurse Psychotherapist
Psychiatric Nurse Educator Psycho social Rehabilitation Nursing
18. New trends Child Psychiatric Nursing Gerontological and Geriatric Nursing Deaddiction
nursing Neuro psychiatric Nursing Community Mental Heath nursing
19. Issues in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
20. Legal Aspects
21. Basic Terminologies Civil Law: Civil law defines the rights and duties of the individuals
in relation to each other. Civil law protects the private and property rights of the individuals
and businesses. I. Tort Intentional Unintentional II. Contract
22. Criminal Law: Criminal law defines certain acts as offences against the state and in
doing so makes them punishable. The criminal law is enforced by or on behalf of the State.
Criminal law provides protection from conduct deemed injurious to the public welfare
23. Statutory Law: A statutory law is a law that has been enacted by legislative body, such
as country or city council, the state legislature or the parliament. An example statutory law
such as the Indian Nursing Council Act. Common Law: Common laws are derived from
decisions made in previous cases. These laws apply to a body of principles that evolve from
court decisions resolving various controversies
24. Right to Confidentiality is a basic one, and especially so in psychiatry. Although social
attitudes are improving, individuals have been discriminated against in the past for no other
reason than for having a history of emotional illness. Informed Consent is a clients
permission granted to a physician to perform therapeutic procedure, before which
information about the procedure has been presented to the client with adequate time given
for consideration about the pros and cons.
25. Restraints generally refers to a set of leather straps that are used to restrain the
extremities of an individual whose behaviour is out of control and who poses an inherent risk
to the physical safety and psychological well-being of the individual and staff. Seclusion is
another type of physical restraint in which the client is confined alone in a room from which
he or she is unable to leave.
26. False Imprisonment is the deliberate and unauthorized confinement of a person within
fixed limits by the use of verbal or physical means. Gravely Disabled is generally defined
as a condition in which an individual, as a result of mental illness, is in danger of serious
physical harm resulting from inability to provide for basic needs, such as food, clothing,
shelter, medical care and personal safety.
27. Negligence: The omission (of a person) to do something which a reasonable person,
guided by those ordinary considerations which ordinarily regulated human affairs, would do
or the doing of something which a prudent and reasonable person would not do.
28. Malpractice:The failure of one rendering professional services to exercise that degree
of skill and learning commonly applied under all the circumstances in the community by the

average prudent reputable member of the profession with the result of injury, loss or
damage to the recipient of those services or to those entitled to rely upon them.
29. Libel: Written Defamation Slander: Oral defamation Invasion of Privacy: is a charge
that may result when a client is searched without probable cause. Assault is an act that
results in a persons genuine fear and apprehension that he or she will be touched without
consent. Battery is the unconnected touching of another person.
30. Types of Laws Types of Laws Statutory Law a)Tort b)Contract Common Law
31. Legal Issues Right to Confidentiality is a basic one, and especially so in psychiatry.
Although social attitudes are improving, individuals have been discriminated against in the
past for no other reason than for having a history of emotional illness.
32. Informed Consent Informed Consent is a clients permission granted to a physician to
perform therapeutic procedure, before which information about the procedure has been
presented to the client with adequate time given for consideration about the pros and cons.
33. 3 major elements of informed consent Knowledge Competency Free Will
34. Restraints and Seclusion Restraints generally Orders re issued for R refers to a set of
leather straps that are used to restrain the extremities of an individual whose behaviour is
out of control and who poses an inherent risk to the physical safety and psychological wellbeing of the individual and staff. Talking down- a less Restrictive measure Seclusion is
another type of physical restraint in which the client is confined alone in a room from which
he or she is unable to leave. &S?
35. False Imprisonment False Imprisonment is the deliberate and unauthorized
confinement of a person within fixed limits by the use of verbal or physical means.
36. Commitment Issues Voluntary Admissions Involuntary Commitment Emergency
Commitment The Mentally ill person in need of Treatment Involuntary Outpatient
Commitment(IOC) The Gravely Disabled Client
37. Malpractice and Negligence Malpractice is the failure of one rendering professional
services to exercise that degree of skill and learning commonly applied under all the
circumstances in the community by the average prudent reputable member of the
profession with the result of injury, loss or damage to the recipient of those cervices or to
those entitled to rely upon them Negligence is the omission (of a person) to do something
which a reasonable person, guided by those ordinary considerations which ordinarily
regulated human affairs, would do or the doing of something which a prudent and
reasonable person would not do.
38. Failure to prevent Dangerous Client behaviour Tarasoff Duty to warn An interesting
Love story???!!!
39. Sexual Involvement with Clients Breaching Confidentiality Failure to Honour individual
Rights Control of Violent or Self destructive behaviours
40. BatteryAssault Slander Invasion of Privacy Libel Law suits that occur in
Psychiatric Nursing Breach of Confidentiality Defamation of Character

41. How to avoid Liability? Practice within the scope of the nurse practice act. Observe the
hospitals and departments policy manuals. Measure up to established practice standards.
Always put the clients rights and welfare first. Develop and maintain a good interpersonal
relationship with each client and his or her family.
42. Ethical Aspects
43. Ethical Principles Autonomy Beneficence Fidelity Justice Non Malefience Veracity
44. Ethical Dilemmas in Mental Health An ethical dilemma is a situation in which ethical
principles conflict or when there is no one clear course of action in a given situation.
45. Ethical Decision Making
46. Select an alternative Implementation Evaluation Principles and Theories Explore
benefits and Consequences Conflict Plan Subjective and Objective data Problem
Identification Assessment
47. Lets Decide!
48. Should a client who is loud and intrusive to other clients on a hospital unit be secluded
from the others?
49. When a therapeutic relationship has ended, can a health care professional nurse ever
have a social or intimate relationship with someone he or she met as a client?
50. Are clients who are psychotic necessarily incompetent or do they still have the right to
refuse hospitalization and medication?