Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
ABSTRACT
Surface tension is defined as the force (acting perpendicular to the surface) per unit length. The force generated acts mostly
upon surface molecules since the forces balance within bulk molecules of a liquid, resulting to zero net force. In order to
change the shape of a liquid, the required surface free energy must be applied on the substance as dictated by surface tension
for pure solvents and by surface concentration for solutions of liquid-liquid mixture and/or partly miscible interface. The
experiment utilizes the Tensiometer -ring method or the Du Nuoy method in determining the surface tension of 0.1 M to 0.8 M nbutanol solutions. Distilled water was used for calibration procedures. The Du Nuoy method uses a platinum-iridium alloy ring
in order to measure the maximum force generated upon submersion on the surface of the liquid samples. The obtained
surface tension of water was relatively high, The plot of concentration versus surface tension for n-butanol showed a
decreasing trend; increasing the concentration of n-butanol decreases the solution surface tension due to non-uniformity of
solute upon the surface of the solution. Using the Gibbs isotherm as well as the slope of the plot generated, the surface
concentration of the n-butanol set was found to be 2.497 x 10 -12 moles/cm2 at 28O C. A strong correlation coefficient of 0.9697
was noted for the data points collected. The objectives of the experiment were met with a few recommendations.
Keywords: surface tension, du nouy ring, surface concentration, gibbs isotherm
INTRODUCTION
1 of 5
METHODOLOGY
2 of 5
Surface Tension
(dynes/cm)
Concentration (mol / L)
Corrected Surface
Tension (dynes/cm)
0.10
73.57
0.20
64.33
0.30
56.73
0.40
52.96
0.50
49.59
0.60
45.41
0.70
43.06
0.80
40.73
72.6
Trial 1
Trial 2
72.5
Trial 3
65.1
70.07
Literature value
71.501
Correction factor
Measurement
1.0204
A plot of the corrected surface tension of nbutanol as a function of the natural logarithm of the
various concentrations (Figure 1) show a decreasing
trend. The dependence of surface tension on
concentration can be explained using the Gibbs
3 of 5
CONCLUSIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS
AND
4 of 5
REFERENCES
1. Physical Chemistry, 3rd ed. Mortimer, R. (Data
interpolated from source)
2. Surface Tension. Patel, I. (pdf version)
3. Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, 6th ed. Adamson,
A., and Gast, A. John Wiley, New York. 1997
4. Fluids: Surface Tension. Ducree, J. (pdf version)
5. Physical Chemistry I Laboratory Manual, Part 1.
Caparanga, A., Baluyut, J., Soriano, A. Manila.
2006
6. Interfacial Tension.
Non-Newtonian Fluid
Dynamics Research Group. MIT (retrieved from
database, 7/24/15)
7. IUPAC: Compendium of Chemical Terminology,
2nd ed. ("The Gold Book"). Compiled by
McNaught, A. and Wilkinson, A. Blackwell
Scientific Publications, Oxford. 1997
8. Surface excess concentration. Kruss Surface
Science Group. Hamburg, Germany. 2015
(retrieved from database, 7/24/15)
5 of 5